The three-story house is located on the plot in such a way that the neighbor's house is very close, only 2 meters from the roof overhang of the first house. Both houses are wooden, covered shingles. Baths and outbuildings are attached to each house.
In the event of a fire, can one house be saved if the other catches fire? Was it possible to build houses so close to each other?
To understand what kind of house you can build according to fire regulations and where on the site you can place the house relative to other buildings and neighboring houses, what the degree of fire resistance of a residential building should be, carefully look at the fire resistance table of buildings.
Fire resistance of a residential building (table):
Degree of fire resistance residential building I. The house must be built of brick, stone, concrete blocks. Insulation must be made with non-combustible materials. Covers must be reinforced concrete slabs. The roof must be made of non-combustible materials - natural tiles, metal tiles, slate, corrugated board.
The degree of fire resistance of a residential building II. The house is built of bricks and blocks. Ceilings can be made of wood, protected by plaster or non-combustible board materials. The truss system, when made of wood, must be treated with fire retardant impregnations. Insulation can be made with non-combustible materials, or materials with a fire resistance limit of G1 and G2.
The degree of fire resistance of a residential building is III. Frame house built on metal frame. All frame elements are metal, including rafter system. Insulation in a metal frame - non-combustible or group G1 or G2. The cladding of such a house is only made of non-combustible sheet material, for example, metal siding.
The degree of fire resistance of a residential building is IIIb. Single storey frame house on wooden frame with flame retardant treatment. All wooden elements the frame and cladding of the house are treated with fire retardant impregnations. Insulation - non-combustible or groups with a fire resistance limit of G1 or G2.
The degree of fire resistance of a residential building IV. House on a wooden frame with protection of the frame and walls with plaster coatings. Fire retardant treatment should only be for elements attic floor- lag and crates. Sheathing can be of any material, there are no fire resistance requirements for sheathing in this category.
The degree of fire resistance of a residential building is IVb. The same as grade IV, only the frame is metal and the house is one floor. Enclosing structures must be made of sheet metal or any other non-combustible materials. Insulation can be used groups G3 or G4.
The degree of fire resistance of a residential building is 5. All other buildings that do not fall into the above categories and for which there are no requirements for the limit of fire spread and fire resistance.
According to this table, it is possible to determine the fire resistance of a residential building, classify each house according to the materials used to a specific category, and plan the development of the site accordingly. If the houses have already been built, then fire prevention measures can be organized - sheathing with non-combustible materials, insulation with non-combustible heaters, and the like.
This will increase the fire resistance of a residential building, even if it is made of wood or if this house is built high - 3 floors or more.
How to determine the degree of fire resistance of a building, on what factors does the fire resistance limit depend? Any architect or owner should know the answers to these questions. With this knowledge, it is easy to design a fire escape route, emergency exit positions, etc. But nowadays there are many architectural solutions for the construction of buildings of the same type, so determining the fire resistance of each can cause some difficulties.
What is the fire resistance of a building and why is it determined?
Buildings with a capacity of more than 100 seats and a height of 3 m must have C1 fire safety and III degree of fire resistance of the building. How to determine the number of seats? This figure depends on the population of the area. According to SNiP, the number of places in a nursery is allowed to be increased to 120 per 1000 inhabitants of the district, on average 60-90.
Gardens with a capacity of more than 150 seats must have II degree of fire resistance and C1 fire safety. With a height of at least 6 m.
Children's institutions with more than 350 places for children and a height of 9 m have II or I level of stability and C0 or C1 security.
Determining the resilience of a district hospital
It is already known how to determine the degree of fire resistance of a building, if it is a school or kindergarten But what about the hospitals? They have their own rules and regulations.
Public buildings of this type have a maximum allowable height of 18 m, while the degree of fire resistance must be I or II, and safety C0.
At a height of up to 10 m, fire resistance is reduced to II, and constructive safety to C1.
If the height of the building is 5 meters or less, then the degree of fire resistance can be III, IV or V, and the level of structural safety, respectively, is C1, C1-C2, C1-C3.
There is nothing more difficult in studying the topic "The degree of fire resistance of a building" than to determine the RB (district hospital) level of safety.
Conclusion
It is not that difficult to actually determine the degree of fire resistance of a building. Difficulties arise only at the practical stage, but this is less than half and even less than a third common work. After studying the architectural plan, the condition of the building as a whole and the condition of the load-bearing structures, the tester has already done most of work!
The degree of fire resistance of a building is the ability of a building to withstand a fire for a certain time without collapsing.
Based SNiP 21-01-97* " Fire safety buildings and structures", clause 5.18 Buildings and fire compartments are classified according to the degree of fire resistance according to table 4. You can also find out the degree of fire resistance in the project documentation or in the technical passport for the building.
To determine the degree of fire resistance of a building according to this table, it is necessary to know the fire resistance limit building structures(bearing elements of the building, external non-bearing walls, ceilings, coverings, floorings, trusses, beams, purlins, internal walls of staircases, flights and landings of stairs).
Table 4
According to clause 5.10 of the same SNiP, the fire resistance limit of building structures is established by the time (in minutes) of the onset of one or several successively, normalized for a given structure, signs of limit states:
Bearing capacity loss ( R);
- loss of integrity ( E);
- loss of heat-insulating ability ( I).
The fire resistance limit of structures can be determined by allowance("Manual for determining the fire resistance limits of structures, the limits of fire propagation for structures and the flammability groups of materials" (K SNiP 11-2-80) Approved by order of the Central Research Institute of the Kucherenko Gosstroy of the USSR dated December 19, 1984 No. 351 / l), or find out from the manufacturer of materials, structures. To roughly determine the degree of fire resistance of a building, you can use the table from applications 2 To not acting currently SNiP 2.01.02-85* "Fire safety standards".
Annex 2. Approximate structural characteristics of buildings depending on their degree of fire resistance
Annex 2
Reference
Degree of fire resistance |
Structural characteristics |
| Buildings with load-bearing and enclosing structures made of natural or artificial stone materials, concrete or reinforced concrete using sheet and slab non-combustible materials. | |
| Same. It is allowed to use unprotected steel structures in the coverings of buildings. | |
| Buildings with load-bearing and enclosing structures made of natural or artificial stone materials, concrete or reinforced concrete. For ceilings it is allowed to use wooden structures, protected by plaster or slow-burning sheet, as well as plate materials. There are no requirements for fire resistance limits and fire propagation limits for the elements of the roofing, while the elements of the attic flooring made of wood are subjected to fire retardant treatment. | |
| Buildings are predominantly with a frame structural scheme. Frame elements - from steel unprotected structures. Enclosing structures - from profiled steel sheets or other non-combustible sheet materials with flame retardant insulation. | |
| The buildings are predominantly one-storey with a frame structural scheme. Frame elements - from solid or glued wood, subjected to fire retardant treatment, providing the required fire spread limit. Enclosing structures - from panels or element-by-element assembly, made using wood or materials based on it. Wood and other combustible materials of building envelopes must be subjected to fire retardant treatment or protected from the effects of fire and high temperatures in such a way as to ensure the required limit of the spread of fire. | |
| Buildings with load-bearing and enclosing structures made of solid or glued wood and other combustible or slow-burning materials, protected from fire and high temperatures by plaster or other sheet or plate materials. There are no requirements for fire resistance limits and fire propagation limits for the elements of the roofing, while the elements of the attic flooring made of wood are subjected to fire retardant treatment. | |
| The buildings are predominantly one-storey with a frame structural scheme. Frame elements - from steel unprotected structures. Enclosing structures - from profiled steel sheets or other non-combustible materials with combustible insulation. | |
| Buildings, for the load-bearing and enclosing structures of which there are no requirements for fire resistance limits and limits for the spread of fire. |
Based 7.9, SP 55.13330.2016 "Single-apartment residential houses". Updated edition of SNiP 31-02-2001, degree of fire resistance and class of constructive fire hazard not standardized for one-story and two-story houses.
1.22.* Degree of fire resistance, constructive fire hazard class, allowable height (according to SNiP 21-01-97) and floor area within the fire compartment of detached buildings, extensions 1) and inserts should be taken according to Table. 4 .
1 Annex - a part of the building designed to accommodate administrative and amenity premises, separated from industrial buildings and premises by fire barriers. It is allowed to place (partially) engineering equipment in extensions.
In buildings of the IV degree of fire resistance, two floors or more high, the elements of the supporting structures must have a fire resistance rating of at least R 45.
In buildings of III and IV degrees of fire resistance, only structural fire protection should be used to ensure the required fire resistance of load-bearing structures.
In buildings of I, II, III degrees of fire resistance for the attic floor, it is allowed to accept the fire resistance limit of load-bearing building structures R 45 with the provision of their fire hazard class K0, when separating it from the lower floors with a type 2 fire ceiling. In this case, the attic floor should be divided by fireproof partitions of the 1st type into compartments with an area: for buildings of I and II degrees of fire resistance no more than 2000 sq. m, for buildings of the III degree of fire resistance - no more than 1400 sq. m. In this case, the fire partition should rise above the roof in the same way as a fire wall.
In the attics of buildings up to 10 floors inclusive, it is allowed to use wooden structures with fire protection that provides fire hazard class K0.
Table 4
The degree of fire resistance of buildings |
Constructive fire hazard class |
Floor area within the fire compartment, sq. m., with the number of floors |
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1.23.* When designing buildings with a height of 10-16 floors (more than 28 m according to SNiP 21-01-97), additional requirements for these buildings should be taken into account in accordance with SNiP 2.08.02-89 * and SNiP 21-01-97.
1.24.* Annexes of I and II degrees of fire resistance should be separated from industrial buildings of I and II degrees of fire resistance by fireproof partitions of the 1st type.
Extensions below the II degree of fire resistance, as well as extensions to industrial buildings below the II degree of fire resistance and extensions to rooms and buildings of categories A and B should be separated by fire walls of the 1st type. Annexes of IV degree of fire resistance of class C0 are allowed to be separated from industrial buildings of IV degree of fire resistance of classes C0 and C1 by fire walls of the 2nd type.
1.25.* Inserts should be separated from industrial premises fire walls of the 1st type.
Inserts in buildings I, II degrees of fire resistance of classes C0 and C1, III degrees of fire resistance of class C0 can be separated from industrial premises of categories C, D and D by fire partitions of the 1st type, in buildings of III degrees of fire resistance of class C1 and IV degrees of fire resistance of classes C0 and C1 - fire walls of the 2nd type.
Buildings should be taken with no more than two floors and separated from industrial premises of categories C, D, D by fire partitions with a fire resistance limit of EJ 90 and fire ceilings of the 3rd type.
The total area of inserts allocated by fire partitions of the 1st and fire walls of the 2nd type, as well as built-ins and industrial premises, should not exceed the area of the fire compartment established by SNiP 31-03-01.
1.26. Corridors should be divided by fire partitions of the 2nd type into compartments with a length of not more than 60 m.
1.27. From those located in the aboveground and basement floors and corridors that do not have natural lighting, with any of their area and dressing rooms with an area of more than 200 m 2, should be provided exhaust ventilation for smoke removal in accordance with SNiP 2.04.05-91 *.
1.28. * In buildings, extensions, inserts and extensions, ordinary staircases of the 1st type should be provided, with the exception of cases specified in clause 1.23.
In buildings, I and II degrees of fire resistance with the number of floors of no more than three 50% of the staircases, it is allowed to provide type 2 with overhead natural lighting; at the same time, the distance between the flights of stairs should be at least 1.5 m. In these buildings, the main stairs can be designed open to the entire height of the building, provided that the remaining (at least two) stairs are placed in ordinary staircases of the 1st type. At the same time, lobbies and floor halls, in which open staircases are located, must be separated from adjacent rooms and corridors by fireproof partitions of the 1st type.
1.29. Glazed doors and transoms above them internal walls staircases are allowed to be used in buildings of all degrees of fire resistance; at the same time, in buildings with a height of more than four floors, glazing should be made of reinforced glass.
1.30.* Facing and surface finishing of walls, partitions and ceilings of halls for more than 75 seats (except for halls in buildings of the V degree of fire resistance) should be provided from materials of combustibility groups of at least G2.
1.31. Automatic fire alarms should be in separate buildings and extensions with more than four floors, in inserts and extensions - regardless of the number of floors in all rooms, except for rooms with wet processes.
6.7.1 The degree of fire resistance, the class of constructive fire hazard, the allowable height of buildings and floor area within the fire compartment of public buildings should be taken according to table 6.9, buildings of consumer services enterprises (Form 3.5) - according to table 6.10, trade enterprises (Form 3.1) - according to table 6.11.
In this case, it is necessary to take into account the additional requirements provided for in this section for buildings of the corresponding classes of functional fire hazard.
Table 6.10
|
Degree |
Class |
Permissible |
Floor area within |
||
|
one- |
a lot of- |
||||
Table 6.11
|
Degree |
Class |
Permissible |
Floor area within |
||
| one-story | two-storey | 3 - 5-storey | |||
|
Notes 1 In one-story buildings of trade facilities, with the exception of trade facilities for paint and varnish, construction (finishing) materials, auto parts, car accessories, carpets, furniture, III degree of fire resistance, the floor area between fire walls of the 1st type can be doubled, subject to separation sales area from other premises of the store by a fire wall of the 2nd type. 2 When placing storerooms, office, household and technical premises on the upper floors of buildings of stores of I and II degrees of fire resistance, the height of buildings can be increased by one floor. |
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6.7.2 In buildings of I and II degrees of fire resistance of the constructive fire hazard class C0 in the presence of automatic fire extinguishing floor area within the fire compartment can be increased no more than twice in relation to those established in tables 6.9 - 6.11.
6.7.3 The floor area within the fire compartment of one-story buildings with a two-story part occupying less than 15% of the built-up area of the building should be taken as for one-story buildings in accordance with tables 6.9 - 6.11.
6.7.4 In the buildings of stations of I, II degrees of fire resistance of class C0, instead of fire walls, it is allowed to install water deluge curtains in two strands located at a distance of 0.5 m and providing an irrigation intensity of at least 1 l / s per 1 m of curtain length during operation not less than 1 hour, as well as fire curtains, screens and other devices with a fire resistance of at least E 60. At the same time, these types of fire barriers must be placed in a zone free from fire load to a width of at least 4 m on both sides of the barrier.
6.7.5 In the buildings of air terminals of the I degree of fire resistance, the floor area between the fire walls can be increased to 10,000 m², if there are no warehouses, storerooms and other premises with the presence of combustible materials in the basement (basement) floors (except for storage rooms, wardrobes for personnel and premises categories B4 and D). Storage chambers (except for those equipped with automatic cells) and dressing rooms should be separated from the rest of the basement with type 1 fire partitions and equipped with automatic fire extinguishing installations, and command and control centers with type 1 fire partitions (including translucent ones).
6.7.6 In the buildings of stations and air terminals of the I degree of fire resistance of class C0, equipped with automatic fire extinguishing installations, the floor area between the fire walls is not standardized.
6.7.7 The degree of fire resistance of canopies, terraces and galleries attached to the building may be taken one value lower than the degree of fire resistance of the building. At the same time, the class of constructive fire hazard of canopies, terraces and galleries should be equal to the class of constructive fire hazard of the building.
In this case, the degree of fire resistance of a building with a canopy, a terrace and a gallery is determined by the degree of fire resistance of the building, and the floor area within the fire compartment is determined taking into account the area of canopies, terraces and galleries.
6.7.8 In sports halls, halls of indoor skating rinks and halls of pool baths (with and without seats for spectators), as well as in halls for preparatory classes of pools and firing zones of indoor shooting ranges (including those located under the stands or built into other public buildings ) if their area is exceeded in relation to that established in Table 6.9, fire walls should be provided between halls (in shooting ranges - a firing zone with a shooting gallery) and other premises. In the premises of the vestibules and foyers, if their area is exceeded in relation to that established in Table 6.9, instead of fire walls, translucent fire partitions of the 2nd type can be provided.
6.7.9 Buildings of classes F1.2 and F4.2 - F4.3 of I, II and III degrees of fire resistance, not more than 28 m high, it is allowed to build on one attic floor with load-bearing elements having a fire resistance rating of at least R 45 and fire hazard class K0 , when separating it from the lower floors with a fireproof ceiling of at least type 2. The enclosing structures of this floor must meet the requirements for the structures of the building being built on.
At the same time, the attic floor should be additionally separated by fire walls of the 2nd type. The area between these fire walls should be: for buildings of I and II degrees of fire resistance - no more than 2000 m², for buildings of III degree of fire resistance - no more than 1400 m². If available on attic floor automatic fire extinguishing installations, this area can be increased by no more than 1.2 times.
When using wooden mansard structures, as a rule, structural fire protection should be provided that ensures these requirements.
6.7.10 The degree of fire resistance, the class of constructive fire hazard and the highest height of buildings of general type preschool institutions (Form 1.1) should be taken depending on the largest number of places in the building according to table 6.12.
Table 6.12
|
Number of places |
Degree of fire resistance of the building, not lower |
Constructive fire hazard class |
Permissible |
6.7.11 Walls with inside, partitions and floors of buildings of preschool educational institutions, children's health institutions and medical buildings with a hospital (class F1.1), outpatient clinics (class F3.4) and clubs (class F2.1) in buildings of constructive fire hazard class C1 - C3, including with the use of wooden structures, must have a fire hazard class of at least K0 (15).
6.7.12 It is allowed to design three-story buildings of preschool institutions in large and largest cities, except for those located in seismic regions, provided that they are equipped with automatic fire alarm with additional automatic transmission fire signal directly to the fire department via telecommunication lines.
6.7.13 Buildings of specialized preschool institutions, as well as for visually impaired children, regardless of the number of seats, should be designed with a constructive fire hazard class C0 not lower than II degree of fire resistance and no more than two floors high.
6.7.14 Attached walking verandas of preschool institutions should be designed with the same degree of fire resistance and the same class of constructive fire hazard as the main buildings.
6.7.15 The degree of fire resistance, the class of constructive fire hazard and the highest height of school buildings (general education and additional education children), educational buildings of boarding schools, primary education institutions (Form 4.1), as well as dormitories of boarding schools and boarding schools at schools (Form 1.1) should be taken depending on the number of students or places in the building according to table 6.13. The maximum floor area of a building is determined according to Table 6.9.
The construction of school buildings, educational buildings of boarding schools, primary vocational education institutions, as well as dormitory buildings of boarding schools and boarding schools at schools with a height of more than 9 m is allowed provided that they are equipped with an automatic fire alarm with additional automatic transmission of a fire signal directly to the NCC via wired or wireless telecommunication lines connections. The placement of these buildings should be determined based on the condition that the time of arrival of the first unit to the place of call in urban settlements and urban districts should not exceed 10 minutes, and in rural settlements - 20 minutes. Driveways and entrances to these buildings should be designed based on the need to provide access for fire departments from ladders or car lifts directly to each room with window openings on the facade.
For projected four-story, as well as reconstructed five-story school buildings, at least 50% of staircases should be smoke-free. If it is not possible to install smoke-free staircases, in addition to the estimated number of staircases, the installation of external open stairs should be provided. The number of outdoor open stairs should be taken:
One staircase with an estimated number of students and staff on the floor above the second up to 100 people;
At least one staircase for every 100 people with an estimated number of students and staff on the floor above the second more than 100 people.
Table 6.13
|
Number of students |
constructive class |
Degree |
Permissible |
|
Dormitories |
|||
|
Note - For these buildings, it should be possible to install manual retractable fire escapes. * In the regions of the Far North, the height of a one-story building on a pile foundation should be no more than 5 m. |
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On the fourth floor of school buildings and educational buildings of boarding schools it is not allowed to place premises for primary classes, and other educational premises - more than 25%.
The superstructure of these buildings with an attic floor during reconstruction is allowed within the normalized number of storeys. At the same time, it is not allowed to place sleeping quarters on the attic floor.
Buildings of educational buildings of secondary vocational (Form 4.1) and higher vocational education (Form 4.2) may be designed with a height of no more than 28 m.
6.7.16 Buildings of specialized schools and boarding schools (for children with impaired physical and mental development) should not be higher than 9 m.
6.7.17 The height of the placement of auditoriums, assembly halls, conference halls and halls of sports facilities without spectator seats should be taken according to Table 6.14, taking into account the degree of fire resistance, the structural fire hazard class of the building and the capacity of the hall.
Table 6.14
|
Degree |
Building constructive fire hazard class |
Number of seats in the hall |
Permissible height of the hall, m |
|
Notes 1. The maximum height of the hall is determined by the height of the floor corresponding to the bottom row of seats. 2. In the buildings of preschool educational institutions, specialized nursing homes and disabled people (non-apartment), hospitals, dormitory buildings of boarding schools and children's institutions, children's health institutions (Form 1.1), schools (Form 4.1), placement of these halls is not allowed above the second floor. |
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6.7.18 The degree of fire resistance, the class of constructive fire hazard and the maximum height of the buildings of entertainment and cultural and educational institutions of the functional fire hazard class F2.1 and F2.2 should be taken depending on their capacity according to table 6.15.
Table 6.15
|
Class |
Degree |
Class |
Permissible |
The largest |
|
Notes 1 In buildings of class F2.1, the maximum height of the hall, determined by the height of the floor corresponding to the lower row of seats, should not exceed 9 m for halls with a capacity of more than 600 seats. In buildings of the I degree of fire resistance of class C0, it is allowed to place halls with a capacity of up to 300 seats at a height of not more than 28 m, 150 seats - at higher elevations. |
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|
2 In buildings of class F2.2, the maximum height of the hall, determined by the height of the corresponding floor, should not exceed 9 m for dance In buildings of the I degree of fire resistance of class C0, it is allowed to place halls with a capacity of up to 400 seats at a height of not more than 28 m, 200 seats - at higher elevations. 3 When blocking a year-round cinema with a seasonal cinema of varying degrees of fire resistance, a type 2 fire wall must be provided between them. |
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When determining the capacity of the halls, the fixed and temporary places for spectators provided for by the hall transformation project should be summed up.
When placing several halls in the cinema, their total capacity should not exceed that indicated in the table.
The load-bearing structures of coverings above the stage and hall (trusses, beams) in the buildings of theaters, clubs and sports facilities should be designed in accordance with the requirements for load-bearing elements building.
For one-story buildings of I and II degrees of fire resistance, it is allowed to use load-bearing structures of halls with a fire resistance of at least R 60. These structures can be made of wood treated with fire retardants of group I of fire retardant efficiency in accordance with GOST R 53292. In this case, the capacity of the hall can be no more than 4 thousand seats for sports facilities with stands and no more than 800 seats in other cases, and the rest of the structures must comply with the requirements for class C0 buildings.
6.7.19 Medical institutions, including those that are part of buildings of other functional purposes (schools, kindergartens, sanatoriums, etc.), should be designed in accordance with the following requirements.
Buildings of hospitals (Form 1.1), outpatient clinics (Form 3.4) should be designed no higher than 28 m. The degree of fire resistance of these buildings should be at least II, the structural fire hazard class should be at least C0.
Hospitals
Hospital buildings with a height of up to three floors inclusive must be divided into fire sections with an area of \u200b\u200bnot more than 1000 m², above three floors - into sections with an area of \u200b\u200bnot more than 800 m² with fireproof partitions of the 1st type.
Medical buildings psychiatric hospitals and dispensaries should be no more than 9 m high, not lower than the II degree of fire resistance of the constructive fire hazard class C0.
In rural areas, buildings of medical institutions for 60 or less beds and outpatient clinics for 90 visits per shift may be provided with chopped or block walls.
Operating units, resuscitation and intensive care units should be located in separate fire compartments. These blocks of two floors or more must have elevators for transporting fire departments, adapted for transporting immobile patients.
Ward departments of children's hospitals and buildings (including wards for children with adults) should be located no higher than the fifth floor of the building, wards for children under the age of seven and children's psychiatric departments (wards), neurological departments for patients with spinal cord injury, etc. no higher than the second floor.
It is allowed to place wards for children under the age of seven not higher than the fifth floor, provided that smoke protection and automatic fire extinguishing are installed in the building (building).
In perinatal centers, the placement of wards is allowed no higher than the fourth floor, and antenatal wards - no higher than the third floor.
Homes for the elderly and disabled should be designed in accordance with the requirements for hospitals in medical institutions.
Polyclinics
Medical institutions without hospitals are allowed to be located in one-story buildings of the III degree of fire resistance of the constructive fire hazard class C0.
Outpatient buildings for serving children are allowed to be designed no higher than:
6 floors (18 m) - in large and major cities;
5 floors (15 m) - in other cases. At the same time, it is allowed to place only administrative and household premises for the staff of the institution on the top floor.
6.7.20 Buildings of recreation facilities for summer functioning of the V degree of fire resistance, as well as buildings of children's health institutions and sanatoriums of IV and V degrees of fire resistance should be designed only as one-story.
Buildings of summer children's health camps and tourist huts should be designed with a height of no more than two floors, buildings of children's health camps for year-round use - no more than three floors, regardless of the degree of fire resistance and the class of constructive fire hazard.
In health camps, sleeping quarters should be combined into separate groups of 40 beds. These rooms must have independent emergency exits. One of the outputs can be combined with stairwell. Sleeping quarters of health camps in individual buildings or separate parts of buildings should be no more than 160 seats.
6.7.21 Grandstands of any capacity of facilities of class F2.3 using under-tribune space when placed in it auxiliary premises on two or more floors should be designed not lower than the I degree of fire resistance of the constructive fire hazard class C0.
Ceilings under the stands must be fireproof type 2.
When one-story auxiliary premises are located in the under-tribune space or with more than 20 rows for spectators in the stands, the supporting structures of the stands must have a fire resistance rating of at least R 45, fire hazard class K0, and the ceilings under the stands must be type 3 fireproof.
The supporting structures of the stands of sports facilities (Form 2.3) without the use of space under the stands and with more than 5 rows must be made of non-combustible materials with a fire resistance rating of at least R 15. At the same time, combustible substances and materials are not allowed under the stands.
6.7.22 In indoor sports facilities, the supporting structures of stationary stands (under which accommodation is not provided) with a capacity of more than 600 spectators should be made with a fire resistance rating of at least R 60 fire hazard class K0; from 300 to 600 spectators - R 45 and K0; and less than 300 spectators - R 15 and K0, K1.
The fire resistance limit of load-bearing structures of transformable stands (retractable, etc.), regardless of capacity, must be at least R 15.
The above requirements do not apply to temporary spectator seats installed on the floor of the arena during its transformation.
6.7.23 Buildings of libraries and archives should be designed no higher than 28 m.
6.7.24 Buildings of sanatoriums, recreation and tourism facilities (with the exception of hotels) should be designed no higher than 28 m.
The degree of fire resistance of the dormitories of sanatoriums with a height of more than two floors must be at least II, the class of constructive fire hazard is C0.
Two-story dormitory buildings of sanatoriums are allowed to design the III degree of fire resistance of the constructive fire hazard class C0.
The number of places in the residential buildings of sanatoriums and recreation and tourism institutions of I and II degrees of fire resistance of the fire hazard class C0 should not exceed 1000; III degree of fire resistance of fire hazard class C0 - 150; other degrees of fire resistance - 50.
Sleeping quarters intended for accommodating families with children should be located in separate buildings or separate parts of buildings, allocated with type 1 fire partitions, not more than six floors high, with emergency exits isolated from other parts of the buildings. At the same time, sleeping quarters must have an emergency exit that meets one of the following requirements:
6.7.25 The degree of fire resistance of hotels, rest houses of a general type, campsites, motels and boarding houses with a height of more than two floors must be at least III, constructive fire hazard class C0.
Sleeping quarters designed to accommodate families with children in general-type holiday homes, campsites, motels and boarding houses should be placed in separate buildings or separate parts of buildings, allocated with type 1 fire partitions, not more than six floors high, with evacuation exits isolated from other parts of the buildings . At the same time, sleeping quarters must have an emergency exit that meets one of the following requirements:
The exit should lead to a balcony or loggia with a blank wall of at least 1.2 meters from the end of the balcony (loggia) to the window opening (glazed door) or at least 1.6 meters between glazed openings overlooking the balcony (loggia);
The exit must lead to a passage with a width of at least 0.6 meters leading to an adjacent part of the building;
The exit should lead to a balcony or loggia equipped with outdoor stairs, floor-by-floor connecting balconies or loggias.
