Finnish frame houses in Russia: the difference between Finnish technology. Construction of Finnish prefabricated houses: main differences

The Finnish technology for the construction of frame residential buildings allows you to build without arranging a massive foundation. Due to the lightweight design, the load on the base is minimal.

The main building is a wood frame, the walls are made using lightweight panels. Internal Decoration Materials resistant to temperature changes, because inside the Finnish frame houses have a sauna, they are able to withstand exposure to dry steam.

Finnish frame building technology

Construction technology includes several stages:

Foundation laying and waterproofing. See how to waterproof a foundation;

Installation of strapping from a bar - the basis for load-bearing structures and external walls;

Jute bedding on the strapping;

Assembly of floor beams - fastened with metal brackets;

Subfloor flooring - spreads on the lower beams, a temporary floor of wide boards is arranged on top of it.

After that, the frame of the walls is assembled, attached to the strapping, the elements are attached to each other with self-tapping screws and nails. Having installed, on the boards, metal brackets put beams into them.

The next step is the laying of temporary floors and the installation of fronts.

When the frame is installed and fixed, they begin to install the rafters, their lower segment is wrapped with a vapor barrier film, and then lined with a clapboard that acts as a ceiling.

Upper segment truss system turns around waterproofing materials, there is also a crate on which the roof is installed. The frame of the house is ready, it is time to lay a waterproofing layer on the outside of the frame and sheathe it with clapboard. Internal walls lined with insulation and vapor barrier, at the end they lay the main floor covering.

Materials for the construction of frame houses using Finnish technology

Finnish skeleton buildings built from environmentally friendly materials. Used exclusively mineral heaters, which increases the service life by 4 times, since the material does not decompose. Preference is given to environmentally friendly material EKOVILLA, which has a number of advantages:

• cellulose base;
• breathable structure;
• high density - the material consists of small particles.

Cellulose fibers have excellent thermal insulation characteristics, they provide excellent sound insulation and significantly reduce heat loss.

The structure of cellulose wadding is 93% air bubbles. The insulation is applied by spraying, its flexible structure allows you to achieve hard-to-reach places filling gaps with gaps.

Reference!

Traditionally, Finnish one-story frame houses are built from glued beams used for the construction of load-bearing structures. Timber is characterized by high strength, excellent thermal insulation characteristics and excellent soundproofing.

Glued laminated timber does not deform during the drying process, it tolerates high humidity and is not subject to decomposition under the influence of biological organisms.

The material is environmentally friendly, does not support combustion and is non-toxic to the human body.

The most demanded Finnish laminated timber VISILLATALOT. The walls of the beam are filled with several types of seals:

• PSUL - provides insulation from atmospheric influences, without interfering with the movement of moisture vapor, which allows the tree to breathe, while condensation does not accumulate in the bowls, and this eliminates the appearance of mold;
• PP-THERMO - has a fibrous structure that provides air binding, which guarantees excellent thermal insulation. The sealant is not able to bind moisture, it passes gases with vapors, but it is not subject to moisture;
• EKO 40 - used for insulating joints, it has the form of a narrow tape glued along the tongue.

Technologies for the manufacture of prefabricated walls for frame structures

There are 2 effective technologies for making ready-made walls for assembly frame houses: FINNKOPAN; FINNKOTEK. The FINNKOPAN wall has the following structure:

• outer skin - perfectly imitates natural timber;
• corner cutting (imitation);
• wind protection boards - RUNKOLEIJONA;
• frame;
• insulating layer - "ECOWOOL".

Be sure to use airtight paper, on top of which is sewn inner lining. FINNKOTEK walls look like profiled timber on the outside, there are imitation outlets at the corners, the frame is made using battens, other layers correspond to FINNKOPAN technology.

Such Finnish wireframes panel houses have excellent performance. Especially for the northern regions of Russia, FINNKOPAN technologies have been developed; FINNKOTEK+.

The structures are distinguished by excellent thermal insulation characteristics, as they have an additional insulating layer of "ECOWOOL".

Advantages of frame Finnish houses

Houses built in Finnish frame technology have a number of advantages:

• there is no shrinkage of the structure;
• possibility of individual calculation of wall thickness and type of heating system;
• freedom of choice of interior decoration;
• lightweight design;
• long service life.

Important!

Single storey suburban construction according to Finnish frame technology, ideal for Russian conditions. The advantage of the facilities is the minimization of heat losses, the buildings are very economical, they are easy to operate, they are built from environmentally friendly materials. Houses are built quickly, immediately after the completion of construction, you can celebrate a housewarming party.

The cost of building a Finnish house

The cost of building a frame house Finnish technology in the company 2mdom: from 12,700 rubles per sq. m. Construction period - 3 months.

The construction cost includes:

• Design. ;
• Foundation selection;
• Frame assembly. ;
• Roofing roof. ;
• Installation of windows and doors;
• Finishing works;
• Installation of water supply, power supply and other engineering communications.

VIDEO:

Good afternoon
A lot has already been written on this forum about frame houses and the technologies for building such houses. The advice of people who have already built such houses helped me a lot on this forum.

I am 27 years old, I dreamed of my own house for a long time, but I wanted to live in Finland. I really like the Scandinavian countries, their houses and nature. At the end of 2010, I flew to Finland to look at a house to buy, the house was very small and I was not ready to pay 5 million rubles for it ... After thinking carefully, I realized that in another country I would face many difficulties in terms of work and visas . And the idea occurred to me to build a house in the suburbs, a house in scandinavian style just as beautiful and simple.

My brother studied in Finland and knows Finnish very well. After conferring with him, we decided to buy the house of the Kostelli company, its representative office is in Moscow, the company is called "The Sun". On the Costelli website, we chose a house, a small one-family house with an area of ​​80 square meters. And with a printout of this house, we went to the Sun ... There they listened to us and said that the Finns no longer make this house, as their technologies have changed, etc. ... We asked how much such a house would cost to bring and build by the forces of the Sun company, we were told about 6 million rubles ... I want to note that the price of the kit with internal and exterior trim, 14 euro tiwi windows and 3 entrance doors Finestra was 37,000€.

Arriving home, the brother sent letters to the Castelli representation in Finland with a request for a possible purchase of this house, to which a positive response came from all the representations. We were told that the production of the house at the factory would take 3 months (it was May in the yard), that we must pay 10 percent of the cost of the house, and the remaining 90 3 weeks before the end of the manufacture of the house. The good news was that the Finns removed the tax and the amount of 25,080 € came out. The next day we paid the billed 10 percent. And we started to think that we don't even have a plot of land... We managed to select and buy the land by August 2011, a month before the delivery of the house. We were also puzzled by the search for a company that would build the foundation and assemble the house. We turned to the Sun company, as they had experience in assembling such houses, but they refused us, referring to the workload.

We turned to different companies, but the prices that we were called for assembling the house did not suit us, in the end we found the Khoma company, as it turned out, they had a person who had previously worked in the Sun company and assembled such houses. We were very happy about this. Within a week, the foreman of the Khoma company sent us an estimate for the foundation, the price for a tape pile was 300 thousand rubles, the price for a slab was 600 thousand rubles. After thinking, we decided to make a strip foundation. On September 1, the foundation was ready.

The set of the house was supposed to arrive on the 10th, we found a truck in Murmansk and sent it to a factory in Finland, agreed for 120 thousand rubles, paid 60 thousand. But the Finns at the factory turned our truck around, telling us that the kit had not yet been completed, for which brother wrote a claim to the factory and after 2 days the Finns loaded the house into their truck and sent it to us in Moscow. We saved 60 tr on delivery. Then customs was waiting for us... To be continued tomorrow =)

One of the first questions that arises when you think about building a house - what will it be like? After all, I want the house to be not only beautiful, but also cozy, comfortable for living.

Most likely, first you will try to draw your " perfect layout" on one's own. But I am more than sure that you will very quickly encounter a number of difficulties - how to “shove in what is not pushed in”, how to arrange windows, doors ... do everything so that it is both convenient and beautiful and nothing more.

It is no coincidence that people study to be architects and designers. Everything is not as simple as it seems. Therefore, in my opinion, the best way is to search for a “donor”, ​​a ready-made house project that best suits your desires and requirements.

You will type in Yandex or Google something like “finished projects” or “ standard projects” and will consider many domestic projects. You may find something, or you may be disappointed.

Why are Scandinavian projects better than Russian ones?

In short - scandinavian houses are much more thoughtful, rational and comfortable for living than the vast majority of domestic ones.

Russian projects are very specific. We do not have much experience in designing private houses. village houses always built “with their own mind”, without “conveniences” and other bourgeois excesses, and professional designers and architects were taught to build large buildings and apartment buildings.

Hence the specifics of domestic projects - a bet on a catchy appearance, despite the fact that the internal layouts are often not thought out and made according to the "apartment" model, not taking into account the specifics country house and living in it.

Space is not used efficiently, there are no extremely useful (and often necessary) utility rooms and so on. But there are many useless halls and corridors. Which wasted devour the space for which you will pay during construction.

But behind spectacular facades, this is often not noticeable. Understanding comes later, when the house is built, the money is spent, and you understand what should have been done differently.

Once I came across a project of a house of 250 sq m, of which, upon closer examination, about 100 m2 were halls and corridors. That is, in fact - wasted space. But if a more rational approach to the use of space, then instead of a house of 250m2, it was quite possible to build a house of 180 - with the same set and area of ​​\u200b\u200bpremises that carry some useful feature. But in order to make the layout rational, one must strain the brain very strongly. It is much easier to increase the area and stick a couple of corridors. After all, it is not the designer who will pay for these square meters during construction.

Therefore, in my opinion, it is more correct to turn to foreign experience. And first of all to the experience of northern Europe and Scandinavia.

Why exactly them?

Because in these countries they know how to count money, they love comfort, but at the same time they don’t like to spend too much. The layouts of Finnish, Norwegian, Swedish houses are extremely well thought out. And the climate and the associated features of houses are closer to ours than, say, Spanish or Polish houses.

All space is used very rationally. Appearance, layout - everything is balanced.

Can I make my own changes to the Scandinavian project?

It is possible, but very carefully. I repeat Scandinavian projects for the most part already thought out to the smallest detail. Therefore, an attempt to independently “re-plan” or change one to another can lead to the fact that in the end you will get a completely different house. And not the fact that it will be as comfortable and beautiful as in the original picture.

Therefore, ideally, you need to look for a project that suits you with minimal changes. Or it is very good to be aware of what you are doing and how it will look in reality.

Let me give you a small example. Below in the photo is the "donor" and its implementation with some facade changes.

It would seem like nothing. Windows without “deglazing” were replaced with siding, wide white decorative elements, slightly reduced the porch. Like little things. But in the end it turned out another house. Not bad - but just that different. Not the same as in the picture.

Where can I find a project for a Finnish or Scandinavian house?

Only two options

Option one - find in Scandinavia

In Finland and Scandinavia, typical construction is very common, which is carried out by both small firms and large concerns. Such firms usually have catalogs of manufactured houses.

Actually, your task is to study the websites of these companies, see what they offer and choose a Scandinavian or Finnish house project for further implementation. Although, to be honest, it cannot be called a project. Rather, it is the appearance and layout from which you can push off. So how to buy finished project with all the documentation abroad - quite problematic. But having sketches on hand - the layout and appearance of the house, it is already possible to make a "replica" of this house.

Not all sites have a Russian or English version. Moreover, such a version may be "abbreviated", so for completeness of information, it is better to look at the original site.

To make it easier to navigate the sites, you can use the automatic Google translator (translate.google.com) - just enter the site address in the translation field.

Or use the hints below.

Option two - look at the Finnish house

We went to this for a long time and finally made our catalog of Scandinavian and Finnish house projects. Faced with the fact that looking for a suitable project on several dozen foreign sites, which are also constantly changing, we gradually began to drag projects from Scandinavian sites to ourselves. And now there are more than 2500 Finnish, Norwegian and Swedish houses on the Finnish house, with a convenient search by the main criteria. By the way, when viewing a project in our catalog, pay attention to the “description” tab, there is helpful information and a link to the original project.

• projects of Finnish houses with a sauna - and what is a Finnish house without a sauna?
• projects of Finnish houses with a garage - after creating the catalog, I was surprised to find that the Finns have a lot of such projects
• projects of Finnish houses up to 100m2 - small houses have their own charm, except for one, they turn out to be expensive to build
• projects of Finnish houses from glued laminated timber - by the way, such a house can always be made in a frame version 😉

If you didn’t find your option - try searching in the catalog itself using the search form in the sidebar.

If you like to work with primary sources, then you will find links to Finnish and Scandinavian sites that served as the source of projects for our catalog.

Finnish house designs

Everything related to houses has a root in Finnish talo- which is noticeable even by the name of the companies. For example Omatalo is one of the largest concerns in Finland and Scandinavia.

Accordingly, look for sections on sites one way or another related to talo - usually the directory is hidden under the word talot (at home), talomallistomme, talopaketit, etc. as well as mallistot (collections). Hints: kerros - number of floors, Huoneistoala - living area, Kerrosala - total area.

And it doesn't matter whether the company builds houses from glued beams or frame houses, any project can be adapted to the frame technology.

Hints - husen (houses) planritningar (layout), Vära hus (choose a house)

Norwegian house projects

The construction of frame houses is an inexpensive and high-quality analogue of the construction of logs or stone. What type of frame house to choose and what is so remarkable about the construction of a frame house using Finnish technology.

Features of construction using Finnish technology

Why do many who decide to build a house choose exactly? Frame houses using Finnish technology are simple - the frame can be assembled in a couple of weeks, and the construction itself can actually be completed in a couple of months.

In addition, Finnish-type frame houses are built from a 245x100 mm timber or a 150x50 mm board that makes up the frame, and mineral plates that retain heat. It is because of the frame material and the ease of erecting a frame house that such construction has been developed. In addition, experts and builders note the following positive features that make Finnish technology so popular.

Construction of Finnish frame houses

• Lightweight construction does not require "extra" hands for mounting boards.
• Construction of a house is possible at any time of the year.
• All the equipment used for construction is quite affordable, there is no need to call for special equipment for the installation of house parts.
• Frame-type houses built according to Finnish technology have high thermal insulation.
• Short construction times.
• Low cost of materials and the whole construction.
• High environmental friendliness of materials - wooden frame and mineral insulation.
• High service life of the house itself, even the internal insulation has a shelf life of up to 25 years, unlike Canadian houses.
• Excellent quality base material - or board.
• Simplicity and ease of finishing the Finnish frame house.

Construction stages

Foundation installation

In this regard, frame houses involve the construction of a fairly light structure, there is no need to make a massive and expensive foundation. A strip or column foundation is perfect.

On a note

You can save on a strip foundation by choosing cinder concrete and concrete, on a column foundation - using a solid red brick or erecting a rubble concrete foundation. The depth of the foundation and the frequency of the arrangement of supports depends on the number of storeys and the future load on it.

Installation of beds and logs

Along the perimeter of the installed foundation, beds are mounted, which are attached to the foundation with special anchors. Before fixing the beds, it is necessary to check all dimensions and correspondence of the diagonals. Further, a strapping board is placed on the end, to which logs are attached from boards placed on edge.

Installation of logs for Finnish houses occurs in increments of 300-350 mm. Construction is characterized by the absence of foam as a heater, so processed ecowool can be used for the floor.

Assembly of frame walls

The walls of the future Scandinavian frame house can be of two types - manually assembled on the ground and installed entirely at the construction site, or ready-made high-tech panels with built-in communications.

What does a proper Finnish frame house pie include:

• Vapor barrier membrane.
• Internal crate - the slats are installed across so that there is space between them for laying future communications.
• Finishing for finishing work, drywall is most often used.

How Finnish frame houses are built - examples of work in the photo.

Based on Scandinavian construction technology.

House frame sheathing

The finished wall frame is sheathed with Izoplat windproof sheets. These sheets will not only protect the walls from external influences, but also give strength to the structure. After that, sheets of DSP (cement-bonded particle board) are mounted through the ventilated gap of the crate.

Installation of the ceiling and roof in a Finnish house

If the construction is multi-storey, the ceiling of the second floor with beams with a section of 245x50 mm is mounted on the walls of the first floor of the frame. If, after the first floor, there is an attic or a roof, 150x50mm boards and OSB sheets under the draft ceiling are selected for the rafters. Usually the roof of Finnish houses is mounted simple, gable, also with a small pitch of rafters.

Finishing work in frames using Scandinavian technology, as well as the choice of roof covering is carried out in accordance with individual wishes and the availability of funds.

Installation of ventilation systems

Particular attention during construction must be paid to the creation of ventilation in a frame house. This issue is relevant for construction with the use of high-tech prefabricated walls, with already installed windows and communication systems.

Many builders neglect the installation of ventilation systems, recommending simply in the ventilation mode. But in this case, not only additional funds are spent on heating or cooling the house, but the insulation deteriorates along with the materials that are the main ones during construction.

If a seasonal house is being built - a summer house and there are not so many rooms in the room, you can self-assembly hoods in a frame house. Installation natural ventilation With supply valves will pass without difficulties and will not bring additional costs. When building a year-round house, supply ventilation should be installed at least in the bathrooms and in the kitchen.

Tools for creating ventilation in a frame house

• Spanners.
• Perforator and drill.
• Screwdriver.
• Hammer.
• Marker.
• Clamp.
• Ratchet wrench.

On a note

If during construction the question arose of how to make a hood in a frame house with least cost, you can mount a natural supply ventilation, for which no electrical equipment is needed, which does not entail additional costs.

Natural supply ventilation

1. It is best to carry out installation before finishing the premises, right during construction. If the valve is located behind the heating radiator, it must be temporarily dismantled and the location of the future ventilation should be marked with a marker.
2. A hole is made for the ventilation duct.
3. A ventilation pipe with a heater is mounted in the formed channel.
4. The valve body must not touch the pipe, so it can be attached with polyurethane foam. The body, like the pipe, can be insulated, or put on a sound absorber.
5. From the outside ventilation pipe getting dressed protective grille, from the inside - a special cover.

If, when choosing a project for your future home, you chose Finnish frame houses, the construction will be strong and reliable, with the right choice of materials it will save a significant part of the budget.

Finnish wooden houses characterized by high thermal insulation, affordable cost and optimal time erection.

Before we consider the stages of building frame houses using Finnish technology, we will pay attention to the features of the material from which such structures are assembled.

Finnish technology for the construction of frame houses - material features

Insulation for the walls of a frame house

Multilayer sandwich panels used in the construction of houses using Finnish technology contain environmentally friendly mineral wool insulation. Since it does not decompose, the service life of the building is increased by 3-4 times compared to houses built using Canadian technology.

Expanded polystyrene, of which organic heaters are composed, decomposes over time. When it decomposes, polymeric compounds are formed, which are isolated in environment harmful substances.
Sandwich panels, incorporating a heater of organic origin, should be changed every 25 years of operation. In houses built according to Finnish technology, there is no expanded polystyrene.

Finnish glued laminated timber

If the technology for the manufacture of glued laminated timber has been sustained, then an excellent construction material, which is part of all load-bearing frame structures. Thanks to special processing, the service life of glued beams can reach several centuries. Since the technology is new, there is no actual evidence for this claim yet. Nevertheless, judging by the houses that have already stood for 50 years and no changes are observed, then a hundred years, this will at least last.

The advantages of glued beams are obvious:

• there are no cracks, however, like other shortcomings of ordinary wood;
• the beam has a sufficiently high strength;
• has exceptional heat and sound insulation qualities;
• does not deform during drying (shrinkage up to 1%);
• waterproof;
• protected from rodents, insects and fungus;
• fire resistant;
• environmentally friendly, and therefore safe for the human body;
• practically no additional finishing is required.

Construction of frame houses using Finnish technology

Foundation for a frame house

Based on the fact that all components in the construction of houses built using Finnish technology are very light, there is no need to lay a deep and powerful foundation. The exception is unstable soils. In this case, a strip foundation is laid, but not deep or, alternatively, columnar. At the same time, the savings in building materials are very noticeable. When bookmarking strip foundation mortars of concrete or slag concrete are used; for a columnar foundation, a red solid brick or rubble concrete (butoconcrete foundation) is suitable. Simultaneously with the pouring of the foundation, embedded parts are mounted, provided for further tying the wall frame.

Construction of the first floor of a house using Finnish technology

1. Cover device

When the foundation work is completed, the installation of the floor of the first floor is carried out. The so-called draft floor is laid on top of the interfloor overlap. The device of which, starting from the frame, is installed with beams of section 245x100 mm. The width of the inter-beam step is not more than 40 cm. The draft floor is sewn up with plywood having a thickness of 18 mm or more. Now you can start building the frame of the walls.