Do-it-yourself wood planing machine drawings. Homemade jointer with your own hands. Electric planer jointer: manufacturing instructions

Wood processing is often carried out by planing. Planing is a process with linear feeding of wood into the cutting zone, when the cutting plane, cutting surface and machined surface coincide. The planing machine has a shaft with knives that are mounted on a bed and moves around its axis. In this case, the workpiece makes a reciprocating movement. Very popular jointer. A similar woodworking machine has been used at home for the past few years. Industrial models of such equipment are quite expensive, but you can also make a homemade jointer, which can also be used in wood processing.

Main nodes

Before you make a homemade jointer, you need to create drawings and understand the main elements that will be included in the diagram. Usually, planer consists of the following main elements:

1. beds;
2. shaft with a knife;
3. roller;
4. electric motor from which rotation is supplied;
5. several tables;
6. stubborn skate.

The created drawing of a homemade jointer must contain information about the distance at which the electric motor with a roller and the shaft with knives are installed. The circuit determines how much the number of output rotations will be reduced and the power increased.

Manufacturing

We make the bed

The base for the machine is the bed. You can do it yourself, taking into account the following points:

1. A metal profile is most suitable for creating a homemade jointer bed. It is lightweight and easy to dismantle.
2. When creating a drawing, you should take into account that the structure must distribute the load and be stable.
3. All elements must be firmly fixed. The mechanism installed on the bed, taking into account the material being processed, exerts a significant load.
4. The elements are fastened together by welding or threaded connections. If you need a homemade jointer to be mobile and transported if necessary, then you need to choose a threaded connection. Welding is more reliable, but the structure will not be dismountable.

It is worth considering that the jointer must be installed level. Therefore, when connecting all elements, the level is strictly maintained.

Installation of the blade shaft

A homemade jointer, like the industrial version, has a drum with knives on the surface, which, when rotated, removes wood from the surface of the workpiece. The installation features of this element include:

1. The drum is a mechanism that consists of two bearings, a blade and a central shaft to which rotation is transmitted.
2. It is almost impossible to make blades with your own hands, since this requires a lathe and a vertical milling machine.
3. The drum is installed on the frame through bearings that have special fastenings.
4. The mechanism with blades must be firmly attached to the base, since it is on this unit that the entire load is concentrated.
5. A belt pulley must be installed at the end of the output shaft. At the same time, you can make it yourself. The profile of this element should be selected to match the belt profile.

Many drawings have a diagram in which the blades are mounted on an axis in the central part of the bed.

Table

The design has two tables, which are located on opposite sides of the drum. The complexity of their manufacture lies in the fact that the fastening mechanism must rigidly fix the surface. A do-it-yourself jointing machine must have smooth surface tables. This is due to the fact that the wood will be fed under strong pressure. If strong friction occurs between the table and the workpiece, processing becomes significantly more difficult.

In addition, one should take into account the fact that the table must be leveled relative to the drum with blades. In this case, the height must be adjusted, for which a special mechanism is installed. You can create a similar adjustment mechanism with your own hands by using a threaded connection.

One more important point we can say that the table should have a width and length according to what kind of workpieces will be served. You can also make a collapsible mechanism with your own hands.

Motor Drive Installation

Rotation cutting tool derived from electric motor. When considering recommendations for installing an electric motor, consider the following points:

1. It is quite important to choose the right type of electric motor and its power. A homemade planer can remove a fairly large layer of material in one pass. For domestic use, an electric motor with a power of more than 1 kW is suitable. IN Lately Models powered by 220 V are very popular.
2. The machine will work correctly if the electric motor pulley is in the same plane as the drum pulley. This is quite difficult to do; you need to use measuring tools and a level.
3. It is important to choose the correct pulley diameters. The difference in diameters makes it possible to reduce the number of output revolutions, which significantly increases traction force.
4. The belt must be well tensioned. It is worth considering that they are produced according to established standards and have a certain length. Therefore, the distance between the pulleys is carefully measured.
5. It is recommended to create a seat on a homemade jointer for the electric motor with the ability to adjust its position. This will allow the belt to be tensioned when its length has increased due to wear.

Particular attention is paid to the safety of a homemade jointer. The electric motor of the machine must be grounded not through the frame, since under certain circumstances electric shock may occur.

Hard stop

Last structural element, which you can also create with your own hands, is a hard stop. It is necessary to maintain the linear movement of the workpiece along the table. To do this, the craftsman also exerts a transverse force while feeding the workpiece in the longitudinal direction. The emphasis is set to far edge table, you can make it with your own hands from an ordinary piece of wood, for which it is enough to improve the quality of the surface for a minimum degree of roughness.

In conclusion, we note that a homemade jointer is made as safe as possible, since it has a large number of rotating elements. To do this, you can create a special casing from wood or plastic that will cover the electric motor, rollers and belt. You also need to pay attention to the fact that a homemade jointer must have a rigid installation.

Planing equipment is an essential component of a complete woodworking process. Factory-made products are quite expensive, so a homemade jointing machine is quite suitable for home needs.

The purpose of this tool is to longitudinally level a workpiece made of wood or chipboard (materials painted or containing glue can dull the cutting elements of the equipment). After planing on a jointer, the processed side of the workpiece becomes smooth and even, which is necessary for subsequent calibration on planer or milling.

Industrial options are distinguished by their dimensions and significant weight, which provides suppression of vibration arising from rapidly rotating machine parts (up to 12,000 rpm). total length work surface such equipment is 2–2.5 m. The width of the table, which determines the maximum width of the workpiece being processed, is in the range of 400–600 mm.

Simpler jointing machines, which you can make yourself at home, have less weight, size and, accordingly, shaft rotation speed (no more than 6000 rpm). The total length of tabletops on such equipment is 1–1.5 m with a width of 200–300 mm.

Main components of a jointer

• Bed. A massive element that provides structural rigidity, chip removal, and placement of the electric drive.
• Work tables (server and receiver).
• Stop ruler. For planing at an angle.
• Shaft with cutting elements (knives).
• Electric drive. Provides shaft rotation through a belt drive and pulleys.
• Rack or fan type protective mechanism.

Main components of a jointer

Additionally, your jointer can be equipped with a workpiece feed mechanism and an aspiration chip removal system.

Making your own jointer

Before starting any activities to make a machine with your own hands, you will need three things: a project, materials and tools. They are all interconnected, since the project directly depends on what materials are available and what tools are available. If not welding machine and skills to work with it, there is no point in considering a project that involves a welded structure.

The metal structure can also be assembled using bolted connections. This option will have some positive qualities: The bolt-on jointer can be disassembled if necessary without much effort.

For the carpenter the most convenient option – wooden structure, but it is inferior to metal in rigidity and in the service life of some machine elements. In addition, certain nodes cannot be made from wood.

Some components will have to be purchased or ordered. These are parts like:

• shaft with knives, fixing wedges, a set of bearings, yokes;
• electric motor;
• pulleys;
• belt;
• starting device.

To draw up a project, you need to decide what functions the device will perform. The following options are possible:

• Jointer. A device whose purpose is to plan a part on one side without calibration.
• A two-operation machine that also performs the function of a jointer.
• Multi-operational machine. Such devices can be used for sawing, planing, drilling grooves and milling, like a thickness planer.

The jointer is the easiest to manufacture, requiring less tools, material and skills.

Manufacturing of the bed

The main element of the jointing machine, it will contain work tables, a shaft with knives and a stop ruler. A drive will be installed in the frame body, and chip removal will also be implemented. To make the structure rigid, you will need appropriate material.

• for the upper part on which the countertops are located, a height of 100 mm and a wall thickness of 5 mm is suitable;
• the legs and lower platform can be made from a metal corner (50 mm);
• The structure is fastened together by welding or bolting.

Assembly diagram of the machine bed

Shaft with knives

This unit must be purchased assembled. The kit should include:

• knives;
• bearings with housings (yoke);
• wedges with which the knives are fixed.

The quality of the material and the balancing of such elements made in the factory are much higher than homemade ones.

This unit can be ordered from a turner, providing him with drawings and specifying the details. It’s good if the turner works at an enterprise and has access to balancing equipment.

Desktops

Industrial jointers are equipped with massive cast tabletops with stiffening ribs to prevent deformation during operation. This is unattainable when making it yourself. Therefore, as an optimal solution for arranging a planer platform, it is better to use sheet material. Ideally it should be smooth metal plate 10 mm thick, at most as a last resort– a sheet of plywood.

The plywood must be of sufficient thickness (minimum 10 mm), in addition, you need to pay attention to the quality of the surface - the plane must be flat. It is advisable to use sanded waterproof plywood, without small tubercles or fallen knots. To increase the service life of a plywood tabletop, you can attach a sheet of galvanized metal to its working surface with your own hands.

The serving table is made 2 times longer than the receiving table. This makes it easier to level the workpiece during jointing.

Electric motor

The main parameters that need to be taken into account when choosing an electric drive for your jointer:

• power;
• number of revolutions;
• operating voltage of the power supply network (220, 380 V).

The longer and larger the diameter of the cutting tool, the more powerful the motor will be needed. You can use a low-power drive, compensating for the lack of power with pulleys, but in this case it will not be possible to achieve the speed required for clean processing.

As an example, consider a shaft with a diameter of 100 mm and a length of 300 mm. For stable, long-term operation at speeds of about 6000 per minute, you will need a drive with a power of at least 3 kW. If you change the length in the input data, reducing it to 200 mm, you can use a motor with a minimum power of 2 kW.

As for engine speeds: it is more rational to use a drive that has at least 3000 rpm. Otherwise, to obtain sufficient speed of the cutting tool, you will have to use pulleys.

The operating voltage of the drive depends on the voltage electrical network In workshop. An engine that runs on 380 V will be more powerful and more reliable than an engine with the same rated power, but designed to operate on a 220 V network. But in a home workshop, 380 V is a rarity, and the connection costs so much that these funds can buy an inexpensive factory jointer.

It should be remembered that this is a homemade jointer for household use, and it does not need to be mercilessly loaded, planing the entire width of the knives at 5 mm per pass. Not every industrial unit (especially a modern one) can withstand such loads.

The shaft with cutting elements is attached to the top of the frame in the middle; the exact location depends on the size of the work tables between which it should be located. The shaft and table top must be located in the same plane so that the top point of the cutting tool knives coincides with the top surface of the receiving table.

The feed table is mounted in the same plane as the receiving table, but 1–2 mm lower. This distance determines the thickness of the chips removed in one pass. The quality of planing depends on how accurately the planes of the surfaces coincide, namely, how smooth the planed workpiece will be.

Machine assembly diagram

There are options for adjustable feed plane height using eccentrics or a screw mechanism.

When assembling a jointing machine with your own hands at home, it is very difficult to efficiently implement such a mechanism. It would be an incredible achievement if this equipment would plan smoothly with fixed worktops.

The electric drive is mounted on the lower platform of the frame. It is advisable to use an adjustable platform to install the engine to ensure more comfortable belt tension. The tension mechanism can be implemented using a technological hole in the platform and a screw with a nut as adjusting elements.

Connecting mechanisms

Rotation is transmitted from the engine to the shaft by means of a belt drive through pulleys. The pulley sizes are selected in accordance with the engine power and speed.

For a drive with a rotation of 3000 rpm, a ratio of 1 to 2 can be considered normal. For example, the diameter of the cutting tool pulley is 100 mm, on the drive it is 200 mm. The optimal ratio for DIY assembly can be obtained experimentally and largely depends on the quality and balancing of the rotating parts of the jointer.

The drive is connected to the electrical network using a starting device, in accordance with the instructions of the electric motor.

Alternative option

Simpler and quick way To make a planing machine with your own hands is to use a manual electric planer, having previously modernized it a little. Every self-respecting home carpenter must have such a tool. All that needs to be done is to make a device to fix it.

The easiest option for making a machine with your own hands is to use sheet material as a base.

A jointer performs the functions of planing wooden edges, faces, boards, and bars in order to ensure a smooth surface. An electric jointer has a fairly simple operating principle and a simple design, which allows you to assemble the unit yourself from available tools and materials.

Before you purchase a jointing machine, or assemble this device yourself using an electric planer, you should learn a little about the structure and operating features of the unit.

• In the slot on the work table there is a knife shaft, which moves due to an electrical installation - an electric motor;
• The shaft is designed to perform the main function - planing;
• The workpiece moves towards the knife shaft due to the roller assembly;
• Supports help tilt the workpiece at different angles;
• By moving the workpiece up or down, you adjust the resulting thickness of the product;
• The machine table top is divided crosswise into two sections;
• The front section is located lower than the rear;
• The back should be level with the highest points where the jointer knives are located;
• The difference between the heights of the sections determines the thickness of the layer that is cut from the tree by the shaft of knives, that is, the knives of the machine;
• The SF 4 jointing machine, like most of its analogues, has a cast iron tabletop;
• To increase the level of comfort during operation, guide measuring devices are installed on the jointer unit;
• In addition to knives, in order to improve performance and increase functionality, additional devices are installed on the jointing machine. This makes it possible to obtain circular jointing and slotting installations in one housing.

As for the device, there are several main points to highlight.

1. The knife shaft can be single-sided or double-sided.
2. The one-sided blade shaft allows you to process one piece of wood.
3. The double sided knife shaft has important advantage— it can simultaneously process a workpiece in two planes.
4. The knife shaft can have different diameters. How larger diameter knife shaft, the higher the quality of the processed workpiece. This should be taken into account if you decide to make a jointer unit yourself.
5. There are two types of knives on the machine.
6. Single-edge knives are models that are subject to periodic sharpening. By sharpening, single-edge knives can be restored and their service life can be significantly extended.
7. Double-edge jointer knives are single-use planer tools. In their case, sharpening is impossible.

Do it yourself

Tables, knives, specifications electric planer, the requirements imposed by the jointer unit, the ability to sharpen knives with your own hands - all this makes it possible self-assembly similar equipment.

No one argues that Kraton 204 or Felisatti are wonderful factory models that have excellent technical characteristics, high-quality tables, and sharp knives. But the same Kraton 204 can well be replaced with an analogue, assembled by yourself, if you need a machine for working at home.

It is impossible to promise complete similarity of a home unit with the characteristics of Kraton 204. But you can get closer to the capabilities of the popular Kraton 204 machine or its analogues by assembling the unit from an electric planer with your own hands.

We offer you two options on how you can assemble decent machine models with your own hands using an electric planer and other auxiliary materials.

First example

If you have a good electric planer, which has good technical characteristics, you can assemble tables in a few hours, install knives with the ability to sharpen and get a decent jointer unit.

An electric planer has its advantages, but it cannot plane smoothly. Therefore, it is necessary to slightly correct its characteristics, modernize the device, turning it into a full-fledged jointer unit. Experts advise using an electric planer model that has sliding blade guards. When moving the workpiece along the machine, the guards are removed. Quite a lot important detail- These are fasteners with the knives facing up, included with the electric planer.

To work you will need:

• High quality boards;
• Ten plywood;
• Self-tapping screws;
• Fasteners (nuts, bolts, washers).

If everything is ready, we proceed to assembling the machine.

1. The base for the jointer can be made from boards. You need to assemble a box that does not have a bottom or a lid. The length of the drawer directly determines how long the tables of your DIY model will be.
2. Place a sheet of plywood on top of the box with a hole made for the electric plane platform.
3. A couple more sheets are placed on top. They will act as the front and back plates. For the receiving sheet, choose a material that is 2 mm thicker.
4. Make sure the countertops are parallel.
5. Process the edges of the plywood, sand them, and secure them with self-tapping screws.
6. Fasten the fasteners for the electric planer, allowing you to install it with the knives up, on the bottom sheet. Install the tool on it.
7. Make ears from wood and thread bolts through them. With their help, the height of the electric planer will be adjusted in relation to the work table.
8. Make and install a side stop. It is made from a sheet of plywood.

Second example

If you want to get more significant characteristics close to Kraton 204, you should pay attention to complex homemade installations. The presented example is much closer to the previous one to the Kraton 204 model; it may have knives with a sharpening function, which will significantly improve the characteristics.

• A master with some experience can assemble such a unit, the characteristics of which are not far from Kraton 204;
• Be sure to arm yourself with drawings so that there are no problems during assembly;
• For assembly you will need an electric motor, the characteristics of which provide a power of 1.5 kW;
• The motor will be connected to the shaft using a drive belt;
• Whether you use disposable knives or sharpenable knives is up to you;
• Weld the frame from metal pipes, corners and rectangular profiles;
• Welded to the frame base plate, a pair of side bars and a base for the stroke screw;
• The side strips are mounted so that the guide has free movement. For these purposes, provide appropriate clearances;
• Installation lead screw carried out on a support, after which it is welded with a welding machine;
• The front plate will consist of a guide and a top section. They are connected by sides;
• Carefully measure the end elements of the slabs, make sure they are parallel, after which you can carefully sand them;
• You can make the knife shaft yourself, or entrust this task to a professional turner;
• To make the sides identical, fold and grind them together, drill a hole, placing them side by side. After drilling, insert temporary studs, and when the sides and guides are welded, they can be removed;
• Install a knife shaft with a diameter of up to 11 cm. The length of the knives can be 200 mm;
• Raise the front tabletop to the level of the shaft so that its edge is parallel to the axis of the shaft. Now apply markings and make holes for the screws of the shaft supports. This is how the shaft is installed on bearings;
• Fix the back tabletop so that it is motionless.

The price of a Kraton 204 type machine will be from 30 thousand rubles. A unit with the ability to sharpen knives can be assembled with your own hands for literally several thousand. The choice is yours.

All photos from the article

Wood processing often involves removing a certain layer from it. This can be done manually, but it is best to use a special mechanism. If you like to make from wood blanks various products, you just need to purchase or construct a household wood planer. Today we will deal with the second case.

Equipment capabilities

What you can do with a planer:

• various furniture for cottages and apartments;
• fence;
• stairs; (See also article.)
• prepare the cladding;
• renew old wood that has darkened over time.

The photo shows one of the options for a multifunctional wood cutting machine with a cantilever engine located on the side of the circular saw

We make a planing machine ourselves

Like any equipment that uses rotating parts and consists of several components, it is quite complex to manufacture. It’s very good if you have some experience working with it, which will be very useful when designing and implementing your plan.

In fact, we will construct a mini-complex where we can use wood:

• saw along and across the fibers, for which you will need a circular saw;
• plan;
• grind and ;
• sharpen;
• drill.

The equipment will consist of 2 machines:

1. Circular saw with jointer.
2. Turning and drilling.

In this case, the first will be a kind of support for the second. We are more interested in the first one, so we will talk about it later in the article.

Scheme

1. An aggregate layout will be used - a circular saw and jointing knives are placed on the same rotor shaft.
2. It will be possible to simplify the equipment as much as possible and increase its functionality.
3. In this case, the placement of the main components and assemblies is as rational as possible.

Alas, it will not be possible to make a machine only from parts made by yourself, so you will have to involve professionals with their machine park. This mainly concerns the main shaft and seats for bearings.

But, no one forbids you to adapt to it the parts available on the farm, when they belonged to other mechanisms, for example, a frame from sewing machine. Moreover, it is often possible to do this without any special alteration of the latter.

Let's look at the equipment details:

Advice: the nut on the rotor must have a right-hand thread, then it will self-tighten during operation.

Drive unit

1. For normal operation of such equipment, it is necessary to purchase a three-phase 380 V electric motor with a power of at least 3 kW.
2. The operation of the main shaft will be carried out using a double-ribbed V-shaped belt.
3. The engine can be attached in a cantilever position, secured inside the frame, which will solve the problem of the necessary belt tension. You should also consider a stationary method, but then you need to make a slide to adjust it.

1. The higher the speed of the working shaft, the cleaner the wood processing will be. Therefore, two pulleys of different diameters should be used, and the larger one should be on the engine.
2. Supply power to the motor via a 4-wire cable, taking all measures to ground the equipment. The machine should be turned on using an automatic machine, which, in the event of a short circuit or overload, will instantly turn it off.

1. It is necessary to periodically carry out preventive maintenance of the equipment:

• inject bearings;
• check the reliability of the knives;
• assess the condition of the teeth of a circular saw;
• inspect the belts;
• check the electrical cable.

1. Do not forget that this equipment is dangerous during operation due to rotating parts, so they should be covered with a cover.
2. During work, be extremely careful and follow safety rules.
3. During the planing and cutting process, do not use excessive force to speed up the process.

1. Install above your workplace good lighting, and do not clutter up the space near the machine with unnecessary things.
2. Pay attention to the floor surface - it should not be slippery.

Tip: Use rubber mats or conveyor belts to prevent accidents.

1. It is advisable to work together if you have to plan long workpieces - one at the feed, the second at the reception.
2. If you have to cut a large layer, remove the shavings from the table more often or use a dust extractor.

Making a jointer on a wooden bed

The instructions below will tell you everything step by step:

1. Prepare the motor and main shaft.

   

2. Draw the model on the computer or by hand.

   

3. Draw the equipment details to scale.

   

4. Prepare a place for the rotor bearings.

   

5. Place the motor and rotor on the frame and connect them with a belt.

   

6. Make a mechanism for the feed table that can be raised and lowered.

   

7. Install a birch plywood feed table.

   

8. Attach steel plates on top.

   

9. The machine is ready.

Conclusion

It is best to make a planing machine multifunctional so that you can not only plane workpieces, but also cut them, drill, chisel, and also polish them. The main element - the main shaft - should be ordered by a professional turner. The power of the electric motor should be approximately 3 kW at 1500 rpm, and for better processing of parts, pulleys of different diameters should be installed on the motor and rotor.

The frame of the machine must be massive and reliable, for which use channel No. 5 with a wall thickness of 8-10 mm, although it can be wood. All rotating elements must be covered with a casing. The video in this article will give you the opportunity to find additional information on the above topic.

Making a jointer with your own hands, if you have at least basic knowledge about the structure of this tool, is not at all difficult. The task is greatly simplified if you have an old electric planer in your arsenal - it will become the main component of a home planer.

Planer drawing.

The jointer is widely used in wood processing - with its help it is easy to make the surface smooth, get rid of unevenness and roughness, and give lumber a neat appearance. Having such a multifunctional tool at hand will significantly expand your woodworking capabilities. With a jointer it is easy to assemble furniture yourself, make lining or parquet.

Purpose of the jointer

Design diagram of a jointing machine.

Working with wood can be not only a pleasant hobby, but also an opportunity to provide all the necessary interior items. With specialized tools available homemade furniture in quality and appearance will differ little from factory-produced analogues. A jointer is one of these tools; it makes it possible to make the surface of the wood perfectly smooth, prepare it for gluing, varnishing or applying decorative pattern.

A jointer, or jointer, is a tool for finishing lumber of large lengths and widths. Processing is carried out by removing a small (1-2 mm) layer of material using a rotating shaft into which sharp blades made of hardened metal are mounted.

The principle of operation of a jointer is identical to the operation of a plane, with the difference that the jointer is fixed in place, and the material being processed moves. The increased length of the device allows it to be used to give beautiful view wide flat surfaces

Selection of components for the jointer

Guards for the knife shaft of a jointing machine.

In order to assemble a jointer from an electric planer, it is not at all necessary to disassemble it new tool. A plane that was previously used for its intended purpose is quite suitable. The disadvantage of some modern models of such devices is that their plastic casing becomes loose over time and cracks and chips appear on it. It becomes unsafe to work with such a plane, but it fully meets the requirements for creating a jointing machine. All you need to do is turn the plane over and secure it in this form in a pre-prepared workbench.

Choosing an electric planer model is one of the important points when assembling the machine. Most models have a planing width of 82 mm, which fully satisfies the needs of home use. More expensive and powerful planes are equipped with a 100 or 110 mm shaft. In the latter case, such parameters make it possible to run boards and beams 10 cm wide through the tool, without leaving untreated areas.

It is worth paying attention to additional functions electric planer: some models are already equipped from the factory with special devices that allow you to turn the tool into a full-fledged jointing machine. Such a plane can be fixed with the sole up, while safety of operation is ensured by a spring-loaded protective casing.

If there is a need to process materials whose width exceeds 110 mm, then doing this with an electric planer will be very inconvenient, since the board will have to be run several times, which increases time and reduces the accuracy of the work. In this case, it is worth considering the possibility of assembling a powerful jointer, the main components of which will be a separate shaft and a powerful electric motor. Although the cost of the shaft is often more than half the price of all materials, having such a tool in your arsenal, you will no longer be limited in your woodworking capabilities.

Diagram of the conveyor mechanism of a jointing machine.

The planing width of a full-fledged jointer equipped with a shaft ranges from 25 to 85 cm or more, but one must take into account the fact that the increase this parameter entails an increase in engine energy consumption.

Optimal engine power depends on several parameters:

• shaft width;
• number of knives;
• width of processed lumber.

The relationship is direct: the greater the importance of the listed parameters, the higher the engine power should be. For home machines, 1.5-2 kW motors have proven themselves well. The shaft rotation speed of such machines is 4-4.5 thousand revolutions per minute, the width of the processed material is 25-40 cm.

Assembling a jointer

The jointer is assembled in several stages. First, you should assemble the body of the workbench, into which the electric planer will subsequently be mounted. The body looks like a normal one wooden box without bottom. It is covered on top with a thick sheet of plywood, in which a hole is cut for installing a plane. The plywood will bear the weight of the tool, and to work with the material it must be covered with two more sheets, the thickness of which will differ by 1-2 mm. They are installed on the right and left sides of the plane. Thin plywood in this case, it plays the role of a serving table, and thick plywood acts as a receiving table.

Planer table design.

The principle of interaction between the feeding and receiving tables is extremely simple: the lumber, moving along one half of the workbench, reaches the plane, and a layer of chips 1-2 mm thick is removed from it. The already processed wood ends up on the receiving part of the table, where it takes a stable position, thereby allowing the rest of the board to pass over the plane. In addition to the support function, this reduces vibration and makes it possible to provide reliable support during work.

Assembling a jointer with a shaft is a little more difficult, but if you have experience it will not take much time. Such a machine consists of similar parts - a housing, a feeding and receiving table, and a compartment for collecting chips. Not superfluous in such a model homemade device there will be a speed reducer, which will allow you to reduce the speed of rotation of the shaft to pass problem areas - significant irregularities, knots, etc. Of great importance is the calculation and precise adjustment of all elements of the housing to each other, ensuring reliable mounting of the engine and perfect alignment desktops.

Safety precautions when working

The jointer, due to the combination of dangerous factors - high shaft rotation speed and the presence of sharp blades, is a potentially traumatic equipment. Working with it requires strict adherence to a number of safety rules. Especially it concerns homemade instruments: incorrect calculation of the elements that make them up often leads to fatal consequences. To avoid problems when working with a jointing machine, you need to adhere to the following requirements:

Planing techniques.

1. Before starting work, you need to wait until the shaft reaches maximum speed.
2. Under no circumstances should the working tool be inspected, lubricated or cleaned of chips during operation. To do this, you need to stop the machine, turn off the power and only then start servicing.
3. During processing small parts, the length of which does not exceed 40 cm and the width - 5 cm, you should use a special vertical stop. It looks like a thick board, which is fixedly attached to the feeding work table.
4. To increase operational safety, the jointer shaft can be equipped with a special protective flap. When the material moves forward, it moves away, and after processing is completed, it returns to its original position using a spring system. The blades of the shaft remain closed from accidental contact.
5. Lighting is of great importance - all work must be carried out under the light of a powerful lamp, or outside.

Compliance with these simple rules will help make your work not only fast, but also completely safe.

Conclusion on the topic

The jointer is powerful tool which provides its owner the broadest opportunities when working with wood.

The cost of such a home-made device is several times lower than its factory counterparts, and the range of functions and reliability with the right approach to design are practically the same. .

Homemade jointer with your own hands

What do you need to make a homemade jointer with your own hands? First you need to decide on the types of this tool.

There are three types of jointer.

1. The first is manual, reminiscent of an elongated plane.
2. The second is an electric plane that looks like a circular saw with a horizontal knife.
3. And the third is a jointer.

Its main parts are the statina and the jointing shaft.

How to make a jointer with your own hands?

The proposed version of the jointer will allow you to easily process workpieces longer than 60 cm. The basis of this woodworking machine is a manual electric plane Russian production- Interskol.

The power tool has been slightly modified. For example, the original soles were removed. And additional holes are cut in the plastic body for easier release of chips from the plane.

To create a jointer, you will need a table to which an electric plane will be attached from below. The base of the machine table top is made of two corners soldered to each other. The total length of the working surface is 130 cm.

The photo shows the holes with which the plane will later be attached.

1) For precise and high-quality processing of wood, a stop is required. It must be welded perpendicular to the work surface. The same stop is welded on the other side.

2) Then the guide can be screwed to the welded stops. You can use flat boards as a guide. In our case, this is a piece of chipboard.

A very important point is that the serving and receiving parts of the table are at different levels. More precisely, the entire feeding part is 1 mm lower. This difference allows you to cut off a layer 1 mm thick from the workpiece. The feeding and receiving parts are connected to each other by two parts on the sides. The connecting parts in our case are a cut channel.

The table is assembled together using electrode welding. 2.5 mm electrodes were used so as not to burn through the metal. Welding was done by spot welding.

The machine stands on 3 legs. On one side there are two thin legs made of metal pipes, and on the other side there is a thicker leg. To answer the question why exactly 3 legs, you need to remember the geometry. After all, a plane can be drawn through any three points. A machine with three legs will stand firmly even on an uneven floor, while a four-legged machine will wobble in this case.

And in order to prevent the entire machine from falling apart, two diagonals were welded metal pipes. This increased the strength of the structure.

Once the table is assembled and ready, you can begin attaching the power tool. As connecting elements Standard mounting screws are used. They attached the original sole. The plane is attached from below. For a tighter fit, you can use a compensating gasket. The photo clearly shows that the gasket adds thickness.

By leaning the plane against the bottom and aligning the bolts with the holes, you can tighten the mounting bolts. They should be wrapped securely. So that the plane does not fall off later. Now you can turn on the assembled homemade jointer and feel free to work on it.

Video: homemade jointer.

Video: second part.

Video: third part.

metmastanki.ru

How to make a wood jointer

Woodworking is not one of the most difficult. Therefore, it is performed not only on an industrial scale, but also at home. Many craftsmen manage to make various objects from wood: chairs, windows, etc. This is achieved through a process called planing.

Joining machine

An excellent assistant in this process is a special tool - a jointing machine. It can be found in many construction stores. It is presented in a large assortment. Products differ in their sizes and other characteristic features.

Joining machine

It is also worth noting that the cost of such a tool is rather high. In this regard, many are looking for ways to make it themselves. As practice shows, this is quite possible. Moreover, the resulting machine will not be inferior in quality to the purchased one.

Advantages of the machine

Wood processing involves the use of different equipment. Each of them is responsible for performing a certain stage of work.

Homemade machine

As practice shows, the most popular tool is a jointer. And this is not surprising. After all, it has many advantages.

The main ones include:

• Wide range of applications. Used to perform various tasks;
• Tool cost. You can find inexpensive versions of it on the market, and if you wish, you can make it yourself. The same cannot be said about many other equipment.

Application of stonk

This machine is used for processing massive beams. It is also used when working with small boards. For example, in the manufacture of chairs, tables and other things. It is convenient and reliable, easy to use and does not require special care.

Preparation wooden surface

The machine is intended directly for preparing a wooden surface for further processing. Moreover, it is carried out as accurately as possible. In other words, the tool allows you to plan a part in a curved manner. This procedure is performed on edges or planes. In addition, it is used when chamfering products at a certain angle.

How to do it?

Making a wood jointing machine with your own hands is not difficult. The main thing is to approach the work competently. This will allow you to get a durable, high-quality and accurate machine. Moreover, its service life will be as long as possible. Tool replacement will only be required if more is needed. modern model machine

Machine drawing

The production of the tool consists of different stages works that are interconnected, and each of them plays its own important role. First you need to study the features of the machine. After this, prepare a drawing of the future equipment. You can do this yourself or contact specialists.

A drawing of a jointing machine is shown in the photo. It consists of several basic elements. These include the frame, shaft, knife, roller, motor electric type, which provides the device with rotational movements, tables, and a thrust ridge.

The drawing should contain a lot of information. First, let’s talk about what the future installation will look like and what the distance between the elements should be. As a result, this will allow you to determine the number of spins that you will receive upon exit. In addition, he will talk about increasing power.

A factory-made wood jointer, such as the Jet wood jointer, is a simple design. When making it, it is worth considering many nuances. The main one lies in the materials that are used. A metal profile is well suited for a jointer. Its weight is small, so it is easy to work with.

In addition, it is important to consider the distribution of the load that is placed on the machine. This is a guarantee of its stability. The parts are firmly fixed in the required position. The mechanism that is mounted on the frame has a large load. This must be taken into account when processing the material.

To connect all the elements, welding is used. It ensures their strong fastening. If the machine is to be moved, it should be easy to disassemble. In this case, it is better to give preference threaded connection. If we talk about reliability, then this design is slightly inferior to the previous one. The main disadvantage of welding is that the installation will not be dismountable.

Installing a jointer also has many considerations. Only if they are followed will the design work efficiently and for a long time. The first thing to consider is that it is mounted as evenly as possible. The level will help you achieve this. It is necessary to strictly adhere to its parameters.

How to install a shaft with a knife?

Installing a shaft with a knife is a responsible job. The performance of the entire installation depends on the quality of its implementation. Therefore, it must be approached as responsibly as possible. Any jointer consists of a drum with knives that are located on its surface, as shown in the photo below. When rotating, it performs the main task of installation - removing wood from the surface of the workpiece.

Such an installation has its own characteristics. The drum that is attached consists of several parts. This includes bearings, a cutting element and a shaft installed in the center. Together they form a single shaft. Moreover, you will need to buy blades, since it is impossible to make them yourself.

The drum is installed using bearings. They provide a strong and reliable fastening. In addition, it is worth paying attention Special attention blade mechanism. It is located on the base. It must be firmly attached, because the entire load of the device is marked here. As for the output of the shaft, a roller is attached to it, on which the belt will be placed in the future. This part can be made independently. The main thing is that the profiles of the element and the belt match.

You can watch the video on how to make a household wood jointer. It is shown below. It clearly shows the entire process from start to finish. At the same time, its features and subtleties are taken into account. This is a great helper when making your own installation.

metall.trubygid.ru

JOINER WITH YOUR OWN HANDS | Wood, bone and stone carving

Chapter:

date of publication 08/05/2013 at 13:39

• 32255 views
• elected (2)

The planer is designed for chamfering at an angle and straight one-sided planing of wood products along a plane. I present for public consideration and discussion a small-sized homemade jointing machine.