Art parquet For centuries it was considered an exclusive accessory of palace interiors. But thanks to the achievements modern technology and the presence of developed woodworking industries became available for residential premises.
Features and types of artistic parquet
Most characteristic features artistic parquet are:
- The use of different types of wood in the drawing, including oak, maple, walnut, ebony and mahogany, Karelian birch, etc.
- Formation of complex mosaic and ornamental patterns from several types of basic details.
- Production of artistic parquet elements with the highest precision (up to ±0.05 mm).
- The use of a multi-layer sub-base for the installation of parquet, which provides for the fastening of parquet elements to the intermediate layer of waterproof plywood.
- Multi-layer (7-9 layers) lacquer with sanding and polishing between layers, which provides gloss and apparent depth of the floor surface.
In the manufacture of artistic parquet, mechanical high-precision cutting is widely used. It provides cutting out elements of any shape, including fragments of complex floral ornaments.
IN Lately a competitor to machining is laser cutting. Its possibilities are huge, but there are also disadvantages. The fact is that when processing wood with a laser, a charred edge inevitably forms on the edges. Over time, it collapses and cracks may form in the beautiful pattern of the floor, which will have to be puttied. According to the composition, the coating patterns are geometric ornaments or picturesque curvilinear patterns, most often of a vegetative nature.
The main techniques for arranging floors from artistic parquet:
1. Intarsia
This is a painting composition. Inserted into the main wood species of the front layer (general background) separate fragments wood of other species, most often colored.
intarsia
2. Marquetry
This is a geometric composition. The pattern of the front cover is drawn from individual planks, different in color and texture. The planks are tightly fitted one to the other and glued to the base of the shield.
3. Combination of intarsia and marquetry
4. Count
Wood engraving. With this technique, you can create various patterns on the main background by cutting thin grooves. Ebony fibers are inserted into the grooves.
The nature of the pattern of the front cover is always associated with the design of the walls and ceiling of the room. In relatively strict rooms of a regular rectangular shape, without frills in decorations, parquet with geometric patterns is arranged. In round and curvilinear rooms, with stucco decorations and rich ceiling decoration, parquet with a pattern of a picturesque composition is laid. In this case, the pattern of the front cover is combined with the design of the ceiling.
Laying strip parquet
The traditional art floor is made from block parquet various types of wood. In this case, various inserts and borders are widely used. The drawing can be made up of whole planks laid in a certain way and sawn in half (figure below).
Planks can look like wedges, triangles. The drawing in this case will be more complicated, the combinations are more intricate.
Further, the strips themselves can be carriers of a certain pattern. In this form, they are very similar to curbs, but with the difference that the curbs do not have grooves for fastening. Laying artistic parquet, including a large number of planks of various geometries involves the involvement of qualified specialists who also have the appropriate tool for laying such floors. There are a number of companies that, in addition to manufacturing the artistic parquet itself, provide services in terms of the production of works on laying artistic floors of the most varying degrees of complexity. In such firms, they will help you choose a general artistic solution for your future floor, select the most suitable materials.
Laying piece art parquet is a painstaking task
Returning to the issue of laying artistic parquet, it must be said that there are two ways to implement it:
First way. In the factory, the details of the artistic drawing are glued under pressure onto the shield. In this form, the shields go on sale. The buyer can only fit these shields to each other on the spot and varnish. The disadvantage of this method is that it is practically very difficult to achieve accuracy when fitting the shields. This can be confirmed by anyone who has experience in laying panel parquet.
The second way. All components of artistic parquet (planks, curly cuts, inserts, etc.) are laid directly on site on a pre-prepared base. Of course, this is a more painstaking way, but it allows you to get guaranteed quality coatings.
Of course, for such styling it is necessary to use only high-quality components. The recommended thickness of parquet planks is 15 mm. With such a thickness, the useful layer (up to the groove or ridge) will be 7 mm, which is not much thinner than that of a 22 mm thick plank.
At the same time, strips with a thickness of more than 15 mm significantly lose their elasticity, which affects the quality of fitting to each other and fastening to the base. The convenience of using strips of 15 mm thickness is also in the fact that this is the most common thickness for most manufacturers. Therefore, it is always possible, in case of shortage, to pick up strips of such a thickness, because. there are always more for sale.
Parquet planks with reverse sides We should have perpendicular slots along the entire length to almost half the thickness. Most firms produce strips with ready-made slots. If there are no such slots, then the planks can bristle during installation and deform due to moisture at the ends. This, in turn, will necessitate more frequent sanding of the floors. Parquet planks must also have a good geometry. This means that when paired with flat surface several strips should not form any gaps and drops. The edges should not have chips, be smooth and even. Excludes the presence of cracks on both the front and back sides of the slats.
Concerning the question wood quality , from which parquet is made, then, as already mentioned, on the first place is oak . Other types of wood are significantly inferior to oak in a number of characteristics. Beech and ash, for example, have increased hygroscopicity and an increased coefficient of expansion when wet. conifers wood have good performance, but differ in their softness. As for the exotic tree species that have appeared on the market, the material of which is used for the manufacture of parquet flooring, many of them have an increased resin content and their suitability in our climatic conditions has not yet been fully studied.
Laying parquet on plywood
Concrete screed in modern conditions is the most common base for laying parquet flooring. But this base loses compared to the moisture-resistant plywood construction.
Base for artistic parquet with
moisture resistant plywood.
1 - multilayer varnish coating; 2 - planks of piece parquet;
3- parquet glue; 4 - sheets of moisture-resistant plywood (40 × 40 cm);
5 - waterproofing layer (biscuit mastic or film); 6-
primer (soil); 7 - coupler; 8 - floor slab; 9 - parquet
nail; 10 - dowels
The fact is that concrete and wood are too different materials and accordingly react differently to fluctuations in temperature and humidity in the room. For this reason, cracks may appear in the parquet planks, which will gradually come to the surface. The presence of a layer of plywood will play the role of a shock absorber between the concrete screed and the wood of the parquet plank. Plywood, as it were, compensates for the difference in the stresses of concrete and wood and does not transfer these stresses to the parquet. If cracks in the planks nevertheless occur, they will be much smaller (both in number and in depth of penetration) and will not reach the surface of the coating.
How to choose the thickness of the plywood layer for a specific type of parquet planks? The rule here is simple - the thickness of the plywood should be equal to the thickness of the parquet planks or slightly thinner than them.
Let us dwell in more detail on the design using moisture-resistant plywood as a base.
to a properly prepared concrete screed with a moisture content of not more than 12%, a primer is applied. The primer will bind the dust and improve the quality of the adhesion (gluing) of the mastic to the concrete.
Then a layer of mastic "biscuit" is applied, which acts as a waterproofing layer. Instead of mastic, you can use a film (polyethylene, polypropylene) with foil, which is laid on a screed with a mandatory overlap of layers of at least 8-10 cm. Moisture-resistant plywood squares (usually 40 × 40 cm) are placed on the “biscuit” mastic (or film) . These squares are prepared ahead of time by cutting a standard plywood sheet into four pieces. This is done in order to eliminate excessive stresses in the plywood layer itself and to ensure a better fit of the plywood to the screed. The gap between the squares of plywood should be within 3-5 mm.
Each square is aimed at the floor slab (through the coupler) along the perimeter and in the center (5-8 metal dowels). On the finished plywood base, you can start laying artistic parquet.
Planks will be attached to plywood boards with nails or glue. As for the glue, in this case, domestic KS, KSU, etc. are unlikely to fit. It will be necessary to use foreign adhesives such as Tarbicol or Franklin.
After laying the parquet flooring, it must be sanded with a tape grinder in several passes. After every three passes, the abrasive grit will decrease from 60 to 120 units. All three passes are carried out in different directions: twice in mutually perpendicular directions at an angle of 45° to the wood fiber and once - along the line of incidence of light: from the window to the door.
At the end of the grinding process, the seams between the parquet planks are puttied with special compounds such as "BONA", "SPAKELLI", etc. The choice of putty depends on what type of coating will be chosen, varnish, oil, other compounds. Rubbing putty into the seams should be done with a spatula from of stainless steel to the entire depth of the seam (gap, crack).
Excess putty must be removed from the floor surface immediately. When the applied putty hardens, you need to make another pass.
Remember that all remnants of putty that are not removed from the floor surface before varnishing will subsequently give whitish spots and spoil the overall impression of the work done.
So, the final grinding is completed, the floor surface is vacuumed. You can start final finishing artistic parquet flooring. If a decision is made to varnish the floor, then it is necessary to decide which varnish is better - matte or high-gloss, water-dispersion or synthetic. The first two completely depend on the taste of the customer, while the choice of water-dispersion varnish is preferable where it is necessary to exclude the presence of any harmful components and ensure high fire safety.
Synthetic varnishes lose water-dispersion in terms of impurities and fire safety, but are superior in strength, wear resistance and elasticity of the coating. In addition, these varnishes, as well as two-component (reactive) varnish compositions allow you to increase the color saturation of the floor covering, to achieve a change in the overall color tone of the wood.
It is recommended to apply an additional primer coat before applying the varnish. It can be either an independent composition or an included component in the applied varnish, which is diluted for this with a solvent by 20-40%. In some cases, a primer coat can help keep the lighter shade of the wood. The very choice of primer composition depends on what type of varnish will be used. The roller with which the primer will be applied is not recommended for applying a varnish coating.
In order to obtain a high-quality surface, it is advisable to sand each intermediate layer of varnish, followed by cleaning with a damp cloth.
In addition to the varnish coating, beeswax-based mastics can be used. The surface of the floor thus acquires the structure of silk and retains the natural charm of wood.
A separate group is made up of oil coatings (impregnation) of the floor. These coatings are based on oils. plant origin(For example - linseed oil). Coatings may include beeswax, rosin, and other components. Oil coatings have the ability to penetrate the wood to a certain depth, increasing the wear resistance of the coating and reducing the hygroscopicity of the wood.
Video about laying artistic parquet:
Artistic parquet has its own substitute - it is cheaper and easier to install panel art parquet. Its laying is similar to that of panel parquet, but has its own characteristics.
Artistic flooring from panel parquet
Structurally boards of an art parquet consist of the basis and a front covering. Most often, the base of the shields is made of pine. The base structure is of two types:
- Single layer base
Shield of artistic parquet with a single layer
basis
a - a whole shield; b - thorns-dobors; 1 - strapping;
2 - cross; 3 - filling
Such a base consists of a strapping, which is made of bars 55-65 mm thick and 110 mm wide, and filling. Filling is planed pine boards 35 mm thick. Boards are connected with a comb. The strapping bars are connected to each other in the corners with an open spike, which is glued with waterproof glue. For the strength of the shield in the middle of the strapping, a crosspiece is built from bars of the same section. The design of such a shield provides resistance to deformation when the temperature and humidity conditions change.
- Double layer base
Shield of artistic parquet with two-layer
basis
1 - front cover; 2 - second layer; 3 - the first layer;
4 - slots
Such a base consists of two layers, which are glued together in a mutually perpendicular direction. These layers have slits: from the top layer in the top plane and from the bottom layer in the bottom plane. The total thickness of the base is 37-43 mm. The front covering of artistic parquet boards is assembled from planks of precious wood according to a given pattern. The slats of the front cover are 6-10 mm thick. Planks are tightly laid according to a given pattern and glued to the base with waterproof glue. The front cover of each shield does not reach its edges by 8-15 mm. These non-laminated quarters are designed to fasten the boards to the floor subfloor using screws.
After laying and fastening the panels, the gaps are filled with plug-in elements (for example, layouts or borders). Inserts may have different configurations.
The inserts are made to tolerances so that the element can be precisely fitted into place before being glued.
Often, artistic shields also have wall extensions (as in the figure of a single-layer shield: b). Dobors are a frieze edging of the floor. The length of the frieze shields is equal to the length of the main shield, and the width is half of its width.
Lags for laying parquet boards
Bases for parquet boards can be very different. Laying can be done on a screed, better - on fiberboard, even better - on moisture-resistant plywood, which we talked about in detail before.
There is no need to dwell on these grounds. But there is another type of foundation - on the logs. More precisely, it will be a lag crate (figure below).
Log crate:
1 - crossbar; 2 - logs; 3 - cutting the crossbar into the logs "on the tooth"
It is based on bars with a thickness of 20 to 40 mm and a width of 30 to 50 mm. The distance between the lags will depend on the size of the shield. Recall that the dimensions of the shields range from 800x800x54 mm to 1000x1000x54 mm. The crate must be arranged so that each shield rests simultaneously on three logs.
Crossbars are cut between the lags. Crossbars are installed from bars of the same section as the logs. To make the crate of the crossbar more rigid, it is cut into the logs for tooth 3. If the crate of the log lies on concrete base or on soundproof gaskets and is not connected with them by fastening, then the crossbars, instead of with notches, are attached to the logs with nails. When the logs are attached to the base (cement-sand mortar) or to the beams, the crossbars remain on the cuts without additional fastenings.
The intersections are fastened with nails or screws. When installing the crate, it is necessary to monitor the correctness of the angles between the lags and crossbars. These corners must be right. After checking the horizontality of the crate, they begin to fasten it to the base with a coating cement-sand mortar M100. If provided by the project, then you first need to hammer nails into the side planes of the lag on both sides. After the crate is arranged, it is necessary to clean the base from debris again.
Laying panel parquet
When the humidity of the coating is below 8%, you can pre-lay out the shields. For laying parquet boards, it is necessary to stretch two mutually perpendicular cords, which must coincide with the axes of the log. Cords should run along the central axes of the room. The first shield is laid in the center of the room so that its edges coincide with the cords.
The figure below shows the fastening of the shield to the crate. Shields are fastened with screws. Before installing the shield in place, holes are drilled in the base strapping at the corners of the shields and in the middle. After installing the shield in place, screws are screwed into the holes. If a place for insertion is left in the center of the shield, then they are also attached to the center of the shield. If the boards are 1000 mm or larger, then two or three holes are drilled on each side of the board, not counting the corner holes.
Design of panel art parquet on logs:
1 - floor slab; 2 - coupler; 3 - lag; 4 - parquet shield;
5 - places of fastening with screws; 6 - insert
The screws are screwed so that their heads do not rise above the surface of the shield binding and do not interfere with further gluing of the inserts. Subsequent shields are laid from the center to the walls. Shields can be stacked in any order. The end shields are adjusted in such a way that there is a gap between the wall and the floor of 10-15 mm.
After all the shields are laid, the inserts begin to be glued. The inserts are adjusted by hand, providing a tight fit to the shields. Inserts are attached with glue. When the glue hardens, the inserts must be cut to the level of the shield, because. they will rise more than 2 mm.
If the artistic parquet in the project is provided with a frieze, then the lathing of the logs is not brought to the walls. A separate base is made under the frieze. As a rule, the frieze is performed at the same level of the finished floor. But it is possible to install a frieze above or below the floor level. If the base under the frieze of cement-sand screed, then its humidity before laying the frieze should not exceed 6%. If the flooring is used as the base, then it should be lower than the mark of the top flooring by the thickness of the parquet plank and interlayer. If it is planned to make a frieze of marble, then before laying the cement-sand base is kept until the solution has completely hardened. The frieze is placed on the mastic.
In the arrangement of artistic floors, curbs are increasingly used. They are those universal elements with which you can make a pattern of any complexity and highlight any part of the floor. Technological features borders allow you to combine them with any parquet, the thickness of which is compatible with them. The ever-increasing need for borders is dictated by the improvement of the technology of laying all types of parquet - from simple piece to highly artistic coating. Borders give any parquet floor more perfect design and completeness of forms. The very artistic solution of the borders is very diverse, as are their geometric shapes. Standard Thickness curbs - 15-16-22 mm.
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The excellent performance of parquet has long been known. In addition to the fact that the coating is absolutely environmentally friendly and practical, it has wonderful aesthetic data that allow you to decorate any room, according to the planned interior. It is worth noting that in last years, manufacturers are increasingly modernizing production lines, resorting to modern developments. This ensures the appearance of unique patterns that amaze the imagination and delight the eye. Now you can easily depict curly drawings, complex geometric shapes and even whole plots on the parquet.
Depending on the desires and requests of customers, manufacturers can produce coatings with any pattern. Artistic ornaments, hieroglyphs, graphic symbols, iconic images are in demand. The main task is to clearly combine the flooring and internal design. That is why professionals should deal with such a delicate process. To appreciate all the diversity, you need to consider in detail the main parquet patterns, as well as get acquainted with the advantages and disadvantages of the patterns.
run-up
This is the most reliable type of installation, since the dies are fastened from all sides, using grooves and ridges. During a visual inspection, you can notice the irregular outlines of this pattern, so the designers emphasize the peculiarity of the place, paying increased attention to it, dividing the room into zones. A chaotic change in direction creates the effect of increasing space, which is very important for narrow corridors.
In the classic version, the “run-up” can be used for any interior, moreover, it is worth noting that this pattern is the cheapest. The least expensive in terms of cost and waste is straight-line laying, with a chaotic direction.
checker
The name was obtained due to the appearance, since the dies, before installation, are assembled into equilateral squares, they are mounted at an angle of 90º relative to each other. To achieve a greater effect, experts recommend using different breeds wood.
When choosing this type of parquet, you need to evaluate the dimensions of the room in which the installation work. Experts do not advise laying large squares in rooms with a small volume, this can lead to a visual decrease in the area. In the hall rooms, it is better to give preference to large drawings. The disadvantages of this method include a large number of cuts of material to form identical squares. Such measures lead to the fact that parts of the connections can be cut off, therefore, the fastening will not be so strong.
Herringbone
This is the classic interpretation. floor covering, known to us since ancient times. In such a pattern, dies of different quality can be used, combining several varieties. The value of the sawing of the material is at around 3-4%, this is due to sawing off the dies, when mounting them to the wall. During the reconstruction, which involves grinding and coating with a top protective layer, some planks can significantly stand out in color from the rest of the products.
Network
This is one of the types of geometric parquet, the appearance of which is striking in its originality. To create the illusion of volume, planks of light and dark wood are arranged next to each other. There are several varieties of this pattern, the difference between which is in the version. During installation, lamellas made of one, two or three types of wood can be used.
Such a pattern will look most advantageous when diagonal laying relative to the walls of the room. However, this requires significant inputs of raw materials, at least 20%.
Basket
Very often it is confused with braided, considering such a variation a subspecies of the previous pattern. The difference between these types is the centering of the lamellae. In a braided line, the rectangles are joined not in the center, but along the edges. As a result, one square with a central insert can be observed.
In the basket, the squares are centered, and their intersection is ensured by longer lamellae. Before installation, you need to carefully calculate all dimensions, this will reduce the amount of waste and save money.
Swede
Parquet planks are laid in pairs. When selecting and laying, you need to pay attention to the fact that adjacent dies, located in the same row, were separated from each other by short lamellas, the length of which is equal to the width of the pair. The ends of the products are sawn off, respectively, there are no grooves and ridges, which leads to an incomplete tie with a rectangle between them. To ensure the integrity of the structure, each subsequent row is shifted by half the length of the bar used.
Frieze
A frieze is a frame of artistic parquet, located between the wall and the edge of the floor covering. This edging occurs around the entire perimeter of the room. In this option, a variety of patterns can be used, including framing with a ruler, vein, or a combination of both.
With the help of such a frieze, all kinds of images are framed, and the developed design acquires a complete look and excellent expressiveness. Such styling is often used for zoning a room, as well as to increase volume.
Square
The basis of this parquet pattern is the well-known pattern used in the flooring of large rooms, a checker. The main difference between these varieties is that here each square is separated from each other by a special "cast-off". This element is made from wood species that differ from the main product. In this case, following the designer's idea, a darker or lighter color scheme is selected.
In the diagonal flooring, you can observe less strict patterns, however, in this regard, the number of parquet dies will increase significantly. To minimize costs, installers prefer to carry out special calculations, with which you can determine the number of checkers needed and draw a complete layout, with the highest accuracy.
In addition to the types of patterns that were listed above, there are additional decorative elements capable of giving the coating an exclusivity. For example, you can combine squares, dies with a short length, and slats standard sizes. A structured board looks very original after installation, the contours of which are processed, dark color wenge. In appearance, this design imitates the presence of a chamfer on the board and clearly outlines each product. In addition to drawing, you can use the technology of cutting edges, it also has an impeccable look.
Parquet is very often the main component of the developed design. With its help, a variety of paintings are formed on the floor, of any level of complexity. The main thing is not to be afraid to experiment and make non-standard decisions. If we take gender as Blank sheet, and the parquet - with bright and saturated colors, the artist will try to create an unsurpassed image that will be an excellent result of the designed interior.
Will never lose its popularity, it is the most noble and sophisticated option for flooring. Parquet remains as beloved as it was many centuries ago. It's stylish, durable and beautiful coverage suitable for any interior. It is parquet that will help create the atmosphere of a royal palace in the most ordinary apartment.
Art parquet is called parquet, which has a complex pattern, lined with planks of various types of wood. Such a coating in itself is the main decoration of the interior, it does not require carpets, because hiding such beauty is a real crime! More budget option seems laminate under artistic parquet.
Artistic parquet production
In order to make artistic parquet, craftsmen use cherry, maple, alder, birch, oak, elm and other tree species. For expensive and more festive parquet, exotic types of trees can be used - sapieha, dussia, iroko, campas.
Parquet can have absolutely any pattern and color. Previously, palace parquet was made by hand. Now the drawing is made on a computer, and all the details are cut out using lasers. This allows you to create any drawing absolutely accurate in terms of composition. Laser technologies help to carve the most openwork ornament, while all the details fit perfectly together, which ensures the parquet for many years of service.
Drawing technology
Depending on what technique the pattern was applied, there are different types of parquet:
- Marketi. Is one of the most popular. All elements of the ornament are inside the cover and form a common whole. To date, this technology is most often used in the creation of artistic parquet.
- Intarsia. Drawings of artistic parquet in the technique of intarsia differ from the market in that they go inside the coating to a certain depth.
- Inlay. The most refined, festive and expensive type of parquet pattern. Masters, in addition to rare species of trees, use metal and stones - amber, onyx, jade. This floor looks just like a king. The manufacture of inlaid parquet requires high skill and precision from the manufacturer. The main disadvantage of parquet for the buyer is its high price.
- Count. ancient way making parquet, which was used many centuries ago. Today it is not used, since the technology was lost.
The choice of artistic parquet should be determined by the style of the entire interior. You can create a drawing for any style. Style parquet modern will be distinguished by smooth lines and curved ornaments. Parquet for a room in the style of classicism will have a strict geometric composition.
Elements of artistic parquet
The choice of ornament and pattern for parquet is quite difficult. There are basic types of floor design that can turn parquet into a real work of art.
- Border. It performs several important functions at once. It allows you to divide the space into several functional areas. With it, you can separate the borders of drawings of different styles. It beautifully frames the floor and brings completeness to the whole composition. The border can be either one-color or repeat any of the elements of the ornament. Most often, plant motifs or silhouettes of animals are used. The border can exist separately or in alliance with the outlet. In any case, it is designed to frame the entire composition and help with the layout of the rooms.
- Socket. The most popular design element of parquet flooring. An oval or round socket is located in the center of the room. The only exception is the case when the socket becomes the key element of any zone in the room.
The rosette pattern may or may not be symmetrical. A true craftsman can create a true masterpiece when working with a rosette design. The size and borders of the outlets can be any.
The socket can be enclosed in a circle or oval, or the borders can be left open. Patterns from its center can blur over the entire area of the parquet. In the manufacture of this artistic element, various types of wood are used - on average, from two to ten types are required. Often the socket is inlaid with stones and metal to give a special luxury to the room.
- Modules. They have the shape of a square, they can consist of one or two types of wood. Modular parquet has an identical pattern on every detail. Most often, geometric patterns are made up of modules. The result is a complete picture. Assembling such a modular mosaic takes much less time than laying out an ornament from different parts.
Care rules
Art parquet is natural material, which has different characteristics depending on the type of wood used. However, all types of wood have common features. Parquet reacts to humidity: high humidity it can expand in size, and when dry, it can narrow. That is why in winter heating season parquet elements can be compressed, then small cracks appear between them.
It should be understood that this is not evidence of the poor quality of the parquet, it is only a sign of its naturalness. Artistic parquet laminate can behave in the same way. In order to avoid cracks in the floor, a normal humidity level should be maintained in the room - from 45% to 60%. This will favorably affect not only the floor covering, but also the health of the household.
The design of the floor influences the appearance of the whole room and therefore should be the basis for a harmonious picture of the whole room. The most beautiful flooring that is relevant at all times is, of course, parquet. However various views parquet countless. Take only oak - both light and dark, covered with wax, varnish or oil ... And if you also take various patterns with which you can lay out individual boards, then the possibilities for decorating a room with parquet become truly countless.
As for the parquet laying patterns, it all depends on the area of the room and its interior. Besides, important role lighting plays. Each pattern affects the proportions of the room and can visually make it, for example, longer or narrower. In this article, you will find an overview of the different parquet patterns and their influence on the design of a room.
Drawing "Run" (or "Deck")
Straight run The plates are stacked parallel to each other in the same direction. Depending on the laying direction, the room can be optically enlarged or reduced. Dies can be shifted both at the same distance, and randomly. Chaotic styling resembles the deck of a ship, hence its name.
Such a pattern of parquet will fit into almost any style, reminiscent of exciting journeys across the endless ocean. This type of installation visually expands the room, so it is also suitable for small rooms. In this case, the choice of wood and, accordingly, the color of the parquet, which should go well with the furniture, is of decisive importance for the interior.
Parquet pattern "Checker" (or "Squares")
Checker (squares) Separate dies in such a pattern are combined into a square, and as a result, a pattern resembling a chessboard appears. The squares are perpendicular to each other. And since the length and width of each figure must, of course, be the same (this is a square, not a rectangle), then such a pattern is only suitable for small plates. However, wide and long dies can also be placed in squares, but in very large rooms.
Left - large squares, right - double herringbone
Figure "Checker" from dark parquet
Parquet pattern "Pletenka"
The dice are arranged in such a way that there is a feeling that the parquet is as if woven. The dice can be arranged diagonally or in squares/rectangles.
Various options for braids
Parquet laying pattern "Basket"
This, in fact, is a kind of "Pletenka", in which one row of dies is "intertwined". The pattern can be made from one or two types of parquet: the central element, which differs in color from the “weave”, creates an attractive contrast.
Drawings "Christmas Tree" and "French Christmas Tree"
To create a Christmas tree pattern, the dies are stacked at the same angle to each other. There are options when 2 or 3 dies are stacked at a time, as in the photo above. Then the pattern is called, respectively, "Double" or "Triple Tree".
French Christmas treeIf the ends of the dies are cut at an angle of 30 or 45 degrees, the French Christmas tree pattern is obtained. This classic pattern is primarily suitable for large rooms: all its charm is revealed only when good lighting providing a play of light and shadow.
"Double tree" in the bedroom
"French tree" in the living room
Complex patterns of parquet laying
From parquet, you can lay out, in principle, any pattern. Complex schemes parquet laying is called "Stained glass", and such laying requires serious skills and great effort.
Of course, these are not all parquet laying patterns, but only the main ones. You can also create your own patterns: combine narrow and wide slabs, parquet in different colors, laying direction... You can create a completely individual design for your floor.
Dies of different widths and textures create a unique pattern
Light angle very important for appearance gender. If the dies are located perpendicular to the light source, the wood texture becomes well visible, and with it the seams. Sometimes this is exactly the effect that is needed: for example, if the parquet is made of solid wood and you want to emphasize it. If, on the other hand, you prefer a smooth flooring, the wood grain will look more uniform when placed parallel to the light.
Perpendicular arrangement of the parquet to the light source emphasizes the grain of the wood
Floor smoothness also depends on the quality of parquet sanding. Perfectly polished parquet will resemble the water surface in calm weather. And if you can lay the parquet yourself, then special equipment is required for its grinding. Contact the professionals: http://shlifmaster.ru/ciklevka.
Well sanded parquet
Direction, in which the individual dies are located, is of great importance. The room will look wider if the dice are "stretched" along long wall, which is especially important for long narrow corridors and rooms.
At the same time, the installation pattern of the "Checker" package does not affect the perception of the room and is therefore particularly suitable if you do not want to emphasize the proportions of the room.
The effect of visual reduction or expansion of space also depends on parquet size. The larger the individual dice, the smaller the room seems. Therefore, for small rooms it is better to use small parquet.
Before choosing a parquet laying pattern, plan which part of it will not be covered by carpet or furniture. After all, if the parquet is not visible, why choose a beautiful and complex pattern?
Photo drawings of laying parquet
Perhaps the most important thing we have already said. It remains, perhaps, to bring to your attention another 55 photos of various parquet patterns, among which, without a doubt, you will come across exactly what you are looking for.
Art parquet- This is a floor covering laid in a special way. When laying it, the drawing is made up of two types of wood (sometimes more are used), and the details of the drawing consist of elements of different sizes.
For the first time, artistic parquet was mentioned in interior descriptions at the beginning of the 16th century. The process of its manufacture was equated to the weaving of complex and expensive carpets. It was used in the design of palaces and houses of the nobility. In the history of arts and crafts, he occupies a special place.
artistic styling- long and laborious handmade, so it has always been very expensive. Sometimes the master can use about sixty types of wood to create an original drawing with smooth transition colors and shapes. The work requires care and a responsible approach to the choice of wood: its properties are taken into account, as well as the conditions in which the flooring will be used. It is necessary to measure the humidity of the room and know the average temperature in it so that the installation does not deteriorate over time. Not every specialist will undertake such work, but thanks to modern developments, craftsmen have the opportunity to decorate the interior with their own hands.
Choice of wood
Artistic parquet in the interior of any room will look expressive if you choose the right material for its manufacture. Usually use hard rocks wood: oak, larch, ash, walnut, maple and others. This choice is explained by the fact that a hardwood floor lasts longer, is easier to repair, and its laying is easier and faster.
Also, the quality of the coating is affected by the technology of wood processing. The beauty of the drawing depends on how the log is cut. There are such types of cuts: rustic, tangential, radial and transverse. Art parquet is usually made from cross-cut wood.
Techniques for the production of artistic parquet
There are several ways to draw a picture:
- marquetry - the drawing is drawn from different strips, which are then glued to the base shield. This is the most popular way to make a pattern;
- Count - the method lies in the fact that patterns are created by cutting grooves into which they are inserted ebony. This the old fashioned way, which is not currently in use;
- inlay - laying the pattern occurs at a certain depth of the base. The decoration uses fragments of amber, metal, mother-of-pearl. Artistic parquet laid using this technique is more expensive and more susceptible to external influences.
Pattern selection
The layout of the parquet involves several variants of the ornament. Most often they are:
- drawing "socket" - its details are made in the form of circles or ovals located in the middle of the composition. For its implementation, up to twenty types of wood are used;
- modular art parquet - assembled from separate shields, which, in turn, are recruited from a certain number of dice. In this case, geometric patterns are usually drawn up;
- "border" - usually used to divide space, in addition to geometric patterns, animal and plant motifs are used here.
Art parquet has several advantages over conventional parquet. First of all, it is its durability. This quality is provided by hardwoods used in the work. It is also distinguished by its high environmental safety, the ability to perfectly retain heat in the room. But the main thing is the unique styling, which gives originality, expressiveness to the room in which it is used.
Among the shortcomings, the owners of this type of flooring note a tendency to mechanical stress, a high price. Some people don't like the fact that laying ends with scraping, and this is accompanied by noise and increased dust formation, however, laying ordinary parquet is also not complete without this procedure.
Making artistic parquet at home
If you want to contemplate the artistic parquet in your home, but the high price holds you back, you can try to make your dream come true with your own hands. Having made a decision, it is imperative to invite a specialist technologist to assess the room where the work will be done: a professional will determine the humidity, temperature, and help with the choice of base. Then a design project is drawn up. It is best for a beginner to choose a simple pattern such as "Christmas trees", "checkerboards" and the like: they will suit any interior and will not cause difficulties in execution. After that, the quantity and cost of materials are calculated, tools are selected, and all estimated costs are summed up. Having completed all the preparations, you can start making artistic parquet with your own hands.
Work is recommended to be carried out at a room temperature of 17 to 23 degrees and a humidity of 40–60%. Special attention it is necessary to pay attention to the underlying base of the parquet, since the durability of the service and the strength of the floor covering itself will depend on its quality. Waterproof plywood is recognized as the leader among the bases, which is attached to the base with screws, waterproofing is preliminarily laid under it. Parquet on plywood is fixed with glue and nails.
Recently, self-taught masters have the opportunity to facilitate the work of self-laying parquet. There are ready-made modules on sale, which you can then assemble yourself. It is good to complement the design of the parquet with rosettes and friezes, for the manufacture of which special machines are used: their curvilinear shapes will bring expressiveness and originality to the geometric pattern. Artistic parquet, made by hand, subject to all the rules and technologies, will delight owners with beauty, elegance, luxury and sophistication for many years.
