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In fact, the basics of etiquette are quite simple. This is a culture of speech, elementary politeness, neat appearance and the ability to manage your emotions.

website presents you a selection of current rules for today that every self-respecting person and others should know.

If you say the phrase: "I invite you," it means you pay. Another wording: "Let's go to a restaurant" - in this case, everyone pays for himself, and only if the man himself offers to pay for the woman, she can agree.
Never visit without calling. If you are visited unannounced, you can afford to be in a dressing gown and curlers. One British lady said that when intruders appeared, she always put on shoes, a hat and took an umbrella. If a person is pleasant to her, she will exclaim: “Oh, how lucky, I just came!”. If unpleasant: "Oh, what a pity, I have to leave."
Do not place your smartphone on the table in public places. By doing so, you show how important role a communication device is playing in your life and how much you are not interested in the annoying chatter going on nearby. At any moment you are ready to leave useless conversations and once again check your Instagram feed, answer an important call or take a break to find out what fifteen new levels have come to Angry Birds.

You should not invite a girl on a date and communicate with her through SMS messages.
A man never carries a woman's bag. And he takes a woman's coat only to carry it to the locker room.
If you are walking with someone and your companion says hello to a stranger, you should also say hello.
Many people think that sushi can only be eaten with chopsticks. However, this is not entirely correct. Men, unlike women, can eat sushi with their hands.
Shoes should ALWAYS be clean.
Do not talk on the phone with empty chatter. If you're in need of a heart-to-heart conversation, it's best to meet with a friend face to face.
If you have been insulted, you should not respond with similar rudeness, and, moreover, raise your voice to the person who insulted you. Don't stoop to his level. Smile and politely move away from the ill-mannered interlocutor.
On the street, a man should walk to the left of the lady. On the right, only military personnel can go, who must be ready to perform a military salute.
Drivers should remember that cold-bloodedly spraying passers-by with mud is flagrant incivility.
A woman may keep her hat and gloves on indoors, but not her hat and mittens.
Nine things should be kept secret: age, wealth, a gap in the house, prayer, the composition of the medicine, a love affair, a gift, honor and dishonor.

Having come to the cinema, theater, to a concert, you should only go to your seats facing those who are sitting. The man goes first.
A man enters a restaurant always first, main reason- on this basis, the head waiter has the right to draw conclusions about who is the initiator of coming to the institution, and who will pay. In the case of the arrival of a large company - enters first and pays the one from whom the invitation to the restaurant came. But if a porter meets visitors at the entrance, then the man must let the first woman through. After that, the gentleman finds free places.
You should never touch a woman unwillingly, take her hand, touch her while talking, push her or take her hand above the elbow, except when you help her get into or out of a vehicle, or cross the street .
If someone calls you impolitely (for example: “Hey, you!”), You should not respond to this call. However, there is no need to lecture, educate others during a short meeting. It is better to teach an etiquette lesson by your own example.
The golden rule when using perfume is moderation. If by the evening you smell your perfume, know that everyone else has already suffocated.
A well-bred man will NEVER allow himself not to show due respect to a woman.
In the presence of a woman, men smoke only with her permission.
Whoever you are - director, academician, elderly woman or a schoolboy, - entering the room, greet first.
Keep correspondence confidential. Parents should not read letters intended for their children. Spouses should do the same with each other. Anyone who rummages through the pockets of loved ones in search of notes or letters is doing extremely ugly.
Don't try to keep up with fashion. It is better to look not fashionable, but good, than fashionable and bad.

And finally, here are the words of the legendary American actor Jack Nicholson:

“I am very sensitive to the rules of good manners. How to pass a plate. Do not shout from one room to another. Do not open closed door without knocking. Let the lady go ahead. The purpose of all these countless simple rules is to make life better. We cannot live in a state of chronic war with our parents - this is stupid. I am careful about my manners. It's not some kind of abstraction. This is for everyone understandable language mutual respect."

“Nothing costs us cheaply and is not valued as dearly as politeness”
Cervantes

HOW TO BEHAVE IN SOCIETY?

It is a well-known fact that a person is not capable of long time to be alone. Therefore, in order to forget once and for all what lies under the word "loneliness", people simply have to learn how to properly communicate with each other.

Not every person was lucky in childhood to receive a good upbringing and learn the rules of behavior that are inculcated in the family and continue to be supplemented and improved in kindergarten at school and throughout life. The rules of conduct accepted in society will help you communicate easily with people and be a pleasant conversationalist.

Men and women have different life functions and, therefore, different rules behavior in society. It is generally accepted that a man should be a provider and protector, that is, resourceful and courageous. Women are physically weaker, they are guardians hearth are in need of protection. Based on this, the rules of conduct for men and women are appropriate.

However, there are rules that are equally fair for both men and women, so we will consider them today. So what should be a polite person?

ETIQUETTE - WHAT IS IT?

In order to learn to be a polite person, it will take a lot of effort, perseverance and a lot of work on yourself, and the first thing to do is to give an objective assessment of your behavior on this moment. It helps a lot in a situation like this. This will help to understand and analyze all the mistakes, existing bad habits, committed wrong actions and your behavior in general. After that, you can safely take on the "work on the mistakes."

Etiquette is a universal norm of morality, a set of rules of behavior in society: addresses, greetings, manners, clothes. Manners are forms of human behavior. The essence of etiquette is respect for other people.

Once upon a time, the rules of good manners in communication or the rules of etiquette were one of the subjects of the educational program at school. Children were taught this science and strictly controlled how well it was learned by them, tutors were responsible for raising children. At present, there are no tutors, no corresponding subjects in the school curriculum, and the need for teaching elementary politeness is still high.

Let's try to figure out what applies to the rules of good manners and we will strictly follow them.

RULE ONE - COURSE

One of the basic rules of good manners in ordinary, Everyday life is courtesy in relationships, the ability to greet people without excessive demonstrations, the ability to congratulate on the holiday, express sympathy or wish good health, as well as the ability to thank you for the service rendered to you.

In addition, the concept of courtesy suggests that the incoming lets the outgoing one, and he, in turn, if necessary, holds the door, the man walking next to the girl always lets her go ahead, with the exception of going down the ladder, exiting the elevator and public transport.

Despite the fact that some prim manners have long outlived their usefulness, such as closing the car door behind a girl before getting behind the wheel, helping the ladies out of the car still does not hurt.

RULE TWO - APPLICATION FORM

Correctly addressing another person, familiar or not, is an important part of the rules of conduct. So, the rules of conduct adopted in society say that only children under 18 years old, close friends and relatives can be addressed as “you”. All other strangers, even if they are younger than you or are your peers, should only be addressed as "you".

In addition, it is customary to switch to “you” when strangers appear and call a relative or friend by the name and patronymic, including when it is inappropriate to demonstrate familiar or family relations in society. The transition from "you" to "you" should be appropriate and tactful, as a rule, it is initiated by a woman, a person older in age or position.

If absent people are mentioned in a conversation, they cannot be spoken of in the third person - “they” or “she”, even if these are close relatives, it is necessary to call them by their first name or by their first name and patronymic.

There are three types of treatment that are used in different situations:

official - citizen, lord, madam, and the titles and titles of the people represented are also used;
informal - by name, on "you", brother, dear friend, girlfriend;
impersonal - used in cases where you need to contact a stranger. In these cases, they use the phrases “sorry”, “let me”, “I beg your pardon”, “tell me”, and so on.

It is unacceptable to address a person by gender, occupation or age: a woman, a man, a plumber, a seller, a child, and so on.

RULE THREE - KEEP DISTANCE

The rules of human behavior in society require compliance with correct distance between interlocutors. There are the following generally accepted distances in communication:

public distance - when interacting with large groups people, is more than 3.5 meters;
social distance - when communicating between strangers, between people with different social statuses, at receptions, banquets, etc. from 3.6 to 1.2 meters;
personal or personal distance - for everyday communication between familiar people, ranges from 1.2 to 0.5 meters;
intimate or sensory distance - for communication of very close people, only the elite are allowed to enter this zone, it is less than 0.5 meters.

At the same time, it is important that each of the interlocutors always has the opportunity to freely exit the conversation, holding a person by the hand or the lapel of a jacket, as well as blocking the passage during a conversation is considered unacceptable.

In addition, it is important to choose suitable topics for conversation, they should be interesting and pleasant for both interlocutors and should not affect personal matters. Interrupting the interlocutor, correcting his speech and making comments is considered unacceptable. It is also indecent to observe and stare at the interlocutor for a long time, especially if he is eating.

I bring to your attention a video about the rules of human behavior in society:

BE COMMUNICATIVE!

Once upon a time, etiquette, that is, the rules of behavior in society, was taught as a subject in schools. Children were taught this by meticulous tutors. Today this word has lost popularity, meanwhile, it does not bother anyone to learn at least the elementary rules of behavior at the table, in the theater, in society. In the end, by doing this, you will greatly facilitate the situation for yourself.

Some good manners

Let's look at some situations that will help you feel at ease.

1. Etiquette at the table

By inviting a lady to a restaurant (or other similar place), the gentleman takes care of her outerwear, helps take off her coat, puts it in the wardrobe, keeps the number with him, and does not give it to the lady. (By the way, the same applies to a ticket at the theater, cinema, in transport. Having bought a ticket for a lady, for example, on a bus, a gentleman keeps it until the end of the trip and gives it to the lady only if he does not see her off to the end, but leaves earlier.)

If a table is not booked in advance, then all negotiations with the head waiter are conducted by a man. Having escorted the girl to the table, the man moves a chair for her, after which he takes his place. If the glasses are not filled by the waiter, then this is done by a man, after asking permission. When pouring wine, the bottle is turned so that the drops do not fall on the tablecloth.

If there are several people at the table, then the oldest of the women is poured the wine first. If they drink champagne, then the man pouring it starts with himself, pouring a few drops into his glass, then the oldest lady, then you can just walk in a circle, finishing with your glass.

If you are in a very fashionable restaurant that serves a lot of utensils, for example, there are several forks and knives near the plate, then you start with those that are farthest from the plate. If the purpose of some devices is not clear to you, then there is nothing wrong with asking the waiter.

If there are unfamiliar people at the table, then it is better to talk on general topics and not discuss mutual friends. It is not necessary to finish everything that is on the plate, just as it is not necessary to leave pieces. To show the waiter that the plate can be taken away, put the cutlery on the plate "at five o'clock", that is, approximately where the small hand on the dial is at five o'clock.

2. Etiquette in communication

When introducing yourself to a company, state your name clearly and distinctly if no one has introduced you. It is not necessary to shake hands if there are a lot of people, however, if you did one handshake, you will have to bypass all those present.

Only a woman can give a hand in a glove and only if the glove is thin, and not, for example, a knitted mitten.

It happens that a person’s hand is busy or, for example, smeared, if he was caught at work, and he holds it out in order to shake his wrist. This is actually unacceptable.

When greeting, the first to greet is the one who is younger. If we are talking about a man and a woman, then the man greets first. If you are greeted with the words "good afternoon", then it is ugly to answer with the word "good", you must answer with the full phrase "good afternoon".

Now let's imagine the following picture: a group of men is standing, a familiar (or unfamiliar) lady approaches them or (passes by). Who should greet first, men or women? The person who approaches is the first to say the words of greeting, regardless of whether it is one person or a group, a man or a woman. The one or those who are in place respond to the greeting.

"Hush!" James Tissot, 1875

3. The basics of good tone for every day

The rules of good manners in everyday life include the usual courtesy in communication, the absence of grumbling, endless complaints, the ability to say hello without unnecessary demonstrations, express sympathy, congratulate on the holiday, wish good health, thank and respond to gratitude.

Such rules assume that the incoming and outgoing holds the door, regardless of whether he goes alone or with someone. If a man follows a girl, then he always lets her go ahead, with the exception of exiting the elevator, descending the ladder from the ship, exiting the plane or public transport.

L. Afremov

Some prim manners have outlived their usefulness today. For example, it used to be considered right that a man, having put a woman in a car, closes the car door behind her, only after that he goes to his place. Arriving at the place, the driver gets up, walks around the car, opens the door, helps the lady out. In our time filled with cars and saturated with haste, it is difficult to imagine people who would be willing and able to fulfill these requirements.

4. How the rules of etiquette apply to children

A few years ago, parenting books taught young parents that children should not enter into conversations with adults without permission, should not interrupt, talk to guests until they are asked. Today, many educators believe that this hinders the development of the child as a person, that he has the same rights in conversation as an adult. This can be accepted if a child, even a small one, communicates like an adult. But if he whines, cries, tries to manipulate, then this is very annoying. Therefore, parents should limit - not so much the freedom of the child, but their own - taking care of their own child so that it is not a burden to others.

All this also applies to those moments when parents, together with their baby, visit restaurants, cafes, museums, use public transport. The ability to occupy your child in such a way that he feels good and at the same time does not bother the others is a good form, as opposed to trying to explain: "Well, this is a child, what can I do with him."

Should I comment on someone else's child? No! If you are completely unbearable, then a remark in a very polite form can be made to the parents of the child. But at the same time, you must remember that it is not good form to make a remark.

And most importantly, do not forget that the child first of all sees and repeats the behavior of his parents. Don't forget the golden words "Thank you", "Please" and be polite!

Aggression — motivated behavior that is contrary to the norms and rules of the coexistence of people in society, causing harm to the objects of attack (animate and inanimate), causing physical damage to people or causing them psychological discomfort (negative experiences, a state of tension, fear, depression, etc.)(Chernova G.R., 2005).

Addressee of influence - one of the partners to whom the attempt to influence is directed.

Altruism -a motive for helping someone that is not consciously connected with one's own selfish interests(Myers D., 1997).

Anomie – this is a state of disorganization of the personality, resulting from its disorientation

Attraction -a special form of perception and cognition of another person, based on the formation of a stable positive feeling towards him.

Autism- this is a complex, sometimes painful state of the personality, expressed in its excessive self-absorption, in avoiding contacts with others, in alienation, in immersion in the world of one's own experiences.

autisma personality trait that manifests itself in the norm and is not related to the field of psychopathology.

Relationship barriers occur when negative feelings and emotions interfere with the interaction. It is possible to distinguish barriers of fear, disgust, disgust, etc.

Verbal communicationdetermines the content of verbal action and uses human speech as a sign system: natural sound language and written speech.

Extra-situational-personal form (4-6.7 years) - communication unfolding against the background of the child's theoretical and practical knowledge of the social world.

Extra-situational-cognitive form (3-4 years) - communication unfolding against the background of the joint with adults and independent activities of the child to get acquainted with the physical world.

Intra-group favoritism is the tendency to favor the social perception of members of one's own group in opposition to, and sometimes to the detriment of, members of another.

Suggestion - conscious or unconscious unreasoned impact on another person or group of people, with the aim of changing their state, attitude to something and predisposition to certain actions.

denotation- the meaning of the word recognized by the majority of people in a given linguistic community, the so-called lexical meaning words.

Destructive criticism - making disparaging or insulting judgments about a person's personality and / or rude aggressive judgment, defamation or ridicule of his deeds and actions.

Decentration - the ability and ability of a person to move away from his position and look at the partner and the situation of interaction as if from the outside, through the eyes of an outside observer.

Since this mechanism releases from emotional bias, it is one of the most effective in the process of getting to know another person.

Friendship, implies deep individually selective interpersonal relationships, characterized by mutual affection based on a feeling of sympathy and unconditional acceptance of the other.

Jargon - technical terminology or characteristic idioms used in special activities or narrow groups.

Shyness -this is a personality trait that occurs in a person who constantly experiences difficulties in certain situations of interpersonal informal communication and manifests itself in a state of neuropsychic tension, is characterized by a variety of disorders of vegetative, psychomotor, speech activity, emotional, volitional, thought processes and a number of specific changes in self-consciousness.

Infection - transfer of one's state or attitude to another person or group of people who somehow (not yet found an explanation) adopt this state or attitude.

Ignoring — actions indicating that the addressee deliberately does not notice or does not take into account the words, actions or feelings expressed by the addressee.

Identification - it is a way of understanding another person through consciously or unconsciously likening him to himself. This is the easiest way to understand another person (Bodalev A.A., 1982).

Identification - this is the ability and ability of a person to move away from his position, “to get out of his shell” and look at the situation through the eyes of a partner in interaction(Rean A.A., 2004).

Avoidanceit is such a strategy of behavior, which is characterized by both the absence of a desire to satisfy the interests of another person, and the absence of a tendency to achieve one's own goals.

Personal image —perceived and transmitted image of a person, an emotionally colored stereotype of perception by the mass ordinary consciousness of someone or something, for example, the image of a political figure

Influencer - the one of the partners who first attempts to influence in any of the known (or unknown) ways.

Interaction - interaction.

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Are social norms of behavior necessary?

Home / USE essays 2017-2018 (“Man and Society”) / Are social norms of behavior necessary?

I believe that social norms of behavior are not just necessary, but necessary. After all, they control the population of our vast country. The rules may vary. These are also ethical standards, which, having come to a restaurant, will help to correctly and beautifully arrange the appliances, have dinner, and thereby show the top of education and knowledge of ethical standards. There are also legal norms that no one has the right to violate. Such violations are equated to crimes for which punishment already follows. Thanks to social norms, order reigns in our country, and people know how to behave appropriately.

Literary works describe situations in which characters go beyond the norms and the consequences of such actions. Or vice versa, living according to the unspoken laws of society, they step over their own opinion and desire, act as society tells them.

The theme of the relationship between society and man is raised in Turgenev's story "Mumu". This is a story about how Gerasim, against his will, drowned a dog that was his only friend. He committed such an act, because he could not go against the will of the landowner.

This example confirms precisely the fact that earlier the peasants had to unquestioningly follow all the instructions of their masters. These were social norms, and they held on with all their might to the work they were given. Even in this example, we can conclude that the norms were needed so that the peasants felt the power of the owners, and they did not have the thought of a free life. But, if Gerasim had violated the order of the landowner, he would have violated the already established norms of society. The peasants had neither freedom of speech nor their own opinion. Servants were even more respected in the house of masters. The sacrifice of his act is a sign of recognition of these cruel norms of that time.

Thus, norms are needed to maintain order, in a way, control over citizens.

The absence of these norms can lead to chaos, complete disorder in the country. No wonder there are legislative and legal documents in which the rules are prescribed.

There are also unspoken rules of a certain society, violating which, you can be excluded from it. When a person observes the norms and approaches this respectfully and consciously, then he has nothing to worry about and worry about. Society will share his interests and will not leave him aside from public affairs. Law-abiding citizens can sleep peacefully and be proud of their country!

Did you like your school essay? And here's more:

What is equality in society?

What kind of person can be called dangerous to society?

What is more important: personal interests or public interests?

Do you think it's important to have an opinion?

Norms of behavior in society

Since a person is a social being, then his full life outside the life of society is simply impossible. A person must reckon with the norms and forms of behavior that are established in society as a whole and in specific situations or in a particular society. Often what is unacceptable in one society can be afforded in another situation. But still, each person must form for himself the fundamental principles of behavior that will determine his life norm and line of behavior and thus shape his relationships with other people, and hence his success in life.

The norms of human behavior in society and in dealing with other people have been formed over the centuries. But these norms were not always the same. The social system, the social and estate division of the population changed, the customs in the society of the aristocracy, philistines, clergy, workers, peasants, intelligentsia, and military were different. At the same time, the behavior of young people and adults was different, the national and social traditions on which these norms of behavior were based were not the same. For representatives of the highest state, the aristocracy, there were fixed rules of conduct, ignorance or violation of which was considered a lack of education.

Also, often the norms of behavior of the corresponding state of society at different times were evaluated differently: at the time of their formation they were appropriate, and in another period of the development of society they were already considered inappropriate, testifying to the low culture of man.

When talking, people tend to get together. Either in a smaller or in a larger society, and these meetings of a larger number of people are mainly caused by something. The reason may be some personal or family event (birthday, angel's day, weddings, anniversaries) or public (state and local holidays, celebrations of some historical event, etc.). The participants of such meetings are, as a rule, people who know each other well. But when stranger enters such a society for the first time, he must first of all introduce himself so that those present know about this person. Therefore, most often such a person in society is accompanied and recommended by the owner of the house or a person who knows society well. If there is no such person, then the stranger introduces himself: Dear, let me introduce myself. My name is (you should give your name, patronymic or surname), I am by profession ... (here you can indicate either a profession or a position, etc.).

Before entering the room, they usually shoot in the dressing room outerwear and hats, and women may not take off their hats. It is not considered obligatory to kick off the shoes, instead, they should be wiped well on the mat.

Back to Social norms

Human behavior, that is, the way of life and actions, depends not only on the character of a person, his habits, but also on how he follows certain rules and norms established by society. From childhood, we get acquainted with the rules of conduct, customs, traditions, values. Knowledge of norms and rules allows us to manage our behavior, to control it.

Norms indicate where and how we should behave. For men and women, for children and adults, their own rules of conduct have been developed.

The assimilation of norms and rules begins with children's games. Here everything happens as if for fun. However, when playing seriously, the child adheres to certain rules.

By joining the world of adults in a game situation, the rules of behavior and social norms are mastered.

The game is a way of learning the norms and rules of adult society. Games of "daughters-mothers", "doctor and patient" model the world of adults. In essence, in the hands of a child is not a mother doll or a doctor doll. They control adult beings, arranging them in such an order as they, children, consider correct, forcing them to say what they consider it necessary to say. Girls, playing "hospital", need to play the roles of a patient and a doctor, ask about health, prescribe medicine, take care of the patient and try to cure him.

Playing school, the participants of the game play the roles of a teacher, school director, student, parent. They require students to follow certain rules of conduct in the classroom, at recess, in the canteen, etc.

Through the game, a teenager enters the world of adults, where the main role is played by prohibitions and permissions, requirements, rules of conduct, customs and traditions, in a word, social norms. There are many types of social norms in society.

The word "custom" comes from everyday life. These are habitual forms of human behavior in everyday life. Habits are a set pattern of behavior in certain situations. Lifestyle is created by our habits. Habits arise from skills and are reinforced through repeated repetition. Such are the habits of brushing your teeth in the morning and evening, saying hello, closing the door behind you, etc. Most habits do not meet with either approval or condemnation from others. But there are so-called bad habits: talking loudly, reading at dinner, biting your nails. They testify to the bad manners of a person. Manners are the external forms of human behavior. They are based on habits and are judged positively or negatively by others. Manners distinguish educated people from ill-bred people. good manners needs to be taught. Dress neatly, listen carefully to the interlocutor, be able to behave at the table - all these are the everyday manners of a well-mannered person. Separately, manners make up the elements, or features, of culture, and together they make up etiquette. Etiquette is a system of rules of conduct adopted in special social circles that make up a single whole. A special etiquette existed at the royal courts, in secular salons, diplomatic circles. Etiquette includes specific manners, norms, ceremonies and rituals.

Social norms are the rules established in a society that govern human behavior.

Customs are of great importance in the life of society. A custom is a traditionally established order of conduct. Customs are inherent in the broad masses of people. The customs of hospitality, the celebration of Christmas and the New Year, respect for elders and many others are treasured by the people as a collective property, as values. Customs are mass patterns of actions approved by society that are recommended to be performed. The behavior of a person who violates customs causes disapproval, censure.

If habits and customs pass from one generation to another, they turn into traditions. Tradition is everything that is inherited from predecessors.

Originally this word meant "tradition". Values, norms, patterns of behavior, ideas, tastes, and views also act as traditions. Meetings of former classmates, fellow soldiers, hoisting the national or ship flag can become traditional. Some traditions are performed in an ordinary, while others - in a festive, upbeat atmosphere. They belong to the cultural heritage, are surrounded by honor and respect, serve as a unifying principle.

Customs and traditions are accompanied by rituals. Rite is a set of actions established by custom. They express some religious ideas or everyday traditions. Rites are not limited to one social group, but apply to all segments of the population.

Rites accompany important points human life. They can be associated with the birth of a person, baptism, wedding, engagement. Rites accompany the entry of a person into a new field of activity: a military oath, initiation into students. Rituals such as burial, funeral service, commemoration are associated with the death of a person.

Morals are mass models of actions, especially protected, highly respected by society. They reflect the moral values of society, their violation is punished more severely than the violation of traditions. From the word "mores" comes "morality" - ethical norms, spiritual principles that determine the most important aspects of society. The Latin word moralis means "moral". Morals are customs that have moral significance, forms of human behavior that exist in a given society and can be subjected to moral assessment.

In all societies, it is considered immoral to insult elders, offend the weak, humiliate the disabled, use foul language. A special form of mores is taboo. Taboo is a system of prohibitions on any actions, words, objects. In ancient societies, the system of such prohibitions determined the rules of people's lives. In modern society, the desecration of national shrines, graves, monuments, insulting the feeling of patriotism, etc. is taboo.

Morality is based on a system of values.

Values are socially approved and shared by most people ideas about what goodness, justice, patriotism, citizenship are. They serve as a standard and an ideal for all people. For believers in society, there are religious norms - rules of conduct contained in the texts of sacred books or established by the church.

Culture of behavior

Attitude towards a person largely depends on his behavior among others. It is no coincidence that the vast majority have a negative attitude towards boors, or arrogant personalities. Cultural people, on the contrary, are desirable in any society.

There are generally accepted norms of decency and rules of conduct, the observance of which is the key to successful communication. All these norms and rules can be combined under one term - the culture of human behavior.

Culture of behavior and personality

The concept of cultural behavior and ethics has existed for many centuries, and in our time has not lost its relevance. This concept includes the rules of behavior in society, the actions and forms of communication of people, which are based on morality, as well as the internal and external culture of a person. The norms of behavior are the determining factor in the correctness or incorrectness of a person's actions in society. First of all, the main factor of cultural behavior is upbringing, i.e. a person's willingness to comply with the norms of behavior, his goodwill and tact in relation to others. Ethics and culture of behavior is a kind of standard, a system of rules accepted in society. Etiquette is designed to serve people for everyday communication, being a set of polite intonations of colloquial speech.

The culture of communication and behavior is an ambiguous concept. Etiquette can always be realized in communication, but not all communication can be recognized as etiquette. Communication is much more than etiquette. In any cultural communication, partners can differ in gender, age, nationality, social status, as well as the degree of acquaintance and kinship. The culture of behavior is built according to these criteria. For example, the younger is obliged to listen to the elder, and not to interrupt him, and a man in the presence of a woman does not have the right to be rude. To some extent, ethics is a system of cultural containment to ensure a positive way of communication between unequal partners. The culture of behavior is almost always designed for two addressees - a partner and an audience. Thus, its rules and norms are distributed in two directions at once.

Rules of the culture of behavior

Rules and norms of cultural behavior begin long before two people have the opportunity to get to know each other. In most cases, people entering into communication remain unfamiliar with each other. But this does not prevent them from being polite and tactful.

The basic rules and norms of a culture of behavior are brought up in a person from childhood. However, if for some reason you have not been instilled with them, or you have forgotten some of them, follow the simplified and basic version of how to become a cultured person:

These simple rules not only facilitate relationships with people, but also help you become a cultured person in the face of others, which is a rarity today.

Every day we are among people, we perform some actions in accordance with this or that situation. We have to communicate with each other, using generally accepted norms. Together, all of this is our behavior. Let's try to go deeper

Behavior as a moral category

Behavior is a complex of human actions that an individual performs over a long period of time under given conditions. These are all actions, not individual ones. Whether actions are performed consciously or unintentionally, they are subject to moral evaluation. It is worth noting that behavior can reflect both the actions of one person and the whole team. At the same time, both personal characteristics of character and the specificity of interpersonal relationships have an influence. By his behavior, a person reflects his attitude to society, to specific people, to the objects surrounding him.

The concept of a line of conduct

The concept of behavior includes the definition of a line of conduct, which implies the presence of a certain system and consistency in the repetitive actions of an individual or the characteristics of the actions of a group of people over a long period of time. Behavior is perhaps the only indicator that objectively characterizes the moral qualities and driving motives of a person.

The concept of rules of conduct, etiquette

Etiquette is a set of norms and rules that regulate the relationship of a person with others. It is an integral part of social culture (culture of behavior). It is expressed in complex system relationships between people. This includes concepts such as:

polite, courteous and patronizing treatment of the fair sex;
a sense of respect and manifestation of deep respect for the older generation;
correct forms of everyday communication with others;
norms and rules of dialogue;
being at the dinner table;
treatment of guests;
compliance with the requirements for human clothing (dress code).

All these laws of decency embody the general ideas of human dignity, the simple requirements of convenience and ease in human relationships. Generally consistent with general requirements courtesy. However, there are also strictly established ethical standards that have an unchanging character.

Respectful treatment of students and teachers.
- Observance of subordination in relation to subordinates to their leadership.
- Standards of conduct in public places, during seminars and conferences.

Psychology as a science of behavior

Psychology is a science that studies the characteristics of human behavior and motives. This area of knowledge studies how mental and behavioral processes proceed, specific personality traits, mechanisms that exist in the human mind and explain the deep subjective reasons for one or another of his actions. It also considers the distinctive features of a person's character, taking into account those significant factors that determine them (stereotypes, habits, inclinations, feelings, needs), which may be partly innate, and partly acquired, brought up in appropriate social conditions. Thus, the science of psychology helps us understand, as it reveals its mental nature and the moral conditions of its formation.

Behavior as a reflection of human actions

Depending on the nature of a person's actions, various ones can be defined.

A person by his actions may try to attract the attention of others. Such behavior is called demonstrative.
If a person assumes any obligations and fulfills them in good faith, then his behavior is called responsible.
Behavior that determines the actions of a person aimed at the benefit of others, and for which he does not require any reward, is called helping.
There is also internal behavior, which is characterized by the fact that a person decides for himself what to believe in, what to value.

There are others that are more complex.

Deviant behavior. It represents a negative deviation from the norms and patterns of behavior. As a rule, it entails applying to the offender various kinds punishment.
If a person demonstrates complete indifference to the environment, unwillingness to make decisions independently, mindlessly follows others in his actions, then his behavior is considered conformal.

Behavior characteristic

The behavior of an individual can be characterized by various categories.

Innate behavior - as a rule, these are instincts.
Acquired behavior is the actions performed by a person in accordance with his upbringing.
Intentional behavior - actions carried out by a person consciously.
Unintentional behavior is actions that occur spontaneously.
Behavior can also be conscious or unconscious.

Code of Conduct

Close attention is paid to the norms of human behavior in society. A norm is a primitive form of requirement regarding morality. On the one hand, it is a form of relationship, and on the other hand, it is a specific form of consciousness and thinking of an individual. The norm of behavior is constantly reproducible actions of the same type of many people, obligatory for each person individually. Society needs people to act according to a certain scenario in given situations, which is designed to maintain social balance. The binding force of the norms of behavior for each individual is based on examples from society, mentors and the immediate environment. In addition, habit plays an important role, as well as collective or individual coercion. At the same time, the norms of behavior should proceed from general, abstract ideas about morality and ethics (the definition of good, evil, and so on). One of the tasks of the correct education of a person in society is to ensure that the simplest norms of behavior become an internal need of a person, acquire the form of a habit and be carried out without external and internal coercion.

Raising the next generation

One of the most crucial moments in the upbringing of the younger generation are. The purpose of such conversations should be to expand the knowledge of schoolchildren about the culture of behavior, explain to them the moral meaning of this concept, as well as educate them in the skills of correct behavior in society. First of all, the teacher should explain to the students that it is inextricably linked with the people around them, that it depends on how the teenager behaves, how easy and pleasant it will be for these people to live next to him. Teachers should also bring up positive character traits in children using the examples of books by various writers and poets. Students should also be taught the following rules:

how to behave at school;
how to behave on the street;
how to behave in a company;
how to behave in public transport;
how to behave when visiting.

It is important to pay special attention, especially in high school, to such an issue, both in the society of classmates, as well as in the society of guys outside of school.

Public opinion as a reaction to human behavior

Public opinion is a mechanism by which society regulates the behavior of each particular individual. Any form of social discipline falls under this category, including traditions and customs, because for a society it is something like a legislative norm of behavior that the vast majority of people follow. Moreover, such traditions form public opinion, which acts as a powerful mechanism for regulating behavior and human relationships in various spheres of life. From an ethical point of view, the determining moment in regulating the behavior of an individual is not his personal discretion, but public opinion, which is based on certain generally recognized moral principles and criteria. It must be admitted that an individual has the right to independently decide how to behave in a given situation, despite the fact that the norms adopted in society, as well as collective opinion, have a tremendous influence on the formation of self-consciousness. Under the influence of approval or censure, the character of a person can change dramatically.

Assessment of human behavior

Considering the question, one should not forget about such a concept as an assessment of the behavior of an individual. This assessment consists in the approval or condemnation by society of a particular act, as well as the behavior of the individual as a whole. People can express their positive or negative attitude towards the subject being evaluated in the form of praise or blame, agreement or criticism, manifestations of sympathy or dislike, that is, through various external actions and emotions. In contrast to the requirements expressed in the form of norms, which in the form general rules prescribe how a person should act in a given situation, the assessment compares these requirements with those specific phenomena and events that already take place in reality, establishing their compliance or inconsistency existing norms behavior.

golden rule of conduct

In addition to what we all know is generally accepted, there is Golden Rule. It originated in ancient times, when the first essential requirements for human morality were formed. Its essence is to treat others in the way you would like to see this attitude towards yourself. Similar ideas were found in such ancient works as the teachings of Confucius, the Bible, Homer's Iliad, and so on. It is worth noting that this is one of the few beliefs that has survived to our time in almost unchanged form and has not lost its relevance. The positive moral significance of the golden rule is determined by the fact that it practically orients the individual towards the development of an important element in the mechanism of moral behavior - the ability to put oneself in the place of others and emotionally experience their condition. In modern morality, the golden rule of behavior is an elementary universal prerequisite for relationships between people, expressing a successive connection with the moral experience of the past.