How to calculate how many sections of heating radiators. Correct calculation of the number of sections of heating batteries. How to calculate heat losses

If accurate calculation of heating radiator sections, then this can be done based on the area of ​​the room. This calculation is suitable for rooms with low ceiling no more than 2.6 meters. In order to heat it, 100 W of thermal power per 1 m 2 is spent. Based on this, it is not difficult to calculate how much heat is needed for the entire room. That is, the area must be multiplied by the number of square meters.

Next, the existing result should be divided by the heat transfer value of one section; the resulting value is simply rounded up. If this warm room, for example a kitchen, then the result can be rounded down.

When calculating the number of radiators, it is necessary to take into account possible heat loss, taking into account certain situations and the condition of the home. For example, if the apartment room is corner and has a balcony or loggia, then it loses heat much faster than apartment rooms with a different location. For such premises thermal power calculations must be increased by at least 20%. If you plan to mount heating radiators in a niche or hide them behind a screen, then the heat calculation will be increased by 15-20%.

To calculate heating radiators, you can use the heating radiator calculator.

Calculations taking into account the volume of the room.

Calculation of heating radiator sections it will be more accurate if they are calculated based on the ceiling height, that is, based on the volume of the room. The calculation principle in this case is similar to the previous option.

First you need to calculate the total heat demand, and only then calculate the number of sections in the radiators. When the radiator is hidden behind a screen, the room’s need for thermal energy increases by at least 15-20%. If we take into account the recommendations of SNIP, then in order to heat one cubic meter living room in standard panel house it is necessary to spend 41 W of thermal power.

To calculate, we take the area of ​​the room and multiply it by the height of the ceiling, you will get the total volume, it needs to be multiplied by the standard value, that is, by 41. If the apartment has good modern double-glazed windows and there is foam insulation on the walls, then a lower value of heat will be needed - 34 W per m 3. For example, if a room with an area of ​​20 sq. meters has ceilings with a height of 3 meters, then the volume of the room will be only 60 m 3, that is, 20X3. When calculating the thermal power of the room, we get 2460 W, that is, 60X41.

Calculation table for the required heat supply.

Let's start the calculation: To calculate the required number of heating radiators it is necessary to divide the obtained data by the heat transfer of one section, which is indicated by the manufacturer. For example, if we take as an example: one section produces 170 W, we take the area of ​​the room that requires 2460 W and divide it by 170 W, we get 14.47. Next, we round up and get 15 heating sections per room. However, one should take into account the fact that many manufacturers deliberately indicate overestimated heat transfer rates for their sections, based on the fact that the temperature in the batteries will be maximum. IN real life such requirements are not met, and the pipes are sometimes lukewarm instead of hot. Therefore, you need to proceed from the minimum heat transfer rates per section, which are indicated in the product passport. Thanks to this, the resulting calculations will be more accurate.

How to get the most accurate calculation.

It is quite difficult to calculate heating radiator sections with maximum accuracy, because not all apartments are considered standard. And this especially applies to private buildings. Therefore, many owners have a question: how to calculate heating radiator sections By individual conditions operation? In this case, the ceiling height, size and number of windows, wall insulation and other parameters are taken into account. According to this calculation method, it is necessary to use a whole list of coefficients that will take into account the characteristics of a particular room; they are the ones that can affect the ability to release or retain thermal energy.

This is what the formula for calculating sections of heating radiators looks like: KT = 100W/sq.m. * P * K1 * K2 * K3 * K4 * K5 * K6 * K7, the CT indicator is the amount of heat needed for an individual room.

1. where P is the total area of ​​the room, indicated in sq.m.;

2. K1 - coefficient that takes into account the glazing of window openings: if the window is with ordinary double glazing, then the indicator is 1.27;

• If the window is double glazed - 1.0;
• If the window is triple glazed - 0.85.

3. K2 - coefficient of thermal insulation of walls:

• Very low degree of thermal insulation - 1.27;
• Excellent thermal insulation (walls laid with two bricks or insulation) - 1.0;
• High degree of thermal insulation - 0.85.

4. K3 - ratio of window area to floor area in the room:

• 50% — 1,2;
• 40% — 1,1;
• 30% — 1,0;
• 20% — 0,9;
• 10% — 0,8.

5. K4 - a coefficient that allows you to take into account the average air temperature in the coldest time:

• For -35 degrees - 1.5;
• For -25 degrees - 1.3;
• For -20 degrees - 1.1;
• For -15 degrees - 0.9;
• For -10 degrees - 0.7.

6. K5 - adjusts the need for heat, taking into account the number of external walls:

• 1 wall—1.1;
• 2 walls—1.2;
• 3 walls—1.3;
• 4 walls—1.4.

7. K6 - takes into account the type of room located above:

• Very cold attic — 1,0;
• Attic with heating - 0.9;
• Heated room - 0.8

8. K7 - coefficient that takes into account the height of ceilings:

• 2.5 m - 1.0;
• 3.0 m - 1.05;
• 3.5 m - 1.1;
• 4.0 m - 1.15;
• 4.5 m - 1.2.

The presented calculation of heating radiator sections takes into account all the nuances of the room and the location of the apartment, therefore it quite accurately determines the room’s need for thermal energy. The result obtained only needs to be divided by the heat transfer value from one section, the finished result is rounded. There are also manufacturers who offer to take advantage of more in a simple way calculation. Their websites provide the exact calculations needed to make the calculations. To work with this program, the user enters the required values ​​into the fields and receives the finished result. In addition, he can use special software.

Heating appliances by type and design. The next step is to calculate heating radiators for each room of a private house, including determining the thermal power and the number of sections (or size of panels). The simplest option– use the online calculator of any construction portal. But it is advisable to double-check the calculation results, otherwise you will have to pay for errors later. We offer to calculate the heat transfer of heating batteries manually, in a proven and convenient way.

Initial data for calculations

The calculation of the thermal power of the batteries is carried out for each room separately, depending on the number of external walls, windows and the presence of an entrance door from the street. To correctly calculate the heat transfer rates of heating radiators, answer 3 questions:

1. How much heat is needed to heat a living room?
2. What air temperature is planned to be maintained in a particular room.
3. Average water temperature in the heating system of an apartment or private house.

Note. If a single-pipe wiring is installed in the cottage, you will have to make allowances for cooling of the coolant - add sections to the last radiators.

A common way is to measure the heated area and allocate square meter 100 W of heat, otherwise - 1 kW per 10 m². We propose to clarify the methodology - take into account the number of light openings and external walls:

• for rooms with 1 window or front door and leave 100 W of heat per square meter with one outer wall;
• corner room (2 external fences) with 1 window opening - count 120 W/m²;
• the same, 2 light openings – 130 W/m².

Important condition. The calculation gives more or less correct results for ceiling heights of up to 3 m; the building was built in middle lane temperate climate. For the northern regions, an increasing coefficient of 1.5...2.0 is used, for the southern regions - a decreasing coefficient of 0.7-0.8.

Distribution of heat losses over the area of ​​a one-story house

If the ceiling height is more than 3 meters (for example, a corridor with a staircase in two-story house) it is more correct to calculate heat consumption by cubic capacity:

• room with 1 window ( external door) and the only one outer wall– 35 W/m³;
• the room is surrounded by other rooms, has no windows, or is located on the sunny side - 35 W/m³;
• corner room with 1 window opening – 40 W/m³;
• the same, with two windows – 45 W/m³.

The second question is easier to answer: a comfortable temperature for living is in the range of 20…23 °C. Heating the air more strongly is uneconomical; heating the air less is cold. The average value for calculations is plus 22 degrees.

The optimal operating mode of the boiler involves heating the coolant to 60-70 °C. The exception is warm or too cold days, when the water temperature has to be reduced or, conversely, increased. The number of such days is small, so the average design temperature of the system is assumed to be +65 °C.

In rooms with high ceilings we calculate heat consumption by volume

Specified and actual heat transfer of the radiator

The parameters of any heating device are indicated in the technical passport. Typically, manufacturers declare the power of 1 standard section with an interaxle size of 500 mm within the range of 170...200 watts. Characteristics of aluminum and bimetallic radiators approximately the same.

The trick is that the heat transfer rating cannot be stupidly used to select the number of sections. According to clause 3.5 of GOST 31311-2005, the manufacturer is required to indicate the battery power under the following operating conditions:

• the coolant moves through the radiator from top to bottom (diagonal or side connection);
• temperature difference is 70 degrees;
• the flow rate of water flowing through the device is 360 kg/hour.

Reference. Thermal pressure is the difference between the average temperature of the network water and the room air. Denoted by ΔT, DT or dt, calculated by the formula:

Let’s explain the essence of the problem; to do this, substitute the known values ​​of ΔT = 70 °C and room temperature – plus 20 °C into the formula, and perform the reverse calculation:

1. tsupply + treturn = (ΔT + tair) x 2 = (70 + 20) x 2 = 180 °C.
2. According to the standards, the calculated difference in coolant temperatures between the supply and return lines should be 20 degrees. This means that the water coming from the boiler needs to be heated to 100 °C, the return water will cool to 80 °C.
3. The 100/80 °C operating mode is not available for domestic heating installations; the maximum heating is 80 degrees. In addition, maintaining the specified coolant temperature is not economically profitable (remember, we took the average value of 65 °C).

Conclusion. In real conditions, the battery will give off much less heat than specified in the operating instructions. The reason is the lower value of ΔT - the temperature difference between water and ambient air. According to our initial data, the ΔT indicator is 130 / 2 - 22 = 43 degrees, almost half the declared norm.

Determining the number of aluminum battery sections

It is not easy to recalculate the parameters of a heating device for specific conditions. The thermal power formula and calculation algorithm used by design engineers are too complex for ordinary homeowners who are ignorant of heating engineering.

We suggest calculating the number of sections of heating radiators using a more accessible method that gives a minimum error:

1. Collect the initial data listed in the first section of this publication - find out the amount of heat required for heating, the temperature of the air and coolant.
2. Calculate the actual temperature difference DT using the above formula.
3. When choosing a specific type of battery, open the technical data sheet and find the heat transfer rate of 1 section at DT = 70 degrees.
4. Below is a table of ready-made conversion factors for the heating power of radiator sections. Find the indicator corresponding to the real DT and multiply it by the value of the rated heat transfer - get the power of 1 fin under your operating conditions.

Knowing the real heat flow, it is not difficult to find out the number of battery fins required to heat the room. Divide the required amount of heat by the output of 1 section. For clarity, here is an example calculation:

All that remains is to distribute the sections throughout the room. If the window sizes are the same, we divide 28 in half and place a radiator with 14 fins under each opening. Otherwise, the number of battery sections is selected in proportion to the width of the windows (approximately possible). The heat transfer of bimetallic and cast iron radiators.

Battery placement diagram - it is better to place devices under windows or near a cold outer wall

Advice. If you own a personal computer, it is easier to use the calculation program of the Italian brand GLOBAL, located on the official website of the manufacturer.

Many well-known companies, including GLOBAL, prescribe in the documentation the heat transfer of their devices for different temperature conditions(DT = 60 °C, DT = 50 °C), an example is shown in the table. If your real ΔT = 50 degrees, feel free to use the specified characteristics without any recalculation.

Calculation of the size of a steel radiator

Design panel instruments different from sectional ones. Batteries are made from stamped steel sheets 1...1.2 mm thick, pre-cut to right size. To select a radiator of the required power, you need to find out the heat transfer of 1 meter of length of a panel welded from sheets.

We suggest using the simplest method, based on technical data from a serious German manufacturer of panel water Kermi radiators. What is the point: stamped batteries are unified, the types of products differ in the number of heating panels and heat exchange fins. The classification of radiators looks like this:

• type 10 – single-panel device without additional ribs;
• type 11 – 1 panel + 1 sheet of corrugated metal;
• type 12 – two panels plus 1 sheet of fins;
• type 20 – battery with 2 heating plates, convection fins are not provided;
• type 22 – double-panel radiator with 2 sheets, increasing the heat exchange area.

Sketches of steel heaters of various types - top view

Note. There are also type 33 heaters (3 panels + 3 fins), but similar products less in demand due to increased thickness and price. The most popular model is type 22.

So, stamped panel devices of any brand differ only in mounting dimensions. The calculation of heating radiators comes down to choosing the appropriate type, then the length of the battery for a specific room is calculated based on height and heat transfer. The algorithm is as follows:

Calculation example. Let's determine the dimensions of a steel radiator for the same room of 15.75 m²: heat loss - 2048 W, air temperature - 22 degrees, coolant - 65 °C. Let's take standard batteries with a height of 500 mm, type 22. Using the table we find q = 1461 W, find out the total length of the panel 2048 / 1461 = 1.4 m. From the catalog of any manufacturer, select the nearest larger option - a heater 1.5 m long or 2 devices 0.7 m each.

The end of the first table is the heat transfer of 1 m length of Kermi radiators

Advice. Our instructions are 100% correct for Kermi products. When purchasing radiators from another brand (especially Chinese), the panel length should be taken with a margin of 10-15%.

Heating devices of single-pipe systems

An important one is the gradual decrease in temperature in the main line due to the admixture of coolant cooled by the batteries. If 1 ring line serves more than 5 devices, the difference at the beginning and end of the distribution pipe can reach 15 °C. The result is that the latest radiators emit less heat.

Single-pipe scheme closed type- all heaters are connected to 1 pipe

To ensure that long-distance batteries transfer the required amount of energy to the room, make the following adjustments when calculating heating power:

1. Select the first 4 radiators according to the instructions above.
2. Increase the power of the 5th device by 10%.
3. Add another 10 percent to the calculated heat transfer of each subsequent battery.

Explanation. The power of the 6th radiator increases by 20%, the seventh by 30, and so on. Why build up latest batteries single-pipe Leningradka, the expert will tell you in detail in the video:

Finally, a few clarifications

Heating devices can operate in different conditions and be connected via different schemes. These factors influence the heat transfer of heaters during operation. When determining the power of room radiators, consider several recommendations:

1. If the battery is connected to the pipelines using a different bottom circuit, the heating efficiency deteriorates. Add 10% to the calculated power rating of the devices.
2. In combined systems (radiator network + warm water floors), convection devices play a supporting role. The main heating load is carried by floor circuits. But the calculated heat transfer of radiators should not be underestimated; if necessary, the batteries should completely replace heated floors.
3. Homeowners often cover heaters with decorative screens, even covering them with drywall, leaving convection gaps. In this case it is completely lost infrared heat, released by the heated surface of the device. Accordingly, the battery power will have to be increased by at least 40%.
4. Do not install 1-3 radiator sections, even if the calculation shows this number. To get a normal heating device, you need to install at least 4 fins.
5. Non-freezing liquids are inferior to ordinary water in terms of heat capacity, the difference is approximately 15%. When using antifreeze, increase the heat transfer area of ​​the batteries by 10% (increase the number of radiator sections or panel sizes).

When calculating heating radiators, consider a simple rule: the lower the water temperature in the supply line, the larger the heat exchange surface area needed to heat the rooms. Install the systems correctly so that you do not have to solve problems by extending battery sections.

Dear users of our resource! On our website you have the opportunity to choose a radiator yourself. This means that you can yourself calculate the number of radiators required for installation in each room. To make this calculation, have certain calculation information at your disposal, only then can you select radiators with greater accuracy. Information required to determine the number of radiator sections: The main one is the thermal power of the radiator (heat transfer) - this is a value that shows how much thermal energy the radiator gives off in a certain unit of time. Thermal power is expressed in watts. For each radiator, this value is determined by the manufacturer. Let's move on to the calculation part. From the above, we come to the conclusion that it is necessary to determine the thermal power required to heat a specific room, for this we will need the dimensions of the room. Next step. Be patient, find a pencil, paper, tape measure and prepare for correct selection radiators the following information: type of windows, quality of thermal insulation, area of ​​windows and floors, average temperature of the coldest week of the year, type of room above the calculated one, room dimensions. So, if you have collected all necessary information, let's get started.

Selection of heating radiator (calculation of the number of sections)

Now you need to decide which radiators you want to install: aluminum radiators (extrusion and injection molded); steel radiators(tubular, panel); bimetallic radiators (extruded and injection molded); cast iron radiators (tubular). So, if you have already made your choice on radiators of a certain type, then the next question that arises is how to choose a radiator from the already available variety that meets specific requirements. You can find out how to choose a heating radiator in the "Articles" section - "Articles about heating radiators"

06/25/2019 at 16:49

When designing heating systems, a mandatory step is to calculate the power of heating devices. The result obtained largely influences the choice of one or another equipment - heating radiators and heating boilers (if the project is carried out for private houses not connected to central heating systems).

The most popular batteries at the moment are those made in the form of interconnected sections. In this article we will talk about how to calculate the number of radiator sections.

Methods for calculating the number of battery sections

In order to calculate the number of sections of heating radiators, you can use three main methods. The first two are quite easy, but they give only an approximate result, which is suitable for typical premises of multi-story buildings. This includes the calculation of radiator sections by room area or volume. Those. in this case, it is enough to find out the required parameter (area or volume) of the room and insert it into the appropriate formula for calculation.

The third method involves using a set for calculations various coefficients, which determine the heat loss of the room. This includes the size and type of windows, floor, type of wall insulation, ceiling height and other criteria that affect heat loss. Heat loss can also occur for various reasons related to errors and shortcomings during the construction of a house. For example, there is a cavity inside the walls, the insulation layer has cracks, there is a defect in building material etc. Thus, finding all the causes of heat leakage is one of the prerequisites for performing an accurate calculation. For this purpose, thermal imagers are used, which display on the monitor the places of heat leakage from the room.

All this is done in order to select a radiator power that compensates for the total heat loss. Let's consider each method of calculating battery sections separately and give a clear example for each of them.

Calculation of the number of heating radiator sections by room volume calculator. Number of radiator sections

Section (heating radiator) - smallest structural element radiator batteries.

Usually it is a hollow cast iron or aluminum double-tube structure, finned to improve thermal transfer by radiation and convection.

Sections of the heating radiator are connected to each other into batteries using radiator nipples, inlet and outlet of coolant (steam or hot water) is made through screwed couplings; excess (unused) holes are plugged with threaded plugs into which a valve is sometimes screwed in to drain air from the heating system. The assembled battery is usually painted after assembly.

Calculator for the number of sections in heating radiators

Power of 1 section (W)

Room length

Room width

Thermal insulation of walls

High-quality modern insulation Brick (2 bricks) or insulation Poor insulation

Online calculator for calculating the required number of radiator sections for heating a given room with a known heat transfer

Formula for calculating the number of radiator sections

N = S/t*100*w*h*r

• N - number of radiator sections;
• S is the area of ​​the room;
• t is the amount of heat to heat the room;

The required amount to heat a room (t) is calculated by multiplying the area of ​​the room by 100 W. That is, to heat a room of 18 m2, you need 18*100=1800 W or 1.8 kW of heat

Synonyms: radiator, heating, heat, battery, sections of the radiator, radiator.

Calculation of the number of sections of cast iron heating radiators by room volume. How to calculate the number of radiators

Calculating the number of heating radiators can be done in three ways:

1. Definition necessary system heating based on the area of ​​the heated room.
2. Calculation of the required radiator sections based on the volume of the room.
3. The most complex, but at the same time the most accurate calculation method, which takes into account the maximum number of factors influencing the creation of a comfortable temperature in the room.

Before dwelling on the above calculation methods, we cannot ignore the radiators themselves. Their ability to transfer thermal energy to the carrier environment, as well as power, depend on the material from which they are made. In addition, radiators differ in durability (ability to resist corrosion), have different maximum permissible operating pressure and weight.

Since the battery consists of a set of sections, it is necessary to take into account the types of materials from which radiators are made and to know their positive and negative qualities. The material chosen will determine how many battery sections will need to be installed. Now we can distinguish 4 types of heating radiators on the market. These are cast iron, aluminum, steel and bimetallic structures.

Cast iron radiators perfectly accumulate heat, withstand high pressure and have no restrictions on the type of coolant. However, they are heavy and require special attention to the fastener. Steel radiators have less weight compared to cast iron, operate at any pressure and are the most budget option, but their heat transfer coefficient is lower than that of all other batteries.

Aluminum radiators give off heat well, they are lightweight, have a reasonable price, but do not withstand high pressure in the heating network. Bimetallic radiators took the best from steel and aluminum radiators, but the price is the highest among the options presented.

It is believed that the power of one section of a cast iron battery is 145 W, aluminum - 190 W, bimetallic - 185 W and steel - 85 W.

The way in which the structure is connected to the heating network is of great importance. The calculation of the power of heating radiators directly depends on the methods of supply and removal of coolant, and this factor also affects the number of heating radiator sections required for normal heating of a given room.

Video Calculation of heating radiators Part 1

A simple calculation does not take into account many factors. The result is distorted data. Then some rooms remain cold, others too hot. The temperature can be controlled using shut-off valves, but it is better to accurately calculate everything in advance in order to use the right amount of materials.

For accurate calculations, decreasing and increasing thermal coefficients are used. First you should pay attention to the windows. For single glazing, a coefficient of 1.7 is used. Double windows do not require a factor. For triples the figure is 0.85.

If the windows are single and there is no thermal insulation, then the heat loss will be quite large.

When calculating, take into account the ratio of the area of ​​floors and windows. The ideal ratio is 30%. Then a coefficient of 1 is applied. When the ratio increases by 10%, the coefficient increases by 0.1.

Coefficients for different ceiling heights:

• If the ceiling is below 2.7 m, the coefficient is not needed;
• For indicators from 2.7 to 3.5 m, a coefficient of 1.1 is used;
• When the height is 3.5-4.5 m, a coefficient of 1.2 will be required.

In the presence of attics or upper floors, certain coefficients are also applied. For a warm attic, an indicator of 0.9 is used, for a living room - 0.8. For unheated attics take 1.

The easiest way. Calculate the amount of heat required for heating, based on the area of ​​the room in which the radiators will be installed. You know the area of ​​each room, and the heat requirement can be determined according to SNiP building codes:

• for the average climate zone, 60-100 W are required for heating 1 m 2 of living space;
• for areas above 60 o, 150-200 W are required.

Based on these standards, you can calculate how much heat your room will require. If the apartment/house is located in the middle climate zone, heating an area of ​​16 m2 will require 1600 W of heat (16*100=1600). Since the standards are average, and the weather is not constant, we believe that 100W is required. Although, if you live in the south of the middle climate zone and your winters are mild, count 60W.

Calculation of heating radiators can be done according to SNiP standards

A power reserve in heating is needed, but not very large: with an increase in the amount of power required, the number of radiators increases. And the more radiators, the more coolant in the system. If for those connected to central heating this is not critical, then for those who have or are planning individual heating, a large volume of the system means large (extra) costs for heating the coolant and greater inertia of the system (the set temperature is maintained less accurately). And a logical question arises: “Why pay more?”

Having calculated the room's heat requirement, we can find out how many sections are required. Each heating device can produce a certain amount of heat, which is indicated in the passport. Take the found heat requirement and divide it by the radiator power. The result is the required number of sections to make up for losses.

Let's count the number of radiators for the same room. We determined that 1600W needed to be allocated. Let the power of one section be 170W. It turns out 1600/170 = 9.411 pieces. You can round up or down at your discretion. You can round it up to a smaller one, for example, in the kitchen - there are enough additional heat sources there, and to a larger one - it’s better in a room with a balcony, large window or in a corner room.

The system is simple, but the disadvantages are obvious: ceiling heights may vary, wall material, windows, insulation, and more whole line factors are not taken into account. So the calculation of the number of sections of heating radiators according to SNiP is approximate. For an accurate result, you need to make adjustments.

Calculation of the number of sections of heating radiators by area calculator. Selection of heating power

When selecting a heating scheme for a small private house, it is this indicator that is decisive.

To calculate sections of bimetallic heating radiators by area, you need to determine the following parameters:

• the amount of necessary compensation for heat losses;
• total area of ​​the heated room.

In construction practice, it is customary to use the first indicator in the given form as 1 kW of power per 10 square meters, i.e. 100 W/m2. Thus, the ratio for calculation will be the following expression:

N = S x 100 x 1.45,

where S is the total area of ​​the heated room, 1.45 is the coefficient of possible heat loss.

If we look at specific example calculating the heating power for a room of 4x5 meters, it will look like this:

1. 5 x 4 = 20 (m2);

A typical place to install a radiator is under a window, so we use two radiators of the same power of 1450 W. This indicator can be influenced by adding or reducing the number of sections installed in the battery. It should be taken into account that the power of one of them is:

• for bimetallic ones with a height of 50 centimeters - 180 watts;
• for cast iron radiators – 130 watts.

Therefore, you will need to install: bimetallic – 1450: 180 = 8 x2 = 16 sections; cast iron: 1450: 130 = 11.

When using glass bags, heat loss on windows can be reduced by approximately 25%.

Calculation of sections of bimetallic heating radiators by area gives a clear initial idea of ​​their required quantity.

To determine the volume of a room, you will have to use indicators such as ceiling height, width and length. Having multiplied all the parameters and obtained the volume, it should be multiplied by the power indicator determined by SNiP in the amount of 41 W.

For example, the room area (width x length) is 16 m2, and the ceiling height is 2.7 m, which gives a volume (16x2.7) equal to 43 m3.

To determine the power of the radiator, the volume should be multiplied by the power indicator:

After this, the result obtained is also divided by the power of one radiator section. For example, it is equal to 160 W, which means that for a room with a volume of 43 m3, 11 sections will be required (1771: 160).

And such a calculation of bimetallic heating radiators per square meter will also not be accurate. To make sure how many sections in the battery are actually required, you need to make calculations using a more complex but accurate formula that takes into account all the nuances, right down to the air temperature outside the window.

This formula looks like this:

S x 100 x k1 x k2 x k3 x k4 x k5 x k6 * k7 = radiator power, where K is the heat loss parameters:

k1 – glazing type;

k2 – quality of wall insulation;

k3 – window size;

k4 – outside temperature;

k5 – external walls;

k6 is the room above the room;

k7 – ceiling height.

If you are not too lazy and calculate all these parameters, you can get the actual number of sections of a bimetallic radiator per 1 m2.

It’s not difficult to make such calculations, and even an approximate figure is better than buying a battery at random.

Bimetallic radiators are expensive and high-quality products, so before purchasing and installing, you should carefully familiarize yourself not only with such parameters as thermal power and resistance to high pressures, but also with their design.

Each manufacturer has its own attractive features for customers. You can't buy batteries just for the sake of promotions. A high-quality calculation of the thermal power of a bimetallic radiator will provide the room with heat for the next 20 - 30 years, which is much more attractive than a one-time discount.

Table for calculating the required number of sections depending on the area of ​​the heated room and the power of one section.

Calculating the number of sections of heating batteries using a calculator gives good results. Let's give a simple example for heating a room of 10 square meters. m - if the room is not corner and has double glazed windows, the required thermal power will be 1000 W. If we want to install aluminum batteries with a heat output of 180 W, we will need 6 sections - we simply divide the resulting power by the heat output of one section.

Accordingly, if you buy radiators with a heat output of one section of 200 W, then the number of sections will be 5 pieces. Will the room have high ceilings up to 3.5 m? Then the number of sections will increase to 6 pieces. Does the room have two external walls (corner room)? In this case, you need to add another section.

You also need to take into account the thermal power reserve in case of a too cold winter - it is 10-20% of the calculated one.

You can find out information about the heat transfer of batteries from their passport data. For example, the number of sections of aluminum heating radiators is calculated based on the heat transfer of one section. The same applies to bimetallic radiators (and cast iron ones, although they are not removable). When using steel radiators, the rated power of the entire device is taken (we gave examples above).

Calculation of heating radiators in a private house. Calculation of the number of radiators in a private house

If for apartments it is possible to take the average parameters of heat consumption, since they are designed for standard room dimensions, then in private construction this is incorrect. After all, many owners build their houses with ceiling heights exceeding 2.8 meters, in addition, almost all private premises are corner, so heating them will require more power. In this case, calculations based on the area of ​​the room are not suitable: you need apply the formula taking into account the volume of the room and make adjustments by applying coefficients for reducing or increasing heat transfer. The values ​​of the coefficients are as follows:

• 0.2 - the resulting final power number is multiplied by this indicator if multi-chamber plastic double-glazed windows are installed in the house.
• 1.15 – if the boiler installed in the house operates at its capacity limit. In this case, every 10 degrees of heated coolant reduces the power of the radiators by 15%.
• 1.8 is the magnification factor that needs to be applied if the room is corner and has more than one window.

To calculate the power of radiators in a private house, the following formula is used:

P = V x 41, where

• V – volume of the room;
• 41 – average power required to heat 1 sq. m of a private house.

Calculation example If you have a room of 20 sq. m (4x5 m - the length of the walls) with a ceiling height of 3 meters, then its volume is easy to calculate: 20 x 3 = 60 W. The resulting value is multiplied by the power accepted by the standards: 60 x 41 = 2460 W - this is how much heat is required to heat the area in question. Calculation of the number of radiators comes down to the following (taking into account that one radiator section emits 160 W on average, and their exact data depends on the material from which the batteries are made): 2460 / 160 = 15.4 pieces. Let's assume that a total of 16 sections are needed, then There is a need to purchase 4 radiators of 4 sections for each wall or 2 of 8 sections. At the same time, one should not forget about the adjustment coefficients.

Types of steel heating radiators

Let's consider panel-type steel radiators, which vary in size and power level. Devices can consist of one, two or three panels. Another important design element is fins (corrugated metal plates). To achieve certain thermal output values, several combinations of panels and fins are used in the design of the devices. Before choosing the most suitable device for high-quality room heating, you need to familiarize yourself with each type.

Main types of steel radiators

Steel panel batteries are available in the following types:

• Type 10. Here the device is equipped with only one panel. Such radiators are light in weight and have the lowest power.

Steel heating radiators type 10

• Type 11. Consists of one panel and a fin plate. The batteries are slightly heavier and larger than the previous type, and have higher thermal power parameters.

Steel panel radiator type 11

• Type 21. The radiator has two panels, between which there is a corrugated metal plate.
• Type 22. The battery consists of two panels, as well as two fin plates. The device is similar in size to type 21 radiators, however, compared to them, they have greater thermal power.

Steel panel radiator type 22

• Type 33. The design consists of three panels. This class is the most powerful in terms of thermal output and the largest in size. In its design, 3 fin plates are attached to three panels (hence the type number - 33).

Steel panel radiator type 33

Each of the presented types may vary in the length of the device and its height. Based on these indicators, the thermal power of the device is formed. Calculate yourself this parameter impossible. However, each model of panel radiator undergoes appropriate testing by the manufacturer, so all results are entered into special tables. Using them, it is very convenient to choose a suitable battery for heating various types of premises.

When creating a new or replacing an old heating system for a private house or apartment, it is necessary to calculate many parameters, including the power of radiators for each room, which depends on their size, heat transfer and the number of sections. Why is this calculation of heating radiators so important? Because, with the wrong approach to the selection process, the heated room will be either cold or hot and a comfortable temperature will not be achieved.

Parameters influencing the choice of radiator size

You can calculate the number of heating radiator sections for each room of a private house yourself or contact a specialist who will accurately determine all the necessary indicators and draw up a professional diagram. But if you are confident in your abilities, then the battery calculation is calculated using special formulas and calculations, additional information and experience, determined required power heating equipment and the order of its placement in the room.

The following parameters influence the calculation of heating radiators:

• Wall thickness and material. Wood, brick, and aerated concrete have different thermal insulation properties and heat retention factors.
• Number of windows, their size and type. Double-glazed windows and wooden windows different manufacturers with different characteristics (number of glasses, insulating material, mobile elements and so on). The ratio of the area of ​​walls and windows is important.
• Climate and local weather conditions. Good for northern regions high-quality heating very important.
• Room area, ceiling height. The higher these indicators, the more power the radiator should have.
• The number of walls separating the room from the street, the presence of heated rooms at the top.
• Radiator material. The choice of type of heating device will determine the heat transfer of its materials and how long it will take to heat the rooms in the house.
• Other criteria.

Calculation by room area

An approximate calculation before purchasing heating batteries can be made based on the area of ​​the house, apartment or individual rooms. It is important to take into account the heat loss characteristics of each room, so you need to add 20% to the value of the received thermal power.

With ceiling heights of up to 3 meters, 100 W of thermal power per 1 m2 is required. Initially, the area of ​​the room is calculated; to do this, you need to multiply its length in meters by its width. Next, you need to carry out a simple calculation of the required thermal power, for example, multiply 20 m2 by the norm of 100 W and get the result of 2000 kW of heat for the room. Afterwards, we calculate the required number of sections based on the heat transfer data of one section declared by the manufacturer for specific model radiator For example, if this indicator is 150 W, then we divide 2000 kW by 150 and get the result 13.3. That is, for a room of 20 m2 you need 13 radiator sections.

If the room has many windows or has a corner location, if the batteries are covered with protective or decorative screen, you must remember to add 15-20% of the thermal power to 2000 W (20% of 2000 W is 200 W or another section to the radiator).

For enclosed areas of the house or with other heat sources (kitchen) and reduced heat transfer, the percentage does not need to be added.

There are ready-made automatic programs for carrying out such calculations on the Internet; you just need to enter the area and other values ​​and get the result.

Calculation by room volume

How to calculate the number of heating radiators based on volume rather than square meters of area is considered more accurate because the height of the ceilings is taken into account, which can be high in private homes. According to SNiP requirements, heating 1 cubic meter requires 41 W of heat. You can calculate the volume of a room by multiplying its area by the height of the ceilings. For example, a room of 20 m2 has a ceiling height of 4 meters, calculate its volume, multiply these two values ​​and get a result of 80 m3. Then, you need to find out how much heat the room will need according to the standards; for this, multiply 80 m3 by 41 W and get 3280 W. Based on the approximate value of the thermal power of one section, equal to 150 W, we obtain the required number of sections for heating the room in the amount of 22 pieces.

It must be remembered that manufacturers often show maximum thermal performance and heat transfer in the characteristics of the device, which is difficult to achieve in real life, so there is always an error in independent calculations.

With a professional approach to the question of how to calculate the number of radiator sections, errors are taken into account, and the result is as accurate as possible. Also, if the calculation results in a very large number of sections, then you should not install several meters of the radiator, since its heat transfer will not be effective; it is better to divide it into several elements and arrange them in different parts premises.

Calculator for calculating heating radiator sections

When equipping a home with a heating system, it is necessary to take a particularly careful approach to the design stage of this unit. Thus, the calculation of thermal energy is an integral part of the design of any heating system, since the quality of heating, in particular, depends on it. Therefore, it is extremely important to know how these calculations are performed, why they are needed in general, and how to calculate sections of heating radiators using a calculator.

What is the methodology based on?

The method for calculating thermal energy for heating involves determining the square footage of the heat exchanger surface required to heat a home. Thus, the calculation of heat for heating is carried out taking into account the highest level of temperature conditions of the coolant intended for those heating elements for which, in fact, the calculations are performed. Simply put, if water is used as a coolant, then its average temperature in the common line should be taken as a basis. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the flow of liquid volume in the circuit.

If steam masses are used as a coolant, then the thermal calculation of the heating system will be based on higher temperature values.

Also reading with this article: Do-it-yourself steam heating

Calculation Basics

Calculation of heating radiator sections, for which the calculator will be very relevant, largely depends on the type of heat exchanger used, as well as on the magnitude of its heat transfer.

What should you pay attention to?

When calculating thermal energy for heating, you need to pay attention to such a nuance as heat loss. The magnitude of the desired value depends on them. If we are talking about a private house, then the amount of energy loss may be as follows:

• through wall ceilings and floor surfaces in the absence of full thermal insulation - up to 25%;
• through the chimney – up to 15%
• through window frames old model – up to 15%;
• through attic floor- to 10%.

In addition, when determining the heat energy required to heat a house, it is worth paying attention to the presence of a basement, which is not covered by a layer of thermal insulation with the floor surface of the house itself. And if there is one, then another 15% must be added to the result obtained.

On average, about 50% of the cost of heating in a poorly insulated house literally goes out onto the street. Even minimal insulation of the floor, walls and ceiling can already reduce heat loss by 25%.

Reading with this article: How to insulate the roof of a house from the inside - a review of materials and technologies

Easy way to calculate

As a rule, many people do not use intricate formulas to calculate the heat required for heating a room. In most cases, the calculation is carried out in the direction “from small to large”. That is, the required amount of heat for a separate structure is calculated, and the resulting values ​​are summed up. About 15% is added to them to ensure full operation of the heating devices without overload and the result is ready. And the values ​​for each room can be taken as a basis when calculating the required number of heat exchangers.

The simplest and most frequently used method among people who are not involved in professional installation of heating systems is to take 100 W of energy per square meter of housing as the norm.

Based on this, the formula for calculating thermal energy for heating the entire house will be as follows:

• Q – required power for a specific structure;
• S – square footage of the building (sq.m);
• 100 – specific performance indicator per unit of area (W/sq.m).

Calculation of the area of ​​a separate room (room) is determined by a simple formula:

• a is the length of the room;
• b – width;
• S is the area of ​​the room.

This formula is suitable for calculating the square footage of houses of simple shape (square, rectangular).

If the room has a complex shape, you should initially divide it into simple shapes, calculate their area and sum up the resulting values.

An example of calculating the volume of heat for a room 6 x 3.4 meters

Now let's calculate the heat energy for a room 6 x 3.4. First, we determine the quadrature of the structure:

• Q = 20.4 x 100 = 2040 W (20.4 kW, which is rounded to 21 kW)

That is, to heat a building with the specified area you need to spend approximately 2.1 kW.

Of course, the method is very primitive, but it is good enough to navigate the range of equipment and understand at least approximately how much boiler power is needed.

Of course, if you want your heating system to be as efficient as possible, you need to give preference to more precise methods.

Accurate method for determining heat energy

In order to carry out more accurate calculations, many qualified specialists use a somewhat complicated formula, which looks like this:

• 100 - specific performance indicator per unit area (W/m2);
• S – square footage of the building (m2);

K1 – the amount of heat energy consumption through double-glazed windows, which can be as follows:

• 1.27 – old wooden frames with ordinary glass;
• 1 – old wooden frames with ordinary glass, insulated along the contour;
• 0.85 – modern metal-plastic double-glazed windows

K2 – the amount of heat loss through the wall ceilings:

• 1.27 – absence of a thermal insulation layer;
• 1 – minimal thermal insulation;
• 0,854 – high level thermal insulation

K3 – coefficient showing the ratio of the square footage of the structure in relation to the area of ​​the windows:

• 50% - 1,2;
• 40% - 1,1;
• 30% - 1,0;
• 20% - 0,9;
• 10% - 0,8

K4 – temperature coefficient outside the structure in the coldest time of the year:

• -35°С – 1.5;
• -25°C – 1.3;
• -20°С – 1.1;
• -15°C – 0.9;
• -10°С – 0.7

K5 – coefficient showing the number of walls in direct contact with the external environment:

• 4 walls – 1.4;
• 3 walls – 1.3;
• 2 walls – 1.2;
• 1 wall – 1.1

K6 – type of thermal insulation of a structure for which heat energy is determined:

• heated building – 0.8;
• warm attic – 0.9;
• unheated housing – 1

K7 – coefficient indicating the height of the ceiling:

• 4.5 meters – 1.2;
• 4 meters – 1.15;
• 3.5 meters – 1.1;
• 3 meters – 1.05;
• 2.5 meters – 1.

All that remains is to substitute all the necessary values ​​and determine the amount of heat energy.

In order for the heating system to operate as efficiently as possible and at the same time not consume a lot of energy resources, you need to know how many radiator segments are needed per 1m^2 of housing. But to do this, you need to determine the heat transfer of the heating device itself. You can, of course, take an abstruse formula and try to calculate this value. Or you can use the general data that heating equipment manufacturers offer us.

Of course, these values ​​are somewhat averaged, but at the same time, this is quite enough to determine the required number of sections for heating a particular structure.

Let's consider an example of calculating the number of radiators for the same room for which we calculated the heat energy. So, to heat a room 6 * 3.4, as we have already determined, 2040 W is required. Knowing the approximate heat transfer of radiators, we calculate the number of segments required to create comfortable temperature conditions: 2040 / 120 (if we are talking about cast iron batteries) = 17 sections.

This number of radiators will be enough to make you feel comfortable and cozy in the room. If you received not a whole number, but a fraction, then you should round it up. But, again, we are talking about living rooms. Whereas if we are talking about improving, for example, a kitchen, then it is advisable to round the resulting result down.

Here, in fact, are all the subtleties of determining heat energy for heating a home. We hope you find this information useful.

VIDEO: Calculation of the number of heating radiators per area

www.portaltepla.ru

How to rationally calculate the required number of radiator sections

Warmth and comfort in the house is the dream of every person. Modern heating systems allow you to save optimal temperature in any season. But only if they are used correctly. To ensure that the climatic conditions in your home remain comfortable during the cold period, before installing batteries you need to find out the number of radiator sections.

Comfortable conditions during the cold season

The following methods are distinguished:

• calculation by room area;
• calculation using volume.

Let's take a closer look at each of them.

Using the area

SNiP data says that in our weather conditions we need approximately 100 W of heat per square meter. We take a calculator and multiply the area by the power for 1 m2. That is, for a building measuring 20 m2, the calculation will look like this: This means that the total heating power should be 2000 W.

When calculating power in this way, you should understand that no matter how much you calculate the area, you will have to heat the volume. This calculation method may be correct for apartments and houses with a typical ceiling height of 2.7 m. But what to do if this same height does not meet the standards?

Using volume

To find the volume, multiply the area and height. Then we look again at the regulatory documents and find out what for brick buildings the norm is 34, and for concrete - 41 W per m3.

Further actions are similar to the previous calculation method. Just replace the area with the volume value. Let's assume that our height is 3.2 m. With an area of ​​20 m2, the volume of such a room will be 64 m3 (). And if our room is built of brick, then: It is this power that the radiator in the building with the given characteristics should provide.

Calculation of the number of sections of heating radiators also directly depends on the radiator that will be installed and its power. Therefore, before making calculations, it is advisable to find out what types of radiators there are.

Modern radiators

Each of them has its own specific application and power. But first things first.

Metal radiators

They are divided into two types - tubular and panel. Panel units can heat up quickly, but they also cool quickly. Therefore they need constant influx heat, which makes their use in autonomous system heating is unprofitable.

Panel radiators made of metal

Tubular radiators take longer to heat up and, accordingly, retain heat longer. This significantly expands the possibilities of their use. Although it is worth considering that they are not suitable for high pressure systems.

Metal tubular radiator

The power of one battery of this type ranges from 670 to 6500 W.

Aluminum radiators

They are distinguished by their high efficiency, which makes them quite popular.

Aluminum radiators

One of the main features is the high demands on the quality of the coolant. For centralized heating systems this is rather a disadvantage, but for individual heating systems it is a completely logical decision when choosing.

One section can provide 190W.

Radiators made of cast iron

With the advent of fresh design solutions in their performance they acquired new relevance.

Radiators made of cast iron

Although the technical indicators of batteries of this type are quite high. Their main advantages are reliability and unpretentiousness. With high-quality installation they can serve for a long time and properly.

True, the power is quite small - one section provides 145 W.

They consist of two components: inside - aluminum, outside - steel.

Bimetallic radiators

Attractive appearance, ease of installation and operation, as well as high power made them leaders in popularity among all types of batteries. But they also have a drawback - they are used only when high blood pressure.

The power of one section is 185 W.

Calculation algorithm

There is only one algorithm for calculating the number of sections of heating radiators. It involves dividing the total power by the section power. It is advisable to round the total up to create a small reserve of heat.

For example, let’s carry out the calculation for a room of the same dimensions as before.

By area

With this calculation, the total power in our example was equal to 2000 W. According to the algorithm, it needs to be divided by the standard amount of heat of one section - for the aluminum type it is 190 W. We count: . We round up and get 11 sections.

By volume

With a height of 3.20 m, the required power was 2176 W. We count: . After rounding - 12 radiator sections.

This method of calculation eliminates the need to figure out how many radiator sections are needed per 1 m2 and makes it possible to carry out calculations for the entire room at once.

Important

It must be emphasized that all data is provided for sections standard size, the center-to-center distance of which is 50 cm. It corresponds to the distance between the centers of the holes for supplying and discharging coolant.

Three radiator models with a center distance of 50 cm

If the center distance of the battery differs from the standard, the calculation will have to be corrected. To do this, you need to determine the ratio between two radiator sizes - actual and standard. And then apply it to the result.

Let's return to our example. We found that for a room of 20 m2 with a normal height, 11 aluminum sections with a standard spacing are needed. Let's recalculate their number for a distance of 40 cm. First of all, we find the coefficient: . And then we correct the result: . The rounded result is 14.

As you can see, the smaller the area of ​​​​the batteries, the more of them will be needed. And this is not the only factor that requires finalizing the results. There are other nuances that affect the calculation of sections. They all operate differently, but nevertheless require amendments to the basic calculations. Correction for any of them is carried out by multiplying the initial result by the required coefficient.

Correction for walls

In this matter important role plays a role in the number of walls that directly face the street, thereby increasing heat loss. For rooms with one external wall the coefficient will be 1.1, with two - 1.2, with three - 1.3.

The thickness and quality of the external walls also makes its own adjustments. With poor insulation or without it at all, the coefficient is 1.27.

Correction for windows

They account for 15–35% of total heat loss. For windows, two coefficients are also used - for size and for quality. The size of the window in this case is given as the ratio between the areas of the window and the room:

• 10% - 0,8;
• 20% - 0,9;
• 30% - 1,0;
• 40% - 1,1;
• 50% - 1,2.

Correction for roof and basement

An important factor is the temperature in the room located above you. For a living room, the adjusting factor is 0.7. A warm attic gives a value of 0.9, and an unheated attic gives a value of 1.

In a private house, the refinement coefficient will be equal to 1.5, all results will increase by 50%.

Correction for location

The quality of its operation also depends on the place where the battery is installed. For example, protective screen can take from 7 to 25% of power. Installation in a niche reduces productivity by 7%, window sill - by 3–5%.

Features of temperature conditions

It is worth paying special attention to the different temperature conditions heating systems. Data sheets are given for a mode assuming a temperature of 90/70 for supply and return, respectively. The estimated air temperature in the room is 20 °C.

But now this mode is practically not used. Much more often you can find indicators of 75/65/20 or 55/45/20. Therefore, you will need to find out which mode you are using and recalculate the indicators for it.

The calculation of the number of sections of heating radiators itself is quite simple. But the number of adjustments can be a little scary or at least puzzling. In this case, you can use the online calculators below. It is enough to enter all the initial data into it, and at the output you will receive the required number of sections. And remember, any difficulties in calculating will be more than compensated by the comfortable warmth in your home.

Calculator for the number of radiator sections

Heating calculator for a private house

repaireasily.ru

How to calculate the number of radiator sections per room

To make the house warm and cozy, it is not enough to choose the right batteries - you need to accurately calculate the required number of battery sections to warm up the entire room.

• Counting by area
• Additional factors
• Counting sections by volume
• What to consider when calculating?
• Accurate counting of radiators
• Calculation formula
• Calculation coefficients
• Calculation of the number of heating radiator sections video:

Counting by area

You can approximately calculate the number of sections if you know the area of ​​the room in which the batteries will be installed. This is the most primitive calculation method; it works well for houses where the ceiling height is small (2.4-2.6 m).

The correct performance of radiators is calculated in “thermal power”. According to standards, to heat one “square” of apartment area you need 100 watts - the total area is multiplied by this figure. For example, a room of 25 square meters will require 2500 watts.

Types of sections

The amount of heat calculated in this way is divided by the heat transfer from the battery section (indicated by the manufacturer). When making calculations, the fractional number is rounded up (so that the radiator is guaranteed to cope with warming up). If batteries are chosen for rooms with low heat loss or additional heating devices (for example, for a kitchen), you can round the result down - the lack of power will not be noticeable.

Let's look at an example:

If you plan to install heating radiators with a heat output of 204 W in a room of 25 sq.m., the formula will look like this: 100 W (heating power for 1 sq.m.) * 25 sq.m. (total area) / 204 W (heat output of one radiator section ) = 12.25. Rounding the number up, we get 13 - the number of battery sections that will be required to heat the room.

Note!

For a kitchen of the same area, it is enough to take 12 sections of radiators.

Calculation of the number of heating radiator sections video:

Additional factors

The number of radiators per square meter depends on the characteristics of a particular room (availability interior doors, number and tightness of windows) and even on the location of the apartment in the building. A room with a loggia or balcony, especially if they are not glazed, releases heat faster. A room on the corner of a building, where not one but two walls come into contact with the “outside world,” will require more batteries

The number of battery sections that will be required to heat the room is also affected by the material used to construct the building and the presence of additional insulating cladding on the walls. In addition, rooms with windows facing the courtyard will retain heat better than those with windows facing the street and will require less heating elements.

For each rapidly cooling room, the required power, calculated by the area of ​​the room, should be increased by 15-20%. Based on this number, the required number of sections is calculated.

Connection difference

Counting sections by volume

Calculation based on room volume is more accurate than calculation based on area, although general principle remains the same. This scheme also takes into account the height of the ceiling in the house.

According to the standard, 1 cubic meter of space requires 41 watts. For rooms with quality modern finishing, where the windows have double-glazed windows and the walls are treated with insulation, the required value is only 34 W. The volume is calculated by multiplying the area by the ceiling height (in meters).

For example, the volume of a room is 25 square meters with a ceiling height of 2.5 m: 25 * 2.5 = 62.5 cubic meters. A room of the same area, but with 3 m ceilings, will be larger in volume: 25 * 3 = 75 cubic meters.

The number of sections of heating radiators is calculated by dividing the required total power of the radiators by the heat transfer (power) of each section.

For example, let's take a room with old windows with an area of ​​25 sq.m and with ceilings of 3 m, you need to take 16 sections of batteries: 75 cubic meters (room volume) * 41 W (amount of heat to heat 1 cubic meter of a room where double-glazed windows are not installed) / 204 W (heat transfer from one battery section) = 15.07 (for a residential area, the value is rounded up).

The photo shows the number of radiators per square meter

What to consider when calculating?

Manufacturers, when indicating the power of one battery section, are a little disingenuous and inflate the numbers in the expectation that the water temperature in the heating system will be maximum. In fact, in most cases, heating water does not warm up to the calculated value. The passport that comes with the radiators also indicates the minimum heat transfer values. When making calculations, it is better to focus on them, then the house will be guaranteed to be warm.

Note!

Batteries covered with a mesh or screen give off slightly less heat than “open” ones.

The exact amount of heat "lost" depends on the material and design of the screen itself. If you plan to use this designer construction, you need to increase the design power of the heating system by 20%. The same applies to batteries located in niches.

The photo shows the calculation of the number of sections of bimetallic radiators

Accurate counting of radiators

How to calculate the number of heating radiators for a room in a non-standard room - for example, for a private house? Approximate estimates may not be sufficient. The number of radiators is affected a large number of factors:

• room height;
• total number of windows and their configuration;
• insulation;
• ratio of the total surface area of ​​windows and floors;
• average temperature outside in cold weather;
• number of external walls;
• type of room located above the room.

For an accurate calculation, use the formula and correction factors.

Radiator for large room

Calculation formula

The general formula for calculating the amount of heat that radiators should generate is:

KT = 100 W/sq.m * P * K1 * …* K7

P means the area of ​​the room, CT is the total amount of heat required to maintain a comfortable microclimate. Values ​​from K1 to K7 are correction factors that are selected and applied depending on various conditions. The resulting CT indicator is divided by the heat transfer from the battery segment to calculate the required number of elements (aluminum radiator sections will require a different number than, for example, cast iron ones).

Additional sections

Calculation coefficients

K1 - coefficient for taking into account the type of windows:

• classic “old” windows - 1.27;
• double modern double glazing - 1.0;
• triple package - 0.85.

K2 - correction for thermal insulation of house walls:

• low - 1.27;
• normal (double row of brick or wall with insulating layer) - 1.0;
• high - 0.85.

K3 is chosen depending on the proportion in which the area of ​​the room and the windows installed in it relate. If the window area is equal to 10% of the floor area, a coefficient of 0.8 is applied. For every additional 10%, 0.1 is added: for a ratio of 20%, the coefficient value will be 0.9, 30% - 1.0, and so on.

K4 - coefficient selected depending on the average temperature outside the window per week minimum temperature in a year. The climate also determines how much heat is needed for the room. At an average temperature of -35, a coefficient of 1.5 is used, at a temperature of -25 - 1.3, then for every 5 degrees the coefficient is reduced by 0.2.

K5 is an indicator for adjusting heat calculations depending on the number of external walls. The basic indicator is 1 (no walls in contact with the “street”). Each outer wall of the room adds 0.1 to the indicator.

K6 - coefficient for taking into account the type of room above the calculated one:

• heated room - 0.8;
• heated attic space - 0.9;
• attic space without heating - 1.

K7 is a coefficient that is taken depending on the height of the room. For a room with a ceiling of 2.5 m, the indicator is 1, every additional 0.5 m of ceilings adds 0.05 to the indicator (3 m - 1.05 and so on).

To simplify calculations, many radiator manufacturers offer online calculator, where provided Various types batteries and it is possible to configure additional parameters without “manual” calculation and selection of coefficients.

Connecting sections

Calculation depending on the radiator material

Batteries made from different materials, give off different amounts of heat and heat the room with different efficiency. The higher the heat transfer of the material, the fewer radiator sections will be required to warm the room to a comfortable level.

Most Popular cast iron batteries heating systems and bimetallic radiators replacing them. The average heat transfer from a single cast iron battery section is 50-100 W. This is quite a bit, but the number of sections for a room is easiest to calculate “by eye” specifically for cast iron radiators. There should be approximately the same number of “squares” in the room (it is better to take 2-3 more to compensate for the “underheating” of water in the heating system).

The heat output of one element of bimetallic radiators is 150-180 W. This indicator can also be affected by the coating of the batteries (for example, painted oil paint radiators heat the room a little less). The number of sections of bimetallic radiators is calculated according to any of their schemes, with the total amount of heat required divided by the heat transfer value from one segment. If you want to purchase radiators with installation in Moscow, we recommend that you contact us here. The company has been on the market for a long time and has proven itself well!

Quartz heating battery