Of course, now on the shelves of construction supermarkets and in the assortment of a huge number of online stores you can find wide choose water pumps of various models and purposes. Deep ones are available for sale borehole pumps, surface devices. It would seem that the prices are quite affordable, but, nevertheless, some things can and should be done yourself. This is a kind of relaxation, exercise for the mind and hands. Moreover, making a water pump with your own hands is quite simple.
Why do you need a homemade pump?
The biggest drawback of all pumps offered for sale in stores is the fact that most of them must be connected to power lines. But this phenomenon in many dachas, especially in the initial period of their construction, is quite rare.
In addition, electricity tariffs can be “biting”, and every summer resident or owner knows about cases of power outages country house. That's why it would be a good idea for every frugal homeowner to have a backup unit at their disposal that can pump water. If you have such a device at hand, you can always provide water to the plants in your garden, and you can simply use it at any time. critical moment.
How does a simple water piston pump work?
The most common device for extracting water from wells or reservoirs is a piston-type pump. The principle of its operation is very simple.
This type of pump has a cylinder inside which a piston moves. Inside the cylinder there is an inlet valve and an outlet pipe, which can also be equipped with a valve. The outlet valve can also be mounted directly on the piston. To facilitate work, a spring can be installed between the piston and the inlet valve, which attracts the piston to the end of the cylinder with the inlet valve.
When the piston moves along the cylinder, a vacuum of air is created, which opens the valve and draws water through the inlet pipe. When the piston moves back, the inlet valve closes and the water exits through the outlet pipe or valve. The motor for this type of pump is muscle power and its performance depends on the volume of the cylinder and the applied forces. Of course, you cannot provide a complete water supply with the help of such a device, but at a critical moment it can easily pump water for you to water your garden beds. Such pumps are installed in shallow wells, the so-called Abyssinian-type tube wells.
It is quite possible to make such a simple piston pump yourself, having at hand a minimal set of equipment and possessing the simplest technological skills.
How to make a piston pump yourself
Step 1
We form a cylinder body. It can be made from a piece of ordinary metal pipe with a cross-section of 8-10 centimeters. The length of such a segment should be about 80-100 centimeters. In order for the piston to move along the inner surface of the pipe without delay, it is necessary to use a pipe with the appropriate characteristics or process a section. Handle inner surface This can be done using specialized equipment or with ordinary sandpaper, which is mounted on a wooden stick.
It is worth noting that a perfectly round internal cross-section is not at all necessary for a piston pump - the body of the pumping device can be made from a pipe of any configuration, for example, square or hexagonal.
Step 2
Brackets are welded to the pump body to secure the pump lever. They are made from a metal corner. The pump lever should fit freely between them.
Step 3
Closer to the top of the future pump, a hole is made in the body for subsequent connection of the drain spout, which can be located on any part of the pipe relative to the lever brackets: opposite or to the side.
Step 4
We make a cover that covers the lower end of the piston pump housing. If you have the skills welding work, then it is reasonable to cover the end with a metal welded plate. But the cover for the pump housing can be made from any available materials. hard materials. For example, larch has excellent resistance to moisture. Over time, it only becomes stronger from contact with water. However, with wooden pipe It will be difficult to join the well head, so the most reasonable solution would be a thick steel cap, inside of which a hole is cut for the well pipe head, or a pipe is welded to it.
Step 5
For more efficient work The pump can also have a top cover. It will keep the collected water from splashing. There are no special requirements for strength, so it can be made of plastic or wood with a hole for the pump rod. During operation, the rod will move slightly in the direction that coincides with the location of the pump lever, so that the hole should be shaped like a slot.
Step 6
We make a piston. It is a plate identical in shape to the cross-section of the pump housing.
The piston consists of two parts:
- the piston itself 2-3 centimeters thick, which will create a pressure difference when moving;
- covering him piece of rubber about 5 millimeters thick.
3-4 holes with a diameter of a centimeter are made in the piston body; the top of the piston is covered with rubber, which plays the role of a kind of valve. A hole is formed in the center of both piston parts for attaching the rod.
Step 7
We make a pump rod. It should be attached at one end to the center of the piston (tightened on the reverse side with a nut), and at the other end to the piston lever. The rod is made of a metal rod with a cross-section of approximately 0.5-1 centimeter.
Step 8
We make a piston lever. We make it from a metal pipe with a diameter of about 3 centimeters. It should be attached in the middle part to a long bolt passing between the two brackets. At the top, the pipe is flattened and holes are cut in it for the bolt securing the rod. The part of the piston lever that you will hold with your hands is wrapped with electrical tape or cord for convenience.
Step 9
We make an inlet valve. It is a piece of thick rubber (or other durable but heavy material) shaped to match the cross-section of the pump housing. The cross-section of the valve should be larger than the internal cross-section of the head of the water intake well, but smaller than the internal cross-section of the pump housing. A guide is attached to the valve in the center, which will allow it to return to the well pipe after lifting. The length of the guide rod must be greater than the distance from the lower end of the pump housing to the drain hole.
Step 10
We install the pump housing with its lower end on the pipe. If you pre-cut threads on the well head and on the pump inlet pipe, then the connection will go through without problems. To increase the strength of the structure, supports can be welded to the pump body, which are fixed to a horizontal frame lying on the ground.
The inlet valve rod is lowered into the hole in the lower end of the pump leading into the well pipe. Then a piston with a rod attached to it is inserted into the pump housing. The pump lever is bolted to the rod, which in turn is bolted to the brackets. Our pump is ready.
At the initial stage, the piston is at the bottom, the intake valve is closed, the end of the lever is at hand in the upper position. When you press the lever, the piston goes up, creates a vacuum and raises the inlet valve, drawing in water. At the same time, the water that is above the piston rises up and pours out through the neck. After reaching the bottom point, you change the force vector and begin to lift the lever. The lower inlet valve closes and prevents water from flowing into the well. The rubber on the piston rises and allows water to flow into the space above the piston. The piston reaches the bottom point and the cycle repeats.
A pump of this type can be used not only to pump water out of a shallow well, but also to lift it from a nearby body of water. To do this, it is not the well head that is attached to the lower pipe, but a hose, the other end of which is thrown into the nearest pond or lake. It is worth considering that such pumps are not capable of creating water pressure or raising it to a level exceeding the height of the sewing neck above the ground. It is reasonable to dig a barrel or bathtub next to such a pump, into which you can collect water and then use it as needed.
We build a wave pump with our own hands
You can make a rather interesting device with your own hands that will pump water from the nearest body of water without the use of muscular effort, solely using the energy of the waves.
Step 1
The main working part of such a device is an accordion - a hollow cylinder that changes its volume when it is stretched or contracted vertically. You can rack your brain trying to find it, but in fact, you can limit yourself to just one row of “accordion”. A car camera of a suitable volume will help us out. The nipple will also be useful to us - it will perfectly play the role of an exhaust valve. A narrow hose is connected to it, preferably equipped with a mesh valve at the end. At the bottom of the tire, which will lie on the water, another nickel is glued, but in reverse. It will serve as the release valve in our device. A hose is led from it to a container on the shore.
Step 2
At the bottom of the chamber there is a platform equal in size to the chamber. The platform can be made from any suitable wood material. Its buoyancy can be artificially increased by gluing pieces of foam plastic or simply empty closed plastic bottles to it from below. The bottom platform is attached to the bottom of the camera, for example, with tape or tape.
Step 3
From above, the position of the camera is fixed by a wooden platform of a suitable size.
Step 4
Along the sides of the chamber and platforms, pillars are dug into the bottom of the reservoir. Two is enough. The upper platform is rigidly attached to the pillars, and the lower one slides along them, for example, along wire loops.
That's all. The wave lifts the lower platform, compresses the chamber and displaces the water in it into the hose through the outlet valve. The wave descends and creates a vacuum in the chamber, which sucks water from the reservoir through the inlet valve. The system operates absolutely without human intervention.
This pump can be built using other materials, but general principle his actions remain the same.
We build our own fire pump
Why not combine business with pleasure and build a water pump that will run on the power of fire? This way you can combine three endless things: observing the fire, the flow of water and the operation of others, in this case the pump. Such a pump can be built using an ordinary iron barrel with a capacity of 200 liters.
- We are building a stove to heat the barrel. It may be a primitive structure made of bricks. You can supplement it with a grate.
- Let's modify the barrel. An outlet tap should be located in its lower part.
- IN top cover iron barrel into the hole there and insert a rubber hose. The hose should fit tightly, without gaps. We place a mesh filter at the second end of the hose and throw it into the nearest body of water.
- Fill a barrel with a couple of liters of water and build a fire under its bottom. Close the outlet valve. After heating, the expanded air will go into the reservoir. Then the fire is extinguished and the contracting air draws water from the pond into the barrel through the hose.
Building a solar powered pump
Instead of fire energy, you can use heat sun rays.
Such a device will continuously pump water into Summer shower on a hot day. A pump powered by solar energy is being built using the following technology.
- We are looking for a lattice of tubes. You can paint existing structures with black paint. The grid must have one exit.
- The output of the grid is carried out in lateral surface containers, such as an aluminum can.
- Inlet and outlet valves are placed on the container lid. You can use nipples from car tires.
- A rubber cylinder, for example, a piece of the same car inner tube, is connected to the grate pipe inside the can.
- The outlet pipe in the can lid is connected by a hose or pipeline to a pipe immersed in a container of water or in a well. The second end of the pipe from the well is led out through an additional outlet above the black grate and is equipped with a tip from a garden watering can.
The pump is ready. When the grate heats up, the air in it expands and inflates the balloon, displacing the air from it. The rubber balloon is inflated and, through a release valve, forces air through a tube into a pipe immersed in water. Air bubbles enter the pipe and rise upward, carrying the water with them. Part of the water is drained through the watering can and cools the grate. The cycle repeats again.
You can improve the device by pumping gas from a household propane-butane cylinder into the grille.
Such a device can work even in winter, only now atmospheric air cools the contents of the grate, and water from an underground well (its temperature is above zero) heats it.
We build a water pump from a car brake chamber
If you have several brake chambers lying around in your garage, you can also use them to make a simple water pump.
- We disassemble the brake chamber. We seal all found holes with sealed patches.
- We install two valves on the lower surface: inlet and outlet.
- A hole is cut in the upper part of the part for the piston rod.
- The piston itself will be a piece of rubber - a membrane sandwiched between the upper and lower parts.
- We connect the membrane with the rod through gaskets and bolts.
- At the side of the device we attach a bracket for connecting the pump lever.
- We connect the lever to the bracket, and the end of the lever to the rod.
The pump is ready. By moving the lever, we create a vacuum or excess pressure in the lower part of the device. Depending on the position of the membrane, the inlet or outlet valves open.
As you can see, with a little skill and imagination, you can build a water pump yourself from almost any available means. If you want to learn a few more techniques, watch the tutorial video.
Video - DIY water pump
The device of the simplest piston pump
There are situations in life where a little pumping may be needed. With its help you can supply air to the aquarium, to the oven, or use it for some of your other homemade products. In this instruction we will look at how you can make a small pump with your own hands that runs on an engine direct current. You can use a battery or power supply as a power source. This is just an example; you can make a homemade product of any size and performance for yourself.
Materials and tools for homemade work:
- motor;
- battery or power supply;
- bicycle camera;
- canister lid;
- felt-tip pen body or other suitable tube;
- glue;
- balloon;
- old plastic bank card (or other source of plastic);
- MDF sheet;
- switch;
- drill;
- soldering iron;
- scissors;
- pliers;
- clamp;
- a bolt with a nut, a bicycle spoke and other small things.
Pump manufacturing process:
Step one. Manufacturing of the pump body
To make the pump body, the author used plastic cover from the canister. Take a drill with a 10 mm drill and drill holes at equal distances. The more there are, the higher the pump performance will be.
Finally, take sandpaper and sand the drilling areas. It is necessary to remove the burrs, especially on the inside, so that the valve fits well.
Step two. We manufacture and install check valve
In order for the pump to pump air, it must have a check valve. Thanks to it, air will come in, but will not be able to come out. To make the valve, the author used an old bicycle inner tube. Simply cut out a circle to fit inside the lid. The rubber should cover all holes. Now we drill a hole in the center of the lid and screw the valve using a screw with a nut, do not forget to place a washer under the screw.
Step three. Making an outlet tube
To be able to connect a hose to the pump and use the outgoing air for your own purposes, you will need a piece of tubing. For these purposes, the author adapted the body of a felt-tip pen. Drill a hole of a suitable diameter in the side of the lid and insert the tube. It is important here that the tube fits tightly and there are no leaks; it is wise to use hot glue for fastening and sealing.
Step four. Piston
At this step we will make the piston. The author makes it out of two plastic plates with which SIM cards are sold. Old ones will also work bank cards and so on. First, cut out two circles. Their diameter should be slightly smaller than the inside of the pump. Clean surfaces thoroughly sandpaper for good adhesion.
You will also need to make a membrane, since there is no tightness between the body and the piston; it is provided by the membrane. It should be soft and airtight; a regular inflatable ball is perfect for such purposes. We cut out another circle from it, which should be slightly larger in size than the pump body so that the membrane can be secured.
After the glue has hardened, drill a hole in the center of the piston and install the nut from a bicycle spoke. It can also be secured with hot glue; the author assembles everything with regular hot glue.
The membrane can be tied to the body with threads, secured with an elastic band or glued. Also remember about tightness.
Step five. Pump base
To mount the motor and connect it to the pump, you will need to make a base. The author made it from a piece of MDF. To prevent the base from moving when the pump is running due to vibrations, the author attaches four legs to its base with glue.
Now all that remains is to secure the pump. Here, too, you will need a piece of elastic or foam to glue the body to the base.
Step six. We mount the engine and connect it to the pump
The reciprocating movements from the engine are transmitted to the pump using a piece of bicycle spoke. Having picked up desired length, we bite off an extra piece from the knitting needle; we need the piece that has a thread on it. We screw it into the bicycle nut installed in the piston. On the opposite part of the knitting needle, using pliers, we form a bend in the shape of the letter “G”.
For the motor shaft, you will need to make a “crankshaft”; the author cuts out a round piece of fiberglass sheet and drills two holes in it. But you can think of more simple design. The knee can be made from the same knitting needle, plastic gear from a toy, a watch, and so on. Please note that the farther from the center the hole for the connecting rod is drilled, the greater the stroke the piston will have. Make sure your piston has enough travel.
That's all, now all that remains is to secure the engine itself. Here you need a piece of a block; you need to carve a groove in it to install the engine. Now let's glue this whole thing together. The author uses super glue everywhere, but it would be safer to use hot glue, or better yet, epoxy. Still, the engine is subject to considerable loads.
Step seven. Electrical part
The author powers his pump from a battery cell removed from a laptop, probably an 18650. The battery has a capacity of 2200 mAh and an operating voltage of 3.7V. The homemade product is also equipped with a switch for convenience. Solder all the wires, as vibrations will cause them to shake quite a bit. Secure the battery and switch using hot glue. That's all, the pump is ready, you can start testing!
Thanks to the battery, it can be easily transported, but if this is not necessary, it is easier to power the pump from the power supply.
Have you decided to landscape your area with a water fountain? Great idea for those who like to create elements of “street decor” in their country house or cottage. Today, a high-quality and modern fountain is not cheap, and for many it simply becomes a pipe dream. However, do not despair: read the instructions below and try to make a water pump yourself!
A water pump (or pump) is widely used by gardeners and is an indispensable tool for watering lawns, local area and garden plot. Today, specialized stores offer a wide range of different pump-type devices, mostly electric. But often times arise when the lights are turned off, or power problems occur, then water pump comes to help.To make it yourself, you can’t do without:
- Drill;
- Soldering iron;
- Brake chamber;
- Glue (epoxy);
- Car camera;
- Copper tubes;
- Metal balls;
- Pairs of gloves;
- Small springs and metal pieces.
Of course, it’s easier than ever to purchase a new piston-type device in the form of a pump. However, firstly, the price for them is very high, and secondly, they have a certain property of “breaking”. Therefore, to save your money, it is proposed to design a water pump yourself. Having studied all the tips described above, this work will not be difficult even for a “newbie”.
The issue of water supply arises especially acutely after acquiring ownership of a dacha that does not yet have autonomous water supply. And if it is quite possible to bring water for cooking from a neighbor’s well, then solving the problem of other household needs and especially watering the beds is much more difficult - carrying water in buckets takes a long time and is physically difficult.
The most unpleasant situation arises when the owners do not have enough funds to drill a well, at least for technical water. Or, due to some circumstances, for example, in the absence electrical network, cannot afford to purchase a pump in a store to connect it to an existing well. However, it is better not to do this using homemade devices. For this purpose, it is necessary to use high-quality industrial designs.
What can a homemade pump do?
If the site is not electrified, the best way The water supply issue will be resolved by making a homemade pump. This homemade unit has several modifications that differ in the complexity of assembly.
Homemade device can be used to lift drinking water from a shallow well. It also looks practical to use as an irrigation device. Such a pump operates on the principle of a pump or industrial release. By lowering the water intake hose into a nearby pond or river, the owners will be able to water the garden throughout the hot period of the year - they will not have any restrictions on water resources. There are models that are completely independent of electricity and work on the principle of overflowing vessels, or using the natural vibrations of water in an open reservoir.
Such a pump can also be used to drain a construction pit or pump out water from a basement flooded in the spring. In general, these are quite versatile devices. And for drying small area a pump will do just fine manual type- the easiest to assemble.
What is it made of and how is it made?
The main parts of any homemade piston-type pump are:
- two valves - lower and non-return, preventing arbitrary leakage of liquid;
- piston – the main part of the device;
- body (for example, a piece steel pipe length from 60 cm and a diameter of at least 8 cm).
As for models, folk craftsmen show very commendable ingenuity in this area.
Some types of homemade pump can be made even by a person who is very far from technology.Wave pump
The simplest device is a pump that operates due to vibrations of the water surface, known as a wave pump.
To work you will need:
- bracket;
- valve bushings;
- log;
- pipe made of corrugated metal or plastic;
- grinding machine;
- gas keys;
- die;
- sealing tape.
A plastic pipe can be used as the main part. It is closed on both sides with bushings (installed on a sealing tape) and is attached with one end to the log, and the other to the bracket.
The log must be impregnated with drying oil mixed with kerosene to ensure resistance to moisture penetration.
Water enters the pipe and is pumped due to the natural vibration of the log. It should be noted that a bracket is a pole or reinforcement driven vertically. A pipe acting as a pump is attached in the same position. Hose sections are connected to both ends. Water is drawn through the lower one (it is shorter), and the upper one is used for irrigation and can have any length. The resulting pump can be used for...
"Bake"
The next device, called a “stove,” is specially made for watering beds. It is also very simple to construct.
To work you will need:
- steel barrel 200 liters;
- hose;
- tap and pipe;
- mesh nozzle;
- household drill;
- blowtorch.
The main task of the master is to ensure the tightness of the barrel. To do this, a tap is mounted in its lower part, and in the upper part the hole is closed with a rubber plug through which the hose is passed.
A working blowtorch is installed under the bottom of the tank or a fire is built, and the other end of the hose is lowered into a tank of water or a reservoir. First, about two liters of water are poured into the bottom of the barrel. When heated, steam appears inside the barrel, air is pushed out, and water for irrigation is sucked inside. The beds are irrigated through a tap. But to create it, it’s better to drill a well.
Hand pump
With the right skill, you can make a full-fledged hand pump. To work you will need:
- camera from car wheel;
- brake chamber;
- metal balls;
- copper tubes;
- wire;
- drill;
- soldering iron;
- glue (epoxy).
The main part of the pump will be the brake chamber. It must be disassembled and the existing technical holes plugged. Only one upper hole is left free to accommodate the rod. Two holes are drilled at the bottom for the valves.
A metal ball is inserted into a copper or brass tube with thick walls (the walls are pre-drilled to the right size). A piece of wire is soldered on top, across the tube - this part will prevent the ball from falling out of the homemade cylinder while the pump is running.
The check valve is made according to the same principle - a pipe and a metal ball are used, with the only difference being that a spring is placed between the ball and a piece of welded wire.
Two manufactured valves - inlet and return - are fixed in the brake chamber (in pre-prepared holes) using epoxy glue.
A circle is made from the inner tube of a car wheel, a hole is made inside it, and then two washers are glued to it (on both sides).
A threaded pin is threaded through the resulting seal and secured with nuts.
The resulting part is mounted to the brake chamber (its lower part with the valves) using glue.
A rod is passed through the upper hole of the brake chamber, with the help of which the parts of the structure are tightly connected to each other.
With the help of such a pump, you can easily pump water manually from an Abyssinian-type well.Plastic bottle pump
Of course, simple and cheap options are the most popular. homemade pumps, which do not require much time to collect. Such a pump, simple in design, can be assembled from plastic bottles. The device is ideal for collecting water from a tank or pond for watering a garden. It is very economical, since it does not require an electrical connection - you can literally use it for days on end.
This device works on the principle of communicating vessels. For assembly you will need:
- plastic bottle;
- the cork from this bottle (it must have a plastic membrane in it!);
- a piece of plastic tube suitable in diameter to the neck of the bottle;
- watering hose of any length.
The gasket located inside is removed from the plug. Then a hole with a diameter of 8 mm is made in the cork. The half-side of the gasket is cut to the diameter (about 1 mm is removed) and only a small part of it is left - a petal, up to 3 mm wide. The gasket returns to its original place under the cover.
The neck of the bottle is cut off (part of it including the thread), which is screwed into the cork, pressing the petal onto a homemade gasket. The result is a very efficient valve. Water flows freely inside, but the valve prevents it from flowing out. The valve is placed in a plastic tube of suitable diameter.
Another cut part of the bottle is placed on the same section (cut to the “shoulders”) with a funnel towards the valve. The valve is inside the funnel.
A flexible hose is inserted into the tube from the reverse side. The device is lowered into a container of water or pond. By making translational movements up and down, a person allows the valve to move and collect water, which is delivered by gravity to the beds. The device can be used not only for irrigating beds, but also for pouring liquids from one vessel to another.
Despite the affordable cost and wide range of modern pumping equipment, some primitive models can be made independently. And the point here is not only in acquiring technical skills, but also in a kind of rest, exercise for the body and mind. After reading this article you will know how to do
DIY water pump.About the advisability of making your own
The main disadvantage of factory water pumps is the need to connect to power lines. We must agree that many suburban areas, especially at the beginning of construction, electricity is a rarity.
Moreover, electricity tariffs are constantly rising, and owners report cases of power outages summer cottages know like no one else. It is for this reason that every self-respecting owner should have at his disposal “spare” equipment for pumping water. Such equipment is useful not only when watering the garden - it can also be used at critical moments.
Note! It is recommended to make a piston water pump (or pump-pump, as it is also called), because this simplest option water intake equipment. This requires only minimal technical skills and a small set of tools.
Operating principle of the pump
The housing contains a cylinder with a piston moving inside it. The cylinder itself has inlet and outlet holes equipped with valves. To facilitate pumping, a spring is installed between the lower valve and the piston - it will attract the piston.
The air in the cylinder is rarefied during the movement of the piston, as a result of which the inlet opens and water is drawn inside. Further, when the piston moves in reverse side, the valve closes and water leaves the cylinder through the outlet hole. The only engine here is the applied muscular efforts, and the performance of the device depends not only on them, but also on the volume of the cylinder.
Note! A piston pump is unlikely to be able to provide a complete water supply to the site, but in emergency cases it can be used to pump some water, for example, to water the beds.
In most cases, wells of insignificant depth - Abyssinian wells - are equipped with pumping pumps.
Piston pump manufacturing technology
There is nothing complicated in creating a pump, the main thing is to prepare everything you need and follow the instructions below.
Stage 1. First, a cylinder is formed. This will require metal pipeø10 cm and 1 m long. To ensure unimpeded movement of the piston, the inner surface of the pipe must be treated with sandpaper (for convenience, the latter is placed on a wooden stick).
Note! It is not necessary to use a round pipe for the pump; the configuration can be very diverse - from square to hexagon.
Stage 2. Brackets are welded to the cylinder, with which the pump lever will be attached. They need to be installed so that the lever fits between them freely. Metal corners are used to make brackets.
Stage 3. A hole is drilled in the upper part of the cylinder for the drain pipe. The pipe itself can be located either opposite the brackets or to the side of them.
Stage 4. Next you need to make a lid that would cover the lower end of the case. In the presence of welding machine the end is welded with a metal plate, but it is worth knowing that the lid can also be made from scrap materials. This could be, for example, moisture-resistant larch, the strength of which only increases when in contact with water.
Step 5. The top cover is optional, but it is better to install it in order to increase the efficiency of the device. The lid will prevent the collected water from spilling. There are no special requirements regarding strength, so both wood and plastic are used in manufacturing, the main thing is to make a hole for the rod.
Note! The hole should be slot-shaped, since the rod will move parallel to the lever.
- a metal disk 3-4 cm thick, creating a difference in pressure;
- a piece of rubber of the appropriate size, 5 cm thick.
Several ø1 cm holes are made in the piston, after which it is covered with an elastic band. Then, in the center of the connected parts, a through hole for fixing the rod.
Piston pump
1 - filter; 2 - column of water-lifting pipes; 3 - outlet; 4 - check valve; 5 - disc valve; b - pump cylinder; 7 - pump piston; 8 - piston valve; 9 - piston rod; 10 - water intake tank; 11 - balancer
Video - How a piston pump works
Stage 7. After this, you can begin making the rod. For this, a metal rod ø1-1.5 cm is used - one end of it is inserted into the center of the piston and screwed from below with a nut, the second is attached to the lever.
Stage 8. To make a lever you will need iron pipeø3 cm, in the center of which a long bolt is attached. Once installed, this bolt will run between the two brackets. One end of the pipe is flattened and a hole is drilled in it for a bolt, with which the rod will be fixed. The other end of the lever, which a person will hold with his hands, is wrapped with insulating tape or a thick cord.
Stage 9. The inlet valve is a piece of dense rubber (its shape must match the cross-section of the cylinder). The valve diameter must be smaller than the body diameter, but larger diameter well head. A guide is attached to the center of the valve, which will return it to the body after each cycle. The length of the guide should be greater than the distance between the drain hole and the lower end of the housing.
Stage 10. The pump housing is mounted on the pipe. In this case, it is advisable to cut a thread at the inlet hole of the cylinder and the head of the well - this way there will be no problems with the connection.
Note! The strength of the device can be increased by using additional supports welded to the body and attached to a metal frame lying on the ground.
A rod leading from the inlet valve is lowered into the hole made in the lower end of the housing, after which the piston is inserted. The pump lever is connected to the brackets with bolts and attached to the rod. That's it, the piston pump is ready for use.
Note that the pump can be installed not only in a shallow well, but also with its help to pump out water from a nearby reservoir. For this purpose, it is not the head of the Abasin well that is connected to the inlet valve, but a hose that needs to be thrown into the reservoir. In this case, the pump will not create pressure, which is why it will not be able to lift water above the level of the sewing neck. It is advisable to place a large barrel next to the pump and fill it - this will allow you to use water as needed.
If you have old car brake chambers lying around, you can also use them to create a water pump. The sequence of actions in this case should be as follows.
Stage 1. The brake chamber is disassembled, all holes in the body are carefully sealed.
Stage 2. Inlet and outlet valves are installed in the lower part of the body, and a hole for the rod is made in the upper part.
Stage 3. Rubber is used as a piston - it is clamped between the lid and the bottom of the chamber. The piston is connected to the rod with bolts (preferably through gaskets).
Stage 4. A bracket is installed on the side to fix the lever.
Stage 5. The lever is connected to the bracket, and one of its ends is connected to the rod.
The operating principle of this pump is practically no different from the design described above: after each press of the lever in the lower part of the housing, increased/decreased pressure is created, which leads to the opening of the valve at the inlet/outlet.
A little-known design that operates using the power of fire. For manufacturing you will need a sealed iron barrel with a capacity of at least 200 liters.
Stage 1. First, a furnace is built to heat the structure. The best option– small brick stove with a grate.
Stage 2. Then a discharge valve is installed at the bottom of the housing.
Stage 3. A rubber hose is inserted into the hole on the top cover (it should fit as tightly as possible). A mesh filter is installed on the outer end of the hose, after which the hose is immersed in a lake or river.
Stage 4. Several liters of water are poured into the barrel, after which the stove is lit. The outlet valve must be closed. The heated air, expanding, goes into the reservoir. Next, the fire is extinguished, and the air, having cooled and, accordingly, contracted, will draw water into the barrel.
If desired, the fire can be replaced solar energy. To build such a pump, you need to perform the following steps.
Stage 1. A grid is made from metal tubes, and there should be only one exit. Next, the finished grille is coated with black paint.
Stage 2. The inlet is connected to an aluminum can.
Stage 3. The can lid is equipped with inlet and outlet valves. Nipples from old car tires are ideal for this.
Stage 4. A small rubber container, for example, a car inner tube, is connected to the grid terminal inside the can.
Stage 5. The outlet on the cover is connected to a hose leading to a reservoir or well. The other end of the hose is taken out of the reservoir, equipped with a watering can tip and installed above the grate.
This pump works as follows. The grate heats up, and the air in it expands and inflates the rubber container. As a result, the air is forced out of the can and enters the reservoir, where, rising, it carries water with it. A small amount of water flows into the watering can to cool the grate, after which the cycle repeats.
Note! Such a pump can be somewhat modernized by pumping propane-butane into the grill instead of air.
As you can see, with skill and a minimal set of tools you can make a water pump from almost anything. To get acquainted with other technologies, we recommend watching a thematic video.
Video - Making a water pump
