We will look at some of them in this article.

The wall that , will cool down several times slower. The undoubted advantages are:

Heat losses are minimal;
The dew point is located either in the insulation itself, or at the edge of the outer wall(it all depends on the parameters);
Condensation will never form on the wall;
The heating of the wall is complete, there are no significant temperature jumps.

Differences in insulation

walls are not considered so popular, all because of a number of significant drawbacks:

Heat is lost by 10%.
Dew point location. She is in the space between inside walls and insulation or in the insulation itself. This causes the accumulation of condensate, after a while dampness appears in the room.
The wall does not retain or accumulate heat in itself..

Despite a number of disadvantages, internal insulation characterized and positive qualities:

Work can be carried out at any time of the year, regardless of weather conditions.
Warming is easy to carry out on your own, for this you need to have only basic knowledge and the necessary materials.

The main types of insulation and their brief description

Organic heat insulators on the market are represented by a wide range of assortment of goods.

They are based on materials of natural origin:

Wood concrete insulation is considered the latest material, which is based on sawdust, shavings, uncut straw and reeds. Also, the insulation is made from cement and organic additives. These are CaCl2, H2SO4, as well as the product obtained after processing ordinary clay, kaolin or nepheline, and Na2O.
Foam-polyvinyl chloride insulation. It consists of a polyvinyl chloride resin, which, after exposure to light or electromagnetic vibrations, acquires a characteristic foam structure. At the same time, it is considered a universal heat insulator.
Chipboard insulation. Components - shavings, resin obtained as a result of controlled chemical processes, antiseptics, fire retardant.
Insulation with fiberboard core. It resembles chipboard in its own way. The base is wood waste, or cut corn and straw stalks. The material may well also consist of compressed old paper.
Polyurethane based polyester, it includes H2O, emulsifier and isocyanates. When catalysts begin to act, all elements interact under investigation. chemical reaction, at which appears the new kind insulation.

Inorganic heat insulators

Mineral wool there are two types: slag, as well as stone. To produce the first companies use slag. Stone wool is distinguished by: CaCO3, rocks that are used for paving streets, minerals containing calcium and magnesia, volcanic rocks and others.

External insulation of brick walls - how to choose the optimal thermal insulation?

mineral wool

This concept includes the following varieties:

glass wool, as well as stone wool;

slag.

All these materials are characterized by appropriate fibers, which are based on glass, rocks, slags.

Averages:

heat conductivity - 0.041-0.044 W / (mK);
impermeability - 20-200 kg/m3.

Before deciding whether to insulate brick facade with this material, it must be taken into account that it is prone to excessive absorption of moisture. Therefore, it is additionally treated with special chemical materials.

Mineral wool

Styrofoam

Oversized material, which, in view of its characteristics and affordable price became the most popular material for thermal insulation. In the construction market, you can always find a copy, the average indicators of which are equal to:

heat conductivity - 0.033-0.037 W / (mK);
impermeability - 11-35 kg / m3.

Styrofoam is practically devoid of moisture, plus it is vapor-tight. In addition, the material is quite fragile, easily flammable, during smoldering it releases many hazardous chemical elements. At this material many disadvantages, but as an economy option it is ideal.

Styrofoam

Extruded polystyrene foam

In terms of its features, the material resembles the foam plastic described above, only there is one difference - only the latest developments are used in its manufacture.

Averages:

heat conductivity - 0.028-0.032 W / (mK);
impermeability - 25-38 kg / m3.

It is often used for outdoor insulation, it is quite strong and retains heat well. Naturally, its cost is several times higher than that of the two options considered above.

Warm plaster

It is distinguished by sound insulation, vapor permeability.

Characteristics:

heat conductivity - 0.065 W / (mK);
impermeability - 200-340 kg / m3.

This is an ideal insulation for cladding the outer wall of a brick house, but requires special conditions due to its characteristics:

plaster layer no more than 50 mm;
The foundation needs to be further reinforced.

Plaster

Thermal panels

This material is distinguished by both thermal insulation and the ability to clad the surface of the walls..

Characteristics:

heat conductivity - 0.025 W / (mK);
impermeability - 45-55 kg / m3.

NOTE!

Today on the market you can find panels that are produced as an imitation of siding or lining. They are covered with a special quartz powder.

Thermal panels

Wall pie - what elements does a brick wall consist of

Plaster - from 10 to 35 mm, depending on the chosen brick wall cake option;
Hollow or solid brick;
Polyfoam PSB 25 (from 70 to 120 mm);
Steel crate;
Vapor barrier and wind barrier multifunctional membrane.
Plaster or mortar known;
External finishing - facing brick or decorative plaster.

wall pie

A few words about waterproofing and vapor barrier

At the stage of thermal insulation of the wall, it is necessary to pay Special attention on the vapor barrier, otherwise the insulation material will become unusable after a while. The classic material for vapor barrier is polyethylene.

When installing, it must be handled with extreme care, do not stretch too much, otherwise the film may be deformed, especially during seasonal changes in climatic conditions.

Waterproofing

Mastics specially created for this purpose are considered to be commonly used vapor barrier materials. If they are applied to the wall, they will let air through, while retaining moisture. Waterproofing protects various building structures from moisture penetration. It is easy to apply, does not require special qualifications from workers, and also does not form seams.

For brick walls, instead of vapor barrier, plaster is often used, which is not very true in the case of mineral wool, because. the heater will begin to dampen.

Vapor barrier and waterproofing

Sealing gaps and preparing the crate

Damaged walls are best replaced or overhauled. The gaps in the joints are sealed with natural materials or synthetic stone sealants..

Before you insulate the wall, you need to take care of the preparation of the crate. The distance between its bars should be determined based on the width of the insulation plate. Important using building level check the vertical and horizontal surface for finishing. The lathing bars should be directed perpendicular to the direction of the cladding panel.

Brick wall sheathing

Do not forget about the installation of the transverse crate to ensure high-quality ventilation.

For the convenience of installing the intermediate elements of the batten, a rope is pulled from the bottom and top of the facade from the corner bar. Some mark up future elements with chalk.

Insulation of a brick wall from the outside using mineral wool as an example

From the outside, the brick base must be sheathed OSB boards , between them you need to keep the gaps, the size of which is indicated by the manufacturer. After installation, the gaps are earned with foam.
Then, from the outside, a membrane with waterproofing is pulled, which protects the mineral wool from moisture, on top of which all exterior decoration will be carried out. Many companies produce waterproofing materials with strips on which connecting elements for a tighter joint. If there are no such strips, the joints should be glued with double-sided tape.
Then sheets with mineral wool are tightly mounted.. Often used material, the density of which starts from 35-50kg/m3. A material with a lower density will certainly settle or roll off, which will cause cold to pass through the formed voids.
Mineral wool slabs are mounted in such a way that past joints of min. by 150-200 mm. The overall thickness of the insulation is based on climate and temperature indicators, but the average is 150 mm.
After laying the sealant in the walls, all the voids that have appeared are filled with a film for installation.

Warming with mineral wool

Insulation under siding

Thermal insulation with polystyrene foam and polyurethane foam - basic principles

Today, many builders insulate the facade with extruded polystyrene foam. The slabs are laid taking into account the degree of horizontality. The sags will ideally cope with the task. When installing the slab, it is imperative to pay attention to maintaining the uniformity of the profile strip; for this, the building level is used.

Docking of plates is carried out according to the principle of brickwork, in other words, you need to mount half of the plate through each row. The slots are sealed with liquid polystyrene and polystyrene pieces, while it is better not to use mounting foam. If the plates are poorly joined, this can be easily corrected with a grater.

Styrofoam plates are attached with glue, but do not forget about special dowels with caps. Otherwise, due to strong gusts of wind, the plates will break.

As for polyurethane foam, this is a new generation material that:

It is non-toxic and environmentally friendly;
Does not lose its characteristics long term and has served for more than half a century;
It freezes in a short period of time, due to this, the installation time is significantly reduced;
Heaters based on Polyurethane are completely safe for health. After hardening, this material becomes environmentally friendly;
Thermal insulation with polyurethane foam is characterized by the lowest flammability when compared with other types of heaters;
Polyurethane foam is not able to pass and absorb moisture. Thanks to excellent thermal insulation, the owners of the house are free from problems associated with the formation of condensation, mold and fungus.

Thermal insulation with expanded polystyrene

PPU thermal insulation

Warming a brick house from the outside has several advantages. The main thing is to choose the right material and use it rationally, taking into account all the subtleties.

Useful video

How to insulate a brick wall with your own hands:

In contact with

silicate brick cheap material, but has poor thermal conductivity characteristics and reduced durability and reliability. It remains only to finish it with a modern high-quality heat insulator

Dmitry Belkin

Wall of silicate brick. Thermal foam insulation outside

Description

A silicate brick wall was recently chosen because of its cheapness. However, the consumer qualities of silicate bricks are not very good. Silicate brick is dense, heavy, brittle, easily exposed to water, wind and frost. To be honest, I don't know why they still release it. If you need a strong load-bearing wall, you can always use blocks based on any concrete. If anyone knows about the advantages of silicate brick, I ask you to write and enlighten me about them. However, there are such walls, and there are many of them! So you should pay attention to such walls.

Styrofoam is taken as a heat insulator. In fact, in the case of a silicate brick wall, such a scheme is quite efficient. These two materials have approximately the same water vapor diffusion coefficient.

vapor barrier

Not required. If the inside is finished with drywall or plaster, then there will even be room for water vapor to be absorbed and, thereby, a kind of breathing walls will be created.

Difficulties/Dangers/Disadvantages

- the wall should be erected by specialists enough high level so you can't save money on it.
- the wall can be of small thickness (1.5 bricks).
- The foam layer should be at least 100 mm.
- The wall and the house as a whole turns out to be heavy, hence the special requirements for the foundation.
- Increases the cost of the wall cement, sand, delivery, work.

Here is an excerpt from a letter from a reader.

"I bought a box at home, lined with one and a half bricks of ordinary silicate brick. outer wall I think to insulate with foam plastic according to the recommended technology - soil, insulation (100mm), armor. mesh, primer, putty ... "

In principle, I agree, but I give additional advice. Perform thermal insulation not with 100 mm thick slabs, but with 50 mm thick slabs, which are laid on top of each other very tightly with overlapping seams. That is, so that the seam of the first level of the foam must be completely covered by the second level of the foam, and there were no cases when the seam was located exactly above the seam of the lower layer. Glue the foam to each other with some special glue and fit the seams tightly. Apply glue pointwise, do not apply glue with a brush.

Professional home insulation is a complex and lengthy process that will delight residents with comfortable and warm room in winter time. Thanks to the insulation brick building to you can reduce energy costs for home heating.

The insulation of brick walls is different from the insulation of concrete or wooden structures. To identify the material for thermal insulation, you need to set the type of brick.

Brick density is of two types:

Hollow weighs less, inside there are voids filled with air.
Solid - solid type of brick.

There are two types of masonry: solid and building with the formation of air voids. In the process of the second type of masonry the heat-insulating element is poured into the inner part of the wall- special air pocket.

Why is thermal insulation needed?

The main function of thermal insulation is energy saving and utility bills. The walls and ceiling can be covered with heat-insulating material on both sides, and the windows and floor can be covered from the inside.

Additionally, you can close up window and door gaps, as well as cover the walls that separate the house from the street with insulating material.

Thermal insulation of the room will get rid of mold and other fungi that live inside wet and cold walls.

Mold formed due to big difference in temperature outer and inner surface of the wall. It is better to insulate a brick wall on both sides.

Modern materials

The durability of the finish depends on the choice of materials. and degree of insulation. Some materials are better suited for finishing the inside of the wall and crevices, and some are made specifically for the outside.

As a material for insulation brick houses are used:

mineral wool;
Styrofoam;
extruded polystyrene foam;
polyurethane foam;
plaster;
thermal panels.

Let's look at each type in more detail.

Mineral wool

Mineral wool is a substance consisting of fused silicone fibers mixed with metallurgical waste.

The most important advantages of mineral wool are a high coefficient of heat conductivity, as well as no combustible elements in its composition. Cotton wool is a durable material, it is difficult to break it or break its integrity.

cotton wool repels water easily and does not absorb rainfall. The substance ideally isolates the room from sound signals and noise. The material does not melt or deform under the influence of high temperature. It is resistant to chemicals and biological agents. Minvata is easy to install.

Resins, phenol and heavy metals that make up cotton wool, can adversely affect the human respiratory system. Expanded polystyrene, silicate fiber and polyurethane foam are considered less harmful materials for construction.