The desktop jigsaw is designed for sawing various details, having a complex configuration, from sheet materials. This tool is able to work with MDF, chipboard, fiberboard and many others. Also, jigsaws can cut out the internal contours of parts, if you first make a small hole. This tool has a wide range of applications, as it is able to provide high performance work that can not be achieved with a conventional hacksaw.
Design features
The device diagrams of all jigsaw machines are usually the same. Having carefully examined the drawings, which depict this tool, you can see its following structural units:
- bed, which is also often called the body. It is designed to accommodate all structural elements unit;
- drive mechanism;
- crank mechanism. It is necessary to convert the rotational energy of the motor shaft into the movement of the file used during operation;
- double rocker. Equipped with fasteners for sawing and tensioning device;
- Desktop. In some modern models it has a turning mechanism that moves to a given angle.
How to make a machine from a jigsaw?
To make a jigsaw from a manual jigsaw, follow these instructions:
- First you need to make a table where a home-made jigsaw will be installed in the future. To do this, use any durable sheet material - thick plywood, metal and others.
- Through holes are made in the table for the cutting blade and various fasteners.
- Received jigsaw table set and securely fixed on a suitable wooden table.
- The resulting table is equipped with guide rails.
- Fix at the bottom manual jigsaw, which allows you to replace the drive mechanism of the machine and many of its other structural elements.
Everyone can make such a jigsaw machine with their own hands. Its advantage lies in the fact that at any time this unit can be quickly disassembled and only hand tools can be used.
Homemade jigsaw table-machine from a manual jigsaw
How to make a more professional tool?
Homemade jigsaw can have all the qualities that are present in professional equipment. To make it, you need to follow these instructions:
- The bed is made from any durable material - 12 mm plywood, plastic, textolite and others. It should consist of a base, a body to accommodate all structural units and a desktop.
- On the other hand, a rocking chair with an eccentric is placed. They need to be interconnected using metal plates with sleeve-type bearings. The resulting structure is installed with screws.
- The intermediate shaft is formed from several bearings.
- The metal pulley is very tightly put on the shaft and the screw connection is fixed.
- To change the movement characteristics of the rocking chair, 4 round threaded holes are made on the eccentric flange. They should be placed from the center line at different distances. The amplitude of the movement of the rocking chair is regulated by the location of the screws.
- The rocking chair is formed from wooden yokes, which are attached to the rack on a swivel joint.
- Small cuts are made at the rear ends of the rockers. They are designed to install voltage screws.
- The front ends of the rocker arm are designed to install the file. It moves with the help of special metal hinges. Before fixing the file, it is installed in a groove placed on the desktop.
- The rocking chair is made from a single piece of durable material. At its upper end, a groove is made for installing the rocker arm, and near the lower end, a small rectangular hole is cut out for mounting the second rocker arm.
How to make a machine from a sewing machine?
From sewing machine it turns out an excellent jigsaw machine, which is equipped with a saw blade movement regulator. It is not difficult to make it if you follow these instructions:
- From the bottom of the machine, the thread weaving mechanism is dismantled. In some models, it may be located elsewhere.
- To dismantle this assembly, it is necessary to remove a few bolts, and then remove the cotter pin and drive shaft.
- The top protective panel is unscrewed. After that, the groove along which the sewing needle moves must be expanded to fit the file parameters.
- The cutting element itself is also slightly modified. It is cut according to the length of the sewing needle.
- It is not necessary to make an adapter for installing the cutting element. Instead, you can grind off the upper incisors a little and process the lower area of \u200b\u200bthe blade.
- The nail file is inserted into the needle holder and work begins.
All the presented options for the manufacture of jigsaw machines are very successful. The resulting units are highly productive, and it is not difficult to make them. Depending on their skills, each master will be able to choose best model homemade equipment.
Video: Sewing machine jigsaw
The article will primarily be useful to those people who often work with wood as a hobby, without making money from it. The author presents a fairly budgetary project of a desktop jigsaw, which can be assembled in one day, with minimal cost for materials.
To create a machine, you will need the following materials:
- Working manual jigsaw;
- Plywood;
- Self-tapping screws and bolts with nuts;
- Guides of furniture boxes;
- Two bearings;
- Tension spring;
- Spray can with paint;
- Self-adhesive paper.
Materials and tools are standard, available in each workshop.
Step 1. Case.
The first step is to create a body for a manual jigsaw from plywood. Here it is necessary to think in advance where the holes for the switch and the speed controller will be located.
It should come out like this:
Step 2. Table top.
It is better to take a thick piece of chipboard with good coverage, since workpieces will be rubbed on it during the operation of the machine.
A hole is drilled in the chipboard for the file. The jigsaw itself will be attached to the back of the countertop.
An extension for fastening the boom is also made from furniture rails:
Here's what it looks like assembled:
And the tabletop is attached to the body:
Step 3. Arrow.
The arrow itself will be made of two furniture rails. They are bolted together to increase rigidity.
The boom supports are made of chipboard. Before painting and installing them, the point of attachment of the boom to the support is measured. Before that, they must be installed in their place:
After that, holes must be drilled in the support for seats bearings.
Step 4. Painting.
Prepared supports are painted from a can.
While they dry, the machine itself is glued with self-adhesive.
Step 5. Assembly.
Bearings are inserted into the supports, and they are screwed into place.
The boom mounting axis will be made of two bolts screwed into the guides as shown in the photo. The diameter of the bolts is selected in accordance with the diameter of the inner race of the bearing.
The bolts are securely tightened, after which the two halves are screwed to each other.
Here is a visual illustration of how the arrow will be fixed in the supports:
The boom is installed in its place and fixed with nuts.
The next step is to install the tension spring. It is necessary in order to return the arrow to its original position after the jigsaw pulls it down. Thus, the reciprocating motion of the file will be performed. It must be adjusted so that it is not too soft (this will complicate the operation of the machine) and too hard (this can lead to overheating of the jigsaw motor).
How to fix it is shown in the photo:
Then, from a thin strip of metal (1 mm), it is necessary to make the attachment of the file to the arrow. They must rotate freely on the axis, because during operation the arrow changes the angle of inclination to the jigsaw, and if they are static, this can lead to breakage of the file.
Here's what the mounts should look like:
The boom supports are additionally reinforced with a long bolt, it can be seen in the photo:
Step 6. Electronic part.
Since access to a manual jigsaw is limited, it is necessary to bring the controls to the outside of the case.
To adjust the speed of the jigsaw motor, the author used a phase power controller. Here is its electrical diagram:
Here's what it looks like:
When installing the board to the sevenstor, it is necessary to screw the radiator, if this is not done, it may overheat and fail.
The jigsaw is disassembled and the power regulator is connected to wiring diagram.
It is also necessary to install the power button of the machine.
Jigsaw machine allows you to quickly and efficiently cut wood. consists of a working surface, racks, motor and spindle assembly. Some devices are made on stands. Clamps are quite often installed in the side of the work surface. It is also worth noting that the models differ in power. The manufacture of a jigsaw machine can only be carried out if the instructions are followed.
Desktop devices: expert reviews
If you believe the reviews, then making a desktop modification is very simple. First of all, a rack is prepared for work surface. Its width should not exceed 30 cm. It is more expedient to select a motor of a single-phase type with a maximum voltage of 220 V. A home-made jigsaw machine (desktop) produces an average operating frequency of 55 Hz.
Reviews of experts say that yews are best used from steel, if desired, they can be cut out on their own. The file is mounted on a spindle assembly, which is attached to the rack. Many models use a latch that plays the role of a stop. To fix the file, a small screw is used.
Models on legs
If necessary, you can do this with your own hands. Modification drawings include frames different sizes, and spindle assemblies are usually used with guides. Many models are made on a wide bed. Legs can be installed from tubes. There are also machines with plates. After cutting out the working platform, you should take up the spindle assembly.
If we consider devices with control units, then the model will require a controller. It is more expedient to use a motor of a collector type for 220 V. Yews are installed on jigsaw machines of a rotary type. The direction must be welded to the edge of the plate. The file in this case must be securely fixed. Optimal Height spindle assembly is 2.2 cm. At the end of the work, it is important to install power cable and equipment connection.
Feedback on devices with a wide frame
Professionals are able to assemble a jigsaw machine with their own hands. Device drawings indicate the presence of wide stops. However, first of all, you need to install the frame. If we consider a simple machine, then the latch for modification can be selected for a small length. Reviews of experts indicate that two racks are enough for the model. Used to assemble the machine welding inverter. The spindle assembly itself is installed in the central part of the working platform. The hole for the file can be made with a cutter. It is also worth noting that experts do not recommend the use of two-phase motors.
Compact modifications
Following the instructions, you can assemble a compact jigsaw machine with your own hands. Device drawings include double racks and narrow frames. Beds are applied with a low profile. Many models have a spindle assembly without a holder. In this case, the guides are set to a short length. For self assembly Models are recommended to choose a high-quality frame first.
Additionally, a clamp is soldered under the work plate. To reduce the level of vibration, you can use the lining. To fix it, ordinary glue is used. The file for modification should be selected with a small thickness. The optimal installation distance of the central node is 14 cm. At the same time, the width of the platform is on average 17 cm.
Jigsaws for 2 kW
If you wish, you can make this jigsaw machine with your own hands. Drawings for assembling modifications are very easy to find. As a rule, frames are used with a width of 35 cm or more. The thickness of the plate should be about 1.5 mm. The hole for the file must be made before installing the central node. If we consider models without stops, then the frame is used with a low profile. It is also worth noting that it is more expedient to install the spindle assembly on a lining.
A casing is used to reduce the noise level. Many models use multiple stops. In this case, the node is installed at a height of 10 cm. It is better to fix the file on the plate. Clamp can be used screw type. After fixing the central node, the motor is placed. For modification of this type, a device with a single-phase unit is suitable.
Models for 3 kW
For 3 kW desktop jigsaw DIY is pretty easy. Experts recommend using racks with wide stops. Fasteners need to be installed only after the central node. The file for modification can be picked up by 1.2 mm. Some experts make a hole after installing the frame. In this case, the supports are soldered on the sides of the table.
Next, it is important to evaluate the size of the spindle. It is more expedient to use the motor with a protection system and a casing. It is also worth noting that collector devices that operate at a frequency of 45 Hz are very popular. They have low energy consumption and do not overheat. Holders are used to fix workpieces. The optimum spindle height is 15 cm. It is also worth noting that there are models with tuning plates. A flywheel is used to control the rack. To install the control unit, there is a conventional controller.
How to make a 5 kW device
Having prepared a few stops and you can make a jigsaw machine with your own hands. Expert reviews indicate that 5 kW models are well suited for ripping. Before starting work, all essential tool. You will need a saw as well welding machine and cutter. It is more expedient to assemble a frame for a jigsaw machine from steel plates with a thickness of 1.3 mm or more. For the motor, you need to immediately provide a place. The beds in the devices are installed with a high profile.
At this stage, you can immediately cut a hole for the file. The plug assembly must be mounted on the top of the plate. Additionally, it is worth noting that the file will require a large holder. If we consider simple model, then the racks can be installed on the sides of the frame. Yews are used rotary type. At the top of the frame must be a rack. A small casing is selected under the motor. On average, the frame width should be 35 cm. If we consider professional models, then they use adjustable clamps.
Modifications for two quills
How to make a jigsaw machine with your own hands? The model with two quills is assembled only on a wide frame. First of all, plates are cut out under the bed. If we consider a desktop modification, then it is more expedient to install the control unit at the top of the device. The optimal frame width is 45 cm. In this case, the spindle assembly is installed behind the stops.
Must be provided for racks. Many models use transfer blocks. In this case, the motors are suitable only for a collector type with a frequency of 30 Hz or more. The file is installed as standard in the holder. The optimal height of the spindle unit for models is 35 cm. Quills for adjusting the bed are used with flywheels.
Models for three quills
On the basis of a single-phase motor, it is easy to do this one with your own hands. Tools should be prepared in advance. Many models are equipped with frames for four stops. They are long and high profile. It is also worth noting that the spindle units are selected with. At the beginning of work, it is very important to calculate the length of the frame. If we consider ordinary spindle assemblies, then the rack for them is prepared for a short length.
The central support must withstand heavy loads. A welding inverter is used to install the plates. The motor will require a casing that will significantly reduce the noise level of the device. A saw for modifications of this type is suitable for 1.2 mm. With a power of 3 kW, a device for three quills will produce a frequency of 55 Hz. Brackets are needed to fix the flywheels.
Since childhood, we have been familiar with the technology of sawing with a jigsaw. The principle is simple - a fixed part is placed on a stand with a technological cutout, the cut is made by moving the file. The quality of work depends on the firmness of the hands and the skill of the worker.
In this way, you can literally cut lace from thin wooden or plastic blanks. However, the process is laborious and slow. Therefore, many masters thought about small-scale mechanization.
A simple design from the last century
Even in the magazine "Young Technician" drawings were offered on how to make a jigsaw machine with your own hands. Moreover, the design does not imply an electric drive, the drive works from muscular strength, like knife grinders.
The machine consists of the main parts:
- bed (A)
- desktop (B) with a slot for the canvas
- lever system (B) for holding the saw blade
- flywheel (D), which is the primary drive pulley
- crank mechanism (D), combined with the secondary drive pulley, and driving the levers (B)
- pedal assembly (E) with a crank mechanism that drives the flywheel (D)
- saw blade tensioner (W)
With the foot of the foot, the master sets the flywheel (D) in motion. With the help of a belt drive, the crank mechanism (D), connected to the lower lever (B), rotates. A file is stretched between the levers, the degree of tension is regulated by a lanyard (G).
With a well-balanced flywheel, a sufficient smoothness of the saw blade is ensured, and such a home-made jigsaw machine allows you to massively cut out the same type of workpiece, saving time and effort. In those days, jigsaw saw blades were produced in the form of a flat tape with unidirectional action.
Therefore, to obtain patterns of complex shape, it was necessary to rotate the workpiece around the canvas. The dimensions of the workpiece are limited by the length of the levers (B).
From mechanical jigsaw to electric one step
The foot drive cannot give real freedom of action and uniformity of the sawing stroke. It is more reasonable to adapt an electric motor for a crank mechanism. However, if you use a desktop jigsaw from time to time, it makes no sense to make a stationary structure with its own motor.
For figured wood cutting, a hand-held jigsaw was traditionally used - a simple tool with a thin file that allows you to create elegant patterns from wood. Later, a jigsaw was invented, working on muscle traction like a foot sewing machine or potter's wheel.
The development of technology and the emergence of compact electric motors of low power led to the creation of a manual electric jigsaw, and then the corresponding electrified machine, which you can make yourself.
Purpose
Stationary units that ensure the movement of the saw blade vertically make it possible to cut parts of complex shape from sheet materials, elements with curved edges. If you insert the saw into through hole, drilled in the workpiece, you can make a curly contour inside the product.
With the help of jigsaw machines, workpieces from various sheet materials are processed, including:
- solid wood;
- plywood;
- wood-based boards (chipboard, fiberboard, MDF);
- aluminum;
- plastic.
With the help of a jigsaw machine, it will be possible to increase labor productivity and significantly improve the quality of processing curly edges of products. This is due to the fact that a working person has both hands free and he can position the workpiece as accurately as possible relative to the moving cutting blade. This is the main advantage of a stationary tool with an electric drive from a manual jigsaw.
Jigsaws are installed in school and home workshops, and this type of equipment is also used in furniture production and in the manufacture musical instruments. Modern laser machines can be used instead of jigsaws, since they provide the highest cutting accuracy along a given contour, but their use limits the effect of burnt ends of parts.
Device
The desktop jigsaw machine consists of the following elements:
- bed ( supporting structure, on which all mechanisms and components are mounted);
- Desktop;
- electric drive;
- crank mechanism (responsible for converting the rotation of the motor shaft into the reciprocating movement of the file);
- double rocker (equipped with clamps for files and a tensioning mechanism).
The machines produced today are mostly designed for the use of files with a length of 200-350 mm and a working stroke of 30-50 mm. Files differ in width (2-10 mm), thickness (0.6-1.25 mm) and type of shanks - they come with pins and without pins. The latter are more convenient, since in order to cut the inner contour, it is necessary to drill a hole in the workpiece through which the end of the file must pass. If there is a pin, the hole should be noticeably larger. Some models of jigsaws allow you to mount files of both types, including the old model, from a Soviet hand tool. Files also differ in the size of the teeth and their arrangement - it can be straight or spiral.
Tool selection
To choose a good machine suitable for the solution specific tasks, it is necessary to pay attention to its power. The main part of the models is equipped with an electric drive with a power of 90 to 500 watts. For home use the optimal power is 150-200 watts.
An important selection criterion is the presence of two speeds of the unit. In the standard version - 600 and 1000 rpm. This makes it possible to select the appropriate mode for working with materials of various densities.
The desktop is fixed and swivel. Fixing the table at an inclination allows cutting material at specified angles other than 90°. There are also models that provide table height adjustment - this allows you to extend the service life of the file, since you can use its different sections along the entire length, and not just the central part, for work.
Manufacturers equip jigsaws with a variety of options, including:
- a compressor for removing chips from the marking line with an air jet;
- drilling unit;
- illumination of the working area;
- blade fencing (will not allow fingers to contact with a moving file);
- clamping device (prevents vibration of thin sheet material).
Additional options increase the cost of the jigsaw, but do not fundamentally affect its functionality.
Manufacturers
On the power tool market, there are different kinds jigsaws: from devices designed for creative work at home to high-performance models designed for professional use. In addition to machines that use conventional files, you can find band saws on sale.
The list of popular brands includes Bosch, Negner, Einhell, Proxxon, Makita, DeWALT, JET, Xendoll, Excalibur, Kroton, Korvet, Zubr.
The leader in quality and reliability is the products of well-known German brands Bosch, Einhell and Hegner. In addition, the lines of jigsaw machines include a wide range of models of various capacities and configurations, which makes it possible to choose a quality electric jigsaw for the home, optimal in functionality.
Budget models, including those made in China, have also proven themselves well. Models of the brand Korvet, Zubr and others are suitable for home use without increased loads.
Before buying a jigsaw machine, regardless of its brand, it is necessary to conduct tests to assess the smoothness of the working body and the noise level, to make sure that there are no extraneous sounds and vibrations. It is recommended to compare several models of different brands and purchase the option with the best performance.
Making a jigsaw with your own hands
Homemade machine made to replace ordinary jigsaw on a tree, is able to provide high-quality performance of the main set of operations on curly cutting sheet materials. Depending on the purpose, it is possible to design a compact electric model or a stationary unit designed for high loads.
materials
As a basic scheme, it is most convenient to use a drawing of a simple wooden jigsaw with a flywheel and a pedal assembly and replace the mechanical drive with an electric one. If the machine is intended to be used only occasionally, a special electric motor can be dispensed with. Instead, connect any suitable power tool. It is convenient to use a screwdriver with adjustable speed.
The material for the manufacture of the machine itself is wood, while:
- the bed and the supporting pedestal for the lever bar are best made of high-strength plywood (minimum thickness - 18 mm);
- for a lever construction, it is necessary to take dense wood that is not prone to cracking under load - this is beech or oak (instead of buying bars, you can use straight legs of old chairs that are suitable in size);
- for the crank mechanism, plywood 10-12 mm thick is required;
- for the rest of the structural elements, pine lumber, various trimmings are suitable.
According to the scheme of the jigsaw machine, a bed and a supporting pedestal are made. As fasteners, use wood screws, joints wooden elements structures are recommended to be coated with PVA emulsion. It is important that the design is strong and there is no play, otherwise the accuracy of the machine will be low.
Part preparation and assembly
Next, the levers are cut desired length, at their ends, cuts are made for fastening the file. The mount is made of a steel plate 2-3 mm thick, with a pair of holes. The upper hole allows you to fix the plate on the lever, and the lower one is designed to attach the saw shank. Fasteners - screws of suitable diameter and nuts - it is more convenient to use wing-type. Mounting on the lower arm is installed in the same way.
At the next stage, the lever system is mounted on the frame. To connect the free ends of the levers, a screw tie (lanyard) is used, which makes it possible to easily adjust the tension of the saw blade.
Note! The length of the files used should be determined in advance, since the size of the lever mechanism depends on this. It is necessary to ensure the maximum possible parallelism of the levers relative to each other.
Racks need to be fastened together to create a solid support for the flywheel. The axis can be a stud or a bolt of at least 8 strength class. The flywheel with the lower lever is fastened by means of a connecting rod made of the same plywood, while the rods connecting to the lever must be metal.
At the next stage, a desktop with a swivel mechanism is made - a swivel arc with a slot must be cut out of plywood. The table is placed on the bed. To easily fix rotary mechanism in position, use a wing nut.
In this model, a screwdriver serves as an electric drive - for work it is enough to connect its cartridge with the flywheel axis. You can adjust the speed using a clamp with variable force, made of a strong strap and a small clamp (or other screw tightening).
Simple in design homemade machine convenient to work.
Rugged fixed construction
The design of the jigsaw machine for professional use practically indistinguishable from compact wooden model. It is only important to choose the right materials so that the unit is able to withstand increased loads and does not vibrate during operation.
- bed - heavy chipboard;
- rack under lever design- hardboard, textolite of suitable thickness;
- levers - steel square pipe;
- countertop - any durable, hard and smooth material.
Elements for fastening the blade (you can take it from an old hacksaw) are soldered to the levers or fixed with screws.
You will need a serviceable electric drive with a gearbox that will provide the necessary torque. To start the engine of a homemade jigsaw machine, it is convenient to provide a foot pedal (take it from an old electric sewing machine or make it using any suitable electric button).
When assembling the structure, metal racks and metal fasteners are used. With the help of a metal insert, you can strengthen the fastening of the connecting rod. This will reduce vibration and reduce wear.
The tabletop has a long working slot for the possibility of rotation around the longitudinal axis.
A spring is provided to tension the web. The lower lever is responsible for the movement of the working blade, the upper one helps to keep the file in a vertical position.
Thus, an electric jigsaw can be assembled on its own using scrap materials. This will not require serious financial costs, but will only take some time to search for materials, necessary details and assembly.
