Epoxy resin
- a material consisting of two components.
Most often it is a liquid that is used as an adhesive.
It is first in liquid form, when the parts are mixed, polymerization and solidification begin. The entry into the reaction is accompanied by a strong thermal reaction, it heats up.
Epoxy resin consumption depends on the task at hand.
If it is used as an adhesive, then the properties of the surfaces to be glued affect the consumption.
It can be roughness, porosity, absorbency. Usually it is necessary to apply the minimum possible amount of glue, moisten both parts to be glued with it, then press against each other and fix until it is completely solidified.
Epoxy resin has a useful feature!
Freezes without external factors, she does not need light, temperature, air, moisture. This is an indispensable property in some areas of activity.
Impregnation
| Code | Purpose | Price |
|---|---|---|
| 1003 | A two-component polymer composition containing a solvent. | 282 |
| 1007 | Impregnation of the base for self-leveling floors, under a protective coating. Epoxy based for outdoor use. | 332 |
| 1005 | Impregnation of concrete and cement substrates with high humidity for spraying and painting, for exterior and internal works. Epoxy based. | 348 |
| D103 | Solvent-free, water-soluble impregnating composition based on epoxy resins. For interior and exterior use. It is applied on various types of cement-containing bases. | 264 |
| 3205 | Impregnation of the base for self-leveling floors, under a protective coating. Polyurethane-based for indoor and outdoor use. | 388 |
| 3001 | Universal two-component impregnation based on polyurethane for cementitious substrates. | 340 |
Impregnation consumption!
It ranges from 100-250 gr/m 2 .
Consumption depends on the brand of concrete and the porosity of the base (wood, OSB, chipboard).
Metal is NOT impregnated!
Epoxy resin consumption per 1m2
The cost per area is usually mentioned when covering, for example, on the floor. Since we are dealing with a universal material, we should clarify the goal that we will achieve. If it's just floor covering so that it doesn't get dusty smooth concrete, then you can get by with 100 grams per square, and if you need the most durable coating, reinforced with granite screenings, smooth and mirror-smooth, then you can reach up to 3.5 kilograms per square.
In the technology of thin-layer self-leveling polymeric floors, modified epoxy resins different color. They pour out of the container onto the floor and spread under the action of gravity. Consumption for such application can start from one kilogram per square for one layer.
Primers
* - The price is valid as of 03/01/2019. Check the price every day, changes are possible.
| Code | Purpose | Price |
|---|---|---|
| 1015 | Primer for concrete and cement substrates with high humidity for indoor and outdoor use. Epoxy based. | 294 |
| 8001P | Primer for internal works of enterprises Food Industry, organizations Catering. Epoxy based. | 344 |
| 3201 | Primer-lacquer of concrete and cement bases for indoor and outdoor use. Based on polyurethane. It can be used as a binder in the preparation of elastic mixtures. | 364 |
| 3103 | It is used to create an adhesive layer on concrete, metal, wood, as well as to strengthen concrete, asphalt concrete bases. | 360 |
| D301 | Polyurethane primer for hardening concrete and cement substrates, before application protective coatings on various industrial facilities, For interior and exterior use. | 353 |
| D801 | High solids primer for indoor and outdoor use in the food, petrochemical and pharmaceutical industries. Priming in coating systems for concrete and metal substrates. | 339 |
Primer cost!
It ranges from 200-300 gr/m 2 .
Consumption depends on the brand of concrete, the purpose of using the primer (strengthening or dedusting) and the method of application (brush, roller, pulverizer).
Epoxy resin instructions for use
Supplied in two separate containers, one smaller and one larger. These are components A and B. They must be poured into one container and mixed slowly. You can do this with a mixer or by hand. We stir for five minutes. Let stand for a minute and stir for another minute. You need to take only the amount that you need, no more, because everything will freeze anyway. It should be remembered that if the mixture stands still on its own, it will boil and harden. On the floor or details, it cannot boil, because it takes on temperature environment and efficiently cooled.
* - The price is valid as of 03/01/2019. Check the price every day, changes are possible.
The base and floor varnish is applied in a thick layer of 1.4 - 2.0 kg / m 2
Consumption depends on the material of the picture (oracal, satin, gabordine, banner).
From the method of application (brush, roller, pulverizer).
For decor and protective coating, it is enough to apply varnish 250-450 g / m 2
For tables made of epoxy resin, we use 2-6 kg / m 2
Information!
Our epoxy resin is supplied in containers from one kilogram of the finished mixture. For large areas, a large container is provided.
We work every day, we try to answer calls on time, but it’s not always possible, so dial again if you couldn’t get through.
Advantages of industrial epoxy floor
Earlier we talked about the fact that epoxy resins are a unique material that is most often used among self-leveling and industrial 3D floors. The price of these floor coverings is much more expensive than that of laminate, linoleum or tiles. Long term service and impeccable performance fully justifies their high cost.
Characteristics of the self-leveling floor:
- Has anti-slip property.
- Waterproof surface.
- Smooth, glossy finish.
- There are no joints, seams, cracks.
- Withstands sudden changes in temperature.
- Withstands multi-ton daily loads.
- Service life of a self-leveling floor is 30-40 years.
- It has a wide range of designs (marble or granite chips, any picture, any color).
Important!
We are often asked whether it is possible to use a self-leveling coating under a warm floor? It's possible! It is worth noting that the 3D floors themselves are thick, durable and warm to the touch. If your apartment is on the ground floor and concrete screed cools feet, self-leveling floor is a natural insulation and protection against dampness, mold, creeping insects.
What is the consumption of epoxy resin when pouring? With a coating thickness of 1 mm, on average, 1 liter (or 1.1 kg) of an epoxy compound without impurities is consumed per 1 m2.
Material consumption! How to determine the amount of composition you need to fill?! With a coating thickness of 1 mm, on average, 1 liter (or 1.1 kg) of self-leveling floor without impurities is consumed per 1 m2. This value is different for different manufacturers. Approximately the same consumption of material is used for the installation of coatings for countertops. For example, a customer's question: "I plan to work like a table with epoxy resin, but I don’t know how much is required. For example, steel is 1m x 1m and the amount of resin is 1 cm, then how much is kg of resin and how much is required?" We answer: composition consumption - 2.2 kg per 1 sq. m. gives a thickness of 2 mm. So you need 10 kg of composition. But there is a risk with a spill of such a thickness of 1 cm. The risk is that it is more difficult to remove bubbles from this thickness. Plus, a layer of 1 cm (and above) can heat up and warp during the polymerization process (it is possible to foam and crack). But on our hardener Telalit-0492 (which is calm and non-reactive) a thickness of 1cm is allowed.
For 3 square meters, 6.6 kg of epoxy composition (resin + hardener) are needed, while the layer thickness will be 2 mm. Therefore, the consumption is 2.2 kg / sq. m.
Usually thick layers of epoxy are not poured - it can boil, deform () Exit - pour in layers of 1 cm, apply one on top of the other layer, which is obtained on the TELALIT 0492 hardener and Epoxy 517 resin.
We offer bulk transparent hardener Telalit 0590(from 0.28 kg) for pouring THICK LAYERS. The proportion of mixing resin and hardener is indicated on the container of the hardener. And to herself: (28:100) , de 100 gr - epoxy resin 517 , and 28 gr - TELALIT hardener 0590 . Mix components with a stretch of 5-10 strands. After the shifting of the components of the day, there is a large number of fluffy puffs. We try to see them by directing the jets of hot air. But the reaction of the firm seems to be more appropriate - if the dekilka is bad, then the fluff may be able to appear independently. Dali firm steps and trivaє dekіlka tizhnіv. After three days of polymerization, there is more plastic mill, and after the 14-day period - the main set of mentality, after 28 days - the last set, for the minds of the work with the composition in the minds of room temperature (25-40 ºС) that vitrimki prodovzh month.
Also available with bulk clear hardener Telalit 0420(from 0.4 kg) for pouring THICK LAYERS (meaning a layer of 2 cm if a large area is poured like that of "Slabs", and if the future product has a small volume of 200 cm3, then a layer of 4-5 cm is possible). The reaction is accompanied by the release of heat! Therefore, additional heating (for example, using a hair dryer to remove bubbles) can speed up the reaction and lead to unwanted deformation. Mixing ratio: 1 kg resin (epoxy-517) + 0.2 kg hardener ("TELALIT 0420"). After two days of polymerization, it may become colder, and after a 7-day period - the main recruitment of mentality, after 14 days - the latest recruitment, for the minds of the showcase, that practice with the composition in the minds of the room t (20-25 ºС).
According to its chemical structure, epoxy resin is a synthetic oligomeric compound. Epoxy resin materials have found their application in various industries. As a rule, epoxy resin is not used in free form. It can show its properties after the polymerization reaction in conjunction with the hardener.
If combined different types epoxy resins and hardeners, different materials can be obtained: hard and hard (harder than steel), or soft. Epoxy resins are resistant to chemical acids and alkalis, halogens, soluble in acetone and esters without film formation. Epoxy compounds do not emit volatile substances after curing and may exhibit slight shrinkage.
Types of epoxy resins
Types of epoxy Epoxy resin is a type of synthetic resin. It gained its distribution in the fifties and immediately became popular due to its universal consumer properties.
The temperature regime for curing epoxy resin can vary from -10 to +200°C, depending on the type of composition used.
Epoxies can be divided into cold and hot curing types:
- The cold type of curing epoxy resin is used, as a rule, in everyday life, in enterprises with low power and where there is no heat treatment.
- For the manufacture and production of high-strength products that can withstand high temperature differences and active chemicals and additives, a hot type of curing is used. With this method, the most dense network of polymer molecules is formed. The developed epoxy compositions can harden in conditions of humidity and dampness, as well as in sea water.
Application of epoxy resins
Epoxy materials have become widely known throughout the world since the middle of the last century. But in Lately the nature of their use has changed significantly.
The traditional use of epoxy resins is in the following areas:
The concept of hardener
Epoxy mixture includes two components. When they are mixed, the polymerization process begins. In this case, the polymerizing component is usually called a hardener.
With various combinations of resins and hardeners, a wide variety of epoxy compositions are obtained.
Tertiary amines, phenols and their analogues are used as hardeners. The ratio of epoxy resins and hardeners have wide limits and depend on their composition.
Epoxy resin is the so-called thermoplastic, i.e. The reaction that takes place between epoxy resins and hardeners is irreversible. Cured resin will not dissolve, and will not melt like a thermoplastic.
Resin and hardener With an excess or lack of hardener in the epoxy composition, it can lead to negative consequences: strength will decrease, as well as resistance to heat and active chemical additives and substances. If the level of hardener is insufficient, the product may become sticky due to unbound epoxy. With an excessive level of free hardener, there is a gradual release on the surface of the polymer. In modern compounds, the ratio of 1:2 or 1:1 is increasingly common.
Preparatory work for applying epoxy resin
Regardless of the type of surface, when using an epoxy composition, a number of rules must be observed for high-quality adhesion:
Advantages and Pros of Epoxy Resins
Epoxy resin has great advantages over similar materials:
- adhesive bond of high strength;
- slight shrinkage;
- minimum moisture permeability in hardening form;
- increased stability and wear resistance;
- excellent physical and mechanical properties and parameters.
Epoxy adhesive. Its properties and application
Epoxy resin gained fame as an adhesive.
Epoxy resins are most often used to create special protective layers and to bond parts with a non-porous surface.
What can be glued with epoxy In a universal adhesive, as a rule, special epoxy compounds with high adhesion to different materials.
Their final properties after curing vary widely. The composition of the adhesive is elastic and hard. When working in living conditions there are compositions that do not require exact observance of the proportions of the resin with the hardener. It can be from 100:40 to 100:60. The set of these compositions includes a cold-type hardener.
Epoxy glue is considered a versatile and reliable tool, due to its high-quality adhesion and bond strength. This glue is used in various fields, from shoe shops to machine and aircraft construction.
Method for making epoxy adhesive
Hardener proportions Epoxy must be mixed with a hardener in order to make an adhesive. in large numbers at room temperature. The standard ratio of epoxy resin and hardener is 1:10. When mixing, exact proportions are not required and a slight overdose of hardener (1: 5) is acceptable. A small volume is usually mixed by hand.
Epoxy curing speed
Many believe that if you take a hardener more than the required rate, then curing will occur much faster. But the simplest and most common way to accelerate polymerization is to increase the temperature of the reacting mixture. With an increase in temperature by 10 ° C, it can speed up the process by 2-3 times. The temperature of the mixture and the type of hardener will be the main factors influencing the rate of final cure.
Bulk products made of epoxy resins
To make a large product from epoxy resin, certain difficulties may arise. Such a product should be free of air bubbles, and its surface should be transparent.
Epoxy table It should be noted that curing in the thickness and on the surface should proceed evenly. With a product thickness of 2 mm or more, the material is applied in layers after the initial solidification of the previous layer.
There are special molds for epoxy resins. Before use, the form is lubricated with technical petroleum jelly or other fats. With the help of powder dyes, the product can be given any color. At the end of the work, the product is initially kept at room temperature. After 3 hours, the primary polymerization process begins, after which the product is heated in an oven for a faster curing process (up to 6 hours). At room temperature, the complete polymerization process can take up to 7 days, and with the addition of triethylenetetramine, the surface becomes sticky. .
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Instructions on how to dilute epoxy resin with a hardener
Epoxy resin is an oligomeric synthetic compound that is widely used in bonding surfaces, pouring floors, making designer products and decorations. The polymer is used both in industry and in everyday life. The resin has practical value only in combination with a hardener. The correct choice of the latter, adherence to technology and maintaining proportions when mixing components directly affect the final quality of the resulting product.
Epoxy hardener
Acquisition of physical and operational characteristics from conventional paintwork materials occurs as a result of solidification accompanied by evaporation of the liquid. In some paints and resins, such a process is impossible. Epoxy resin cures as a result of chemical reaction, during which polymerization occurs and the composition acquires a stable structure.
The hardener is not only a catalyst, but also a full participant in the reaction. The accuracy of the dosage of resin and hardener is determined by such properties of the resulting product as uniformity, hardness, transparency, durability. Incorrect mixing of components leads to a decrease in quality characteristics, significantly reduces the service life of both the resulting compound and the compounds and elements formed with it.
Hardener classification
Exist Various types hardeners. There are two types of compounds designed to work with epoxy compounds:
- acid;
- amine.
The polymerization reaction with acidic compounds proceeds at elevated temperatures ranging from +100 to +200 degrees Celsius. The group of this type of hardeners includes dicarbic acids, including their anhydrides.
Amine hardeners do not require the use of specialized equipment, they react at normal (room) temperature. Various amines belonging to this type of hardeners are the most accessible and common when diluting "epoxy".
Traditional or modified hardeners
Hardeners have a much more significant effect on the result than the resin itself. The most budgetary and widely used were and remain TETA and PEPA. They are attractive, first of all, for their cost, but in terms of characteristics they are significantly inferior to much more expensive modified compositions.
The disadvantages of PEPA and TETA are:
- curing for TETA occurs at a temperature not lower than 25-30, and for PEPA - 15 degrees Celsius;
- susceptibility to increased moisture, especially this minus is significant when pouring the floor or waterproofing;
- fast onset of polymerization, which makes it difficult to obtain a thick layer of cured resin.
Modified compounds are devoid of these shortcomings, but they also have a corresponding cost. Which hardener to give preference depends on the goals. If the resin is used in small quantities, then the connection that is included with the compound or system is quite sufficient. When it becomes necessary to purchase or replace the hardener, the dosage is selected by testing small quantities.
How to properly dilute epoxy resin with hardener?
The dilution of epoxy systems and compounds with a hardener requires the correct observance of dosages and the use of the following tools:
- containers in which the components will be mixed;
- wooden stick for mixing;
- two syringes for collecting substances.
It is important to remember that the curing reaction is irreversible. It is better to make a couple of test "mixings" in order to calculate the exact dosage and polymerization time of the resulting composition. This is especially convenient in cases where you have to work with large volumes.
General cooking procedure
- Resin is recommended to be heated to a less viscous consistency, avoiding crystallization and boiling. If it overheats, it will foam and become unusable. Crystallized resin can be returned to its original transparent state by heating the substance to +40 degrees Celsius, stirring constantly.
- First, the resin is drawn into one syringe and squeezed into a container, the hardener is into the other and added to the compound.
- Both components are thoroughly mixed together. Electric tools must not be used. A regular wooden stick works best.
Preparation of epoxy resin in small volumes
To obtain a conventional adhesive composition intended for domestic use, cold mixing is sufficient. For one part of the resin, ten parts of the hardener are taken, that is, in a ratio of 1:10. All work is carried out at a temperature not exceeding +25 degrees Celsius.
You should not immediately mix the entire number of components. Do a test dilution in small amounts first to make sure you get the right proportions. After obtaining a sample of the desired quality, mix required amount both components, pouring them into a container, mixing thoroughly.
It is impossible to get a large amount of epoxy resin by cold mixing. The reaction proceeds with the release of thermal energy. And the larger volumes are mixed, the more heat will be released. Consequently, polymerization can occur instantly and the composition becomes unusable.
The resulting mixture should be free of air bubbles. It should be absolutely transparent, have a uniform viscous consistency.
Obtaining epoxy resin in large volumes
In a handicraft way, they are prepared only by heating the resin in a water bath. The substance is brought to a temperature of +50 degrees Celsius. This allows you to get not only more composition than with the cold dilution method, but also increase its suitability for work by about one or even two hours.
It is necessary to maintain the heating temperature uniform all the time. If it rises above +60 degrees, then polymerization will become inevitable. It will no longer be possible to use the resin obtained in this way. It will harden in a few minutes. Water must not be allowed to enter the component. This will result in a loss of adhesive properties, which is indicated by haze.
How to mix ingredients correctly
It is recommended to dilute epoxy resin with a hardener only after adding a plasticizer. Mostly use DEG-1 or DBP. Its ratio to the total mass of epoxy resin should be from five to ten percent. For mixing it is best to use construction mixer with a special nozzle.
The hardener is added after mixing. It is poured in gradually in a thin stream. To get a dense composition, five parts of the hardener are taken per part of the resin, not ten. Transparency is achieved only when the introduction of an acidic or amine compound is accompanied by stirring.
Do not rush to pour in the hardener. The whole process should last from five to ten minutes. Otherwise, the mixture will boil instantly.
Epoxy curing time
Determines the period during which the resin retains viscosity and ductility, that is, it is suitable for pouring or gluing various surfaces. If the composition is diluted according to the classical recipe (1:10), the shelf life of the "epoxy" is from half an hour to an hour. When the amount of hardener is reduced, the viscosity is maintained for two or three hours.
To maintain the viscosity of the resin direct influence provided by the ambient temperature. If it is negative, freezing occurs almost instantly. This is the reason for the requirement to comply temperature regime while mixing the components. It is recommended to dilute the resin in a warm, but at the same time well-ventilated or ventilated area.
Safety
When cured, epoxy resin is harmless and does not emit toxic and dangerous substances for humans and the environment, but when mixed with a hardener, certain precautions must be followed:
- Compound breeding work is carried out in a well-ventilated area, to which pets and small children do not have access during the work;
- Mixing is best done with gloves, a respirator, glasses, avoiding contact with both the hardener and the resin on the skin, in the eyes;
- In order not to stain clothes, it is recommended to wear an apron;
- Surrounding objects must be protected. In a frozen form, it is almost impossible to remove the "epoxy" from furniture, clothing and other surfaces.
If the substance gets on the skin, the area is wiped with acetone and washed with soap. It makes no sense to use alcohols and other solvents for removal. The resin is resistant to them and aggressive acids. If it gets into your eyes, you should immediately consult a doctor.
The curing reaction proceeds with the release of heat. It is necessary to prepare large volumes of epoxy resin due to the possible boiling of the mass with caution and not at home.
superarch.ru
Epoxy resin - how to apply correctly
The strongest adhesive that will glue almost everything, with the exception of nylon, plexiglass, polyethylene and other non-porous elastic materials, is a two-component epoxy resin. The substance is also used in needlework, furniture making, decoupage, auto, creativity, and construction. Otherwise, it is called an epoxy compound. Epoxy is not used in its free form, only in combination with a hardener, which makes it possible for its unique properties to appear after the polymerization reaction. For this reason, it is important to know how to dilute epoxy correctly.
What is epoxy resin
Epoxy resins are oligomers that contain epoxy groups and, when exposed to hardeners, form crosslinked polymers. Hardeners can be polyamines and other compounds. The most common epoxy resins are polycondensation products with bisphenol A or polycondensation with epichlorohydrin phenols.
Liquid epoxy can be of various shades: from white, transparent, to wine-red. But usually it has the appearance of a yellow-orange transparent liquid, resembling honey in consistency, or a solid, brown (like tar) mass.
Compound
Epoxy resin chemical composition is a synthetic oligomeric compound. Such substances are in demand today in almost all industries. After combining epoxy resin with hardeners, you get:
- durable and soft materials;
- hard and tough;
- rubber-like materials.
Epoxy resin is resistant to acids, halogens, alkalis, but dissolves in acetone and esters without forming a film. After curing, volatile substances are not released, there is a very slight shrinkage of the composition.
How to work with epoxy
To work with epoxy, you need a hardener, disposable cup, 2 syringes and a stirring stick.
Tip: Pour the hardener into the resin, not the other way around. Usually the hardener has a liquid consistency and can splatter when you press the syringe sharply, so do it carefully.
Instructions for use:
- Take a syringe, fill it with the required amount of resin and release it into a glass. Do the same with the hardener. Mixing ratios vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, so read the instructions for use carefully before starting work. Incorrectly diluted epoxy does not harden well.
- Thoroughly mix the resin with the hardener, the mass should become homogeneous. It is necessary to mix slowly and carefully, if you do it with sharp movements and quickly, then bubbles will appear in the mass. The liquid consistency of the composition will ensure that the bubbles quickly escape to the outside, they will remain in the initially thick components. The density of the resin depends on the manufacturer. Insufficiently well mixed components will cause poor setting of the composition.
- Polymerization does not occur instantly, it is necessary to wait a bit until the mass acquires the consistency required for work.
- Pour into a mold or make a lens.
- Wait for the time specified by the manufacturer in the instructions until the epoxy is completely cured.
TipDuring solidification, dust particles and various dirt adhere well to the mass. The use of containers and boxes with a lid will help prevent this. Make the product in a box and close the lid while the composition hardens.
Epoxy resin has conditional solidification stages:
- At first, the mass is very liquid and flows easily, which makes it the most suitable for pouring into a mold. The liquid consistency allows the epoxy to penetrate into the smallest recesses, a thicker composition cannot do this, and the relief will not be very clear.
- After some time, the epoxy becomes thicker and is suitable for making convex lenses on a flat base. It will not be possible to make such a lens from liquid resin - the composition will roll down from the workpiece. At this stage, it is best to fill in non-embossed forms at home.
- The least suitable consistency of the mixture for work is like thick honey. When typing epoxy on a stick, bubbles are easily formed, which are very difficult to remove. At this stage, the composition is suitable for gluing the parts together. Epoxy is characterized by excellent adhesion and adheres well to most materials (on the basis of this property, EDP glue was developed.), But it easily peels off from polypropylene, polyethylene, silicone, rubber, surfaces covered with a film of fat.
- Epoxy resin becomes very thick and sticky, it is problematic to separate a little from the main mass.
- The next stage is rubber. Epoxy doesn't stick to your hands, but it wrinkles and bends easily, you can make a lot of things out of it, but if you want it to harden in the right position, then fix it, otherwise it will return to its original state.
- Completely cured epoxy resin. It can not be pressed with a fingernail, it feels like plastic to the touch.
Advice If there is no form of special material, then lubricate the existing vegetable oil, but first check how this specific epoxy composition will react to it.
Epoxy resin from different manufacturers has different curing times. The time of onset of stages is determined exclusively by experience. There is a soft epoxy resin that remains rubbery even after it has completely cured, which is ideal for some products.
How to breed
It is necessary to dilute the proportions very carefully, since an insufficient or excessive amount of hardener in the mixture adversely affects the quality of the resulting polymer.
An excess of hardener is characterized by the fact that the composition remains resistant to heat, action chemical substances and water, but becomes less durable. In addition, the excess is released on the surface during the operation of the product, so you need to know exactly how to dilute the epoxy correctly.
Insufficient amount of hardener makes the resin sticky, as part of it remains unbound.
To obtain different mixtures, the hardener and epoxy are mixed in different proportions, as you will learn by reading the instructions for use. A modern composition is usually done like this: 2 parts of resin are taken for 1 part of the curing components, or a hardener and resin are mixed 1 to 1.
The polymerization rate is influenced by the type of hardener and the temperature of the composition. To speed up the process, slightly heat the mass. Increasing the temperature by 10°C will speed up the polymerization by 3 times. There are compounds that include hardening accelerators, there are also those that harden at low temperatures.
Epoxy resin becomes solid at temperatures from -10 to +200 ° C, which depends on the type of composition used. Most often, a cold-type hardener is used in everyday life, it is found in low-power production conditions and where heat treatment is unacceptable.
Hot hardeners are used in the production of products with high strength, which will be subjected to significant loads and action. high temperatures. Hot polymerization contributes to the formation of a dense network of molecules, which ensures the stability of the composition.
Consumption per 1m2
How much epoxy resin will be consumed depends on the purpose of its use. If you use epoxy as glue, then the properties of the surfaces to be joined will affect the consumption:
- porosity;
- roughness;
- ability to absorb substances.
Tip Apply the minimum acceptable amount of epoxy to the surfaces to be bonded, then press them together and fix in this position until the adhesive has completely cured.
The area consumption is of great importance in the manufacture of, for example, floor covering. If it is necessary to cover a concrete smooth floor, just so that it does not dust, then 100 g per 1 m2 will be enough. In the manufacture of a more durable coating, reinforced and perfectly even, up to 3.5 kg of epoxy resin per 1 m2 will be required.
Modified epoxies of various shades are used in the construction of polymer self-leveling floors. The polymer is poured out of the container onto the floor and spreads due to gravity. Such application causes a consumption of 1 kg of epoxy per 1 m2 per layer.
How much dries
Complete curing of the epoxy usually occurs after 24 hours. Products (for example, brooches, hairpins), which are not subjected to significant stress, are ready for use after 12 hours.
What temperature can it withstand
The melting temperature of the cured epoxy resin is up to + 150-180 ° C, while its strength will decrease slightly. Some brands of glue withstand short-term heating up to +400°C and long-term heating up to +250°C.
Is it harmful to health
After hardening, epoxy resin under normal operating conditions is absolutely harmless to the human body. But its use is limited by the fact that when cured under industrial production conditions, a little soluble residue (sol fraction) remains in the composition. It is this residue that can cause serious damage to health if it is washed away by solvents and enters the human body. Epoxy resins are poisonous before curing and can adversely affect health.
- Set up the table before you start. plastic wrap to avoid leakage and contamination of its surface. The paper will not protect against stains as the epoxy impregnates it.
- Do not allow water to get into the hardener, epoxy or mixture of these substances. If you work with the composition at high humidity in the room, solidification will occur poorly.
- You can give the epoxy any shade. This is done by adding special toners to the composition, but their cost is relatively high. A more affordable option is gel pens ink, paint inside felt-tip pens, markers, or stained glass.
- Do not work with epoxy at ambient temperatures below +22°C, as there is a possibility that the compound will not harden well.
- If the resin is held in a cold room, such as on a balcony, flakes or grains may appear in it. To return the composition to its original state, heat it to 40-60 ° C.
- By placing the product on a radiator, you will shorten the curing time of the epoxy resin. Ensure that the temperature rise is not too strong so that the composition does not boil with the formation of many bubbles.
- If a bubble has formed close to the surface of the epoxy, just blow on it through a cocktail tube or untwisted pen. The resulting bubble will burst.
- Epoxy is characterized by increased fluidity, for this reason, do not use the composition as a coating (varnish) for embossed products.
- Make high-quality lenses on blanks with flat surface can only be achieved by placing them in a perfectly horizontal position. Otherwise, the lenses will turn out to be uneven - on one side it is higher, on the other it is lower.
- If the lens slides towards the center and does not cover the edges of the workpiece, this indicates that little epoxy was poured or it is very liquid. Try pouring another layer, this will fix the situation.
- To prevent your epoxy from turning yellow over time from exposure to sunlight and heat, purchase a product that contains a UV filter.
- If epoxy comes into contact with the skin of your hands, wipe off the contamination with alcohol, then wash your hands with soap and water.
- If the resin gets into the eyes or was swallowed, consult a doctor.
Epoxy resins are toxic to a greater or lesser extent, depending on the composition. For this reason, they must be handled in a well-ventilated room or under an exhaust hood. You can completely protect yourself from inhaling vapors of organic acids by working with epoxy in a respirator.
goodklei.ru
Common Mistakes When Mixing Epoxy
This type of polymer was originally developed exclusively for industrial applications. However, the unique properties of epoxy very quickly attracted the attention of handmade masters. Now it is used almost everywhere: from pouring floors to creating miniature decorations.
The technological complexity of this compound lies in the need to pre-training. It is not for sale in ready-made, to obtain it, it is necessary to combine two components: the raw material itself and the hardener.
Polymerization starting immediately after contact leads to the creation of a strong transparent polymer.
Proportions
It is formed as a result of a complex chemical polymerization reaction, in which the characteristics of the resulting plastic depend on the numerical ratio of the components. This process is irreversible, curing begins when the components come into contact. It is impossible to stop the reaction and return the liquid state in order to correct the miscalculations made.
Epoxy is not softened by solvents or heat. Therefore, it is so important to immediately choose the right ratio of the initial elements.
The required proportions must be indicated on the manufacturer's packaging. If less than the recommended hardener is added to the composition, the resulting plastic will not harden at all, or will remain sticky and cloudy. This is due to the fact that due to the lack of one element, the second will not fully react and remain unbound.
If, on the contrary, the amount of this reagent is increased, then with a slight excess, the mixture may harden, but the strength will decrease. In addition, with an excess of the component, after solidification, it may stand out on the surface, and it will have to be removed. This will also affect the quality of the product.
Obtaining large volumes requires special care, because heat release is directly proportional to the amount of mixed substance. For voluminous things (for example, creating self-leveling floors), special compositions have been developed that do not overheat even with a large amount of consumable material.
Major mixing mistakes
- Experienced craftsmen advise not to mix more than 50 ml at the same time. If you try to cook a large portion at once, and even with a violation, then not only boiling is possible, but also spontaneous combustion with the release of toxic smoke. When making large items (for example, countertops), you need to study the instructions, which will indicate what maximum volume this brand allows.
- Plastic containers should not be used when working with large volumes, even with an unintentional mistake, a sharp heating of the substance is possible with the container melting and pouring everything around with a hot viscous liquid.
- If one of the components has run out in the purchased product, you should not experiment and introduce the missing component from another set into the composition - the result is unpredictable.
- Extraneous impurities can also violate proportionality, and hence properties. So, water getting inside leads to turbidity and incomplete solidification of the substance. Therefore, the admixture of even small doses of water should not be allowed.
- It is also not recommended to work with high humidity air - water condensate will interact with the unhardened mass, which will lead to poor-quality hardening. In this situation, heating with external source heat - water evaporates, and polymerization can go to the end.
- Sometimes it is required to change the properties of the final product - for example, it is required to give a shade to a transparent mass. To do this, it is allowed to introduce various additives and dyes, but only after thoroughly mixing the two main components.
Mixing
According to experienced specialists, 90-95% of the occurrence of problems are associated with dishonest mixing of the substance. For correct manufacture one liquid is carefully poured into another with continuous stirring. Movements should be smooth and slow so that air inclusions do not form. In the process, it is necessary to scrape off adhering particles from the walls and bottom of the dishes so as not to violate the required ratio of the reacting elements. The approximate processing time for 50 ml is one and a half to two minutes.
Small portions are easy to make by hand. To do this, the two source liquids are carefully combined in a suitable container and continuously mixed with a wooden spatula until completely transparent and homogeneous. With bulky portions, it is difficult to achieve the required uniformity in a fairly short time, so it is rational to use a special mixer.
Poorly made mixture hardens poorly, remains sticky. Sometimes inexperienced users fill in such a coating with another layer - "to fix it." This is useless, the failed coating can only be removed and the whole job done again.
Inconspicuous streaks on the surface of a polymer product can be considered a minor defect of insufficiently high-quality mixing. They are formed due to the manifestation of an unbound reagent. This defect is correctable. The product must be allowed to dry completely, then fine sandpaper clean the stains and cover the cleaned place with another layer of polymer substance.
You may also be interested in: The main mistakes when working with epoxy resin Safety of epoxy Tools and materials used for working with jewelry epoxy resin
jbizhu.ru
Epoxy resin: characteristics and scope
Epoxy resin is a material familiar to almost every person of a conscious age. Having appeared on the construction market in the fifties of the last century, it has taken a well-deserved place on many construction sites, due to its universal consumer characteristics. The scope of the synthetic oligomer, which is epoxy resin, is quite wide and includes shipbuilding, industrial production and household industries. The development of modern technologies and the constant development of new compositions contribute to the constant expansion of this list, and, accordingly, the possibilities of using epoxy resins. Despite this, this material is never used in its pure form and acquires its valuable properties only after mixing with a hardener, which contributes to the completion of polymerization reactions. Due to the demand for epoxy resin on modern construction sites, as well as in the field of household and creativity, in this article we will consider specifications this material and substances containing epoxy resin.
- Advantages of epoxy resins
Epoxy composition: ratio of resin and hardener
Epoxy resin, which is in demand in almost all industries, in terms of chemical structure, is a synthetic oligomeric compound that is used in combination with hardeners that contribute to the completion of polymerization processes. It is these processes, after which the epoxy resin is ready for use, that determine its technical and operational characteristics. With this in mind, we can conclude that epoxy resin cannot be used in its pure form.
During the combination various kinds epoxy resins and hardeners form a variety of substances that sometimes have opposite properties. Some of them can be hard and rigid, the strength of which exceeds the strength of steel, while others, on the contrary, will be soft, resembling rubber in consistency. Depending on the initial components of the epoxy mixture, epoxy resin can be cured in a wide temperature range: from -10 to +200 degrees, and the material itself is also divided into two varieties: hot and cold curing resin, which is determined mainly by the type of material used. hardener.
Epoxy resin in combination with a cold curing hardener is used for domestic purposes, in small production conditions and in cases where heat treatment is not acceptable.
When epoxy is used to make products that must initially be resistant to high temperatures, mechanical stress and aggressive chemicals, it is supplemented with a hot curing hardener. This is due to the fact that the use of hot-curing hardeners promotes the formation of a denser molecular lattice, which formed the basis for the production of epoxy systems, which are cured in high humidity conditions or in sea water.
The epoxy resin hardener acts as a polymerizing component. Tertiary amines and their analogs and phenols can be used as hardeners. The ratio of epoxy resin and hardener can be residually variable and is directly determined by the composition of the initial components. Being a thermoplastic, epoxy resin enters into an irreversible polymerization reaction with a hardener, which contributes to the production of a durable substance that is insoluble in water and under the influence of high temperatures.
In the process of mixing the components, it is important to observe the necessary proportions that are relevant for a particular type of resin, since an excess or lack of a hardener has a negative effect on the quality of the finished polymer, reducing its strength, resistance to moisture, temperature and aggressive chemicals. The ratio of components in modern epoxy compositions is 1:2 or 1:1.
Important! One of the common myths about epoxy is that if the amount of hardener used is exceeded, the resin cures much faster. To debunk it, we note that the excess amount of hardener does not affect the rate of polymerization of the material. Only possible way to accelerate the polymerization of the resin is to increase the temperature of the reacting mixture. It has been proven that an increase in temperature by 10 degrees accelerates the hardening process by 2-3 times. This property formed the basis for the production of compounds, the structure of which contains curing accelerators. Epoxy formulations have also been developed that cure at lower temperatures.
Thus, the main and only factors that affect the speed of curing are the temperature of the mixture and the type of hardener.
The main types of epoxy resin
There are several types of epoxy resins, each of which includes several subspecies.
- Epoxy-diane resins is a collective concept that includes several subspecies of epoxy resins - materials labeled ED-20 and ED-22.
- Epoxy resin ED-20 is the most commonly used variety of liquid resins, which has universal performance characteristics. It is widely used both in industry and in everyday life as part of casting and impregnating compounds, as well as in the production of sealants and adhesives. It can be used as a binder for the production of reinforced plastics and protective coatings.
- Epoxy resin ED-22 is another representative of liquid epoxy resins, characterized by relatively low viscosity and a tendency to crystallize during storage. Like ED-20, it has universal operational properties.
- Epoxy resin ED-16 is a material with a high viscosity, as a result of which it is used only in the production of fiberglass as a binder;
- Epoxy resins ED-10 and ED-8 are solid substances used in electrical and radio engineering.
- Epoxy-dian resins for paints and varnishes is a group of epoxy resins, including E-40 and E-40r grades, which are used for the manufacture of varnishes, paints, putties and coatings that demonstrate resistance to increased exposure to chemicals and aggressive environmental factors. Epoxy resin E-41, as well as previous brands, is used as part of the casting compositions, putties, enamels and adhesives.
- Epoxy-modified resins of the EPOFOM brand are materials that are used for the production of epoxy compounds used as protective coatings in the construction of self-leveling floors and pipeline repairs.
The group of epoxy-modified resins includes EPOFOM-1,2,3 grades. They are raw materials for the production of materials that perform the function of protective coatings, the main function of which is to prevent concrete and metal structures. Protects construction sites from exposure to chemically aggressive substances.
Epoxy resins for special purposes - a group of materials used for the production of compositions with special physical, mechanical and technological characteristics and operated in extreme conditions, as well as products used in various industries and exposed to aggressive environmental factors. The most famous resins of the special purpose group are:
- EHD resin (chlorine-containing), used as a base in the production of sealants, adhesives, and a binder for carbon and fiberglass, characterized by mechanical stability, reduced flammability and moisture resistance;
- Resin UP-637, which contains resorcinol, is the main material used as a basis for the production of impregnating and casting compounds. Another variety of the UP-631 brand is a structural component of non-combustible compounds for casting and impregnation.
Epoxy resin ED-20: a brief description of
From the point of view of the chemical structure, epoxy resin ED-20 is an oligomeric compound based on diphenylolpropane diglycidyl ether. A variety of bioorganic substances, such as phenol-formaldehyde resins, polycarboxylic acid anhydrides, aromatic and aliphatic amines, polyamides and other substances, can be used as a hardener for this brand of epoxy-dian resin. Depending on the hardener used, the technical and operational characteristics of ED-20 resin vary widely.
With this in mind, the scope of its application is also determined, which is also characterized by versatility:
- Epoxy resin brand ED-20 is one of the few varieties of epoxy resins that can be used in industrial production and as part of composite materials, for example, casting and impregnating compounds, and in pure form;
- ED-20 is used for the production of epoxy adhesive and sealant;
- Acts as a binder in the production of reinforced plastics and protective coatings.
Important! Being absolutely non-explosive, ED-20 resin does not burn in an open fire. The composition of the material contains volatile substances - epichlorohydrin and toluene, which belong to the second hazard class in terms of the degree of impact on the human body.
Advantages of epoxy resins
- Resistance to abrasive substances, and, accordingly, wear;
- Strength adhesive bond in the case of using adhesive compositions based on epoxy resin;
- Optimal physical and mechanical characteristics;
- After curing, the epoxy resin is characterized by minimal moisture permeability;
- Minimal shrinkage during and after curing.
Scope of epoxy resin: main areas of use
For the first time, the use of epoxy resin began in the 50s of the last century - in those days, the resin took its rightful place in many industries. Since then, the nature of its use has undergone many changes, but the main areas of its use have remained unchanged:
- Fiberglass and epoxy resin is a constant direction for the use of the latter. Epoxy resin is used as an impregnating composition for fiberglass and fiberglass, as well as for bonding parts in many engineering and technical industries - radio electronics, electrical engineering, aviation and automotive industries, shipbuilding and mechanical engineering, as well as in the production of fiberglass, and workshops practicing body repair car and boat hull elements;
- Epoxy resin, which is as versatile as its properties, can be used as waterproofing coatings for floors, pools and walls basements;
- Incorporation into chemically resistant coatings - the use of epoxy resin is at the heart of the production of paints and materials intended for interior and exterior finish buildings, for example, impregnations that increase strength and moisture resistance porous materials– wood, concrete and others;
- A transparent epoxy resin intended for pouring into molds, after curing, it is machined by cutting and grinding. Processed items can be used in the electronics industry, household, design work and even jewelry art.
Important! Jewelry from natural materials now at the peak of popularity. Using jewelry epoxy resin, which is a plastic mass, you can make products that completely imitate glass. To make epoxy resin decorations more attractive, natural materials are poured into the resin - dried flowers, leaves, cones, or even insects.
Epoxy glue: a brief description
The versatility of epoxy comes to the fore when it is used as an adhesive, showing off the beauty of the raw material used. Epoxy adhesive is a universal composition for gluing materials characterized by a non-porous surface: aluminum, faience, ceramics, hard rock wood, such as oak, teak, eucalyptus, etc. It is used with equal popularity in shoe shops and in the aircraft industry. This is due to the high adhesion and strength of the formed joint. There are two types of adhesive compositions based on epoxy resin: elastic and rigid.
Important! If you plan to carry out work at home, experts recommend giving preference adhesive compositions, which do not require exact observance of the ratio of resin and hardener. A set of such compositions is supplemented with a cold-type hardener.
To prepare an epoxy adhesive, the resin must be mixed with a small amount of hardener (a few grams) at room temperature. Basically, epoxy resin and hardener are taken in a ratio of 1: 10, however, it is allowed to exceed the norm of the hardener, contributing to a change in the ratio to 1: 5. The components of the composition are mixed manually.
Do-it-yourself preparation of large volumes of epoxy resin
Epoxy resin has a number of specific properties, ignorance of which can lead to problems in the process of manufacturing large volumes of epoxy composition. It is important to be aware that heat is generated when working with large amounts of epoxy, and if the resin is not designed to be mixed with a hardener in large quantities, immediately after the components are combined, it will polymerize and harden, becoming unusable. In the worst case, the mixture boils with the release of acrid smoke and undergoes spontaneous combustion, which is explained by the avalanche heating of the resin, during which the polymerization reaction is accelerated and intense heat generation occurs.
Important! When purchasing epoxy resin and hardener, check with a specialist for what purpose it is intended. From a special composition designed for the preparation of large volumes of the mixture, you will get a clean, transparent, evenly cured casting, characterized by the absence of air bubbles.
The technology for preparing large volumes of epoxy, for example, several kilograms of a mixture, is different from kneading a small amount of epoxy glue. Let's consider this process in more detail.
- Often when long-term storage resin, it becomes more viscous, and also becomes cloudy and crystallizes. To eliminate these phenomena, before adding the hardener and plasticizer, heat the resin in a water bath, which will reduce its viscosity. To do this, lower the container with resin into water and heat it to a temperature of 50-60 degrees;
Important! In the process of heating the resin, remember that an increase in temperature by 10 degrees accelerates the polymerization process by 2-3 times. As a result, it is important to monitor the temperature of the resin, as if it boils, it will turn cloudy white and foam, becoming unusable.
Important! Often, inexperienced craftsmen use a solvent to increase the viscosity of the resin, however, even a small concentration of it (no more than 5-7%) will lead to a pronounced decrease in the strength characteristics and heat resistance of the product. In addition, during the operation of the product, the solvent often “sweats out” from the polymer, which also degrades the quality of the material.
- Completely eliminate the presence of water in the epoxy resin and hardener. When water enters the epoxy becomes cloudy, losing its properties. However, the development of modern technologies makes it possible to produce water-borne epoxy compounds, which are diluted with distilled water;
- The preparation of the epoxy composition begins with the addition of a plasticizer. If you are using DBP, slowly heat the plasticizer resin, and when using DEG-1, simply mix the composition using a construction mixer or a drill attachment. The proportion of the used plasticizer and resin is determined by the required plasticity of the mixture, however, in most cases, the proportion of the plasticizer in the mixture does not exceed 5-10%;
- Before adding a hardener to the mixture of resin and plasticizer, cool it to 30 degrees, which will prevent it from boiling. After that, add a hardener to the mixture, based on a ratio of 1: 10. Sometimes it is allowed to change the proportions from 1:5 to 1:20. To achieve uniform dissolution of the hardener in the resin, it is necessary to constantly mix the composition, otherwise, if the hardener is unevenly distributed, it will remain unbound and will sweat. To achieve a homogeneous mixture, slowly and gradually pour the hardener in a thin stream, constantly stirring the composition.
Important! Even a short-term increase in the concentration of the hardener will cause the resin to boil - it will become matte white, covered with foam and become unusable. Try to avoid an overdose of hardener, as in some cases instant hardening of the resin may occur.
Making a bulk product from epoxy resin: recommendations from the masters
- Bulk product made of epoxy resin should be transparent, without air bubbles. The curing of the material must be uniform, both in the thickness and on the surface of the product. If the thickness of the finished product exceeds 2 mm, the resin must be applied in layers, after the primary polymerization of the previous layer has occurred.
- Epoxy resin can also be poured into molds. So that after polymerization of the resin finished product could be easily removed from the mold, it must be lubricated with technical petroleum jelly. To give the product color, powder dye is used.
- After you have completed the work, the product must be kept at a temperature slightly above room temperature. After 2-3 hours after the primary polymerization, the product is heated in an oven, which will speed up the polymerization process up to 5-6 hours. At room temperature, the polymerization process lasts 7 days.
- Subsequently, the product cast from epoxy resin is subject to mechanical processing - cutting and grinding.
Important! Epoxy resin of domestic production in most cases is unsuitable for the manufacture of bulk products, which is determined by its uneven curing in the thickness of the product.
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Epoxy grout. >%
Why epoxy grout in the bathroom?
Is it justified to use epoxy grout In bathroom. The question is not idle - the difference in price between epoxy and cement mixture the same color and manufacturer, reaches five times.
Moreover, such a grout is intended for other cases.
There will be the same fivefold excess in quality and properties, and is it so necessary in the shower room? We can discuss this using the example of "LITOCHROM STARLIKE" from Litokol, taking the declared advantages as a basis.
- “103 exclusive colors……”
This phrase can be expressed differently (hereinafter the text is from Litokol) “by adding special additives (sequins, etc.) to the basic range of colors (26 colors), it is possible to get 103 new shades, which …..”. That is, the same base colors as most blends, but with the addition of sparkles.
- “Color constancy. The grout will not fade, is not susceptible to UV radiation.”
There is no intense sunlight in the bathroom. And how much high-quality cement grout fades in the sun is a moot point.
- “When applied with LITOCHROM STARLIKE, it does not give a staining effect on ceramic tiles, mosaic, tile from natural stone.”
- in the same instructions, but a little further, there is a warning about granite, mosaic and natural stone with a porous surface and high absorbency. ”…surfaces are difficult, can be stained and can be difficult to clean. Therefore, it is necessary to test grout the joints and avoid the use of contrasting colors.”
- “Seam resistance to tea, coffee, wine and other stains. This property is indeed inherent in epoxy mixtures. Due to almost zero moisture penetration. In cement grouts with a weak water-repellent effect, the color of wine or coffee (if not immediately removed from the surface) penetrates to a depth. Delete them later detergents difficult. But such stains are relevant, rather for mosaic countertops in the kitchen than in the bathroom. Although, in the shower, hair dye can leave such traces.
- “Fungus does not form on the seams” - Fungus does not form on all surfaces - this is true. But if there is no mold at the seams, but it appears on the plasterboard ceiling, it will not become easier for you. It is necessary to remove the conditions for the formation of fungus - low temperature and high humidity. And then it will be nowhere.
- “…does not shrink when cured”
There is shrinkage in the epoxy mixture, but less. Have cement tolerance< 2 мм, а для эпоксидных <1/5мм/м2. Этот показатель важен для плитки и мозаики без фасок. Где неправильная технология заполнения приводит к визуально глубоким швам.
- “Grout resistance to deformation.”
“Complete absence of cracks or shells on worn seams.”
“Excellent resistance of worn seams to sudden temperature changes, from -20°C to +100°C. *” - This is the same property, but in different versions of the presentation. Plasticity is the main advantage of epoxy grout. The bending strength of epoxy grout is ≥ 30 N/mm², which is 10 times that of cementitious grouts.
But in the shower there is no temperature difference from -20 to +100 C. Resistance to deformation is necessary for grouting on warm floors, in lining stoves and fireplaces. Such moments can arise, even on foundations subjected to deformation loads - structures made of drywall, chipboard, DSP, OSB. Sharp fluctuations in temperature are also possible in winter on a plinth tiled over foam plastic.
There are no critical deformations in bathrooms that require grout with special properties.
- “Abrasion resistance and exceptional mechanical strength of the seams.”
For epoxy mixtures, the abrasion resistance is ≤ 250 mm3, which is approximately 10 times higher than that for cement grouts.
But, in a san knot, increased seam strength is not needed. There is no intensive movement of people and mechanisms. This quality is needed at airports, shopping malls, railway and metro stations.
- “Completely waterproof - the seams do not absorb or let water through.”
Watertightness is essential in the cladding of the shower enclosure and the area around the bathtub. But for this, waterproofing is used. It is better suited for such purposes.
The watertightness of the joint is more important on terraces, balconies, porches, to prevent the base from getting wet and further destruction when freezing.
- “Excellent chemical resistance of joints to acids, alkalis and aggressive substances” - Showers are not subjected to constant treatment with such substances. This most likely occurs in chemical laboratories, in car services, in food processing shops, in garages and battery stores, in car washes.
Advantages of epoxy grouts.
The advantages of a two-component mixture are not in doubt. The question is where to use these advantages.
In addition to these advantages, manufacturers rarely highlight such a property as the ability to glue tiles on epoxy grout. For tiles, this is not necessary. But in mosaic cladding, it allows you to simultaneously perform laying and grouting. Due to the thinness of the material, the white adhesive protrudes from the seams and becomes a problem when tiling. Especially when using a transparent mosaic and a dark color grout.
Epoxy grout is indispensable in rooms with an aggressive environment, where the joints are destroyed, as is the case with the pool. A fivefold increase in the cost of the joint mixture in such cases is justified:
Another two-component mixture can be used when filling the outer corners. As an alternative to cutting at 45 degrees.
Most manufacturers of building mixtures also produce epoxy grouts. Of those known in the post-Soviet space, Mapei has a Kerapoxy mixture, Litokol has STARLIKE, Ceresite has Ceresit CE48, and Sopro has Sopro Topas. There is a significant difference in price. In terms of quality, each mixture is similar to the rest of the company's products. Quality is formed in laboratories, depends on the culture of production and the availability of funds for new developments.
Epoxy grout technology.
Epoxy grout is also called a two-component grout. In a plastic bucket there are two compositions in a separate package.
The filling process begins with the preparation of the mixture, by mixing the paste and the liquid.
The first inconvenience lies in the preparation - the mixed composition hardens after 40 - 90 minutes (different manufacturers have different use times). It starts to thicken even earlier and it becomes more difficult to work. Therefore, it is dangerous to completely mix the contents of the bucket. You have to divide the paste and the catalyst in half, and in the absence of experience, even smaller doses. Some manufacturers of "epoxy" have dosing risks on containers that you can navigate. But, basically, it is assumed that one batch (2 kg) will be done at once.
Further, the technology for filling joints is no different from working with cement-based grouts. And the same tools are needed. The only thing is that some of them (cellulose-coated grater and foam sponges) become disposable.
The only thing that the instructions pay attention to is the state of the seam before filling. It must be dry, free from traces of cement and dust. It is also desirable that the seam be 2/3 empty.
Today it has become very fashionable to make self-leveling floors at home. If they have a 3d effect, then the total structural depth always does not go beyond the 5 mm layer. The latest polymeric materials with a layer of 3 mm perfectly protect the coating and are highly resistant. The full consumption of the self-leveling floor per 1m2, if you use a well-made screed, will not have large values.
Some Features
When determining the flow rate of the future self-leveling floor, several important factors must be taken into account. Firstly, the area of the room where the self-leveling floor will be poured. Secondly, the mass of the volume of the polymer used. According to the technology of building a self-levelling coating, engineers advise using 1 liter of compound with a layer of 1 mm per 1 m² of surface. To date, polymer components are known that make it possible to create particularly thin floors, and having the highest strength. When a transparent, latest 3D coating is made, the material consumption is similar to the consumption of a self-leveling floor, which is required for 1 m² of the final layer. This must be taken into account in such an arrangement.
If we talk about the lowest consumption of self-leveling floors, which is performed by the "filling" method, it can only be determined by the fluidity of the material. In most cases, it is equal to 2 kg per 1 m². If the consumption of the bulk floor itself is less, the fluid properties of the material are lost, it does not spread well, a good, even surface cannot be achieved. Material consumption can always be increased, there are no restrictions. However, at the same time, there are no special increases in technological characteristics, but the cost of the self-leveling floor becomes much higher.
The consumption of the polymer composition largely depends on the thickness of the coating. It is determined depending on the technical requirements, future operating conditions. If the thickness of the self-leveling floor layer is one mm, then the consumption is 500 per 1 m². When making a calculation, it is very important to keep in mind that the layer can only be applied using special tools.
To mix the mixture, use a drill with special nozzles. A mortar mixing pump is often used, which is most suitable for large buildings.
It is quite easy to calculate the flow rate of self-leveling floors that do not use filler. 1 m², 1 mm thick, requires 1 liter of applied self-leveling floor. The area must be multiplied by the density, which is approximately 1.3 kg / l. After calculation, a consumption of 1.3 kg is obtained, with a thickness of 2 mm, the consumption will be 2.6 kg. These products are produced by different manufacturers, so the density is different. This must be kept in mind when calculating.
Self-leveling floors with an epoxy additive have a density of 1.5 kg per 1 liter. Self-leveling floors with a polyurethane additive are produced with a density of 1.35 kg per 1 liter. To reduce the cost of self-leveling floors, some manufacturers add heavy fillers such as barite. At the same time, the density of such a self-leveling floor increases to 1.75 kg per 1 liter. Basically, the cost of 1 kg of self-leveling floor is quite small. But taking into account the additive, the consumption of the self-leveling floor used will increase, 1.7 kg of this material will be needed.
If the underlying floors have sand additives, then the consumption of the self-leveling floor used is almost halved. At the same time, its appearance remains the same, there is no deterioration in mechanical characteristics. The cost of such a self-leveling floor becomes much less.
What are screed floors?
Depending on the ingredients that determine the main performance properties of a variety of self-leveling floors, they are divided into several types.
- polyurethane blends. They have excellent mechanical strength, they are distinguished by excellent elasticity, they are resistant to abrasion. Due to their unique properties, these floors are used in buildings where there is a lot of vibration.
- Self-levelling epoxy floors. This type of self-leveling floor has excellent moisture resistance, the floors are inert to chemical attack. Such coatings, which are based on epoxy resins, are used in buildings with high hygienic requirements, as well as where high humidity is observed.
- Methyl methacrylate floors. Such compositions are used very rarely, as they have a very laborious coating technology. Their main advantage is the possibility of operation at a wide temperature range, ranging from -70 to +150 ° C.
All types of known self-leveling floors have the same property of the binder material used. Therefore, its structure never forms cracks during polymerization, when hardening occurs. Made in accordance with the latest technologies, the composition of self-leveling floors makes it possible to create a very thin, absolutely transparent layer, which becomes a reliable protection for the three-dimensional picture painted on the floor.
Known methods for manufacturing a particularly thin self-leveling floor
Today it has become much easier to make self-leveling floors related to the volumetric type. 3d film was on sale. You just need to punctually follow the recommendations that the manufacturer wrote in the attached instructions. The latest trendy coating is sure to look beautiful and attractive. Most often, the production of 3d floors is done in 5 steps. In this case, the sequence of the technological process must be observed.
First, the surface is polished.
After its completion, the floor is primed and the 3d film is installed. In the next operation, the main transparent layer is applied. Finishes the lamination of the surface.
Why do these operations need to be performed, what is their purpose? The sanding process is necessary to obtain a completely flat surface. Only on a smooth surface can a decorative layer with a three-dimensional pattern be laid. This operation is best done with an eccentric sander. When the surface grinding is completed, a thorough cleaning of the floor is carried out. After the leveling operation, the coating is primed, which creates powerful adhesive properties, the primer penetrates into the existing micropores of the base. Professionals advise such an operation to be carried out sequentially in two steps, giving time to dry the previous layer.
