How to insulate a concrete floor in a private house: choosing insulation, installation methods and insulating a concrete floor with your own hands. Floor insulation for concrete under screed: how and with what to insulate How to make a concrete floor warm

Thermal insulation of the floor is one of the mandatory stages of home improvement. Without properly executed thermal insulation, comfortable living in the premises is out of the question. Therefore, it is very important to responsibly and competently approach both the process of choosing a material for insulating a concrete floor, and directly to the installation of thermal insulation.

At the stage of choosing a material for floor insulation, it is necessary to pay attention to some important characteristics.

1. Density. The weight of thermal insulation directly depends on it. The less dense insulation, the more pores there are in its composition and the greater the amount of heat will be retained inside the room.
2. Strength. It is better that the strength of the material is as high as possible.
3. Thermal conductivity. This coefficient reflects the ability of thermal insulation to transmit heat. It is better for this indicator to be as low as possible.
4. Moisture resistance. The higher it is, the better.
5. Moisture permeability. This figure should be minimal. Otherwise, the insulation will very quickly become saturated with moisture, against which it thermal insulation characteristics will deteriorate noticeably.
6. Durability. At this point, everything is very clear: the greater the durability, the longer the selected material will last.
7. Environmental friendliness. Those who plan to build an environmentally friendly building using natural and completely safe materials should pay attention to this parameter.

Popular insulation materials for concrete floors

The following is simple table, in which you can consider the main characteristics of existing insulation materials. Be sure to take them into account when choosing a material in order to choose the insulation that is best suited specifically for your concrete floor.

There are several main methods of thermal insulation of a concrete floor. Each of these methods can be used at a strictly defined stage of floor installation.

So, when creating a floor "with clean slate» thermal insulation material is placed under the screed. If the floor in your home is already finished, you can turn your attention to a system called “warm floor”. It makes it possible to provide high-quality heating of the surface over its entire area. An excellent solution is to replace the crushed stone in the mixture with perlite or expanded clay with similar properties. But this option, like the first, is relevant only when arranging a floor structure from scratch.

A very popular thermal insulation option is construction of the so-called "raised floor". This technique is based on a device wooden joists, the free space between which is filled with a heat insulator.

For additional insulation of the floor, you can use a special “warm” covering, for example, carpet. However, this method should not be considered as an independent, full-fledged thermal insulation.

Each method given above is applied depending on the conditions of a particular situation. They are often combined with each other to achieve maximum effect.

Proper thermal insulation consists of several layers. In cross-section, such a design will look like a kind of pie. Regardless of which method of thermal insulation will be used, work must begin with certain stages.

1. If repairs and thermal insulation of a concrete floor are being carried out in an already erected building, the old screed must be completely dismantled, then the sand and gravel cushion must be refilled and compacted thoroughly.
2. Fill the resulting cushion with a layer of “lean” concrete, which will act as a base for heat and moisture insulation.
3. Wait until the concrete base gains strength and hardness and lay it on it waterproofing material.

Waterproofing should be as reliable as possible. Even the slightest mistakes can lead to serious consequences.

Try to do everything with maximum compliance with the instructions. Any mistakes can lead to moisture penetrating into the thermal insulation, and this will have an extremely negative impact on its performance properties. After some time, the moisture will reach the finishing screed, which will lead to an increase in air humidity in the room. The floors will always be cold, and the screed itself will soon collapse. To avoid all these negative consequences, The waterproofing material must be laid in an overlapping manner and all joints must be taped.

After completing the installation of the waterproofing material, you can safely begin laying the insulation. Plates and mats are fixed using special glue. The materials themselves should be placed in space. This approach allows you to reduce the risk of cold bridges and achieve higher strength of the insulation layer. Along the perimeter of the thermal insulation, as well as between the edges of the material and the wall surface, you need to place a damper tape.

It is important to know that a heat insulator such as polyurethane foam can be laid in the form of slabs, and also applied by spraying. The second option allows you to obtain a seamless thermal insulation layer with better characteristics. Polyurethane foam requires mandatory installation of hydro- and vapor barriers.

After the main thermal insulation material has been completely laid, you need to fix another layer of moisture insulation on top of it, place a reinforcing mesh on it for greater structural strength, and then pour a rough screed from concrete mortar. at this stage work can be done additional insulation concrete floor, replacing crushed stone with perlite or expanded clay.

If you decide to do this, remember that perlite and expanded clay have specific operational properties, in view of which such insulation materials are recommended for use in “semi-dry” concrete screed. It is better that the mixture contains filler from as many different fractions as possible. This will allow you to achieve the most dense filling of the solution and will significantly increase the strength of the screed.

The screed must dry completely and gain the required strength. Only after this will it be possible to begin installing the finishing coating. At this stage, it is also possible to increase the thermal insulation properties of the floor. You just need to lay a special insulating substrate and select materials that are characterized by normal thermal conductivity. The substrate in this case is foamed polyethylene or cork material.

Consider the fact that a particular species flooring Can only be combined with a certain type of lining material.

For example, foamed polyethylene cannot be combined with linoleum, in such a situation would be better suited cork. So before purchasing a reinforcement liner, be sure to check with your sales consultant to see if it is compatible with the finish you have chosen.

To achieve maximum thermal insulation performance and create the most comfortable conditions residence, it is recommended to install electrical or water system heating

The water system is more complex to arrange. It requires not only the installation of pipes under the screed, but also the installation of special equipment designed to heat and provide forced circulation water.

The heating system is installed directly on top thermal insulation material. It is important that the insulation has a foil coating, due to which more heat will be reflected into the room. If there is no foil barrier, it is recommended to lay it manually.

The system is installed according to the instructions provided by the manufacturer. After checking its performance, you can lay a reinforcing mesh to strengthen the structure and begin arranging the screed. When using a “warm floor” system, the solution can be prepared without crushed stone, expanded clay and other fillers.

A similar insulation option can be used on the upper floors of a house consisting of several floors. In such conditions, you need to monitor the thickness of the thermal insulation layer. With every centimeter of height taken away from the room, the conditions in it will become less and less comfortable.

Insulation of a concrete floor using a raised floor system. Procedure

1. At first the floor surface is thoroughly cleaned of any dirt, and then, if necessary, it is leveled.
2. By room area logs are installed. Suitable for them wooden beam 5x10 cm. The logs should be mounted at a distance of 0.5 - 0.6 m from each other and about 0.1 - 0.15 m from the walls.
3. Stacked on top waterproofing material. A simple plastic film will do. Pieces of material must be overlapped, not forgetting to seal the joints with tape.
4. Inside thermal insulation is arranged. Mineral wool, polystyrene foam, perlite and almost any of the previously discussed insulation materials are perfect.
5. Chipboard or moisture-resistant plywood is placed on the logs, after which is being built up finishing coat.

Consider the fact that due to a raised floor, the height of the room can be significantly reduced. Therefore, before using this method, consider its feasibility several times.

Thus, in self-insulation There is nothing particularly complicated about concrete floors. You just need to select suitable thermal insulation materials and determine the optimal method of their installation. Stick to technology, remember the main rules and nuances, and the thermal insulation you create will reliably prevent heat loss. Good luck with your work!

Concrete floors are the most practical option for a private home, due to its strength, durability and low manufacturing costs. But concrete is a cold material, and without high-quality thermal insulation in the winter it is not very comfortable in the house. In addition to high heat loss, condensation that forms due to big difference temperatures from the inside and outside of the concrete base. There are several ways to insulate a concrete floor in a private house, and even a novice master can do all of them.

Concrete floors can be insulated in three different ways:

• simplest - lay the insulation on the concrete surface in a continuous layer. To do this, the base is cleaned of dust, unevenness is eliminated, and, if necessary, filled with leveling mixtures. The insulation can be attached with glue, dowels, or a combined method, after which the finishing coating is installed. Individual insulation materials themselves act as finished floor coverings, which reduces installation time and saves a little money;
• frame method - logs are first installed on a concrete base, then the space between them is filled with insulation, and a finished floor is laid. The method is more labor-intensive, but allows the use of materials with a lower density that cannot withstand high loads;
• laying insulation under the screed - install a layer of thermal insulation on the concrete floor and pour cement-sand mortar on top, resulting in the formation of a monolithic solid foundation. The method is the most labor-intensive and time-consuming, but this base is perfect for any floor covering - from linoleum to tiles. Besides, this option used in the installation of electric and water heated floors, which ensures uniform heat transfer over the entire area of ​​the room.

When choosing, the determining criterion is the type of flooring and the method of its installation. For example, soft and roll materials, since they are not designed for high loads. The same applies to insulation materials laid directly under the finishing coating: they must have good density and rigidity so as not to be pressed through during operation. It is also worth considering that logs and insulated screed take up to 15 cm in height, so for rooms with low ceilings The first installation method is preferable.

Selection of insulation materials for concrete

The insulation market now provides wide choose materials of both domestic and foreign production. For thermal insulation of concrete floors, particle boards, fiber materials, and foam polymer boards are most often used. Sprayed insulation, which is applied using special equipment, is also gaining popularity. Among the inexpensive options for a private home, it is worth noting expanded clay - a natural, environmentally friendly material with excellent heat-insulating properties.

The key characteristics of insulation are:

• density– the higher this indicator, the greater the amount of heat will be retained;
• strength– determined by bending and compression. The higher the expected loads, the stronger the insulation should be;
• thermal conductivity– the efficiency of heat conservation in the room depends on this indicator. Preference should be given to materials with the lowest thermal conductivity coefficient;
• moisture permeability– the higher the indicator, the faster the thermal insulation properties of the material deteriorate. Insulation saturated with water is not able to retain heat, so it will have to be replaced;
• durability– in order to save money, it is worth choosing a material with for the longest period operation, because frequent replacement of insulation and accompanying repairs are expensive;
• environmental friendliness– in residential premises it is necessary to use only environmentally friendly insulation, since the floor covering is not a good protection against toxic fumes.

The weight of the material does not play a big role, because, unlike a city apartment, there is no need to worry about increased loads on the floors between floors.

So, let's look at popular insulation materials, their properties, pros and cons.

There is another type of insulation that appeared not so long ago and has not yet gained widespread popularity. This liquid thermal insulation– a new generation material with unique properties. It looks like thick white paint, and is applied in the same way, forming an elastic, durable coating. A 1 mm layer can replace 50 mm thick rolled thermal insulation; moreover, such a coating is impervious to moisture, chemical attack, does not burn and does not emit toxic substances. This paint is used not only for insulating concrete floors, but also for walls, slopes, pipelines, facades, and various containers. The coating lasts for about 15 years if applied correctly.

Liquid thermal insulation coating "Astratek"

We insulate a concrete floor with our own hands

Before insulation, the concrete surface must be inspected and all defects eliminated. This applies to potholes, cracks, and crumbled areas. Small differences in height are leveled with leveling mixtures. This preparation is a mandatory step and ensures the reliability and durability of the floor. Now let’s look separately at the most popular methods of insulating a concrete floor in a private house.

Insulation with polystyrene foam

To work you should prepare:

• Eps boards;
• waterproofing film;
• damper tape;
• vapor barrier membrane;
• construction tape;
• gypsum fiber sheets;
• GVL glue;
• tools and fasteners.

The surface of the concrete floor must be clean, absolutely dry and not have differences in height of more than 5 mm.

Step 1. The floor is covered with a waterproofing film, the sheets of which are overlapped by 10-15 cm, and the joints are secured with tape. To increase sound insulation, you can lay a second layer of geotextile fabric with a density of 300 g/m2.

Advice. Waterproofing is mandatory for bathrooms, kitchens and other areas with high humidity, in other rooms the insulation can be laid directly on the concrete base.

Step 2. A damper tape is laid around the perimeter of the room so that its bend falls exactly at the junction between the wall and the floor.

Step 3. The first row of polystyrene foam is laid. The slabs fit tightly together using grooves and ridges on the side edges. The last slab in the row is trimmed if necessary.

Step 4. The insulation must be laid with offset seams, staggered, so the second row begins with a cut slab. Everything else is exactly the same: EPPS is laid joint-to-joint, leveled, making sure that all the slabs are located in the same plane.

Step 5. A vapor barrier membrane is laid on top of the polystyrene foam. Its canvases are also overlapped, the edges are placed on the wall to a height of 10 cm, all joints are sealed with tape.

Step 6. A prefabricated screed is installed. Gypsum sheets are laid on the floor joint to joint in a checkerboard pattern. Next, glue is applied along the seams between the rows in continuous wavy strips and a second layer of gypsum fiber board is laid so that the seams are completely covered by the sheets.

Step 7 When the glue hardens, both layers are mechanically fixed to each other. Self-tapping screws are screwed into each sheet in the corners and in the center, slightly recessing the fastener heads into the material.

After this, you can lay any finishing coating and even install a warm floor under the tiles. Heating elements can be located both in the screed layer and in the tile adhesive layer.

Insulation with mineral wool on joists

To work you will need:

• mineral wool in slabs or rolls;
• waterproofing film;
• wooden beam for logs;
• plywood or chipboard for flooring with a thickness of 18 mm;
• dowels and screws;
• tape measure, level and mounting knife;
• drill and hammer drill.

Step 1. Concrete base covered with a layer of waterproofing film. Adjacent canvases should be overlapped by 15-200 cm, the joints taped.

Step 2. Logs with a cross-section of at least 110x60 mm are installed on top of the film. The distance between the logs depends on the thickness of the floor covering; in this case, it is recommended to take a step of about 300 cm. The timber is placed on the edge, be sure to control the plane level, and also make sure that the logs are positioned strictly parallel to each other.

Step 3. Screw the logs to the base. To do this, drill them through and go deep into the base by 50-60 mm. Next, insert the dowels and screw in the screws. The fastening pitch is 40-50 cm.

Advice. To fix the joists to the floor experienced craftsmen It is recommended to use screws whose threads do not reach the head. Such fasteners allow you to tighten the beam more tightly to the base.

Step 4. Install insulation. A roll of mineral wool is rolled out over the joists, after which the insulation is cut into strips so that each of them tightly fills the space between the beams. If used slab insulation, the slabs are alternately inserted between the lags, spaced apart, and, if necessary, cut to width. The joists should protrude above the insulation by approximately 20 mm.

Step 5. The next stage is laying the subfloor. The plywood is cut out and the sheets are laid end to end in a continuous layer. You can use tongue and groove slabs with protective moisture-resistant coating. The material is laid with its long side perpendicular to the joists and attached to the frame with self-tapping screws at 20 cm intervals. The rows of slabs are laid with offset seams, and the joining of the seams in the row is carried out along the longitudinal axis of the joists.

Before laying the slabs, the adhesive is applied to the ends with a brush, which ensures a high degree of moisture resistance.

To provide greater protection to the insulation from moisture, before installing the flooring, it is recommended to lay a vapor barrier membrane with an overlap of strips of at least 10 cm. You can also glue the joints of the slabs during installation, ensuring complete tightness of the subfloor. After this, all that remains is to lay the finishing coating and secure the baseboards.

Prices for Rockwool mineral wool

rockwool mineral wool

Prepare everything you need in advance:

• polystyrene foam boards;
• reinforcing mesh;
• profile for beacons;
• rule;
• glue;
• damper tape;
• cement and sand for mortar.

Step 1. The concrete floor is thoroughly cleaned of dust and debris. Damper tape is glued around the perimeter of the room.

Step 2. Take the first insulation board, apply glue with a spatula in the center and in the corners, lay it on the floor and press it with your hands over the entire surface. The next plate is fastened end-to-end with the first, pressing tightly along the seam. In the same way, lay the whole thing to the end, if necessary, trimming the outer slab.

Step 3. The first slab of the second row is cut to create an offset joint installation. Further installation is carried out in the manner described above. If a second layer of insulation is required, the top slabs are placed so that they completely overlap the seams in the bottom layer.

Step 4. A reinforcing mesh of metal rods is laid on top of the insulation. There should be a distance of 20-30 mm between the edges of the mesh and the walls.

Advice. Before laying the mesh, it is recommended to cover the insulation with thick polyethylene film, gluing the joints of the strips with tape. This is necessary not to protect the insulation from moisture (expanded polystyrene is a moisture-resistant material), but to avoid the solution from seeping into the joints between the plates and the formation of air voids in the screed.

Step 5. Profile beacons are laid on the reinforcing mesh and fixed with a small amount of solution. Here it is very important to set the beacons at the level, because the evenness of the floor depends on this. All beacons must be strictly horizontal and in the same plane.

Step 6. Mix the solution and pour it between the beacons. Next, using the rule, the mixture is stretched along the beacons and leveled. If grooves form, more mortar must be added. The thickness of the screed is made within 4-6 cm.

After leveling the surface, the screed is left to dry. When the solution has set well, you should carefully remove the beacons and seal the grooves with fresh cement mixture.

While the floor is drying, it must be protected from direct sunlight and drafts, and periodically moistened for the first 10 days to prevent the screed from cracking.

There are several ways to insulate a house. You can use one of them: lay insulation under concrete screed. It is possible to carry out all the work on floor insulation and you just need to have some simple skills and thoroughly study all the available information on this issue.

Preparing the base for thermal insulation

Before insulating the floor under the screed, the following preparatory work should be carried out:

• Gaps between walls and floors should be insulated. To do this, you can use a special sealant or prepare cement mortar. Both methods are good. They differ from each other only in how much time it takes to complete the sealing: the sealant is a ready-made composition, but the solution will still need to be prepared.
• The surface must be cleaned of existing construction debris and dust in order to protect the insulation from damage. If it is damaged, the thermal insulation of the room will be compromised.
• If pockets of fungus or mold appear, they should be removed. In the case where the floor is wooden, it is necessary to remove all rotten or damp boards and joists and put new ones in their place. Of course, mold is not dangerous for thermal insulation material, but inhaling the air in a room where it is present is very harmful, and over time the air will become more and more dangerous (read also: " "). All new wood material should be coated with antiseptic and fireproofing agents.

Insulation characteristics

In order for the thermal insulation to be good, the insulation under the floor screed must have certain qualities:

• The insulation must have high moisture resistance and not be exposed to various microorganisms.
• The thermal conductivity coefficient should be as low as possible. However, other indicators, on the contrary, should be as high as possible. And this should not be confused.
• The insulation must be durable and resistant to mechanical stress; these qualities are very important for rooms with high traffic. Huge loads can be applied to the foundation.
• When choosing how to insulate the floor under the screed, you need to consider what it will be made of.

Correctly selected thermal insulation material for the floor under the screed is a guarantee of a cozy and comfortable room. In this case, the cost of the material should not be the main selection criterion.

Types of insulation

Now let's look at the most popular thermal insulation materials, which are most in demand in the domestic market.

Such insulation materials include:

• expanded polystyrene;
• mineral wool;
• Styrofoam.

Expanded polystyrene has a number of positive qualities:

1. This insulation is very lightweight and easy to install; you can easily install it yourself without any help. Light weight allows it to be transported passenger car, and also raise to high floors. Also with his small sizes expanded polystyrene can also be transported in an elevator. Read also: "".
2. It has significant strength and long service life. After a long period of time, the material will not collapse or crumble. It is quite often used in industrial premises, that is, where large and heavy machines are located.
3. To seal joints, it is not necessary to use a special sealant. They can simply be insulated with tape.
4. If we compare polystyrene foam with other insulation materials of the same price category, then its degree of sound and heat insulation is higher.

Mineral wool is also used as thermal insulation under the screed, which has the following features:

1. The cost of this material is low, so it is quite popular. It can be classified as publicly available materials.
2. It does an excellent job of protecting the room from heat loss and cold penetration.
3. Mineral wool has low noise insulation, but is quite suitable for use in a country house.
4. Installation is as easy as polystyrene foam, the only difference being that you need to work not with sheets, but with rolls.

Whatever the type of cotton wool, it is necessary to follow the rules of personal protection when working with it: you should wear protective gloves and a mask. This is necessary because the insulation pile contains microscopic dust particles that can be harmful to health if inhaled in large quantities.

The most affordable and practical way to insulate a floor is to use conventional polystyrene foam.

This is all thanks to the advantages it has:

• the material is very light;
• easy to handle and install;
• safe for humans;
• reliable and has a long service life, it can withstand various loads that affect the floor in residential and administrative premises.

However, such insulation for concrete floors under screeds, when ignited, emits toxic smoke, which can cause serious harm to human health. Therefore it is necessary to take care of fire safety the room in which it is installed.

Installation features

If you plan to make a screed from cement-sand mortar, then it is necessary to lay a waterproofing material on top of the insulation. This is done to protect the material from exposure to moisture from the solution. The waterproofing must be laid overlapping, the joints must be secured with tape.

If a “floating floor” is being made, then even before screeding, it is recommended to lay strips of wooden slabs, which in height should be equal to the thickness of the future screed.

A small gap of approximately 1-3 mm should be left between the screed and the wall. This will help avoid the formation of “sound bridges”.

Conclusion

After studying all the information about thermal insulation materials for screed, you can choose the most suitable one for yourself. You should also remember about consistency and compliance with the rules when performing floor insulation, otherwise you may get a completely different result than you would like.

Concrete pavement, especially cold in winter time years, so it must be insulated. You cannot do without a warm surface if there are small children in the family. It is advisable to carry out insulation of a concrete floor in a private house at the construction stage, then it will save heat and improve the microclimate in the rooms. Also, an insulated coating will allow you to save on heating and additional heating devices.

Types of insulation

To insulate a concrete floor in a private house, materials with heat-insulating properties are used. Today there are three methods of insulation:

• spraying polymer insulation (penoizol, polyurethane foam);
• fibrous materials (glass wool, mineral wool);
• foamed molded insulation (polystyrene, polystyrene foam).

These materials have the same effect, but differ in installation technology.

Fibrous

When used, soundproofing and thermal insulation of rooms is ensured. The material is resistant to combustion, but does not like moisture. When in contact with liquid, it decreases in size and increases the heat transfer process. Fibrous insulation materials are not recommended for use in rooms with high moisture where there are leaks.

Technology

Installation concrete surface home consists of the following stages:

• The concrete base is prepared: irregularities and cracks are covered, stains are removed. The floors are covered with film on top, and the joints are glued with tape.
• Next, logs are installed, the thickness of which is equal to the thickness of the insulating layer.
• A membrane film with waterproofing properties is laid on top of insulated floors, which is capable of removing steam from the insulating layer and preventing water from leaking out.
• Next they lay plywood sheets one centimeter thick and fasten the insulation with self-tapping screws. On top, linoleum or other finishing coating.

Foam molded materials

Insulation of private houses is possible with polystyrene foam or polystyrene. These insulating layers are resistant to moisture and, thanks to this property, are used in insulating a bathroom, kitchen or other room with high humidity.

Technology

When insulating a concrete floor, it is important to ensure a clean surface, so before starting work, remove dust and debris from the coating. Cover possible cracks and remove bulges on the surface. To give the concrete floor an even coating, the floor is covered with a thin layer of sand. After preparing the surface, insulation boards are installed, installing elements in special grooves. This design of the slabs facilitates the laying of the product and prevents the formation of gaps.

The slabs are laid around the perimeter work surface. On concrete floors lay plastic film, which is attached on top of the insulation. The use of film prevents leakage of concrete mortar and the formation of voids and cracks. Next, install the reinforcement and begin pouring concrete. After laying the solution, the poured surface is leveled and left to dry, ensuring the necessary conditions. The finishing coating is laid on the hardened concrete screed.

Polymer insulation

Use insulated polymer material in rooms with high humidity. Polymer material is a protective layer that is resistant to rotting and fungi. The disadvantages of polymer insulation include: fire hazard and toxicity in products manufactured without complying with sanitary standards.

Technology

Work on insulating concrete floors with polymer materials is impossible without professionals. The insulating layer is applied in the form of foam, which then increases in size, which eliminates the need for seams during thermal insulation. Polymer insulation is applied using a designated device in which carbon dioxide and polymer liquid combine under pressure.

Before applying the insulating polymer layer, clean the surface from dust and debris, which can reduce adhesion to the material. Next, the logs are attached and secured with self-tapping screws. Moisten the surface, which will increase adhesion, and begin spraying the insulating composition.

Polymers are applied using special installations. The foam is sprayed between the joists, where it increases in size after application. Wait for the foam to harden, which occurs within 24 hours, and begin installing the joists and laying the finishing coating.

It is important to remember that polyurethane foam is susceptible to direct sunlight, so if necessary, leave it for several days in the open sun, cover the material with film.

Other

There are other insulating materials, such as:

• Styrofoam. It has low cost, thermal insulation and resistance to moisture penetration. The use of this insulation is popular in the world of construction, however, when using it, do not forget that foam plastic has a fragile structure.
• Mineral wool. This insulation material capable of excellent heat retention and sound insulation in rooms. The advantages of mineral wool include its fire resistance, chemical resistance to aggressive substances and fungi, as well as vapor permeability, durability and ease of installation. Mineral wool is an environmentally friendly product that does not harm human health. Disadvantages include high moisture absorption and lack of rigidity.
• Extruded polystyrene foam. It has high thermal insulation and moisture resistance. Expanded polystyrene is an improved polystyrene foam, the cost of which is higher, but also greater strength, which allows you to work with this material without any problems and with your own hands.
• Foam glass. The service life of this material reaches one hundred years; it is resistant to corrosion and temperature changes. It is not susceptible to deformation under mechanical stress and is not susceptible to mold, mildew and microorganisms. Foam glass is highly durable and does not require additional fastening during installation. The material is resistant to fire and moisture and has sound insulation. The disadvantages of foam glass include: high cost, fragility, inability to pass steam and heavy weight of the blocks.
• Polyurethane foam. Has high adhesion with various building materials, is manufactured on site, which significantly reduces transportation costs and is responsive to changes temperature regime. The material is lightweight and monolithic, which reduces the formation of joints and seams. However, the use of polyurethane foam is impossible without protection, as it can wear out under the influence of ultraviolet radiation. The protective layer is paint, plaster or panels.
• Expanded clay. It has low thermal conductivity and is used in concrete mortar instead of gravel. Due to its high porosity, it requires insulation from moisture penetration. The advantages of insulated expanded clay include: low cost, ease of installation, which allows you to install it yourself, provides high sound insulation and resistance to sudden temperature changes. The material is highly environmentally friendly, does not emit harmful toxins and is safe for human health. The disadvantages include: the fragility of expanded clay, increased accuracy of installation and the greater thickness of the thermal insulation layer.