It is impossible to do without jib light cranes with a lifting capacity of 1 ton when carrying out various electrical, installation and construction works. Thanks to their design, it is possible to mount devices in various openings of a building or on ceilings, as well as move them for convenient use. They are easy to assemble and install, and if necessary, they can be quickly disassembled into components and moved to a suitable location.
The use of such structures is rational in the absence of the possibility of operating other types of GPM. There are many types of cranes with different designs. They are divided into stationary and mobile. The boom devices are equipped with one electric drive mechanism for moving the load. The operation of the crane is carried out by manual control.
construction mini crane
You can independently create a variety of tools and devices that are so necessary in construction and other types of work. Despite the fact that a do-it-yourself mini-crane is characterized by a limited carrying weight of the load (no more than 250 kg), this design will simplify most of the construction work.
The main task is the selection of all the tools and parts necessary for the creation and subsequent operation. The weight of the prefabricated device can reach up to 300 kg depending on the materials used. At the same time, it has compact dimensions and the ability to move without preliminary analysis using a car.
do-it-yourself: assembly
With the help of a gearbox on a worm base, a cargo winch is formed. He can also create manual drive, which simplifies the assembly of the boom winch. The basis for the screw extensions are building supports. All the elements presented above form the basis of the design. In addition, we need drums for winches. It is worth noting that not everyone can do their own production, since the process is complex and laborious, as well as the need for specialized equipment and experience in carrying out such work.
The way out of the situation is the rotors from the electric motor, which can be used as a basis, and significantly simplify the task. Special attention should be given to the correspondence between the dimensions of the elements used and the future device. To do this, additional measurements are made using a ruler.
Additional elements
The platform is equipped with wheels for ease of movement. Items from the conveyor cart may come in handy. In the course of creating the structure, do not forget about this addition, since it is thanks to him that the simplest crane, assembled with your own hands, moves. To do this, you only need to remove the remote support elements, which does not cause any particular difficulties and is done in a short time. It is important to observe safety precautions, in particular, the boom must be set to zero level to prevent loss of balance and the fall of the crane.
Peculiarities
The optimum boom height is 5 meters. For its manufacture, a pipe with a diameter of about 8 cm is used. A profile of two corners is mounted in the base. You also need to create a swivel mechanism for turning and lifting the boom; for this, a car hub from any truck is suitable. vehicle. No special materials are needed for the counterweight, as standard bricks can be used for them. You can create a crane with your own hands on the basis of caterpillar tracks and a bed. The last element can be taken from an unused machine.
It should be noted that there is no need for a brake for rotary mechanism and winches, since it is not needed during the operation of the crane, and work finished device will be done at low speed.
Design advantages
Suitable for the formation of a remote support structure and a common base. For the latter, according to experts, it will be optimal to use a channel of 200. The length of the thrust screws should be within 50 cm, due to which the crane can be mounted on any surface, including with a large number of irregularities. Thus, there is no need to prepare the site on which the building is being built.
Difficulties sometimes arise with the wheels, since on loose soil they can scroll poorly and burrow into it. Therefore, it is desirable to carry out work on solid ground. After construction is completed, the structure is dismantled into its constituent elements for storage.
What can be done for the garage
At self repair machines, it often becomes necessary to remove the engine, so many car owners are wondering how to make a crane with their own hands. by the most simple option is a lift, the creation of which will require a manual winch, racks on triangular supports with wheels and a transverse pipe.
On the upper part of the racks, fastenings for the pipe are fixed by welding. It is welded to the vertical post and the rollers are mounted on the beam, subsequently they are used to move the cable. In this case, it is not necessary to purchase a winch, since you can make this design yourself.
Such a device will not clutter up the space, it can be disassembled, and separately cross beam and the supports won't take up much space. A crane, created for the garage with his own hands, is capable of lifting and moving a load weighing no more than 800 kg. Its main advantage is the absence of the need to purchase expensive materials.
Lift
As noted earlier, the winch can be made independently. This will require a drum equipped with a cable; it must be fixed on a structure made of pipes with a square section. small star with chain drive is mounted on the electric drive, and a large one - on the edge of the drum. To create a manual winch, a shaft equipped with a drum is complemented by a handle.
To replace and repair most parts in a car, a flyover or pit is required; if they are not available, you can use a lift. Despite the risks involved in working with similar device, its creation is justified economic benefit and practical benefits.
A do-it-yourself bridge crane-trolley assembled with a winch is the simplest option, while the machine is installed on platforms after lifting to the desired height. There is also a scissor design, which is distinguished by the absence of the possibility of a cable break, which the previous version cannot guarantee.
scissor crane
The base and platform of the scissor lift are made of channels. Two-section distributor, pump, bushings, and necessary for scissors.
A do-it-yourself UAZ crane is capable of lifting loads weighing more than 500 kg. It can also be removed upon completion of work. The main purpose of the device is to fix the retractable supports. The basis of the structure is made of a thick-walled square, fixed to the frame with several bolts. Retractable pores hold onto the bumper and lift the rear of the car.
Crane "Pioneer"
The mechanism makes it possible to simplify the implementation of many repair and construction works, as well as to ensure the implementation of actions that cannot be performed without additional lifting devices. The design is suitable for cargo with various volumes and sizes, while it can be installed on the floors of houses under construction, in pits and on the roof.
Among the main components, it is worth noting the rotary and support frames, the control panel. The device does not cause difficulties in the process of use and the application of significant physical effort. Management is within the power of every person, even without relevant experience.
Creation lifting structures engaged in many owners of private houses and summer cottages. Their distribution is due to the fact that each part of the mechanism, regardless of its complexity, can be performed in the desired way and with the necessary functionality. In addition to moving heavy loads, such as monolithic blocks, such cranes allow the delivery of light objects to great heights.
Unfortunately the creation hydraulic devices is usually not possible. But, despite this, the crane (do-it-yourself), the photo of which is presented below, is easy to operate and has sufficient load capacity.
Assembling the Pioneer Crane
Many details can be found, surprisingly, in a landfill. For homemade mechanism the main components are a rectangular pipe and an I-beam. It is important that the latter easily fit in the pipe. To create a telescopic assembly for an I-beam, sliding guides are made. It is worth noting that they must be lubricated with special compounds to reduce the degree of friction.
For the operation of the device, cables with a small diameter are also required. They can be purchased at hardware store. A channel is often used to secure the swivel and support frames. It also ensures a tight mounting of the device on any surface. As a rule, it is the roof of a building under construction. In accordance with safety regulations, the manufacture of a rectangular platform as ballast is required, while it will reduce the likelihood of problems while the crane, assembled by oneself, is in operation. An electric motor connected to the winch is used to start the lifting process.
For repair work on the car engine, a lifting device was needed, a craftsman from Novosibirsk decided to make a home-made crane with his own hands.
As planned, the crane should be collapsible so that it does not take up much space in the garage. Lifting will be carried out by a hydraulic jack.
The photo shows the design of a homemade product.
The base is welded from a 60 mm channel and square pipe 50 mm, trims were additionally used to strengthen the structure.
The channel is welded at an angle at which the vertical column leans back.
Rack a vertical and an arrow from a square pipe of 50 mm.
Legs and reach are made from 40mm square tubing.
Drilled holes for vertical rack, legs, and arrows to take off. I welded the ear under the jack and figured out how the jack would stand on the stub of some metal structure. On the boom 30mm corner reinforcement.
Shoulder - 1/5, approximately 110 cm of boom and 22 cm of stop from the axis of the vertical rack.
In the photo, the lift is 130 cm to 210 cm. The boom can be moved upwards depending on the load capacity. You can also unscrew the screw on the jack from the rod. The jack is designed for 3000 kg, so the weight on the boom is a maximum of 600 kg (arm 3000/5).
During the tests, the vertical console began to bend (between the lower channels and the stop of the lower jack). Motor + box, 250-260 kg. I had to strengthen, weld 5 mm sliced \u200b\u200bplates onto a 50 pipe.
Any of the users of the site will agree with the statement that one of the most necessary during construction is a crane. The steel hero becomes indispensable assistant when there is a need to lift a large load.
The lifting mechanism is usually associated with a huge structure tens of meters high. However, in private housing construction, when compact mechanisms for construction come to the fore, one needs an option with an arrow length not exceeding 5-7 meters.
But renting it is not a cheap pleasure, especially if the construction stretches for more than one month.
In this case, there is only one way out - roll up your sleeves and build a homemade mini-crane with your own hands. And our members of the forum will help you with this!
How to do homemade faucet
Saving on your own health and trying manually to lift an unbearable load, especially if the construction of the house is carried out independently and without the involvement of hired labor, they are not brought to good. We have already told our readers. Now we are making a crane with our own hands to build a house called " mini pioneer.
"Pioneer" is a mobile collapsible structure, with the help of which the load is lifted to a predetermined height. So homemade the crane can be used when digging foundations and construction and installation work on the construction of houses.
The basis of the mechanism is a supporting running frame installed permanently or on a mobile chassis. The rotating part of the crane is mounted on the frame. The boom can be rotated manually or electrically. The design of the crane itself is carried out according to modular principle and can be disassembled into several parts for the convenience of moving the mechanism from one construction site to another.
The stability of the structure is ensured by the counterweight and steel cable braces (turnbuckles), and the load is lifted using a winch and a block.
The experience of our forum member, who decided to independently build a mini Pioneer, is interesting. He needed this construction mechanism for the construction of a private house from a bar.
Voldemort:
- I am almost alone building a house from a six-meter beam. It is impossible to lift and carry it alone. That is why I decided to assemble a mechanism in order to take the timber from the stack, put it in the sawing place and lift it to the plinth.
As the height of the building increases, our forum member plans to put a crane on the floor beams of the house.
The forum member assembled the frame from a corner of 63x63x5 mm. An arrow 5 meters long was made from a pipe with a diameter of 50 mm. To strengthen the structure, two corners 30x30x3 mm were used. Also in the plans voldemora includes a further lengthening of the boom by another 2 meters.
Voldemort:
- The load capacity of the mechanism is approximately 150 kg, but the design can lift more weight, and in order to achieve this, it is necessary to increase the multiplicity of chain hoists.
Translated from Greek, Polyspaston means "stretched with several ropes." Polyspast is called building device to lift a load. It consists of several blocks interconnected by a rope or cable, which goes around the blocks in a circle. The chain hoist allows you to lift the load with less effort than the weight of the load.
The simplest chain hoist allows you to get a three-four-fold gain in strength, you should not forget that friction losses are inevitable in this system. Even in best models blocks they reach 10%. And the more you win in strength, the more the distance that the technique can move the load decreases.
Voldemort:
- It took me a week to make all the components and mechanisms. I spent two more days on assembling and fine-tuning the mechanism. Swing drive and boom lift drive are sixfold manual chain hoist. The lifting drive is also a manual double chain hoist.
Voldemort notes that it would be much more convenient to control the mechanism with electric drives - to lift the load from the remote control on a long cord, as is done in industrial models. But in this case, the complexity of manufacturing all the mechanisms increases significantly, which will lead to an increase in the cost of the structure and an increase in the time to manufacture the crane.
The details of the manufacture of the device are interesting.
Voldemort:
- As turntable I took two faceplates that I found at work. In principle, I assembled the mechanism from what was at hand. Instead of an axle, I welded a 30 mm bolt. I did not take a bolt made of high-strength steel, because such welds are worse, they do not stretch and do not bend, but immediately burst if their tensile strength is exceeded.
All components of the device are lubricated with lithol.
To reduce the weight of the counterweight, the legs are 2 meters long. At self-manufacturing and the calculation of the nodes of such a device, one point should be taken into account. The fact is that with a radius of a rotary faceplate of 200 mm and a distance of 2 meters to a counterweight weighing 100 kg, a tensile load of 1 ton acts on the central bolt. And this is without taking into account the weight of the boom and the load being lifted!
It is also important to check the device for stability.
Voldemort:
- To begin with, let's imagine that our crane is a single beam that rests on one support, and this support should be the smallest distance from the axis of rotation. Three forces act on the beam: the weight of the load, the weight of the counterweight, and the mass of the mechanism. In order not to take into account the mass of the boom, I underestimated the weight of the crane by 50 kg. The calculation is approximate and simple, but better with it than without it at all.
Boom lift drum Voldemort made from a tube with a diameter of 100 mm.
Voldemort:
– There is a nuance here - the drum cannot be placed close to the blocks. It needs to be slightly shifted along the axis towards the first block so that the second layer of the cable is wound evenly.
The forum member made blocks from three washers: two large and one small. All blocks are without bearings. It is important to ensure that the blocks are well wrapped around the rope. That is, either the rope must be flexible, or the pulleys must be large diameter. Otherwise, when the boom is raised without load, the cables may fly out of the blocks.
Voldemort:
- I have a rope with a diameter of 12 mm, but it is very thick - there was simply no other. If I lengthen the boom, I will put a more flexible cable with a diameter of 5 mm, because. its working load is 150 kg, and tearing - 850 kg.
When designing block systems, it is important to understand how the chain hoist works and is calculated. Let's take a mini-pioneer as an example.
Voldemort:
- The principle of operation of a chain hoist is similar to the operation of a gearbox - you gain in strength, but lose in the length of the rope and, consequently, the speed of lifting the load.
In the gearbox main characteristic- This gear ratio, and in the chain hoist - multiplicity, i.e. the ratio of all branches of the cable to those escaping from the drum. If we have 6 pieces of rope, then the chain hoist is six-fold.
This means that the pulling load on the drum will be 6 times less than the weight of the load, and the rope itself, if it is designed for 100 kg, then folded 6 times, will lift 600 kg.
Do-it-yourself mini-cranes
The design turned out to be so successful that many of our users decided to repeat it and even give the crane mobility by putting it on the Gazelle.
Forum member with a nickname plumage offers with the help of a similar mechanism of greater carrying capacity and equipped with electric drives, to put concrete pillars. And in order to be able to transport such an individual crane on the roads common use, make the structure collapsible and partially and completely mount it in the body already at the place of the intended work. This will make it possible to recoup all costs associated with the manufacture of the device in a short time.
On FORUMHOUSE you can learn everything about independent, as well as get acquainted with the mini-pioneer. The portal discusses everything you need to know to make a faucet From a concrete mixer to a pipe bender. Members of the forum topics about making useful household items that will help you build.
Our video will tell you what tools you need to equip a carpentry workshop. See how to make your own A in this tool, which will simplify the work on your site near the country house.
modern houses are built higher and higher, and concrete blocks do not become lighter. And therefore, if you think carefully, you can build a small crane with your own hands. Such a carrying capacity is not great, about two hundred kilograms, although, most likely, it can lift more weight, but it is not advisable to overload it greatly. This design it turns out to be completely collapsible, its components are obtained by weighing approximately 20-30 kilograms, so assembling such a crane alone will not be any particular problem. In addition, a similar design is also easily transported; the body of a Chinese pickup truck was quite suitable for me.
Recall that earlier we already published an article about a home-made baby crane, who are interested in watching.
crane device
The cargo winch of my design is a worm gear with an electric drive of 600 W, while the boom winch is a manual drive, organized on the same gearbox. Outriggers with screw stops are borrowed from building supports. Drums for winches managed to be machined from rotors from electric motors, were chosen to be the right size.
On the basis of the mobile platform, there are four wheels taken from the conveyor, thanks to which the crane can be moved from one place to another without any problems, only if the outriggers of the crane are removed. Such an operation to remove and install outriggers takes about five minutes. Therefore, the crane is quite mobile. But there is not a big drawback, to move the crane it is necessary to lower the boom to zero, otherwise it becomes impossible to move the crane, as its balance is disturbed.
The boom itself has a length of 5 meters, the pipe was picked up by O75 mm, and at the base of the boom itself lies a square-shaped profile made of two corners. There is also a portal for raising the boom, as well as a turning unit made from a hub from a truck. As a counterweight, a bed was taken from a non-functioning machine along with four tracks from a caterpillar mechanism. The brake in the winch is not provided in this case, because it is not necessary. There is also no brake in the turn itself, due to the fact that the speeds are very low, and, therefore, there is practically no inertia.
The minimum thickness of the metal used in my crane is about 3 mm, as an outrigger and base as a whole, a rectangular pipe is used, having dimensions of 85 * 50 and 85 * 55 - this is a kind of remains from agricultural equipment. The base of the tower is made of channel 200. A powerful bearing is inserted into the hook cage, therefore, the hook is able to rotate regardless of the chain hoist, in order to avoid overlap or twisting of the cable itself.
Thrust screws 400 mm long, as a result of which the crane can be installed at very uneven surfaces.
There is one small flaw associated with the wheels. The thing is that the wheels used in this case, when moving on loose soil, simply burrow into it, on a hard, compacted surface - everything is fine. This crane is considered disposable, that is, after performing necessary work it is dismantled for scrap or in a shelter until the next use. That is why this design has an insignificant load capacity, not very outstanding strength.
The manufacturing time for such a crane will take about three days, taking into account the preparation of all the necessary components. In this case, the gearboxes were obtained from what came to hand, the gearboxes have such gear ratios of 1/30 and 1/35. , output parameters on the shaft 600 W, capacitor capacitance 80 microfarads. All installations, excluding counterweights, weigh up to 250 kg, the cost of such a design is 4000 rubles. Mostly used components are borrowed from other equipment, only cables and bearings are new here.
Such a crane without problems lifts one and a half hundred kilograms of cargo, more, so far it has not been possible to move it at home.
The main components of the crane photo
