Using a tabletop jigsaw you can make furniture, beautiful patterned shelves and much more at home. The mechanism allows you to cut smooth and curved parts from wood, plastic and dense foam materials. In order for a homemade device to fully satisfy the requirements, it is necessary to carefully select a suitable design.
Design and technical characteristics
The device of any model of jigsaw machine necessarily contains:
- saw;
- crank assembly;
- drive unit;
- saw tension device;
- Desktop;
- auxiliary mechanisms.
The material to be processed is placed on the work table. Some models are equipped with a rotating device that changes the inclination of the surface. To make it easier to mark the material with your own hands, graduations are applied to the surface.
The larger the table size, the longer the cut you can make. On average, this figure is 30 - 40 cm.
The drive power for a homemade desktop machine is about 150 W.
The crank assembly converts the rotational motion of the drive into reciprocating motion and transmits it to the saw. On average, the frequency of saw blade vibrations per minute is 800 - 1000. The amplitude of vertical movement is no more than 5 cm. Some models allow you to select the speed of movement depending on the properties of the material.
The file of a hand jigsaw can work with wood and plastic with a thickness of no more than 10 cm, having a length of up to 35 cm. For different types The materials and work of the files vary, their width is 2 - 10 mm.
A manual tension device secures the saw blade for uniform sawing; it consists of screw or leaf springs.
Types of machines
Structurally, all jigsaw devices can be divided:
- with lower support;
- with double support;
- on suspension;
- with degree scale and stops;
- universal.
The most common are models with a lower support. Their frame is divided into two halves: lower and upper. The cutting and cleaning module is located at the top. At the bottom there is a control module, an electric motor, a transmission mechanism and a switch. Allows you to process sheets of material of any size.
Models with double support differ in that there is an additional rail on the upper half of the bed. Such devices are good for creating oversized parts. They are easier to install than the previous option. Both models allow you to process material no thicker than 8 cm. The machine comes with a work table with angle and height adjustment.
Suspended machines are not equipped with a monolithic frame; they are very mobile. During processing, it is the cutting module that moves, not the material. The working module is usually attached to the ceiling with your own hands, so the size of the material is unlimited. Cutting tool moves by hand independently of the bed, creating very complex patterns.
Machines with a degree scale and stops are good for precise work according to drawings. The design allows you to avoid errors. Universal jigsaw machines can perform several operations associated with cutting: drilling, polishing, grinding.
Making a machine yourself
Drawing of a homemade tabletop jigsaw: 1 - rocking insert (2 pcs.), 2 - earring (2 pcs), 3 - table, 4.6 - screws, 5 - rod, 7 - eccentric, 8 - base, 9 - axes of earrings, 10 - upper rocker arm, 11 - rocker arm axis, 12 - wing, 13 - tension screw cross member (2 pcs), 14 - tension screw, 15 - rocker stand, 16 - lower rocker arm, 17 - box, 18 - double-ribbed pulley, 19 - intermediate shaft, 20 — stand bushing, 21 — table plate, 22 — bearing with cover (2 pcs.), 23 — electric motor pulley.
In the drawing of a tabletop machine made by yourself, the number of components must be kept to a minimum, these are: a rocking chair with a fixed saw, a bed and an electric motor. You can take a motor from an old electric machine.
Owners of a manual jigsaw are luckier. You can make a stand from a sheet of plywood and attach a jigsaw to it. To attach the jigsaw with your own hands, you will have to make holes in the base of the tool. The most simple model ready.
Now about the more complex and functional ones. The stand is made by hand from 12 mm plywood, thick plastic or textolite. It consists of a base, a box for housing the engine and mechanisms, and a work table. On the other side we place a rocking chair with an eccentric. They are connected to each other by a metal plate with bushing bearings. The entire structure is secured with screws. To mount the intermediate shaft, prepare a pair of bearings. A double-strand metal pulley is placed on the shaft as tightly as possible, and the screw connection is secured. You can make an eccentric in the same way.
To change the amplitude of movement of the rocker, four round through holes with threads are made on the eccentric flange, located at different distances from the axis. By changing the installation location of the screw, the range of movement of the rocking chair is adjusted. It consists of a pair of wooden rocker arms hinged to a stand. The rear ends of the rocker arms contain through cuts; tension screws are inserted into them. A file is attached to the ends at the front and is movable due to metal hinges. Before fastening, the file is inserted into the groove of the working surface of the table.
The mechanism for attaching the file is very important. During production homemade device with his own hands he should be given Special attention. The inserted plates of the rocker arms bear constant loads when moving, so they are rigidly fixed and tightened with Grover screws and washers. The fastening earrings should not be strongly compressed by the screws, allowing the hinge axis of the plate to move.
- Device and principle of operation
- Assembly instructions
- How to remake a manual jigsaw
- Machine from sewing machine
Tabletop jigsaw machine - equipment for cutting, sawing out shaped parts from various materials. Its feature is the ability to make cuts while maintaining the integrity of the outer contour of the workpiece. Depending on which saw is installed on the structure, the machine can process natural wood, its derivatives, plastic bases or metal.
The device is indispensable when performing construction and repair work, production of furniture, souvenirs. Equipment is often purchased for domestic purposes. Sometimes it is irrational to buy a factory unit: you can make a jigsaw yourself. The photo shows the design of the tool.
Device and principle of operation
A stationary factory sample includes a work table for a jigsaw, a unit with a cutting element is fixed on it, an electric drive installed under the table top and a crank mechanism. The tension unit is installed at the top or bottom of the machine. Many models of units allow you to cut material at different angles. This is necessary for making bevel cuts. Often, for convenience, markings are applied to the rotating mechanism, stops, and guides. The length of the cut depends on the dimensions of the table; in most models it is 30–40 cm.
The power of an electric jigsaw may be low. For domestic purposes, a 150 W unit is sufficient.
An important element is the crank mechanism. It is responsible for the quality of transmission of engine torque into the translational and reciprocal motion performed by the cutting element in a vertical position.
A standard jigsaw tool is characterized by a vibration frequency of up to 1000 per minute with an amplitude of 3–5 cm. Some samples provide for adjustment of the processing speed of various materials. In most cases, such a tool is equipped with a saw up to 35 cm long, which allows cutting parts up to 10 cm thick.
In order for the cutting element to serve for a long time without breakage or cracks, it is necessary to provide it with optimal tension along its entire length. For this purpose, screw and leaf springs are used. As additional option provided on factory devices air pump to remove sawdust from the cutting line. A unit with a drilling unit is useful, but you need to pay extra for each additional unit.
Assembly instructions
The jigsaw is made from a refrigerator compressor, conventional drill. The cutting blade can be set in motion using a motor from washing machine. Another option is to use hand jigsaws and old sewing machines. The figure shows a design drawing.
How to remake a manual jigsaw
First of all, the table is made. For this, a sheet of thick plywood or metal is used. Through holes are cut out for the cutting blade and fasteners. Through them, the manual unit placed below is fixed to supporting structure. Next, the jigsaw table is fixed to any stable wooden table. Guide rails are added.
If necessary, the machine can be quickly disassembled.
The standard device is equipped with springs that provide the file with the required level of tension. You can’t do without a rocker arm; one of its edges is under spring tension, the second provides attachment to the cutting element of a jigsaw. You can also clamp the blade between two guide rollers.
Before starting work on homemade jigsaw Be sure to turn off the pendulum stroke.
Sewing machine machine
A jigsaw from a sewing machine contains a saw speed regulator, provided by a speed switch on the equipment.
For manufacturing, the thread weaving mechanism is removed. In most designs it is placed at the bottom. Unscrew the bolts, knock out the cotter pin, remove the drive shaft leading to the thread weaving unit.
Then the upper protective panel opens, the groove along which the needle moved expands to the width of the file. Jigsaw saws are slightly modified: they are cut according to the size of the longest needle that could be installed on the machine. In order not to make an adapter for fixing the cutting element on seat, grind down the upper incisors, making the lower part of the blade sharp. A cutter is installed in the needle holder. After this, they begin cutting out the blanks.
The idea of creating a homemade jigsaw is most often due to the disadvantages that a factory-made one has hand tool. You can make a small one with your own hands table machine, which will include a pusher, a reciprocating motor, and a saw tension system. In this case, you do not need complex drawings - once you understand the essence, it is easy to achieve the result.
How to make your own installation
The desire to create homemade jigsaw may occur for several reasons:
- There is no power supply in the workshop, but it is possible to use low-power internal combustion engines.
- There are pneumatic motors, but the compressor power is not enough for a serial tool.
- The electric motor is powered by batteries or solar panels, the power of the source is not enough to use the power tool.
- It is required to obtain saw motion parameters that are unattainable using a commercial tool.
Designing a jigsaw is not difficult. A typical structure looks like this:
The installation is easy to adapt to any torque source. A pair of pulleys (one is located on the engine shaft, the other drives the crank mechanism) allows you to vary gear ratio, reducing the load on the power unit and allowing you to get required speed(they are also responsible for the number of saw strokes per minute) on the actuator.
A machine built according to the above scheme can have a very different configuration; the material of manufacture is also selected individually. Example ready installation looks like this:
Disadvantages of a manual jigsaw
A manual jigsaw is designed to form even cuts. In this case, as the rollers, rod, and pusher wear out, the saw may wobble, deviate from a straight line, and change the angle of attack. Regardless of the quality of the tool components, the following features are always present:
- When the saw becomes dull, deviation from a straight line is observed when cutting material of uneven density (for example, low-quality chipboard). The saw is capable of leaving the cutting line when it encounters a knot in the wood.
- When trying to make a curved radius cut, you can observe the following picture: the upper cutting line, which the worker follows, follows an exact trajectory, the lower one deviates, goes to the side, the radius becomes larger. The higher the wear of the tool and the lower the sharpness of the saw, the more pronounced this phenomenon is.
- Some materials cannot be worked using a pick-up or bottom feed of the saw. The carpenter is required to move the tool forward extremely evenly, which is impossible to do very accurately; as a result, the saw beats along the entry and exit path.
It is even more difficult to work with thin saws designed for curved cuts. Without practice, it is very difficult to achieve a good result, especially on thick slabs or wood materials. Let's look at how you can make a carpenter's job easier and the result better.
Standard solutions
The machine from a manual jigsaw is made on the basis simple table. This device is common and mass-produced; samples can be seen in the photographs below.
The mechanics of work are simple:
- The jigsaw clearly fixes the tool, ensuring that there is no influence of the human factor (the hand can move the jigsaw unevenly).
- The presence of a support allows you to move the device without deviations along the trajectory.
With the help of a table, jigsaws begin to cut in a straight line, but the capabilities of such a device are limited. If you remove the side fence and try to guide the workpiece, forming a curved cut, the same problems of saw deflection arise. The problem can be solved by using a simple saw, rigidly fixed with a pair of rollers. Making curved cuts is now convenient and fast. What homemade and industrial products of this type look like is shown in the following photos.
Tension devices for curved cuts
To perform very thin and precise shaped cuts, you can make a machine from a jigsaw with a saw blade tension system. The idea of creating it yourself is as follows:
- A very thin saw is used, ideally for a hand jigsaw.
- A clamp is attached to the rod of the power tool, which will tighten the cutting blade.
- The trajectory stabilization system will regulate both one freedom of movement and two (horizontal and vertical).
A hand jigsaw clamp is used as a tension block, to which an adapter is made, which in turn is inserted into clamping fixture power tool rod. To ensure adjustment of one freedom of movement, a pair of angles and a bolt are used. The result of the implementation of the idea is presented in the following photo.
The saw provides clearly vertical movement, good tension can be created, but there is a mandatory runout in the horizontal direction. The canvas comes with a pick-up and does not move in a straight line.
The development of this idea is in the next photo. Here the part that fixes the trajectory moves, and the metal clamp provides structural rigidity and mechanical resistance.
The system is stabilized in two degrees of freedom, the cut made with its help is neat and precise. By using a diamond-coated cord for a hand jigsaw, you can cut glass without creating messy chips on the edges.
Accessories for extremely delicate work
If you need to work extremely delicately and slowly, you will need to reduce the force on the cutting blade while maintaining strong tension and precise movement of the file. To do this, a homemade jigsaw is equipped with spacer devices with long arms.
In this case, the power tool does not operate in the cutting zone, but at some distance. This allows, depending on the wishes of the carpenter, to regulate the force, speed and amplitude of movement of the saw. One of the options for implementing the idea is shown in the following photo.
Depending on the needs of the master, the structure can be made of steel, have additional fixing zones, and the power tool cannot be installed rigidly, but with the ability to move within its support beam.
In practice, such solutions are rarely used. For delicate work that is performed constantly, it is much more profitable to purchase a specialized band saw which will ensure quality and productivity.
As can be seen from the presented designs, a jigsaw can even be made from a sewing machine with a moving rod.
tehnika.expert
DIY tabletop jigsaw | Construction portal
A tabletop jigsaw is an indispensable item for any owner who is used to doing household work on his own. Electric jigsaws are especially good for residents of the private sector, hobbyists manual labor and country holidays. The desktop electric model has gone quite far from its prototype, an ordinary manual jigsaw. A desktop jigsaw makes it easier and faster to cut, not to mention improving quality.
Concept of a tabletop jigsaw
A jigsaw is a saw, which is characterized by reciprocating movements of the saw blade, which acts as a working body. It has a ski designed to guide the saw blade when moving along the surface that is being processed, and makes movements at a frequency of up to 3000 vibrations per minute.
This instrument was invented in 1946. Its creator is Albert Kaufman, who replaced the needle in sewing machine on the blade. The instrument went on sale already in 1947. A manual jigsaw has a body with a flat platform and a handle. The main difference between an electric jigsaw and a manual one is its greater functionality and cutting quality.
Inside there is an electric motor and a special mechanism that drives the blade. IN stationary jigsaws there is no handle, and the platform is located on top. At the front of the mechanism there is a guide, at the bottom there is a retractable blade that moves and makes cuts.
The tool works as follows: file for table jigsaw securely fastened with clamps in the slide. The reciprocating movements have a frequency of up to 3000 strokes and can be adjusted. The support platform allows the jigsaw to focus on the part being cut, so the work is carried out very accurately.
The purpose of a desktop jigsaw
A jigsaw is an integral part of every workshop and every hobbyist. Its thin file can successfully cut plywood, copper, iron, thick boards, brass, and steel. Tools come with motor, foot or hand drive and differ greater productivity. An electric jigsaw is simply indispensable for carpenters, wood workers, furniture decorators, and drywall workers who produce complex parts.
An electric jigsaw can make straight and curved cuts on workpieces with complex shapes and various sheet materials without disturbing the external contour. Most often, tabletop jigsaws are used for cutting wood and wooden slabs, figures with complex outlines from laminate and plasterboard, plastic blanks, also for cutting sheet metal.
The benchtop electric jigsaw makes clean cuts in complex shapes and works on small parts. Due to the stable and fixed position during operation, high cutting accuracy is achieved. The file has a stable motion thanks to the tension system and guides, which are devoid of hand jigsaws. The large size of the table makes it stable, so the precise sawing direction is maintained.
Types of jigsaws
Today, the power tool market offers a wide variety of jigsaws, which differ in the nature of their application, technical specifications, type of power supply and design features. In construction stores you can buy a tabletop jigsaw for every taste and budget.
It is difficult to classify by design features, because each manufacturing company strives to provide its products with features that are designed to facilitate and improve the operation of the tool. In this regard, the shape of the handle is a significant parameter.
There are two established types of handles - mushroom-shaped and D-shaped. A jigsaw with a staple handle requires one-handed operation. This increases the possibilities of using a jigsaw, but has a somewhat negative effect on the quality of cutting the material.
Mushroom-shaped handles allow for more accurate cuts when holding the jigsaw with both hands, having previously secured the workpiece to be cut. The choice of a jigsaw with a specific handle shape depends on the financial capabilities and personal preferences of the buyer. You should choose the jigsaw that will be more convenient to work with.
Household jigsaws are not intended for intensive use, but the low price of a desktop jigsaw and the power that is enough for household needs make them indispensable in household.
Professional jigsaws are characterized by high wear resistance and the possibility of daily long-term (up to 8 hours) use. The significant power of such jigsaws allows processing of materials of large thickness. Expanded equipment and improved characteristics are reflected in the price.
Among professional jigsaws, industrial jigsaws also stand out, which are characterized by greater adaptability to complex operations and drive features - for example, increased power supply voltage. Industrial models are machines that are designed for the woodworking industry.
Depending on the type of power supply, there are mains and cordless jigsaws. Network models are powered from a power supply network with standard voltage. If productivity is important to you, then you should choose a corded power tool.
Cordless jigsaws provide independence from the presence of sockets and greater mobility during operation. When purchasing a battery model, you should pay attention to the type of battery. Increased performance characteristics are inherent in lithium-ion batteries. The battery capacity is responsible for the duration of operation without recharging.
Advantages of desktop jigsaws
The tabletop electric jigsaw is stationary structure, therefore this type of cutting tool has many advantages. Modern models can work with wooden materials 40-50 millimeters thick. The working body is a narrow saw, which makes vertical translational and reciprocal movements. Due to the peculiarities of the notching of the teeth and the mechanics of the movements of the saw, the material is cut out by moving upward.
A tabletop jigsaw allows you to cut out complex decorative parts, make longitudinal, straight, inclined and transverse cuts. The wide tabletop allows you to process large parts and make cuts inside wide workpieces. Reliable fastening protects the housing from unnecessary vibrations and allows the material to be well positioned, so the motor can operate without overload.
The advantages of desktop jigsaws include good accuracy and clarity of cuts, high safety and ease of use, ample opportunities settings depending on the material and the required part of the cut workpieces.
If you need to cut small parts, a manual jigsaw will not be very convenient. It is quite heavy, so you will have to hold it with one hand and guide the workpiece with the other. A table jigsaw does not have this drawback. Perhaps the inconveniences are the large size and the difficulty of working with large parts.
A tabletop jigsaw is a kind of mini-machine for cutting workpieces. If you purchase a jigsaw in a store, most likely it will provide the ability to select power and adjust the frequency of saw strokes. However, you can make a simple homemade tabletop jigsaw, and very quickly. You will need a hand jigsaw, a few screws, a piece of plywood small sizes and only an hour of work.
Making a tabletop jigsaw
A carefully made jigsaw will be little inferior to one made in a factory, and in some respects even superior to it. Assembling such a jigsaw is not difficult if you have the necessary materials. Next we will describe simple diagram such manipulations.
The design of the jigsaw includes the following components: handle, switch button, insulating washer, power cord, frame, heating filament, screw clamp and earring. First you need to make a frame. You will need a duralumin pipe with an outer diameter of up to twelve millimeters.
You can also use textolite with a thickness of at least ten millimeters or thick plywood for the base. But keep in mind that the lighter the frame, the more convenient the jigsaw will be to use. Be sure to provide a channel so that you can lay the power cord later. Most best shape a frame is one whose sides are tilted 45 degrees.
Next you need to make an earring. It is made of copper sheet one millimeter thick. After this, it is attached with screws to the frame where it connects to the handle. In this way, the screw, wing nut and shackle will form a clamp in which the heating filament can be fixed. The thickness of the duralumin sheet should be up to 0.8 millimeters. It is necessary to make pressing cheeks from it, between which there is a switch button.
After this, you need to cut a gap in the plywood that the saw can fit through. It can be done using a drill. To do this, you need to drill holes along the marking line and smooth out the transitions. Instead of plywood, you can use plastic, metal, plexiglass and others. Next, you place and drill mounting holes into the plywood and base plate jigsaw.
Then you need to secure the jigsaw with screws to the plywood base so that the file can fit through the gap. You attach the structure to the table using a clamp so that the file is pointing upward. You can also secure the platform with any in an accessible way. The jigsaw file remains ordinary, but there are possibilities for good sawing expand due to the freeing of hands.
You can use a nichrome spiral from any household heating device (iron, for example) as a heating filament. It must be secured with tension between the ends of the frame bends. In order for the thread to heat up, you need to apply a tension of about 14 V. To control the operating mode, you can use a rheostat.
The current is determined by the thickness and length of the nichrome thread. Using a rheostat, you can set the optimal current strength (no more than 3-5 A), which will affect the temperature to which the filament is heated. Before starting work, it is necessary to determine the current strength. But keep in mind that if the force is too high, the cut material may be caught in the flame, but if it is insufficient, it will not be taken. A self-made desktop jigsaw will allow you to cut out shapes with complex contours from various types materials.
Rules for using a desktop jigsaw
When working with table jigsaw You must adhere to some rules:
- When cutting, do not press too hard on the tool, otherwise the needle will break at best, or you will ruin the work at worst.
- Replace saw blades from time to time. old saw can spoil and destroy the surface of the material.
- If you work with organic glass and non-ferrous alloys, the surface of the product must be moistened with water. This operation will speed up the process and extend the life of the saw.
- If you are cutting a surface with a thickness of less than one millimeter, place a sheet of wood or plywood under the material being processed.
- Before cutting, it is necessary to secure the material. It is better not to make long cuts by hand; the line may turn out to be crooked.
- For cutting different materials appropriate blades are required, with a special pitch and length.
- Rotate the tool by turning only the back of the tool.
- When cutting laminate, tape is applied to the cut line, which protects the material from chipping.
- If there is a need for curved cuts, set the jigsaw pendulum to minimum.
If you have not yet fully understood how to make a tabletop jigsaw, watch a video about this procedure. This tool allows you to cut complex parts from wood and other materials, make longitudinal, inclined, straight and transverse cuts. Using a jigsaw, you can process large parts, wide workpieces and small products, which is not superfluous at home.
strport.ru
wooden jigsaw machine
For slotting and sawing small parts Jigsaws are used from wood, plywood, plexiglass, plastics and other materials various designs and types. These can be manual (“pioneer”), mechanical and electric jigsaws. Various magazines provided diagrams of homemade jigsaw machines driven by an electric motor and even an electric drill. But with the advent of hand-held jigsaws on sale, it became possible to both install them in a table for cutting out large parts, and use them as a drive for jigsaw machines for cutting out small parts. The manual jigsaw is well balanced, quite powerful and has a speed controller, which greatly expands the possibilities of its use.
Still, in my opinion, the jigsaw has a significant drawback: the inability to regulate the amplitude of the saw’s stroke. But I dealt with this drawback by making a saw stroke regulator.
The version printed in Wood magazine No. 12 1986 was taken as the basis for the manufacture of the machine.
The sizes of the rocker arms were chosen based on our own needs. It should be borne in mind that by increasing the length, we will increase the size of the processed part, this is a plus. But at the same time, we will increase the vibration of the saw, as well as the mass of the rocker arms, which will lead to an increase in the vibration of the entire machine, and this is a minus. Therefore, we make the length no more than necessary. Increasing the rear part of the rocker arms will lead to lighter saw tension, but again to an increase in mass and, accordingly, vibration. There is an opinion that by balancing the rocker arm relative to the swing axis, it is possible to reduce the vibration of the machine. In my opinion, this is not true.
Vibration can be reduced by reducing the mass of the rocker arm as much as possible. But at the same time it is necessary that it remains rigid and can withstand heavy loads.
Easy to use for tension eccentric clamps from the bike. The nail file should be tensioned through a rigid spring. It will help reduce the number of nail file breaks.
The file attachment should quickly and securely fix the files. different sizes.
The bars on which the rocker arms are mounted must be securely connected to each other to reduce vibrations.
The entire structure of the machine must be rigid and reliable. Management must be in convenient location.
I will answer all your questions.
Wish you good luck with your homemade projects.
shenrok.blogspot.ru
instrument.guru > Do it yourself > using drawings
Using a homemade jigsaw, anyone can make furniture, modern comfortable shelves and other wood products. Its mechanism helps to cut wooden parts absolutely any shape. And it can also be used to process plastic and other dense materials. In order for a jigsaw machine to comply with all norms and rules, you need to carefully approach the choice of its design. Additionally, drawings from the Internet will help you make a jigsaw machine with your own hands.
- How to make a jigsaw with your own hands
Design of jigsaw machines
Absolutely any electric homemade jigsaw machine contains the following parts:
- drive unit;
- connecting rod assembly;
- saw;
- work surface;
- saw tension mechanism;
- additional mechanisms.
The material to be processed should be placed on the work surface. Many models are equipped rotating mechanism, which changes the inclination of the cutting surface. In order to facilitate the application of markings to the material being processed, graduations are applied to the working surface. It is worth choosing a jigsaw with large size desktop, because it will allow you to make the longest cut. Basically, for most models of jigsaws, this figure is about 35 centimeters. The optimal drive power for a jigsaw machine assembled by yourself is no more than 200 watts.
The connecting rod assembly mechanism is capable of converting the rotation of the drive into translational motion and transmits it to the saw. The optimal frequency of saw movement per minute is about 900, and the amplitude of vertical movement should not exceed 6 centimeters.
Many types of jigsaw machines are equipped with a speed controller, which allows adjustment depending on the type of material. The jigsaw file is capable of processing wood and plastic up to 12 centimeters thick, with a length of up to 40 centimeters. To work with various materials, the files can be changed, their width ranges from 2 to 12 millimeters. A manual tension mechanism secures the file for smooth cut. Its role is played by leaf springs or coil springs.
Main types of jigsaw machines
All jigsaw machines are usually divided according to the following criteria:
The most popular are jigsaw machines with a lower support, in which the bed is divided into upper and lower parts. The first contains the cleaning and cutting modules, and the second contains the electric motor, controller module, switching and transmission mechanisms. These machines can process absolutely any sheet of material.
Jigsaw machines with double support have a main difference. It lies in the fact that there is another rail in the upper part of the frame. Such equipment is well suited for the manufacture of oversized products. Such devices are very easy to install and allow you to process products with a thickness of no more than 9 centimeters. Additionally, the machine comes with a comfortable work table with height and angle adjustments.
Suspension jigsaws are not equipped with a stationary frame and have greater mobility. When performing work, the cutting module moves, not the material being processed. The working module itself is independently fixed to the ceiling, which is why the size of the workpiece does not matter. The cutting mechanism moves with your own hands, regardless of the bed. At the same time, it becomes possible to make a wide variety of patterns.
Jigsaws with stops and a degree scale are ideal for the most precise work using drawings. Their design helps to avoid errors during operation. Jigsaw machines universal type capable of doing several types of work. This is, first of all, cutting, grinding, polishing, drilling and many others.
How to make a jigsaw with your own hands
When developing a drawing of a homemade jigsaw machine, the total number of elements must be reduced to minimum quantity. A saw with a fixed rocker is quite enough, electric motor and beds. If desired, a motor from any electric machine will do. People who own a manual jigsaw are much more fortunate. From plywood sheet it is necessary to make a special stand and attach the jigsaw to it. To secure it, it is worth making holes in the base of the jigsaw. Thus, the simplest jigsaw machine can be considered ready-made.
Next, it’s worth talking about more functional and complex models of devices that you can make with your own hands. Homemade bed made from a sheet of plywood 12 millimeters thick, textolite or plastic. Such a bed consists of a working surface, the base of the machine and a special box for the location of various mechanisms and an electric motor.
WITH reverse side it is necessary to position the eccentric with the rocker, which must be connected by a metal plate with bearings and bushings. This entire structure must be secured with screws. To install the intermediate shaft, you need to find several bearings. A special metal pulley is placed quite tightly on the shaft, and the screw connector is securely fastened. In a similar way, you need to make a homemade eccentric for the device.
In order to change the frequency of movement of the rocking chair, it is necessary to make several through holes and cut threads into them. They must be removed from the central axis at different distances. By changing the place where the screw is screwed in, you can adjust the amplitude of movement of the rocker, which consists of several wooden rocker arms attached to the stand with hinges. The ends of the rocker arms have through cuts into which screws are inserted for tension. A file is attached to the other ends, moving using metal hinges. To secure the file, place it in a special groove on the working surface.
The fastening device for the file can be considered the most important. When assembling a jigsaw machine with your own hands, you should pay great attention to this part. The plates inserted into the rocker arms carry a huge load during operation, which is why they need to be properly strengthened and tightened with fastening materials. The two mounting earrings do not need to be tightly compressed with screws, which will allow the axle hinges to move.
The rocking stand mechanism is best made from solid material. On one side you need to make a groove for the rocker arm, and on the other you need to cut a rectangular opening for the second rocker arm. To make it easier to make holes, it is worth folding the stand from several parts.
I didn’t want to permanently place my expensive Makita jigsaw on the table, so I decided to buy another one to create a table. I was very lucky to find a jigsaw in the “Our House” store Caliber LEM-610E for only 862 rub. Includes: wood saw, side stop, adapter for vacuum cleaner, spare brushes for the motor.
There was an outlet next to the display case and I looked at it in action. It is quite well made, convenient, there is a speed control with a wheel, and the activation is fixed with a button. The saw holder moves smoothly without any play.
It’s very fortunate that I was able to twirl it in my hands before buying it; I wouldn’t risk ordering it from the Vseistrumenty.ru website without knowing what it is. (Although they write good reviews about it) By the way, it costs more there and there is also a delivery fee... so I successfully bought it at Our House. :)
Despite its advantages, it has a number of disadvantages that I noticed upon closer examination:
1) The file does not fit into the saw holder. Apparently this is a defective copy, but I did not waste my time on the exchange. Each file has to be sharpened. (Although I won’t be able to use them on the second jigsaw after grinding - it doesn’t matter, they are relatively inexpensive)
2) And this flaw is visible even in the picture. The canvas is tilted strongly forward. (This was also corrected by placing tin strips under the back of the sole, achieving 90 o.
3) The speed control wheel turns heavily, not very clearly and with jamming. At the minimum speed value, the tool cannot start at all (However, the same garbage with starting is with my other “calibrated” drills. This is unpleasant, but does not spoil life much)
As always, everything is in the spirit of minimalism. I did not make a separate switch. It is quite convenient to turn on with a standard button and lock into place.
To do this, I bought a bracket at KrepMarket (this is a fastening element from some kind of iron structure system)
By the way, I really love CrepeMarket. Any screws, nuts, screws, fasteners. Every time I design something, I wander around in thought and type the necessary details.
I cut off the excess and sharpened it.
Back view. Now the distance between the bearings has a fixed clearance for the file of 1.2mm. I have a plan for the future: to make a gap adjustment.
For thin materials it can be lowered.
As an experiment, I drew a star and tried to cut it out evenly
For a 130mm file, the maximum possible thickness is 5cm. It turns out there are very long files, I recently saw a 300mm file on the market
I sawed off a 1.5mm slice from a 40x40mm block
Which is what I did. Now you can use it to cut long workpieces 11.5 cm wide. The old L-shaped structure also remains, and if greater strength of the holder is needed, it can be installed again, although new design remained quite strong and reliable.
I also came up with the idea of making a knife from an old dull file, grinding off its teeth and sharpening it.
 |
They can be used to cut material like sealant into shapes. The cut is smooth. Much better than a utility knife. The photo shows a mouse pad.
Well, that's probably all. The table turned out to be reliable and comfortable. Now I have a tool on which I can produce more fine work than on a circular machine.
Here is a general diagram of how a jigsaw machine works.
I had a homemade machine, I already briefly wrote about it. Since I am a furniture maker, I made it from leftover LMDF. Cheap and cheerful :). I didn’t care at all about appearance, as long as I worked. And he did a good job! On it I understood all the nuances of sawing from solid wood hard rocks wood such as walnut, oak, ash. Everything would be fine, but the drive, and it was a Krees 350W construction jigsaw. I worked for 15 years! The speed control of the drive is “closed”, it turns on immediately to maximum and immediately breaks the file. I couldn’t find a native branded regulator. I have tried all sorts of regulators, dimmers for chandeliers and regulators from the seams. machines, vacuum cleaners. I could not achieve the desired result, namely a wide range of adjustment.
The photo shows the principle of operation of the jigsaw. a construction jigsaw transmits oscillatory movements to a rocker arm, on which the file in turn is fixed.
In the end I gave up. The Moor has done his job, the Moor must go. I decided to buy a new jigsaw drive. All Chinese versions of jigsaws are not suitable; adjustment on them is the same name. In the Makita company store I found what I was looking for. 450 W jigsaw. Wide range of adjustment, and does not scream like Chinese jigsaws! Works quietly!
Here is my new drive, Makita 4327.
I found a new drive, but it didn’t work out to install it instead of the old one, the height is not suitable. I decided that rather than redo it, it would be better to make a new one, taking into account the elimination of the inconveniences identified during the process of working on the old one.
1. Increase the clearance from the file to the frame (on the old one it was 27 cm). For this you need an elongated rocker arm.
2. Increase the vertical stroke of the saw for good chip removal. (on the old one, the saw stroke is 18mm.)
3. Appearance! Schaub was not ashamed to take photographs. :)
And so! the machine is ready!
Here it is my new machine!
The clearance from the file to the frame is 45cm! The vertical stroke of the saw is 30mm! Dream!
Test cutting. The result is excellent! The Makita regulator works great. The machine makes noise like a household sewing machine.
