When paying utility bills, many people are surprised to see the phrase “water heating” on the receipt. In fact, this innovation was adopted back in 2013. According to Government Decree No. 406, if there is centralized system water supply, payment must be made at a two-component tariff.
Thus, the tariff was divided into two components: the use cold water and thermal energy. Now the calculation is made separately for two resources: water for hot water supply and thermal energy. That is why a column appeared in the receipts, which means the amount of thermal energy spent on heating cold water. However, many believe that heating fees are charged illegally, and they write complaints to housing and communal services. To verify the legitimacy of this type of accrual, you should learn more about this service.
The reason for this innovation was the additional use of energy. Risers and heated towel rails connected to the hot water supply system consume thermal energy, but this consumption was not previously taken into account in the calculation of payment for public utilities. Since payment for heat supply can only be charged during the heating period, heating the air through the use of a heated towel rail was not paid as a utility service. The government found a way out of this situation by dividing the tariff into two components.
Equipment
If the water heater fails, the bill for hot water will not increase. In this case, authorized employees of the managing organization are obliged to repair the equipment as a matter of urgency. But since the repair requires payment, this amount must still be paid by the tenants. While the heating bill will remain the same, there will be an increase in the repair and maintenance charges. This is because water heaters are part of the property of homeowners.
As for non-standard situations, when, for example, part of the apartments in a multi-storey building has access to hot water, and the second only to cold water, issues regarding payment for heating are resolved on an individual basis. As practice shows, tenants are often required to pay for common property that they do not use.
Component "thermal energy"
If everything is quite simple with the calculation of payment for cold water (it is carried out on the basis of an established tariff), then not everyone understands what is included in the cost of such a service as heating.
The amount for paying for such a service as water heating is calculated taking into account the following components:
- established tariff for thermal energy;
- expenses necessary for the maintenance of a centralized hot water supply system (from central heating points where water is heated);
- cost of thermal energy loss in pipelines;
- expenses necessary for the implementation of the transportation of hot water.
The calculation of payment for utility services for hot water supply is made taking into account the volume of water used, which is measured in m 3.
As a rule, the amount of required thermal energy is determined on the basis of the general house values, which are shown by hot water meters and consumed thermal energy. The amount of energy used in each room is calculated by multiplying the volume of water used (determined by the meter) by the specific heat energy consumption. The amount of energy is multiplied by the tariff. The resulting value is the amount needed to pay for what is written on the receipt as “water heating”.
How to calculate on your own in 2018-2019
Water heating is one of the most expensive utilities. This is due to the fact that during heating it is necessary to use special equipment powered by the mains. To make sure the receipt shows the correct amount due, you can do the calculations yourself and compare the amount received with the amount shown on the receipt. To do this, you need to find out the amount of payment for thermal energy, established by the regional tariff commission. Further calculations depend on the presence or absence of metering devices:
- If you have a meter installed in your apartment, then you can calculate the consumption of thermal energy, focusing on its indicator.
- If there is no meter, calculations should be made based on the established regulatory indicators (set by an energy-saving organization).
If there is a common heat energy consumption meter in a residential building and individual meters installed in apartments, the charge for heating is calculated based on the readings of the common meter and further proportional distribution for each apartment. If such a device is not available, the amount required to pay for heating is calculated based on the standard energy consumption for heating 1 m 3 of water in the reporting month and indications individual counter water.
Where to file a complaint
If the legitimacy of the appearance of an additional line “water heating” in the receipts is in question, in order not to overpay for heating, it is recommended that you first contact the Criminal Code with a request to explain what this item means. The appearance of a new line in the receipt is legal only on the basis of the decision of the owner of the MKD premises. In the absence of such a decision, a complaint should be written to the GZhI. After filing a claim with the Criminal Code, you must provide a response with explanations within thirty days. In case of refusal to justify why such a service is prescribed in the receipt, a complaint should be filed with the prosecutor's office with a lawsuit in court. In this case, if you have already paid the amount indicated on the receipt, Article 395 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation will serve as the basis for the claim. If a refund is not required, but you still have to pay for services that you are not getting, file a claim to exclude the "heating water" line. In this case, it is worth referring to Article 16 of the Law "On Protection of Consumer Rights".
Hello! please help me figure it out. Our HOA changed the Criminal Code. The new Criminal Code charges us a fee for hot water, referring to the methodology from Decree P No. 354 .. The fee for hot water in our receipts is divided into two parts, individual consumption and ODN, and consists of 2 lines: HOV and heating. There are no problems with the first line in individual consumption .. there is the volume (according to the meter in the apartment) and the tariff ... but they calculate the heating (i.e. the number of Kcal for heating) based on the general house water consumption (according to the house meter) and calculate the share of my calories based on the amount of HOB on my counter. It turns out 0.74 calories (for my 6 cubes) and the fee in the line of individual consumption in the new receipts has doubled. The previous company calculated more simply, they simply took my consumption of CHOW by the meter and multiplied it by the approved standard for heating 1 cubic meter of water 0.0615. and the difference between the general house expense and the amount according to the tenant's counters was scattered in parts of the ODN in proportion to the area. In the new receipts, the basement with the ODN has been reset to zero ... that is, as I understand it, the new company considers us all together without separating the general needs of the house and the intra-apartment ones .. or am I mistaken?
I revised Decree 354 .. and did not find a formula there according to which hot water supply should be calculated in apartment buildings with centralized water supply ( open circuit).. Help me figure it out.. Are the actions of the new Criminal Code legal? Thank you!
Hello Natalia!
To begin with, as our President Vladimir Putin likes to say, "let's separate the flies from the cutlets: flies - separately, cutlets - separately!"
In our case, “cutlets” we will have a hot water supply (DHW) scheme for your home, and “flies” - what and how the new Criminal Code thinks. We will deal with the "flies" in the second turn.
To begin with, we will deal with the "cutlets":
Please specify:
At the beginning of the letter, you write: "... The payment for hot water in our receipts ... consists of 2 lines: HOB and heating ...".
As far as I know and understand the heat power engineering of housing and communal services, such a division of the payment for hot water supply is applied with a CLOSED heat supply system - in which two pipelines (direct and return) for heat supply (heating) go from your quarterly boiler house (or from a CHPP), and water for hot water supply is heated by part heating water in water heaters (boilers) located in each house (or group of houses).
Do you have a hot water boiler in your house?
With regard to payment for hot water supply with a CLOSED heat supply system: regulatory and technical documents allow two methods for calculating and paying for hot water supply, depending on which method is more suitable for the specific conditions of the city, from the calculation system adopted in the city between house management companies, Teploenergo and Vodokanal, or which is more "liked" by the authorities and accountants.
First:
the payment is taken under the “hot water supply” item, which includes the amount of payment for heat received from the boiler house and spent in the boiler for heating water, plus payment for cold water supplied by Vodokanal and then heated in the boiler and used by residents. Then this payment from all residents, received by the house management company, is divided by accounting between Teploenergo and Vodokanal according to the rules known to them.
Second:
The fee is charged in two ways:
- “hot water supply” is a payment for the heat received from the boiler house and spent in the boiler for heating water. As a rule, this money goes directly to Teploenergo without "shrinkage and shrinkage" in the management company;
- “cold water for hot water supply” - payment for water supplied by Vodokanal and then heated in a boiler and consumed by residents. As a rule, this money goes directly to Vodokanal without "shrinkage and shrinkage" in the UK.
If there is a charge for "cold water for hot water supply", then the charge for "hot water supply" should be reduced by the same amount.
However, at the end of the letter you write: “... I didn’t find in Decree No. 354 ... the formula by which hot water supply in MKD houses with centralized hot water supply should be calculated (open scheme)”
OPEN DHW system is a system when water for DHW purposes is heated in a boiler house (CHP), goes through a separate pipeline and is then distributed through the water taps of the MKD. In this case, the payment for hot water supply is determined in accordance with paragraphs 1 (for an apartment equipped with an individual meter) and 10, 13 (for one-room apartment in a house with a common house meter) of Appendix 2 "Calculation of the amount of payment for utilities" of Resolution No. 354.
What is the DHW system in your house - CLOSED or OPEN?
Natalia! Let's move on to the "flies".
Unfortunately, according to the figures and reasoning you presented, without having before your eyes (in your hands) the texts of your letter to the Criminal Code with a demand to provide you with written explanations on the problem of calculating the payment for hot water supply and the corresponding answers of the Criminal Code, it is very difficult to give you an intelligible answer.
If you did not write such a letter, demand that the Criminal Code provide you with explanations on the basis of which documents the calculations were made, indicating their names, articles and clauses, including calculations according to the forms of the relevant clauses 1, 10, 13 (or others, according to who made the calculations?) Appendix 2 "Calculation of the amount of payment for utilities" of Resolution No. 354.
In your letter, refer to the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, the “Information Disclosure Standard for Organizations Operating in the Field of Management of Apartment Buildings” (approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of September 23, 2010 No. 731), as well as paragraph 31 of the “Rules for the provision of communal services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings ”(approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 of May 6, 2011):
“…31. The contractor is obliged:
... e) DIRECTLY AT THE CONSUMER'S APPLICATION, check the correctness of the calculation of the amount of utility bills presented to the consumer for payment, debts or overpayments of the consumer for utilities, ... and immediately, based on the results of the verification, issue to the consumer documents containing correctly calculated payments. The documents issued to the consumer at his request must be certified by the signature of the head and the seal of the contractor.
The course of our further considerations and actions will depend on your answers.
Good luck with your DHW bill!
reply from Yury Kalnin
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Uv.Yuri, hello! Thanks for your reply. There are no boilers in our house. We have in the entire Avtozavodsky district open system hot water supply. And in many companies, hot water supply is divided into two lines: hot water and heating. (my mother lives in the next quarter, 9th floor. MKD they have hot water in one line .. tariff 109, / 83 r \ m3) reply from Natalia Hello Natalia! I understood this: Avtozavodskoy district is a district of the city of Togliatti ?, since from the years you mentioned. Samara and Togliatti Avtozavodskoy district is only in Togliatti. From pleasant memories of youth, let's move on to business. While I delve into your numbers. For some reason I can't "get my head" into the "method" of the chairman of the board of your HOA. She's kind of smart. It would be nice to have before your eyes payment document(invoice receipt). Please use in your letters only the generally accepted wording and abbreviations of the technical values used in the laws and NTD for housing and communal services. I will also get acquainted with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 8, 2012 No. 1149 mentioned by you, the tariffs of the heat and power company Tevis, the order of the Ministry of the Samara Region No. 418 and other documents of the housing and communal services of Togliatti. I am aware of this document: Guidelines(MR) for the calculation and collection of payments from the population for housing and communal services "Gosstroy, LLC" Scientific and Consulting Center for Housing and Communal Services "(" NCC Housing and Utilities ") Moscow 2003, and in it clause 3.3 "Heating and hot water supply". Natalia! Do not you consider it appropriate and convenient to continue the exchange of information-consultations on hot water supply (and on other issues of housing and communal services) by e-mail. addresses? If you kindly ask the administration of this site (E-mail [email protected]) send me your email. address, I will answer you and you will have my address - it will be more convenient than asking and answering for housing and communal services. And once again I repeat my opinion - if you want to succeed, conduct all business communication with the housing and communal services and the authorities in writing (or by e-mail). reply from Yury Kalnin |
One of the biggest utility bills is the payment for heating, or it is also called hot water supply, that is, hot water supply. Until 2012, heating charges were calculated based on cubic meter hot water supplied to the residential. But after 2012, new regulations were adopted that established new system DHW calculations.
Legislation on payment for hot water services. Photo No. 1
The main regulatory act that regulates the calculation of the cost of hot water is the Government Decree No. 1149 of 2012. Based on it, two components are used in all calculations:
- calculation of the amount of cold water that is used for heating;
- calculation of the amount of energy that is needed to heat cold water.
You also need to take into account the energy indicator. In different settlements, gas, coal can be used for this, or, alternatively, hot water supply can be supplied to residential apartments from thermal power plants (where water turns into steam to turn turbines that generate electrical energy, and after the steam condenses into hot water, it is supplied to residential buildings).
You need to know what modern heat meters record the amount of water passing through them, as well as its temperature.
How to take meter readings correctly?
The calculation of the amount of heat received by the dwelling, as well as the charge for its payment, depends on the correctness of taking meter readings. In most cases, utilities providing such services try to collect as much as possible Money from residents, and sometimes they account for more than was actually consumed.
On this moment There are two types of meters that record heat.
- Common house. They show the total amount of hot water that entered the house, taking into account the two indicators that were described above. Based on this, residents apartment buildings can knock out the total amount of heat received for the whole house.
- Individual. These metering devices can be installed in residents' apartments, and they will also record the amount of water received, as well as its temperature.
Based on this, in order to correctly take readings, it is necessary to record data on the amount of water that has entered and its temperature at the entry point.
It is important to remember that you need to take readings from heat meters together with the employees of the utilities that provide these services.
Now consider the question of how to produce costs for the received heat. In this case, it is necessary to operate with indicators of common house and individual metering devices.
Calculation of general house costs
General building heat costs mean the loss of coolant from various leaks. engineering systems, poor insulation of pipes and risers (when the temperature at the entrance is 80 degrees, and the apartments reach 50 degrees).
Thanks to these losses, the calculation of general house costs is carried out. That is, the temperature difference is taken when hot water enters the house, as well as when it enters the living quarters. The total heat loss should not exceed 10 degrees. This is included in the tariff. If this figure is greater, then it is considered that the house is poorly insulated.
It is also the limit for apartment building. Its excess leads to an increase in the cost of hot water, so management companies are required to upgrade engineering networks through which heat is supplied to the apartments.
The formula for calculating the cost of heat for an apartment
Now you can derive a formula for calculating the cost of heat for.
First you need to calculate the incoming heat according to the common house metering device. This happens according to the following formula - C \u003d A / B, where C is the number of gigocalories, A is the amount of coolant received, B is the amount of water received.
After deriving this indicator, you need to take the readings of the apartment thermal meter (the amount of water received) and multiply it by C. The value M is obtained. gas, coal).
Thus, the calculation of the cost of heat for a particular apartment will be made.
Payment for the cost of heat energy should be made only for the period when the residential premises were heated. If the accommodation is not equipped gas water heater, then the payment for hot water, which is supplied for domestic needs, will be made every month at the established tariffs.
If the house is not equipped with metering devices, then all calculations will be carried out by an enterprise that provides heat supply services to residents of apartment buildings.
You need to understand that the tariff for each region is different, since it is formed by the municipal authorities and depends on the total costs that go to water heating.
FAQ
How to resolve controversial issues of payment for hot water consumption? Photo #3
Speaking about heating, citizens are interested in the following questions.
What to do if the apartment enters, having a low temperature, insufficient for heating. In this case, you need to invite representatives management company, an enterprise that supplies heat, and draw up a claim statement in which you indicate the actual temperature and demand a recalculation for the service not provided.
The second question is what to do if, according to the calculations of consumers, they should pay less, and payments for heat come inflated. A claim to the provider of such services will also help here, in which you need to carry out examples of calculations, as well as require a recalculation of all charges.
The growth of cities leads, first of all, to an increase in multi-apartment housing construction and, accordingly, to an increase in the population of the metropolis. Providing citizens with water, electricity and gas is carried out centrally, but even in one district of the city they may differ. When paying receipts from housing and communal services, consumers are gnawed by a worm of doubt about how correctly tariffs are set and expenses are calculated.
Water meter calculator, from the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Russian Federation
Some time ago, a separate tariff service worked in Russia. Since 2015, it has been abolished as an independent division and included in the Antimonopoly Service, Department of Prices and Tariffs. Any citizen of Russia can find out the tariffs for the supply of cold or hot water for own house. All data by regions are collected on the site: http://fas.gov.ru/, in the "Housing and Utilities Calculator" section.
Calculator for payment of water on the meter, the order of work:
- enter the site and go to the "Housing and communal services calculator" tab, it is located at the bottom right under the heading "Important information";
- on the page that opens, click the "Go to calculation" button, select your region on the map, and go to the calculation again;
- enter in the appropriate line the Municipal area of residence of the consumer;
- enter the month whose tariffs you are interested in;
- fill in the lines according to the conditions of residence and mark the service of interest: sewerage, water supply, heating, etc.;
- having chosen water according to the meter, it is necessary to mark the service provider at the place of residence and put down the water consumption for the calculation period;
- in the opened spread of the service of interest, for example, "Cold water supply", mark what calculation is needed - for a residential building or one for one;
- choose the method of calculation by meter or standards;
- calculations can be continued by selecting another service in the list below, for example "Hot water", and get the necessary data.
If the payment for water according to the meter, its tariff must correspond to that indicated on the website, is higher than that calculated on the Internet resource, you will have to contact the executive branch. Data on prices and tariffs are regularly updated, if there is a delay in information, we advise you to report this to the website of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Russian Federation. The appeal is sent through the "Write to the FAS Russia" tab.
Calculation of payment for water according to the meter through the website of the GU IS Moscow
The all-Russian portal does not reflect information on the costs of maintaining, repairing and hiring a residential building. Residents of Moscow on the site can enter data on the costs of utility resources for individual devices accounting and perform a preliminary calculation of services.
How to work with the portal:
- enter the page and find the "Services" tab;
- select the line "Transfer data to the IPU";
- in the window that opens, click on the picture "Housing and communal services calculator";
- in the proposed table, enter the required data, the main information is reflected in the Single Payment Document;
- when you click on the tab with the service that is supposed to be calculated, you go to the next table;
- having completed the calculation of one service, you can move on to the next, etc.;
- as a result, the bottom line will reflect the total amount needed to pay utility bills.
How are general house needs calculated in multi-apartment buildings equipped with IPU and OPU
Most of the complaints come from residents about inflated amounts of payment for needs. It seems to be difficult, we subtract from the meter readings at the entrance to the building what the residents consumed, and distribute the rest according to the area of the apartment. But even here, there are many loopholes for fraud. Moreover, not only from the management companies.
Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354, clause 44, defines the maximum volume of services for one-time households for housing, based on the standard consumption for the needs of the house. Managing organizations or DEZs independently conclude contracts with contractors for the supply of communal resources. Accordingly, they take responsibility for the full payment for the released water or electricity. If, after settlements with tenants, the housing office has unaccounted for resources, this will force them to look for gaps in the pipelines or identify negligent payers.
When supplying resources directly from the contractor, all unaccounted for IPU volumes fall on the shoulders of the residents of the house. These are both unregistered tenants and old water networks, and counter fraud. Despite this, reducing their own costs for utility bills is already a considerable help for citizens. Our company will help apartment owners multi-storey buildings, install and put into operation modern water meters with the possibility of remote reading.
A water meter installed in an apartment or house will help residents pay for the amount they have consumed. For example, you went on vacation or no one lives in the apartment temporarily, so why overpay at the rates set by the utility company ?! A water meter will significantly help reduce the cost of paying for water supply. The owner only needs to regularly note the meter readings and pay for the consumed cubes of water. How to take readings of the water meter?
The water meter has 5 black digits and 3 red digits. Liters on the counter are shown in red numbers (in this case 79 liters), but you will not need them to make a payment, because. it is produced in cubic meters. Therefore, for calculations, we look only at the “black” numbers that are responsible for the cubes. After you have just installed the meter, write down its readings for yourself. In our case, this is 00000079. After a month, note the readings of the water meter again. For example, they will be 00011879. This means that in a month you consumed 11 cubes and 800 liters of water. For payment, you can round up this figure and pay for 12 cubes.
In order not to have to overpay for water, make sure that all plumbing is in good condition. Are mixers leaking? cistern and if there are any other leaks somewhere. To do this, close all the taps and see if the metal gear is spinning on the water meter display. If not, then everything is working correctly and the water meter will really help you save.
