Wood will always be popular, because it is a beautiful and environmentally friendly material. However, like all natural decorative elements, boards are afraid of moisture, and are a favorite habitat for insects, fungi, mold and other microorganisms. To increase the life of things made from tree species various protective agents and antiseptics are used. Today we will talk about such a wonderful substance as stain, with its help you can not only solve some problems associated with premature damage wooden materials, but also to give your products an unusual and noble appearance.
Wood is a strong and durable material that is affected by adverse factors. environment, therefore, in order to protect products from it from possible damage, it is necessary to process them by special means. On the construction market, you can find a huge number of different antiseptics, varnishes and other impregnations that change the color and some properties of wood, the most popular and inexpensive product is wood stain. Some people think that stains are used only to change the color of an object, but this wonderful drug has other properties.
The properties of stains may vary depending on their composition. However, even if you make such a tint with your own hands, it will still have some protective properties.
Wood stain properties:
- If you want to change not only the color of the wood, but also highlight its texture, then wood stain is just what you need. It does not completely cover the drawing, like paint, but gives the whole product a pleasant shade.
- Wood staining will protect furniture from insects and rot, while preserving the texture and pattern of the wood.
- Stain is a protective agent that increases the service life of wooden objects and costs several times cheaper than varnish and paint. In addition, due to its watery consistency, it penetrates deeper into the wood structure.
- With the help of a stain, you can make even inexpensive pine, painted with colored stain, look like a noble and strong oak and exotic mahogany.
- Stain toning can lighten the wood. This technique is especially often used before painting. wooden products.
- Impregnation with stain will strengthen the structure of the tree and give it a light moisture-proof property.
Not all stains have the above qualities. To understand which stain you need, you need to read its composition, and see what the instructions for use say. By the way, you can process not only whole wooden planks, but also chipboard, plywood or parquet items and other wooden crafts.
Water-based wood stain and alcohol stains
Wood stains on water based- These are the most environmentally friendly beys. They don't have a sharp bad smell and easy to use.
Such a tool can be sold as a dry, or ready-made mixture. Such dyes are most popular due to their low price and the possibility of their use, both for indoor and outdoor use.
The main characteristics of water stain:
- The colors of the water-based stain are very diverse. With their help, you can create a very interesting iridescent effect.
- You can use water beytsy without fear for your health. Even with the most high temperatures, such products do not emit harmful fumes.
- If you decide to experiment, and are wondering: “Which stain to choose so that it can be washed?” - then a water stain is what you need. Such a tinting agent can be easily washed off with water, so it is impossible to paint the floor with it.
- Toning a wooden surface with such a tool makes its texture more noticeable. Unfortunately, because of this, the product becomes more sensitive to moisture, so it will need to be varnished.
It is highly undesirable to tint resinous tree species with such an impregnation, as ugly spots can appear on them. For such products, it is better to use alcohol impregnation.
How long does alcohol impregnation dry? Almost a few seconds! This property is both an advantage and a disadvantage. Thanks to it, you can cover the butt of a sports rifle with alcohol stain, and use it in a few minutes, however, a large area can only be stained with an airbrush, otherwise the surface of the product will be covered with unpleasant streaks and stains, even varnish will not help correct the situation. Consists of alcohol impregnation of alcohol and dyes.
Treating wood with such an impregnation will make it more resistant to ultraviolet radiation and high humidity. However, due to the unpleasant smell of such a product, working with it is possible only in open space.
Benefits of oil-based stains and wax and acrylic stains
Stain on oil based has a wide range of colors and shades. It costs more than water beys, but useful properties she has more. Such a preparation can be used not only to change the color of the product, but also to emphasize its texture.
Treating wood with an oil-based stain is easy and convenient, it is applied in a thin layer and does not lift the fibers of the product. Also, this tinting does not fade under the influence sun rays, gives the tree resistance to temperature extremes and protects it from moisture. You can remove stains of oil stain with the help of White Spirit solvent, it can also lighten the painted wood a little. It differs from compositions similar in properties in that varnish is not needed to fix it. The disadvantages of staining with oil include: long drying of the tint and its toxicity.
It is very important to find a stain from a responsible and conscientious manufacturer. Judging by the reviews, the most popular firms are Vartan, Latek, Novbytkhim and Herlak.
Acrylic and wax stains are very easy to apply, they lay down in a uniform layer and do not leave stains and streaks. However, due to the rapid drying of such stains, you need to work with them very quickly.
Wax stain is used to protect wood from moisture. It can process parquet. This beyz is unstable to mechanical damage, therefore, to extend its service life, it is better to use varnish.
Acrylic, it is also rustic, stain perfectly emphasizes the texture of the tree. With its help, you can get a variety of shades, which is why this drug is so popular. A tree stained with such stain will still need to be opened with several layers of varnish.
Wood stain colors
Wood stains differ not only in composition, they come in different colors and shades. The most commonly used dark mixture, it gives the products a more noble look. With the help of such stains, ordinary larch and maple can turn into an oak board.
Modern stains can give the tree the most unusual shade. However, to this day, the range of natural woody colors is considered the most popular.
The most popular stain colors:
- Pine;
- Birch;
- Bleached walnut;
- Plum; Red tree;
- Olive;
- rosewood;
There are many such examples. It is noteworthy that the names of the same shade for different companies can vary greatly. When choosing a baize color, first of all, pay attention not to color palette, which is printed on the packaging, and samples printed on birch boards.
It is also important to consider that the intensity of the color of the stain depends on the type of wood on which it is applied. It will be more difficult to give a dark shade to a product if the wood from which it is made is lighter than to darken an oak object. Non-aqueous stain will not be able to paint over well enough pine board, if it is not previously desalted, but water-based stains are generally unsuitable for resinous tree species.
White wood stain
To give furniture White color, it is not necessary to paint it. A brightening stain is also suitable for such work, which will not only make the product lighter, but also emphasize its structure.
Wood stain is designed not only to give the product a lighter shade, but also to protect it from the adverse conditions of the outside world. It is very important to consider, when considering different types of such a product, how and on what you will apply it. If there is a risk that moisture will spill onto the surface of the bleached object, then it is best to use wax, oil and acrylic preparations, but if your craft is in a dry and ventilated place, then a water stain will do.
With the help of white stain, you can achieve a very interesting effect and make an aged coating. It must first be painted with a white water-based stain, after it dries, the item must be treated with a stiff brush. A dark-colored wax or oil stain is rubbed into the formed pores on the wood.
When using a water stain, do not forget about the protective layer. The dyed product must be treated with wax or oil.
Light stains do not always have a pronounced color. There is a colorless stain, which is applied solely to protect the tree from adverse natural factors.
How to make a stain with your own hands
It is not necessary to buy a ready-made stain. By mixing dyes, such as coffee, a few drops of iodine or black bark shavings, and some chemical elements, it can be made at home. Homemade stain is not only effective, it is also natural.
- Boil a glass of larch bark in a glass of water. The resulting product can be coated with birch products, it will give them a beautiful reddish tint.
- Crush the dried shell walnut powder and boil for ten minutes. The resulting broth must be mixed with soda. Coat light-colored wood with the solution, and it will take on a brown tint. If you want to change the color of the product, you can treat it with vinegar or potassium bichromate. In the first case, the shade will be gray, and in the second, red.
- Brewed tea or coffee can give the tree different shades. The intensity of the colors depends on the strength of the tea leaves.
- With a solution of potassium permanganate, you will color the product in a cherry color.
- A red tint can be achieved by soaking rusty nails in vinegar for several days. Black stain is obtained by adding a decoction of oak or walnut leaves to the vinegar solution.
Self-stains are made quite often. They are environmentally friendly and harmless. Unfortunately, they all tend to fade, so to preserve the color of the product, a layer of varnish must be applied over the stain.
Wood tinting with wood stain: step by step instructions
To make the product look neat and beautiful, you need to cover it with stain correctly. If the stain is applied poorly, it can fade after a few weeks, and if you do not follow the staining technology, you risk getting a surface covered with stains.
How to properly stain objects:
- First of all, it is necessary to remove a layer from the surface of the product old paint. You can do this with sandpaper.
- Next, the surface is degreased with alcohol, white spirit or gasoline. If the product is made from resinous tree species, then it is deresined.
- The stain is heated and applied in a thin layer to the surface of the product. The top of the item is processed first. Layers are applied from above, one on top of the other, until the desired shade is achieved.
After the stain dries, the product must be covered with several layers of varnish. Before applying a new layer, the dried varnish is treated with fine-grained sandpaper.
Wood stain (video)
Wood stain is a great way to replace one wood color with another. Such funds are different types, they may have various formulations and colors. Use the stain correctly, and you will be rewarded with a beautiful product.
Using in home interior wood, you wonder how long it will last. The answer depends on whether you know how to choose stains and varnishes for internal works on wood. It is also worth considering further use: for furniture, choose non-toxic compounds, for the floor - resistant to abrasion.
We select the mixture according to the type of surface and its further application
Each surface has its own characteristics and risks of damage. To protect the tree and preserve its beauty, you need to carefully choose the composition of the mixture covering it.
The coating may have the following properties:
- toxicity - the safest ones are made on the basis of water, wax and oils. Nitro-varnishes and polyurethane are applied in a respirator;
- drying speed - alcohol-based formulations dry the fastest (almost instantly). Slightly inferior to them are varnishes and stains on the water and nitro-varnishes (about three hours). Oil solutions dry the longest (at least a day);
- the ability to prime small irregularities and porous wood - they are conditionally divided into ready-made self-priming compounds, nitro-varnishes with a large dry residue and varnishes with the addition of a filler;
- wear resistance - the most durable to any damage polyurethane varnish, but with inaccurate use tightly glues the planks. The most unstable nitrocellulose;
- resistance to fire - ready-made fire-resistant varnishes. Fire resistance directly depends on the thickness of the layer;
- lack of smell - there is no fuse at acrylic varnishes and water-based stains. The smell of epoxy and oil compounds disappears up to three days.
They differ in the type of application:
- brush - viscous compositions based on oil, resins and wax are applied;
- spray gun - a mixture based on alcohol and water.
We select stain for interior work with wood
The first thing that interests any person is what visual effect the stain will give, they are repelled from it, choosing the composition.
Choice by visual effect
Wood staining with wood stain is used not only as decorative coating, sometimes toning hides the mistakes of previous experiments or helps to achieve a uniform color for a porous wood product. For tinting, powder stains are used, mixing them with a solution in which the pigment is added.
If you are a follower vintage technology, use organic dyes, they retain color for centuries. Their color scheme is more meager, but if you have a recipe, you can create the same shade after decades.
Using herbal ingredients, you can achieve the following shades:
- red - a decoction of larch bark or onion peel;
- brown - nutshell powder with the addition of soda. If you need a rich color, mix willow and oak bark, alder catkins and walnut shell, on this composition, cook the tincture with the addition of soda;
- gray - after applying stain with nut decoction, soak the surface with vinegar;
- black - with the addition of a decoction of oak or alder bark;
- yellow - mix a decoction of barberry root with alum and boil;
- scarlet - juice composition wolf berries and Glauber's salt;
- blue - juice of wolfberries with the addition of soda;
- green - potash with wolfberry juice.
Powder stain is diluted with a decoction and applied as when diluted with water.
Colorless stain to enhance the natural beauty of wood
This category includes all types of stains, without additives. True, they shade the color of the boards a little. This is due to the type of wood - on dense wood, the natural color will remain, and on the porous structure it will become several tones darker.
Rustic stain for vintage look
There are two ways to get this effect. Buying a ready-made composition with increased seepage into deep layers or applying ordinary stain to a sanded surface, followed by removing it in convex areas. To enhance the contrast, you need to walk along the wood fibers wire brush, then the softer areas will become deeper and darker.
Compositions for multi-colored application
They are used to obtain the color "Arctic oak", "bleached oak" and other options with bleaching. For work, they acquire a water-based stain with white pigment, oil stain and wax. The first layer is applied for bleaching, and the second with a stain mixture with the addition of melted wax. The excess is removed with a rag. The oil soaks into the veins, emphasizing the wood structure.
Not all solvents are universal, some are not suitable for a nursery, but they are indispensable when processing parquet. Before purchasing the composition, decide where it will be used.
Which breeding ground is right for you:
- alcohol - resistant to ultraviolet, does not require additional protection varnish;
- oil - perfect option for beginners without special tools, environmentally friendly and resistant to abrasion;
- wax - not suitable for further coating with polyurethane and two-component acid curing varnish;
- nitro - applied with a spray gun due to capriciousness and frequent stains;
- water - requires grinding after application due to the lifting of the fibers.
It is better to purchase several types than to spoil the product in pursuit of savings.
Protecting wood with varnish
The stain is not able to protect the wood from contact with other objects, therefore, after it has completely dried, it is recommended to varnish the product.
Desired end result:
- glossy - looks good in rooms with poor lighting giving depth to the surface. In a room with bright light, it creates a mirror shine that hides the beauty of the tree;
- matte - retains a natural look;
- mother-of-pearl - during the play of light, internal flicker appears;
- tinted - with the addition of pigment to change the shade.
When applying mother-of-pearl and tinted varnish, do not forget that the color saturation depends on the number of layers.
Varnish types
Like stain, varnishes have various bases, some of them emit toxic substances during operation and require long ventilation.
They are divided into the following types:
- alcohol - most often used for small items by restorers or when processing musical instruments;
- water-soluble - odorless and not afraid detergents, suitable for children's furniture;
- oil - used to cover the floor, shade the wood with yellow;
- alkyd - glyphthalic and pentaphthalic synthetic resin is used as a base;
- polyester - suitable for items with frequent use, form a protective film. Withstand not only washing, but also the ingress of reagents;
- epoxy - the same resistant as polyester, but with more speed drying;
- polyurethane - one of the most resistant, most often cover parquet in in public places and yachts;
- acrylic - used for processing children's toys and furniture, the safest for health.
When mixing, pay attention to the fact that the stain and varnish components do not conflict, but it is better to apply them separately. The varnish prevents the wood stain from penetrating into the wood, so such experiments end up with ugly dark stains and spots on the surface.
Staining wood is a great way to bring out the structure and beauty of wood while giving the elements a unique hue. Wood stain, the color range of which is diverse, does not create an opaque film on the surface, unlike paints and varnishes.
It impregnates the wood and gives it a noble shade. In addition, impregnation protects the plane from the growth of microbes, moisture and fungus.
In contact with
The purpose of the stain
The main task of this material is to emphasize the beauty of the tree. Stain shades, obtained by the interaction of wood with a substance, are so diverse that any old thing play with new colors.
There are several types of wood stains with different bases, which determine the individual properties of the material.
Types of compositions
Stain is a material that can be divided into 2 types: for interior and exterior use. In the second case, manufacturers introduce special pigments into the material that do not allow it to fade in the sun.
The material is gel-like, powder or in the form of a ready-made solution. The composition of the impregnation is:
- water,
- acrylic,
- oil,
- alcohol,
- wax,
- chemical.
Each of these types has advantages and disadvantages that should be considered in detail.
Water based
This impregnation is the most popular and widespread material with a large range of colors. Water stains for wood are commercially available in the form of a ready-made composition or powder, which must be diluted with water.
Advantages:
- non-toxicity;
- a variety of colors (shades from light to deep dark);
- ease of application and low consumption of material;
- low cost.
But there is one significant disadvantage - it is impossible to protect the wood from moisture, as the material will lift the fibers. This drawback can be combated: after impregnation, the swollen fibers are treated with sandpaper, after which they are re-treated. If there is a desire to preserve the structure of wood, then after the first application of the stain, you can cover the surface with a colorless varnish.
Note! The long drying of the plane after applying the stain can be considered a minor drawback.
Based on acrylic resins
Modern innovative material - impregnations made on the basis of acrylic resins. These formulations are represented by an emulsion, which has several advantages:
- ease of application,
- good protection of wood from external influences and moisture,
- large range of colors
- fade resistance,
- little material consumption.
There is only one drawback of acrylic stain - the high cost.
Oil based
In the manufacture of these products, the pigment is dissolved in oil, while the shade of the material can be any. There are a lot of positive aspects of the material:
Among the shortcomings can be identified long time desiccation and slight toxicity.
It should be noted that these impregnations are applied in a very thin layer.
alcohol based
The dye is aniline, it is dissolved in denatured alcohol. You can buy alcohol stain for wood in the form of a powder or solution.
The advantage of this material is its rapid drying. This is important for outdoor use, when the weather can change at any time.
In addition, the impregnation protects the wood from moisture and exposure to sunlight.
Cons of the material:
- Specific pungent odour. When working indoors, good ventilation must be ensured.
- Fast absorption into wood. This will complicate the work, and stains may appear on the surface.
- Application by spray gun, brush or roller. It is impossible to obtain a uniformly painted surface.
Wax based
Wax stain for wood was created recently, but many consumers have already appreciated its advantages. It is easy to apply, effectively protects against moisture and at the same time is an environmentally friendly product.
Based on the above, you can decide which stain better fit for wood, based on their requirements and preferences.
How to choose colors
How to choose stain color? The best option is to apply the composition to a small area of \u200b\u200bwood. It is worth noting that on different surface the color of the impregnation will look different. If a colorless wood stain is used, then the structure and color of the wood is preserved when receiving a protective layer.
If it is not possible to apply the material to a small area, then it is worth considering the following nuances:
- The name of the tone. Typically, manufacturers write the color of the stain based on international classification, however, the saturation and depth on different woods will be different.
- Type of wood. Having absorbed the composition, the tree can become a completely unusual shade.
- Mortar quality. It is worth remembering that the result of staining with materials from different manufacturers will not be the same. Give preference only to trusted manufacturers, well known in the market.
- The density of the composition. If the material is liquid, then you will not get a rich and deep color during processing, since the impregnation will be strongly absorbed into the wood.
If you want to cover a large area with stain, then you should buy material from one manufacturer, otherwise you may not get the desired color. Wood stain treatment is the easiest way to update wood products. It depends on which manufacturer produces the composition, what stain colors are in the tint range.
Material application technology
Applying wood stain to the surface of wood usually does not cause difficulties, but the work requires accuracy and a competent approach. In order for the material to lay evenly and the consumption to be small, it is important to know the nuances of application.
Stain application options
There are several ways to apply stain:
- Spraying. This is the most effective method. The material lays down evenly, while obtaining a deep saturated color over the entire surface. Using a spray gun will help avoid smudges and unpainted areas.
- Trituration. The composition is rubbed over porous wood with a rag. Thanks to this method of application, ordinary wood products acquire a noble oak shade. The composition must be rubbed very carefully, so the use of quick-drying stains should be excluded.
- Application with a sponge or roller. The method is suitable for processing small surfaces. By covering the cut of wood with a sponge, you can get a great color and a protective screen.
- Brush application. This is a common method, since the tool is easy to use, and the impregnation lies evenly. The master can highlight the natural wood ornament and show the pattern in a more advantageous way.
The method of applying stain depends on the type of material and the professional skills of the master. Often you can read about the method of application in the instructions for the material written on the label.
Application rules
It doesn't matter how many times the surface is covered. The main thing is to adhere to a certain technique and take into account the nuances:
- Do not apply stain several times in one place, otherwise dark spots will be visible on the surface.
- The raised wood fibers must be cleaned off with a coarse mesh (you should move along the fibers).
The drying time for alcohol solutions is a maximum of 3 hours, for oil solutions - 3 days.
Important! The rules for applying stain for oak are the same for both exterior and interior work. When using alcohol formulations, it is worth remembering safety measures, since the solution is very toxic.
Surface tinting - step by step instructions
Surface tinting is carried out in the following order:
- The wood is cleaned of the old coating, all uneven areas are cleaned with sandpaper.
- The stain prepared according to the instructions is poured into the bath.
- A small amount of the composition is drawn onto the tool and evenly distributed over the surface.
- The material is not applied immediately in a thick layer, since the stain consumption will be high, and the coating will be of poor quality.
Coating flaws and their elimination
Were there any defects when applying the impregnation? There are several tricks to eliminate them without repainting the surface.
Sagging on wood is easy to fix if you find it before the surface is completely dry. Apply a little impregnation and clean the area with a rag. If the impregnation has already dried, the streak can be removed with a planer or sandpaper.
No matter how evenly you apply the material, stains can form - the whole reason is in the wood, which absorbs the composition unevenly. In this case, the surface must be treated with a planer and coated with a gel impregnation that does not absorb into the wood and lays down evenly.
Useful video: how to choose wood stain
Now you know what wood stain is and what it is for. And using our recommendations, you will be able to process any wooden surface on one's own.
Stain - a coloring composition, usually soluble in water, used to color the surfaces of wood products. Another name for stains is stain.
The composition of stains is designed in such a way that during surface treatment, the substance does not impregnate the wood structure, but simply gives it a different color.
Stain is used to hide the natural color of wood. Also to give surfaces a new look.
All stains according to the main material used for their manufacture are divided into 3 categories:
Water-based wood stain
The base of the stain is water. The product is produced in several varieties: ready-to-use, as well as in the form of a powder that must be dissolved in water. This variety is the most common and allows you to paint surfaces in any color shades, mostly shades of wood. The disadvantage of water-based stains is that when applied, the material lifts the fibers of the wood. This fact emphasizes the structure of the tree, but at the same time, the expanded fibers perfectly absorb moisture. To avoid such a phenomenon, it is necessary to moisten the tree with water before applying the stain, keeping it in the water for some time. Next, the product is rubbed with abrasive material and the stain is applied as the last step. The advantage of water-based stains is that they do not have any odors, which does not harm human health;
Alcohol based wood stain
The main component of stain is alcohol. In this embodiment, the stain is a solution of the aniline dye in denatured alcohol. The described variety is produced in the same way as stain with a water base, in two versions - a ready-made product for use and in powder form. The disadvantage of this type of stain is their rapid drying, which is the cause of stains. Application of such material by hand presents difficulties due to the uneven color of the resulting coating. Best result will observe when using spray guns;
Oil-based wood stain
The base of the stain is oil. This basis allows you to give the processed object any of the available color shades tree. This is made possible by mixing dyes that dissolve in oils. To prepare stains for use, they must be diluted with white spirit. This variety is not difficult to apply. The treated surface dries quickly, the coating is applied evenly, without swelling the wood fibers.
There are also stains based on acrylic and wax. These types are designed in such a way that they do not have the disadvantages that are described for the above listed varieties: wood fibers do not swell, do not leave stains, and the applied coating protects the wood from moisture. When water is spilled on surfaces treated with acrylic and wax stains, water droplets scatter.
Acrylic wood stain
Acrylic-based stains do not have specific odors, and are also fireproof. When applying them, it is necessary not to “sort out” with the thickness of the applied coating
Wood stain wax
Wax stains add brightness to surfaces, and are applied to the surface by bending or rubbing with a soft cloth, applying a little effort.
But besides the fact that these varieties protect surfaces, they themselves also need protective treatment. As protective coating wood stains are used for wood stains. Only stains based on acrylic and wax have different colors, perfectly highlighting the structure of the wooden surface. For this reason, both varieties are called rustic.
Self-made stains to a greater extent transform wooden surfaces. Looks good strong fat larch bark, carrying a red tint.
A variety of colors are obtained by decoction of finely chopped walnut shells. Next, baking soda is added to the solution through a fine sieve. A tree coated with a similar composition has Brown color. To give a reddish tint, after drying the surface, it can be treated with a solution of potassium dichromate.
Gray tones to wood treated with walnut shell mortar. Can be given by rubbing with a dilute solution of acetic acid.
Alder bark, or rather its decoction, gives the processed objects deep dark colors. A uniform shade of brown is obtained by combining uniform amounts of oak bark, willow and walnut shells. All components are filled with water and brought to a boil. The next step is to add 0.5 teaspoon baking soda and cook for another 10 minutes.
Coffee gives the tree an unusual color. The various shades of brown are determined by the amount of coffee added. Coffee is brewed with soda and the solution is applied hot.
There is also a classification of stains according to their intended purpose: for surface treatment indoors, as well as for outdoor processing. Stains for outdoor use contain a special substance that does not allow it to fade when exposed to ultraviolet rays.
When choosing a stain application tool, it is necessary to pay attention to the following factors:
- Depending on the size of the area of the treated object, an ordinary brush, a foam rubber swab, as well as pneumatic sprayers can be used. There are no special indications for the use of the subject for application. But when using nitro-based stains, which tend to dry quickly, the use of brushes and swabs is accompanied by the appearance of stains, and therefore it is better to use sprayers, not paying attention to the area of the treated surfaces. The remaining types of stains are applied using any tool, paying attention only to the surface area;
- To achieve a rich surface color, surface treatment should be carried out in several layers. The next layer must be applied after the previous one has completely dried. It is also necessary to dry completely before applying the top coat of stain or varnish.
Wood stain colors
Few people know the fact that one surface can be treated with stains of various colors. This method is used to emphasize the structure of the tree, as well as to give the effect of antiquity. Colors " white oak” and “Arctic oak” are reproduced by mixing two types of stains.
First of all, a wood bleaching agent is used (a white stain, the main component of which is water), then, after this layer has dried, all defects in the wood are filled with an oil-based stain containing hard wax. Wax, getting into these pores, clogs them and gives a gray or black tint, depending on the chosen color of the oil. Attention is attracted by the fact that the remaining bleached part has an unchanged color, even when treated with a thin protective film of wax or oil coating.
When combining various types and colors of stains, it is possible to obtain unusual effects. The bottom line is that first of all, a general layer of the surface is applied, and then the final touches are already applied when applying stains of other colors. You can’t do it in the reverse order, since the treated wooden surface can no longer accept oil stain. Also, do not forget about finishing stage finishes - varnishing.
It is no secret to anyone that the number of layers of stain determines the final color of the tree. Choosing the right shade of color can be determined only after a test coloring.
First of all, the wooden "stub" must be sanded and cleaned. Next, the first layer of stain is applied. It is necessary to wait for it to dry completely, after which a second layer is applied, but not on the entire length of the board, but on a certain part of it. The third layer is also applied to a smaller part of the second layer. After the final drying of all layers of stain, it is possible to determine the desired color of the treated coating.
It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that hardwoods woods absorb various compositions of stains, and coniferous varieties, due to the presence of a considerable amount of resins, have the least absorbency.
related materials
Olympic MAXIMUM® Weather-Ready Unique Improved Wood Paint
The unique Olympic MAXIMUM ® Weather-Ready Advanced Wood Paint is made using a special technology that ensures perfect painting of wooden surfaces even when high humidity, which can be applied to the surface in almost all weather conditions, both in heat and cold, and even if the wood is wet. And all this is now possible in a shorter period of time. Thanks to the unique Olympic MAXIMUM ® Weather-Ready paint, wood surface painting will no longer be dependent on weather conditions and consumers will not have to wait for good weather to apply. painting work. This paint opens up more options for you, and you can paint wood flooring when it suits you, not when the weather permits.
Fashion on natural materials in construction, furniture production, interior decoration has already become a tradition. And it is wood that continues to be in trend due to its environmental and aesthetic properties. But, unlike artificial materials, wooden coatings and structures can deteriorate under the influence of adverse environmental factors, such as moisture, direct sunlight.
Wooden houses are in great demand, it is worth remembering that they require special care. To protect buildings from external factors, you should pay attention to wood stains. In the house, almost all wooden surfaces and furniture can be covered with this tool.
Peculiarities
Wood stain is a dark liquid that is applied to a wooden surface to obtain certain color, toning a more even texture, or in order to emphasize the structure of the desired object. It is often used as a protective agent for plywood, fiberboard and chipboard from various negative factors, such as mold and rot.
There are many varieties of this tool. Each has its own properties that should be taken into account, because the final result depends on this. The features of the substance are different, for example, quick drying, toxicity, the ability to prime some irregularities. There are liquids that have an odor, while others are characterized by its complete absence.
Also, do not forget that different kinds stains should be applied in different ways. For example, more liquid mixture it is best to apply with a spray gun, and for a very thick solution, a brush is better.
Most important condition to prepare the mixture for application to working materials - this is a clean surface of the building material. It should not have old paint or other coatings on it. It is desirable to get rid of debris and dust, otherwise this application will be meaningless. In order for the stain to fit well on the material, it is best to sand it, and in many cases also sand it, then the color will turn out to be more saturated, and the tinting will not necessarily be applied a second time. Of course, to be sure of the effect, you should try how easy it is to apply and how well it fits on the surface. Wood stains are budget option, which is another indisputable advantage.
It is not necessary to use the stain as a tint, it can be used as a protection against external factors: ultraviolet radiation, moisture and other vagaries of nature. If you need to give the wooden surface a different color, then after a certain preparation of the surface, you can use any paint. The choice is individual. It will perfectly lie on the surface treated with stain.
Diversity
Today, many modern manufacturers of wood stains offer a wide range of products. Among the proposed assortment, you can easily choose the best option depending on the purpose of use. The following types of stains can be distinguished:
- alkyd liquid is the most dense stain in structure, used for both exterior and interior wood finishing. It is also commonly called oil;
- aquatic tinting is the easiest to apply. It is applied easily, absorbed almost instantly (approximate drying time - 12 hours), is completely non-toxic and does not have a pungent odor;
- rustic stain is ideal for lovers of parquet floors in vintage style. It gives any floor a beautiful antique touch;
- alcohol tinting is in great demand, characterized by quick drying;
- powder options require compliance with the correct proportion of the preparation of the stain for use, without deviating from the instructions in the instructions;
- nitro models are solvent based.
Liquids are used for both external and internal work.
Choosing a painting tool
When applying stain on a wooden surface, it is necessary to take into account not only its properties and qualities, but also the specifics of the materials, and even the quality of the brush.
To apply the liquid, you need to use brushes made of artificial fibers, as they are stronger, their fibers will not crumble when painting. A brush made of natural fibers will leave fine hairs on the surface, which will look very ugly. Natural brushes are unreliable as they will stick to the surface. It is necessary to paint with a brush along the fibers for better absorption into the surface.
Spray guns or spray guns are used for staining when the liquid is not suitable for brush application. Some liquids need to be applied evenly to avoid staining the wood.
The spray gun can be adjusted to suit your hand, so as not to catch a comfortable distance when painting, but it is convenient to use this equipment.
Color solutions
The stain is represented by many different shades, allowing you to quickly and easily give the desired shade to the wooden coating. The color scheme is varied. Exists wide choose palette of colors of water stain.
Colored stain allows you to completely change the appearance of a wooden coating. It is made in the following colors:
- pine - very close to the original shade, it makes the coating almost invisible;
- marigold is a very beautiful dark color;
- oak - a very commonly used dark brown shade;
- mahogany - often used as a cover for tables and chairs, after application they look more noble;
- ebony - after coating, it gives the tree a visually antique texture, flooring after using this shade, it is customary to also call the living floor, since each strip, each knot stands out;
- light walnut - the treated surface resembles a freshly sawn tree, it is usually applied to protect the tree, since the color of the wood practically does not change;
- cherry - there are two types: regular and dark;
- bleached oak- gives a very interesting white color to the tree, lays down well, without painting over the texture of the tree;
- fern - this color got such unusual name, because it is similar to the plant after which it is named. He is presented as pleasant in green, which is well suited for furniture in kindergartens;
- blue - the cold texture becomes warmer when applied to the surface and looks great;
- wenge is a noble, gloomy brown color that is similar to the color of oak;
- mahogany - does not require re-application, fits tightly and tints the surface well;
- lemon - yellow when applied again, it becomes more contrasting;
- plum - a pleasant dark pink color, a very warm shade;
- black - often used in the manufacture of ship models, as well as to give antiquity to the floor or furniture;
- rowan is a pale beige, nondescript color that requires reapplication, and sometimes it is more like a pale pink;
- maple is a delicate, beautiful peach shade;
- mocha - the color of freshly brewed coffee;
- larch - represented by a dark yellow or orange tint;
- bog or gray oak - has a matte finish, after application it is better to varnish, used for painting modern furniture;
- ash - practically leaves the original appearance, only gives a light pink tint;
- hazelnut - looks like a nut shell, it is applied to the array for a deep effect.
- blue - reminiscent of wolf berries.
How to cook with your own hands?
Another unexpected solution in the world of repair is a do-it-yourself stain. Usually it is used by lovers of experiments. If the required color of the stain is not on sale, then you can create such an acrylic-based product of a certain color yourself. Like the alcohol liquid, the acrylic-based stain is easy to apply and mixes very easily. It is also suitable for both internal and external work, and is no different from a simple solution.
To prepare wood stain yourself, you need to take a regular jam jar small size. You also need iron shavings or small nails large enough to fit in the jar. You should send the iron to the jar and pour vinegar on top of it. Leave for 5-6 days. The vinegar will take on the color of a stain, but may become either darker or lighter. This will depend on how long the iron stays in the liquid. After the appearance of a shade, the iron must be pulled out of the can and you can try to apply stain to the desired surface.
To prepare the stain, you can use a colorant - this is acrylic paint very thick composition, so its colors are pure without mixing. The preparation recipe is simple: to create a liquid, you need to dilute the paint and water in a ratio of 2: 1. This option is characterized by density, so it is used to create dark shades. When stirring, it is recommended to achieve a creamy liquid. When it turns out, you need to check whether such a concentration of the solution is suitable. If you want the effect of shop liquid, it should be diluted as watery as possible.
Trying to apply a hand-made stain on the surface should be done with a brush, like a regular alcohol one. There are many ways to make liquid with your own hands, but this one is one of the simplest and most reliable. When using it, you can get the desired shade without a doubt.
