The choice of a planer becomes no less important process than the direct use of the tool. Planer - indispensable tool any carpenter, whether amateur or professional. With it, any wood surface is processed. On this moment There are two main types: the manual one, which is the traditional instrument, and the electric instrument, which is gradually replacing its predecessor. That is, the second type is better. Below are the characteristics of the planers and how to choose it.
What is a hand planer made of?
This type of planer, as a rule, consists of the following elements:
- a body on which other constituent elements are attached;
- a slot from which chips are ejected and in which a knife is fixed;
- knife or cutter - a sharpened steel plate that directly cuts the material;
- a wedge or clamp with which the knife is pressed against the body;
- chip removal thickness control;
- two handles (front and back);
- chip breaker, which breaks and rolls chips;
- cutting width regulator;
- frog - a metal plate that adjusts the angle of the knife.
How to choose a hand planer?
Small planes are used to correct mistakes and more fine work.
When choosing a manual planer, you need to know its functional features:
- the material is directly processed by a cutter installed in a special hole;
- the degree of sharpening of the cutter corresponds to the quality of wood processing;
- the correct choice of the angle of placement of the knife reduces the likelihood of creases during operation.
When choosing a planer, it is best to pay attention to the following characteristics:
- how well the cutter is sharpened;
- gap - the wider it is, the better quality processing;
- the angle of inclination and cutter, which is inherent in each type of work.
Depending on the goals to be achieved, the following planes are distinguished:
- Planers: plane damaged or uneven surfaces.
- Small planers: for finer work and correcting mistakes.
- Jointers: for surfaces with large parameters.
- Sherhebel: for the initial processing of wood.
electric planer
However, it should be remembered that an electric planer has a significant advantage over a manual one: high performance under conditions of a larger amount of work, a small amount of effort expended, a more perfect result, etc. The electric planer consists of the following elements:
- the case where the main parts of the tool are located;
- handle (one or two) for guiding the tool;
- start button and lock button (prevents arbitrary start of the tool);
- processing thickness regulator;
- chip ejection pipe;
- parallel stop;
- sole, which consists of a rough part that contacts the surface during processing, and a smooth back part;
- drum, where tungsten or steel knives are installed;
- knives;
- an electric motor driving a drum with knives;
- belt-transmission from the motor to the knives.
Electric planers are typically 600 to 900 watts in power and over 10,000 rpm in speed. At the same time, the higher the power and speed, the better the quality of processing. Household planers are characterized by lower power and speed. Professional planers, respectively, have above average speed and power.
It should be remembered that amateur planers periodically need rest due to overheating, professional planers work much longer.
How to choose an electric planer?
It is necessary to decide on the tasks before choosing electric planer. When choosing an electric planer, one should be guided by technical and functional indicators.
Technical indicators when choosing a planer. Knife width and quality - a wide cutter means fewer passes for surface treatment. This ensures not only the quality of processing, but also reduces the amount of time for its implementation.
The amount of power. This indicator indicates the performance of the electric planer and the quality of the work performed. Accordingly, the higher the power, the better these indicators.
Number of turns. Like the previous point, a high number of revolutions provides smoother and better processing. Fixed mount function. Allows you to use the planer as planer and point the board at him.
Estimated hours of operation. Based on the functional purpose of the model (household or professional use) fluctuates the possible allowable period of operation. So, professional electric planers have no restrictions, while amateur ones do. For example, 20 min. work and then a 10 minute break.
Availability of accessories for sample quarters. These are additions to the specific models planes, which allow you to adjust the parameters of the depth and width of the sample. Thanks to these functions, it is possible to tightly join boards to each other.
The choice of a planer based on functional indicators involves paying attention to the following.
Sole. It consists of two parts. The back, which is in contact with the already treated surface, must be very smooth so as not to scratch the wood. The front end can be rougher as it comes in contact with the raw wood. During work, an air gap appears between the surface and the sole, which negatively affects the accuracy of work and the thickness of the cut. This problem is eliminated by placing parallel or V-shaped grooves on the sole, which provide chamfering. It is better to give preference to planers with adjustable sole height.
Pens. Planers can be either with only one rear handle, or with two - front and back. Given the bulkiness of the tool, planers with two handles are more reliable. The front handle ensures the direction of the planer in the right direction, the rear one - the application of the necessary physical force.
Chip thickness regulator. As a rule, the step of the regulator is 0.1 mm. Most models of electric planers have a regulator scale from 0 to 3 mm, however, some remove chips even at a value of 0. Therefore, it is better to choose planers with a scale from 0 to 3 mm, and if possible with a minus value.
Knives. Two removable tungsten carbide blades are placed on the planer drum. Sometimes the manufacturer installs steel knives. They are more durable, they can be removed, sharpened and further use. Steel knives are heavier in their fit to the planer drum. Some planers have only one helical blade, which provides faster and better chip removal. Replacing such a knife is not difficult.
Security elements. These include the lock button, which is located next to the power button. Without pressing the first button, the second will not work. This prevents the tool from running randomly. It is also important to have protective elements knives: plates on the sides of the planer that cover the edges of the drum, as well as a stop that protects the fingers and the surface from contact with the knives.
Chip ejection. A huge number of chips are produced when working with a planer, flying, including on the carpenter. Advantages are planers in which the direction of ejection of chips is adjustable. The ability to attach a garbage bag is important, but it should not be bulky. This issue can also be solved by attaching a planer to a vacuum cleaner.
The presence of a mount that ensures the use of a planer as a carpentry machine. This increases the versatility of this tool. Side stops, depth gauges. Their presence allows the carpenter to comfortably adjust the width and depth of the cut of the chips.
Ease of use. Comfortable handles with thoughtful button positions provide more comfortable work prevent premature fatigue in the worker.
It is not enough to choose a planer suitable for your tasks, it is important not to forget about buying a quality power cord of the right length.
- flat planing
- Figure planing
Zenzubel, tongue-and-groove, falzgebel, kalevka are the names of a manual planer. The article describes what this or that tool is intended for, how the devices differ from each other.
flat planing
Single
Designed for leveling the wood surface, equipped with a straight blade with a slightly rounded edge. Tools do not leave burrs, irregularities - they are used for fine planing of wood after rough processing.
Double
The trimming type of planers, in addition to processing the ends, is used for finishing the alignment of wooden material. The main blade is duplicated by a chip breaking knife.
Sherhebeli
They are distinguished by a rounded blade set at an angle of 45 ° relative to the sole. Thanks to the oval edge wooden material can be processed across the fibers. To remove thick chips, the hole for its exit exceeds the parameters of a standard tool by 3–5 mm. The device allows you to give the workpieces the desired configuration, but with its help you cannot get a smooth surface, the product must be modified with a jointer.
Sanders
This is a grinding planer with a double knife and a chipbreaker located at an angle of 50° to the working sole. The device is used for grinding, obtaining perfectly smooth surfaces.
jointers
Used for leveling edges and planes. Finishing of large surfaces is ensured by a sharp knife with a chipbreaker and an extended shoe.
Tsinubeli
Equipped with a single serrated blade. After passing through wood or plywood, a corrugated surface is left. The grooves formed by the cutter contribute to better adhesion of the parts to which the adhesive is applied.
Peeling
Are intended for alignment of end faces in plasterboard plates. No need to sand after using them. sheet material. The design feature of the tool is that the cutting blade has the shape of a grater.
Figure planing
Planers classified in this category are designed for processing grooves, protrusions, edges.
Zensubeli
With their help, quarters are selected and cleaned, rectangular cuts, grooves, folds are formed, and perpendicular elements of the workpieces are planed. The zenzubel cutter is made in the form of a blade with a straight or oblique cutting edge, it depends on how the knife is fixed relative to the sole. The oblique blade has two cutting edges, mutual sharpening is applied to them. Zenzubel are used where it is necessary to form a groove " dovetail". Even cutting across the fibers gives a perfectly smooth surface.
It is better to start choosing a quarter with a false gebel, and use the zenzubel for finishing work.
Kantenhobels
This is an edge selector used for chamfering, processing ends, edges, bringing to the specified dimensions.
The main difference between the Kantenhobel and other planes is the trapezoid shape of the blade.
Some models may be equipped with two cutting elements. Depending on the location of the knife, you can cut along the edge at an angle. At the same time, a fold is formed for the future joining of two parts, gaps are excluded.
sheet piles
They are used to select longitudinal groove. The groove consists of two blocks connected by screws. One of them serves as a guide, the second serves as a mount for the blade. With the help of an adjustable stop, the edge of the groove can be set at the desired distance from the edge. Thanks to the persistent protrusion, the penetration occurs to the required parameters, while the blade does not bend.
federgubeli
Figured end planer is designed to form a longitudinal protrusion along the edge of the workpiece. This is provided by a blade having an opening in the center. After passing along the edge, a ridge remains. It fits into the groove. As a result, two parts are connected.
Kalevki
Equipped with a replaceable blade with a curly cutting edge. They have a multi-step sole. The tool is most often used for the manufacture of decorative parts: cornices, baguettes, etc. wooden elements.
Falzgebels
Necessary for selecting a groove along the edge of the workpiece without preliminary marking. Includes a multi-step sole. A wide block helps to form grooves of the same size. If it is necessary to process the vertical wall of the quarter, an additional side cutter is installed on the folded edge.
Shtapy
Designed for rounding the edges of parts. These planes have a blade, the edge of which is provided with a semicircular recess. There is a concave sole. When processing the edge of rectangular ends of parts, the knife removes chips in such a way that the edge acquires a rounded shape.
Making a planer with your own hands
The photo shows a drawing with the designation of the dimensions of each part.
The blade and chipbreaker are best purchased at hardware store. The price for them is low. The dimensions of the body are usually determined by the dimensions of the blade.
The block is cut from hard rock tree. Its workpiece must exceed in size ready product by 40–50 mm. Vertical and oblique lines are applied to the side faces with an extension to the remaining sides. On drilling machine a hole with a diameter of 6 mm is formed in the center of the workpiece, then the same holes (4 pcs.) are drilled on both sides in the corners. “Cheeks” are sawn off from the workpiece, then markings are applied to the place of the cut.
When cutting the “heel” and “toe”, the saw should pass close to the lines.
The block is being assembled. To do this, the “cheeks”, “heel” and “sock” are glued together. After the glue dries, the lower part of the block is sanded. The thickness of the sole is marked with a pencil, excess material is removed with a saw (the cut is used to make a wedge). Then the protruding edges are sawn off. They should be equal to the "cheeks".
Oblique marking lines from the "cheeks" are extended to the lower part of the sole, a hole is drilled (see photo).
Copies are created of the side template of the last and its attachment to one of the "cheeks". A hole is cut through which the planer blade will pass. A brass rod is glued into the “cheeks” hole, the shape of the block is adjusted to the specified parameters. Then the pad is sanded to smoothness. A wedge is cut out of a piece of wood, it must fit tightly between the blade and the brass rod.
The blade projection is adjusted using wooden mallet. To do this, you need to lightly hit the "heel". The blade will need to be sharpened periodically. The angle of sharpening the cutter of a planer with a piece of iron tilted at 45 ° is usually 30 °. It is suitable for planing soft and hard wood.
A hand planer is a woodworking tool that has long been used for planing. To this day, he does not lose popularity in private workshops. With this device, you can give wooden surface the desired roughness, flatness, straightness or shape by reducing the dimensions of the parts. A planer is also used for making extended grooves, which can have different shapes - these can be tongues or quarters.
Description
The hand planer is no longer so popular today, it is being replaced by tools that are powered by electricity and can meet the needs of mass production. Today, automated lines run everything. However, if you want to make a stool or chair in your garage, then you can think of the good old planer.
Its main parts are:
- piece of iron (knife);
- wedge;
- block.
Depending on the equipment, purpose and dimensions accessories, the planer can be divided into many types and subspecies. Mechanical planers are made of metal, plastic, and a combination of these materials. In terms of functionality, they are almost the same, but specifications depend on the material that forms the basis of the case.
Electric models are supplemented with an engine that provides a more impressive amount of work. With this tool, you can achieve high speed wood processing. One of the most popular household woodworking tools today are wooden planers.
The main types of planers and their purpose
A hand planer can be classified according to the type of planing: it can be profiled or flat. These tools are also divided according to the profile, the size of the pads and the angle of the knife. Among other varieties, one can single out a sherhebel, which is a tool for rough planing. It has a flat sole pad and has rounded cutter blades.
If you have a device with two handles and an elongated body, then this is a bear. It has the appearance of a single or double planer, which is intended for rough planing. Additionally, the tool is supplied with a chip breaker.
A manual planer can be represented by a semi-joiner or a jointer, the difference of which is a long large block. It is intended for fine planing, fitting parts, planing of large planes, during which a ruler is used.
If extra-clean planing is required, a grinder is used, which has a double knife. It has a chipbreaker in its design, and the double knife is set at an impressive angle, which is 50° instead of 45°. To create small tracks on the surface, a cynubel is used, after processing with which the parts can be glued together.
To select quarters, a selector is used, which is also called a zenzubel. For stripping quarters, a false heel is used, while a sheet pile can be used to select a sheet pile. The scraping of surfaces is carried out using a tool of the same name, and the operation is a finish before applying primers. As distinguishing feature of these works is the absence of abrasive particles that remain inside the wood during grinding.
However, scraping has a drawback, which is expressed in the excessive complexity of the operation. The advantage can be called a flat surface and fineness of the chips. To process curly edges, a moulder is used, while an American or a hunchback has a curvilinear block. It is used for curved surfaces, which can be concave or convex.
To give the details a rounded shape, a headstock is used. The knife edge of this tool has a concave shape, while the fillets are convex.
Additional types
A screw is narrower than a sherhebel. It is intended for surface treatment at the initial stage. This planer has an iron cutter that is not straight. It has a rounded shape, so when planing it is possible to obtain long grooves.
To form a trapezoidal phase, a primer is used. With this tool, wood is processed across the grain. The design of the tool has pads and cutters that look like a pointed hook.
A more detailed description of the sherhebel
If we consider the carpentry tool more closely, then we can pay attention to the features of the sherhebel. It represents heavy artillery among a variety of similar devices. It is used when planing material that has not been processed before. This device is quite heavy and massive, as it has a metal case.
Its main purpose is primary processing, after which products acquire desired shape and sizes. This is used for planing to an impressive depth, when it is necessary to remove a rather thick layer of wood. With the help of a sherhebel, it is unlikely that it will be possible to achieve a flat and smooth surface. For this, other types of planers are used. By appearance its design resembles an ordinary planer, but the piece of iron in it is set at an angle of 45 ° and has rounded blades.
Processing Features
In one pass, using the described tool, you can remove a layer of up to 3 mm. In those places where the wood was processed, rather deep hollows remain, so they have to be leveled in the future. Scherhebel has an oval-shaped cutting edge, so it can be used to process wood across the grain. The sharpening angle may vary, depending on the hardness of the wood.
Description of the professional planer brand Groz 39701
This planer (manual professional) is a fairly popular model. It has a length of 260 mm and a weight of 1.7 kg. The cutting width is 50 mm. The tool is of high quality, has a solid strong base, which is made of gray cast iron. Tool steel forms the basis of the blade, which is removed and has long term use.
The hardness of the material is equal to the limit of 50-60HRC, it contains a high amount of chromium. The tool has been ground for predictable, consistent and sharp results and is manufactured with the utmost precision. This planer for wood (manual), according to consumers, has only one drawback, which is that when it hits a nail, the blade suffers significantly.
Description of the Zubr brand mini-planer
If you are interested in a manual mini-planer, then you can consider the Zubr model, the body of which is made of high-quality gray cast iron. The blade is made of U8A steel and complies with state standards. It provides the possibility of multiple refinement working surface. This manual planer, the price of which is 970 rubles, has plastic at the base of the handle. The length of the sole is 250 mm while the width is 50 mm.
Conclusion
You can purchase a knife for a manual planer additionally, its cost is 198 rubles. But when choosing the main device, you need to pay attention to the presence of a chipbreaker, which is also called a humpback. Its lower edge is parallel to the cutting edge of the knife. The distance between these elements can vary from 0.2 to 2 mm. The closer the bottom edge is, the wider the planing.
When choosing a tool, you must also consider what stage of wood processing it is intended for. For example, double planer used for finishing - it can be used to clean up burrs. If you direct the double planer at an angle of 40 ° to the longitudinal axis, then with the help of the tool it will be possible to plan the ends of the workpieces.
It is difficult to imagine carpentry work without the use of special tools; this purpose is served by a planer, sherhebel, jointer and other specialized devices. Each of them performs its own tasks. It is impossible to manage carpentry work only with a planer.
All types of planers for rough and fine woodworking
Different types of planers are used for various types of wood processing. Most often used for carpentry:
Pioneer for wood billet
Scherhebel is a real "heavy artillery" among carpentry tools. It is used for planing wood that has not previously undergone any processing. When planing with a sherhebel, only the necessary shape and dimensions of the workpiece are achieved, but to achieve a smooth, flat surface will not work. For this purpose, other types of planers are used.
With the help of a sherhebel, only rough processing of the wood surface is performed. Unlike a planer, it allows you to plan to a greater depth, easily cutting off even significant irregularities. The design of the tool, outwardly resembling a conventional planer, has its own characteristics that make it easier to perform rough processing of a wooden surface. Unlike other tools, the sherhebel iron has a rounded blade and is set at an angle of 45 ° to the sole. The sharpening angle may vary depending on the hardness of the wood being processed.
For planing soft rocks, a sharpening angle of 25-30 ° is sufficient; for processing hard rocks, the blade is sharpened at an angle of 35 °.
In the standard design of the sherhebel, the blade (iron) has a width of 35 mm. Sizes may vary on some models. The width of the pad is larger than the blade size by about 15 mm. The chip hole in the sherhebel is larger than in the planer, about 3-5 mm. As noted above, rough wood processing does not allow to achieve a flat, smooth surface. The blade will leave groove-like marks on the wood. To eliminate them, a planer is used, finishing.
How is a wooden and metal sherhebel arranged?
The sherhebel block can be made of wood or metal. Depending on the material of manufacture of the pad, the design of the tool will vary slightly. Wooden sherhebels are produced in accordance with GOST 14666-79. In accordance with the standard, their design includes a rectangular body, horns for resting hands during work, a knife, a clamping wedge for the blade, a sole, a cork. The design of some models may additionally include a stop for the blade. The surface of the wooden elements in the construction of the sherhebel is varnished, which provides wear resistance and an increase in the service life of the tool.
In accordance with GOST, the following materials are used for the manufacture of sherhebels:
- block - made of hardwood;
- sole (according to GOST 2695-83) made of hornbeam, maple, ash, beech, white acacia;
- pad pad - from the above wood species, as well as birch, elm;
- knives are made of double-layer steel. The main layer according to GOST 1050-88 from steel grade 30, or according to GOST 1435-99 from steel grades U8, U8A, U9. For the cladding layer, steel grades 9KhF, 9Kh5VF, Kh6VF, 9KhS are used (in accordance with GOST 5950-2000). It is also acceptable to use other steels that correspond in terms of resistance to the grades listed above.
In the metal version, the body is cast. The handle-horn is tightly fixed in it. To support the carpenter's hands during work, a large handle is installed. The knife is fixed with a screw connection between the clamp and the base of the body. Unlike wooden models, metal ones are more wear resistant. However, craftsmen prefer to use wood carpentry tools as they provide best quality processing.
How to use the tool correctly?
The use of sherhebel is rough planing of wood. During this operation, chips are removed from the workpiece by means of reciprocating movements of the plow. A tool in a metal case processes hardwood or chipboard blanks. Experts advise to perform the main work on wood processing with tools in a wooden case, as they provide better sliding on the surface of the workpiece.
The design of the sherhebel is distinguished by the presence of a rounded blade, which allows you to remove significant unevenness from the surface of the workpiece. ty. In this way, wood is prepared for further processing and fine leveling. Unlike carpentry planers, sherhebels have big sizes. They are massive and heavy.
To ensure high-quality processing of the workpiece, it must be carefully fixed. The best way to do this is with carpentry workbench. If this is not possible, you can use regular table to which the workpiece is attached with clamps. The place of processing should be located as close as possible to the vise. During operation, smooth, even, reciprocating movements are performed. The force is applied while the tool is moving forward. The return movement allows you to return the tool to its original position, so it is always performed passively, without effort.
If the blade of the planer is dull ...
Not only the workpiece should be prepared for work, but also the tools and fixtures used. The knife must be sharpened at the required angle (depending on the hardness of the wood being processed). The position of the knife in the body carpentry tool must be carefully adjusted. The sharpening of the cutting blade is carried out on a bar fixed on a workbench or table. It is necessary to draw along the bar with the lower edge of the knife (bevel). The pressure is applied when moving away from you, while the chamfer should be completely adjacent to the stone.
It is almost impossible to imagine joinery or carpentry work without the use of a whole arsenal of special devices like a planer or a jointer, or a sherhebel. Each of these instruments, which are similar in principle, has an individuality, a unique disposition. Today, when mass production occupies a leading position and all processes are automated, including in the woodworking industry, hand tool more and more history. It is unlikely that anyone is now making stools in their garage, but it's time to remember the school lessons of labor training and pay tribute to the archaic traditional planes.
The main components of any planer are: a piece of iron (knife), block, wedge. Planes can be further subdivided into various groups depending on the dimensions, purpose and additional equipment.
Planer types
From the great variety of existing variations of planers, we can distinguish:
- manual or mechanical . Can be either completely made of PVC, metal or wood, or a combination of these materials; depends on this aspect technical properties construction tool. In terms of functionality, the planers do not have significant differences.
- Electrical . Equipping with an electric motor expands the functionality and increases the efficiency and productivity of the planer, allowing you to achieve more results with less labor.
- wooden planers are the most popular at home.
Pioneers of woodworking
Sherhebel
The most iconic examples of hand carpentry tools should be called:
- Sherhebel - widely used for initial work with wood that has not yet been pre-treated. It was the sherhebel from the entire line of similar tools that appeared first. This is a heavy and powerful device in a steel case. Intended for primary processing, giving the workpiece the planned size and shape and deep planing with the removal of a large layer of wood.
Scherhebel does not achieve a flat, smooth surface, it is intended for a rough, surface finish! The design of a sherhebel is similar in appearance to an ordinary planer, but its piece of iron with a rounded blade is set at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the sole. In one pass, the sherhebel removes chips up to three millimeters thick, leaving deep grooves that require additional alignment in the future.
The sherhebel is equipped with an oval cutting edge, thanks to which it is possible to plan the wood across the grain without first breaking it along. The sharpening angle of the sherhebel depends on the density of the wood being processed.
Differences between a sherhebel and a planer
In essence, a sherhebel is the same planer that performs rough processing. The difference is the semicircular sharpening of the blade and its width (it is smaller). The blade protrudes from the block by two to three millimeters.
Jointer
- Jointer . This is a hand planer equipped with double cutter. Designed for precise finishing, leveling large areas under the ruler due to the elongated block and for jointing (fitting) edges. The jointer block can be two or three times longer than the block of a typical planer. The jointer knife is equipped with a chipbreaker or humpback, as well as a handle for ease of use with the device. Can be issued with a single knife.
Difference
The main difference is in the number of blades: a jointer has two blades, a planer has one! Structurally, the jointer differs only considerable body length. It is thanks to the elongated block that the jointer is effective in processing large areas.
Classification
In accordance with the current classification, according to their purpose, the types of planers are conventionally divided into two groups:
- Flat planing;
- Figure planing.
Flat planers, types
- Semi-jointed . This is a shortened version of the jointer, designed for planing large elements. The length of the sole of a semi-joiner is 60 cm, the width of the cutter, like that of a jointer, can reach 8 cm. It is used, like a jointer, to fit various parts.
- Medvedka larger in width and length and has paired transverse handles on the sides. Usually two people work at the same time as a bear. Zhelezkov Medvedka pinned special wedge and removes a layer of 1 mm. A bear is used for planing elements such as a board for outer skin, for floors or ceilings.
- sander used for finishing surfaces and leveling defects arising at the previous stages of processing. With the help of a grinder, the ends, areas with knots and irregular or complex structure wood. In this type of tool, a double knife with a linear blade and a chipbreaker is installed, the cutting angle of the knife is 60 degrees.
- Tsinubel serves to process curly woods and to apply small grooves on the surface in order to improve the adhesion of elements in the future adhesive bond. Tsinubel knives have ribbing, which forms teeth during sharpening. Placing the knife at an angle of 80 degrees relative to the block allows you to process even serrated wood without scuffing. On average, the length of the sole of the tsinubel is 20 cm, the width and height are 6.5 cm. The knives are single with a serrated blade.
- Face planer used for finishing ends and planing small surfaces with a tangled fiber structure.
- Planer single applied for reprocessing. When planing, chips are formed without a break; the surface is characterized by small scuffs or chips.
- double planer has a chipbreaker, in addition to the knife, which improves the quality of processing.
Figured planing, types
- Zenzubel (selector) equipped double knife, thereby improving the quality of the processing of the product. It is used for planing perpendicular planes and cleaning quarters. The width of the blade-shaped knife does not exceed 33 mm. The tool is akin to a falsebel.
- Federgubel is distinguished by a special shape of the blade, which forms a rectangular longitudinal protrusion along the edge of the wooden workpiece.
- Falzgebel , like the zenzubel, is used for profile planing. It is equipped with a single knife, having a straight or oblique configuration, and is used for stripping quarters (folds). It has a stepped sole, sometimes removable, which allows you to select folds of the required size and profile for each individual case.
- Headquarters and headquarters - thanks to the knives having a concave shape, they give the workpieces a rounded shape. The headstock is used for processing convex surfaces.
- tongue and groove ( paznik ) used for sampling tongues (grooves) along the edges of a wood blank. It consists of a pair of pads connected by special metal screws. The first block is a guide; the second, holding the knives - fixing.
The groove is also often equipped with a special rib or adjustable ruler for pro-stretching the groove strictly at a predetermined distance from the cut.
- Mold It is mainly used for curly processing and giving specific shapes, such as: cornices, baguettes, doorways. It has a stepped sole and curly cutters that allow you to perform the required profiles.
- Gruntubel is a block, on the side of which a pointed hook in the form of a cutter is installed. This cutter is fixed in the block with a screw or wedge. Designed for sampling grooves of a trapezoidal profile, located across the fibers of the tree.
- Gorbach (American) used for processing convex and concave planes with internal or external diameters. It has a curvilinear shape.
While creating wooden products many different types of operations are required, therefore, in joinery and carpentry, only one type of planer is often indispensable! Some types of planers are better to use exclusively in pairs- federgubel, bear or tongue and groove. Other modifications require consistent application: sherhebel is used for preliminary roughing of raw materials and jointers - for final finishing planes. The main intended purpose of planers as a tool is the processing of plane-linear surfaces and the creation of the necessary reliefs.
