The era of the electric tool did not come with the first electric drills, but when the electric motor became an attribute of a tool of a narrower focus: scissors, hacksaws, a wrench and, of course, a jigsaw.
Moreover, the electric jigsaw was one of the first in this series. Today it is one of the most popular tools in the home (and not only) workshop. And first of all, we are talking about a hand tool.
But in this article we are considering jigsaws, and these are almost stationary devices, which often have their own specific place in the workshop, because for comfortable work they require a base with the given parameters: height so that the arm placed on the desktop has a bend at the elbow of 90º and stability to dampen the vibrations of the machine itself.
What are jigsaws for?
Jigsaw machines are primarily designed for sawing parts or elements of complex configuration in sheet material: wood, plywood, MDF, fiberboard, chipboard, plastic, aluminum. Also, with their help, the internal contours of products are cut out with preliminary drilling of the material being cut.
Such a tool, unlike manual or electric jigsaws, leaves both hands free for those working on it, which greatly facilitates the work and allows you to perform it with the greatest accuracy. Most jigsaws, subject to the correct selection and installation of nail files, allow cutting even in fairly thick workpieces, with strict observance of an angle of 90º with respect to the plane of the workpiece.
Also, many models have an inclined table, which makes it possible to perform complex patterns at strictly specified angles other than straight, which is almost impossible when using manual or electric jigsaws.
In addition to home use, they are widely used in furniture production and manufacturing plants. musical instruments. True, quite often they are replaced by laser machines, but the burnt edges left by the latter do not make their use ubiquitous.
General drawing, structural features of desktop jigsaws
The most common layout for jigsaw machines is as follows:
It includes:
- a frame (or body) on which all components and mechanisms are attached;
- drive, often from the electric motor with a V-belt to the crank;
- a crank mechanism that converts the rotational movement of the motor shaft into the reciprocating movement of the file;
- double rocker with a tensioner and attachments for sawing;
- desktop, sometimes with a mechanism for turning in a horizontal plane at a given angle.
Previously, miniature jigsaws with a somewhat simplified design were on sale, but it was precisely because of it, which led to a quick failure of the saw blades due to their short stroke, that their production was discontinued.
Most of the currently produced desktop jigsaws work with files 200 - 350 mm long and have a working stroke of 30 to 50 mm.
The differences between the machines mainly consist in the power of the electric drive (from 90 to 500 W - for most models), as well as the type and methods of attaching saw blades. Optimal, in our opinion, is a power of 150 watts.
And files, in addition to length, can vary in width (from 2 to 10 mm), type of shank (with or without pins) and thickness (from 0.6 to 1.25 mm).
In some models, you can install the simplest, often called "Soviet", files for manual jigsaws, which is a big advantage. To implement just such an opportunity, owners of jigsaws that do not have it often improve the fastening of their devices by installing clamps from a manual jigsaw on them.
Most desktop jigsaws have 2 speed modes: more often - 600 and 1000 rpm, which is very useful when working with materials of different thickness, hardness and viscosity. The presence of the already mentioned turntable for 99% of the work performed on the machine - the function is useless.
Also, most jigsaws are equipped with additional devices, such as:
- compressor for blowing chips from the cutting line;
- sawing area illumination;
- drilling block, etc.
It’s impossible to call these devices useless, but it’s still not worth focusing on their presence when choosing a desktop jigsaw, since the same functions can be successfully performed:
- a compressor for an aquarium, with a blowing power chosen by you, is often more efficient than a regular one;
- a table lamp or a carrier with a luminous flux that is comfortable for your eyes;
- electric drill or screwdriver.
Even more complex devices, such as engraving drills that your machine can be equipped with, generally cause some bewilderment, but we’ll say right away that it’s better to have such tools that are not tied to a jigsaw (or any other) machine. Their mobility is often more expensive than the extended functionality of this very machine. Plus, it's not all free.
We make a choice of a manufacturer of a jigsaw machine
Most often, the Russian consumer has a choice of jigsaws Proxxon, Dewalt, Hegner, Xendoll, Bison, JET, Encore Corvette and Kroton. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages. We would, in terms of reliability and compliance with the characteristics declared by the manufacturer, single out the machines of the German company Hegner. Yes, and the line of this equipment they have is more authentic than many, but be sure to insist on sea trials when buying, regardless of which machine of which company you are going to buy.
And even if it is possible to choose from 2 identical machines, demand to turn on both. Buy one that has less noise and vibration.
Do-it-yourself jigsaw machine
Finding a drawing of such equipment on the Internet is a rather trivial task, but we do not consider it appropriate to single out any specific one, due to completely different approaches to implementation, both the very idea of \u200b\u200bbuilding such a machine, and the selection of materials, type of drive and other things. We will offer several concepts for a homemade jigsaw machine and briefly analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each so that you can figure out what is best for you.
- First: the easiest to implement, suitable for most tasks for the manufacture of parts with a rather complex contour at home.
There are many options for attaching a manual electric jigsaw to a tabletop that serves as the desktop of the machine. Choose any, or offer your own and share with the readers of our site, for which we will be grateful.
The video also shows how to make a complex contour using not the thinnest file. And the main drawback of this design is the impossibility of using thin files, which makes it difficult to manufacture openwork parts.
- Second: wooden. Interesting due to the fact that the material is available, easy to process and repair.
In our opinion, it is interesting to use the same manual electric jigsaw, which is rational for two reasons:
- if necessary, it can be used as independent tool, which was made;
- the drive has a built-in speed control, oscillation amplitude, eliminates additional mechanisms that reduce the reliability of the design.
However, for those who like to craft, there are alternative options for making a wooden jigsaw.
When using a drill or a screwdriver with an adjustable output shaft speed as a drive, it will also be possible to smoothly adjust the frequency of the saw blade.
Moreover, the control of this process can be transferred to the pedal with the help of a simple device, which will make the work even more comfortable, and the cut more accurate. Such jigsaws must be well reinforced with braces and stringers and securely fastened to the floor so that they do not move during operation.
- Third: metal. There is no doubt that this concept is the most reliable and durable (provided that serious manufacturing errors are excluded), but also the most expensive. It makes sense to implement it if there will be a large number of works and you will be able to save a sufficient amount by using the materials you already have. Otherwise, there is not so much sense in making such structures with your own hands, given that inexpensive factory-made jigsaw machines can be purchased for less than 4 thousand rubles.
Of course, the latter does not matter if you are interested in the process of technical creativity itself.
Dear readers, if you still have questions, ask them using the form below. We will be glad to communicate with you;)
The idea of \u200b\u200bcreating a homemade jigsaw is most often due to the shortcomings that a factory hand tool has. You can make a small desktop machine with your own hands, which will include a pusher, a reciprocating motor, a file tension system. In this case, you do not need complex drawings - having understood the essence, it is easy to achieve a result.
How to make your own setup
The desire to create a homemade jigsaw may arise for several reasons:
- There is no power supply in the workshop, but it is possible to use low power internal combustion engines.
- There are pneumatic motors, but the compressor power is not enough for a serial tool.
- The motor is powered by batteries or solar panels, the power of the source is not enough for the use of a power tool.
- It is required to obtain saw movement parameters that are unattainable when using a serial tool.
Designing a jigsaw is not difficult. A typical structure looks like this:
The unit can be easily adapted to any torque source. A pair of pulleys (one is located on the motor shaft, the other drives the crank mechanism) allow you to vary gear ratio, reducing the load on the power unit and allowing you to get desired speed(they are also responsible for the number of saw strokes per minute) on the actuator.
The machine, built according to the above scheme, can have a very different configuration, the material of manufacture is also selected individually. An example of a finished installation looks like this:
Disadvantages of a manual jigsaw
A manual electric jigsaw is designed to form even cuts. At the same time, as the rollers, rod, and pusher wear out, the saw may be beating and deviate from a straight line, and the angle of attack may change. Regardless of the quality of the tool assemblies, the following features are always present:
- When the saw becomes blunt, a deviation from a straight line is observed when cutting material of uneven density (for example, low-quality chipboard). The saw is able to leave the cut line, having met a knot in the wood.
- When trying to make a figured radius cut, one can observe the following picture: the upper cut line, followed by the worker, follows an exact trajectory, the lower one deviates, goes to the side, the radius becomes larger. The higher the wear of the tool and the lower the sharpness of the saw, the more pronounced this phenomenon.
- Some materials cannot be worked with the pickup or bottom feed of the saw. The carpenter is required to drive the tool forward extremely evenly, which cannot be done very accurately, resulting in a beating of the saw along the entry and exit path.
It is even more difficult to work with thin, designed for curly cuts saws. If there is no practice, it is very difficult to achieve a good result, especially on a thick slab or wood materials. Consider how you can make the work of a carpenter easier, and the result better.
Standard Solutions
The machine from a manual electric jigsaw is made on the basis of a simple table. This device is common, mass-produced, samples can be seen in the photographs below.
The mechanics of work is simple:
- The jigsaw clearly fixes the tool, ensuring that there is no influence of the human factor (the hand can lead the jigsaw unevenly).
- The presence of a support allows you to move the device without deviations along the trajectory.
With the help of a table, jigsaws begin to cut in a straight line, but the possibilities of such a device are limited. If you remove the side stop and try to guide the workpiece, forming a curved cut, the same problems of saw deflection arise. The problem can be solved by using a simple saw, rigidly fixed with a pair of rollers. Making curly cuts is now convenient and fast. How homemade and industrial products of this type look like is shown in the following photos.
Tensioners for curved cuts
To perform very thin and precise curly cuts, you can make a machine from an electric jigsaw with a saw blade tension system. The idea of \u200b\u200bdoing it yourself is as follows:
- A very thin saw is used, ideally for a manual jigsaw.
- A clamp is attached to the rod of the power tool, which will stretch the cutting blade.
- The trajectory stabilization system will regulate both one freedom of movement and two (horizontal and vertical).
As a tension block, a manual jigsaw clamp is used, to which an adapter is made, which, in turn, is inserted into jig power tool rod. To ensure the adjustment of one freedom of movement, a pair of angles and a bolt are used. The result of the implementation of the idea is presented in the following photo.
The saw provides a clear vertical movement, you can create a good tension, but there is a mandatory runout in the horizontal direction. The canvas goes with pickup, it does not move in a straight line.
The development of this idea is in the next photo. Here the part fixing the trajectory moves, and the metal clamp provides structural rigidity and mechanical resistance.
The system is stabilized in two degrees of freedom, the cut made with its help is accurate and accurate. Using a diamond-coated cord for a hand jigsaw, you can cut glass without the formation of sloppy chips on the edges.
Devices for extremely fine work
If you need to work extremely delicately and slowly, you will need to reduce the force on the cutting blade and at the same time provide a strong tension and precise movement of the file. To do this, a home-made jigsaw is equipped with spacers with long arms.
In this case, the power tool does not operate in the cut zone, but at some distance. This allows, depending on the wishes of the carpenter, to adjust the force, speed and amplitude of the saw movement. One of the options for implementing the idea is presented in the following photo.
Depending on the needs of the master, the structure can be made of steel, have additional fixing zones, the power tool can not be installed rigidly, but with the possibility of movement within its support beam.
In practice, such solutions are rarely used. For delicate work that is performed constantly, it is much more profitable to purchase a specialized band saw which will ensure quality and performance.
As can be seen from the presented designs, a jigsaw can even be made from a sewing machine with a moving stem.
technika.expert
DIY desktop jigsaw | Construction portal
A desktop jigsaw is an indispensable thing for any owner who is used to doing housework on his own. Especially electric jigsaws are good for residents of the private sector, lovers manual labor and summer vacation. From its prototype, an ordinary manual jigsaw, the desktop electric model has gone far enough. A desktop jigsaw makes it easier and faster to cut, not to mention improving quality.
The concept of desktop jigsaw
The jigsaw is a saw, which is characterized by reciprocating movements of the saw blade, which acts as a working body. It has a ski designed to guide the saw blade when moving over the surface that is being processed, and making movements at a frequency of up to 3000 vibrations per minute.
This tool was invented in 1946. Its creator is Albert Kaufman, who replaced the needle in a sewing machine with a blade. The tool appeared on sale in 1947. The manual electric jigsaw has a body with a flat platform and a handle. The main difference between an electric jigsaw and a manual jigsaw is its greater functionality and cutting quality.
Inside is an electric motor and a special mechanism that drives the blade. IN stationary jigsaws there is no handle, and the platform is located on top. In front of the mechanism there is a guide, in the lower part there is a retractable blade that moves and makes cuts.
The tool works as follows: a file for desktop jigsaw securely fastened with clamps in the slider. Reciprocating movements have a frequency of up to 3000 strokes and can be adjusted. The support platform allows the jigsaw to focus on the part being cut, so the work is carried out very accurately.
The purpose of the desktop jigsaw
The jigsaw is an essential accessory for every workshop and every hobbyist. His thin file can successfully cut plywood, copper, iron, thick boards, brass, steel. Instruments can be with motor, foot or manual drive and differ greater productivity. An electric jigsaw is simply indispensable for carpenters, woodworkers, furniture designers, drywall workers who make complex parts.
An electric jigsaw can perform straight and curved cuts on workpieces with complex shapes and various sheet materials without disturbing the external contour. Most often, desktop jigsaws are used for cutting wood and wooden boards, figures with a complex outline made of laminate and drywall, plastic blanks, also for cutting sheet metal.
The desktop electric jigsaw makes clean cuts of complex shapes and works with fine details. Due to the stable and fixed position during operation, high cutting accuracy is achieved. The file has a stable course thanks to the tension system and guides, which manual jigsaws lack. The large size of the table makes it stable, so that a precisely defined sawing direction is observed.
Types of jigsaws
Today, a wide variety of electric jigsaws are presented on the power tool market, which differ in the nature of the application, technical specifications, type of power supply and design features. In hardware stores you can buy a desktop jigsaw for every taste and budget.
By design features, it is difficult to classify, because each manufacturer seeks to provide its products with features that are designed to facilitate and improve the operation of the tool. In this regard, the shape of the handle is an important parameter.
Two types of handles have settled - mushroom-shaped and D-shaped. A jigsaw with a staple-like handle requires one-handed operation. This increases the possibility of using a jigsaw, but somewhat negatively affects the quality of the material cut.
Mushroom handles allow for more accurate cuts when holding the jigsaw with both hands, after fixing the workpiece to be cut. The choice of a jigsaw with a certain shape of the handle depends on the financial capabilities and personal preferences of the buyer. It is worth choosing the jigsaw with which it will be more convenient to work.
Household jigsaws are not intended for intensive use, but the low price of a desktop jigsaw and the power that is enough for household needs make them indispensable in household.
Professional jigsaws are characterized by high wear resistance and the possibility of many hours of daily use (up to 8 hours). The significant power of such jigsaws allows you to process materials of great thickness. Extended equipment and improved features are reflected in the price.
Among professional jigsaws, industrial ones also stand out, which are characterized by greater adaptability to complex operations and drive features - for example, increased power supply voltage. Industrial models are machines that are designed for the woodworking industry.
By type of power supply, there are network and battery electric jigsaws. Network models are powered by a standard voltage power supply. If performance is important to you, then you should choose a corded power tool.
Cordless jigsaws provide independence from the presence of sockets and greater mobility during work. When buying a battery model, you should pay attention to the type of battery. Increased performance is inherent in lithium-ion batteries. Battery capacity is responsible for the duration of work without recharging.
Advantages of desktop jigsaws
The desktop electric jigsaw is a stationary structure, so this cutting type The tool has many advantages. Modern models can work with wooden materials with a thickness of 40-50 millimeters. A narrow saw acts as a working body, which performs vertical reciprocating movements. Due to the peculiarities of the notching of the teeth and the mechanics of the movements of the file, the material is cut out by moving upwards.
The desktop electric jigsaw allows you to cut out complex decorative details, to make longitudinal, straight, oblique and transverse cuts. The wide tabletop allows you to process large parts and make cuts inside wide workpieces. Reliable fastening protects the body from unnecessary vibrations and allows you to well position the material, so the motor can work without overloading.
The advantages of desktop jigsaws include good accuracy and clarity of cuts, high safety and ease of use, wide opportunities settings from the material and the required detail of the cut blanks.
If you need to cut small parts, a manual jigsaw will not be very convenient. It is quite heavy, so you have to hold it with one hand and guide the workpiece with the other. And the desktop jigsaw is devoid of this drawback. Perhaps the inconveniences are too large sizes and the difficulty of working with large details.
The desktop jigsaw is a kind of mini-machine for cutting workpieces. If you buy a jigsaw in a store, most likely there will be an opportunity to select the power and adjust the frequency of the saw strokes. However, you can make the simplest homemade desktop jigsaw, and very quickly. You will need a manual electric jigsaw, a few screws, a piece of plywood is not large sizes and only one hour of work.
Making a desktop jigsaw
A carefully made jigsaw will not be inferior to a factory-made one, and in some respects even surpasses it. It is not difficult to assemble such an electric jigsaw if there is necessary materials. Next, we describe a simple circuit such manipulations.
The design of the jigsaw includes the following components: a handle, a switch button, an insulating washer, a power cord, a frame, a heating thread, a screw clamp and an earring. First you need to make a frame. You will need a duralumin pipe with an outer diameter of up to twelve millimeters.
You can also use textolite with a thickness of at least ten millimeters or thick plywood for the base. But keep in mind, the lighter the frame, the more convenient the jigsaw will be to use. Be sure to provide a channel so that you can later lay the power cord. most best form A frame is one whose side is bent 45 degrees.
Next, you need to make an earring. It is made of copper sheet with a thickness of one millimeter. After that, it is fastened with screws to the frame, where it connects to the handle. Thus, the screw, wing nut and earring will form a clamp in which the heating thread can be fixed. The thickness of the duralumin sheet should be up to 0.8 millimeters. It is necessary to make clamping cheeks from it, between which there is a button-switch.
After that, you need to cut a gap in the plywood through which the file can pass. It can be done with a drill. To do this, it is necessary to drill holes along the marking line, and smooth the transitions. Instead of plywood, you can use plastic, metal, plexiglass and others. Next, you place and drill mounting holes on the plywood and base plate jigsaw.
Then you need to fix the jigsaw with screws on the plywood base so that the file can pass through the gap. You attach the structure to the table with a clamp so that the file is pointing up. You can also secure the platform with any accessible way. The jigsaw file remains ordinary, but the possibilities for good sawing expand due to the release of hands.
You can use a nichrome coil from any household heating device (for example, an iron) as a heating filament. It must be secured with tension between the ends of the frame bends. To heat up the thread, you need to apply a tension of about 14 V. To control the operating mode, you can use a rheostat.
The current is determined by the thickness and length of the nichrome filament. With the help of a rheostat, it will be possible to set the optimal current strength (no more than 3-5 A), which will affect the temperature to which the thread is heated. Before starting work, it is necessary to determine the current strength. But keep in mind that if the force is too high, the material being cut out can be caught in flames, and if it is not enough, it will not be taken. A do-it-yourself desktop jigsaw will allow you to cut out figures with complex contours from various types of materials.
Rules for using a desktop jigsaw
When working with a desktop jigsaw, you must adhere to some rules:
- While cutting, do not press hard on the tool, otherwise, at best, the needle will break, at worst, you will spoil the work.
- Change blades from time to time. old saw can spoil and destroy the surface of the material.
- If you work with organic glass and non-ferrous alloys, the surface of the product must be moistened with water. Such an operation will speed up the process and extend the life of the saw.
- If you are cutting a surface with a thickness of less than one millimeter, place a sheet of wood or plywood under the material being processed.
- Before cutting, it is necessary to fix the material. It is better not to make long cuts by hand, the line may turn out to be crooked.
- To cut different materials, appropriate blades are needed, with a special pitch and length.
- Rotate the tool by turning only the back of the tool.
- When cutting the laminate, an adhesive tape is glued to the cut line, which protects the material from chipping.
- If the need arises for curved cuts, set the jigsaw pendulum to a minimum.
If you have not yet fully understood how to make a desktop electric jigsaw, watch a video about this procedure. This tool allows you to cut complex parts from wood and other materials, to make longitudinal, oblique, straight and transverse cuts. With the help of an electric jigsaw, you can process large parts, wide workpieces and small products, which is not superfluous at home.
strport.ru
wood jigsaw
For slotted carving and sawing small parts from wood, plywood, plexiglass, plastics and other materials use jigsaws various designs and types. It can be manual ("pioneer"), mechanical and electric jigsaws. Various magazines cited diagrams of home-made jigsaws driven by electric motors and even electric drills. But with the advent of the sale of manual electric jigsaws, it became possible to both install them on a table for sawing large parts, and use them as a drive for jigsaws for cutting small parts. The manual jigsaw is well balanced, powerful enough and has a speed control, which greatly expands the possibilities of its application.
Still, in my opinion, the electric jigsaw has a significant drawback, this is the inability to adjust the amplitude of the stroke of the nail file. But I dealt with this shortcoming by making a file stroke regulator.
The basis for the manufacture of the machine was taken from the version printed in Wood magazine No. 12 1986.
The dimensions of the rocker arms were chosen based on their own needs. It should be borne in mind that by increasing the length, we will increase the size of the workpiece, this is a plus. But at the same time, we will increase the vibration of the file, as well as the mass of the rocker arms, which will lead to an increase in the vibration of the entire machine, and this is a minus. Therefore, we make the length no more than necessary. An increase in the rear of the rocker arms will lead to easier file tension, but again, to an increase in mass and, accordingly, vibration. There is an opinion that by balancing the rocker relative to the swing axis, it is possible to reduce the vibration of the machine. In my opinion, this is not correct.
Vibration can be reduced by reducing the mass of the rocker arm as much as possible. But at the same time it is necessary that it remains rigid, and can withstand heavy loads.
Easy to use for stretching eccentric clamps from a bicycle. The tension of the nail file should be implemented through a rigid spring. It will help reduce the number of nail file breaks.
The attachment of the file should quickly and securely fix the files different sizes.
The slats on which the rocker arms are attached must be securely connected to each other in order to reduce vibration.
The entire structure of the machine must be rigid and reliable. Management should be in a convenient location.
I will answer all your questions.
I wish you successful crafts.
shenrok.blogspot.ru
instrument.guru > DIY > using drawings
With the help of a homemade jigsaw machine, anyone can make furniture, modern convenient shelves and other wood products. Its mechanism helps to cut wooden parts of absolutely any shape. And also with its help it is possible to process plastic and other dense materials. In order for the jigsaw to comply with all norms and rules, you need to carefully approach the choice of its design. Additionally, drawings from the network will help to make a jigsaw machine with your own hands.
- How to make a jigsaw machine with your own hands
The design of jigsaw machines
Absolutely any electric homemade jigsaw contains the following parts:
- drive unit;
- connecting rod assembly;
- saw;
- work surface;
- saw tension mechanism;
- additional mechanisms.
The material to be processed should be laid on the work surface. Many models are equipped with a rotary mechanism that changes the inclination of the cutting surface. In order to facilitate the application of markings on the processed material, graduation is applied to the working surface. It is worth choosing a jigsaw with a large desktop size, because it will make the longest cut. Basically, for most models of electric jigsaws, this indicator is about 35 centimeters. The optimal drive power for a do-it-yourself jigsaw machine is no more than 200 watts.
The crank assembly mechanism is able to convert the rotation of the drive into translational motion and transmits it to the saw. The optimal frequency of the saw movement per minute is about 900, and the amplitude of the vertical movement should not exceed 6 centimeters.
Many types of electric jigsaws are equipped with a speed controller, which allows you to adjust depending on the type of material. A jigsaw file is capable of processing wood and plastic up to 12 centimeters thick, with a length of up to 40 centimeters. To work with various materials, files can be changed, their width ranges from 2 to 12 millimeters. The manual tension mechanism secures the file for even cut. Its role is performed by spring or helical springs.
The main types of jigsaw machines
All electric jigsaw machines are usually divided according to the following criteria:
The most popular are electric jigsaws with a lower support, in which the bed is divided into upper and lower parts. The first contains the cleaning and cutting modules, and the second contains the electric motor, controller module, switching and transmission mechanisms. These machines can process absolutely any sheets of material.
Double caliper jigsaws have a major difference. It lies in the fact that in the upper part of the bed there is another rail. Such equipment is well suited for the manufacture of oversized products. Such devices are very easy to install and allow you to process products with a thickness of not more than 9 centimeters. Additionally, the machine comes with a convenient desktop with adjustable height and angles.
Suspended jigsaws are not equipped with a stationary frame and have great mobility. When performing work, the cutting module moves, not the material being processed. The working module itself is fixed on the ceiling on its own, which is why the size of the workpiece does not matter. The cutting mechanism moves with its own hands, regardless of the bed. In this case, it becomes possible to make a wide variety of patterns.
Electric jigsaws with stops and a degree scale are ideal for the most precise work with the help of drawings. Their design helps to avoid errors during operation. Jigsaw machines universal type capable of doing several types of work. This is, first of all, cutting, grinding, polishing, drilling and many others.
How to make a jigsaw machine with your own hands
When developing a drawing for a homemade jigsaw machine, the total number of elements must be reduced to a minimum. A saw with a fixed rocking chair is enough, electric motor and beds. If desired, a motor from any electric machine is suitable. Much more fortunate are people who own a jigsaw manual type. From plywood sheet it is necessary to make a special stand and fix the jigsaw on it. To fix it, it is worth making holes in the base of the jigsaw. Thus, the simplest jigsaw machine can be considered ready.
Next, it’s worth talking about more functional and complex models of devices that you can do yourself. Homemade bed it is made from a sheet of plywood 12 millimeters thick, textolite or plastic. Such a bed is a working surface, the base of the machine and a special box for the location of various mechanisms and an electric motor.
WITH reverse side it is necessary to place an eccentric with a rocking chair, which must be connected with a metal plate with bearings and bushings. This whole structure must be fixed with screws. To install the intermediate shaft, you need to find several bearings. A special metal pulley fits quite tightly onto the shaft, and the screw connector is securely fastened. Similarly, you need to make a homemade eccentric for the device.
In order to change the frequency of movement of the rocking chair, it is necessary to make several through holes on the installed flange and cut threads into them. They must be removed from the central axis at different distances. By changing the place where the screw is screwed in, it is possible to adjust the amplitude of movement of the rocking chair, which consists of several wooden yokes attached to the rack with hinges. The ends of the rocker arms have through cuts into which tension screws are inserted. A file is attached to the other ends, moving with the help of metal hinges. For fixing, the file is installed in a special groove of the working surface.
The saw blade attachment can be considered the most important. When assembling a jigsaw machine with your own hands, this part should be given great attention. The plates inserted into the rocker arms carry a huge load during operation, which is why they need to be strengthened and tightened with fasteners with high quality. The two tie-down earrings do not need to be tightly compressed with screws, which will allow the axle hinges to move.
The rocker arm mechanism is best made from solid material. On one side, you need to make a groove for the rocker, and on the other, you need to cut a rectangular opening for the second rocker. In order to make it easier to make holes, it is worth folding the rack from several parts.
Using a desktop jigsaw at home, you can make furniture, beautiful patterned shelves and much more. The mechanism allows you to cut smooth and sinuous parts from wood, plastic and dense foam materials. In order for a home-made device to fully meet the requirements, it is necessary to carefully select the appropriate design.
Design and specifications
The device of any model of an electric jigsaw machine must contain:
- saw;
- crank assembly;
- drive unit;
- saw tension device;
- Desktop;
- auxiliary mechanisms.
The processed material keeps within on a desktop. Some models are equipped with a rotary device that changes the slope of the surface. To make it easier to mark the material with your own hands, graduation is applied to the surface.
The larger the table, the longer the cut can be made. On average, this figure is 30 - 40 cm.
Drive power for homemade desktop machine is about 150 watts.
The crank assembly converts the rotational movement of the drive into reciprocating and transfers it to the saw. On average, the oscillation frequency of the file per minute is 800 - 1000. The vertical movement amplitude is not more than 5 cm. Some models allow you to select the movement speed depending on the properties of the material.
A manual jigsaw file can work with wood, plastic with a thickness of not more than 10 cm, having a length of up to 35 cm. For different types of materials and work, the files change, their width is 2 - 10 mm.
The manual tension device secures the saw blade for uniform sawing, it is a helical or leaf spring.
Types of machines
Structurally, all jigsaw devices can be divided:
- with bottom caliper;
- with double support;
- on suspension;
- with degree scale and stops;
- universal.
The most common are models with a lower caliper. Their bed is divided into two halves: lower and upper. At the top there is a cutting and cleaning module. At the bottom there is a control module, an electric motor, a transmission mechanism and a toggle switch. Allows you to process sheets of material of any size.
Double caliper models differ in that there is an additional rail on the upper half of the bed. Such devices are good for creating oversized parts. They are easier to install than the previous version. Both models allow you to process material no thicker than 8 cm. A working table with angle and height adjustment is attached to the machine.
Suspension machines are not equipped with a monolithic bed, they are very mobile. During processing, the cutting module moves, not the material. The working module is usually attached to the ceiling with its own hands, so the size of the material is unlimited. The cutting tool moves manually independently of the bed, creating very complex patterns.
Machines with a degree scale and stops are good for precise work on drawings. The design allows you to avoid errors. Universal jigsaws can perform several operations associated with cutting: drilling, polishing, grinding.
Making a machine with your own hands
Drawing of a homemade desktop jigsaw: 1 - rocking chair insert (2 pcs.), 2 - earring (2 pcs.), 3 - table, 4.6 - screws, 5 - thrust, 7 - eccentric, 8 - base, 9 - axes of earrings, 10 - upper rocker, 11 - axis of the rocker, 12 - lamb, 13 - tension screw cross member (2 pcs), 14 - tension screw, 15 - rocking stand, 16 - bottom rocker, 17 - box, 18 - two-strand pulley, 19 - intermediate shaft, 20 - rack bushing, 21 - table plate, 22 - bearing with cover (2 pcs.), 23 - electric motor pulley.
In the drawing of a do-it-yourself desktop machine, the number of nodes must be minimized, these are: a rocking chair with a fixed saw, a frame and an electric motor. You can take the engine from an old electric machine.
Owners of a manual jigsaw were more fortunate. From a sheet of plywood, you can make a stand and attach a jigsaw to it. To fix the jigsaw with your own hands, you will have to make holes in the base of the tool. The most simple model ready.
Now about more complex and functional ones. The do-it-yourself bed is made of 12 mm plywood, thick plastic or textolite. It is a base, a box for placing the engine and mechanisms, and a work table. On the other hand, we have a rocking chair with an eccentric. They are interconnected by a metal plate with bushing bearings. The whole structure is fixed with screws. To mount the intermediate shaft, prepare a pair of bearings. The two-strand metal pulley is mounted on the shaft as tightly as possible, the screw connection is fixed. In the same way, you can make an eccentric.
To change the amplitude of the movement of the rocking chair, four round through holes with threads are made on the eccentric flange, remote from the axis at different distances. By changing the installation location of the screw, the swing of the rocking chair is adjusted. It is a pair of wooden yokes hinged to a rack. The rear ends of the rocker arms contain through cuts, tension screws are inserted into them. A file is fixed to the ends in front, movable due to metal hinges. Before fastening, the file is inserted into the groove of the working surface of the table.
The saw blade attachment mechanism is very important. When making a homemade device with your own hands, special attention should be paid to it. The insert plates of the rocker arms carry constant loads during movement, therefore they are rigidly fixed and tightened with screws and Grover washers. The fastening earrings should not be strongly compressed by the screws, allowing the hinge axis of the plate to move.
If you are into carving and making figures or parts out of wood, plastic or similar material, you cannot do without a tool whose name is reminiscent of the distant Soviet past: this is a jigsaw.
Jigsaw jigsaw strife, now on sale are both "pioneer" elementary manual models, and electric modern instruments, only remotely resembling the usual files.
You can also make a jigsaw yourself: in the technical literature and the network, many diagrams and drawings of electric jigsaws are offered.
It is not difficult to make such a device, and you will get significant benefits from it. You will be able to independently engage in the production of furniture you need and realize the most daring creative ideas for the interior.
An example of the manufacture of a jigsaw machine.
Homemade jigsaw New to you to professionally make smooth details of the most bizarre shapes. First you need to decide on the most suitable design for you.
Technical description and components
The schematic diagram of any jigsaw machine is the same for different models.
It must include the following parts:
- file;
- drive with a power of about 150 W;
- rocker for tensioning the file;
- working surface with graduation;
- drilling block, etc.
Consumables are fixed on the working surface. In advanced models there are special devices for rotary movements of the part, in them the working surface can change the angle of inclination.
The dimensions of the surface will depend on your production and creative plans: the larger the parts you are going to cut, the larger your production table should be. Traditional sizes are usually around 30 - 40 cm.
The types of saw blades are varied. They depend primarily on consumable. The dimensions of the parts for cutting are also important. Conventional saw blades for working with wood have a length of about 35 - 40 cm. They are able to saw parts made of wood or plastic with a thickness of no more than 100 mm.
WITH different types materials, the files also change, this mainly concerns their width: from 2 to 10 mm. Files can vary in the type of their tails - with or without pins. They are fixed in a special device for their tension and even sawing. To do this, they have spring-type springs.
Another important one: the crank assembly. Its function is difficult to overestimate: it is he who transmits the movement from the drive to the file, turning the rotational movement into translational.
Assembly drawing of a jigsaw machine.
Due to this, the file begins to oscillate with a high frequency, the speed of such oscillations is on average about 800 - 1000 rpm. It is important to remember about the amplitude of vertical vibrations, it should not exceed 50 mm.
In advanced modern jigsaw models, the speed varies depending on the type of consumable. Most of desktop models operates in two speed modes. Most often it is 600 and 1000 rpm.
Model range of jigsaw machines
Most often, in its electric drive power, the range of values is huge: from 90 to 500 watts.
Also, these devices are divided into varieties based on their fundamental design:
- universal;
- on suspension;
- with graduation;
- with a caliper in the lower position;
- with double support.
Jigsaws with bottom support
Scheme of machine design elements.
The most used and popular models are machines with a lower support. Their feature is the division of the working frame into the upper and lower parts.
While the upper section contains only one sawing and cleaning device, the lower section contains many working elements: an electric motor, a switch, a transmission unit and a control unit. This design makes it possible to cut sheets of materials of almost any size.
Machines with double support
A home-made jigsaw with a double caliper differs from the lower caliper by the presence in the upper section of a special additional bar and desktop with the ability to change the angle of inclination and overall height.
These models are designed to work with details oversized. Such a machine is easier to make than the previous model. There are limitations in the materials with which you can work on it: their thickness should not exceed 80 mm.
Hanging machines
The name speaks for itself: the model is mobile, it works without a frame. The fundamental point in this design is the movement of the cutting file, and not the consumable. The module itself is attached to the ceiling, the saw is set in motion manually.
All this gives serious advantages: in this way you can create the most complex patterns, the surface dimensions are not limited by anything.
Graduated devices
The presence of stops and a degree scale make it possible to work according to technical drawings, without the slightest error.
Universal machines
Such devices are usually called electric jigsaw. Their feature is the ability to perform several operations such as grinding, polishing, sawing, etc.
How to make a jigsaw machine with your own hands?
We will not stop at the manufacture of the simplest machines: you can easily find such manuals with video support on the net. Let's talk about homemade jigsaw machines.
Assembling the machine with your own hands.
Here is the sequence of work for their manufacture:
- We make a bed from plywood sheet or plastic.
The main thing is that the thickness should not be less than 12 mm. The function of the bed is a foundation, a working surface and a place for fixing mechanisms and an electric motor. - We place a special rocking chair with an eccentric on the opposite side.
We connect them using a metal bar with bearings. All fasteners in the design are screw. - We make installation of an intermediate shaft.
To do this, you need to prepare two bearings, put the pulley on the shaft as tightly as possible, then carefully fasten it with screws. Similar actions are performed with an eccentric. - At the rocking chair, the amplitude of movements should change.
To do this, you need to change the place of attachment of the screw, for which we drill exactly four threaded holes on the eccentric flange. The holes should be located at different distances from the axis. With a change in the place of attachment of the screw, the swing of the amplitude of the rocking chair will change. - We make a rocking chair: this is nothing more than wooden rocker arms, into whose rear ends the screws that you built in the previous paragraph are inserted, these are tension screws.
The rocker arms themselves are hinged to the rack. We fix the file on the front ends of the rocker arms. The previous and current steps must be carried out with special attention and thoroughness. The fact is that fastening the file is a fundamentally important thing. Rocker arms with plates are subjected to constant loads during movement due to their rigid screed with screws. - For a rocking chair you need a stand.
It will be better if it is made from a whole piece of material. We make a groove for the first rocker arm on the top of the rack. From the lower end we have a special rectangular opening for the second rocker arm.
Your . We wish you cool ideas and their high-quality implementation.
Traditionally used for figure cutting on wood manual jigsaw- a simple tool with a thin file that allows you to create elegant patterns from wood. Later, a jigsaw was invented, working on muscle traction like a foot sewing machine or potter's wheel.
The development of technology and the emergence of compact electric motors of low power led to the creation of a manual electric jigsaw, and then the corresponding electrified machine, which you can make yourself.
Purpose
Stationary units that ensure the movement of the saw blade vertically make it possible to cut parts of complex shape from sheet materials, elements with curved edges. If you insert the saw into through hole, drilled in the workpiece, you can make a curly contour inside the product.
With the help of jigsaw machines, workpieces from various sheet materials are processed, including:
- solid wood;
- plywood;
- wood-based boards (chipboard, fiberboard, MDF);
- aluminum;
- plastic.
With the help of a jigsaw machine, it will be possible to increase labor productivity and significantly improve the quality of processing curly edges of products. This is due to the fact that a working person has both hands free and he can position the workpiece as accurately as possible relative to the moving cutting blade. This is the main advantage of a stationary tool with an electric drive from a manual jigsaw.
Jigsaws are installed in school and home workshops, and this type of equipment is also used in furniture production and in the manufacture of musical instruments. Modern laser machines can be used instead of jigsaws, since they provide the highest cutting accuracy along a given contour, but their use limits the effect of burnt ends of parts.
Device
The desktop jigsaw machine consists of the following elements:
- bed ( supporting structure, on which all mechanisms and components are mounted);
- Desktop;
- electric drive;
- crank mechanism (responsible for converting the rotation of the motor shaft into the reciprocating movement of the file);
- double rocker (equipped with clamps for files and a tensioning mechanism).
The machines produced today are mostly designed for the use of files with a length of 200-350 mm and a working stroke of 30-50 mm. Files differ in width (2-10 mm), thickness (0.6-1.25 mm) and type of shanks - they come with pins and without pins. The latter are more convenient, since in order to cut the inner contour, it is necessary to drill a hole in the workpiece through which the end of the file must pass. If there is a pin, the hole should be noticeably larger. Some models of jigsaws allow you to mount files of both types, including the old model, from a Soviet hand tool. Files also differ in the size of the teeth and their arrangement - it can be straight or spiral.
Tool selection
To choose a good machine suitable for the solution specific tasks, it is necessary to pay attention to its power. The main part of the models is equipped with an electric drive with a power of 90 to 500 watts. For home use, the optimal power is 150-200 watts.
An important selection criterion is the presence of two speeds of the unit. In the standard version - 600 and 1000 rpm. This makes it possible to select the appropriate mode for working with materials of various densities.
The desktop is fixed and swivel. Fixing the table at an inclination allows cutting material at specified angles other than 90°. There are also models that provide table height adjustment - this allows you to extend the service life of the file, since you can use its different sections along the entire length, and not just the central part, for work.
Manufacturers equip jigsaws with a variety of options, including:
- a compressor for removing chips from the marking line with an air jet;
- drilling unit;
- illumination of the working area;
- blade fencing (will not allow fingers to contact with a moving file);
- clamping device (prevents vibration of thin sheet material).
Additional options increase the cost of the jigsaw, but do not fundamentally affect its functionality.
Manufacturers
On the power tool market, there are different kinds jigsaws: from devices designed for creative work at home to high-performance models designed for professional use. In addition to machines that use conventional files, you can find band saws on sale.
The list of popular brands includes Bosch, Negner, Einhell, Proxxon, Makita, DeWALT, JET, Xendoll, Excalibur, Kroton, Korvet, Zubr.
The leader in quality and reliability is the products of well-known German brands Bosch, Einhell and Hegner. In addition, the lines of jigsaws include a wide range of models of various capacities and configurations, which makes it possible to choose a high-quality electric jigsaw for the home, which is optimal in terms of functionality.
Budget models, including those made in China, have also proven themselves well. Models of the brand Korvet, Zubr and others are suitable for home use without increased loads.
Before buying a jigsaw machine, regardless of its brand, it is necessary to conduct tests to assess the smoothness of the working body and the noise level, to make sure that there are no extraneous sounds and vibrations. It is recommended to compare several models of different brands and purchase the option with the best performance.
Making a jigsaw with your own hands
A home-made machine, made to replace a conventional wood jigsaw, is able to provide high-quality performance of the main set of operations for curly cutting sheet materials. Depending on the purpose, it is possible to design a compact electric model or a stationary unit designed for high loads.
materials
As a basic scheme, it is most convenient to use a drawing of a simple wooden jigsaw with a flywheel and a pedal assembly and replace the mechanical drive with an electric one. If the machine is intended to be used only occasionally, a special electric motor can be dispensed with. Instead, connect any suitable power tool. It is convenient to use a screwdriver with adjustable speed.
The material for the manufacture of the machine itself is wood, while:
- the bed and the supporting pedestal for the lever bar are best made of high-strength plywood (minimum thickness - 18 mm);
- for a lever construction, it is necessary to take dense wood that is not prone to cracking under load - this is beech or oak (instead of buying bars, you can use straight legs of old chairs that are suitable in size);
- for the crank mechanism, plywood 10-12 mm thick is required;
- for the rest of the structural elements, pine lumber, various trimmings are suitable.
According to the scheme of the jigsaw machine, a bed and a supporting pedestal are made. Wood screws should be used as fasteners; it is recommended to coat the joints of wooden structural elements with PVA emulsion. It is important that the design is strong and there is no play, otherwise the accuracy of the machine will be low.
Part preparation and assembly
Next, the levers are cut desired length, at their ends, cuts are made for fastening the file. The mount is made of a steel plate 2-3 mm thick, with a pair of holes. The upper hole allows you to fix the plate on the lever, and the lower one is designed to attach the saw shank. Fasteners - screws of suitable diameter and nuts - it is more convenient to use wing-type. Mounting on the lower arm is installed in the same way.
At the next stage, the lever system is mounted on the frame. To connect the free ends of the levers, a screw tie (lanyard) is used, which makes it possible to easily adjust the tension of the saw blade.
Note! The length of the files used should be determined in advance, since the size of the lever mechanism depends on this. It is necessary to ensure the maximum possible parallelism of the levers relative to each other.
Racks need to be fastened together to create a solid support for the flywheel. The axis can be a stud or a bolt of at least 8 strength class. The flywheel with the lower lever is fastened by means of a connecting rod made of the same plywood, while the rods connecting to the lever must be metal.
At the next stage, a desktop with a swivel mechanism is made - a swivel arc with a slot must be cut out of plywood. The table is placed on the bed. To easily fix rotary mechanism in position, use a wing nut.
In this model, a screwdriver serves as an electric drive - for work it is enough to connect its cartridge with the flywheel axis. You can adjust the speed using a clamp with variable force, made of a strong strap and a small clamp (or other screw tightening).
Simple in design, a homemade machine is easy to use.
Rugged fixed construction
The design of a jigsaw for professional use is practically the same as a compact wooden model. It is only important to choose the right materials so that the unit is able to withstand increased loads and does not vibrate during operation.
- bed - heavy chipboard;
- rack under lever design- hardboard, textolite of suitable thickness;
- levers - steel square pipe;
- countertop - any durable, hard and smooth material.
Elements for fastening the blade (you can take it from an old hacksaw) are soldered to the levers or fixed with screws.
You will need a serviceable electric drive with a gearbox that will provide the necessary torque. To start the engine of a homemade jigsaw machine, it is convenient to provide a foot pedal (take it from an old electric sewing machine or make it using any suitable electric button).
When assembling the structure, metal racks and metal fasteners are used. With the help of a metal insert, you can strengthen the fastening of the connecting rod. This will reduce vibration and reduce wear.
The tabletop has a long working slot for the possibility of rotation around the longitudinal axis.
A spring is provided to tension the web. The lower lever is responsible for the movement of the working blade, the upper one helps to keep the file in a vertical position.
Thus, an electric jigsaw can be assembled on its own using scrap materials. This will not require serious financial costs, but will only take some time to search for materials, necessary details and assembly.
