Homemade stationary jigsaw for curly cutting. Do-it-yourself jigsaw machine - simple alterations! How to choose a saw blade for a certain thickness of wood

A desktop jigsaw is an indispensable thing for any owner who is used to doing housework on his own. Especially electric jigsaws are good for residents of the private sector, lovers manual labor and summer vacation. From its prototype, ordinary manual jigsaw, the desktop electric model has gone far enough. A desktop jigsaw makes it easier and faster to cut, not to mention improving quality.

The concept of desktop jigsaw

The jigsaw is a saw, which is characterized by reciprocating movements of the saw blade, which acts as a working body. It has a ski designed to guide the saw blade when moving over the surface that is being processed, and making movements at a frequency of up to 3000 vibrations per minute.

This tool was invented in 1946. Its creator is Albert Kaufman, who replaced the needle in a sewing machine with a blade. The tool appeared on sale in 1947. The manual electric jigsaw has a body with a flat platform and a handle. The main difference between an electric jigsaw and a manual jigsaw is its greater functionality and cutting quality.

Located inside Electrical engine and a special mechanism that drives the blade. In stationary jigsaws, there is no handle, and the platform is located on top. In front of the mechanism there is a guide, in the lower part there is a retractable blade that moves and makes cuts.

The tool works as follows: a table jigsaw file is securely fastened with clips in the slider. Reciprocating movements have a frequency of up to 3000 strokes and can be adjusted. The support platform allows the jigsaw to focus on the part being cut, so the work is carried out very accurately.

The purpose of the desktop jigsaw

The jigsaw is an essential accessory for every workshop and every hobbyist. His thin file can successfully cut plywood, copper, iron, thick boards, brass, steel. Instruments can be with motor, foot or manual drive and differ greater productivity. An electric jigsaw is simply indispensable for carpenters, woodworkers, furniture designers, drywall workers who make complex parts.

An electric jigsaw can perform straight and curved cuts on workpieces with complex shapes and various sheet materials without disturbing the external contour. Most often, desktop jigsaws are used for cutting wood and wooden boards, figures with a complex outline of laminate and drywall, plastic blanks, also for cutting sheet metal.

Desktop electric jigsaw makes clean cuts of complex shapes and works with small
details. Due to the stable and fixed position during operation, high cutting accuracy is achieved. The file has a stable course thanks to the tension system and guides, which manual jigsaws lack. The large size of the table makes it stable, so that a precisely defined sawing direction is observed.

Types of jigsaws

Today, a wide variety of electric jigsaws are presented on the power tool market, which differ in the nature of the application, technical characteristics, type of power supply and design features. IN construction stores can buy desktop jigsaw for every taste and budget.

By design features, it is difficult to classify, because each manufacturer seeks to provide its products with features that are designed to facilitate and improve the operation of the tool. In this regard, the shape of the handle is an important parameter.

Two types of handles have settled - mushroom-shaped and D-shaped. A jigsaw with a staple-like handle requires one-handed operation. This increases the possibility of using a jigsaw, but somewhat negatively affects the quality of the material cut.

Mushroom handles allow for more accurate cuts when holding the jigsaw with both hands, after fixing the workpiece to be cut. The choice of a jigsaw with a certain shape of the handle depends on the financial capabilities and personal preferences of the buyer. It is worth choosing the jigsaw with which it will be more convenient to work.

Household jigsaws are not intended for intensive use, but the low price of a desktop jigsaw and the power that is enough for household needs make them indispensable in household.

Professional jigsaws are characterized by high wear resistance and the possibility of many hours of daily use (up to 8 hours). The significant power of such jigsaws allows you to process materials of great thickness. Extended equipment and improved features are reflected in the price.

Among professional jigsaws, industrial ones also stand out, which are characterized by greater adaptability to complex operations and drive features - for example, increased power supply voltage. Industrial models are machines that are designed for the woodworking industry.

By type of power supply, there are network and battery electric jigsaws. Network models are powered by a standard voltage power supply. If performance is important to you, then you should choose a corded power tool.

Cordless jigsaws provide independence from the presence of sockets and greater mobility during work. When buying a battery model, you should pay attention to the type of battery. Increased performance is inherent in lithium-ion batteries. Battery capacity is responsible for the duration of work without recharging.

Advantages of desktop jigsaws

Desktop electric jigsaw is fixed structure, so this cutting type The tool has many advantages. Modern models can work with wooden materials 40-50 mm thick. A narrow saw acts as a working body, which performs vertical reciprocating movements. Due to the peculiarities of the notching of the teeth and the mechanics of the movements of the file, the material is cut out by moving upwards.

The desktop electric jigsaw allows you to cut out complex decorative details, to make longitudinal, straight, oblique and transverse cuts. The wide tabletop allows you to process large parts and make cuts inside wide workpieces. Reliable fastening protects the body from unnecessary vibrations and allows you to well position the material, so the motor can work without overloading.

The advantages of desktop jigsaws include good accuracy and clarity of cuts, high safety and ease of use, wide opportunities settings from the material and the required detail of the cut blanks.

If you need to cut small parts, a manual jigsaw will not be very convenient. It is quite heavy, so you have to hold it with one hand and guide the workpiece with the other. And the desktop jigsaw is devoid of this drawback. Perhaps the inconveniences are too large sizes and the difficulty of working with large details.

The desktop jigsaw is a kind of mini-machine for cutting workpieces. If you buy a jigsaw in a store, most likely there will be an opportunity to select the power and adjust the frequency of the saw strokes. However, you can make the simplest homemade desktop jigsaw, and very quickly. You will need a manual jigsaw, a few screws, a piece of plywood small size and only one hour of work.

Making a desktop jigsaw

A carefully made jigsaw will not be inferior to a factory-made one, and in some respects even surpasses it. It is not difficult to assemble such an electric jigsaw if there is necessary materials. Next, we describe a simple circuit such manipulations.

The design of the jigsaw includes the following components: a handle, a switch button, an insulating washer, a power cord, a frame, a heating thread, a screw clamp and an earring. First you need to make a frame. You will need a duralumin pipe with an outer diameter of up to twelve millimeters.

You can also use textolite with a thickness of at least ten millimeters or thick plywood for the base. But keep in mind, the lighter the frame, the more convenient the jigsaw will be to use. Be sure to provide a channel so that you can later lay the power cord. most best form A frame is one whose side is bent 45 degrees.

Next, you need to make an earring. It is made of copper sheet with a thickness of one millimeter. After that, it is fastened with screws to the frame, where it connects to the handle. Thus, the screw, wing nut and earring will form a clamp in which the heating thread can be fixed. The thickness of the duralumin sheet should be up to 0.8 millimeters. It is necessary to make clamping cheeks from it, between which there is a button-switch.

After that, you need to cut a gap in the plywood through which the file can pass. It can be done with a drill. To do this, it is necessary to drill holes along the marking line, and smooth the transitions. Instead of plywood, you can use plastic, metal, plexiglass and others. Next, you place and drill mounting holes on the plywood and base plate jigsaw.

Then you need to fix the jigsaw with screws on the plywood base so that the file can pass through the gap. You attach the structure to the table with a clamp so that the file is pointing up. You can also secure the platform in any way you can.
The jigsaw file remains ordinary, but the possibilities for good sawing expand due to the release of hands.

You can use a nichrome coil from any household heating device (for example, an iron) as a heating filament. It must be secured with tension between the ends of the frame bends. To heat up the thread, you need to apply a tension of about 14 V. To control the operating mode, you can use a rheostat.

The current is determined by the thickness and length of the nichrome filament. With the help of a rheostat, it will be possible to set the optimal current strength (no more than 3-5 A), which will affect the temperature to which the thread is heated. Before starting work, it is necessary to determine the current strength. But keep in mind that if the force is too high, the material being cut out can be caught in flames, and if it is not enough, it will not be taken. A do-it-yourself desktop jigsaw will allow you to cut out figures with complex contours from various types of materials.

Rules for using a desktop jigsaw

When working with a desktop jigsaw, you must adhere to some rules:

While cutting, do not press hard on the tool, otherwise, at best, the needle will break, at worst, you will spoil the work.
Change blades from time to time. old saw can spoil and destroy the surface of the material.
If you work with organic glass and non-ferrous alloys, the surface of the product must be moistened with water. Such an operation will speed up the process and extend the life of the saw.
If you are cutting a surface with a thickness of less than one millimeter, place a sheet of wood or plywood under the material being processed.
Before cutting, it is necessary to fix the material. It is better not to make long cuts by hand, the line may turn out to be crooked.
For cutting different materials appropriate blades are needed, with a special pitch and length.
Rotate the tool by turning only the back of the tool.
When cutting the laminate, an adhesive tape is glued to the cut line, which protects the material from chipping.
If the need arises for curved cuts, set the jigsaw pendulum to a minimum.

If you have not yet fully understood how to make a desktop electric jigsaw, watch a video about this procedure. This tool allows you to cut complex parts from wood and other materials, to make longitudinal, oblique, straight and transverse cuts. With the help of an electric jigsaw, you can process large parts, wide workpieces and small products, which is not superfluous at home.

The idea of \u200b\u200bcreating a homemade electric jigsaw is most often due to the shortcomings that the factory has hand tool. You can make a small desktop machine with your own hands, which will include a pusher, a reciprocating motor, a file tension system. At the same time, you do not need complex drawings– once you understand the essence, it is easy to achieve the result.

desire to create homemade jigsaw may occur for several reasons:

There is no power supply in the workshop, but it is possible to use low power internal combustion engines.
There are pneumatic motors, but the compressor power is not enough for a serial tool.
The electric motor is powered by batteries or solar panels, the power of the source is not enough for the use of power tools.
It is required to obtain saw movement parameters that are unattainable when using a serial tool.

Designing a jigsaw is not difficult. A typical structure looks like this:

The unit can be easily adapted to any torque source. A pair of pulleys (one is located on the motor shaft, the other drives the crank mechanism) allow you to vary gear ratio, reducing the load on the power unit and allowing you to get desired speed(they are also responsible for the number of saw strokes per minute) on the actuator.

A machine built according to the above scheme may have most different configuration, the material of manufacture is also selected individually. Example finished installation looks like this:

Disadvantages of a manual jigsaw

Manual electric jigsaw is designed to form even cuts. At the same time, as the rollers, rod, and pusher wear out, the saw may be beating and deviate from a straight line, and the angle of attack may change. Regardless of the quality of the tool assemblies, the following features are always present:

When the saw becomes blunt, a deviation from a straight line is observed when cutting material of uneven density (for example, low-quality chipboard). The saw is able to leave the cut line, having met a knot in the wood.
When trying to make a figured radius cut, one can observe the following picture: the upper cut line, followed by the worker, follows an exact trajectory, the lower one deviates, goes to the side, the radius becomes larger. The higher the wear of the tool and the lower the sharpness of the saw, the more pronounced this phenomenon.
Some materials cannot be worked with the pickup or bottom feed of the saw. The carpenter is required to drive the tool forward extremely evenly, which cannot be done very accurately, resulting in a beating of the saw along the entry and exit path.

It is even more difficult to work with thin, designed for curly cuts saws. If there is no practice, achieve good result very difficult, especially on thick slab or wood materials. Consider how you can make the work of a carpenter easier, and the result better.

Standard Solutions

The machine is made from a manual electric jigsaw based a simple table . This device is common, mass-produced, samples can be seen in the photographs below.

The mechanics of work is simple:

The jigsaw clearly fixes the tool, ensuring that there is no influence of the human factor (the hand can lead the jigsaw unevenly).
The presence of a support allows you to move the device without deviations along the trajectory.

With the help of a table, jigsaws begin to cut in a straight line, but the possibilities of such a device are limited. If you remove the side stop and try to guide the workpiece, forming a curved cut, the same problems of saw deflection arise. The problem can be solved by using a simple saw, rigidly fixed with a pair of rollers. Making curly cuts is now convenient and fast. How homemade and industrial products of this type look like is shown in the following photos.

Tensioners for curved cuts

To perform very thin and precise curly cuts, you can make a machine from an electric jigsaw with a saw blade tension system. The idea of \u200b\u200bdoing it yourself is as follows:

A very thin saw is used, ideally for a manual jigsaw.
A clamp is attached to the rod of the power tool, which will stretch the cutting blade.
The trajectory stabilization system will regulate both one freedom of movement and two (horizontal and vertical).

Used as tension block hand jigsaw clamp, to which the adapter is made, which in turn is inserted into jig power tool rod. To ensure the adjustment of one freedom of movement, a pair of angles and a bolt are used. The result of the implementation of the idea is presented in the following photo.

The saw provides a clear vertical movement, you can create a good tension, but there is a mandatory runout in the horizontal direction. The canvas goes with pickup, it does not move in a straight line.

The development of this idea is in the next photo. Here the part fixing the trajectory moves, and the metal clamp provides structural rigidity and mechanical resistance.

The system is stabilized in two degrees of freedom, the cut made with its help is accurate and accurate. Using a diamond-coated cord for a hand jigsaw, you can cut glass without the formation of sloppy chips on the edges.

Devices for extremely fine work

If you need to work extremely delicately and slowly, you will need to reduce the force on the cutting blade and at the same time provide a strong tension and precise movement of the file. To do this, a homemade jigsaw is equipped spacers with long shoulders.

In this case, the power tool does not operate in the cut zone, but at some distance. This allows, depending on the wishes of the carpenter, to adjust the force, speed and amplitude of the saw movement. One of the options for implementing the idea is presented in the following photo.

Depending on the needs of the master, the structure can be made of steel, have additional fixing zones, the power tool can not be installed rigidly, but with the possibility of movement within its support beam.

In practice, such solutions are rarely used. For fine work that are performed constantly, it is much more profitable to purchase a specialized band saw which will ensure quality and performance.

As can be seen from the presented designs, a jigsaw can be made even from sewing machine having a moving rod.

For curly cutting on wood, a hand-held jigsaw was traditionally used - a simple tool with a thin file that allows you to create elegant patterns from wood. Later invented jigsaw machine, working on muscular traction like a foot sewing machine or potter's wheel.

The development of technology and the emergence of compact electric motors of low power led to the creation of a manual electric jigsaw, and then the corresponding electrified machine, which you can make yourself.

Purpose

Stationary units that ensure the movement of the file vertically allow you to cut out sheet materials details of complex shape, elements with curved edges. If you insert a file into a through hole drilled in the workpiece, you can make a curly contour inside the product.

With the help of jigsaw machines, workpieces from various sheet materials are processed, including:

solid wood;
plywood;
wood-based boards (chipboard, fiberboard, MDF);
aluminum;
plastic.

With the help of a jigsaw machine, it will be possible to increase labor productivity and significantly improve the quality of processing curly edges of products. This is due to the fact that a working person has both hands free and he can position the workpiece as accurately as possible relative to the moving cutting blade. This is the main advantage of a stationary tool with an electric drive from a manual jigsaw.

Jigsaws are installed in school and home workshops, and this type of equipment is also used in furniture production and in the manufacture musical instruments. Modern laser machines can be used instead of jigsaws, since they provide the highest cutting accuracy along a given contour, but their use limits the effect of burnt ends of parts.

Device

The desktop jigsaw machine consists of the following elements:

bed ( supporting structure, on which all mechanisms and components are mounted);
Desktop;
electric drive;
crank mechanism (responsible for converting the rotation of the motor shaft into the reciprocating movement of the file);
double rocker (equipped with clamps for files and a tensioning mechanism).

The machines produced today are mostly designed for the use of files with a length of 200-350 mm and a working stroke of 30-50 mm. Files differ in width (2-10 mm), thickness (0.6-1.25 mm) and type of shanks - they come with pins and without pins. The latter are more convenient, since in order to cut the inner contour, it is necessary to drill a hole in the workpiece through which the end of the file must pass. If there is a pin, the hole should be noticeably larger. Some models of jigsaws allow you to mount files of both types, including the old model, from a Soviet hand tool. Files also differ in the size of the teeth and their arrangement - it can be straight or spiral.

Tool selection

To choose a good machine suitable for the solution specific tasks, it is necessary to pay attention to its power. The main part of the models is equipped with an electric drive with a power of 90 to 500 watts. For home use the optimal power is 150-200 watts.

An important selection criterion is the presence of two speeds of the unit. In the standard version - 600 and 1000 rpm. This makes it possible to select the appropriate mode for working with materials of various densities.

The desktop is fixed and swivel. Fixing the table at an inclination allows cutting material at specified angles other than 90°. There are also models that provide table height adjustment - this allows you to extend the service life of the file, since you can use its different sections along the entire length, and not just the central part, for work.

Manufacturers equip jigsaws with a variety of options, including:

a compressor for removing chips from the marking line with an air jet;
drilling unit;
illumination of the working area;
blade fencing (will not allow fingers to contact with a moving file);
clamping device (prevents vibration of thin sheet material).

Additional options increase the cost of the jigsaw, but do not fundamentally affect its functionality.

Manufacturers

On the power tool market, there are different kinds jigsaws: from devices designed for creative work at home to high-performance models designed for professional use. In addition to machines that use conventional files, you can find band saws on sale.

The list of popular brands includes Bosch, Negner, Einhell, Proxxon, Makita, DeWALT, JET, Xendoll, Excalibur, Kroton, Korvet, Zubr.

The leader in quality and reliability is the products of well-known German brands Bosch, Einhell and Hegner. In addition, the lines of jigsaws include a wide range of models of various capacities and configurations, which makes it possible to choose a high-quality electric jigsaw for the home, which is optimal in terms of functionality.

Budget models, including those made in China, have also proven themselves well. Models of the brand Korvet, Zubr and others are suitable for home use without increased loads.

Before buying a jigsaw machine, regardless of its brand, it is necessary to conduct tests to assess the smoothness of the working body and the noise level, to make sure that there are no extraneous sounds and vibrations. It is recommended to compare several models of different brands and purchase the option with the best performance.

Making a jigsaw with your own hands

Homemade machine made to replace ordinary jigsaw on wood, is able to provide high-quality performance of the main set of operations for figured cutting of sheet materials. Depending on the purpose, it is possible to design a compact electric model or a stationary unit designed for high loads.

materials

As a basic scheme, it is most convenient to use a drawing of a simple wooden jigsaw with a flywheel and a pedal assembly and replace the mechanical drive with an electric one. If the machine is intended to be used only occasionally, a special electric motor can be dispensed with. Instead, connect any suitable power tool. It is convenient to use a screwdriver with adjustable speed.

The material for the manufacture of the machine itself is wood, while:

the bed and the supporting pedestal for the lever bar are best made of high-strength plywood (minimum thickness - 18 mm);
for a lever construction, it is necessary to take dense wood that is not prone to cracking under load - this is beech or oak (instead of buying bars, you can use straight legs of old chairs that are suitable in size);
for the crank mechanism, plywood 10-12 mm thick is required;
for the rest of the structural elements, pine lumber, various trimmings are suitable.

According to the scheme of the jigsaw machine, a bed and a supporting pedestal are made. As fasteners, use wood screws, joints wooden elements structures are recommended to be coated with PVA emulsion. It is important that the design is strong and there is no play, otherwise the accuracy of the machine will be low.

Part preparation and assembly

Next, the levers are cut desired length, at their ends, cuts are made for fastening the file. The mount is made of a steel plate 2-3 mm thick, with a pair of holes. The upper hole allows you to fix the plate on the lever, and the lower one is designed to attach the saw shank. Fasteners - screws of suitable diameter and nuts - it is more convenient to use wing-type. Mounting on the lower arm is installed in the same way.

At the next stage, the lever system is mounted on the frame. To connect the free ends of the levers, a screw tie (lanyard) is used, which makes it possible to easily adjust the tension of the saw blade.

Note! The length of the files used should be determined in advance, since the size of the lever mechanism depends on this. It is necessary to ensure the maximum possible parallelism of the levers relative to each other.

Racks need to be fastened together to create a solid support for the flywheel. The axis can be a stud or a bolt of at least 8 strength class. The flywheel with the lower lever is fastened by means of a connecting rod made of the same plywood, while the rods connecting to the lever must be metal.

At the next stage, a desktop with a swivel mechanism is made - a swivel arc with a slot must be cut out of plywood. The table is placed on the bed. To easily fix rotary mechanism in position, use a wing nut.

In this model, a screwdriver serves as an electric drive - for work it is enough to connect its cartridge with the flywheel axis. You can adjust the speed using a clamp with variable force, made of a strong strap and a small clamp (or other screw tightening).

Simple in design homemade machine convenient to work.

Rugged fixed construction

The design of the jigsaw machine for professional use practically indistinguishable from compact wooden model. It is only important to choose the right materials so that the unit is able to withstand increased loads and does not vibrate during operation.

bed - heavy chipboard;
rack under lever design- hardboard, textolite of suitable thickness;
levers - steel square pipe;
countertop - any durable, hard and smooth material.

Elements for fastening the blade (you can take it from an old hacksaw) are soldered to the levers or fixed with screws.

You will need a serviceable electric drive with a gearbox that will provide the necessary torque. To start the engine of a homemade jigsaw machine, it is convenient to provide a foot pedal (take it from an old electric sewing machine or make it using any suitable electric button).

When assembling the structure, metal racks and metal fasteners are used. With the help of a metal insert, you can strengthen the fastening of the connecting rod. This will reduce vibration and reduce wear.

The tabletop has a long working slot for the possibility of rotation around the longitudinal axis.

A spring is provided to tension the web. The lower lever is responsible for the movement of the working blade, the upper one helps to keep the file in a vertical position.

Thus, an electric jigsaw can be assembled on its own using scrap materials. This will not require serious financial costs, but will only take some time to search for materials, necessary details and assembly.

Using a desktop jigsaw at home, you can make furniture, beautiful patterned shelves and much more. The mechanism allows you to cut smooth and sinuous parts from wood, plastic and dense foam materials. In order for a home-made device to fully meet the requirements, it is necessary to carefully select the appropriate design.

Design and specifications

The device of any model of an electric jigsaw machine must contain:

saw;
crank assembly;
drive unit;
saw tension device;
Desktop;
auxiliary mechanisms.

The processed material keeps within on a desktop. Some models are equipped with a rotary device that changes the slope of the surface. To make it easier to mark the material with your own hands, graduation is applied to the surface.

How larger size table, the longer the cut can be made. On average, this figure is 30 - 40 cm.

The drive power for a homemade desktop machine is about 150 watts.

The crank assembly converts the rotational movement of the drive into reciprocating and transfers it to the saw. On average, the oscillation frequency of the file per minute is 800 - 1000. The vertical movement amplitude is not more than 5 cm. Some models allow you to select the movement speed depending on the properties of the material.

A manual jigsaw file can work with wood, plastic with a thickness of not more than 10 cm, having a length of up to 35 cm. For different types materials and works of the file vary, their width is 2 - 10 mm.

The manual tension device secures the saw blade for uniform sawing, it is a helical or leaf spring.

Types of machines

Structurally, all jigsaw devices can be divided:

with bottom caliper;
with double support;
on suspension;
with degree scale and stops;
universal.

The most common are models with a lower caliper. Their bed is divided into two halves: lower and upper. At the top there is a cutting and cleaning module. At the bottom there is a control module, an electric motor, a transmission mechanism and a toggle switch. Allows you to process sheets of material of any size.

Double caliper models differ in that there is an additional rail on the upper half of the bed. Such devices are good for creating oversized parts. They are easier to install than the previous version. Both models allow you to process material no thicker than 8 cm. A working table with angle and height adjustment is attached to the machine.

Suspension machines are not equipped with a monolithic bed, they are very mobile. During processing, the cutting module moves, not the material. The working module is usually attached to the ceiling with its own hands, so the size of the material is unlimited. Cutting tool moves manually independently of the bed, creating very complex patterns.

Machines with a degree scale and stops are good for precise work on drawings. The design allows you to avoid errors. Universal jigsaws can perform several operations associated with cutting: drilling, polishing, grinding.

Making a machine with your own hands

Drawing homemade desktop jigsaw: 1 - rocker insert (2 pcs.), 2 - earring (2 pcs.), 3 - table, 4.6 - screws, 5 - thrust, 7 - eccentric, 8 - base, 9 - axes of earrings, 10 - upper rocker , 11 - axis of the rocker, 12 - lamb, 13 - cross member of the tension screw (2 pcs), 14 - tension screw, 15 - rocking stand, 16 - lower rocker, 17 - box, 18 - two-strand pulley, 19 - intermediate shaft, 20 - rack bushing, 21 - table plate, 22 - bearing with cover (2 pcs.), 23 - electric motor pulley.

In the drawing of a do-it-yourself desktop machine, the number of nodes must be minimized, these are: a rocking chair with a fixed saw, a frame and an electric motor. You can take the engine from an old electric machine.

Owners of a manual jigsaw were more fortunate. From a sheet of plywood, you can make a stand and attach a jigsaw to it. To fix the jigsaw with your own hands, you will have to make holes in the base of the tool. The most simple model ready.

Now about more complex and functional ones. The do-it-yourself bed is made of 12 mm plywood, thick plastic or textolite. It is a base, a box for placing the engine and mechanisms, and a work table. On the other hand, we have a rocking chair with an eccentric. They are interconnected by a metal plate with bushing bearings. The whole structure is fastened with screws. To mount the intermediate shaft, prepare a pair of bearings. The two-strand metal pulley is mounted on the shaft as tightly as possible, the screw connection is fixed. In the same way, you can make an eccentric.

To change the amplitude of the rocking chair, four round ones are made on the eccentric flange. through holes with threads, remote from the axis at different distances. By changing the installation location of the screw, the swing of the rocking chair is adjusted. It is a pair of wooden yokes hinged to a rack. The rear ends of the rocker arms contain through cuts, tension screws are inserted into them. A file is fixed to the ends in front, movable due to metal hinges. Before fastening, the file is inserted into the groove of the working surface of the table.

The saw blade attachment mechanism is very important. In the manufacture homemade device with his own hands he should be given Special attention. The insert plates of the rocker arms carry constant loads during movement, therefore they are rigidly fixed and tightened with screws and Grover washers. The fastening earrings should not be strongly compressed by the screws, allowing the hinge axis of the plate to move.

An electric jigsaw is a type of woodworking equipment. Currently, the choice is presented not only in the usual manual version but also in electricity. These models, for example, Vario 502 dks, dremel have high performance, quite easy to use, equipped with a large number of removable components.

You can use these devices both in the household and in production. Today, such a mechanism can be bought ready-made or made by hand, for example, from an old sewing machine.

1 Technology of use

The main working element of a manual jigsaw is small nail files, which usually have a length of 50 to 120 mm. This is driven by an existing electric motor and performs translational movements vertically during the processing of the product. In some mechanisms, it works according to the pendulum type.

The workpiece itself in this design is attached directly to the sole of the equipment. Such fixation makes it easier for the worker to operate the system and freely adjust the angle of the tool. The safety of the operator in this design is ensured by the presence of a special screen.

These models appeared in mass sale in last years. Previously, they tried to make home use from a sewing machine. Today, there is no need for this. The choice of models is very large.

1.1 Advantages and disadvantages of using electric jigsaws

TO strengths It is this technique that must be attributed:

Possibility of using the device for a wide range of woodworking thanks to a large number replacement sheets.
Greater reliability in use: due to the wide web of such a mechanism, it is possible to avoid breaking parts made of wood, tiles during processing, and also to perform any complex contours with a minimum of effort.
The ability to feed the wood blank with two hands by attaching it to the canvas. Previously, without such a device, working with samples manual type was much more complex.
Simplicity in the processing of any canvases - even a relatively small the jigsaw can easily handle wood with a thickness of 50 mm, not to mention more powerful models.
Wide range of processing options.

Among the disadvantages of using such a device, a short stroke of the samples is usually noted, due to which the work with thick sheets becomes much more difficult.

Also, the inability to make the bending radius as small as when using a manual sample (due to the features of the saw blade attachment).

2 Scope of machine tools

Modern electric jigsaws are applicable for following works to choose from:

Sawing complex contours from a sheet blank.
Processing inner surface workpiece without violating its contour integrity.
Finishing of some samples.

A desktop jigsaw is used mainly for processing wooden blanks. Most often it is used in the manufacture of furniture, musical instruments. In recent years, they have also often been used for the production of decor items, as well as souvenirs.

2.1 Consumables

The main consumables that a desktop jigsaw has are files, including spiral ones. They differ in length, size of teeth, distance between them. and are selected for each material individually.

Usually equipping a jigsaw machine with their own hands and buying files for it, experts recommend navigating the choice Supplies to the following features:

For sawing on blanks made of wood or plywood, saws are selected in increments of 2-4 mm.
Metal samples, as well as plastic, are usually processed by choosing 1-2 mm files, including spiral ones. Masters who form reviews on the use of such components recommend stopping here on models with a wavy edge. The choice of those is very large.
When working with tiles, special saw blades with an abrasive coating are used.

You can choose these elements for processing wood and other materials not only based on reviews, but also based on specifications equipment of your choice.

After all, almost every machine has a list of consumables, including all files suitable for it for certain products.

Also, do not forget about additional elements such a design, which, for example, in the models Dewalt, Dremel, Holzstar, Vario 502 dks include a drilling block and air pump. Their choice is great.

2.2 Design features of jigsaws

Currently, an electric jigsaw machine, in addition to those products that are created at home with their own hands, is presented on the market in a huge amount various products. Their choice is really wide. Among them are the models Dewalt, Holzstar, Vario 502 dks.

They are classified according to the following features:

In order to choose the right jigsaw, you need to It is necessary to analyze the device in all respects. And then you can get the perfect component for any task. You can also assemble a desktop jigsaw with your own hands using general recommendations for the production of such devices.

It will not be difficult to do it yourself from a sewing machine, or another similar mechanism. The main thing is to study the design device well, select the necessary components and do everything to make the model reliable.