Seeder manual do-it-yourself drawings. Do-it-yourself manual precision seeder. How the universal planter works

A fully functional seeder is made from improvised materials: cans, plastic bottles, other recyclables. A tool made of metal plates is intended for large farms, where the goal is the industrial scale of growing vegetables and herbs. Making a metal seeder requires professional skills, but this tool can also be made by hand, especially if they are gold.

A seeder for carrots must perform the following functions:

sowing in rows without gaps;
evenly (through a certain interval) distribute the seeds in rows;
issue a certain amount seed for 1 running meter(in pieces, grams);
lay seeds at a specified depth in the soil;
do not damage the seed;
fill the grooves with loose soil after laying.

How to make a manual seeder out of metal

Manual seeder made of metal - a prototype, in terms of functionality and design close to the tools made in the factory. This mechanical device is useful for large farms, greenhouses that grow carrots and other vegetables on an industrial scale. As a result, sowing time is reduced, labor costs are saved by reducing the time for thinning seedlings. Seeds are sown in a row, after a certain interval, which is adjusted manually. Seeder control principle - mechanical, manual.

The principle of operation of the manual seeder

When pushing the seeder, the wheels rotate, and with them the shaft, which, in turn, performs the function of a dispenser. On the shaft there are small recesses into which the seeds fall. Turning around the axis, the roller takes the portion from the bunker. When passing the brush, the excess seed is removed from the recesses and one seed remains in them. With further turning of the wheels and the shaft, the seeds fall out of the niche directly into the prepared furrow.

The advantage of a manual seeder is that recesses of different diameters are usually made on one shaft in a certain order. This allows you to sow seeds of various vegetable crops such as carrots, beets, greens, peas, beans, etc. If necessary, the cell size and their number are reduced with natural wax.
Yulia Petrichenko, expert

In the manufacture of a seeder, recesses are made taking into account the required distance between seedlings of crops. Also, the length of the shaft, and, consequently, the distance between the furrows, can be made more or less than indicated in the drawing.

It should be remembered that the maximum length, diameter of the shaft and wheels are dependent on each other. Specify the parameters by carrying out mathematical calculations.

Materials and tools

To make a seed drill you will need:

Sheet steel 1.5 mm thick.
Scissors, hacksaw for metal.
Soldering iron and hard solder.
Short bushings.
1 mm thick steel strip for slider.
Metal plate 0.1 mm thick.
Brass rod with a diameter of 15 mm or a nut with an internal thread diameter of 8 mm.
Steel solid bar with a diameter of 18 mm.
Metal bushings 1 mm thick - for wheel hubs.
Locksmith tools: pincers, pliers, lathe, ruler.
Drilling machine or hand power tool.
Wooden handle.

Since the work is supposed to be serious, a person with certain skills should be involved in the preparation, assembly, and processing of parts. It requires technical knowledge, the ability to read blueprints and work with metal and plumbing tools.

Drawing homemade manual seeder

Despite the seeming complexity of making a manual metal seeder, the whole difficulty lies in correctly cutting and processing the parts. Following the drawing, any person with golden hands will quickly assemble the necessary and necessary tool in gardening.

Calculation of planter parameters

We determine the approximate number of recesses on the shaft for seeds according to the formula:

n = (3,14.D.q.i)/(W.K),

where D - wheel diameter, m; q - the required number of seeds per 1 linear meter of furrow, pcs.; i- gear ratio from the wheels to the shaft, when installed in the same level, it is equal to the length of the shaft; B - germination of the sown material, in shares; K - coefficient taking into account the viscosity of the soil and wheel slip (taken equal to 0.96 ... 0.98).

where d - shaft diameter, m; n is the number of rows.

When choosing the parameters of the seeder, consider the following: larger diameter shaft, the better is the capture of seeds and distribution in the recesses. Therefore, sowing occurs more evenly. With this in mind, choose a shaft with a diameter of at least 40 mm.

Step-by-step instructions: do-it-yourself manual seeder

The main stages of preparation:

From sheet metal 1.5 mm thick, cut blanks according to the drawing: wheel disks, hopper walls and others. Sand the edges and holes if necessary.
Connect the body parts along the lines, solder with hard solder.
Solder the sliding supports - short bushings - into the holes of the side parts.
Between the rear wall and the shaft, make a minimum gap.
On the front wall from the outside, solder the sleeve for wooden handle. From the inside, in the upper part, install the bracket for the adjusting nut from above, for the slider guide - from below.
Make a slider from a strip of steel 1 mm thick and bend it as shown in the drawing. Solder a brush from a thin steel strip 0.1 mm to the part.
from brass to lathe turn the adjusting nut with a 0.8 mm collar.
A shaft with 45 degree chamfers on both sides is machined from a steel bar with a diameter of 18 mm.
On the shaft, drill 6-8 notches with a diameter of not more than 0.4 mm (for carrots), 0.6 mm (for larger seeds). Maintain a distance between rows of at least 20 mm and make notches in a checkerboard pattern, then the seeds will be distributed evenly in the furrows. On one shaft in this design, 2 rows are provided. If more seed spacing is needed, leave one row and increase the spacing between the holes. Accordingly, the number of cells will decrease to 3-4.
Saw the wheel rims along the outer diameter with a hacksaw or scissors towards the center at the points where the center line of holes with a diameter of 10 mm passes. The number of cuts is equal to the number of holes (12). Bend each petal with pliers outward at an angle of 45 degrees.
Cut out the wheel hubs from 1 mm thick metal, bend and solder into the holes of the discs with a diameter of 20 mm.
Assemble the seeder in the following order: put the body on the shaft, then the wheels, fix the parts, put the wooden handle.

A simple seeder for carrots from improvised materials

People say: "For a good owner, everything goes into business." So a single-row seeder for small seeds can be made with your own hands from recycled materials. Author convenient fixture is Alexander Ivanovich Boldarev from Cherkasy.

Materials and tools

To make a smart planter you will need:

Shaft - metal or plastic from a thick-walled water pipe.
Wheel - from an empty tin can. Also suitable are wheels from a children's bicycle, etc.
Retaining rings for the wheel.
Bunker - from plastic bottle, food container, empty shampoo bottle.
Foam rubber.
Screw M4 - 4-8 pcs.
Nut M4 - 4-8 pcs.
Transport bracket - 1 pc.
The handle is wooden.
Restrictive ring (or clamp) - 2-4 pcs.

Tools and fixtures for work:

Screwdriver.
Drill (can be manual).
Drills of different diameters.
Knife and scissors.

Scheme of a seeder from improvised materials

Instructions: how to assemble the seeder

Prepare all parts according to the drawing. Start with the shaft. In the middle plastic pipe drill holes of different diameters with a drill - for large and small seeds. Attention! Do not drill through the pipe.
Make wheels out of empty cans. For better grip on the soil, rubber rings can be put on the wheels in several rows. In the middle, cut a hole along the diameter of the shaft with scissors.
Cut the hopper out of a plastic bottle: cut off the bottom, make holes for the shaft in the walls on two opposite sides. The neck of the bottle should look down.
Slide the hopper onto the shaft. Lay the foam rubber and glue it to the walls of the bottle so that excess seeds are removed from the shaft when turning. That is, after passing through the foam brush, the shaft should give out cells with 1-2 seeds in each.
Fasten the transport bracket to the shaft.
Put the wheels on the shaft, fix with screws.
Fix the hopper - attach with screws to the bracket through the metal plate. When the shaft rotates, the hopper must remain in place.
Insert a wood handle.

A simple seeder for carrots and other vegetables greatly reduces labor costs. Sowing time is reduced to a few minutes per bed. The one-time cost of making a seeder is more than offset by the quick and easy planting of the future crop. The service life of such a device is at least 5 years.

And what seeder do you use for planting carrots, herbs, vegetables? Share your secret with readers in the comments below.

Each of us knows how important it is to sow the seeds of certain vegetable crops on time and correctly in order to obtain good harvest in future. In theory, everything is easy, simple and understandable, but in practice, often there is simply not enough time to sow large areas in a limited time. In addition, when sowing, one should also treat the seeds themselves sparingly, especially if they are bought to spare. In order to solve these problems as efficiently as possible, special seeders were created that can be purchased at any agricultural equipment store. But such a device can not only be bought, but also created with your own hands from improvised material, which will be discussed in this article.

Requirements for manual seeders do it yourself

A manual home-made seeder for sowing seeds of various vegetables and flowers must meet the following requirements:

The seeder must accurately and evenly sow seeds in rows and beds.
Seeding of seeds should be carried out at a certain, calculated depth of the soil.
The seeder must precisely observe the straightness of all rows and the specified row spacing.

The designs of manual homemade seeders are quite simple, although they may differ in some details and additions. Do-it-yourself manual seeders are made from the following parts:

seed box;
sowing roller;
two bearings;
two running wheels;
two brackets for attaching the coulter;
handle with bracket.

Do-it-yourself manual precision seeders

Manual precision seeders, made by hand, due to their high accuracy, can be used in greenhouses / greenhouses / nurseries / flower beds, as well as in individual gardens. Compared to conventional manual sowing, labor productivity with the use of a home-made seeder increases by about 10-15 times.

Of course, there is nothing easier than buying a manual seeder in a specialized store, but it is much more economical to make such a device yourself, because it is not so hard to do, especially for those who have basic metalworking skills.

No vegetable garden is complete without healthy carrots.

If a person has a garden, then he tries to grow his products on it. This is right, because only by planting crops with our own hands, we can be sure of their quality and usefulness. The work of a summer resident cannot be called simple, during the season you need to do a lot of different things, without which you cannot get a harvest. To facilitate the work, you can use different devices - a carrot seeder is a good example of this. You can buy it in the store, do it yourself, there are many options and let's get to know them.

This is interesting! Nowadays, there are more than 60 varieties of the orange root crop, its original homeland is Afghanistan. Europeans learned about carrots around the 10th century.

Shop options for seeders

Syringe

Pretty simple and affordable for everyone. As you can see in the photo, the syringe has a transparent cylinder where carrot seeds are placed, and a rod that pushes them through a special hole in the base. Such a device is sold in garden stores, in hardware stores. Convenient, simple. The price, depending on the region, is about 100-150 rubles.

The second option, and which has long won respect among summer residents, is a seeder for sowing carrots, which is shown in the photo below. The principle is the same as that of a syringe - the seeds are placed in a barrel, after which they are pressed through with the help of a rod and a spring into rows in the garden. Very budgetary - up to 100 rubles and a simple option. But these two planters are suitable for small areas that can be planted by hand without much difficulty. But if you need to sow a solid area in the garden, then you will already have to purchase more serious units, about them a little later.

Seeder roller

Convenient, technically simple device. Rollers are produced both in our country, and there are foreign analogues. The price of the Russian unit is 200-250 rubles. You can buy such a device in garden stores and online stores. The principle of operation is elementary - a round case opens, seeds are poured, the lid closes. After that, the handle-handle is inserted and sowing is carried out in rows that were made in advance.

The big advantage of such a roller is that you do not need to bend over, as is the case with the first two devices, because the handle can even be made with your own hands and for the required height. The roller makes it possible to easily sow a large garden, but if your area is impressive, then the units will suit you, which are described below. But it is worth noting that we will talk about planters for small family crops, which are suitable for self made in the garden, and not about complex machines with many nozzles for fields like walk-behind tractors.

On a note! The advantage of such a seeder-roller is that it is suitable for sowing not only carrots, but also other vegetables, herbs and even peas.

Precision seeder

For carrots, for beets, for peas and other crops, such devices are perfect. Yes, they already cost an order of magnitude more expensive, but they also make work much easier. Again, such aggregates can have complex structure, simple, differ in dimensions, functionality, be from our manufacturers and foreign ones. This affects the cost. See below for examples of commonly used seeders and their photos.

Precision seeding units:

COP-1/1. Seeder from the company "Rosta", single-row. May have different design- either sow with a brush mechanism or with a sleeve. Quite an inexpensive option - up to 3 thousand rubles. A lot of seeds fit in the bean basket. It can sow different crops, for which the bushings that come with the kit change;
1001-B. This seeder is already from Earthway, which is located in America. The option is compact, lightweight - up to 4 kg, can plant different crops and medicinal herbs, sowing depth is adjusted. The kit includes six discs that change and make it possible to plant 28 crops, including both vegetables and greens. The price of the unit is more expensive - up to 7-8 thousand;
Seeder SMK-1. Again from the company "Rosta", good unit, which you can simply attach to the handle and further control it. Price - up to 1000 rubles. The mechanism has brushes and a shaft, sowing is carried out in one row. If your area is large, then you can purchase a different modification - the SMK-5 seeder is five-row, sows crops to a width of 6 cm, SMK-2 is two-row. The width can be adjusted from 6 to 24 cm. Pour seeds into the container and sow, everything is quite simple, but at the same time effective;
AL-KO US 45. Very a good option precision seed drills for both carrots and other crops and for fertilizer spreading. It costs no more than 2 thousand rubles, you can order on the Internet. German unit, convenient in that it has a tank of 22 liters, where you can fill up a lot of seeds, fertilizers, as well as a handle that is easy to hold with both hands.

Of course, there are very, very many seeders, each company has its own, but the principle of operation is largely similar, the efficiency is also, only the cost can differ many times over. If you have a garden, large or small, next to a private house or in the country, then these planters are perfect, do not take up much space and do not require special skills. Well, we are moving on to the second part, and these will be life hacks on how to make simple fixtures for sowing small-seeded crops with your own hands and at no cost.

On a note! Nowadays, there is a special adhesive tape on sale, on which the seeds have already been applied at the right distance. It just needs to be buried in rows, sprinkled with soil and watered, as with normal sowing.

Do-it-yourself seeders for carrots

Plastic bottle

This is the most common dacha device for sowing small seeds. We take a bottle of 1.5 liters, unscrew the cap, make a hole. This can be done with a screwdriver. We insert a tube for juice here, fix it at the base with threads or tape. We mix the seeds with sand so that they do not pour thickly and at the same time there is drainage. We plant in rows and water.

paste and bottle

This is the second version of a manual carrot seeder, which you can do with your own hands and again from a bottle. We also make a hole in the lid, but without a tube. We cook a sticky mass from a liter of water and a spoonful of flour. Pour the seeds here and mix them thoroughly. Pour into a bottle and plant. The nutrient mass will distribute the seeds so that we need a minimum pick.

egg cartons

This is not a seeder, but a sowing method. 2-3 containers are taken from under the eggs, inserted into each other to create a density, after which we press the ground with them, and pour the seeds into the resulting cells. Here you can use seeders from the store in the form of a syringe or a barrel. Suitable method for a small garden.

Pill box

We need a box that has a dispenser, such as from medicines, baby dragees, from substitute sugar. It has a kind of button, which makes it possible to pour exactly one tablet. This elementary item can also be used in the garden by mixing the seeds with sand, and now the homemade carrot seeder is ready. Suitable for small plot. At the same time, the box must initially be opened so that you can fill in the seed. Even easier, you can use an old salt shaker for spices and salt.

Nowadays, there is an opportunity to buy and make a lot of things with your own hands. different devices, which will help to facilitate the work in the country. By saving time in the garden, you can spend more time with loved ones.

The body of the seeder consists of two side parts (1), one front (4) and rear (3) walls made of metal plates with a thickness of 1; 5 mm. The parts are connected with rivets or countersunk screws. In turn, the front wall is a mandrel for moving the guide (5) and brush (7). The latter is made from an ordinary flat brush in a metal frame, which is soldered to the guide. The brush is moved by means of a screw (6), which is screwed into an M4 nut soldered to the guide (5).

Do-it-yourself manual precision seed drill first drawing

The main part of the seeder is the axle (2), which has recesses according to the size of the seeds. The drawing shows two rows of such recesses (4 and 6 mm). If necessary, you can make additional rows for other sizes of seeds. The axis can be moved both to the right and to the left relative to the body and fixed in the desired position so that recesses are located inside the body under the brush right size. This is done using two rings (9). The axis is inserted into the body, then rings with M4 screws are put on it and the axis is fixed in the desired position, while it is important that it rotates evenly without jamming. Wheels (8) are attached to the ends of the axle, which are made of metal 1.5 mm thick. around the circumference rims 12 holes are drilled with a diameter of 10-12 mm. Then, a radial cut is made at each hole (see the drawing), the resulting teeth are turned with pliers by 45 degrees relative to the plane of the disk. The wheels are attached to the ends of the axle with Mb screws with Grover washers. A branch pipe from a thin-walled tube of suitable diameter is attached to the front wall (4) for handle attachment.

Do-it-yourself manual precision seed drill second drawing

At the front and rear walls the size along the length is approximate, it is desirable to make them longer and fit in place when installing the axis. It is important that the gaps between the axle and the walls of the assembled seeder are minimal, that is, sufficient for easy rotation of the axle, but at the same time seeds should not get stuck in them.

So, the planter is ready. Seeds are poured into the hopper (10), having previously installed recesses of the desired size under the brush. The seeder is placed on a well-prepared bed, by pressing the handle, the body is deepened to the recommended (for this type of seed) depth and pulled along the markings on the bed. In this case, the front wedge-shaped part of the body makes a groove, and the seeds that fall into the depressions of the axis fall evenly into the groove. The brush sweeps away excess seeds. Seeding uniformity can first be checked on a flat surface (table, floor, plank, etc.).

Note: on general view seeders, the front side panel is conventionally shown transparent, so the internal structure is visible.

" Carrot

Planting carrots always takes a lot of time. If the seedlings are sown in random order, then as they emerge, they will have to be thinned out and weak sprouts removed. To reduce the time for planting, as well as to plant evenly, use seeders. You can buy them or make your own.

Seeders made for manual sowing are divided into several types:

Fertilizers- are recommended to simplify the process of fertilization or distribution of lime throughout the territory;
garden- designed for sowing seeds for agricultural needs in areas near the house or gardens;
Cereals- provide for landing in vast areas - in grain fields.

A simple seeder can be made from improvised material without spending much money. But all simple devices are made only for the hole, that is, it is often problematic or almost impossible to adjust the required volume of the hole.

If you make a simple do-it-yourself seeder, it is recommended to provide for the moment of planting various planting material. It is necessary so that the hole made of a sheet of iron can be regulated.

The advantages of such a device are:

Uniform seeding planting material;
Accommodation on the same depth;
the same distance between landings;
Simplicity in use;
Ease in building.

With the help of such a unit, you can quickly land a vast area in a short time. After working with a seeder for carrots, you will not have to pull out extra seedlings, injuring those that remain for further growth.

Manual seed planter

This type of planting technology is used in large areas. It is able to create even grooves, to impose a uniform amount of seeds in them. It can be used not only for planting carrots, but also beets, onions, parsley, lettuce or other small seeds.

The groove is made by moving the wheel, on which special blades or spikes are located. With these growths, the wheel creates holes of a certain size with the same depth.

The device of the seeder is such that a spout extends from the hopper through which a certain amount of seeds is sown. The supply of seedlings is strictly regulated by a special valve.

At the back there is an additional wheel with smooth surface, which, when moving, falls asleep and rams the pits with planting material.

Some manual planters may have multiple planting rows and also be adjustable for the depth of the indentation.

piston

The piston seeder for carrots looks like a plastic container, of a cylindrical nature. It is placed in it planting material. At the bottom there is an adjustable cone hole for sowing seedlings into the soil. On top of this device is a piston equipped with a spring.

This unit works on the principle of squeezing a certain amount into a pre-prepared recess in the ground. So that the seedlings do not scatter in different directions, the piston seeder is placed 5 cm above ground level.

Some farmers consider the piston planter a problematic device, while replacing it with an ordinary medical syringe. But working with a syringe brings a lot of inconvenience:

When squeezing seeds, they often scatter in different directions;
The pressure on the syringe cannot be controlled, therefore, the seeds are poured out in different volumes.

The piston planting system is designed for large areas, and with a syringe you can’t sow much. Therefore, it is better to use a piston with a springy pressure.

funnel-shaped

One of the simplest mechanisms is a large dispenser with a miniature "nose". The cone that goes into the ground has a hole, the volume of which can be adjusted by the diaphragm inside.

The funnel is installed above the soil surface at a height of up to 15 cm and the preparation is gently shaken.. Seeds, rolling out along the groove, evenly fit into the furrow.

Using such a funnel-bowl, it is possible to achieve regular, even grooves, while not thickened by an excessive amount of seeds.

The disadvantage is the need to adapt or adapt to such work.. If you shake often or strongly, then you can plant the seeds not at all in the groove, but around the entire area.

Planter for carrots from a bar

This planting method is similar to the egg tray planting method. For the production of a planter from a bar, several plastic caps And wooden block. Its dimensions can be arbitrary, but it is better to stick to the checked volume of a wooden plank - 5x5x50 cm.

Covers are nailed on one side. The earth needs to be well loosened so that it is airy and soft. Smooth sideways upper layer soil. The side with the lids is lowered into the soil and pressed. After the bar is raised above the surface, even holes remain in the soil substrate for planting carrot seeds. It remains only to invest the prepared seedlings and sprinkle.

Mini rake for planting seeds

A rake for planting is easy to perform if you have previously had experience with a hacksaw or jigsaw. For the prepared beds, you should pick up a long board, such that it completely covers the area.

Also, for the production of a rake, you will need a block of wood, up to 20 cm long - this will be a handle.

The lower side (end) is subject to sawing. Peculiar teeth in the shape of a trapezoid are cut on it, so that the lower base is no more than 1 cm, and the depth reaches 2 cm. A handle is placed in the center on the flat side. This can be done with a nail. The work on the mini-rake is over.

To perform sowing, it is required to lower an impromptu rake onto a dug-up, airy area and run along the perimeter. On the site in an instant, even grooves are formed in which it is required to lay the planting material.

Additional types of seeders

There are many methods for planting seeds. Carrot seedlings present the greatest difficulty for gardeners. They are quite small and difficult to plant evenly. After germination, very a large number of young sprouts have to be removed. Therefore, it is recommended to use different methods for landing:

Sowing with toilet paper- Numerous seeds are glued to a piece of toilet paper in an arbitrary or strictly defined order. Later, this area is covered with a small layer of earth. When the sprouts germinate, they do not need to be discharged. The only thing is that weeds sprout abundantly among them. The disadvantage of the method is the long-term gluing of small seedlings on a piece of paper;
Seeder from egg container- an original and simple way. The advantages of the method are simplicity and evenly planted seeds at the required distance. To do this, it is necessary to press the tray into the ground and pour planting material into the resulting holes, 1 or 2 seeds each;
With tape- can be found in specialized stores special tape for planting carrots. Seedlings are already glued to it in the required order and at the optimal distance. Landing is easy to perform - a tape is applied to the furrow made and sprinkled with earth.

Thus, in order to plant carrots without a seeder at home, you can easily, but before that you need to spend either money or be patient, laying out on toilet paper small seeds. But to get a rich, and most importantly, even harvest, you can make any sacrifices.

How to make a manual seeder for carrots with your own hands?

In the case when there is no extra financial resources to purchase a seeder, you can make it yourself. Before work, you should draw up a drawing and an individual design of the future unit. It is best to do everything with simple models.

For production, an axis, tubes are needed aluminum production, and wheels, as well as iron, sheet format. From these details you can make an excellent homemade seeder without resorting to heavy and costly technologies.

Collection scheme:

Aluminum tubes turn into handles. It requires measuring the angle of inclination and adjusting the height of the seeder for growth, it is best to design the handles “away from you”;
Seed bins are formed from iron in the form of cones or funnels. They are located on the axis so that there is a small space of 1 cm between them;
Each the funnel should go down with a sharp cone, inside which there is a hole 0.1 cm wide;
The central axle is connected to the wheels, bunkers are placed on top of the axis to which the handles are attached;
Additionally, you can optionally install row marker.

Having tested the design, you can adjust it for yourself as needed so that the seedlings fall out evenly and at the same speed.

Thus, when using seeders, you can not only plant seeds in your garden or cottage with pleasure, but also spend less time. Besides, when working with technologies of such planting, it is not necessary to remove excess sprouts as the crop grows. If you follow the recommendations, you can make high-quality equipment with your own hands and plant large areas not only of carrots, but also of other crops.