Ventilation in the bath - design features and practical recommendations. How important is proper ventilation in the bath? The scheme of ventilation in the dressing room

During the construction and repair of baths, attention is paid primarily to structural materials, stoves, insulation and waterproofing. It is assumed that natural air circulation will be sufficient for high-quality ventilation of the premises in the bath. But this is absolutely not the case, and if you approach the matter superficially, you can face serious problems.

Peculiarities

Ventilation in the bath can be done in various ways.

Depends on her presence:

distribution of heat flows inside;
comfort and safety of washable;
period of operation of the building.

Water and steam are continuously concentrated there, the tree actively absorbs them. Even if you dry the building periodically, without establishing a constant movement of air, the effect will not be strong enough. To avoid dampness, you need to create a pair of ventilation windows - one serves to enter clean air outside, and the other helps to get out heated, having absorbed a lot of water. Choosing the location of the openings, they change areas that are especially intensively ventilated. The use of a pair of outlets in the steam room and dressing room sometimes improves the orientation of the air flow in the required direction.

Of course, the size of each window and the ability to adjust the clearance are of great importance. They put valves that open fully or partially. The calculation of the volume of ventilation openings is repelled, first of all, from the area of \u200b\u200bthe bath rooms. If you make them too large, mold will never appear on the floor and in the sink, but the steam room will heat up for a very long time, it will consume an unusually large amount of fuel, or electrical energy. Too narrow windows will not allow the air inside to cool or become dry.

All deviations from normal parameters are categorically unacceptable, which allow you to exclude the occurrence of powerful temperature changes - this not only creates discomfort, but can also provoke health problems. It is impossible to completely eliminate the difference in the temperature of the flows; it is only necessary to limit their magnitude. Normal ventilation systems are formed during the construction of the bath, while making channels and preparing openings. Windows are mounted only after the decorative cladding of the building has been completed. Therefore, you will have to enter information about the arrangement of ventilation ducts into the bath project.

In most cases, the ventilation openings are made strictly the same. The outlet can be made larger than the inlet, but according to safety rules, it cannot be smaller than the first. For the same reasons, sometimes they resort to paired exit windows. As control elements, it is worth using not doors, but valves, when closing which it is impossible to preserve the gaps. When the steam room is heated for the first time, the valves are closed 100% until the air reaches the desired temperature.

The use of elements with controlled position is also useful because the amount of air flow must be adjusted according to the season. When they stand on the street negative temperatures, even a very small trickle of air brings a lot of cold. Therefore, you should not open the ventilation windows completely. The cross sections of such windows should average 24 square meters. cm per 1 cu. m of internal volume. But these are only preliminary figures, and if in doubt about the result obtained, it is worth contacting qualified heat engineers for calculations.

It is categorically impossible to place ventilation windows at the same height or even directly opposite each other, since this will not allow all the air in the bath to be heated sufficiently. In addition, such a design will not allow the air masses to be evenly mixed, which means that it will be necessary to thoroughly calculate the accuracy of the location of the ventilation elements. Exhaust windows are recommended to be placed just below the ceiling, because the air immediately rushes up after heating.

Types of ventilation systems

The ventilation device in the bath varies according to the design of the room and its total volume. natural ventilation based on the difference in temperature and pressure inside and outside. In order for it to work efficiently, the air inlet is organized near the stove, at a level of 25-35 cm from the floor. The outlet is made on opposite walls about 15-25 cm below the ceiling. But it is important to consider that such a scheme is not good enough for steam rooms, since it is relatively cold down there, and always hot upstairs.

The natural movement of air in such a situation is too difficult to organize, you will have to very carefully and accurately arrange the components of the ventilation system. A forced circuit does not always require the use of electronic control systems, with complex panels and so on. There are simpler options when ventilation windows, placed in a special way, are complemented by an exhaust fan. The combination of such components is especially effective when the bath is located inside the house, the windows are not placed inside the outer wall, but are connected to the exits by a long ventilation box. Duct fans must be selected very carefully, because the conditions for their operation in baths differ from the usual parameters.

The peculiarity of such devices is increased waterproofing. electrical circuits and main mechanical parts, in adaptation to work under high temperature no technical implications. State supply ventilation and its device in each room adapts to individual characteristics and under the type of bath. It follows that the time spent on calculations and thinking through the project is not wasted - it will save a lot of money and time, get the best result sooner.

As already known, the bulk of the projects involve the location of the introductory windows near the furnaces at 0.25-0.35 m from the floor. With this design, the stove transfers heat to the air coming from outside, and a flow occurs that moves in the direction of the hood. Having overcome the entire distance, hot and street flows eventually cover the entire volume of the steam room, and the area where the upper shelf is located is heated the most.

In the second variant, by installing exhaust fan you can mount the inlet and outlet on the same wall. The air flow is directed first in the direction of the heating device. Having received a thermal impulse, it begins to rise towards the ceiling and moves in a wide arc that covers the entire room. This approach will be effective if the bath is built into the house and has only one outer wall, while there is no need for the arrangement of a ventilation duct.

If a bath with a leaking floor is created, the introductory window is placed in the same place as in the first case., right next to the oven. When the heated air gives off heat in the upper lobe of the steam room, it cools and descends to the floor, leaving through the holes in the flooring. This technique improves the evaporation of water accumulating below and allows you to delay the failure of the wooden floor. The hood is placed either in the next room, or in isolated channels that do not allow air to return to the steam room. The complexity of the flow path makes the use of a fan mandatory. This option is used very rarely, since it is not easy to calculate everything exactly, it is not easy to foresee the details properly.

Another type provides for a continuously operating furnace, the blower hole of which replaces the hood. For the inflow, a window is made under the shelf opposite the furnace itself and at the same level. Cold air displaces the heated mass upwards, and when the heat-releasing parts of the flow descend, they go into the blower channel. There are more complex systems when a pair of supply and a pair of outlet ventilation windows are placed (required with forced type circulation). It is quite difficult to adjust complicated complexes, but their effectiveness is higher than in the simplest cases.

The Bastu system is the placement of air inlets(with adjustable valves) behind or below the oven. The organization of vents under the stove is not required, although it is highly desirable. Through these openings, air from the underground part of the bath enters the room, which is connected to the external atmosphere by the foundation vents. When a bath is made in a previously finished room, you need to choose a room with a couple external walls; when preparing the basement, choose an angle that meets the same requirements. The dimensions of the inlet and outlet are calculated according to the general rules.

How to do it right?

Installation of ventilation implies that when the pipe is brought out, it is protected from the penetration of snow, dirt, rain and melt water. When this does not work out, you can organize a ventilation duct or direct the pipe up, passing it through the ceiling and roof. In the latter case, the canal is covered with an umbrella to prevent the penetration of the same precipitation and falling leaves. To arrange high-level ventilation means to ventilate and dry all rooms, structural parts of walls, floors, attics and under-roof spaces.

Walkthrough for the installation of ventilation in the bath is not difficult to find, but the most simple option it turns out the use of asbestos-cement pipes and gratings, selected according to the diameter of the channel. If we talk about technical performance, the most effective and convenient performance in the walls frame type recognized use supply valves. First, the valve is disassembled and circled on the wall with a circle marker where future ventilation ducts will pass. To obtain holes in the skin, a drill is used, and large-diameter drills are taken, into which a jigsaw knife can easily pass.

using the jigsaw itself, cut out a circle;
remove wooden parts;
take out the insulation and vapor barrier material;
by using long drill pierce outer skin(this must be done in order to avoid mistakes when placing the outer share of the valve);
mark a suitable hole outside and make it using long drills;
saw off valve tubes along the thickness of the wall.

Then you need to mount the tube in the hole with your own hands and fix the inner segment of the valve with self-tapping screws, only after which you can put the outer part of the product. Installation of valves is recommended in the washing department and in the dressing room.

When preparing a new building, it is imperative to calculate both the size of the openings and the required fan power. It is possible to establish ventilation even when it was not originally done. A common mistake is to rely on burst ventilation and the use of stove draft to dry the air. In principle, this scheme works, but it has serious drawbacks. So, when opening windows and doors, instead of lowering the temperature, steam is released into adjacent rooms.

It does not go outside, but turns into condensate. The heating of the air is reduced only for a short time, and very soon it becomes uncomfortable again in the bath. To use the effect of stove draft for ventilation, holes are needed, but they should be made only at the bottom. This will ensure the flow of air from neighboring rooms, where fresh portions will come from outside. The damper and the doors of the furnace itself help to adjust the ventilation, to increase the flow they are opened to the limit, and to weaken them they are partially covered (to avoid the ingress of carbon monoxide).

A simple calculation can only be made with respect to forced ventilation , and the natural flow of air is much more complicated and subject to a number of different factors. Among them Special attention it is worth paying attention to the strength and direction of the wind that blows in a particular area. If the outlet is on the side from which strong winds are directed, this can lead to the inflow of the supply mass into it (the so-called backdraft effect or its overturning).

Prevention of such a negative phenomenon seems simple - it is the lengthening of the channels output in the right direction or the use of turns in them. But each turn complicates the work and reduces the speed of exit or entry of air. The solution would be to orient the inlet to the side where the wind mostly blows, while placing the outlet on the opposite side or on the roof (with a tall chimney).

Use ventilation duct V block wall not worth it, in such cases, mount it according to inner wall and partition. According to experts, the best air duct is the one built from galvanized pipes. Plastic structures can be mounted with care, carefully evaluating the temperature range allowed for them. The gap from the pipe to the walls of the hole is filled mineral wool or more modern heaters. Mounting foam helps to eliminate gaps at the inlet and outlet.

The method of fastening the ventilation grilles is selected according to the material that serves as the base. Checking the quality of ventilation is very easy - a fire or a smoking object is brought to the hole. This will additionally find out how fast the air is moving. Most often, only an extractor hood is placed in the dressing room, supplemented by a fan.

When the furnace firebox is brought into the dressing room, it is necessary to make a special ventilation channel based on galvanized steel, passed under the finishing floors and supplying air directly to the furnace door. It is necessary to create a channel before the finishing floor is laid. One end of the pipe is inserted into the hole and fixed in it. mounting foam, clogged with a grate. An adjustable plug is installed on the edge suitable for the furnace.

Good ventilation is one that avoids condensation on the ceiling surface. As for the subfloor, work on it begins with preparation cement screed, which is tilted towards the sewer. The foundation is equipped with a pair of holes (in opposite walls, but not directly opposite each other). Air flows should go under the floor along the most intricate trajectories. The holes are closed with valves, which will allow you to adjust the rate of movement of the jet according to the current season.

In the bath, which was originally built without floor ventilation, it is required to drill concrete base down to the ground. This will turn out to be a decent replacement for a full-fledged drainage when there is no desire to work on the installation. drain pipes. The ventilated floor must be decorated with jumpers, which are used as pipes or wooden beam with a section of 11x6 or 15x8 cm. The logs are covered with processed and well-polished oak boards.

How to choose?

In the Russian bath, unlike the usual washing, it is necessary to provide with the help of ventilation the following conditions:

temperature in the steam room - from 50 to 60 degrees;
relative humidity - not lower than 70 and not higher than 90%;
Very quick drying any wooden surface after washing;
operational decrease in humidity while excluding drafts and opening doors;
the same air quality in the steam room, as well as in the relaxation room, regardless of the season;
preservation of all the traditional properties of the Russian bath.

No ventilation devices will help escape carbon monoxide if there is a constant supply. You will have to continuously monitor the completeness of the combustion of firewood, and only after the attenuation of all the coals, close the chimney. The organization of air flow in a chopped log bath occurs through the crowns of the walls.

This approach, for obvious reasons, is not suitable for brick building. When the walls are sheathed with boards or clapboard, it will be necessary to use ventilation holes, otherwise the negative effect of dampness will be excessively strong. In most cases, a hole of 200x200 mm will be enough to bring pipes outside. The choice of plastic or metal should be made in accordance with the specific project and operating conditions of the ventilation system.

A bath of foam blocks must be ventilated inside the walls. The layers of waterproofing and cladding are separated by a ventilation gap, for outer cladding it is 40-50 mm, and inside the bath - 30-40 mm. A typical design involves the use of battens, which already help hold the wall cladding. In addition to in-wall ventilation, all rooms are equipped with an air intake at the bottom (most often behind stoves) and an outlet (near the ceiling). The advantage of an active air freshening system is that it can be placed anywhere.

In most cases, baths made of foam blocks are ventilated in a salvo way, that is, at the same time opening the front door and the window most distant from it. Only a professional calculation is guaranteed to make it possible to find out whether artificial ventilation is needed or whether the natural circulation of air masses is enough.

Accessories and materials

A fan heater for a bath must have a certain level of thermal protection (not lower than IP44), its body is always made of heat-resistant materials. Modern devices have very high power and operate almost silently, the volume is no more than 35 dB.

As ventilation holes in attics, you can use:

special windows;
aerators;
spotlights.

Proper organization of air exchange in the bathhouse is a serious task that requires a professional approach. It is not enough to build a bathhouse, finish the interior, install heating equipment and furniture. It is important to ensure effective ventilation bath rooms, to form a favorable microclimate that allows you to enjoy water procedures and contributes to a long service life of the finish, as well as the entire structure.

Ventilation in the bath - the key to comfort

Rest in the bath will be a pleasure if the room is easy and comfortable to breathe.

In the steam room, the air temperature is very high, so if there is no ventilation in it, you can suffocate or get heat stroke

If there is a violation of the correct air exchange or in the absence of ventilation in the steam room, it will be difficult to breathe and it will be impossible to stay for a long time.

To create a comfortable microclimate allows a ventilation system that ensures the flow oxygenated air and the removal of "waste" air masses.

The traditional layout of the bath complex provides for a dressing room, a washing department, as well as a relaxation room, and it is important to ensure effective air circulation everywhere.

Favorable microclimate in the relaxation room will allow you to relax after visiting the steam room

The increased concentration of moisture does not give pleasure as in the process water procedures as well as during the holidays. The human body is sensitive to lack of oxygen and high humidity.

The conclusion is unequivocal: in the bath you need to do good ventilation to make it pleasant and comfortable not only to bathe, but also to relax.

Violation of air circulation or lack of ventilation causes:

Types and principles of ventilation arrangement

For any type of bath (Russian, Finnish sauna, Turkish hammam) ventilation is provided, which can be carried out in different ways.

Natural air exchange

The principle of formation of convection air flows is based on the difference in temperature and air pressure from the street side and inside the bathhouse.

Temperature difference contributes to the movement of air currents

Maximum air exchange efficiency is achieved due to the correct location of the supply and exhaust ventilation lines.

For ventilation of the premises of the Russian bath and sauna, the traditional arrangement of air channels is used. Supply air duct is placed at a distance of 0.2–0.3 meters from the floor, and the exhaust line is at the same distance from the ceiling. Adjustment dampers in the room should be provided to optimize air flow and ensure comfortable temperature regime.

The damper allows you to control the flow of air into the room

Natural ventilation should provide air exchange, maintaining the temperature of the room and not creating discomfort during the rest. The advantages of natural air exchange are simplicity and low costs associated with the absence of the need to purchase expensive equipment.

Combined variant

The method of organizing the movement of air masses in a room using a fan that provides circulation is called combined. At the same time, there is no regularity in the location of the ventilation ducts.

The ventilation scheme is determined individually and provides for the installation of an outlet and a duct equipped with a fan, which is mounted on the supply line or exhaust duct and creates the necessary pressure drop.

Ensuring air exchange in the bath rooms by a combined method is convenient and economically justified.

forced circulation

Forced air exchange system is also called mechanical. The system is equipped with automation elements that control the temperature regime, adjust the humidity and the intensity of the circulation of air masses.

Forced air exchange provides the maximum level of comfort.

The increased costs associated with the purchase and installation of equipment, as well as the complexity of maintenance, limit the use of a mechanical air exchange system in small bath rooms.

For rooms with an increased area use forced circulation if natural or combined air exchange is not effective.

If the bath rooms have big sizes, they need to arrange forced ventilation

The following types of mechanical ventilation are used:

Exhaust, equipped with a filter element and a fan. This type of ventilation provides effective removal unpleasant odors and polluted air masses from rooms with swimming pools, washing departments and recreation areas. The use of an exhaust system requires the supply of fresh air, which is necessary to compensate for the vacuum created by the fan.
Supply, providing the flow of air rich in oxygen. Due to the increased pressure, air masses saturated with vapors leave the room through the ventilation ducts, as well as through the gaps in the doors and windows. Combining the supply line with a heating device allows you to supply fresh heated air. The design of the supply air exchange is more complex.
Supply and exhaust, combining the principle of operation of the supply and exhaust ventilation. The use of this principle of ventilation in the sauna room requires preliminary calculations. The intensity of circulation is determined based on the fact that the volume of incoming air must correspond to the volume of displaced. In order to prevent the penetration of air from the bathroom into the recreation area, the ratio is deliberately violated. This allows the formation of reduced pressure in toilet room and send additional flows to it.

Principles of organizing air exchange

When planning a ventilation device, be guided by the following recommendations:

It is important to correctly calculate the area of \u200b\u200bventilation lines. The cross section of the vent and air duct is determined by the size of the steam room, for each cubic meter the volume of which must be provided for 24 cm 2 of the area of \u200b\u200bthe ventilation duct.

For a comfortable stay in a heated steam room, provide the possibility of more than five air exchanges (the air in the steam room should be updated 5 times per hour). The layout of the supply duct and exhaust duct, as well as their number, should facilitate easy circulation of masses in the steam room.

Efficient air exchange will increase the service life of wooden floors. To ensure it is necessary:

The correct ventilation device will allow you to fully enjoy the steam room and get great pleasure from the bath rest.

Video: ventilation in the bath

How to make ventilation in the bath with your own hands

The organization of air circulation in each room has individual characteristics.

Waiting room ventilation

The vestibule or dressing room is used as a dressing room. The department is located away from areas with high humidity and temperature.

In a ventilated changing room, it will always be dry and comfortable

Usage front door contributes to the flow of fresh air and reliable ventilation of the locker room.

The location of a ventilation grill with a valve in the upper part of the wall will ensure natural air exchange and control the volume of incoming air masses.

During the construction of the building, it is necessary to provide a ventilation hole. If there is no air channel, then it must be done independently:

Air exchange in the sink

The washing compartment, in which the shower is installed, is ventilated due to the natural circulation of air flows moving from rooms with high humidity to ventilation vents or small windows.

The easiest way to ventilate the washing room is with the help of a window.

To increase ventilation efficiency and reduce humidity, it is advisable to equip the shower room with an exhaust fan.

Install the fan according to the following algorithm:

For ventilation washing room use fans with an operating voltage of 220 volts with low power - 20–100 watts.

When purchasing a fan, pay attention to the ability of the device to operate at elevated temperatures and humidity, as well as the degree of protection, which should not be lower than IP44.

Organization of air circulation in the steam room

To ventilate the steam room, make 2-3 channels designed for air exchange. One line will provide fresh air, and the rest will allow the exhaust air masses to leave the room without hindrance.

The increased size of the exhaust duct allows you to quickly ventilate the steam room

Arrange the channels according to one of the proposed ventilation schemes.

The intensity of air exchange depends on the location and size ratio of the supply and exhaust ducts

Making holes at the construction stage will preserve the integrity finishing materials and make work easier.

The area of the incoming line must correspond to the size of the outlet channel. However, a more efficient convection flow can be achieved by slightly increasing the diameter of the exhaust line.

A prerequisite is the installation of adjustable valves that allow you to change the intensity of air exchange.

IN wooden bath the valve is best made from the same wood that was used for interior decoration

The implementation of measures for the arrangement of channels is not difficult:

Video: ventilation in the steam room

Creating a microclimate in the rest room

Comfortable temperature conditions and optimal air circulation in the relaxation room are achieved through natural air exchange.

An air duct at the top of the wall provides sufficient fresh air

It is important to provide an air duct equipped with an adjustable damper or ventilation valve. This will, if necessary, increase the intensity of the movement of air masses.

To organize access to fresh air, instead of a ventilation duct, you can use a window

Drilling a hole and installing the valve is not difficult.

Video: making a vent valve

Variants and layouts of ventilation ducts

Can be used in the bath different variants location of ventilation communications, providing for natural air circulation and the use of a fan.

Various options for the ventilation device differ in the location of the channels, but provide high air exchange efficiency

One of the proposed schemes of natural air exchange, which provides for the following options for placing ventilation lines, will ensure comfortable acceptance of bathing procedures:

To achieve a favorable temperature regime and comfortable humidity, air exchange schemes provide for the installation of a fan:

Remember that the performance of the fan installation is determined by multiplying the volume of the steam room by the air exchange coefficient.

For example, to determine the required air exchange in a steam room with an area of 10 m 2, having a height of 2 meters, it is necessary to multiply the volume by the air exchange coefficient equal to 5 (we already said above that in the steam room the air should be completely updated 5 times per hour). The resulting fan performance value is 10 x 2x 5 = 100 m 3 / h.

Heated air ventilation

Ensuring air exchange with simultaneous heating of the incoming air is carried out in the bath in various ways. They involve the use of a fan or natural air exchange. For example, by placing certain air channels in the immediate vicinity of a hot furnace, it is possible to simultaneously supply oxygen-saturated air and increase its temperature due to the heated surface of the heating unit.

In order to create a favorable temperature regime, comfortable humidity and smooth heating of the incoming air masses, it is necessary to use plugs or slide valves located on the air lines. To carry out ventilation, while heating the air at the same time, is a rather difficult task.

Each heating unit has its own individual "character". Only as a result of experiments can one choose optimal mode air exchange and provide comfortable temperature in the bathhouse.

To increase the temperature of the incoming air masses, you can use an electric heater that heats the air entering the room. This is another option for air ventilation with simultaneous heating.

The air entering through the ventilation ducts can be preheated with a heater

The power of the electric heater is selected experimentally.

The electrical equipment used in the bathhouse must withstand high temperatures and humidity, be reliably grounded and have a protection class of at least IP44.

The combination of air ventilation with heating allows you to create comfortable conditions for vacationers, as well as to reduce the costs associated with heating the premises with the help of heating equipment.

Acquaintance with the principles of organizing proper air circulation in the steam room, as well as other rooms of the sauna and bath, will allow you to independently organize the process of effective air exchange. It is important to correctly calculate the dimensions of the air lines and optimally place the inlets of the channels in the premises. Remember that the degree of air circulation is additionally influenced by the design of the heating device and the chimney. By following the recommendations, you can avoid mistakes and enjoy wellness procedures in a bath with a comfortable microclimate.

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Temperature background and high level moisture in the bath favorable conditions for the settlement of all kinds of harmful microorganisms. Among them are bacteria, viruses, mold fungi that destroy wood and the pulmonary system of lovers of bath procedures. Properly made ventilation in the bath will get rid of the listed negativity. How to make it?

We will tell you all about the rules for organizing ventilation systems designed to dry wet rooms. The use of reliable information will help to develop and implement an impeccable ventilation project. The data submitted for consideration are based on building codes and practical experience builders.

The article describes in detail the methods of construction of ventilation systems designed to remove water suspended in the air, drying finishes and supporting structures. The materials and components required for their arrangement are described. Effective assistance in mastering a difficult topic will be provided by photo applications and video guides.

The bath needs regular air renewal. This is a safety requirement for people taking bath procedures. Also, proper ventilation can extend the service life to 50 years or more.

The type of ventilation system is selected individually and depends on the location, size of the structure, and materials used in construction.

Bath ventilation schemes

All existing systems ventilation according to the principle of action are divided into natural, forced and combined. In the first case, ventilation occurs due to the arbitrary entry of street air, its mixing in the room and the displacement of the exhaust through the holes in a natural way.

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If there is insulation, then a counter-lattice is required to provide ventilation between the insulation and other layers of the roof. It is also used for ventilation of wall structures so that condensation does not form in the thickness of the layers.

To dry the floors, burst ventilation is used or a ventilated floor is equipped. This option should be considered at the construction stage. To do this, a rough floor is performed, carefully pouring concrete at a slope, and the finishing floor is laid from boards. hardwood leaving small gaps between them. Such floor provides fast removal of excess moisture.

It is important to properly organize ventilation in all areas of the bath. Particular attention should be paid to the washing / shower, where high humidity threatened by the formation of fungus and mold

All bath rooms need ventilation, including:

washing room;
dressing room / rest room;
other premises.

To arrange proper ventilation, you have to choose the optimal scheme that fits the requirements and conditions of a particular bath. It is important to remember that fresh air must be supplied to all rooms and also removed from all.

They build ventilation ducts, make supply and exhaust openings in the walls or mount a whole system of air ducts - everything is very individual

Experienced craftsmen do not recommend laying complex ventilation duct systems, preferring to dwell on the very simple solution suitable for a particular case. The rule here is the simpler the better. Yes, and at a price a simple option will cost several times cheaper.

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Starting direct construction bath room, it is necessary to clearly understand that a high-quality ventilation system is an important feature of the entire construction process.

As a rule, a building of this kind must be periodically heated. Also, its main note is long-term operation. All the time you spend in the sauna room brings both physical and moral satisfaction. In turn, the correct equipment of the ventilation system in the waiting room, fully copes with the tasks.

Requirements for the equipment of the ventilation system in the dressing room

The main requirements for ventilation in the dressing room are as follows:

The ventilation system must provide exactly the same inflow and outflow of air;
The direction of air should be carried out directly from the dwelling to the utility room. For example, from the dressing room to the toilet / vestibule, but not vice versa, because otherwise, extraneous odors may be observed due to the fact that the air flow for ventilation comes from outside;
The installation of the ventilation grill must be carried out at a distance of at least 2 meters from the ground;
Hot air, the exit from the steam room of which occurs through the air ducts, should be directed to. In turn, this will help you save a lot on resources. In the pre-bath room, it is recommended to use combined ventilation: the joint functioning of natural and forced ventilation. Thus, it is able to increase the efficiency of air exchange;
Air exchange should take place three times. In other words, in the event that the volume of the room is 5 m 3, then at least 15 cubic meters of clean air flow should flow in one hour.

Step-by-step instructions for the ventilation device in the dressing room

Initially, you should determine the location of the door from the steam room to the dressing room. Its location should be as close as possible to the furnace. In turn, this is what can ensure the preservation of a high temperature regime in the room;
A rectangular vent measuring 15x20 cm is made along with a sliding plug, directly on the opposite wall from the steam room;
We mount a special fan that speeds up the removal of air, and also improves ventilation in the dressing room;
In the event that there is an outflow of moist air through the pipe, which ensures optimal ventilation in the dressing room, instead of an outlet with a fan, an exhaust pipe should be installed;
Next, we cut an outlet for air flow at a height of 0.5 m above the floor;
We equip a ventilation duct under the floor covering of the dressing room (in case the firebox exits into the dressing room).

Additional ventilation system of the waiting room occurs through a hole, the location of which is carried out at a height of 0.5 m from the level of the floor covering. The direct air flow is carried out through ventilation pipe or the chimney of the furnace, as well as an equipped window in window opening dressing room.

You can determine that the ventilation system was installed in the wrong way by the following signs:

moisture collection (condensation) is observed on the walls or ceiling;
the exhaust system pipe does not have greasy traces;
there is a musty and unpleasant smell in the room;
bringing a burning match directly to vent, it is observed that the flame does not deviate to the side.

It should always be remembered that a properly equipped ventilation system can ensure not only the long-term operation of the bath room, but will also have a beneficial effect on the health of people who take water procedures.

In the process of building a dressing room, it is very important to take care of the quality of the insulation of the room, as well as the dressing room and other rooms of the bath. Please note that in this room there should be a comfortable temperature regime, as well as the complete absence of drafts. Make sure to provide enough space in the room. Thus, one person should have about 1.3 m of area. In turn, smaller volumes can lead to significant inconvenience.

The pre-bath room is a rather significant room for a bath in general. That is why, try to make it not only as functional and comfortable as possible, but you should also remember such aspects as installing ventilation, as well as ceiling and walls.

To determine the value of ventilation in the bath know its purpose:

Rapid heating of the room, uniform distribution of heat. Savings in heating costs.
Constant air renewal during soaring. This is necessary for the comfort and health of vacationers.
Rapid removal of moist air. Implementation of mandatory drying of the premises.
Preservation of the building for a longer time. No fungi or mold appear. Objects are not deformed, do not change color under the influence of moisture.

No or insufficient ventilation unpleasant odors gradually accumulate in the room, the air becomes damp. Fresh air is not supplied, it becomes difficult to breathe. There is a risk of poisoning by the accumulated carbon monoxide. Without ventilation, gradually all warm air will go up, and cooling down will accumulate below.

Proper ventilation system in the baths

In baths made of natural logs any punching of holes to provide ventilation is considered superfluous. The lower crowns of the walls are laid with the installation of holes through which a moderate amount of fresh air passes. If there is a stove-heater in which the blower is simultaneously designed to bring air out, you can limit yourself to its presence. They let in air through the open door, a gap of 5-7 mm is enough.

Ventilation is designed for regular entry into the bath of fresh air, outflow of cooled and moist. For fresh air flow need to build vents. If they are not, then you can use the vents, doors. The hood also takes place through special openings; a furnace blower can be used; a chimney is of great importance in the outflow of steam. In order to be able to fully control the air exchange, the openings are equipped with shutters, by adjusting which you can stop or resume the flow and exit of air.

There is a wide range of ventilation systems:

For inlet and outlet located opposite each other, one level is used. In some cases, the low placement of the inlet helps to retain heat for a longer time. To activate the air exchange, a fan is installed, an air duct or a deflector can also be used. You can not place holes with an exact match in level. As a result of the rapid release of air, accumulations of cold at the bottom and warm in the rest of the bath can form.
The air currents directed by the operating ventilation device lower the pressure inside the duct. Exhaust air is drawn out due to a decrease in pressure inside the bath. To raise the pressure again, fresh air is supplied.
The vents can be positioned in this way: the supply air is 30 cm from the floor, the outlet located opposite does not reach the ceiling by 30 cm. Fresh air immediately heats up from the stove, rises, gradually leaving the room.

To ensure constant control over the speed and volume of incoming and outgoing air, dampers are created. It is advisable to make them retractable, slightly opening to the required distance. The length of the duct is determined by the dimensions of the bath, as well as the maximum volume of required incoming air.

When the room is only heated with a preheated stove, all openings should be covered. When the temperature becomes optimal for vaping, the shutters open slightly and are immediately regulated so that the air exchange does not change the temperature in the room. Both inlet and outlet openings must have a connector close to the same. To make the influx of fresh air stronger, you can slightly increase the outlet.

The inlet connector must not be larger than the outlet. This leads to a reverse draft, which contributes to the release of fresh air from the bath, and not its active circulation.

Ventilation in the Russian bath

In a classic bath, created according to the Russian model, no special holes, so air exchange should be performed in a more natural way. Normally, conventional ventilation is used to supply fresh air. You can open the door leading to the street and the window opposite to it. Sometimes forced extraction is used when open door. To better get rid of the accumulated dampness, you should sweep the leaves from the broom in a timely manner. Benches and other wooden objects can be dried when wet, sometimes sheets are swept. These procedures will not allow the formation of heavy steam, remove unpleasant odors and decay products from the room.

After the bath is ventilated and dried, need to start steaming. To do this, pour water on the stones in small portions. The prepared steam rises quickly and stays there for a long time, so it may turn out that it is already very hot at the top, and still cool at the bottom. With a strong temperature difference, you can wait until the steam sinks or use artificial methods to lower it.

It is enough to work with brooms to create movement in the steam room, the air will immediately mix. Waves with a towel or broom should be carried out closer to the ceiling.

You can make a fan: wooden handle a loop is located of stainless steel over which the fabric is stretched. Horizontal or vertical movements are made by this device to move warm and cold air. Sometimes they begin to use it in the manufacture of steam. To do this, one person pours water on the stones, and the second works with a fan.

in the steam room

IN classical schemes ventilation of baths is supposed air flow in the steam room from below. The hole is usually located below half a meter from the floor. The hood can be placed close to the ceiling by equipping a hole on the opposite wall. The regulation of the level of humidity and heat of the air is carried out by extending or closing the dampers.

The best option, especially for a small steam room, is to create an air inlet next to the stove. This is necessary to instantly heat the incoming fresh air. This arrangement will not allow strong drafts to form, helps to avoid big difference temperatures in different parts of the steam room. The heat from the steam room can not only be taken outside, but also moved to other rooms for their high-quality heating.

Proper ventilation works by bringing fresh air under the box. Air masses leave the device through the top opening. The steam room warms up quite evenly until the warm air reaches the bottom of the box. Hot air will gradually displace colder air, providing warming before leaving the room. The steam room simultaneously heats up and dries out.

In the bathhouse

The ventilation channel is directly connected to the duct, the diameter of which usually exceeds the chimney by no more than 20%. With such parameters, oxygen fills the room, and does not leave it. Air intake from the underground is not needed.

The walls of the stove, if it is in the dressing room, should be close to the floor. Shelves are not necessarily placed in a strictly horizontal position. They are able to slow down the rise of heat to the ceiling. For better absorption of warm air, it is better to equip the stove with several chimneys.

Sometimes during the heating of the bath in the room a large amount of smoke is formed and retained. This means that inside the dressing room the air is colder than in environment. Cold air is somewhat more massive than warm air, so it often creates a shell in chimneys. In order to push out this air, it is necessary to equip an additional door for burning ash.

Forced ventilation

Ventilation in the bath with the help of electronic systems is carried out if it is impossible to provide good air circulation in natural ways. Fans can be installed on both supply and exhaust openings. They accelerate the movement of air masses, providing the room with fresh air, quickly removing moist.

Exhaust ventilation

In the design of this ventilation is always present exhaust fan. For air circulation, a supply air is also necessarily constructed. Sometimes cracks in the walls are used for fresh air to enter, windows or doors are slightly opened. The advantage of exhaust ventilation is to reduce the pressure in the bath. The action must be compensated by a constant flow of air from outside.

Ventilation with a powerful hood perfectly removes harmful gases, humid air with an unpleasant odor. It is possible to build such a ventilation system not only in the steam room, but also in showers, washing rooms, departments with a pool or in bathrooms. Usually, the basic set of the exhaust ventilation system includes a fan and a box. If the device is too noisy, a silencer can be used.

Forced ventilation

It is installed according to the exhaust principle, however the fan must be placed on the inlet. When activated supply system ventilation, there is an increase in pressure in the room, which should be compensated in a timely manner by the release of air through the hood or gaps in the walls, floor, ceiling, through the windows, the door.

Supply fans are not considered convenient if they will operate in cold temperatures. In winter, they supply icy air, which must be additionally heated by pre-installed air heaters. If necessary, cleansing a large number air filters can be used.

Supply and exhaust ventilation

Combination of artificial inflow and exhaust air is often equipped with recuperators, silencers, filters. Additional devices provide comfort while in the bath, at the same time there is a constant, good air circulation. In order not to worry about ventilation, you can equip it automatic block management.

Creating a design for supply and exhaust artificial ventilation often causes difficulties. It is necessary to calculate the optimal air exchange in all rooms of the bath at the stage of its design. The amount of outgoing air must match the incoming air. Sometimes air flows are not specifically balanced. To prevent the spread of excessive moisture or bad smell pressure is artificially reduced from a certain room in it. To do this, the hood is mounted with greater intensity than in other rooms.

When arranging ventilation in the bath, you should take care not only of the steam room, but also of other important rooms. To save heating costs, you can use the warm air generated in the steam room, taking it out not to the street, but through other rooms. By adapting the ventilation system to specific requests, you can make the most successful option.