From which side to supply hot water, and from which cold? A small question, which is talked about in passing everywhere. Let's figure it out.
For the impatient: hot - on the left, cold - right.
And now in more detail.
Often plumbers (especially the old school) insist that hot water should be on the right. Where did they get it from? Probably from the USSR. And although there were no strict regulations, there was still SNiP III-28-75 of 1976 (link to PDF, p. 25) with the wording:
Scientists are working to make these diaphragm distillation panels available in different sizes according to daily water needs. Just because of the appropriate size, future users save space and especially their wallets. In addition to the energy benefits, new technology has great potential for global emission reductions.
In offices, doctor's waiting rooms, offices, companies, some even make it home. Water coolers, so-called water coolers, from which cold or hot water flows out, and which should provide better and tastier water than from a tap. But for this you need to follow a few rules, which are not everywhere.
3.27 Hot water pipes are located, as a rule, to the right of cold water risers.
Apparently from there, the conviction came from that the hot one should be on the right. But SNiP is no longer valid, and the current GOST 25809-96 does not regulate the issue of the location of cranes:
3.3 The shape and design of faucet and faucet bodies, water switches, spouts, aerators, shower pipes, hoses, shower screens, brushes, valve heads or handles, parts for connecting faucets and faucets to cold and hot water, fastenings of shower nets to the wall or on the mixer body are not regulated by this standard, but are determined by the working drawings.
I have nothing against tap water, but his notable shortcoming in the old company was that it rarely ran pleasantly cold, it was always soft and cool, and the machine offered cold water. But the taste for it passed me by after reading an article about how it is in quality, and also that a water cooler should not be near the printer. It was there that he was placed with us. Chemicals are released in the immediate vicinity of the printers, which travel short distances through the air, and can also enter the water in drums.
As you can see, GOST leaves the choice to the drawings. The fact is that in some building projects, openings and entrances are located in such a way that hot water will have to be made on the right.
Nevertheless, all over the world they try to arrange hot water so that it is less convenient to open it than cold water. Those. left. And this makes sense.
Most people are right-handed. In an emergency (wash hands or eyes from getting any chemicals), a person reaches for the tap right hand. It is safer to have cold water at hand (the poor fellow was not enough to get burned).
In addition, all modern mixers are equipped this way (hot - on the left, cold - on the right). And mixers with a thermostat cannot be mounted at all, except: cold - on the right. But to find a mixer with a thermostat so that there is hot water on the right - this still needs to be tried. Perhaps under the order ... but it is doubtful.
“Water must be consumed within three days of placing the barrel on the device,” says František Kozisek of the National Institute of Health in the recommendation. And this is another thing that you can never be sure about using water coolers. On hot days, even if the water just disappears, sometimes the bottom of the rest is probably a few days, especially if your office isn't too busy. Mech also recommends that the bar be reminded of the deployment date on the counter so that everyone can see how much water is being pumped.
Another quote from Donald A. Norman from The Design of Everyday Things:
All over the world it is customary to have a valve for hot water on the left, and for cold water on the right. It is also universal that they are twisted clockwise, and unscrewed - against.
There are two types of piping - collector and parallel.
And who is responsible for you?
Not at work, even in offices. In addition, it is enough that the water is still light and warm, perhaps next to a heater, and it will probably be filled with bacteria before it is deployed. The National Institutes of Health also recommends that people always decide who will take care of the car and water, except for a hired company who, for example, puts in a new keg in a timely manner or may run into difficulties and force the firm to fix them. Why should someone take care of something that does not belong to him, and about what another person can take care of?
Before you start drawing the layout of the pipes and the position of the water distribution points, it is necessary to determine what equipment is planned to be installed:
Kitchen - cold and hot water faucet, dishwasher, water heater, gas boiler, geyser
Bathroom - shower, bathtub, sink, bidet, toilet, washing machine, water heater.
Principles of using water barrels
How long, where is the barrel, there is no one in this cabinet. The water from the deployed barrel should be drunk for three days with barrels of water stored in the dark, and the device should be cooled when placed in a clean and ventilated room. Comprehensive cleaning performs every three months water quality control using microbiological analysis min. once a year.
In permanent water bacteria grow
Of the eighteen specimens examined, five, or not a third, were successful in bacteriological analysis.Even if on this moment there are no funds to purchase, for example, a shower cabin, it is better to think over the conclusions for connecting it in advance.
Consistent plumbing.
Sequential wiring is otherwise called tee, because. it is mounted in a single line and the wiring from a common pipe to plumbing fixtures is carried out using tees and elbows.The disadvantage of such wiring is that it is impossible to block a separate connection, and the likelihood that the total water pressure will decrease when several plumbing fixtures are working.
Related: Do you have lemonade in the car?
Bacteria thrive in heat and light, so they have an optimal environment in barrels, like a bottle of drinking water that you forget somewhere. Bacteria also settle in water coolers in coolers, faucets, nozzles, cooling pipes. The result is a coating of the so-called biofilm, with which conventional disinfectants simply no. This is why barrel manufacturers or operators recommend that companies or households be thoroughly cleaned at least once every three months.
You can do this kind of cleaning at home, but the office just doesn't have the space. And professional cleaning of water coolers costs money, which is why those who rent them often save as much as possible. IN last resort even some forms can grow in some of the folds of the device, but they are not toxic at all, but they are toxic to the liver. Experts from the National Institutes of Health also recommend at least once a year to check the quality of the water entering the device and the quality of the water leaving the device microbiological analysis.
Pros - simple and quick installation, not a high cost of components compared to collector wiring.
Consistent wiring of water supply pipes
(red shows hot water distribution, blue - cold).
How much water do you really need?
It goes for a few hundred crowns. If you yourself feel the water "tastes funny", the device should be turned off immediately and cleaned immediately, even if the sanitation of the past has expired not so long ago. Are you planning to buy a water cooler, be it a home or a business? A customer who buys a water cooler must correctly consider how long the contents of the stem are consumed and how much care he wants to devote to the device. It is advisable to find out what services the supplier company provides in this regard.
Wiring with polypropylene pipes and installation of water sockets.
Collector wiring of water supply pipes
Most often, such a wiring is mounted where it is planned to hide pipes under plaster or decorative panels, run pipes underground or cast them into a concrete floor screed.
Dignity collector wiring is that each consumer (sanitary ware) has its own separate line, which departs from the common collector. With such a decoupling, at any time it is possible to block a separate point without detriment to other devices. With such a decoupling, a uniform distribution of water occurs, so the pressure (pressure) at all points will be the same.
Don't think about the superstructure of technology and tightness submersible devices in the mixture. If you use a radiator for heating, this means that you can heat water without water. Are you talking about how this is possible? Cylindrical water is always water water, except that it is heated by a radiator in the heating unit of the building. It works like balloon called a water bath. When we are warming up on a tray in a water bath, the kettle is placed in a container of hot water.
After some time, the peak absorbs the temperature of the pearl capillaries and dissolves. In the case of a water bath, it does not affect hot water without hot water, but because the vessel is exposed to high temperature, the heat begins to warm up. Similarly, the system tray heats water from aquifers in the heat exchanger, which after heating to water in the housing in the form of hot water.
The only disadvantage of such a system is the price, which includes a significant footage of pipes and fittings, as well as manifolds (distribution combs) with shutoff valves.
Collector distribution of water - scheme.
Benefits of heating water with system heat
This solution does not have many advantages. However, in your area arrived, which is still occupied by electric or gas chambers, respect is more important than respected respect. You don't have to worry about technical supervision and system leakage, because you only need to pour water into your house so that you can sleep well. soothing no.
In addition, you save money because after pressing the water, the temperature immediately idealizes - you don't get up and you don't need to catch a cold until it gets cold. Thermal system suppliers dictate that all the heat in your home is temperature compliant, but for quality, the water we use is compliant with the supplier cold water. His influence also has a state internal device object for which its own body is responsible. So if you have a question about water quality, please let the building manager know.
Collector of hot and cold water with shutoff valves,water filters, copper pipe connection.
Choice of mounting material
The choice of material is influenced by how the installation will take place, how the pipes will be laid - closed or hidden, ease of installation, i.e. the ability to do all the work yourself. Also an important factor is the price.
Thermostatic batteries appeared in Poland only at the beginning of the ninety-nineties. Appearance not much different from traditional. The whole secret is in their interior. This is a thermostatic head that mixes hot and cold water in a very short time so that it has the temperature we want at the outlet.
However, the battery does not heat the water as some users mistakenly used it. If the hot water supply is lower set temperature, cooling water will flow out of the spout. Let's also remember that if prices for some models start at $100, they only have a thermostat. You should spend more and buy a battery from a reputable manufacturer. It will not disappear from the market after one season and in case of failure we have access to spare parts and we can count on professional service.
Many sources still indicate that plumbing can be made with metal, but is it worth saying that this is already yesterday. And that there are a lot of good durable materials on the plumbing market, which are quite simple, easy to install, have a long service life, are reliable, harmless, i.e. great for drinking water supply, and have a very nice appearance.
To appreciate the benefits of a thermostatic battery, you need to pay attention to its correct installation. Hot water should be connected to the left and cold to the right. Otherwise, the thermostatic head will not work properly, which means that the temperature running water will be significantly different from the temperature set on the thermostat.
Only one adjustment knob can be installed at a time optimal temperature water, then only one flow adjustment can be made with the other. In addition, the set temperature will not change by changing any parameter in the system - for example, the pressure or temperature of the water due to another person's bath in the second bath. If we have a thermostatic battery installed, it will not produce enough hot water. The thermostat will also not light if there is no cold water in the system.
Below is a table with comparative characteristics pipes used in the installation of water supply.
Pipe material | pipe price | fitting price | additional It is important to note that the battery case is designed in such a way that it does not get hot even during long warm-up periods. As a result, they can be used safely by the elderly and young children. The time for setting the optimum water temperature for washing in two-handle batteries lasts several tens of seconds, and in one lever - usually about a dozen or so. On the other hand, in thermostatic batteries, the user flow temperature is already 3-4 seconds, and in models upper class- only after 1 second. | complexity |
skill required |
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stainless steel Therefore, water loss is much less. In addition, more and more batteries are equipped with a button, which is defined as environmentally limiting the flow of water from 40% to 60%. The most popular are shower thermostats because they are in the shower and can be used to their full potential. They are also adapted to the bath, especially if there are small children at home. Thermostatic batteries - like traditional ones - are available in wall-mounted and wall mounting. An interesting option The recessed battery is a multi-cell battery. This type of thermostatic battery is most commonly used. The effect of this is primarily simple assembly, which will be processed by each master. In addition, any installation errors can be quickly noticed and removed. These batteries are connected to the power supply using cams. This is necessary because installation tips do not always match battery spacing. | Skill Required |
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metal-plastic | + / - | Easily |
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Polypropylene | Easily In addition, you can slightly adjust the battery level using the cams. Thermostatic batteries in surface versions are suitable for use in showers or shower cabins. Outside, there is only a spout and a handle for adjusting the temperature and size of the water jet. Their installation requires preliminary planning - already at the design stage internal system water supply. That is why they are used in new homes. The undoubted advantage of these batteries is that they take up little space - which can be important when we have a small shower. |
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Polyethylene | Easily |
Installation of water pipes
Although there are two different schemes wiring, but in practice they usually use either a serial circuit or a combined one - series-collector. by the most simple materials in terms of installation of water supply wiring, polypropylene, metal-plastic, pipes made of cross-linked polyethylene and copper are considered.
Outdoor installation of water supply- pipes run along the walls. For open installation, polypropylene pipes are most often used.
Concealed installation water supply - pipes are laid in strobes and hidden with plaster, in concrete screed, underground.
The layout of water supply pipes starts from the entry point, i.e. source of water supply pumping station, hydraulic accumulator, pressure tank, pipe entry central water supply.
The common supply pipe, in order to have the least pressure loss, must be at least an inch in diameter.
It is mandatory to install a coarse water filter and a shut-off valve.
Next, the installation of piping begins according to the selected scheme, i.e. pipes are run to the bathroom, kitchen, laundry. If piping starts at ground floor and there is also a heating boiler, then a separate exit to the boiler is made.
With serial wiring, if you do not plan to hide it decorative panels and a box, it is recommended to mount the pipes 15 - 30 cm above the plinth. Thus, the pipes will be hardly noticeable and in some places hidden by plumbing fixtures.
When laying through walls and ceilings, pipes must be protected from damage. To do this, a casing pipe or a special cuff is placed in the hole.
Pipes are fixed with the help of special clips, plastic and metal clamps.
Installation with polypropylene pipes
You will need - a device for soldering with nozzles; pipe cutter; calibrator; fittings - tees, couplings, elbows, crosses, stopcocks; clips corresponding to the diameter of the pipes (needed to fix the pipes along the walls); pipes with diameters of 1 inch and ¾.
To supply water to plumbing fixtures in a private house, it is best to use ¾ pipes. This is due to the fact that when labeling polypropylene pipes outside diameter is indicated. For example, if the pipe is 1 inch, then this does not mean that there will be an inch passage inside, it will be the outer diameter, and, accordingly, the inner passage will be much narrower, due to the wall thickness.
A compensator is not required for the water supply system.
Installation is carried out sequentially. Pipes are easily cut and soldered. The cut off part of the pipe should be calibrated and deburred from internal burrs with a knife. After soldering, a characteristic shoulder should form.
For connections of polypropylene with pipes made of other materials and for the installation of water sockets, combined fittings with metal threads are used.
Polypropylene pipes and fittings.
Compound.
Installation with metal-plastic pipes
Such pipes carry out both open and hidden installation.
When open - you can use press fittings (not collapsible) and clamping (collapsible).
When hidden - only press fittings.
This is due to the fact that clamp fittings weaken over time, and twisting with a wrench is required.
For installation you will need - pipes 1 inch and ¾; fittings - elbows, couplings, adapters, tees, crosses; pipe cutter; calibrator; press tool for press fittings (can be rented); wrench for clamp fittings.
Metal-plastic pipes are sold in coils of great length, therefore, when laying pipes under a screed or plaster, it is advisable to use a single pipe.
Installation of connections using threaded fittings.
Pipes and press fittings.
Installation with copper pipes
Required - ¾ and ½ inch pipes (copper pipes have thin walls); gas-burner; hacksaw and metal brush for stripping; flux paste; solder; fittings - adapters, elbows, crosses, tees, couplings, water sockets.
Mounting connections by soldering.
A sliding sleeve is put on the pipe
Using a press tool, the sleeve is pulled over the “pipe-fitting” connection - the connection is non-separable, very durable. Such connections can be monolithic under the screed or plaster.
The end of the pipe and inside the fitting is lubricated with a thin layer of flux
The fitting is put on the pipe until it stops
The joint is heated until the color of the pipe changes.
Soldering copper pipes.
For open pipe laying, non-annealed pipes are used, for hidden pipes - annealed pipes (they bend easily).
Installation with XLPE pipes
These pipes are easily and simply mounted, but you will need a special crimping tool for mounting pipes made of cross-linked polyethylene, which can be rented; pipe cutter; calibrator; brass or PPSU (polyphenylsulfone) fittings - tees, couplings, adapters, elbows; pipes with a diameter of an inch and 3/4.
Installation of connections.
When choosing pipes made of cross-linked polyethylene, you should pay attention to their marking, i.e. suitability for drinking water supply.
Installation of connections.
Pipes and fittings.
And another very important point, which you should pay attention to after the water supply scheme is ready, and the selection and purchase of materials begins - this is quality!
You should not save and buy cheap pipes and fittings of dubious quality. The water supply system must be reliable, durable, strong and tight. And this applies not only to hidden laying, but also to open installation.
Materials should be purchased in specialized stores that give a guarantee for the goods and provide a certificate of quality for all products.
