Every summer resident wants to provide the most comfortable living conditions on his property. One of the main conditions is the presence of a toilet. Therefore, this structure can be considered the main one and, as a rule, it is build the very first on empty garden plot .
The simplest option- this is an ordinary pit with a cabin installed on top, but so typical wooden toilet has two significant disadvantages: strong smell And the need for periodic cleaning of the toilet.
Therefore, today we will try to discuss how to make a toilet for a summer house without smell and pumping out sewage.
Regular toilet
A typical country toilet with a cesspool
A standard village toilet with a cesspool cannot eliminate unpleasant odors and requires periodic cleaning or relocation to a new location. But with the right arrangement you can reduce these negative factors to a minimum.
- Firstly, it is advisable to do bigger hole. Many people dig a hole up to 2 meters deep and even more. 🙂 This significantly delays the moment when cleaning the pit is necessary. Some toilets with a large pit for seasonal residence in the country and even more so when visiting only on weekends without large quantity people work for up to 20 years! And to prevent the pit from crumbling, some summer residents put concrete rings there.
- Secondly, the pit should be located behind the toilet. That is, the booth is not placed directly in the center of the pit, but as if in front of it with a slight approach. The seat with the hole is located in the rear part of the toilet stall.
- And thirdly, you definitely need to do good hood from the pit. If there is a constant draft in the exhaust pipe, there will be no smell in the cabin due to proper ventilation toilet. The exhaust pipe is located behind the cabin and runs from the top of the pit to a level above the cabin by about half a meter. The air is drawn out through the hood and enters the pit through the hole in the toilet. At the same time, the cabin always has clean fresh air from the street, and there is almost no smell.
Nowadays they often sell ready-made toilets for summer cottages - wooden cabins. Which only need to be installed on the pit and the toilet is ready for use. The installation of the toilet itself does not require special knowledge and skills. The main thing is to place the booth level and fasten it securely.
Powder closet
Homemade powder closet for the dacha
This is an outdoor toilet in a country house without a cesspool.
It works in a similar way to a peat dry closet.
A container for waste (usually a bucket) is placed under the seat, and after defecation sprinkle the waste with sawdust, ash, peat or peat from a special container using a scoop.
The waste container itself is periodically removed and used as fertilizer.
Plastic toilet for a summer residence
Standard portable plastic toilet
This option is often used in various street cafes and at various events with large crowds of people. outdoors. It is a plastic cabin with a waste container, into which a special container with chemicals for processing and disinfection of sewage.
Requires periodic cleaning. There are companies that replace such booths.
This option has the right to live within the dacha plot, but is not very popular.
Toilet inside the house
Bucket toilet
Plastic bucket toilet
Perhaps this is the simplest option for a toilet in the country. Different from regular baby potty the presence of a full seat with a lid.
It is advisable to place a disposable bag inside, which should then be thrown away. But many people don’t do this and simply wash the bucket-toilet. The package must be durable and not leak.
This bucket is often used as night toilet . During the day, an outdoor closet is used, but at night it is too lazy and cold to go outside, so such a bucket is brought into the house. Popular with the older generation of summer residents.
Biotoilet based on microorganisms
Dry toilet-bucket
This is a bucket toilet 2.0 :), that is, a more advanced unit that does not emit unpleasant odor. Can also be used indoors. Periodically requires backfilling with special biomass with bacteria that process waste. A special removable container allows you to pour already processed waste into the garden as fertilizer.
Peat dry toilet
Peat toilet for a summer residence
One of the types of dry closets, where waste is sprinkled with peat from a special tank. Therefore there is almost no smell. This type of toilet is also called Finnish toilet.
To the toilet It is advisable to connect ventilation.
The operating principle of a peat toilet is as follows: waste is sprinkled with peat, then liquid waste poured into a special container, or into drain hole, and solid waste with peat must be periodically removed and used as fertilizer.
Finnish peat toilets V Lately are very popular among summer residents. The most popular models: Ekomatic, Piteco, Biolan.
Chemical based portable toilet
Portable toilet
Another option for a bucket toilet. But in this case waste is processed by a special mixture of chemical reagents, which is poured inside. Just like a dry closet with bacteria does not have a bad smell, but unlike it in this case Do not pour recycled waste onto garden beds because they are not harmless.
Electric dry closet
Electric dry closet
Outwardly similar to a portable dry closet, but unlike it, it is not mobile and requires connection to engineering systems.The operating principle is that solid waste is separated from liquid waste, dried and transferred to a special container.
The liquid component is drained into the sewer (an underground drainage pit is sufficient without a full-fledged septic tank).
In addition, a ventilation connection is required to eliminate odor.
At its core is almost a regular toilet, but is used in cases where it is not possible to arrange a full-fledged sewerage system.
Full bathroom
Country bathroom in the house
Perhaps this most the best option for a country house, but also dearest.It requires a separate room in the house and utilities. A toilet is installed in the bathroom, to which water supply is supplied. The toilet is drained either into a drainage pit or into a septic tank.
- Drain pit will require periodic pumping of waste using a sewer truck.
- Septic tank does not require pumping, or requires it much less often, since it processes waste in several containers.
In addition to the complexity of arranging a separate bathroom, you should also remember that a house with a bathroom requires heating in winter, otherwise when sub-zero temperature You can defrost the water supply and toilet.
IN as a last resort it is possible to drain the entire system for the winter and fill the toilet with non-freezing liquid.
But all difficulties are compensated by ease of use, so this option has become increasingly common in dachas, even in small houses.
Warm toilet in the country
Many summer residents are increasingly traveling to their dachas in winter. This is due to the fact that country roads began to be cleaned more often in winter, and the accessibility of the site has improved. A significant role in this belongs to those who have chosen to live in the country all year round. It is not uncommon to see full-fledged residential buildings in the country.
Outdoor heated toilet
It’s cold in winter, and the question arises of how to arrange warm toilet in the country.
If the toilet is inside the house, then the issue is resolved by itself - the bathroom will be warm.
What about the outdoor toilet? But this issue is also solvable.
- First of all, winter The toilet in the country can be insulated. For example, use extruded polystyrene foam (penoplex). It is inexpensive, holds heat well and is not afraid of moisture. In an insulated toilet, the temperature is always higher than outside. Yes, and basic protection from the wind will already create more comfortable conditions in the outdoor toilet in winter.
- Secondly, you can heat the toilet. Yes, yes, don't laugh. Many people do this. Any heat source can be installed in an outdoor toilet. It could be electric heater and a heater using some kind of fuel. As a result, the cabin becomes warm and cozy on long winter evenings. 🙂
Which option should I choose?
What should you consider when choosing one option over another? The following factors should be considered:
Waste volume
Try to figure out how often you will use the toilet? How many people Will he go to the restroom? The volume of waste and, accordingly, the method of its disposal greatly depend on this. This is perhaps the main factor influencing the choice of toilet.
Depth of groundwater
At high level groundwater Pit latrines and, in some cases, septic tanks are excluded.
Check the groundwater level in the spring.
Finance
How much are you willing to spend for arranging a toilet? There are options from the cheapest to super expensive septic tanks. It all depends on your wallet and wishes.
Recycling
Any toilets require waste disposal Sooner or later. Think about all this in advance when choosing one or another toilet option. You must understand how to clean your toilet, how difficult and expensive it is.
Communications
Often the first thing a person thinks about after purchasing a plot of land is: how to make a simple outdoor toilet in a dacha with your own hands and ready-made drawings will come in handy here, as well as detailed description all stages of construction, tips and nuances.
One of the most important and vital buildings on a dacha or garden plot is the toilet. The need for a simple structure arises within a few hours of arrival. And even if the owners already have a bathroom in cozy house, street amenities will never be superfluous.
It’s easy to build a toilet in your summer cottage with your own hands
The simplicity of the design allows even a person without much construction experience to equip a toilet for their dacha with their own hands. And if you use your imagination, then a house for thinking about
will fit perfectly into the design of the site and, perhaps, even become its decoration.
What kind of toilet to build: types and features
Actually, there are only two options here: with or without a cesspool.
- A toilet with a cesspool is a simple structure, proven by experience and time, which consists of an equipped cesspool and a toilet house above it. As the pit is filled with sewage, it is cleaned out manually or a sewer truck is ordered.
And sometimes they simply move the house to another place. The old pit is buried, and after 6-7 years its contents will finally rot and you can put the toilet back again.
- A backlash closet is a type of outdoor toilet with a pit for sewage, but with the difference that it must be sealed. Such a toilet has to be built if it is located close to a house, a water source, or when the groundwater is high.
Diagram: how the backlash closet works
- A toilet without a cesspool or a powder closet is installed if the groundwater is very high or if the toilet is rarely used. In this case, the container for collecting sewage can be anything except a pit (bucket, barrel, plastic tank). The required volume determines the intensity of use of the bathroom.
After each trip to such a toilet, sewage is sprinkled with dry peat, sometimes sawdust or ash is used, so the house should have a box for “masking powder”. After filling, the container is removed manually and the contents are evacuated to the compost pit. If the sewage has been sprinkled with peat, then after a while it becomes a wonderful fertilizer.
Toilet without a cesspool (powder closet)
Important! If groundwater lies below 2.5 meters, any type of toilet can be built, but if it is located higher, then a cesspool will have to be abandoned.
Where to build a toilet
For toilets with a cesspool, there are a number of sanitary and hygienic standards and restrictions, which determine their location on the site.
Minimum distances from the toilet to other objects:
- To water sources (wells, boreholes, lakes, rivers) – 25 m;
- To houses, cellars - 12 m;
- To a summer shower or bath – 8 m;
- To the nearest tree – 4 m, and to the bushes – 1 m;
- To fences - at least 1 m.
Scheme: correct location toilet relative to other buildings on the dacha plot
Important! When choosing a construction site, it is worth considering not only the objects located on your own site, but also those located on the neighboring one.
So that summer evenings on the terrace are not spoiled by the amber, the place is chosen taking into account the wind rose. If the site is located on a slope, it is better to install the toilet at the lowest point.
Construction of a cesspool
After selecting and preparing the site, they begin to dig cesspool. As a rule, it is square in shape and at least 2 meters deep.
There are two types of cesspool:
- Sealed. The bottom of such a pit is concreted, reinforced before pouring, and to prevent the reinforcement from sinking in the concrete, it is placed on pegs. The walls are also sealed, puttied with mortar or the seams covered with bitumen.
Sealed pit latrine
- Absorbing. It is better to dig such a hole down to the sand, then the liquid fraction of sewage will quickly sink into the ground. The bottom is covered with a layer of coarse crushed stone or pebbles.
Absorption cesspool design
There are several ways to strengthen the walls of a cesspool:
- Brickwork;
- Concrete structure;
- Ready-made reinforced concrete rings;
- Plastic tank.
The pit is covered from above, with beams, slate or concrete, leaving only the area under the toilet seat open, and they begin to assemble the toilet house.
Construction of a toilet house
Optimal sizes country toilet 1×1.5 m, height – 2.2-2.5 m. Otherwise, it will simply be inconvenient, especially for people with large figures. It is not necessary to make toilet drawings yourself, if there are no special requirements and you can use ready-made ideas.
First of all, the scheme is convenient in that it allows you to correctly calculate the amount of building materials and the preliminary cost of a yard bathroom.
Construction of a toilet over a cesspool (proper placement diagram)
Frame base
It is recommended to move the toilet house 2/3 forward above the cesspool, thus providing access for cleaning behind the rear wall of the structure.
The stability of the building can be ensured by a shallow foundation. Between it and the frame, waterproofing is laid, 1-2 layers of roofing felt. But for light construction made of wood it is not at all necessary. It is enough to install the base on concrete blocks.
You can also put four supporting pillars. To do this, four holes about 60 cm deep are dug in the corners of the future structure, up to 1 meter deep in soft soils, and asbestos pipes are lowered into them. The hole is filled one third of the way cement mortar. After this, a support beam is installed in the pipe, and the hole is completely filled with concrete.
Installing the toilet base on concrete blocks
Frame assembly
To build a frame, beams with a cross section of 50×50 or 80×80 mm will be sufficient; it is not advisable to take larger material.
- First, assemble a rectangular support with a jumper from which the front wall of the toilet seat will rise, and screw it to the foundation or support posts. A board is laid on top. Thickness floor board must be at least 3 cm.
erection wooden frame for the toilet
- The frame of the front, rear and side walls is assembled from timber. In this case, the front wall should be at least 10 cm higher than the back wall, this will ensure the necessary roof slope.
- For greater structural strength, it is recommended to make diagonal jibs on the side and rear walls.
- On the front wall, be sure to make a reinforcement for the door of the appropriate size and make a hole for the window.
- The frames of the walls are secured to the base with metal corners, and a strapping is made on top and at the level of the toilet seat.
Strengthening the toilet frame with metal corners
- The next step will be assembling the frame of the toilet seat and covering it, if not provided alternative options, for example, a floor-mounted toilet.
Frame covering
The frame is covered with wooden boards. Vertical arrangement allows you to significantly save material, and the horizontal one imitates a log house and looks more interesting. The boards are tightly fitted to each other and attached to the base. Instead of wood, corrugated sheets, slate or any other material that matches the construction budget are also used.
Toilet frame trim
Advice! All wooden elements It is advisable to treat the structures with a special antibacterial impregnation, which will protect the material from moisture and pests, and then cover it with varnish or paint
Roof
The roof should not protrude beyond the walls by more than 30 cm. Installation begins by securing parallel boards at a short distance. After this, the visor is sewn up from below, and boards are attached to the outside around the perimeter. A layer of waterproofing is laid on the prepared base, usually roofing felt, after which the structure is covered with any roofing material(slate, metal profile, bitumen shingles).
For a toilet, erecting a simple flat roof is enough
Summer residents who are not satisfied with the standard layout of the house can look for drawings of more interesting options, make it themselves or purchase ready-made toilet houses; they are assembled like a construction set, and for convenience they are necessarily accompanied by instructions and all the accompanying drawings.
Exhaust ventilation
Exhaust ventilation in a country toilet - it is a pipe that removes odors from the cesspool. Its lower edge is inserted into the hole, and the upper edge should rise above the roof by at least 20 cm.
Ventilation of a country toilet
A plastic pipe with a diameter of 100 millimeters is suitable for arranging ventilation. It is pulled to the rear wall from the inside or outside of the building and fixed with iron clamps. To increase traction, a deflector attachment is installed on the head.
Installing a toilet door
Doors are installed using ordinary wooden, ready-made plastic or home-made ones, from the material with which the frame was sheathed. Hang the door on 2 hinges. In principle, the closing method can be any, traditionally it is a latch, latch or hook, outside and inside. It is better to avoid more sophisticated locking systems, for example, with latches, since their mechanism will be exposed to moisture and will quickly rust.
Two hinges are enough to install the door
Lighting
For more comfortable operation of amenities, it is better to take care of their lighting in advance. This could be a wall lantern that is battery powered. As an option, you can install electrical wiring and connect a small lighting fixture.
Lighting options for a country toilet
During the day, a small window will illuminate the interior space. It is usually cut out above the doors or at the top of the door, but there are actually more options, from figured windows on the walls to a transparent roof.
Advice! A cesspool will last longer if you don’t throw it in toilet paper and other hygiene or household supplies, so there must be a bucket in the toilet. If the size allows, it is convenient to install a regular washbasin with a hanging spout here, especially since the rowing pit is already ready.
Powder closet: construction features
The absence of a cesspool is the main difference in construction. But there are some differences in the design of the house. You will have to think about a way to remove the container in which the sewage is collected.
Scheme: powder closet device
The door is usually equipped back wall house or the front wall of the toilet seat. Inside the cabin there is a special box for peat (ash, sawdust). It’s also impossible to do without ventilation here, only the pipe is not lowered into the hole, but directly under the toilet seat.
Construction of a toilet in the country: video
A city dweller accustomed to comfort in his dacha has to take care of his own comforts. He has at his disposal several options for arranging country toilets, from which he has to choose the one that is suitable both in terms of means and practicality. Let's consider all the options in terms of their advantages and disadvantages.
Types of country toilets: advantages and disadvantages of each
Country toilets can be classified in several ways: by location, method of manufacture and method of accumulation and processing of waste.
By location:
- separate building in the yard
- wooden;
- brick;
- from corrugated board;
- made of slate;
- from sandwich panels;
- room inside the house.
By production:
- ready for use purchased;
- homemade;
- custom.
According to the method of waste accumulation and processing:
- with a cesspool;
- with a septic tank;
- with remote tank:
- powder closet;
- dry closet:
- chemical:
- ammonium;
- formaldehyde;
- peat;
- biological;
- electric.
- chemical:
The location of the toilet in the country depends on how much time you spend there. It is ideal, of course, to make two options: in the yard and in the house - the first is used during work on the ground, so as not to enter the house again. For those who visit their dacha on short visits and never live for a long time, the optimal option would be either a portable option or a lightweight outbuilding, because its construction is cheaper. And if the dacha is a second home, then the toilet in the yard becomes an inconvenience.
As for the materials for the construction of an outbuilding, some of them will be discussed further.
Regarding the manufacturing method: it is, of course, easier and cheaper for a craftsman to do everything himself. And if convenience is more valuable than money, you can buy a ready-made model that is most comfortable to use and maintain, for example, an electric dry closet.
Let's move on to the main thing: the differences in what happens to waste.
cesspool
The simplest structure, “classic”. It can be considered a primitive single-chamber septic tank on a drainage pad. Its walls should preferably be reinforced - with brick or concrete, and the bottom - either the same concrete or gravel drainage. If the cesspool is a container without drainage, it needs to be cleaned more often. To do this, vacuum cleaners are invited to pump out the contents for money.
The advantage of a cesspool is the simplicity of the device. But at the same time, it is good to know the geology of the site, in particular the location of groundwater. If they are higher than 2 meters, the cesspool is canceled. There are also a number of standards that must be observed - these are the distances to buildings and to the reservoir. Failure to comply may result in contamination of soil water with pathogenic bacteria, transfer to cultivated crops, drinking wells, ingestion and illness of people.
A cesspool is inconvenient because it requires maintenance - periodic pumping, inoculation of beneficial bacteria to eliminate odor. You can’t call it environmentally friendly either.
A backlash closet is a restroom in the house, but also with a cesspool, the hatch of which is located in the yard. Waste enters it through a sewer pipe. A backlash closet differs from an outbuilding only in its location.
Septic tank
There are different types of septic tanks: storage and with cleaning. Storage tanks can be compared to a cesspool, only sealed. Vacuum trucks are also needed to clean them. Septic tanks with cleaning settle and purify waste to a more or less acceptable state - from 60 to 98% purity. Deep cleaning occurs due to bacteria and chemistry.
The septic tank can be common for all waste - household water and sewage, or it can be separate - for a toilet, for a bathhouse, for a house.
The advantage of a septic tank is its tightness. And when it is cumulative, and when it is cleaned, you don’t have to worry about soil contamination. The second undoubted advantage is the absence of odor. Cesspools are sometimes moved, but with a septic tank there is no such need.
Disadvantages of septic tanks: for storage tanks - the need for emptying, like a cesspool; for systems with soil post-treatment - silting of filtration fields; for electric ones - dependence on the power supply. In general, septic tanks with post-treatment are expensive, which is also difficult to call an advantage.
Powder closet
It's even cheaper than a cesspool. It is enough to put it on the site simple house with a toilet seat, under which there will be a removable tank. When it's full, they simply take it out.
IMPORTANT! If you do nothing with the waste or simply cover it with sand, then you cannot pour it into any compost pit!
Therefore, closet powder is usually made with peat, but you will read about this variety below.
The advantage of a simple powder closet is its extreme simplicity and low cost. Unfortunately, this is where the advantages end.
Disadvantages: the smell will be present both in the restroom itself and when removing the tank (often it’s just a bucket). The need to find a safe place to dispose of waste. Frequent (compared to the same septic tank) emptying of the tank.
Chemical liquid dry closet
You can recycle waste different ways, in particular, with the help of chemistry. Within a day they turn into a homogeneous mass, which does not smell specifically. On sale you can find ammonium and formaldehyde products that are used to refill liquid toilets.
Ammonium
A relatively harmless recycling option, which results in a mass that can be poured into a compost pit. By the way, ammonium products can be poured not only into portable toilets, but also into a regular cesspool, which will reduce the volume of waste and eliminate the unpleasant odor.
The advantages of ammonium products include their harmlessness and cost-effectiveness - a liter of concentrate is enough to operate a 20-liter portable toilet for three months.
IMPORTANT! Ammonium products decompose in air within 4–7 days, so they must be added at such intervals.
formaldehyde
Its high efficiency is combined with great harm to the environment. A liter of product is enough for 3-4 months of operation of the already mentioned 20-liter portable toilet.
IMPORTANT! Under no circumstances should waste processed with formaldehyde be disposed of in the ground or in a body of water. It is acceptable to drain into a public sewer, but this makes cleaning too much of a hassle.
Peat
And here is an example of an environmentally friendly and cheap country toilet. It is enough to stock up on dry peat to solve the problem of both bad odor and waste processing. The principle is also extremely simple: it is enough to put peat in the container of the powder-closet, and each time after using the toilet, sprinkle with a new portion of peat, in order to as a result achieve the absence of odor and processed waste suitable for a compost pit. Or you can purchase a ready-made portable model. Since a peat toilet seems to us to be the best solution, we will devote an entire chapter to it below. For now, let's name its pros and cons.
The advantages are obvious: peat compost is a fertilizer that can be used in the garden, the environment does not suffer, there are no odors, the portable model is convenient for carrying and emptying, and it is inexpensive. And since there is no need for water for flushing, frost is not a problem.
Disadvantages: you cannot use regular paper, it does not decompose, you need special paper. If a lot of people use the restroom, you may have to empty the container frequently.
Biological
This is a type of portable liquid toilet, where microorganisms are used to decompose waste, which are purchased in the form of liquid or tablets designed for a certain cleaning capacity. In principle, the same bacteria can also clean the cesspool.
Unlike a chemical toilet, those who use a biological toilet can safely pour processed waste onto the ground. They are harmless.
The main advantage of using microorganisms is safety for environment. They clean drains, eliminate odors, and turn waste into compost - fertilizer for plants.
Among the disadvantages, we can name only one: the relatively high price of products containing live bacteria.
Electric
Another type of dry closets is electric. These models first separate the liquid and solid components of the waste, and then turn the latter into powder, and the former are merged into drainage system. The powder is then used to fertilize the beds.
It is clear that such a dry closet can only function with a constant power supply, and in addition, it definitely needs ventilation and drainage.
Its advantages are a significant reduction in waste volumes, which requires infrequent emptying. There is no need for any additional means - fillers, flushing fluids, or cleaning fluids.
Among the shortcomings, it is worth mentioning the high cost, dependence on electricity, installation work for drainage and ventilation. And you can't use it while standing.
Let's start with the fact that the filler can be not only peat, but also its mixture with sawdust. However, it is peat that turns waste into fertilizer (composts). In addition, it has the ability to neutralize pathogenic microorganisms, which results in harmless compost. At the same time, it adsorbs (absorbs) liquids and odors.
The principle of operation of a peat toilet: it is based on the biological decomposition of waste by living microorganisms inhabiting peat. Solid waste is composted, liquid waste is absorbed into the filler and partially evaporates into the ventilation, gaseous waste is completely removed through the ventilation.
If you decide to purchase a peat toilet in a store, it will have two tanks - an upper and a lower one. The upper one is a peat storage, from where it is distributed into waste in the lower tank using a handle on the body. The owner decides how much peat is enough. People often complain about the handles - they scatter unevenly and often break. Many people end up simply placing a bucket of peat and a scoop next to it.
What to look for when buying
- The dimensions, especially the seat height - it is usually lower than a standard toilet, so check how comfortable it is for you.
- Regarding the volume of the lower tank, you should not think that the larger it is, the better, because waste cannot be stored for a long time. Focus on the number of users: a large tank for a large family.
- Fill indicator - this will save you from opening the lower tank again.
- Maximum load on the seat - remember the approximate weight of future users and take the appropriate model.
Which manufacturers are popular on the Russian market?
- Compact ECO (Russia)
- Ekomatic L&T (Finland)
- Piteco (Russia)
- Mulltoa (Sweden)
- Biolan (Russia)
Price range
Prices for various models vary from 3.5 to 83 thousand rubles. The price only partly depends on the volume of the tanks, more on the brand.
- When more than five people use such a toilet, it is recommended to install forced ventilation.
- You should not leave the dry closet lid open after use.
- A large number of users can lead to excess fluid, so it is worth pre-equipping the drainage of fluid from the dry closet into the drainage system of the dacha.
- It is better to make the ventilation pipe longer - up to 4 meters.
- If you don’t want to carry a heavy, filled tank, it’s better not to wait until it’s full. Or take a model not only with handles, but also with wheels.
- To increase efficiency, it is better to use granulated peat mixtures. They are more expensive, but absorption increases 4 times.
- Do not send the contents of the bottom tank directly to the beds. It must ripen in compost pit or container for six months to a year.
Examples in photographs
Diagram of a country toilet with a cesspool, dimensions given 
Scheme of a backdoor closet with heated ventilation and a cesspool 
Ready-made wooden houses for an outhouse toilet in the country 
Scheme of a simple powder closet with a bucket under the toilet seat 
Diagram of a country toilet with dimensions 
Birdhouse - a typical outbuilding on a summer cottage 
Peat dry closet, general form 
Peat dry closet, emptying the container 
Internal organization peat toilet 
Plastic cabin for country peat dry closet
Useful video
which clearly demonstrates different kinds dry closets and talks about their device.
Is the toilet made of bricks or sandwich panels?
Above we have already mentioned many materials from which you can build an outhouse. Let's compare two options: brick and sandwich panels.
| Brick | Sandwich panel (SIP) | |
| Labor intensity of construction | The process is time-consuming, requires professional skills and building knowledge. | The installation speed is high, but you need to know the rules. |
| Building durability | It will last for decades. | 10–15 years is the operational life of SIP. |
| Thermal protection | Brick - cold material. To make a warm restroom, you will have to insulate it with polystyrene foam, mineral wool or other heat insulator. | A 0.174 m thick SIP wall retains heat in the same way as 2.5 m of brick. |
| Fire hazard | Brick does not burn, but after a fire the building made from it is still demolished, because the walls are still destroyed. | Like wood (but can be treated with fire retardants, because there will be electrical wiring in the toilet, and it can cause fires). |
| Rodents | Not scary. | Protection is needed - metal mesh, for example. |
Most often, the design of a “place for reflection” is shelved. Usually this is a simple and unpretentious design (it’s good that it doesn’t get blown away by a gust of wind), consisting of wooden house and cesspool. However, there are enthusiasts who approach this issue creatively, with soul and create on their site a real masterpiece, bringing the country bathroom closer . In today's review we will tell you what a country toilet can be like and what technical solutions can make it comfortable and your care less tiring.
As you have probably noticed, closets in the country can come in different forms: in the form of a house, a cabin, a booth, with or without fences, with or without cesspools. With certain carpentry and plumbing skills, building a comfortable bathroom in your dacha will not be difficult. Moreover, modern technologies make it possible to create a toilet without constructing a cesspool. How? Let's consider the options.
Advice! If your house is equipped water supply network and sewerage, then the simplest option is to build a so-called “water closet”. The entire drainage system is installed inside the house, and the toilet itself is installed outside, which will free up space in the country house and get rid of foreign odors.
You can use the water closet only in the warm season. In winter, the water in the tank will simply freeze. Peat toilet: an option for an amateur
An interesting kind of toilet, where waste must be covered with peat. For this purpose, a container with peat mass is specially installed next to the tank.
Important! It is desirable to connect ventilation to the toilet.
Such toilets have recently become increasingly popular: models such as Ekomatic, Piteco, Biolan are already familiar to most “advanced” summer residents. The liquid part is simply drained into a special tank, which must be emptied. 
dry closet ecomatic
dry closet biolan
Powder-closet: the fastest in speed of assembly and installation
The powder closet can be installed in any corner or area. There is no need to dig a cesspool for it; just use a simple bucket or other container.
The entire structure also consists of a toilet seat where the toilet stand is installed For repeated use, the waste is sprinkled with ordinary wood shavings. The finished structures are equipped with a special mechanism for sprinkling.
Advice! Typically, this design is used in areas where, due to the groundwater level, it is impossible to dig a full-fledged cesspool. However, if you want to use the powder closet not outdoors, but indoors or in a closed perimeter, then it is better to provide a ventilation system.
Dry toilet: expensive but effective
Typically, a fairly expensive system is used in street cafes or in crowded places. However, there are also more compact designs that are quite suitable for country house. The principle of operation of a dry closet is simple. The sewage is pumped into a special container where chemical substances, which work on the principle treatment facilities.
The containers require cleaning, so you will have to “splurge” on periodic maintenance of the dry closet.
Country bucket toilet: simple and cheap
An even simpler version of a country closet. One of the most accessible and inexpensive. It works on the principle of a night vase, just a little larger in volume. A disposable bag is usually placed inside. Sometimes they don’t do this and simply disinfect the container after each use. These bucket toilets are very common in nursing homes. After all, very often it is difficult for older people to get to the bathroom on their own due to their age. A country bucket toilet can be an excellent replacement for an outdoor toilet during the cold season.
Chemical toilet: an interesting version of the odorless toilet
Variation of the bucket toilet. However, in this case, the waste cannot be used as a waste product, since it has already reacted with chemicals and can be dangerous for feeding plants.
Toilet in the country with a cesspool: a classic of country life
A classic country bathroom is an outdoor toilet with a dug cesspool. What designs do craftsmen come up with to turn a classic latrine into interesting element decor!
There are two types:
- Option 1. Non-portable pit latrine: a waste pit is built with a concrete base and equipped with filters so that the waste does not disturb the ecosystem of the site.
- Option 2. Cesspool with a portable house. After filling one hole, it is preserved, pumped with special substances for rotting, and covered with metal sheets. And the house is moved to another place, where a new closet is being dug.
Backlash closet: a universal solution for home and street
Such a toilet can be installed even in the absence of a sewerage system. This is an improved version of the classic cesspool. Such a system necessarily requires installation, but without the usual sewage system.
The advantages of such a toilet are that at first glance they are no different from a regular one. All odors are tightly hidden inside the container.
Important! The cesspool from the toilet towards the general storage tank goes with a slight expansion, and the bottom must be made with a slope.
Country toilet with shower: ideal for hot weather
This is a more expanded version of the water closet, the only difference is that it is equipped not only with a toilet, but also with a shower, possibly or a washbasin. This is a full-fledged open-air.
Which toilet is better to choose for a summer house: with or without a cesspool?
Of course, everything depends on financial capabilities. Sometimes the option with a cesspool will be ideal, in some cases you can get by with a bucket.
As we have already said, a cesspool is not suitable for every summer cottage. In this case, you can use other alternative ways and solutions.
Types of toilet models for country toilets
Do not place it in an outdoor toilet under any circumstances. The fact is that under the weight of the entire structure, taking into account the weight of a person wooden base the toilet may not hold up. This is why it is better to use a porcelain and plastic toilet. Before choosing a toilet, think about whether a simpler option for a country house building will suit you. require mandatory connection to water supply systems and drainage structures.
Provide pipe branches from all water points in advance. For example, a water closet provides for the drainage of sewage into a septic tank or cesspool.
Advice! A homemade tank requires mandatory sealing of the joints, usually these are concrete rings 100 - 150 mm thick; after they are created, the hatch is covered with a slab or sheet, which can be removed if necessary to pump out the wastewater using a sewer truck.
Plastic and ceramic toilet
The most versatile toilet of all is plastic. It is quite light, but at the same time durable. You can cut the bottom in yourself if you need to install it directly above the septic tank. They are also easy to wash, there are the most different variants colors and shapes.
Ceramic toilets are a little more expensive, but they also look more solid. Domestic models cost on average about 2,000 thousand rubles.
Which is better to buy a country toilet for an outdoor toilet?
- There must be fastenings at the bottom of the device, otherwise it will be problematic to install it on;
- the device should be as light as possible and the mechanisms should be simple;
- The hole at the bottom should be wide to make it easier to clean.
What means can you use to eliminate odor in a country toilet with a cesspool?
In almost every version of a country toilet it is necessary to arrange a forced toilet, perhaps except for chemical ones. That is why it is better to take care of this at the stage of planning the closet.
If initially ventilation tube was not provided, then you can install it yourself. To do this, use a regular one or a piece metal pipe, it is important to strengthen it in the cesspool. And bring the second half to the roof of the toilet, the edge should protrude. In the warm season, the sun will heat the pipe, and it will work like a hood .
Important! Under no circumstances should bleach be added to cesspools or peat toilets! It will kill all the necessary bacteria that are working hard to break down the waste.
bioactivator biosept
They are quite simple to use: the product must be diluted in water according to the instructions, poured into a cesspool, and then the bacteria will work independently without your help.
We list the most popular names:
- "Intavir";
- "Successful";
- "Clean house";
- "Sanex";
- "Micropan";
- "Doctor Robik";
The main advantage of using such products is their environmental friendliness, safety for the soil, as well as an additional deodorizing effect.
How to choose a place for an outdoor toilet for a summer house in accordance with regulations
When choosing the location of a country toilet, it is important to consider many factors. This is, first of all, the proximity to natural water sources and wells. Sanitary buildings should be located no closer than 25 meters to the water source.
If the terrain of the site is complex, then it is best to place the cesspool in a lowland rather than on a hill, otherwise the runoff may spread into the soil of the entire site.
Install the toilet away from residential buildings, including neighbors, as a gust of wind can carry an unpleasant “aroma” out the window to your neighbors.
Advice! If you plan to use a sewer truck to clean the wastewater, place the cesspool closer to the entrance
If your site has a high level, any manipulations with digging cesspools are extremely contraindicated. Otherwise, you risk destroying the harvest and spoiling it. In this case, the only solution may be a sealed storage container.
Country toilet projects - drawings with dimensions and photos
We propose to study the most interesting, in our opinion, drawings of country plumbing buildings, the implementation of which will not be difficult.
