So, I collected a sufficient amount of material and decided to write another analytical note. This time the topic is sawing laminated chipboard without chipping.
There is a fairly fair opinion that it is possible to cut laminated chipboard cleanly only on professional equipment(that is, a format-cutting machine).
The whole highlight of this machine is that it has two saw blades located strictly on the same axis. The first one cuts the chipboard, the second one cuts it right through.
The cost of this unit is about 700,000 - 1,000,000 rubles (of course, there are more expensive ones))). NOT VERY ACCEPTABLE FOR AN Amateur.
This is a good way to trim incorrectly marked parts, but you can’t cut the entire cabinet this way. Chips, of course, are present, but in an amount quite comparable to the formatter (it also, secretly, leaves a small number of small chips). A lot of hassle with markings. Only straight cuts can be made.
Method 5 - Fraser
Provides the cleanest possible edge to the workpiece, the quality is no different from the formatter, often even better.
With it, we first saw the workpiece with a jigsaw, retreating 2-3 mm from the marking line, and then align the line according to the template (I usually use a second piece of laminated chipboard, sawed on a format saw, of a suitable size). must be copying, that is, with a bearing.
Very clean cut. The possibility of making curved cuts, that is, making many, including several completely identical ones. Disadvantages - a lot of hassle: the need for precise marking, preliminary filing of workpieces, setting a template or tire for the router, that is, it is not very suitable for mass use.
Quite often, a furniture board is required for work - this is a wood material used for the production of furniture or decorative elements, usually glued from a set of rectangular blanks, and these blanks are glued together at the ends so that the board is a flat area material. There are a lot of options for assembling shields - this includes simple end gluing and assembly on various dowels and dovetail. In this article we will talk about the manufacture of a not quite ordinary shield, or rather, about its further processing.
Tools and material for assembling furniture panels
To work we will need the following set of tools:
- Grinder with a saw blade and a device for cutting grooves;
- Sander (belt or eccentric);
- Miter saw;
- Hand tools: Clamps, plane, pencil, etc.
Material
- Solid wood (for example, pine);
- Wood glue.
Shield manufacturing technology
Let's divide all our work into two main stages:
- Shield assembly
- Shield processing.
Shield assembly
In fact, at this stage everything is quite standard and there is probably nothing particularly fundamentally new here, but, nevertheless, let’s go over the standard technology one more time.
1. We dissolve the array into blanks
The standard and simplest procedure is to cut into pieces of the required size.
2. Level the height of the workpieces
We pass our workpieces through to level their height and make the surfaces as parallel as possible.
3. Planing the ends
4. Marking the studs
5. Cut the grooves for the tenons
6. Shield gluing
And, as always, we need to tighten our entire structure very well with clamps to ensure minimal gaps and a tight fit of the gluing planes. It is also important to pay attention to the fact that at the moment of fixation the shield does not move or bend in an arc. To do this, we fix it with many clamps in different planes.
Giving relief to the shield
1. Primary processing of the shield
2. Preparing the circular
And now the fun begins - let’s start sawing across. To do this, you need to make a parallel (even perpendicular!) stop that will not go along saw blade, and across. Since such an element, of course, is not provided for in standard configurations, we will therefore make it ourselves from a simple board pressed with clamps to the saw table.
4. Making the relief of the shield
Now you gradually need to start grinding down the outer part of the board, moving the workpiece across the saw blade. Each time you increase the reach of the saw blade, the volume of wood removed will correspondingly increase, forming the relief. This operation must be carried out sequentially on each side of the workpiece to ensure uniform removal of volumes. Below are several photographs from different angles to make everything completely clear.
Shield surface treatment
Then we cover the surface chemical composition– these can be varnishes (glossy or matte), impregnations, tinting stains, etc. – the choice of impregnating composition is a topic for a separate article.
The relief furniture panel is ready.
Video
Below is a video that was used to make it this material.
As practice shows, do high-quality cut Chipboard with a durable melamine coating is very difficult. Rough tools often leave nicks in the cuts. You will no longer be able to assemble a neat door or shelf with such defects. Cutting laminated chipboard at home usually occurs when repair work or furniture making.
How to cut chipboard without nicks and chips?
Special equipment
Of course, the best option is to use a special formatting machine. With its help you can get any cut. But you can’t buy such an instrument for private needs, but manufacturing plant providing sawing services, such a procedure will cost good money. More cheap way - Circular Saw. There are even special saws for chipboard. But they will also require the use of special tools. However, many should have in their arsenal milling machine, which will correct the rough cut with a milling cutter. If you have experience working on such a machine, it will not be difficult to obtain a satisfactory appearance cut.
Handy tools
You can cut chipboard with a jigsaw, but this will be a rough cut. The edges may turn out not straight, but sinusoidal, and in the worst case, the edge will not be perpendicular to the front surface.
When cutting, you must be prepared for the fact that the jigsaw file will begin to “walk” due to the bend. You need to cut with a margin of 4 mm, and then level the edge.
Cutting laminated chipboard at home using a jigsaw reduces the formation of chips. When cutting, you need to increase the speed and reduce the feed, setting the pumping to 0. Only sharp files intended for special use should be used. sawing chipboard. Only by following these rules can you achieve good result. After cutting, the end that will be visible can be sanded down. Additionally, before cutting, as already mentioned, you need to cut a line along which the cut will take place. But we do not move the file along this line, but near it - then the chips will not touch the limits you need. In the end, all that remains is to finish the edges with sandpaper.
Indents from the contour can be up to 4 mm. Then these few millimeters are removed cylindrical cutter using a hand-held electric router with a bearing. The bearing is guided along a long level fixed with reverse side leaf.
In addition, if the chips are in a non-working, low-visibility area, they can be disguised with a marker or felt-tip pen matched to their color.
The most undesirable way to cut chipboard- with a file (oddly enough, in old textbooks a lot of material is devoted to this method). You can use a plane, but preferably an electric one with carbide knives. But here we must take into account that dust from under the plane will scatter throughout the room.
And the most comfortable way- by using hand router along the guide. The end should be smooth and at 90 degrees, there will be no chips, and when the vacuum cleaner is turned on, there will be almost no dust.
Craftsmen recommend using a hacksaw for such cutting. If you have a saw with a fine tooth, then the operating procedure is as follows:
1) Draw a cutting line with a knife. Sharpen your saw before starting work. The knife should be applied with slight pressure so that the laminated top layer is cut.
2) Glue a tape with an adhesive base along the intended cutting line. It will help keep the decorative layer from cracking. You can also use paper tape.
3) The tool should be held at a very sharp angle. In this case, the angle should not be higher than 30 degrees - this will reduce the likelihood of chipping. During the cutting process, you need to apply light pressure on the saw. If the work is performed with a power tool, such as a jigsaw, then there is no need to rush and press on it
4) After finishing cutting, the cut can be cleaned with a file. But in many cases this is not necessary, since the small teeth of the saw prevent the laminate from being deformed. If torn edges have formed, then delicate work with a rasp will bring the cut into proper shape. The grinding tool must be guided towards the center from the edge - this will minimize possible damage to the top layer.
5) The glued strip of veneer will give the final beauty to the cut.
Of course, cutting laminated chipboard at home does not imply professional quality and high speed of work. For those who are in a hurry, we can offer sawing of chipboard with a grinder. A wood disc is used as a cutting element. A strip is attached to the chipboard with clamps so that the grinder can be guided along it for an even cut. After cutting, possible chips are processed with the same grinder, only with a different attachment - for grinding. But a more gentle option is to use sandpaper.
Furniture board is a specific type of wood materials created by gluing standard planed wooden blocks. It is effectively used to create various types accessories and coatings. Making a furniture panel with your own hands at home is not at all difficult, so this work is accessible to self-execution every person. The resulting structures are natural and environmentally friendly, and at the same time much more attractive than chipboard or MDF.
Creating a furniture panel with your own hands at home involves the use of different types of wood. Most often, birch or oak, beech or aspen are used for this, as well as larch and various conifers.
Each type of wood has its own characteristics, so before making a specific choice, it is recommended to determine in advance the operating conditions under which the resulting contract will be used.
Furniture panels are most often used to create different furniture and doors. They are distinguished by the presence of specific internal stress, so during the work you need to be careful so as not to damage the integrity of the structure. Incorrect work can lead to deformation already finished product.
The main advantages of furniture panels are:
- environmental friendliness due to the use of natural ingredients and high-quality glue;
- the exquisite appearance of the resulting furniture and other structures, but this is only possible with proper processing of the panels;
- high practicality, since wood has a homogeneous structure, which allows you to restore broken or unattractive elements;
- making furniture panels is an incredibly simple task, and a small amount of money is spent on this process;
- furniture made from panels is durable and attractive;
- the products do not have any cracks or other deformations, and are not subject to significant shrinkage.
The main factor in obtaining quality shield is a competent choice of material for these purposes. Typically, furniture panels are 2 cm thick, so blanks are initially prepared optimal size, as well as having the required thickness. Since the boards will certainly have to be planed and then sanded, they should be purchased with a reserve, so their thickness should be 2.5 cm.
When choosing a material, you should focus on the type of wood, as well as the quality of the boards. The wood must not be uneven or warped. It must be of high quality, properly dried and completely free of any rotten areas. Therefore, you should carefully inspect the boards before purchasing. Additionally, the accompanying documentation for the material is studied in detail.
Required Tools
Do-it-yourself furniture panel gluing is done using standard tools. Usually they are available to every man who prefers to do numerous housework on his own. Therefore, only the elements are prepared:
- planer, ensuring optimal preparation of wood;
- a tool for joining and gluing individual wooden blocks;
- belt type sander;
- construction level, allowing you to get really even panels;
- coarse sandpaper;
- flat sander.
These tools will be enough to make a shield, so no expensive devices will be needed anymore.
Manufacturing rules
As soon as the tools are completely ready for the planned work, the actual production procedure begins. How to make a furniture panel? This process is not considered too complicated, but in order to eliminate possible mistakes or problems, it is recommended to study the correct instructions in advance. To do this, follow the following steps:
- originally wooden boards are cut into separate bars that have the right size, and it is important to make cuts in such a way that they are strictly at right angles;
- The presence of any unevenness or other defects is not allowed, since in this case it will not be possible to properly glue the furniture board together;
- if minor distortions are detected, they can be eliminated with a conventional planer;
- An important point in production is the combination of the resulting blanks, since they must be the same in texture and color, as well as in other important parameters;
- After selecting the elements, they are marked so that during the gluing process there are no difficulties with their correct location.
To ensure that all stages of the process are completed taking into account the main nuances, it is recommended to watch the training video in advance.
Making bars
We process with a machine
We mark each block
Element gluing technology
After all the bars have been prepared, you can begin gluing them directly, which will ensure a high-quality shield. This procedure is also divided into successive stages:
- a device is selected that makes it possible to glue the bars, and it must be even, and usually a regular one is used for this chipboard sheet;
- strips are fixed along the edges of the sheet, and their height depends on the parameters of the prepared bars;
- bars are laid between these slats, and they should fit tightly to each other and an attractive pattern should be formed from them;
- if there are cracks, they can be easily eliminated with a standard jointer;
- then the bars are glued together, for which they are used different types glue intended for wood, but the use of PVA glue is considered optimal;
- the entire surface consisting of bars is completely spread with glue, and it is important that the product is evenly distributed over the surface;
- the lubricated elements are pressed tightly against each other;
- two more such planks are laid on the slats, fixed to the chipboard sheet, after which these elements are connected with self-tapping screws, and this is necessary to prevent the resulting shield from bending;
- the resulting blank is left for about an hour, after which the shield is released and left for a day.
Thus, having figured out how to glue elements to obtain a furniture panel, this process will not require significant effort. The procedure is easy to implement on our own, and the result is structures that are effectively used to create numerous furniture, doors or even full-fledged coatings, characterized not only by high strength, but also reliability, as well as an attractive appearance.
Fastening the slats
Lay out the bars
We lay two more planks
Leave to dry
Final processing
Shields are made in such a way that they are not only strong and durable, but also quite attractive. To do this, attention is paid to some finishing stages, consisting of: special treatment. To do this, follow these steps:
- a preliminary grinding procedure is carried out. For these purposes, it is recommended to use a standard belt sander. You need to insert a special sandpaper, and it must have large fractions, since the initial processing is being done. It allows you to eliminate large defects and differences remaining on the surface after the process of creating the shield. You must act carefully, and also carry out the process in consistent and even lines;
- secondary processing - involves the use of flat grinding machine. It ensures the removal of the slightest differences, irregularities and other defects present on the surface of the wooden furniture panel. Also, due to this process, lint is removed from the surface. It is recommended to pre-moisten the base with a small amount of water, and start sanding only after the structure has completely dried.
After competently implemented processing, it is possible to use the resulting panels to create a variety of tables or shelves, bedside tables and other furniture. They can be used to form doors or coatings that have high strength, reliability and durability.
Beginning furniture makers sometimes face the problem of where to buy furniture panels. Factory samples are not always suitable for the intended design, but blanks can be made independently.
To make shields you will need special equipment: a planing machine, grinding machines(belt and surface grinding). Choose boards for work of the same species, without knots, dried, with minimal warping. The best option– buy a log and cut it into pieces of the required size. The cutting angle is 90 degrees. Pine, oak, and birch are suitable for making shields.
Wooden panels are very practical - they do not deform, have slight shrinkage, and the structure of the tree is not damaged, so investments in the production of lumber quickly pay off.
