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What is a Buleryan oven, how does it work and how much does it cost now

Many have seen the Buleryan metal furnace, but not everyone knows what it is, how it works and why it has such an outlandish appearance. I decided to correct this unfortunate misunderstanding and then we will analyze in detail the device of the stove and the principle of its operation. And for those who are going to buy such a unit, an overview of prices and do-it-yourself operating tips will be given.

Features of Bullerjan ovens

Such stoves are often called improved modern potbelly stoves. This is only partly true, because from their predecessors they took only a metal case and a chimney,

A few words about the history of creation

The Bullerjan is believed to have been constructed by Canadian lumberjacks while they spent the long evenings in their winter quarters in the woods, but this is just a beautiful legend invented to increase sales.

In fact, the design was created by the American inventor Eric Darnell in 1975. It happened in the state of Vermont on the very border with Canada. The stove was made for the home and the first serial copies really came out in Canada under the Free Flow brand.

Around 1982, German businessman Erhard Knofler, traveling through Canada, saw the stove and negotiated with Darnell to buy the rights to it. After that, the German registers trademark Bullerjan and under it begins to mass-produce such ovens.

How the design works

The principle of operation here is based on the elementary laws of physics:

• The furnace body is welded from curved pipes with a diameter of about 50 mm;
• The lower part of such a pipe is located near the floor, and the upper one rises above the furnace;
• Cold air is sucked in from below and, having passed through the pipes, is heated to a temperature of 100–150 ºС.

The more such pipes are welded, the higher the productivity of the furnace will be. In addition, pipes can be connected to ventilation and heated by one stove several rooms at the same time.

In part, this design can be compared with a long-burning pyrolysis solid fuel boiler. The fact is that inside, in addition to the furnace itself, there is also a chamber in which gases are burned out, as a result, the efficiency of the furnace increases significantly.

It has been calculated that in the presence of good fuel, the efficiency of such a design can reach up to 80%, which still remains a record for autonomous metal furnaces without turbocharging.

Buleryan is positioned as a stove that works exclusively on wood, but this is more of a recommendation, if you pour coal into it, it will work even more efficiently, however, with regular coal “attacks”, the metal of the furnace will quickly burn out.

The temperature in the furnace and the gas afterburner is regulated by two dampers, one of which is installed on the door, and the second on the chimney.

The oven can operate in 2 modes:

1. Fast heating- this is when all the dampers open and the oven is brought to maximum heating. As a result, in a matter of minutes, the temperature of the air leaving the upper pipes reaches 150ºС, which allows heating the room in a maximum of an hour;
2. Stable gasification- when the required maximum in the room is reached, the furnace is switched to the stable gasification mode. To do this, the firebox is completely filled with dry firewood, and the dampers partially overlap. In the gasification mode, Buleryan produces a temperature of 60–80 ºС.

Such a stove is well suited for giving, in addition, now there are models designed specifically for a bath with a water circuit, because heating with a sauna heater is much lower in efficiency, with Buleryan in the steam room you can bring the temperature to a maximum in less than an hour.

Price Overview

If we talk about real German Bullerjan stoves, then there the price only starts from 50 thousand rubles, and the cost of elite models reaches a quarter of a million. However, there is a great way out of this situation, our enterprising people copied the Bullerjan principle and launched a whole line of stoves under the Breneran brand on the market.

Believe me, if you cover up the logo, then you will not distinguish the German "bourgeois" from the domestic counterpart, plus the quality of our devices is no worse than the German one, and most importantly, the price starts from 12,600 rubles.

The cost of furnaces varies depending on the volume of the room in which the unit is planned to be installed, as well as on the availability of side options, for example, such as hob or water line. The prices in the article are current in the summer of 2017.

Photo	Characteristics of the domestic analogue Bullerjan
	AOT-06. The most popular model, designed for 100 m³, is welded from steel and costs 14,100 rubles. Exactly the same model, but without a glass insert in the doors costs 12,600 rubles. Volume 200 m³ - 19,350 rubles; Volume 400 m³ - 24,300 rubles; Volume 600 m³ - 36,350 rubles; Volume 1000 m³ - 44 850 rubles.
	AOT-06 with frying surface. A model designed for rooms of 100 m³ with one burner costs 17,250 rubles, for a volume of 120 m³ with two burners it costs 18,750 rubles.
	Furnace with a water circuit "Aquaten" from Breneran. Aquaten 100 m³ - 18,900 rubles; Aquaten 200 m³ - 27,900 rubles; Aquaten 400 m³ - 32,350 rubles; Aquaten 600 m³ - 54,450 rubles; Aquaten 1000 m³ - 65 850 rubles.
	Bath heater. In this model, a grate is provided on top, into which stones are laid. The price for it usually fluctuates around 14,300 rubles.

When choosing, first of all, look at the thickness of the metal of the furnace, not a single self-respecting manufacturer will put iron thinner than 5 mm on a case of a similar design.

• For this kind of construction, it is best to install chimneys from insulated sandwich pipes, they are made of smooth stainless steel, so they will have to be cleaned much less often;
• If we talk about the disadvantages of Bullerjan and its analogues, then there are only 2 of them: firstly, it is undesirable to constantly heat the stove with coal, and secondly, you can get burned on any “potbelly stove”, so some kind of parapet around will definitely not be superfluous;
• The stove must be installed on an asbestos or some similar shield, and there must be at least 1 m of free space around the perimeter of the unit, this is in case a burning log falls out of the furnace;
• Theoretically, any firewood can be put into the stove, but if you constantly heat with freshly cut damp wood, especially conifers, then once a month you will have to clean both the stove itself and the chimney.

Conclusion

The Bullerjan stove and its analogues are really a very convenient and efficient “potbelly stove”, from the models described above you will surely be able to choose the right one for you. The video in this article gives a practical overview of the operation of such a unit. If you have any questions, feel free to knock in the comments, I will be happy to help.

The championship in the manufacture of the Buleryan stove, or as it is also called, Breneran, belongs to Canadian heat engineers, who were tasked with developing an effective small-sized design for heating temporary housing for lumberjack teams. The technical task was embodied in a solid fuel unit, vaguely reminiscent of the usual potbelly stove. Due to the improved combustion chamber and the use of forced convection, the specialists managed to increase the efficiency and reduce the time required to warm up the coldest room. Today, such solid fuel furnaces are mass-produced, and the lineup of any manufacturer includes up to a dozen units that differ from each other both in power and design. Since factory products often have a completely prohibitive price, we recommend making buleryan with your own hands.

Advantages and disadvantages of the Canadian stove

The specifics of using the Buleryan furnace initially implied compliance with several mandatory requirements, which subsequently made the unit known throughout the world. The design of the heater should provide:

1. Mobility. Since cutting trees involves constant movement through the forest, the lumberjacks' stove is constantly transported from one place to another, and is carried from transport to the premises by hand.
2. Compactness. The unit must have a configuration and dimensions that make it possible to install the device in small temporary buildings.
3. Safety. Since the operation of the buleryan provides for the installation of a heater directly in the residential area, its design should exclude the possibility of leakage of carbon monoxide. It was possible to make this possible due to the sealed working chamber and the decision in favor of a single-door scheme. It is also important that the configuration of the body prevents accidental contact with the hot metal of the furnace body.
4. Performance. The use of forced convection makes it possible to warm up the room in record time. This condition is met thanks to a system of channels that accelerate air exchange.
5. Opportunity long work. Configuration working area and the design of the blower allows Buleryan to work for several hours from one load of fuel, and firewood, bark, chips, shavings, etc. can be used as fuel.
   It is not recommended to heat the stove with coal, because due to high temperature burning this fuel, the body metal overheats and deforms. As a result, the geometry of the device is distorted, the furnace door does not close, cracks in the places of welded joints.
   

   Bypassing the manufacturer's ban on the use of high-temperature fuel is quite simple. To do this, it is enough to supply the lower part of the heat exchangers with a collector and supply air using any blower. Accelerating heat transfer will reduce the temperature of the buleryan to a safe level.

6. Simplicity and reliability. When developing the design of a solid fuel unit, the engineers took into account that it would be operated in places remote from civilization. For the manufacture or repair of a Canadian potbelly stove, special equipment or expensive materials are not required, and for a beginner to operate the stove, a little instruction is enough.

As you can see, the advantages of buleryan were incorporated into the design at the design stage. Perhaps the developers did not even suspect that their brainchild would become so popular and be used both in everyday life and in production. Of course, like any other design, a convection oven of this type is not without some drawbacks. First of all, the unit achieves the declared performance only when using absolutely dry firewood. When the moisture content of the fuel is more than 10%, the released water vapor prevents the flow of air and reduces the intensity of combustion, which leads to a decrease in efficiency. In addition, like any potbelly stove, buleryan does not keep heat at all - it is enough for the fuel to burn out, as the temperature in the room begins to drop.

The disadvantages of the design include the fact that the operation of the furnace involves a gas-generating mode of operation, in which firewood smolders more than burns. This process is accompanied by increased smoke generation, which leads to the emission of harmful substances and tar deposits in the smoke channel. Often, the outer part of the chimney and nearby sections of the roof are covered with an oily substance, which does not add any attractiveness to the picture at all. It is also important that when installing the stove, additional requirements are put forward for thermal insulation and the height of the chimney, otherwise its efficiency will be reduced.

As you can see, the unit is not without flaws, which are honestly pointed out by both the developers themselves and the owners. Nevertheless, the numerous advantages of buleryan made this heater one of the most popular units on the market for compact solid fuel equipment.

Varieties with photos and geography of use of buleryan

In order to understand the difference between buleryan, breneran, buller, Butakov oven and other types of convection ovens, let's take a closer look at all the nuances. First of all, we note that Buleryan is a brand of the German company Bulerjan, which produces super-bourgeois. Quite often furnaces of this type are called more short word buller. Breneran - the same units, but produced by domestic factories under license. The furnace developed in Russia by Professor Butakov is very similar in principle to the original design, but has some differences:

• recessed convection heat exchangers;
• cubic body shape instead of cylindrical;
• the use of an ash pan and a grate;
• a flat platform in the upper part of the body for heating food.

In fact, the use of a grate in a gas generating unit is unnecessary, since intensive burning of firewood is expected only in the first minutes after ignition. In addition, its purpose is not clear, given that it is below the level of the blower. There are doubts about the effectiveness of the platform for installing a pot or kettle. When entering the operating mode, the temperature of Buleryan rarely reaches even 75 ° C, so it will take a lot of time to heat up food.

Despite the fact that the heater was originally designed as a furnace with an air heat exchanger, some craftsmen loop convection channels by connecting them to a water heating system. The resulting aqua buller, of course, has the right to exist, but the expediency of such a decision is doubtful. Firstly, the heat capacity of the air medium is 800 times less than that of water, so a furnace designed for convection will operate with reduced efficiency under conditions of liquid heat exchange. Secondly, even if breneran is taken as a long-term combustion unit, this is also irrational, since there are more suitable specialized designs of solid fuel boilers using pyrolysis. Despite this, aqua bullers have found their place in the line of units, which are a modernized buleryan.

To keep the heat from the potbelly stove longer, the owners use various heat-accumulating devices that are installed on convection pipes. In addition, buleryans are often dressed in brickwork, getting a kind of fireplace with exit holes. warm air On the sides. This option looks good country house. According to the owners, the symbiosis of a buller with a brick stove allows you to keep the heat in the room for up to 8 hours, which is quite enough for a comfortable stay in the winter.

Despite the fact that the calorific oven was originally developed for domestic use, currently buleryan is widely used in all areas of economic activity:

• for heating cottages and country houses, including wood;
• in production shops;
• for heating utility rooms;
• in garages and workshops;
• in baths and saunas;
• to maintain the required temperature in greenhouses;
• as heating units for country cafes and restaurants;
• for heating administrative buildings in rural areas, etc.

The classic Buleryan stove is not suitable for heating tents.

When installing a buleryan, the power and dimensions of the heating unit must be taken into account, since it depends on whether the device can evenly heat the entire room. It is equally important to choose the right installation location. Canadian stove, according to all the rules, equip the chimney and ensure its regular maintenance.

Design features and principle of operation

When developing Brenaran, Canadian specialists used the long-known design of a long-burning convection boiler, called a calorific oven. Due to the increase in the furnace door, it became possible to load not only chopped logs, but also parts of rhizomes, as well as large logs. The new form of the blower - in the form of a pipe cut into the loading hatch, made it possible to abandon the two-door scheme. To adjust the amount of air required for fuel combustion, a throttle was installed inside the blower - a round rotary damper. The throttle control lever, brought out to the outside, allows, if necessary, to reduce or increase the air flow, thereby controlling the power of the buleryan.

The furnace of the heating unit is a metal cylinder, on both sides of which tubular metal heat exchangers are cut in at regular intervals, bent in the form of knees. Due to the fact that two thirds of the diameter of the pipes are recessed into the body of the furnace and are in the combustion zone, the air receives up to 70% of the heat that is released during the combustion of firewood. The remaining kilocalories heat the body of the stove and are subsequently also spent on heating the room. Due to this distribution, the buleryan body usually heats up to only 60-65 ° C, while the air that leaves the convection channels has a temperature of more than 100 ° C. I must say that it is the high heating rate that ensures the active suction of cold air masses in the lower part of the tubular heat exchangers and their ejection from the upper openings of the heater.

The furnace space inside the device is divided into three chambers. In the lower part of the furnace at a height of up to ¼ of the diameter of the body, a metal hearth or a removable grate is installed. You can do without these elements, but with them it will be easier to light the stove and remove the ashes. Under the vault of the firebox, at the same distance from the body as under, a perforated metal sheet is welded in, which does not reach the loading hatch for a quarter of the length of the buleryan. The upper chamber is designed for afterburning volatile compounds that are released during the operation of the unit in the gas generator mode.

The removal of combustion products occurs through the hole, which is located in the afterburner chamber, from the side of the rear wall of the unit. At the beginning of the smoke channel, a damper with a cut out 90-degree sector is mounted. In addition, around the gate (a metal plate that regulates the chimney draft) there is a gap of at least 10–15% of the chimney diameter. This design makes it possible to set the correct thrust and at the same time does not allow carbon monoxide get into the room, even if during intensive gas formation the smoke channel is completely blocked.

Departs from the exit horizontal section chimney, designed to reduce the temperature of the combustion products, and then a knee is installed that directs the pipe vertically. Here, at the "real" units manufactured by Bulerjan, a device for pyrolysis combustion of gases, called an economizer, is installed. The chimney must be high enough to obtain high-quality traction and insulated to prevent the combustion products from cooling down excessively. If this requirement is not met, as well as when using fuel with a high moisture content, the temperature in the afterburner will be reduced, as a result of which the content of tar and other unsafe carbon compounds in the flue gases will increase.

Drawings and diagrams of buleryan for making your own hands

Despite the fact that manufacturers keep the exact parameters and drawings of manufactured convection ovens a secret, take measurements from finished product is not difficult. Thanks to enthusiastic people, today we have practically full set project documentation. I must say that in the manufacture of buleryan it is important to observe the ratio of the sizes of all parts of the unit, therefore, for your conditions, you can adapt the drawings presented below as an example.

Buleryan door drawing

What you need to make a Breneran type convection oven

In order to get a truly reliable and durable heating unit, it is made of thick metal. best material heat-resistant boiler steel is considered, which can be bought in specialized offices. Before starting work, prepare:

• steel sheet with a thickness of at least 5 mm and a size of 1000x2000 mm;
• a sheet of heat-resistant steel 6 mm thick, 400 wide and 700 mm long;
• a small piece of steel sheet 3-4 mm thick for the manufacture of valves;
• steel pipe Ø110 mm - 4 meters;
• a round thick-walled pipe Ø57 mm or a shaped metal pipe with a thickness of 4 mm or more and dimensions of at least 60x60 mm - more than 10 m;
• steel tube Ø15 mm - 40 cm;
• rings for the door, cut off from a pipe Ø350 mm;
• powerful hinges for attaching the loading hatch;
• handle with a locking mechanism for the door;
• pieces of steel bar Ø8 mm for the manufacture of levers for air and smoke dampers;
• asbestos cord.

Often zealous owners use cylinders or metal barrels, however, the materials from which they are made are not always suitable for the needs that they are going to satisfy with the help of such a homemade product.

Tools and fixtures that will be needed in the process of manufacturing a Canadian stove:

• powerful pipe bender;
• welding machine;
• angle grinder (grinder);
• cutting and cleaning discs;
• electric drill and a set of drills for metal work;
• hammer;
• roulette.

If possible, open sheet metal better perform cutting torch or other special equipment. Firstly, this will save more than one cutting disc for the grinder, and secondly, after the gas cutter, round body parts will require only a little grinding of the edges. If you use an angle grinder, then you will need to put a lot of effort into turning the polygons cut with it into circles.

Instructions for making a stove

When starting to build a calorific furnace, it is better to do the work step by step. In this way, it will be possible to avoid mistakes and miscalculations that may entail the dismantling of welded parts and the need to redo ready-made units. Our instructions are written in stages and take into account the experience of manufacturing the unit by more than one craftsman, therefore, using the presented algorithm, you can do the work not only quickly, but also with high quality.

1. The pipe intended for the manufacture of convection heat exchangers is cut into identical pieces 120–140 cm long (at least eight segments should be obtained), which are bent at an angle of 75–80 degrees using a pipe bender. In this case, the radius of curvature should be 22–23 cm, and the discrepancy in the geometry of the parts should not exceed a few millimeters.
2. WITH inside two blanks obtained are cut into which, at a slight angle to the heat exchangers, segments of 20 cm pipes Ø15 mm are installed so that at least 15 cm remains outside. After that, all the slots are carefully welded by welding. During installation, this pair of pipes is installed at the door, since they will provide air injection into the combustion zone.
3. Pipes are laid one on top of the other, alternately orienting them in opposite directions. To make the structure stable, rails are used, the thickness of which is equal to the diameter of the pipes.

   In some cases, an assembly frame is mounted and each heat exchanger is seized by welding. It is important that the protruding parts of the pipes are of the same length. The result should be a furnace core, which consists of at least 4 heat exchangers installed on each side in a checkerboard pattern. In this case, the depth of the buleryan will be about 50 cm.

4. The details of the furnace core are welded together, after which the lower partition of the furnace is cut out of a steel sheet with a thickness of at least 5 mm. In order to reduce the time for fitting a metal part, a template is made from thick cardboard, after which its contours are transferred to rolled metal.
5. The partition is installed in place, after which the places of its junction with the convection pipes are scalded with a continuous seam.
6. The gaps between the heat exchangers are also closed with steel strips, with each panel pre-fitted using a separate template.
7. The joints of the furnace body with pipes are welded with a continuous seam, after which the slag is removed and the quality of the welding is verified.
8. Two shaped elements similar to each other are cut out of a steel sheet, which will form the front and rear walls of the furnace. To avoid time-consuming adjustment, in the process of work, they use the same method of obtaining the exact configuration of parts using cardboard templates.
9. A hole Ø110 mm is cut out in the back wall for installing a chimney, while in the front wall there is an opening Ø350 mm for arranging a loading door.
10. A T-shaped structure is made from two segments of a 110-mm pipe, designed to remove combustion products and collect condensate. Its lower part is closed with a round steel flange, which is fixed with M8 threaded studs welded to the pipe. To remove condensate, a threaded pipe Ø15 mm is cut into the flange, on which a 1/2˝ ball valve is installed.
11. A round valve with a diameter of 90–95 mm is made from a steel plate 4 mm thick, in which a rectangular sector is cut. By bending a piece of rod Ø8 mm at an angle of 90°, a gate axis with a rotary lever is formed.
12. Using an electric drill with a drill Ø8.5 mm, install the rod in the center of the smoke channel, after which the damper itself is welded to it. After that, the T-shaped chimney assembly is mounted by welding on the rear wall of the furnace.
13. A blower is made in a similar way. To do this, take a 100 mm piece of pipe Ø60 mm, into which a throttle is installed. Unlike a damper, an air damper must fit exactly internal size channel and overlap it without gaps. To fix the throttle in the desired position, it is equipped with a spring mechanism.
14. A 40 mm wide ring, cut from a 350 mm steel pipe, is welded into the window of the front panel of the case.
15. From sheet metal cut out the front door with a diameter of 370 mm. In the lower third of the part, an opening is made into which the blower is welded.
16. In order to ensure a snug fit of the door to the furnace window, a gas seal is installed on it. This assembly is made from two steel strips 4 mm wide or pipe sections Ø350 mm, for which they are cut across. After that, a part 50 mm long is cut off from the circumference of one part, and this segment is welded to the other. One of the rings should freely enter the loading opening, while the other should be installed on top of it with a small gap. Parts are welded to the door, ensuring accurate centering of all elements. After that, the gap between the rings is filled with packing from an asbestos cord - it will serve as a sealing element of the structure.
17. To prevent the door from heating up during operation of the furnace, a reflective screen made of sheet metal is mounted on it from the side of the furnace. At the same time, it is important to ensure an air gap of at least 3 mm and free access of air from the blower to the combustion zone.
18. Hinges and a locking mechanism are welded to the loading hatch. By the way, tight clamping of the door can be achieved by installing an eccentric deadbolt, the device of which is illustrated below.
19. The front wall of the buleryan is welded in the same way as the back panel, after which the hatch and the bracket of the fixing device are mounted on it.
20. To supply additional air to the afterburning zone, the front wall of the furnace body is equipped with an injection device. The manufacture of this assembly is not difficult, and its design can be seen in the bottom photo.
21. Stand-legs are welded to the bottom of the potbelly stove in its front and rear parts, so that the distance from the edge of the heat exchangers to the floor is at least 200 mm.
22. Buleryan is connected to the chimney, after which the heating unit is ignited and tested.

It is important to observe accuracy and accuracy in work, therefore it is better to take several measurements each time, work slowly, clean welds and metal edges with a roughing wheel, etc. Do not forget about safety. It is best to work outdoors or in a well-ventilated area, be sure to use overalls, goggles and gloves.

After testing and installing the unit on permanent place its body is painted with a special heat-resistant paint. This will add aesthetics to the potbelly stove and protect the metal from corrosion.

Refinement and modernization of the heating device

The design of the Canadian stove is designed to heat one room, since walls and partitions create a barrier to heated air flows. The aesthetic value of the interior suffers greatly from the installation of a metal unit in residential premises, and the need to throw firewood in the middle of the night so as not to freeze in the morning can hardly be called comfortable operation. These and other shortcomings of buleryan are trying to be solved by numerous owners of a calorific stove. And, I must say, not without success.

Distribution of heat in the rooms of the house

In order to heat the whole house with buleryan, and not just one room, they attach to the heat exchangers of the unit corrugated pipes, which lead through the wall of the room, and ennoble the opening with a decorative lattice. Certainly, ideal option is the case when this type of heating is considered at the design stage of the building. Then, in the walls of all rooms, special channels are provided for supplying warm air. Nevertheless, even in a house built a long time ago, such a scheme can be implemented if you install a calorific stove in the basement, and run air ducts through the floor of each room on the floor. This fulfills the requirement of supplying heat at the lower level and ensures ease of maintenance of the unit.

Air heating of each room in the building will require a slight improvement in the design of the buller. First of all, this concerns the air supply - natural inflow will not be enough, therefore, on the lower side of the unit, collectors are mounted on each row of heat exchangers, which will ensure the distribution of air coming from duct fans. The same collectors are installed at the outlet of each group of air ducts. They will mix the air masses coming from the sections of the unit with different temperatures. Insulated corrugated pipes are connected to the outlet manifold, through which heat will be distributed to each room. Since the air temperature at the outlet of the air heater reaches 120 ° C, when laying pipes through ceilings and partitions, the conditions provided for the installation of chimneys are observed.

Improving the appearance of the unit with brick or masonry

If you overlay a Canadian unit with a brick, you can simultaneously solve several problems:

• increase the aesthetic value of the stove in the interior;
• ensure safety during the operation of the unit;
• increase the heat capacity of the structure.

Buleryan, stylized as a fireplace or a Russian stove, looks especially advantageous, and if, in addition to this, the front door is equipped with tempered heat-resistant glass, then such a unit can create a unique atmosphere of comfort and home warmth, while performing the main function of heating square meters.

If you decide to ennoble buleryan yourself with bricks, for example, for a bath room, then please note that if the height of the loading hatch is less than 40 cm from the floor, it will be inconvenient to heat the stove, and in addition, the design of the structure will suffer. The masonry should be as close as possible to the body of the furnace, and the gaps between the brick and the furnace must be filled with broken bricks, which are laid on the mortar. Remember - the masonry will act as a heat accumulator, therefore, how long the stove will be warm depends on its solidity. We remind you that during operation it is imperative to ensure that the inlet and outlet openings of the heat exchangers are outside the “fireplace”, and construction debris does not get into the pipes. It is best for this time to close the heat exchange channels with rags.

Alteration of a potbelly stove for liquid fuel

Despite the fact that Breneran was originally designed as a wood-burning stove, it can be converted to run on diesel fuel or on cheaper fuel - used motor oil. Of course, this method of heating is not suitable for residential premises, but for long heating garage or utility room completely.

To transfer Buleryan for testing, you will need:

• on a small elevation, install a container for oil;
• stretch the liquid fuel supply hose to the unit;
• V furnace door cut a hole for the tube to which the fuel control valve is connected.

When using used oil, it is important to ensure good traction and properly adjust the fuel supply. Sometimes, instead of a homemade dropper, a factory burner is installed on the hatch, specially designed for this type of fuel. Unlike a do-it-yourself device, an industrial nozzle provides a more complete combustion of mining.

Water circuit installation

As noted earlier, inquisitive minds have repeatedly reworked the classic buleryan to work in a liquid heating system. In the early stages, do-it-yourselfers tried to loop all the heat exchangers into one circuit. It turned out a coil, the water through which circulated due to the use centrifugal pump. Later, a scheme was proposed similar to the previously described design for upgrading the unit to distribute the air flow to all rooms in the house. The upper and lower sections of the heat exchangers were welded into cylindrical manifolds, connecting the lower element to the return line, and the upper element to the supply pipeline. Thus, it became possible to install the unit not only in heating systems with forced supply of coolant, but also when using natural fluid circulation. By the way, the lack of buleryan, associated with the impossibility of working on high-temperature fuel such as coal, is eliminated by itself - due to the high heat capacity, water does an excellent job of cooling the walls of the unit.

As for the manufacture of buleryan "from scratch", here they do it even easier. Instead of making a core of heat exchanger pipes, the body of the furnace is made entirely of sheet steel, getting the unit the right cylindrical shape. From above, the structure is dressed in another cylinder, which serves as a water jacket. Since the lower part of the potbelly stove warms up weakly, the stove must be moved down relative to the casing. In order to use all the heat to the maximum, some craftsmen manage to draw a water circuit also to the exit of the smoke channel. In the photographs you can see all the nuances of the described metamorphoses.

Considering that in the vertical channel at the exit of the buleryan, pyrolysis combustion exhaust gases, cooling this section of the chimney is contrary to the very principle of operation of the furnace, therefore it is hardly correct.

Proper operation and maintenance of the oven

For quick kindling of the stove, finely chopped dry firewood is used, under which paper or cardboard is placed. After the ignition of the wood, the main portion of the fuel is placed in the buleryan. I must say that thick logs up to 40 cm long are ideal for this unit - they will give off heat for several hours. You should not warm up the stove for more than 20–30 minutes with the damper fully open - the breneran is designed for smoldering fuel, so a large fire will simply carry away the lion's share of thermal energy into the pipe. In addition, a red-hot oven can warp or one of the welds will open.

After the firewood is completely flared up, the stove is switched to gasification mode, for which the gate and throttle are covered. The operation of the unit in the gas generator mode is evidenced by a small flame under the roof of the fuel chamber, which accompanies the process of combustion of the released gases.

The efficiency of the unit depends on how dry the wood is. Therefore, it is recommended to dry the fuel before laying. By the way, for this you can use the heat of the melted stove itself, if you lay another armful of firewood on the heat exchange pipes.

The smoke that fills the room when the potbelly stove is melted indicates one of the following errors:

• insufficient height of the chimney. Excellent traction characteristics will be provided by a pipe with a height of at least 5 m, while its upper cut must necessarily be located above the roof;
• the slide gate is closed;
• deposits of condensate and soot narrowed the smoke channel so much that the normal removal of combustion products became impossible. They need to be removed.

Pollution of the furnace during operation is manifested not only in the deterioration of traction. Deposits on the gate prevent its normal closing, and a layer of soot on the inner surfaces of the heating unit significantly impairs heat transfer.

In order to clean the buleryan, several methods are used, one of which involves burning resins and soot. Experts do not recommend burning the unit, as this is associated with heating the furnace and chimney to too high a temperature. In addition, the process is often accompanied by uncontrolled ignition and the release of burning residues onto the roof.

It is best to clean the buller and chimney using the old methods, using metal brushes and scrapers. Dirt and oily deposits from the chimney are removed by first removing the flange in its lower part. inner surface the combustion chamber can be brought into proper shape with a small paint spatula or chisel.

Remember that if regular operation of the buleryan requires cleaning the chimney more than twice a year, then optimal mode oven operation is not reached. For efficient operation of the unit, they experiment with the position of the dampers, determining the position in which the fuel will burn completely.

Is it possible to warm one log for a week? Of course you can! In any case, according to a playful legend, Canadian Jews came up with the Buleryan long-burning stove for this. Buller stoves, invented in Canada, allow you to heat a room using a small amount of fuel, which allows you to achieve maximum efficiency at minimal cost, this explains their popularity around the world, including the CIS countries.

The design and features of the operation of buleryan furnaces

This metal structure, with an open firebox, is compact, and looks like a drum, inside of which is a large number of hollow tubes. Tubes in buleryan furnace designs necessary for continuous, forced convection, which contributes to the rapid heating of the room. High efficiency (more than 80%) is ensured by the complete use of fuel, thanks to the complete combustion ejectors, where the gases rising from the lower loading chamber are completely burned. In general, the principle of operation of the furnace is comparable to the principle of operation of a gas generator. It must be taken into account that Buleryan stoves have a large aerodynamic resistance, which requires careful consideration of the installation of the chimney.

The design and principle of operation of Buleryanov.

How to heat and where to install the Buleryan stove

The Buller stove can be fired with any type of fuel, with the exception of coal (coking and stone), gas and flammable liquids. Wood, pellets, peat, cardboard and other paper waste are burned in buleryans with maximum and long-term heat transfer. The oven warms up the room in less than 30 minutes, and is able to maintain comfortable temperature till 12 o'clock.

Buleryan furnace installation

You can install these devices in any room, they are suitable for heating:

• country houses (cottages, dachas, small boarding houses and hotels);
• outbuildings (garages, workshops, etc.);
• greenhouses, winter gardens, greenhouses;
• various agricultural buildings (granaries, farms, hangars).

They take up little space, do not require cleaning and special care, since due to the complete combustion of fuel, there is simply nothing to clean.

Installation rules:

• fire safety rules must be observed - it is not allowed to install the stove close to the wall! The size of the distance to the wall is selected depending on the material from which the wall is made. If the wall is made of wood and not plastered, the device must be placed at a distance of at least 1 m. brick wall- 30 cm.
• The base for buleryan must also be non-combustible. It can be either brickwork or a metal structure made of square or round pipes.
• To prevent burning coals from falling on the floor, metal sheets are mounted on the floor in front of the firebox.

Reasons for the popularity of stoves

• ease of installation and maintenance;
• versatility of use: they can be installed in any type of residential, warehouse, work premises;
• complete energy independence: the furnace can be heated by any suitable type of fuel, without resorting to the use of gas, petrochemicals, electricity;
• ability to support up to 12 hours optimal temperature on one bookmark of fuel;
• a large selection of modifications that allows you to purchase a device with the power necessary for a particular room;
• unpretentiousness to the type of fuel;
• The ovens have passed the necessary certification at the Research Institute of Fire Safety under the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.

Disadvantages of buleryan stoves

• When using Buleryan stoves, due to the open combustion chamber, the air humidity in the room is sharply reduced. This can negatively affect the well-being of people prone to colds, so it makes sense to purchase a humidifier.
• You can't cook food on them, they are only for space heating, so you need to think about an appropriate appliance for culinary needs.
• Chimney pipes must be insulated, there are even special heat-resistant double pipes with cotton wool insulation. If this is neglected, then the likelihood of a fire increases dramatically.

The price of furnaces Buleryan (Buller)

From my own experience I know that buying even the simplest heating furnace capable of dealing a serious blow to the budget of an ordinary person. After reviewing the many oven designs available, I decided to give preference to buleryan. A homemade modification of a well-known foreign heating stove has taken root in my garage.

Do-it-yourself buleryan oven - drawings and assembly diagram

First, I prepared everything you need to assemble Buleryan with your own hands. First of all, I took out a drill from the pantry with a set of drills for all occasions, a grinder with discs from the kit, a welding machine, clamps and other little things.

I had to fiddle with materials. In order for Buleryan to be truly reliable and of high quality, I decided to make it from heat-resistant boiler steel. This material is able to provide a truly long and reliable operation heating unit. Find in your household or buy the material mentioned in a specialized store.

I also used a 4 mm thick steel sheet. A sheet measuring 100x200 cm was enough for me. In addition, I needed a little (40x70 cm) 6 mm steel sheet, about 4 meters of a pipe with a diameter of 11 cm, about 10 m of a profiled pipe measuring 57x4 mm. In addition, I bought handles, hinges and locks for arranging doors, prepared pieces of a 35-centimeter pipe and in general a few metal blanks just in case.

Homemade buleryan: a detailed guide

First I bent the 57mm pipe. To do this, I used a special tool - a pipe bender. I cut the pipe at 120 cm, and then bent it with a 225 mm radius.

As a result, I got 8 pipes. According to the design of the buleryan, I installed 4 pipes on each side of it, placing them in a checkerboard pattern. As a result, the depth of the heating unit was 45.6 cm.

Then I made a retraction in the form of the letter "T". I will then install it behind the buleryan. This design will simultaneously remove smoke and collect condensate. Test at the end. If everything is done correctly, then the smoke will go up, and the condensed moisture will flow down.

Installed a faucet underneath. A very handy thing. As condensation accumulates, simply turn the tap and all the moisture will go away. I tried to keep the tap constantly open, it’s better not to do this - unnecessary traction appears.

A damper was installed in the outlet to regulate the draft, as well as the intensity of combustion in the buleryan.

I fixed a similar, but already deaf damper on the blower of the front door.

To fasten the dampers, I fixed a spring on their axis. It presses the dampers more strongly in the pipe and better fixes them in the desired position. In general, the dampers "walk" 90 degrees.

I took a 350x4 pipe and cut off two 4-centimeter pieces from it. I cut one piece and stretched it, turning it outward. I inserted a 4x4 cm shank into the gap. As a result, I got 2 rings with diameters of 35 and about 36 cm. That is, one ring should quietly, but tightly enter the second.

The second ring on the front wall of the buleryan.

The rings were welded to the places allotted for them. What is larger, I took for the door. I made a third ring from the tavern - the inner one for the door. As a result, I got it inside the ring on the stove door and its wall. I sealed the gap between the rings on the door with an asbestos cord.

The door should close as tightly as possible - this is necessary for normal gas generation. Of course, convection pipes can also cope well with this, however, having tested the design enough, I realized that it is a tight door in combination with a metered and controlled air supply that makes gas generation more efficient. Therefore, it is better to spend a little more time and seal the door with high quality.

A heat shield was welded to the door on spacers. Then I welded a corner to the screen. Thanks to the corner, a more even distribution of air will be ensured. Additionally, the corner will not allow firewood to pass into the lid during closing.

After that, I made cuts in the first pair of pipes and inserted the injection tubes there. I used tubes with a diameter of 1.4 cm. 15 cm was enough in length. As for me, this is the most best option. The installed pipes will be in constant communication with the firebox through convection pipes, which will ensure combustion.

Then I welded the frame from steel pipes. Do not forget: insert the injection tubes into the first pipes. The following pipes are on their own.

Then I made a partition from a thick (like I took about 6 mm) sheet of metal. Use the thickest metal possible if possible. It will heat up very strongly in the combustion chamber and, if not thick enough, will burn out extremely quickly. The partition is best done according to the pattern - it's more convenient. Make the pattern itself from thick cardboard in size.

I collect the skeleton of the stove. Installed a partition

Then I boiled the place between the convection pipes. I also used templates. First I made them from thick cardboard, and then cut them out of heat-resistant metal.

Made a castle. The design is simple: the eccentric is captured by the loop attached to the furnace wall, and while scrolling, it presses the door to the body.

Making such a castle yourself is not very simple, but possible. You have to use a cutter and lathe. The design itself, as I said, is extremely simple. At the same time, the lock is very effective.

Loops made from incisors. You can use any suitable similar blank.

Then I attached the air injector to the top of the front edge of the case. In fact, it allows you to additionally regulate the combustion in the firebox of homemade buleryan. The injector will open and close by turning the hole in the tubes.

Welded legs to buleryan.

I installed a chimney and loaded a test batch of firewood.

Buleryan flooded. Everything went great.

This oven is ready. I will say in advance: in practice, everything is a little more difficult than in words. But you can get a stove with an efficiency of 75-80% at minimal financial cost. Such a buleryan can heat almost any space - from a barn to a living room.

After using this stove a little, I decided to improve it. If you want, you can do the same as me.

The features of the device of the stove in question are such that it can initially qualitatively and evenly distribute oxygen inside itself. Tubes at the bottom draw in cold oxygen, and heated air is removed from those installed at the top. If desired, you can provide forced circulation of oxygen.

I took tubes of a suitable diameter and welded adapters from them to the holes in the stove pipe located below. From one end of the adapter I muffled.

The other side is connected to the fan.

I decided to use "snail" fan models. To ensure their work in my case, a 90-watt engine at 2800 rpm was enough.

The results are excellent - after the modification, Buleryan began to work even more efficiently.

I am also thinking about connecting a corrugation to the upper outlets and spreading it along different directions- a complete heating system will turn out.

You can think of instructions in your own way. I will gladly read your suggestions and maybe even put something into practice.

My own instructions will help you assemble a reliable, efficient, durable and productive stove with your own hands.

Blueprints

Progressive mankind has already come up with dozens of types of solid fuel stoves and boilers of the most different designs. They differ in size, power, device, appearance and many other parameters and characteristics. But in addition to the entire fleet of stoves, another relative novelty has appeared - this is the Buleryan stove, originally from cold Canada.

Let's see what this stove is, how it works and how it works. At the same time, we will probe it for the question of pros and cons.

Disadvantages of traditional ovens

If you properly consider the Buleryan furnace, it becomes clear that this is the most common pyrolysis potbelly stove, equipped with a productive convector. Traditional wood stoves have many disadvantages:

• Fast combustion of fuel;
• Low efficiency;
• Low heat dissipation.

Potbelly stoves have become extremely popular stoves where there is no gas main. They are distinguished by the simplest design, and craftsmen have learned to make them on their own, using old barrels, aluminum cans, gas cylinders and sheet metal scraps. As a result, rather powerful heating units are born that delight consumers with a large amount of heat.

The efficiency of an ordinary potbelly stove rarely exceeds 80%. The thing is that most of the heat flies into the chimney. The area near the surface of the stoves is not the largest, so the thermal energy is poorly dissipated. To increase the efficiency, potbelly stoves are lined with stone, fireclay bricks, equipped with simple metal convectors. Due to this, they retain heat longer and better give it to heated rooms.

An ordinary potbelly stove, even with many improvements, can never be compared in terms of efficiency and quality of heating a room even with the simplest Buleryan stove.

Nevertheless, in a cold climate, the classic potbelly stove does not look the most suitable option for heating houses that are not connected to gas mains - slow heating and rapid combustion of firewood affect. Partially, the problem is solved with the help of pyrolysis combustion of fuel, which makes combustion longer and more efficient. But in order to quickly fill any building with heat, an alternative device was needed.

Furnaces Buleryan and their device

The solution to the problem came from Canada, a country known for its harsh climate. Truly Siberian frosts constantly reign there, but seasoned Canadians do not pay attention to the cold special attention. In addition, they invented the Buleryan stove - a wood-burning stove that allows you to warm up a large room or building in a matter of minutes. Today Buleryan has become famous all over the world. It is produced by many manufacturers, despite the presence of a patent from one German manufacturer.

The Buleryan stove is a unique combination of the advantages of a classic potbelly stove, pyrolysis combustion and a convection heater. At the same time, the combination turned out to be simple and very effective. In fact, the developers added convection tubes to an ordinary potbelly stove and managed to make the generated heat go almost completely into the air ducts, and not into the chimney.

Solid fuel furnace Buleryan consists of the following parts:

• The combustion chamber - its volume is approximately ¾ of the entire internal volume. Here the initial ignition of the fuel occurs when Buleryan is just starting up. And here is the generation of pyrolysis products;
• Afterburner - in terms of its volume, it occupies approximately ¼ of the internal space. Here, under the action of thrust, pyrolysis products enter, which ignite and burn to form a high-temperature flame;
• Injectors - small tubes through which atmospheric air enters the afterburner chamber, are necessary for burning pyrolysis products;
• Convection pipes - the Buleryan stove is a powerful convector, and convection is formed due to thick metal pipes. Inner part these pipes are in direct contact with burning wood and flames. Due to the large area of ​​contact, they take away a huge amount of heat, sending it to the premises in the form of powerful convection currents;
• Regulators - these include a slide gate and a throttle on the loading door. Thanks to them, the pyrolysis reaction is maintained in the Buleryan type furnace - the regulating elements limit the draft and the supply of oxygen. At the same time, they are responsible for the intensity of combustion and maintaining a particular temperature;
• The chimney is the simplest part, often equipped with a condensate collection tank. The products of combustion are removed through the chimney.

The device of the Buleryan furnace is really very simple. Its most important part is the firebox formed by convection pipes. Most of their area is exposed to heat, which ensures high efficiency of the unit.

The principle of operation of Buleryan is impossibly simple and well illustrated by this picture.

Buleryan is a potbelly stove from Canada, from a country with a cold climate. And this means that it has a high performance. Initially, lumberjacks used such stoves, heating their houses with them - a comfortable atmosphere in them was achieved due to powerful convection, which was formed due to a large amount of heat. Thanks to the simplest scheme, Buleryan can be made independently, using auxiliary tools. But let's see how this oven works.

The principle of operation of the furnace

Next, we will consider the principle of operation of Buleryan. Traditional stoves burn wood in a direct way - a flame rages inside the firebox, giving off thermal energy through the body to the surroundings. Moreover, a wild amount of heat simply flies into the atmosphere - their chimneys are red-hot. As for Buleryan, it works differently, using the gas generation process.

A very curious experiment was published in school physics textbooks - they placed sawdust, on the other side of the flask made a discharge tube. The flask was installed above the burner, inside it the pyrolysis process began - the wood, being exposed to heat, began to emit combustible gases. These gases escaped through the outlet tube, and when a match was brought up, a steady flame appeared here.

Firewood has a good calorific value, especially if it is dry enough - every extra percentage of moisture will make it difficult to burn and lead to condensation. But their calorific value can be raised using the pyrolysis reaction - it is this principle of operation that is implemented in the Buleryan furnace. It has a large combustion chamber, provides the generation of pyrolysis products and effectively heats up the premises.

A Canadian potbelly stove called Buleryan works as follows:

• Logs are loaded into its firebox and kindled in the traditional way;
• After engulfing the flame of all loaded fuel, the supply of oxygen to the Buleryan furnace is limited;
• The pyrolysis process begins - its products enter the afterburner, mix with secondary air and ignite;
• The heat generated from the smoldering and combustion of wood, as well as from the combustion of pyrolysis products, is sent to the air heat exchanger.

This is where things get interesting. The heat exchanger of the Buleryan furnace is an assembly of large diameter pipes. They start at the floor, cover the combustion chamber in a semicircle and end at the top. Moreover, they cross from below and from above, forming a firebox of a symmetrical teardrop shape. In fact, the air heat exchanger of the Buleryan furnace is its body.

To ensure the tightness of the combustion chamber, the heat exchanger pipes are welded together with small pieces of sheet iron.

The heat dissipation of the furnace is so great that, with a properly built chimney, Buleryan will be able to heat not only the room in which he himself is located, but also the room through which only the chimney pipe passes.

The resulting heat exchanger is the heart of the Buleryan furnace. Thanks to him, she got her high efficiency. Hot gases give off thermal energy into curved pipes, which play the role of the most common convector. Due to the rounded shape and the maximum area of ​​contact with the heat source, they create powerful convection - each pipe passes a huge amount of air through itself, quickly warming up residential and non-residential buildings.

Long burning fuel

Only a few tubes covering the combustion chamber, and in front of us we get a Buleryan long-burning furnace. It has a very large firebox, so a large amount of fuel is easily loaded here. One load is enough for several hours of operation, depending on the power of the unit. Having correctly selected the power to the area, you will lay firewood a maximum of 2-3 times a day, without burdening yourself with unnecessary worries.

Long-term combustion in the Buleryan furnace is ensured not only due to the large combustion chamber, but also due to the use of a gas generator operation scheme. When the flow of oxygen to the furnace is limited, the firewood begins to smolder, and this process is lengthy. The released pyrolysis gases gradually burn out in the upper afterburner, providing support for a certain intensity of combustion - you can adjust it with a slide gate and throttle.

Due to the long burning of firewood in the Buleryan stove, users have the opportunity to get rid of the constant fuss with fuel loading. If a traditional stove with a small firebox requires new portions of logs every 2-3 hours, then in the case of the Buleryan stove, this process will not seem laborious - at least 6-8 hours will pass between approaches for loading wood. It depends on the following factors:

• The volume of loaded logs;
• Burning intensity;
• Temperature outside;
• moisture content of wood.

By adjusting the clearance of the slide damper in the chimney of the Buleryan stove, you can influence the burning rate, focusing on your own temperature preferences and the weather outside.

Advantages and disadvantages

The Buleryan wood-burning stove is a serious alternative to other solid fuel units - these are fireplace stoves, various potbelly stoves, home-made stoves and much more. It will provide maximum operational warm-up and will delight you with the absence of problems in operation - it flares up easily, does not act up and does not make you wait long for heat to arrive. The scope of application is extremely large, because you can buy and use the stove in the country, in the garage, in utility room. Buleryan for a house or a country estate is also not bad and economical option heating.

Let's look at the main positive features of the Buleryan oven:

There are many options for the location of the furnace in the house. With a little imagination, you can create a very cozy and eye-pleasing place to relax.

• Rapid heat input due to intense convection - large diameter tube air heat exchanger provides good performance. The warm-up time is from 20 minutes;
• Safety - due to powerful convection, the temperature of the Buleryan furnace body is low, burns from hot metal are excluded;
• Long burning - provides more convenient operation of equipment. Instead of 7-8 approaches for laying fuel per day, 2-3 calls will be required;
• The possibility of heating large areas - for this, especially powerful Buleryan furnaces are on sale, with a capacity of up to several tens of kilowatts;
• Ease of modernization - any furnace can be quickly turned into a Buleryan boiler, which is placed in a water heating system;
• No need for additional energy sources - they work according to a non-volatile scheme;
• You do not need permission for installation - you have the right to install Buleryan furnaces anywhere, without documentation;
• Affordable price - you can buy a Buleryan furnace with a capacity of 10 kW for literally 7-9 thousand rubles.

There are also disadvantages:

• It is necessary to collect condensate - it is formed due to the high moisture content in the wood;
• Special requirements for the quality of firewood - the Canadian Buleryan stove does not burn well on wet wood;
• The need for regular cleaning of the chimney - it must be clean, not clogged;
• Bulkyness - Buleryan furnaces are characterized by some puffiness, which is especially inherent in models of increased power;
• Not always a pleasant design - some models differ not in the most successful external data.

In general, Buleryan furnaces are praised. They fulfill their function by 100%, providing fast heat injection into heated rooms. The working time on one tab is an average of 8 hours - this is already a solid plus.

The key drawback in our opinion is the lack of a normal design. Buleryan furnaces are similar to industrial heating units or powerful boiler plants. On sale there are nice small-sized samples, but they are distinguished by an increased cost.

Modifications of Buleryanov and their principles of operation

By overlaying Buleryan with bricks, you will not only increase its efficiency, but also protect your household from possible burns in case of accidental contact with the stove.

Next, we will consider two interesting modifications of the Buleryan furnace. The first of them is aimed at working as part of water heating systems. The thing is that the air tube heat exchanger can be easily converted into a water heat exchanger. Passing a coolant through it, we will get a full-fledged Buleryan boiler, delighting consumers long burning and powerful heat dissipation.

Buleryan furnaces with water heat exchangers are on sale in the form of ready-made models. According to user reviews, they are highly efficient and quickly warm up the coolant in the heating system - it affects high performance systems. If you don't have the money to buy a water modification, but you already have a Buleryan air oven, you can convert it to water.

Nothing prevents the Buleryan stove from being adapted for heating several rooms without laying water heating. This is done by organizing air ducts, bred through the rooms. For example, a stove can be mounted in a small room, equipped with windows for air intake from below and air channels leaving from above. If you want more serious performance, you should work with the convector:

• Combine the intake holes with one pipe and install a blower fan here;
• Connect the outlets with a similar pipe and direct air flows into the rooms.

The principle of operation of the Buleryan furnace, built according to this scheme, will be extremely simple - the fan drives more cold air through pipes, as a result of which it heats up and under some pressure enters other rooms. This scheme is characterized by a faster heat supply. By the way, air heating with ducts is actively used in the United States of America.

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