Boilers long burning on firewood are in demand among summer residents and owners of cottages intended for year-round use. Before installation, you should understand the features, pros and cons of this type of heating of a private house.
Boilers for long-term combustion on wood do not need frequent maintenance, while the cost of each 1 kW / h. thermal energy is several times lower than when using liquid fuel or gas units.
A solid fuel wood burning boiler is well suited for homeowners who have the opportunity to purchase good quality firewood.
In general, the mechanism of operation is based on long-term smoldering of fuel due to limited air intake - as a result of the bookmark, it lasts approximately 80% longer than when operating a solid fuel boiler of the so-called classical type.
Pros and cons of wood burning boilers for long burning fuel
Advantages:
- no need for frequent refueling - depending on the model chosen, it is necessary to throw firewood into the combustion chamber from once every 3-4 hours and up to 12 hours;
- possibility of application various types fuels and their combinations;
- the operation of the boiler in most cases is autonomous and does not require connection to other communications;
- relative cheapness of fuel.
Solid fuel boiler in a private house
Flaws:
- the cost is higher than classic boilers;
- due to the low calorific value of firewood, efficiency from 70 to 89%;
- there is no temperature control mechanism.
Another important disadvantage is the impossibility of operation of heating equipment without human intervention.
Advice. Mainly for dachas and private cottages are purchased wood boilers with combustion chambers large sizes. It is possible to increase the efficiency of heating by increasing the combustion chamber, but at the same time, the dimensions of the boiler itself will also increase.
Varieties according to the mechanism of action
- Heating unit with an extended firebox
The simplest and most common type of wood heating. The main difference from standard solid fuel units is an elongated shape with an elongated firebox. Air is dosed directly into the combustion chamber after ignition, due to which the operating time on each laying of firewood is significantly increased (up to 6-8 hours).
Solid fuel boiler with extended firebox
- Top burning model
Unlike standard wood-fired boilers, which are ignited from below, top combustion boilers burn fuel under the influence of a burner moving from above and slowly lowering down. - pyrolysis boiler
The gas generating, or pyrolysis, unit has a more complex, in comparison with the two previous models, principle of operation and design, due to which it can continuously work up to 12 hours on each fuel tab. In the combustion chamber, firewood does not burn in it, but smolders very slowly, releasing gas in turn. It is discharged into the compartment of the lower chamber, where, under the forced supply of oxygen, it is burned, releasing additional heat.
Top burning solid fuel boiler
The most popular units for private ownership
Different models of wood boilers differ from each other:
- the dimensions of the combustion chambers;
- construction type;
- manufacturing material.
The heat exchanger is often made of steel or cast iron. At the same time, cast iron will last longer than steel, cools for a long time, but can collapse with sudden temperature changes. Steel is heat-resistant, but can be subject to corrosion and will last an average of about 10-15 years.
For country heating most often, simple single-circuit models are installed; for houses with year-round use, it is rational to install a double-circuit boiler. In the latter case, one circuit will provide heating, while the second will provide hot water.
Scheme: pyrolysis boiler device
Each individual unit has its own specifications, average data:
- power about 100 kW;
- coolant temperature at the outlet is 80 degrees, on the return - at least 50 degrees;
- working pressure on average 1 atm.;
- boiler weight up to 400 kg;
- duration of work on one load of fuel 10−12 hours.
Pyrolysis boiler operation
Attention! When buying a wood-fired heating boiler, you need to take into account that most of the units were originally designed to burn brown or hard coal. Their technical data sheets indicate the power and burning time of one bookmark based on work on coal. Therefore, it is necessary to separately calculate the power and time of fuel combustion if the heat generator will work on wood.
How to organize heating
In private cottages designed for year-round use, long-burning boilers equipped with heat exchangers cut into the heating system. The coolant carries thermal energy, obtained by burning firewood, to radiators.
Attention! If in autonomous system used circulation pump, make sure that the boiler heat exchanger can withstand the operating pressure of the entire system.
IN small dachas for 1-2 rooms there is no need for an autonomous type heating system, it is more rational to use a Buleryan type convector oven. In models operating on the principle of convection, the walls of the furnaces consist of open metal tubes that are welded to each other in a vertical position.
Home heating system with a solid fuel boiler
In the process of burning firewood, heated air rises through the tubes due to the action of convection, and cold air enters in its place.
Fuel selection
You can place a boiler on long-burning wood both in the house and in an equipped boiler room or in a small free-standing extension to a private cottage. In this case, it will be necessary to allocate a separate place for fuel: wood, coal, peat, etc.
The most demanded type of fuel is most often waste from the woodworking industry. But this type of fuel is low-calorie, so its high consumption is required.
Wood is the most popular type of fuel for home boilers
The calorific value of the raw material will directly depend on the choice and degree of moisture content of the raw material. Fuel from the high performance- dry firewood, the quality of which, ideally, should be equally high from purchase to purchase. The maximum fuel length is 40 cm.
Important Mounting Features
The weight of wood-burning boilers reaches several hundred kilograms, so before installing it is necessary to make sure that the floors can withstand the load. For durable floors, a cast-iron product is suitable, in other cases it is worth considering the option of buying a boiler made of steel, which will weigh several times less.
At the place where the installation of the unit is planned, a pillow is usually equipped from concrete (its thickness varies from 100 to 150 mm).
For the smooth operation of the boiler, its correct installation is very important.
IN non-volatile boilers so-called mechanical thermostats are used. If the model has a fan designed for forced air supply, as well as an electronic control system, then an electrical connection will be required.
It is important to bear in mind that during power outages, operation will be very difficult.
Conclusion
Long burning boilers deserve special attention when choosing heating equipment for private houses and summer cottages. The most efficient are pyrolysis units, which have the highest efficiency of 97% and long term work without refueling.
Placement of a solid fuel boiler
Before buying, you should also decide on the material of manufacture, the required volume of the furnace, prepare a boiler room or equip a place for a boiler in the house. Separately, you should take care of choosing high-quality fuel - dry firewood must be prepared in advance, a separate place is allocated for their storage.
How does a pyrolysis solid fuel boiler work: video
Long burning boiler: photo
In order to purchase a suitable heating unit for a private house, it is necessary to soberly evaluate the characteristics of the options offered and take into account all the features of the housing that needs to be heated. To cope with this task, you will have to make accurate mathematical calculations and think carefully about the moment of fuel delivery. The information that you will receive from this article will help you understand how to choose a long-burning solid fuel boiler. Use the suggested material to avoid common mistakes and make the right decision.
Varieties and principles of operation of solid fuel boilers for long burning
If you have to choose a long-burning solid fuel boiler, first of all, familiarize yourself with the classification of these units. Having a general idea of existing varieties, you will be able to navigate in a wide range and immediately exclude not suitable options. Solid fuel heating boilers differ in several ways, which will be described later in the article.
According to the method of fuel combustion
Long-burning solid fuel heating boilers are divided into two categories:
- Traditional. They implemented the most simple circuit fuel combustion. According to the principle of operation, they resemble an ordinary stove with a special window for supplying fuel. The main element is a heat exchanger that provides temperature transfer directly to the coolant. Such boilers are distinguished by unprecedented reliability and durability, but their efficiency leaves much to be desired.
- Pyrolysis (gas generating). This type is characterized by a high level of efficiency. Such units generate thermal energy by burning fuel in a special way. First, the unit dries the fuel. This is followed by degassing, during which about 85% of the substances during combustion are converted into combustible gas. The remaining 15% remains in the form of coal. In the internal cavity of the combustion chamber, the temperature rises to 600 °, due to which the combustible gas is oxidized and ignited. This process leaves a burning layer of coal. Masses of low-temperature gases are saturated with carbon, providing an increase in temperature up to 1000 °. Under such conditions, coal decomposes, releasing a large number of thermal energy. The air flow supplied to the upper wall of the combustion chamber directs the flame vertically downwards. Due to this, the combustion process becomes controlled. Continuous air supply ensures constant oxidation of combustible gases.
According to the material of manufacture
In the range of household solid fuel boilers there are units made of various materials. Manufacturers use two types of metals:
- Cast iron. The boiler, made of cast iron, is a sectional structure, each section of which can be separated from the rest. The possibility of dismantling makes the unit more convenient for transportation and installation. When it becomes necessary to carry out repair work this feature greatly facilitates the task of the master. During the operation of a cast-iron boiler, the internal walls of the combustion chamber are subjected to chemical corrosion. Dry rust appears on them (a film consisting of iron oxide). As a rule, it does not progress, so the efficiency of the unit remains at a consistently high level. Often it is not necessary to clean it from soot. The only significant drawback is the susceptibility to temperature changes. Thermal shock can damage the chamber walls. Such cases should be avoided.
- Steel. A boiler made of this metal is a monoblock unit that is assembled at the factory. It will not be possible to disassemble it for ease of transportation. Steel solid fuel boilers for long-term combustion are not afraid of thermal shocks, therefore, automatic electronic devices for changing modes are more widely used in them. However, systematic temperature changes lead to the formation of tired zones on the walls of the combustion chamber, which eventually leads to burn-out of the metal. If this happens, the unit cannot be repaired.
By type of fuel used
Heating solid fuel boilers for long-term combustion are divided into four categories according to the type of fuel burned:
- On wood. The most common variety. Its popularity is due to the simplicity of design and unpretentiousness to fuel. A solid fuel boiler for long burning on wood can work under almost any conditions, but it has one significant drawback - the lack of automation. As the fuel burns, the user has to put firewood into the firebox.
- On the corner Suitable for a large area home much more than a wood-burning one. Coal is low cost and easy to transport.
- On pellets. As a fuel for this variety, wood pellets are used, which are compressed waste from the woodworking industry. They are called pellets. The relatively small combustion chamber of a pellet boiler burns briquettes, generating a large amount of heat.
- On sawdust. A separate type of solid fuel boilers that burn sawdust, dry grass, leaves and other waste. Such units provide high-quality heating of housing, and also solve the problem of disposal of waste of plant origin.
Dual circuit
Solid fuel double-circuit boilers long burning are distinguished by the fact that they not only heat housing, but also heat water for domestic use. By installing such a unit, you will heat the house and at the same time solve the problem of providing warm water for bathroom and kitchen. A long-burning solid fuel boiler with a water circuit is more expensive, but it eliminates the need to install a geyser or boiler.
Criteria for choosing solid fuel boilers for long burning
WITH general classification we have already familiarized ourselves with solid fuel boilers. It's time to consider the criteria by which the owners of private houses determine the best options for units for installing heating systems. After reviewing the following sections, you will learn how to choose the right long-burning solid fuel boiler for your home.
Type of fuel
First of all, you must decide what fuel will be used for heating. Consider what type of fuel is more convenient to buy and import. If you have harvested wood, it would be wise to purchase a wood-fired boiler. Owners of cottages where there are no trees can recommend heating with pellets. coal boilers suitable for those who have the opportunity to order high-quality fuel on favorable terms. Sawdust heating systems are typically used to heat woodworking facilities.
Power
To determine the required power heating system, you need to perform simple mathematical calculations. Calculate the total volume of the rooms that you are going to heat. The resulting figure will help you find a model with the appropriate parameters in a wide range of solid fuel boilers for long-term combustion. Keep in mind: you always need to provide a power reserve so that during severe winter frost the house does not get cold.
Device weight
When choosing a solid fuel boiler for long-term combustion for heating a private house, the mass parameter is taken into account only if the owner intends to fix the purchased unit on the wall. According to the state standards established by the gas service of Russia, this installation method is allowed for heating boilers with a volume of less than 100 liters.
Loading chamber volume
This parameter characterizes the ratio of the amount of fuel to be loaded with the power of the heating unit. The more fuel that fits in the loading chamber, the less often you will have to replenish the supply of firewood / coals / pellets. For steel boilers, the ratio of these values is 1.6-2.6 l / kW. Cast iron heating units consume fuel in smaller quantities - 1.1-1.4 l / kW.
The total volume of the loading chamber will help you roughly evaluate the possibilities. You will not succeed in filling it 100% in any case. Much more important is the useful volume of the loading chamber. This value displays the actual amount of fuel that you can load into the combustion chamber. To determine it, you need to know the principle of burning the fuel of the selected boiler and the method of loading the fuel (top or front).
Efficiency
One of the most important parameters for any solid fuel heating unit for long-term combustion. The figure expressing the efficiency of the boiler characterizes that part of the generated thermal energy that is actually spent on heating the home. Choosing a unit with a high coefficient useful action, you can reduce power requirements. Low efficiency means wasted heat, so you'll have to add more fuel to keep your home at a reasonable temperature.
Overview of the best manufacturers
The modern market for heating systems for private homes is full of offers from many brands, but not all of these units can boast of reliability and durability. You learned how to choose a home solid fuel boiler for long burning from the previous sections of the article. It's time to narrow down your search to those manufacturers that truly deserve respect:
- Stropuva. Trademark "Stropuva" produces high-quality coal-fired heating boilers with high level Efficiency and long burning time after each bookmark.
- Hearth. The company "Ochag" produces solid fuel boilers equipped with heat exchangers of the most modern design. The units of this brand are distinguished by durability and high performance.
- Wichlacz. A reliable Polish brand that produces excellent solid fuel boilers operating on the principle of layered combustion of fuel.
- Viadrus. Worldwide respected manufacturer of coal, wood and coal-wood solid fuel boilers.
- Don. Heating units of this brand are distinguished by reliability and durability. With minimal fuel consumption, Don provides a high level of efficiency.
- Teplodar. Heating units of long-term combustion of the brand "Teplodar" in their reliability and performance can be compared with the best offspring of German manufacturers.
Where to buy and how much
The acquisition of a solid fuel boiler for long-term combustion for heating a private house is a serious task. It must be approached with the utmost responsibility. Such a unit costs a lot of money, so the first step is to evaluate the reliability of the selling side. In the table below, you will find contact details and some commercial offers of trusted Moscow heating equipment suppliers.
| Name of the organization | Address, Website | Name of the proposed model | Price, rub |
|
| "TechnoDom" | Factory highway, house No. 9A; Website: teh-dom | Double-circuit pyrolysis | ||
| Viardus Woodpell 7 | Automatic pellet | |||
| "Thermo-World" | st. Aircraft designer Mil, house number 19; Website: termo-mir | Don KS-T-16 | Drovyanoy | |
| Don KS-GV-50N | Drovyanoy | |||
| "GarantComfort" | Rumyantsevo Business Park, Kyiv shosse, building No. 1, building A, office No. 905; Website: garantcomfort | coal-wood | ||
| coal-wood | ||||
| "TeploDar" | Website: teplodar | Teplodar Kupper OK15 | Universal solid propellant | |
| Teplodar Kupper OK20 | Universal solid propellant | |||
| Teplodar Kupper OK20 | Universal solid propellant |
Video
For those who are deprived of the opportunity to purchase an expensive heating boiler, the option of assembling such a unit at home is suitable. The video below will explain in detail how to do this. Listen to the advice of experts, and you can create your own Alternative option solid fuel boiler for long-term combustion.
They require regular maintenance and fuel loading - this is their main drawback. Cheap and simple models must be filled with firewood every few hours. Therefore, for heating a residential building, long-burning boilers are more often used, which can operate on the same batch of fuel for several days.
What accounts for such a long service life of these models? Significant dimensions usually tell the buyer that the matter is in the larger volume of the loading chamber. This is partly true, but long-term work is based on not the amount of fuel, but the principle of its burning "from top to bottom".
When fuel is burned, only its upper layer burns, and combustion occurs with a dosed intake of air. In this case, a bright flame is not formed, the fuel smolders for a long time and evenly, while heating the lower layers. Therefore, long-burning boilers not so demanding on the moisture content of firewood and coal fraction.
The device of a long-burning boiler has its own characteristics. The door of the loading chamber is located high - in the upper third of the body. Almost the entire interior space is filled with fuel, this explains the large volume of loading. In the upper part of the body there is a smoke pipe, which is connected to the chimney.
At the bottom of the chamber there is an ash pan, it is necessary for cleaning the boiler. It blew the role, as in conventional ovens, in these models the ash pan does not play, so its door is airtight. The air comes from the air chamber located at the top, it is also a recuperator: flue gases heat its walls, due to which the air enters the combustion zone already heated. At the top of the chamber is equipped with a shutter.
In order to meteredly supply air to the combustion surface of the fuel, the boilers are equipped with an air distributor connected to the air chamber by means of a telescopically extending pipe. As the fuel load burns out, the distributor lowers along with the upper burning layer, which ensures a long-term stable air supply mode.
The air distributor returns to its original position using a cable with a ring - it simply pulls up. By the position of the cable, you can determine the remaining fuel in the loading chamber.
The heat exchanger in long-burning models is a water jacket located on all side surfaces, due to which heat removal is quite effective. Fittings are provided for supplying the coolant to the heating system and returning it to the boiler. The water inlet to the system is located at the top of the heat exchanger, the return is at the bottom, this ensures natural circulation.
Can be equipped automatic or thermomechanical regulation. In the first case, they are volatile and require connection to the mains. In the second, the combustion process is controlled using bimetallic. Such boilers do not need electricity and can work smoothly in any conditions.
Advantages of long-burning boilers
- operating time on one load - up to 7 days;
- simple and reliable design;
- low requirements for fuel quality;
- most models do not require a network connection;
- the price of boilers is comparable to the price of.
Flaws:
- significant dimensions;
- the need for regular cleaning - when smoldering, a large amount of soot is released.
Types of fuel for long-burning boilers
Long-burning boilers are not demanding on fuel quality. They give the greatest efficiency on anthracite and brown coal, but they can also work on firewood, briquettes and pellets.
An important nuance that you need to pay attention to when buying is the maximum length of firewood. Finished chopped firewood usually has a length of 40-45 cm, if the model has a shorter loading chamber, then the firewood will have to be harvested independently or sawn to order.The moisture content of the wood is not as important for this type of boiler as for pyrolysis, but when raw wood is burned, the efficiency of the boiler will be significantly lower, and the amount of soot and soot will increase greatly. In addition, at high smoke humidity, water vapor can condense on the walls of the chimney and interact with soot, forming carbonic acid. Over time, the acid will destroy the walls of the chimney, and it will need to be replaced.
Pellets and fuel briquettes in long-burning boilers can be used without pre-training, the size of the granules does not matter, and the moisture content of this fuel is within 20%, which is quite acceptable for these models. Lignite and medium fraction anthracite also do not require additional preparation, large pieces must be crushed before loading.
It is not recommended to use wet sawdust and construction waste in long-burning boilers - a fuel chamber and a chimney when using them!Overview of long-burning boiler models
There are boilers from various manufacturers on the market, and their declared characteristics are similar, so it is sometimes difficult to make a choice. Below is an overview of the most popular models.
Liepsnele boilers, Lithuania
The lineup long-burning boilers from this manufacturer include universal models with a power of 10 to 40 kW, they can work on coal, wood, sawdust, shavings, fuel pellets and pressed briquettes.
The design of the boilers belongs to the classic shaft type with upper combustion. Liepsnele boilers are non-volatile, have a high efficiency - it is at least 90% in any of the operating modes and with any fuel.
Video: installation and connection of Liepsnele heating equipment
Boilers SWaG, Ukraine
Mine universal models of long burning, equipped with an electronic control unit that allows you to accurately adjust the combustion modes. Power range - from 10 to 50 kW. The boilers are equipped with a turbine that pumps air into the combustion zone, which increases its efficiency during ignition and in the heating mode of the system. The boilers are equipped with a safety group, including a pressure relief valve and an air vent, as well as a thermometer.
Brief specifications:
In SWaG boilers, along with the main fuel, it is possible to burn sawdust, straw, wood chips and other waste, mixing them with coal or firewood. Do not use dusty fine coal, prone to sintering and coking - the operation of the boiler will be unstable and inefficient.Video: description of SwaG boilers
Boilers Stropuva, Bulgaria
Classic upper combustion units, shaft type for heating residential and industrial facilities. Equipped with a bimetallic draft regulator, which eliminates the need to connect to electrical network. The range of universal boilers is represented by models from 8 to 40 kW.
Brief specifications:
Stropuva boilers are distinguished by increased safety and resistance to water hammer - in case of sudden overheating, the body walls are not damaged, the deformation is directed inward.Video: long burning models Stropuva
Boilers Nedelka, Russia
Boilers of domestic production, capable of operating on one load of coal for 6-7 days. They have a high efficiency - up to 92%, the automation of the boiler allows you to accurately control the temperature of network water and the microclimate in the premises of the house.
The boiler has a rectangular shape with a loading door in the upper plane. The type of combustion in the boiler is upper, for a more complete heat removal, smoke circulation is provided - channels through which heated flue gases pass.
The heat exchanger of the Nedelka boiler is multi-pass, which ensures maximum heat removal from the most heated surfaces. The furnace is equipped with a grate and two cleaning doors: through one, located in the fuel chamber, combustion products are removed from the furnace, through the second - from the ash pan.
In the upper part there is a microprocessor control unit that controls the blower fan. It regulates the air supply to the chamber, and consequently, the combustion mode. When the power is turned off, the boiler dies out, when it is turned on, it can flare up again without human intervention. Management is simple - just set the desired temperature in the rooms where the sensors are installed.
The fuel quality requirements for the Nedelka units are low: they can burn coal and firewood, pellets, wood chips, construction waste. The greatest efficiency and duration of burning is achieved when working on coal, the quality of which is not subject to special requirements - effective pressurization is able to ignite any fraction of coal.
Three models of boilers are recommended for private houses: KO-60 - for a house with an area of 100 to 300 square meters, KO-90 - from 200 to 400 square meters and KO-110 - from 250 to 600 square meters. However, the larger the area, the less time combustion of the boiler at one load, so it is better to choose a more powerful boiler.
Prices on boilers "Nedelka", depending on the modification - from 110 to 220 thousand rubles.
Boiler "Nedelka", video
The right choice of a suitable model of solid fuel equipment will allow you to forget about the daily loading, cleaning and maintenance of heating equipment. Modern boilers are reliable, safe and do not require monitoring. It is enough to clean the unit from ash and ashes once every few days and load a new batch of fuel, after which it will be warm and comfortable in the house all week.
Solid fuel boilers designed for the heating system of a private house are very effective solution under certain conditions. Electric heating associated with high costs if it is necessary to heat a large area, gas appliances in this regard, they are more economical, but it is far from always possible to provide the house with the appropriate fuel. Wood, coal and other similar materials are used as fuel for solid fuel boilers.
Present on the market today wide choose models of such units different kind: long burning, pellet, traditional, pyrolysis and so on. Do right choice in such conditions is not as easy as it might seem at first glance. We tried to make this task as easy as possible for you and made a rating of the top 10 best boilers. When compiling it, a large number of similar devices were analyzed, we based on feedback from users and specialists, compared the price-quality ratio.
Top ten models of solid fuel boilers
10+. ZOTA Pellet 100A
This is a pellet-type boiler, which is characterized by a high level of process automation, when the device is able to function for several days without additional refueling with combustible materials. The design provides auger fuel supply and the presence of an inflatable fan, it is perfect for the harsh Russian climatic conditions. The maximum power of the equipment is 100 kW, the volume of the fuel tank is 606 liters. Due to the screw feed, absolute protection against overheating is provided, it also does not allow the penetration of flame into the fuel storage bunker.
The built-in thermostat sends the device into standby mode when the required temperature is reached. The boiler is connected to the electrical network, from which all automation functions, it has automatic ignition. Adjustment of the main parameters is carried out using the buttons located on the body of the device. Automation allows you to keep the daily fuel consumption under full control, making the boiler more efficient and economical. Additionally, you can install a GSM module that allows you to remotely control the temperature in the system. The unit is able to heat a building up to 800 square meters.
Advantages:
- Screw supply of fuel;
- The presence of an electronic control system for all elements;
- High power;
- High efficiency - about 90%.
Flaws:
- The need to connect to the mains;
- Considerable mass of the device.
10. ACV TKAN 100
Fully automated device that uses coal, wood briquettes, firewood and so on as fuel. It is distinguished by a high efficiency - about 93%, fuel consumption is low - from 8 kg per hour when the boiler is set to maximum performance parameters. The boiler is absolutely safe during operation due to its fully sealed combustion chamber and forced air supply. The fuel supply mechanism is equipped with a fire damper.
The convective part is equipped pneumatic system cleaning, for the convenience of using solid fuels, there are special grates. The maximum heated area is 300 sq. m. The highest pressure in the heating system is 3 bar. The device is equipped with automation powered by electricity, so the boiler needs to be connected to the network, the burner ignites on its own. The main settings are set at the expense of a special remote control located on the body of the unit.
Advantages:
- Not the largest mass of the product;
- High rated power and efficiency;
- The presence of electronic automation, providing safe work and compliance with all the set modes;
- Fuel is supplied by means of a screw mechanism.
Flaws:
- High price.
9. ZOTA Poplar M 20
The boiler is highly reliable and very attractive. design decision. Fuel loading is vertical, draft regulator is provided automatic type, There is gas-burner, connected directly to a household gas pipeline or to a cylinder, there is a reliable heating element.
The maximum heated area is 150 square meters with a ceiling height of 3 meters. In the heating system greatest pressure is 3 atmospheres, its volume is designed for 54 liters. The case has good thermal insulation. Under the decorative casing there is a water jacket that prevents the boiler from overheating; it is additionally covered with basalt cardboard, due to which heat losses become minimal. Furnace door equipped with a lock, one load of fuel burns out for about 12 hours. The boiler must be connected to a natural chimney, as its design does not provide for a fan.
Advantages:
- The burner is economical, due to which fuel consumption is reduced, and thermal power increases;
- Autonomous management;
- The ability to use several varieties of solid fuel;
- Significant performance indicators - over 90%;
- Reliable assembly;
Flaws:
- Big weight.
8. Wirbel BIO-TEC 35
This is a pyrolysis type device, its power range is from 18 to 80 kW. The boiler is designed to burn firewood or wood waste. It is well suited for small or medium rooms. The pyrolysis type technology ensures complete combustion of the fuel. The chamber is quite spacious - firewood up to half a meter long will fit there. One load completely burns out within five hours at the standard power of the device, during the economy mode it can burn all day long.
The unit retains heat for about 12 hours, during which there is no need to re-ignite it. All functions of the equipment are controlled by a special regulator. The boiler is connected to the heating system of the house by a thermostatic three-way valve and a storage tank. When loading, make sure that the fuel is dry - it should not contain more than 25% moisture. There is practically no combustion waste in the boiler, due to which it does not need frequent cleaning - with a maximum load, it needs to be cleaned on average once a week. Flue gases are also subject to combustion, due to the high efficiency of the equipment (about 92%) and good environmental performance. Boilers are perfectly safe when used correctly.
Advantages:
- High power level;
- Both the fuel itself and the exhaust gases are burned;
- The device is equipped with a control panel;
- All processes are fully automatic.
Flaws:
- If the remote control breaks, then the user loses the ability to control processes;
- Expensive equipment.
7. Wattek PYROTEK 36
This boiler provides long-term combustion in the furnace, is able to maintain a long time in the house comfortable temperature. At fully loaded combustion of fuel occurs within 12 hours. The wall thickness of the furnace is 5 mm, the heat exchanger is made of copper, it does not form scale. The boiler dampers do not require initial adjustment. The automation of the boiler is electric, has a significant number of functions, has a number of operating modes - standard, summer, hot water supply, priority hot water supply.
On the control panel, you can program the temperature for switching on and off the pump. With its help, the weekly programming of the boiler operation is also carried out. The remote control menu is completely Russified. The boiler works according to pyrolysis technology, for the removal of combustion products there is a 10-speed fan, the operation of which is adjusted automatically. The unit is made in strict accordance with all existing quality standards.
Advantages:
- All modes and temperature indicators are regulated automatically;
- To ensure additional safety, the boiler is equipped with emergency, boiler and boiler sensors;
- Ordinary firewood in the furnace burns out within 12 hours, when using briquettes, this figure increases to 15-17 hours;
- Quality assembly;
- The possibility of using the boiler to create a hot water supply system.
Flaws:
- High cost of maintenance, repair and spare parts.
6. EVAN WARMOS TT-18
This boiler can be used not only for residential, but also for industrial or agricultural premises. It can be used as the main or additional heating equipment. The main rule is that it should be in a room equipped with natural system ventilation. For higher efficiency, the device is equipped with a flue gas combustion system.
The design has a heating element and a reliable traction control system. The main function of the heating element is to maintain the water temperature to prevent defrosting of the heating system. The unit operates on the basis of natural water circulation due to the temperature difference, however, the pipes will need to be positioned so that the coolant can pass through the system on its own. If it cannot be provided, then you will have to additionally install a circulation pump and expansion tank in direct contact with atmospheric air. The maximum pressure at which this boiler can operate is 5 bar. The unit is designed for an area of up to 120 square meters.
Advantages:
- Easy to install;
- Reliable build quality;
- Possibility of using any solid fuel.
Flaws:
- The damper position must be adjusted manually to prevent excessive fuel consumption;
- Fast burning of fuel.
5. Lemax Forward-16
It is a fairly simple device, where nothing extra is provided. The design is very reliable, does not require maintenance, and is distinguished by an acceptable price. The body is made of decorative metal panels. Behind it lies a layer of thermal insulation, under which there is a body made of low-carbon steel 4 mm thick. The fuel chamber is large, it is protected from overheating by a water jacket.
In order to increase the strength of the equipment, the heat exchanger is reinforced with a channel, so that the probability of rupture is low. At the bottom of the device is a heat-resistant grate, under it there is a box for slag and ash. You can remove it through the door on the front panel, it also acts as a damper that regulates the amount of air entering the combustion chamber from the room. Branch pipes through which the supply and return lines of the heating system are connected are located on the rear panel. There is also a chimney pipe with a damper that regulates draft. The boiler can run on wood or brown coal; for convenience, there is a top fuel loading system.
Advantages:
- The ability to use any type of solid fuel - coal, coke, firewood and so on;
- small dimensions, there is no need for constant maintenance;
- Low cost.
Flaws:
- Little efficiency;
- The need to regularly load fuel, as it burns out quickly enough.
4. NMK Magnum KDG 20 TE
The first device in our ranking of the best solid fuel boilers, equipped with a long burning system. It is perfect for home heating or production premises with an area of about 150 square meters.
This unit Russian production, designed specifically for harsh domestic climatic conditions. Coal is used exclusively as fuel - it can burn through for four to five days, the efficiency of this equipment is about 80%. The case is reliable, the unit does not need additional maintenance. The fuel combustion control system is quite simple, but at the same time it is very reliable - it almost never fails.
Advantages:
- Favorable cost;
- Excellent workmanship;
- There is a heating control system.
Flaws:
- The air damper must be in a certain position, which is not too easy to set.
3. Teplodar Kupper OK 15
In the top of solid fuel boilers, this unit is in an honorable third place, largely due to the long burning of the fuel. So, on one tab of firewood, the equipment can work for about 30 hours, briquettes burn out in two days, coal for about 5 days. Perfect for residential, warehouse and even industrial premises, the area of which does not exceed 150 square meters.
Both water and antifreeze can be used as a heat carrier, any solid fuel acts as a fuel - briquettes, firewood, coal. When installing additional elements the boiler will operate on electricity or gas. The heat exchanger is made of 12 tubes, which ensures high efficiency of the device. The door is sealed, due to which smoke will not pass into the room, and the fuel will burn out much longer due to poor oxygen access to the furnace - it is made on the basis of the state standard GOST 9817-95.
Advantages:
- High build quality of the device;
- Profitability of work with significant efficiency;
- Excellent value for money.
Flaws:
- A significant mass, which makes it difficult to move the boiler from one place to another.
Heats rooms 150 - 400 sq.m. Perfect option for a private house, cottage, car service, as well as a car wash.
On one load of 300 liters it can work up to 7 days. Operating power: 15−45 kW (adjustable using automation). Peak power: 90 kW
Advantages:
- Mass production;
- Made of Russian steel 5 mm grade 09G2S produced by MMK;
- The hatch for cleaning the heat exchanger can be located both on the left and on the right;
- All stages of production are controlled;
- Insured liability to the consumer in ROSGOSSTRAKH in the amount of 10 million rubles;
- Patented production technology;
- Availability of documentation to support fire safety, reliability in use.
Flaws:
- Weight and dimensions, but this makes the boiler reliable, with a good one-time load;
- The presence of condensate may seem like a minus, but this is an indicator of the high efficiency of the boiler, and there is effective ways its reduction;
- Energy dependence. Undoubtedly a minus, but easily corrected, with the solution of which the house always becomes warm, regardless of whether there is electricity or not.
You can buy Nedelka boilers here.
1. Buderus Logano G221-25
Uses any solid fuel - for its loading there is a capacious combustion chamber and a convenient loading door. It is possible to adjust the temperature of the coolant. The boiler is very suitable for systems with a natural water circulation system, however, it can be used in structures equipped with a circulation pump.
The maximum power of the unit is 25 kW, the largest heated area is about 250 square meters. The boiler is used as the main or backup source of heat supply. The heat exchanger is made of cast iron, its average service life is about 30 years, due to it the coolant can be heated to a temperature of 90 degrees. The efficiency of the device is 78%, it is completely non-volatile. It is safe to say that this is the best solid fuel boiler for a private home.
Advantages:
- Large volume of the firebox, where you can put firewood up to 68 cm in size;
- Attractive appearance and high-quality assembly;
- Good energy efficiency;
- Easy to install, operate and maintain.
Flaws:
- High price.
At the end of the video, how to choose a solid fuel boiler for a private house?
Solid fuel boilers of long burning
What are solid fuel boilers, and what are the principles of their operation
It would seem that heating a house with solid fuel (wood, coal, peat) will disappear from use in the 21st century. But this statement turned out to be premature: today many more modern houses fueled by these energy sources. Of course, not an old stone stove is used to heat the room, but modern solid fuel heating boilers.
These heat generators can operate on different type energy carrier:
- coal pellets;
- firewood;
- ordinary coal;
- peat pellets.
The principle of operation of a solid fuel boiler is quite simple: any of the above energy carriers is loaded into the furnace compartment of the boiler and ignited. The heat from combustion heats the water, which, circulating through the pipes, heats the house. Such heating boilers for long-burning wood have a number of negative features:
- short burning period (2-8 hours);
- the need to remove the ashes;
- the need to regularly throw new portions of the energy carrier into the furnace.
- low efficiency.
It was possible to get rid of these shortcomings with the development of fundamentally new solid fuel heat generators, which are long-burning solid fuel boilers. They are divided into two types:
- pyrolysis;
- upper combustion boilers.
Pyrolysis solid fuel boilers of long burning
The mechanism of operation of the pyrolysis boiler is based on the principle of splitting the energy carrier into pyrolysis gas and coke. This problem is solved with the help of a low burning rate of fuel, which, in fact, does not burn, but smolders. As a result of this smoldering, pyrolysis gas is formed, which burns when combined with air.
A long-burning pyrolysis boiler on wood or any other solid energy carrier structurally consists of two chambers: in the first, the fuel itself is split, and in the second, the pyrolysis gas is burned. In such a unit, the combustion process is under the control of automation: to increase the intensity of combustion, the system slightly opens the damper of the combustion chamber, letting more oxygen into it, and to reduce the temperature, it closes it.
Pyrolysis gas generators have a number of advantages:
- high efficiency of burning the energy carrier (there is a minimum of waste);
- long period of work without reloading;
- environmental friendliness (it emits a minimum of harmful gases that undergo thorough filtration);
- high reliability.
Pyrolysis units, due to the fact that they consist mainly of mechanical elements, are extremely easy to operate. If you want to install a long-burning boiler with your own hands, then this version of the heat generator is optimal.
But pyrolysis models also have certain disadvantages. They operate on forced draft, so they depend on an uninterrupted power supply. The fuel loaded into the pyrolysis boiler must be absolutely dry, and its volume in the furnace must comply with the requirements of the heat generator manufacturer.
Upper combustion boilers
The burning of fuel in conventional boilers and furnaces of fireplaces and stoves occurs from the bottom up, which is explained by the physics of combustion. But such a scheme is not always effective, since the burning rate is too high, which is why not all materials completely burn out. This disadvantage has been eliminated in top burning boilers, where the fuel burns out gradually from top to bottom.
This mechanism has been implemented thanks to design feature heat generators. They do not provide a grate and an ash pan. In the pan there are no elements that support combustion at all.
The fuel burns out when there is a shortage of oxygen, which is supplied to the combustion chamber through movable nozzles, and the oxygen supply volumes are controlled by automation. The fuel in the chamber burns out layer by layer, due to which such equipment demonstrates a number of advantages:
- high efficiency;
- minimum volume of waste (ash);
- minimum flow fuel;
- environmental friendliness ( minimal amount harmful emissions).
This type of long-burning solid fuel boiler is also equipped with automation that controls the intensity of combustion by limiting or increasing the supply of oxygen to the chamber.
The average power of such equipment is 6 kW, which is enough for heating small house. Ease of maintenance is the main advantage of upper combustion boilers: you only need to load about 50 kg of firewood or other energy carrier into the furnace, after which you can forget about the existence of the boiler for the next 30 hours.
How to choose a solid fuel boiler for long burning
If you have decided on the type of device, then in order to buy a long-burning boiler that would best meet your requirements, you need to find out a number of nuances:
- the volume of the heated room;
- average temperature in the room;
- the level of thermal insulation of the house;
- type of solid fuel.
Power Selection
In order for the boiler to provide a comfortable temperature in the house, it is important to choose a unit of optimal power. This parameter is calculated by the formula P=S/10, where P is the power of the heat generator, and S is the area of the heated room.
By the volume of the chamber and the type of its loading
When choosing equipment important role plays the volume of the combustion chamber and the way it is loaded. Since this criterion affects the main labor costs when using the boiler. It is better to give preference to units with large chambers, which are fed from above. This arrangement allows you to fully load the boiler with combustible material and reduce the time between procedures.
According to the material of the heat exchanger
The transfer of combustion energy to the coolant (water) occurs through a heat exchanger; in such devices it can be of two types - cast iron and steel.
- The first option is different long term service (30 years), but is afraid of temperature changes and hard water.
- And the second requires regular cleaning, but is resistant to sudden changes in temperature and chemical composition coolant. The time of its operation is 2 times less than cast iron.
Decide among the many technical parameters professional consultants who work in specialized stores of heating equipment will help.
If the price is a determining parameter when choosing equipment, then it makes sense to pay attention to a domestic-made long-burning boiler. Russian models are distinguished not only by an attractive price, but also by high reliability.
Outcome
Having acquired a long-burning solid fuel boiler, you are guaranteed to provide your home with uninterrupted heat supply, the cost of which will not be too burdensome for the family budget.
