Window opening dimensions. Standard window sizes for a private house. Residential Standards

The construction of buildings and structures is a complex multi-stage process, associated with many approvals and requirements. The design must be strong, durable, earthquake-resistant. Therefore, designing precedes the construction - thinking and miscalculations on paper. In order not to start the calculations anew each time, they created special standards, adhering to which you can quickly build high-quality buildings. Construction standards provide for all the nuances: the materials to be used, the dimensions of buildings, as well as the dimensions of window and doorways. The window opening should provide desired level natural light, while the strength of the structure should not suffer. A standard doorway should provide free access to the room, not only for people, but also for furniture. The application of standards for window and door openings facilitates the work of manufacturers of door panels and window frames.

Entrance and interior doors in the house: standard size and width of the doorway

Typical dimensions of doors and doorways are indicated in special documents - SNiPs. Depending on the type of premises (residential, bathroom, administrative) and the type of doors (interior, entrance), the following standards are distinguished:

• Interior doors: opening height 1970 mm and 2070 mm, door height 1900 mm and 2000 mm. Opening width: 620, 670, 770, 870 and 970 mm, width door leaf: 550, 600, 700, 800, 900 mm. In this case, the thickness of the box should be 108 mm.
• Entrance doors: opening height 2065 mm and 2165 mm, leaf height 2000 mm and 2100 mm, respectively. The opening width is 930, 980 and 1030 mm, and the web width is 800, 850, 900 mm.

These are the standards of “single” doors, double doors are also installed: two sheets of 550 mm each allow you to get an opening under the door, the dimensions of which will be 1100 mm.

Of course, the size of the doorway can be changed, but in this case you will have to order doors customized size. Moreover, resizing is referred to as re-planning and requires special permission from the architectural department. A significant increase in the doorway can weaken the structure and cause structural failure.

Another option is also possible, if there is a doorway of non-standard sizes, its geometry is changed (extra sections are laid) and standard doors are installed.

Continuing the conversation about standard door sizes, it is worth mentioning that we mean ordinary swing doors. However, in Lately Sliding doors are increasingly being used to save space for opening/closing doors as much as possible.

opening dimensions for sliding doors depend on the design of the doors (there are compartment doors, "accordion", etc.).

Regular and non-standard width and height of the window opening: how to design correctly

Unlike doorways and door sizes, the situation with window openings and windows is somewhat different. During construction, although they adhere to the standards laid down in SNiPs, the sizes of windows still vary greatly, because the area of ​​the horse is usually calculated based on the square of the room. Therefore, in houses various types there will be windows different size. For example, in the standard panel house windows of two wings have a size of 1300x1400 mm, three-leaf windows have a size of 2050x1400 or 2070x1400 mm. In "Khrushchev" the size depends on the width of the window sill. In apartments with wide window sills, double-leaf windows have a size of 1450X1500 mm, three-leaf windows - 2040X1500 mm. If the window sills are narrow, then the window sizes are smaller: 1300X1350 mm and 2040X1350 mm.

The primary purpose of windows in buildings and structures of any type is to transmit light for natural light. But windows also provide ventilation of the premises, perform a number of other functions. Let's try to figure out what is regulated in construction. Is it possible to set arbitrary when constructing, for example, a country house?

How is the area of ​​window openings calculated?

In the construction of various types of buildings, building codes and rules governing the dimensions of window openings and windows depending on many factors. The decisive among them is KEO - the coefficient of natural illumination. But many other factors are also taken into account: the dimensions and purpose of the building, geographical location, lighting characteristics and the number of glasses in a double-glazed window, etc. percentage), which is determined by the formula given in the document. The SNiP defines the normalized KEO values ​​in the premises of typical public and residential buildings geographically located in the band from 45 ° to 60 ° north latitude. This value takes into account that glass cleaning in windows is mandatory twice a year for buildings in areas with low dust and pollution, and 4 times for rooms in areas with noticeable emissions of dust and combustion products. If the building is located south of 45° north latitude, a factor of 0.75 should be applied to the KEO value, and if the building is located north of 60° north latitude - 1.2.

The calculation formulas have their own coefficients for the cases of using several glasses in double-glazed windows, with different distances between the glasses, as well as with different glass designs in windows (frosted, curly, etc.).
If it is difficult to set different coefficients, then there is a simplified formula for residential premises: the area of ​​​​window glazing should be at least 8 times less area premises. This formula gives approximate, but quite close to the calculated results.

Standard sizes

But there are standard sizes of window openings specified by state standards for residential and these sizes are chosen as optimal for mass construction. They take into account many factors, including the external aesthetic appearance of the building as an architectural structure.

GOSTs take into account not only the size of window and design features their execution. In addition, the dimensions of openings, canvases and design are standardized. balcony doors. There are GOST 24699-81, GOST 24700-81 and GOST 11214-86, which impose restrictions on the choice wooden windows and balcony doors for public and residential buildings in the design with double-glazed windows and glass, with double-glazed windows and with, respectively.

List of standard sizes

In particular, standardized sizes of windows and balcony doors of residential buildings are provided for in height (860, 1460 and 2175 mm) and width (570, 720, 870, 1170, 1320, 1470, 1770 or 2070 mm). For public buildings, a different size range is standardized for windows and doors of balconies (height - 1160, 1760 or 2060, 2375 or 2575 mm, width - 870, 1170, 1320, 1470 mm). openings for these structures is also defined: in residential buildings (height 910, 1520 and 2210, width 610, 780, 910, 1210, 1380, 1510, 1810, 2110 mm) and public (height 1210, 1810, 2110, 2410 and 2810, width 910, 1210, 1380, 1510, 1810, 2110, 2410 and 2710 mm).

Standard sizes window openings (GOST 23166-99), window units and balcony doors are presented in an expanded size range: height values ​​​​are added - 580 and 1320 mm, widths - 2370 and 2670 mm without specification, they will be installed in residential or public buildings.

In panel houses standard window of two wings, it should also have a width) of 1300x1400 mm, and of three wings - a height of 1400 mm, and a width of the wings of 2070 or 2050 mm.

Window sizes are also standardized for five-story houses of the Khrushchev period. For a window of two wings with a narrow window sill, a size of 1300x1350 mm is used, of three wings - 2040x1350 mm, and with wide window sill- 1450x1500 and 2040x1500 mm.

How to calculate window openings?

Thus, in order to choose the number and size of window openings for a building under construction country house you can perform the following sequence of actions:
- by the area of ​​​​the room we calculate the area of ​​\u200b\u200bglazing windows (divided by 8);
- we determine the height of the windows from the dimensional standard range (we take into account the architectural appearance of the house, its harmonious aesthetic appearance);
- by dividing the glazing area by the height of the window glass, we obtain the total width of the glazing;
- we calculate the number of windows for the widths of the standard row that suit you by dividing the total glazing width by the selected width of the glass of the window block (we round the resulting value up if we get a fractional number);
- choose the width that suits our preferences the most.

The result is no worse than the requirements of SNiP, since the result was rounded up.

Example

Let's take a room with an area of ​​40 sq.m - the glazing area should be at least 5 sq.m. With a window height of 1460 mm (glass height - 1210 mm), the total length of the glazing will be 4132 mm, which is equivalent to 4 windows with a width of 1320 mm (glass width 1170 mm) or three windows with a width of 1770 mm (glass width 1520 mm).

When determining the dimensions of window openings, add 15 mm to the dimensions of the window blocks on each side to fit on mounting foam and add 50 mm in height for the same purpose plus for installing a window sill.

Final remarks

It must be borne in mind that when building an individual country house, there are no such strict restrictions as in mass construction. Modern firms (there are a lot of them on the market), producing and installing double-glazed windows, are able to produce window blocks any sizes. But if you implement the recommended sizes of window openings (SNiP P-A862), then the conditions for natural lighting of the premises will be met, and the choice of sizes according to GOST allows you to save costs compared to ordering individual window blocks.

Therefore, in any case, it is useful to know and use the calculations of illumination according to the method of requirements for construction, as well as the provisions of the current GOST standards for standardizing window and door structures to choose the right size of window openings, for example, for building a country house.

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Often a person who decides to build his own a private house, is faced with the problem of choice - what size to make window openings in the dwelling and how many of them should be. Of course, in our time it is easy to order frames of any size, but this is an extra waste. Wouldn't it be better to follow the standard window sizes and purchase ready-made frames that will fit perfectly and at the same time will cost much less? It is on the generally accepted dimensions of windows for various buildings that you should pay attention today. And not only general information will help in this, but also the norms established by GOST.

Standard window with one opening sash

Why you need to comply with standard window sizes - some clarifications

Let's start with the fact that these standards do not drive anyone into a strict framework. Everyone is free to make openings such as, in his opinion, will be convenient for him personally. But at the same time, it should be understood that the size of the window, the standard of its width and height are based on numerous studies and are designed to provide optimal natural lighting of the premises, as well as the convenience of its location.

Concerning apartment buildings, then knowledge of standard sizes can also help here. After all, if you measure the frame and order just such new products, they will be small and the installers will have to tinker with the installation. That is why, when determining the value, all more people they do not measure the dimensions themselves, but invite specialists who subsequently mount new glazing. But, if one of the respected readers has already encountered this issue, most often when calling the company for the installation of double-glazed windows, the specialist only specifies the type apartment building and the designation of the premises where the replacement will take place. This information is enough for him to determine the standard sizes of window openings.

The aspect of the cost of custom windows, touched upon earlier, also plays a very important role. important role. After all, it's not a secret for anyone that in the construction of your own private house in our time, the financial costs are significant. Therefore, cheaper standard windows will be more profitable than custom-made frames and double-glazed windows according to their own sizes and peculiar shapes.

But the windows of apartment buildings also have their differences. After all, if you take Stalin-era houses, then these are high ceilings that require and bigger size openings. The complete opposite are the buildings, popularly called "Khrushchev". Let's try to understand what the standards are and how they have changed over time.

Dimensions of window openings according to GOST - changes in standards

Nowadays, compliance with the requirements of GOST for the size of openings is not mandatory. And yet it is worth paying attention to them. After all, unreasonably large windows can reduce the strength of the structure, and this is unacceptable in any construction. There are sanitary rules and norms (SanPiN) that regulate the illumination of premises. Unreasonably small openings reduce the illumination of the room, which entails not only visual impairment, but also other backfire for the body.

For general information consider a table of window size standards adopted in different years:

Thus, when replacing in standard apartment buildings, no need to check windows size. GOST during construction was strictly observed. As for private houses, self measurements seldom taken into account by installers who value their reputation. Even if the homeowner names the dimensions of the glazing frames when ordering, usually the craftsmen themselves come to the place to take their own measurements.

Height from floor to top of window opening

For any type of building, be it an apartment building or a private dwelling, it is usually used standard height window. When building your own housing, you can use larger openings and at the same time not go beyond the standards established by GOST. To do this, you can take the height of the openings for the houses of the "Stalinist" buildings. With such dimensions, natural lighting of the room will be more than enough.

Of course, if the homeowner intends to install unusual glazing (shaped or panoramic), no one will forbid it. It all depends on the financial capabilities of the customer. After all, a huge glass opening from floor to ceiling (and possibly with a built-in glass door) will look very aesthetically pleasing, if not chic. But it is worth repeating - the cost of such a design will be quite impressive.

Important advice! If almost any work can be done independently, then the installation of modern double-glazed windows should be entrusted to professionals. Various settings for handles, hinges, and the rather high cost of glass make installation quite difficult. This does not apply to home craftsmen with experience in similar work.

As for the height of the window from the floors in private houses, it can vary in the range from 0 to 900 mm, depending on the purpose of the room. We will dwell on more accurate data a little later.

Window width standards are a pretty important parameter.

Here it makes sense to pay attention to the fact that the standard window width in apartment buildings cannot be changed, because. outer wall is a carrier, which means that no one will allow to increase the opening. But in private houses, during construction, it is worth paying special attention to this parameter.

Important! Irrational and thoughtlessly increased width of window openings reduces the strength of the structure, and therefore creates a risk of collapse. This must be remembered when designing a home.

Many people want to have a full-wall panoramic window in a private house. But when designing such a structure, it is necessary to have engineering knowledge. In the absence of such, you will have to contact a specialist. After all, some racks are needed to strengthen such a stained-glass window.

Separately, it is worth paying attention to the option of increasing the width of the opening in some houses, popularly referred to as "Brezhnev". For example, in four room apartment it becomes possible to combine the glazing of the kitchen and living room. In this case, the central glass is usually tinted. This is done so that the wall separating these two rooms is not visible from the street behind it. Of course, it is not a carrier, but still there is additional strength from it.

Optimum height from floors to window sills in apartments and private houses

Here it is worth paying attention to the functionality of the room. In private houses, different window sill heights are allowed for different rooms. Eg:

• Living room- for a larger view, it is allowed to lower the window sill. Often a height of 40 cm is taken as the standard, but you can do without it altogether by making glazing from the floor.
• Kitchen. Here the height of the window sill is commensurate with the surface dining table, which means that the most acceptable distance from the floor is 90 cm;
• Storage rooms and bathroom. It is allowed to install windows not lower than 120 cm, because a similar height is enough for diffused daylight.

But this is all that is indicated in GOST, which in our time is practically not observed. Therefore, in private houses, everyone makes openings according to their size, and in apartment buildings, the height of window sills in all rooms is the same and equal to 80-90 cm.

The width of the window sill of a plastic window, as well as structures made of other materials, depends on the thickness of the walls and the options for installing heating radiators. Therefore, there are no specific standards for this parameter in our time.

Windows of different types - their sizes and some characteristics

Now the range of material from which windows are made is quite large. But the most common are:

• Wooden windows- the most common. The cheapest and at the same time natural material;
• Plastic- more expensive. Nowadays, they are becoming more and more popular, which is not surprising. Their service life when properly installed is quite large;
• Aluminum profile windows. Similar products quite in demand due to thin frames and large glasses. For a panoramic window, this is the most best option. In addition, they are light in weight.

It makes sense to consider some of the types in more detail.

What are the standard sizes of plastic windows and their approximate cost

For wooden houses the dimensions of plastic windows are similar to those produced for multi-apartment buildings. But this is if we take the standards. Naturally, custom-made frames can be made according to any drawings. But more on that below.

The standard dimensions of a window opening for a plastic window are 1300x1200 mm. If we take, for example, the living room, then there is already a slightly different width. Then such a window will have dimensions - 1300x2040. But still, there is an error in the region of 100 mm, and therefore the exact size standard cannot be called.

The price dependence on the size of a standard plastic window is the most direct. Anyone understands that the larger the frame, the higher the cost. Is there a big difference? If we take the above dimensions, then the difference in price between them will be about 5000 rubles.

Of course, the standard dimensions of PVC windows, or rather their width and height, are prescribed in GOST, but where exactly to look for this and how to be guided during construction or design needs to be clarified. The fact is that each of the norms provided for by this document has its own number. Knowing the numerical designation of the rule, it will not be difficult to find it, which means you do not have to shovel a mountain of documentation. For example, on this topic, you need to look for GOST 30674-99 - the standard size of PVC windows.

Although plastic windows and are a fairly popular type of glazing, they are rather difficult to install. The point is that in addition to correct installation a special setting is required. And the slightest errors during installation, which are not immediately visible, will make themselves felt after a couple of years. And this, you see, is quite unpleasant. It is for this reason that in construction stores windows like this are almost impossible to find. They bring in firms that are engaged in installation and debugging.

Another disadvantage of such structures is the need to replace the sealing gum every 2-4 years. At the same time, their service life depends on the settings of the fittings. For this reason, when building a private house or cottage and planning the installation of a similar design there, openings should be made to the PVC window size standard. The meaning of this is that if it is necessary to replace them, the generally accepted dimensions will cost a smaller amount.

Related article:

Wooden windows: size standards and nuances of choice

Undoubtedly, the classic will never go out of style. And wooden windows have long been a classic. There are reasons for this. First, it's a habit. After all, earlier in the apartments there was no other material. And if the frames were made of aluminum, then this was done exclusively for industrial stained-glass windows.

The standard size of a wooden window is a fairly wide range. It is generally accepted that there is no specific figure in this case. And in general, now wooden windows for sale are unlikely to be found. Making them is easy. That is why you can independently measure the window opening, order the design on almost any furniture production and install it manually.

Important advice! When installing a wooden frame, you must use a laser or conventional level. It is also important enough experience with mounting foam. Otherwise, there is a risk of frame distortion.

The dimensions of wooden windows with one sash can be 400-870 mm in width and 400-1470 in height. If there are three wings, then the size range is as follows: width - 1770-2070 mm, and height - 1170-1470.

Related article:

In this review, we will consider, as well as what materials are best to use. This is not a complicated process, which allows you to save about half of the heat spent.

Metal-plastic windows, their features and differences from plastic

Windows and doors made of metal-plastic in our time are quite common, which is not surprising. And although by appearance they are very difficult to distinguish from PVC structures, they have a number of undeniable advantages. The main of them can be called great durability and strength. They are not afraid of temperature changes. If a PVC window can lead in the sun, melloplast is not at risk. Worth noting are the various design solutions that can be implemented in them.

Important information! If a window or door is made in the form of an arch or other rounded figure, this is precisely a metal-plastic construction.

Of particular importance is the question of how to choose the right windows from metal-plastic. After all, its cost is somewhat higher than other materials, and therefore no one wants to make a mistake. The main thing is the manufacturer. It is worth choosing the one about which there is more positive information. This can be helped both by reviews on the Internet and the advice of friends who have already installed similar designs.

No matter how patriotic it may sound, but best quality have foreign-made products. As for Russian manufacturers, then often recycled materials are used as a material for manufacturing to reduce costs. And this is unacceptable in the production of such structures and adversely affects specifications and their service life.

Skylights - dimensions and materials of manufacture

Enough interesting view windows made (mainly) from laminated timber. We offer to look at several examples of similar structures and compare their cost. All roof frames listed in the table below have single glazing filled with argon.

Make and model	Control element	Size, cm	Manufacturer country	price, rub.
FAKRO FTS-V U2 "Standard"	Bottom handle	55x78	Poland	7500
VELUX, GZR 3050B "OPTIMA Standard"	Bottom handle	78x98	Denmark	14000
VELUX, GLR 3073B TIS OPTIMA Comfort "Universal"	Handles top and bottom	78x140	Denmark	24600
VELUX, PREMIUM, GGU 0070 "Classic"	top handle	78x160	Denmark	43000
FAKRO FTT U8 Thermo	Bottom handle	78x118	Poland	95000
VELUX (Velyuks), GGL 307021 INTEGRA® - MK10	Remote control	78x160	Denmark	89100

As you can see, the cost of such structures is quite high. What about sizing standards? skylights, so far they are not available.

Important advice! If you plan to install a similar design, then it makes sense to purchase a window before cutting through the opening. Otherwise, it may happen that the required sizes are simply not available for sale.

Tri-leaf windows - dimensions and materials

The size of a standard tricuspid window has already been mentioned in our article. The only thing to add is the lack of precision in such standards. Any window can be adjusted to GOST standards only approximately, and there are no clear distinctions for that. Most manufacturers of such products are foreign firms. And the standards of Russian norms and rules do not converge with foreign ones.

During construction, it is worth adding 10 cm to the edges of a window or doorway. Still, it is easier to add a beam along the edge than to increase the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe future window.

Private house and apartment - differences in window standards

As already mentioned, the standards for such structures as windows and doors are a very vague concept. The only thing that is really important is that the dimensions of the window itself should be 20-30 cm smaller than the window opening in width and height. Otherwise, their installation becomes more difficult. It turns out that the standard sizes of windows for a private house are those that are convenient (without compromising the strength of the structure). The largest window openings are made for stained-glass windows. The interior of such structures greatly benefits. It is only important that this does not go to the detriment of strength, but this point is already entirely on the conscience of the designer. In order to make it clearer how such solutions look in the interior, we suggest viewing a small gallery of photos of stained glass windows in private houses.

The dimensions of window openings in a private house are most often made larger than in apartments. The reason for this is the desire of a person to get as much natural sunlight and enjoy the views from the window. It's not very comfortable to sit on a chair in front of a small window, isn't it? It is much more pleasant to sit away from him on a sofa or armchair with a cup of hot coffee. Especially if pacifying large flakes of snow fall outside the window.

There are quite interesting solution for situations like this. Below we present a photo large windows in private houses. They also receive a sufficient amount of sunlight. Well, watching nature through them, although not as pleasant as through stained-glass windows, is also quite comfortable.

Surely it became clear to everyone that the dimensions of the window openings in a private house would be exactly what the homeowner wants to see them. Well, if the house is already purchased in ready-made, it is quite possible to underestimate the window sill or try to expand the window itself. The work is laborious, but quite doable.

Important advice! If it is decided to expand window openings, it is necessary to do this without fanaticism. Remember about safety and structural strength. IN last resort, if there is no certainty that the wall will stand after the alteration, it makes sense to simply remove the window sill by making a window “to the floor”. In this case, there is no risk to the building. After all, the main danger for the walls is precisely the expansion of the window.

Changing the window size in wooden houses

Wooden houses are good because it is quite easy to underestimate or completely remove the window sill in them. To do this, you need to dismantle old frame and beat off the plaster (if any) slightly wider than the window to the floor. Beforehand, it makes sense to measure the future opening and order or purchase a frame that will be installed. Further, with the help of gasoline or electric saw, it is necessary to cut logs or timber on both sides to the floor. It also makes sense to fasten the logs or beams together (bottom-up) with a metal tire on nails or screws.

Window sizes in panel houses - are they subject to change

Unfortunately, it is unlikely that you will be able to change the size of the window in Khrushchev. Perhaps it will be possible to agree on documents for such work, but only to reduce. And no one needs such actions. It will not be possible to increase the window opening. After all, this will be a design change bearing wall, which is unacceptable in such buildings.

And yet, you can update the interior and slightly increase the size of standard windows in a panel house. The trick is to install instead of plastic or wooden frames aluminum frame. But this option, although it visually expands the window, is only suitable for warm regions. The fact is that the thermal insulation of this type of frame is quite low.

Can be glazed panoramic windows PVC balcony or loggia, pre-insulated walls, floor and ceiling. This will allow you to dismantle the window and the door to the balcony, expand the living area and create the appearance of increasing the standard window of the panel house.

Important information! It will not be possible to sell an apartment in this form. To do this, you will have to restore the frame and the door to the loggia. For this reason, it is necessary to think carefully before starting this work.

Windows in brick houses - what features do they have

In fact, the sizes of windows in brick and panel houses are no different. The only thing that can be noted is the width of the window sill. Such houses most often have fairly thick walls. With standard window sizes in brick houses, the width of their window sills can reach 50-60 cm.

If we consider the dismantling option described just above, then for such buildings it is more appropriate. The reason for this is precisely the width of the window sill. With proper interior planning, it can serve as desk or a bookshelf stand. You can even break a small oasis on it. Just imagine how wonderful a green island will look in the middle of the room.

At the same time, the size of the brick "Khrushchev" window visually increases, which also cannot but rejoice.

How to arrange windows in a private house or cottage

How many windows should be in the house, their size and location require a clear calculation. There are a few rules about this topic.

Important! When designing a residential building, it should be understood that the living room, like the kitchen, should be located on the sunny side, while on the other side you can place a bedroom, pantries, a bathroom and a toilet, as well as a relaxation room and, for example, a billiard room. Regarding the latter, many may doubt the correctness of such reasoning. But everything is simple. There is not enough natural light for the billiard room. According to SanPiN, powerful lamps should be located above the table. That is why the sun does not play a special role here.

The number of windows, as well as their width, must be calculated by craftsmen with engineering skills. It is up to the designer to decide how to calculate the window size in wooden house. Well, the height of the opening is up to the owner to decide.

As for the location of windows in private houses, usually the living room and kitchen have the largest number of them. Natural lighting is also important in the children's room. Doesn't hurt and a large number of windows on . They can be installed without any harm to the supporting structures. The only thing that can become a limitation for home master in this case, it is the cost of such windows. Otherwise, there are no restrictions.

Finally

Summing up today's conversation, I would like to recall the following. Natural sunlight is essential for normal well-being. After all, being at work in the office or in the workshop, a person constantly puts his vision to the test. Fluorescent lamps, which are installed in most rooms, adversely affect not only vision. According to research, the inner layer of such lighting devices, which converts ultraviolet light into light visible to our eyes, is not able to contain all UV rays. And they not only spoil the eyesight. Also, such lighting causes depression, poor sleep, fatigue and nervousness.

For this reason, being at home, a person should give rest to his eyes, and to the body as a whole. And there is nothing better than natural light for this. It is necessary to increase the number and size of window openings (of course, without fanaticism) as much as possible.

It is worth recalling the quality of the material for the windows. After all, a lot depends on this. It is clear that the cost of branded products will be higher than lower-quality counterparts, but still it is worth considering how much a person is able to save and at what cost. It is unlikely that health is a commodity that can be exchanged for money.

With this we will end today's topic. We hope that the information was somehow useful. If you still have questions, ask them in the discussions below. Site specialists will always come to the rescue. Perhaps other readers will be able to answer your questions.

The primary purpose of windows in buildings and structures of any type is to transmit light for natural light. But windows also provide ventilation of the premises, perform a number of other functions. Let's try to figure out how the sizes of window openings in construction are regulated. Is it possible to set arbitrary sizes of windows when constructing, for example, a country house?

How is the area of ​​window openings calculated?

In the construction of various types of buildings, building codes and rules are applied that regulate the size of window openings and windows, depending on many factors. The decisive among them is KEO - the coefficient of natural illumination. But many other factors are also taken into account: the dimensions and purpose of the building, geographical location, lighting characteristics and the number of glasses in a double-glazed window, etc. percentage), which is determined by the formula given in the document. The SNiP defines the normalized KEO values ​​in the premises of typical public and residential buildings geographically located in the band from 45 ° to 60 ° north latitude. This value takes into account that glass cleaning in windows is mandatory twice a year for buildings in areas with low dust and pollution, and 4 times for rooms in areas with noticeable emissions of dust and combustion products. If the building is located south of 45° north latitude, a factor of 0.75 should be applied to the KEO value, and if the building is located north of 60° north latitude - 1.2.

The calculation formulas have their own coefficients for the cases of using several glasses in double-glazed windows, with different distances between the glasses, as well as with different glass designs in windows (frosted, curly, etc.).
If it is difficult to set different coefficients, then there is a simplified formula for residential premises: the area of ​​​​window glazing should be at least 8 times less than the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room. This formula gives approximate, but quite close to the calculated results.

Standard sizes

But there are standard sizes of window openings specified by state standards for residential and public buildings. These dimensions are chosen optimal for mass construction. They take into account many factors, including the external aesthetic appearance of the building as an architectural structure.

GOSTs take into account not only the dimensions of window and door openings, but also the design features of their execution. In addition, the dimensions of openings, canvases and the design of balcony doors have been standardized. There are GOST 24699-81, GOST 24700-81 and GOST 11214-86, which impose restrictions on the choice of wooden windows and balcony doors for public and residential buildings in the design with double-glazed windows and glass, with double-glazed windows and double glazing, respectively.

List of standard sizes

In particular, standardized sizes of windows and balcony doors of residential buildings are provided for in height (860, 1460 and 2175 mm) and width (570, 720, 870, 1170, 1320, 1470, 1770 or 2070 mm). For public buildings, a different size range is standardized for windows and doors of balconies (height - 1160, 1760 or 2060, 2375 or 2575 mm, width - 870, 1170, 1320, 1470 mm). The size range of openings for these structures is also defined: in residential buildings (height 910, 1520 and 2210, width 610, 780, 910, 1210, 1380, 1510, 1810, 2110 mm) and public (height 1210, 1810, 2110, 2410 and 2810, width 910, 1210, 1380, 1510, 1810, 2110, 2410 and 2710 mm).

Standard sizes of window openings (GOST 23166-99), window blocks and balcony doors are presented in an expanded size range: height values ​​​​are added - 580 and 1320 mm, widths - 2370 and 2670 mm without specification, they will be installed in residential or public buildings .

In panel houses, a standard window of two sashes should have dimensions (height and width) of 1300x1400 mm, and of three sashes - a height of 1400 mm, and a width of sashes of 2070 or 2050 mm.

Window sizes are also standardized for five-story houses of the Khrushchev period. For a window of two wings with a narrow window sill, the size is 1300x1350 mm, for three wings - 2040x1350 mm, and for a wide window sill - 1450x1500 and 2040x1500 mm.

How to calculate window openings?

Thus, in order to choose the number and size of window openings for a country house under construction, you can perform the following sequence of actions:
- by the area of ​​​​the room we calculate the area of ​​\u200b\u200bglazing windows (divided by 8);
- we determine the height of the windows from the dimensional standard range (we take into account the architectural appearance of the house, its harmonious aesthetic appearance);
- by dividing the glazing area by the height of the window glass, we obtain the total width of the glazing;
- we calculate the number of windows for the widths of the standard row that suit you by dividing the total glazing width by the selected width of the glass of the window block (we round the resulting value up if we get a fractional number);
- choose the width that suits our preferences the most.

The result is no worse than the requirements of SNiP, since the result was rounded up.

Example

Let's take a room with an area of ​​40 sq.m - the glazing area should be at least 5 sq.m. With a window height of 1460 mm (glass height - 1210 mm), the total length of the glazing will be 4132 mm, which is equivalent to 4 windows with a width of 1320 mm (glass width 1170 mm) or three windows with a width of 1770 mm (glass width 1520 mm).

When determining the dimensions of window openings, 15 mm should be added to the dimensions of the window blocks on each side for landing on mounting foam and 50 mm should be added in height for the same purpose, plus for installing a window sill.

Final remarks

It must be borne in mind that when building an individual country house, there are no such strict restrictions as in mass construction. Modern firms (there are a great many of them on the market), producing and installing double-glazed windows, are able to produce window blocks of any size. But if you implement the recommended sizes of window openings (SNiP P-A862), then the conditions for natural lighting of the premises will be met, and the choice of sizes according to GOST allows you to save costs compared to ordering individual window blocks.

Therefore, in any case, it is useful to know and use illumination calculations according to the method of building requirements, as well as the provisions of the current GOST standards for standardizing window and door structures in order to choose the right size of window openings, for example, for building a country house.

"Windows are the eyes of the house." This is what a wise man once said, hinting to the young mistress that the windows should be clean. But this article will go far beyond detergents for windows, but about their size.

What are standard dimensions for a private house and for an apartment? And what mistakes to avoid when measuring windows?

Standard window size for living quarters

The window is one of the most important things that affect the appearance of the building. Because of this, they are chosen in such a way that they look natural on the facade. Working with windows: manufacturing, installation, adjustment, we recommend that the specialists of the company Windows Expert (https://okna.expert/)

In a private house

window opening standards exist to regulate light in private homes and beyond.

The characteristics of window openings are based on what the room is intended for, but also provides for:

Based on building codes, we calculate window standards. In addition, they are designed for cleaning twice a year, and for areas with poor ecology - 4 times a year.

Now they also provide the number of glasses in the package and the distance between them - for each customer, the refractive index of the beam will not be calculated, and the illumination will decrease.

If we take single-leaf windows, then their usual width and height vary from 470X470 mm to 1470X870 mm. Naturally, it all depends on the dimensions of the opening.

Let's deal with two- and three-leaf windows. Windows with two sashes vary from 570X1170 mm to 1470X1470 mm. Window opening with three sections vary from 1170X1770 mm to 1470X2070.

Do you know how to make plastic slopes for windows with your own hands? Details are in this article.

In the apartment

Now let's deal with the standards of windows in an apartment building. Everybody is here depends on the type of house:

How to choose?

Don't rely on standard sizes because they don't exist- the thickness of the walls and the height of the openings in all houses are different, respectively, and the standards are different.

It is necessary to invite a measurer who will correctly measure the measurements, that is, the height and width. However, preliminary measurements calculate approximate cost ready-made design, you can make it yourself.

In rooms where residents and their guests will be staying for a long period of time, the ratio of windows to room area should be 1:8.

If the window is the only one in the room - place it in the center long wall and higher- in this case, the light will fall evenly throughout the room and flow evenly. The upper slope should not be created too far from the ceiling.

The search for the optimal size and shape for the window must be approached wisely and take into account several features. One of these is the degree of illumination. In order to be good, and most importantly, to correctly plan the size of the openings, the following rules must be observed:

1. The most comfortable for a person is such lighting, in which the width of the windows is at least 55% of the width of the entire room.
2. According to the rules, the smallest illumination is achieved on the condition that the glazing area is not less than 10-12.5% ​​of the total area of ​​the room.

The most ideal proportions are considered to be a rectangle with a width with a ratio of width and height of 80X130 cm. Such windows are easy to use, and do not create an unnecessary load on the fittings.

Norms according to GOST

For the standards of window openings, there is a regulation of the State Standard number 11214-86. This standard also defines the dimensions for balcony doors. According to this GOST, the width of the windows varies 870 - 2670 mm, height 1160 - 2060.

The table below will introduce you to standard sizes windows according to GOST.

normal window width calculated according to the purpose of the building, for each room and space, its location and dimensions, since the level of natural sunlight, depending on the geographical location, determines the degree of illumination.

Standard frames manufactured according to GOST because it is important for windows to provide the necessary amount of daylight in the house.

Thus, the dimensions for a two- and three-leaf window made in accordance with GOST should be 1300X1400 mm and 2050X1400 mm.

On the value of these characteristics influenced by the following factors:

• area of ​​the premises;
• the required degree of illumination;
• architectural features of the building and the premises itself.

Based on generally accepted norms, the window area comes from the area of ​​the room, and the size of the house. What affects the size of the opening? First of all, on the glazing of the window, how many sashes and the shape itself.

As you can see, the choice of window sizes is a rather laborious task. It is necessary to prevent damage to the frame and materials. The best way out is to hire a measurer, to do everything professionally. It is better to overpay, but then enjoy well-placed and not crooked windows than to suffer with sizes.

Watch this video about optimal sizes window opening: