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What is a Buleryan stove, how does it work and how much does it cost now?

Many people have seen the Buleryan metal stove, but not everyone knows what it is, how it works and why it has such an outlandish appearance. I decided to correct this annoying misunderstanding and then we will analyze in detail the structure of the stove and the principle of its operation. And for those who are planning to buy such a unit, an overview of prices and advice on do-it-yourself operation will be given.

Features of Bullerjan stoves

Such stoves are often called improved modern potbelly stoves. This is only partly true, because from their predecessors they only took a metal body and a chimney,

A few words about the history of creation

It is believed that Bullerjan was designed by Canadian lumberjacks while they whiled away long evenings in their winter quarters in the forest, but this is just a beautiful legend invented to increase sales.

In fact, the design was created by American inventor Eric Darnell in 1975. This happened in Vermont, right on the border with Canada. The stove was made for the home and the first production copies were actually released in Canada under the “Free Flow” brand.

Around 1982, German businessman Erhard Knofler, traveling in Canada, saw the stove and agreed with Darnell to buy the rights to it. After this the German registers trademark Bullerjan and under it begins to mass produce such stoves.

How the design works

The operating principle here is based on the elementary laws of physics:

• The furnace body is welded from curved pipes with a diameter of about 50 mm;
• The lower part of such a pipe is located near the floor, and the upper part rises above the stove;
• Cold air is sucked in from below and, passing through the pipes, is heated to a temperature of 100–150 ºС.

The more such pipes are welded, the higher the productivity of the furnace will be. In addition, the pipes can be connected to ventilation and several rooms can be heated with one stove at the same time.

In part, this design can be compared with a long-burning pyrolysis solid fuel boiler. The fact is that inside, in addition to the firebox itself, there is also a chamber in which the gases burn out, as a result, the efficiency of the furnace increases significantly.

It is estimated that in the presence of good fuel, the efficiency of such a design can reach up to 80%, which is still a record for autonomous metal furnaces without turbocharging.

Buleryan is positioned as a stove that runs exclusively on wood, but this is more of a recommendation; if you add coal to it, it will work even more efficiently, however, with regular coal “attacks,” the metal of the firebox will quickly burn out.

The temperature in the firebox and the combustion chamber of gases is regulated by two dampers, one of which is installed on the door, and the second on the chimney.

The oven can operate in 2 modes:

1. Fast heating- this is when all the dampers open and the oven is brought to maximum heating. As a result, in a matter of minutes the temperature of the air leaving the upper pipes reaches 150ºС, which allows you to heat the room in a maximum of an hour;
2. Stable gasification- when the required maximum in the room is reached, the oven is switched to stable gasification mode. To do this, the firebox is completely filled with dry wood, and the dampers are partially closed. In gasification mode, Buleryan produces a temperature of 60–80 ºС.

Such a stove is well suited for a summer residence, in addition, now there are models designed specifically for a bathhouse with a water circuit, because heating with a sauna heater is much lower in efficiency; with Buleryan in a steam room you can bring the temperature to maximum in less than an hour.

Brief overview of prices

If we talk about real German Bullerjan stoves, then the price starts at 50 thousand rubles, and the cost of elite models reaches a quarter of a million. However, there is an excellent way out of this situation; our enterprising people copied the operating principle of Bullerjan and launched a whole line of stoves on the market under the Breneran brand.

Believe me, if you cover the logo, you won’t be able to distinguish a German “potbelly stove” from its domestic counterpart, plus the quality of our devices is no worse than the German one, and most importantly, the price starts from 12,600 rubles.

The cost of furnaces varies depending on the volume of the room in which the unit is planned to be installed, as well as on the availability of side options, for example, such as hob or water circuit. The prices in the article are current in the summer of 2017.

Photo	Characteristics of the domestic analogue of Bullerjan
	AOT-06. The most popular model, designed for 100 m³, welded from steel and costs 14,100 rubles. Exactly the same model, but without a glass insert in the doors costs 12,600 rubles. Volume 200 m³ - 19,350 rubles; Volume 400 m³ - 24,300 rubles; Volume 600 m³ - RUB 36,350; Volume 1000 m³ - 44,850 rub.
	AOT-06 with frying surface. A model designed for a room of 100 m³ with one burner costs 17,250 rubles, for a volume of 120 m³ with two burners costs 18,750 rubles.
	Furnace with water circuit "Aquaten" from Breneran. Aquaten 100 m³ - 18,900 rubles; Aquaten 200 m³ - RUB 27,900; Aquaten 400 m³ - RUB 32,350; Aquaten 600 m³ - RUB 54,450; Aquaten 1000 m³ - 65,850 rub.
	Sauna heater. This model has a lattice on top into which stones are placed. The price for it usually fluctuates around 14,300 rubles.

When choosing, first of all look at the thickness of the metal of the furnace; no self-respecting manufacturer will put iron thinner than 5 mm on a body of a similar design.

• For this kind of construction, it is best to install chimneys from insulated sandwich pipes; they are made of smooth stainless steel, so they will have to be cleaned much less often;
• If we talk about the disadvantages of Bullerjan and its analogues, then there are only 2 of them: firstly, it is undesirable to constantly heat the stove with coal, and secondly, you can get burned on any “potbelly stove”, so some kind of parapet around will definitely not be superfluous;
• The stove must be installed on an asbestos or some similar shield, and there must be at least 1 m of free space around the perimeter of the unit, this is in case a burning log falls out of the firebox;
• Theoretically, you can put any kind of firewood into the stove, but if you constantly burn with freshly cut raw wood, especially coniferous species, then once a month you will have to clean both the stove itself and the chimney.

Conclusion

The Bullerjan stove and its analogues are truly a very convenient and efficient “potbelly stove”; from the models described above, you will certainly be able to choose the right one for you. The video in this article gives a practical overview of the operation of such a unit. If you have any questions, feel free to knock in the comments, I will be glad to help.

The leadership in the manufacture of the Buleryan stove, or as it is also called, Breneran, belongs to Canadian heating engineers, who were tasked with developing an effective small-sized design for heating temporary housing for teams of lumberjacks. The technical specifications were embodied in a solid fuel unit, vaguely reminiscent of the familiar potbelly stove. Due to the improved combustion chamber and the use of forced convection, specialists were able to increase efficiency and reduce the time required to warm up the coldest room. Today, such solid fuel stoves are mass-produced, and the lineup any manufacturer includes up to a dozen units that differ from each other both in power and design. Since factory-made products often have a completely unaffordable price, we recommend making buleryan with your own hands.

Advantages and disadvantages of the Canadian stove

The specifics of using the Buleryan stove initially required compliance with several mandatory requirements, which subsequently made the unit famous throughout the world. The design of the heating device had to ensure:

1. Mobility. Since cutting down trees involves constant movement through the forest, the logger’s stove is constantly transported from one place to another, and from transport to room is carried by hand.
2. Compactness. The unit must have a configuration and dimensions that make it possible to install the device in small temporary buildings.
3. Safety. Since the operation of a buleryan involves installing a heating device directly in a residential area, its design must exclude the possibility of carbon monoxide leakage. This was made possible due to the sealed working chamber and the decision in favor of a single-door design. Another important plus is that the configuration of the body prevents the body of the furnace from accidentally touching the hot metal.
4. Performance. Using forced convection makes it possible to warm up a room in record time. This condition is met thanks to a system of channels that accelerate air exchange.
5. Possibility of long-term work. Configuration working area and the design of the blower allows the buleryan to work for several hours on one load of fuel, and firewood, bark, wood chips, shavings, etc. can be used as fuel.
   It is not recommended to heat the stove with coal, because due to high temperature When this fuel burns, the metal of the body overheats and becomes deformed. As a result, the geometry of the device is distorted, the combustion door does not close, and cracks in the places of welded joints.
   

   It is quite easy to circumvent the manufacturers' ban on the use of high-temperature fuel. To do this, it is enough to equip the lower part of the heat exchangers with a manifold and supply air using any blower. Accelerating heat transfer will reduce the temperature of the buleryan to a safe level.

6. Simplicity and reliability. When developing the design of the solid fuel unit, engineers took into account that it would be operated in places remote from civilization. To manufacture or repair a Canadian potbelly stove, no special equipment or expensive materials are required, and for a beginner to operate the stove, a little instruction is sufficient.

As you can see, the advantages of Buleryan were incorporated into the design at the design stage. Perhaps the developers had no idea that their brainchild would become so popular and would be used both in everyday life and in production. Of course, like any other design, a convection oven of this type is not without some disadvantages. First of all, the unit achieves its declared performance only when using absolutely dry firewood. When the fuel humidity is more than 10%, the released water vapor prevents the flow of air and reduces the combustion intensity, which leads to a decrease in efficiency. In addition, like any potbelly stove, the Buleryan does not retain heat at all - it is enough for the fuel to burn out and the temperature in the room begins to drop.

The disadvantages of the design include the fact that the operation of the stove assumes a gas-generating mode of operation, in which the wood smolders more than it burns. This process is accompanied by increased smoke formation, which leads to the release harmful substances and tar deposits in the smoke channel. Often the outer part of the chimney and nearby areas of the roof are covered with an oily substance, which does not add any attractiveness to the picture. It is also important that when installing a stove, additional requirements are put forward for thermal insulation and the height of the chimney, otherwise the efficiency of its operation will be reduced.

As you can see, the unit is not without its shortcomings, which both the developers and the owners honestly point out. Nevertheless, the numerous advantages of Buleryan have made this heater one of the most popular units on the market of compact solid fuel equipment.

Varieties with photos and geography of use of buleryan

In order to understand the difference between buleryan, breneran, buller, Butakov oven and other types convection ovens, let’s take a closer look at all the nuances. First of all, we note that “Buleryan” is a brand of the German company Bulerjan, which produces super-potbelly stoves. Furnaces of this type are often called more in a short word buller. “Breneran” are the same units, but produced by domestic factories under license. The furnace developed in Russia by Professor Butakov is very similar in operating principle to the original design, but has some differences:

• recessed convection heat exchangers;
• cubic body shape instead of cylindrical;
• the use of an ash pan and grate;
• flat platform at the top of the cabinet for heating food.

In fact, the use of a grate in a gas-generating unit is unnecessary, since intensive burning of wood is expected only in the first minutes after ignition. In addition, its purpose is unclear, given that it is located below the level of the blower. There are also doubts about the effectiveness of the platform for installing a pot or kettle. When entering operating mode, the temperature of the buleryan rarely reaches even 75 ° C, so it will take a lot of time to warm up the food.

Despite the fact that the heating device was originally designed as a stove with an air heat exchanger, some craftsmen loop convection channels by connecting them to a water heating system. The resulting aquabuller, of course, has the right to exist, but the feasibility of such a solution is questionable. Firstly, the heat capacity of air is 800 times less than that of water, so a furnace designed for convection will operate with reduced efficiency under liquid heat exchange conditions. Secondly, even if we take Breneran as a long-burning unit, this is also irrational, since there are more suitable specialized designs of solid fuel boilers that use pyrolysis. Despite this, aquabullers have found their place in the line of units, which are a modernized buleryan.

To retain heat from a potbelly stove longer, owners use various heat-storing devices that are installed on convection pipes. In addition, buleryans are often wrapped in brickwork, resulting in a kind of fireplace with openings for exit warm air On the sides. This option looks good country house. According to the owners, the symbiosis of the buller with brick stove allows you to keep the room warm for up to 8 hours, which is quite enough for comfortable living in the winter.

Despite the fact that the calorific furnace was originally developed for domestic use, currently buleryan is widely used in all areas of economic activity:

• for heating cottages and country houses, including wooden ones;
• in production workshops;
• for heating utility rooms;
• in garages and workshops;
• in baths and saunas;
• to maintain the required temperature in greenhouses;
• as heating units for country cafes and restaurants;
• for heating administrative buildings in rural areas, etc.

The classic buleryan stove is not suitable for heating tents.

When installing a buleryan, be sure to take into account the power and dimensions of the heating unit, since this determines whether the device can evenly heat the entire room. It is equally important to choose the right installation location Canadian oven, equip the chimney according to all the rules and ensure its regular maintenance.

Design features and principle of operation

When developing Brenaran, Canadian specialists used the long-known design of a long-burning convection boiler, called a calorific furnace. Thanks to the increase in the combustion door, it became possible to load not only chopped logs, but also parts of rhizomes, as well as large logs. The new form of the blower - in the form of a pipe embedded in the loading hatch - made it possible to abandon the two-door design. To regulate the amount of air required for fuel combustion, a throttle was installed inside the blower - a round rotary valve. The external throttle control lever allows, if necessary, to reduce or increase the air flow, thereby controlling the power of the buleryan.

The firebox of the heating unit is a metal cylinder, on both sides of which tubular metal heat exchangers, bent in the form of elbows, are embedded at equal intervals. Due to the fact that two-thirds of the diameter of the pipes are recessed into the body of the stove and are located in the combustion zone, the air receives up to 70% of the heat that is released when burning wood. The remaining kilocalories heat the body of the stove and are subsequently also spent on heating the room. Thanks to this distribution, the body of the buleryan usually heats up to only 60–65 °C, while the air that leaves the convection channels has a temperature of more than 100 °C. It must be said that it is the high heating rate that ensures the active suction of cold air masses in the lower part of the tubular heat exchangers and their release from the upper openings of the heater.

The combustion space inside the device is divided into three chambers. A metal under or removable grate is installed in the lower part of the furnace at a height of up to ¼ of the body diameter. You can do without these elements, but with them it will be easier to light the stove and remove ash. Under the arch of the firebox, at the same distance from the body as underneath, a perforated metal sheet is welded, which does not reach the loading hatch a quarter of the length of the buleryan. The upper chamber is designed for afterburning volatile compounds that are released when the unit operates in gas generator mode.

The combustion products are removed through a hole located in the afterburner chamber, on the side of the rear wall of the unit. A damper with a 90-degree sector cut out is mounted at the beginning of the smoke channel. In addition, around the damper (a metal plate that regulates chimney draft) there is a gap of at least 10–15% of the chimney diameter. This design makes it possible to set the correct traction and at the same time does not allow carbon monoxide get into the room, even if the smoke channel is completely blocked during intense gas formation.

Departs from the exit opening horizontal section chimney, designed to reduce the temperature of combustion products, and then an elbow is installed, which directs the pipe vertically. Here, “real” units manufactured by Bulerjan are equipped with a device for pyrolysis combustion of gases, called an economizer. The chimney must be high enough to obtain high-quality draft and insulated so as not to allow the combustion products to cool too much. If this requirement is not met, as well as when using fuel with a high moisture content, the temperature in the afterburning chamber will be reduced, as a result of which the content of tar and other unsafe carbon compounds in the flue gases will increase.

Drawings and diagrams of buleryan for making it yourself

Despite the fact that manufacturers keep the exact parameters and drawings of the convection ovens they produce secret, take measurements from finished product is not difficult. Thanks to passionate people, today we have almost full set project documentation. It must be said that when making a buleryan it is important to observe the ratio of the sizes of all parts of the unit, so you can adapt the drawings presented below as an example to your conditions.

Drawing of the buleryan door

What you need to make a Breneran type convection oven

In order to get a truly reliable and durable heating unit, it is made of thick metal. The best material considered to be heat-resistant boiler steel, which can be purchased at specialized offices. Before starting work, prepare:

• rolled steel sheets with a thickness of at least 5 mm, size 1000x2000 mm;
• sheet of heat-resistant steel 6 mm thick, 400 mm wide and 700 mm long;
• a small piece of steel sheet 3–4 mm thick for making valves;
• steel pipe Ø110 mm - 4 meters;
• round thick-walled pipe Ø57 mm or profile metal pipe with a thickness of 4 mm and dimensions of at least 60x60 mm - more than 10 m;
• steel tube Ø15 mm - 40 cm;
• rings for the door, cut from a pipe Ø350 mm;
• powerful loops for fastening the loading hatch;
• handle with a locking mechanism for the door;
• pieces of steel rod Ø8 mm for the manufacture of air and smoke damper levers;
• asbestos cord.

Often, thrifty owners use cylinders or metal barrels, however, the materials from which they are made are not always suitable for the needs that are going to be satisfied with the help of such a homemade product.

Tools and devices that will be needed in the process of making a Canadian stove:

• powerful pipe bender;
• welding machine;
• angle grinder (grinder);
• cutting and cleaning discs;
• electric drill and set of drills for working on metal;
• hammer;
• roulette.

If possible, then open it metal sheet better perform cutting torch or other special equipment. Firstly, this will save more than one cutting disc for an angle grinder, and secondly, after the gas cutter, the round body parts will only require a little grinding of the edges. If you use an angle grinder, you will need to put a lot of effort into turning the polygons cut out with it into circles.

Instructions for making a stove

When starting to build a calorific furnace, it is better to carry out the work step by step. This way, you will be able to avoid mistakes and miscalculations that may lead to the dismantling of welded parts and the need to remake ready-made components. Our instructions are written step by step and take into account the experience of manufacturing the unit by more than one craftsman, therefore, using the presented algorithm, you will be able to do the work not only quickly, but also efficiently.

1. The pipe intended for the manufacture of convection heat exchangers is cut into identical pieces 120–140 cm long (at least eight sections should be obtained), which are bent at an angle of 75–80 degrees using a pipe bending device. In this case, the radius of curvature should be 22–23 cm, and the discrepancy in the geometry of the parts should not exceed several millimeters.
2. WITH inside In the two resulting blanks, slots are made into which sections of 20-centimeter pipes Ø15 mm are installed at a slight angle to the heat exchangers so that at least 15 cm remains outside. After this, all the cracks are carefully sealed by welding. During installation, this pair of pipes is installed at the door, since they will provide air injection into the combustion zone.
3. The pipes are laid one on top of the other, alternately oriented in opposite directions. To make the structure stable, slats are used, the thickness of which is equal to the diameter of the pipes.

   In some cases, an assembly frame is mounted and each heat exchanger is welded. It is important that the protruding parts of the pipes are the same length. The result should be a furnace frame that consists of at least 4 heat exchangers installed on each side in a checkerboard pattern. In this case, the depth of the buleryan will be about 50 cm.

4. The parts of the furnace frame are welded together, after which the lower partition of the firebox is cut out from a steel sheet with a thickness of at least 5 mm. In order to reduce the time for fitting a metal part, a template is made from thick cardboard, and then its contours are transferred to the rolled metal.
5. The partition is installed in place, after which the places where it adjoins the convection pipes are welded with a continuous seam.
6. The gaps between the heat exchangers are also covered with steel strips, with each panel pre-fitted using a separate template.
7. The joints between the furnace body and the pipes are welded with a continuous seam, after which the slag is removed and the quality of the weld is checked.
8. Two similar shaped elements are cut out of a steel sheet, which will form the front and back walls of the furnace. To avoid time-consuming adjustments, during the work process they use the same method of obtaining the exact configuration of parts using cardboard templates.
9. IN back wall cut a hole Ø110 mm for installing a chimney, while in the front - an opening Ø350 mm for arranging a loading door.
10. A T-shaped structure is made from two sections of 110 mm pipe, designed to remove combustion products and collect condensate. Its lower part is covered with a round steel flange, which is secured using M8 threaded studs welded to the pipe. To remove condensate, a threaded pipe Ø15 mm is cut into the flange, onto which a 1/2˝ ball valve is installed.
11. A round valve with a diameter of 90–95 mm is made from a steel plate 4 mm thick, in which a rectangular sector is cut out. By bending a piece of Ø8 mm rod at an angle of 90°, a gate axis with a rotary lever is formed.
12. Using an electric drill with a Ø8.5 mm drill, install the rod in the center of the smoke channel, after which the damper itself is welded to it. After this, the T-shaped chimney assembly is mounted by welding on the rear wall of the stove.
13. A blower is made in a similar way. To do this, take a 100 mm piece of pipe Ø60 mm into which a throttle is installed. Unlike a damper, the air damper must fit exactly internal size channel and cover it without gaps. To fix the throttle in the desired position, it is equipped with a spring mechanism.
14. A 40 mm wide ring cut from a 350 mm steel pipe is welded into the window of the front panel of the case.
15. From sheet metal cut out the front door with a diameter of 370 mm. In the lower third of the part, an opening is made into which the blower is welded.
16. In order to ensure a tight fit of the door to the combustion window, a gas seal is installed on it. This unit is made from two steel strips 4 mm wide or pipe sections Ø350 mm, for which they are cut crosswise. After this, a part 50 mm long is cut from the circumference of one part, and this section is welded to the other. One of the rings should fit freely into the loading opening, while the other should be installed on top of it with a small gap. The parts are welded to the door, ensuring precise centering of all elements. After this, the gap between the rings is filled with asbestos cord packing - it will serve as a sealing element of the structure.
17. To prevent the door from heating up during operation of the furnace, a reflective screen made of sheet metal is mounted on it on the firebox side. In this case, it is important to ensure an air gap of at least 3 mm and free access of air from the blower to the combustion zone.
18. Hinges and a locking mechanism are welded to the loading hatch. By the way, a tight door seal can be achieved by installing an eccentric bolt, the design of which is illustrated below.
19. The front wall of the buleryan is welded in the same way as the rear panel, after which a hatch and a fixing device bracket are mounted on it.
20. To supply additional air to the afterburning zone, the front wall of the furnace body is equipped with an injection device. Making this unit is not difficult, and its design can be seen in the bottom photo.
21. Legs and stands are welded to the bottom of the potbelly stove in the front and rear parts so that the distance from the edge of the heat exchangers to the floor is at least 200 mm.
22. Buleryan is connected to the chimney, after which the heating unit is ignited and tested.

It is important to maintain precision and accuracy in your work, so it is better to take several measurements each time, work slowly, clean welds and metal edges with a grinding wheel, etc. Don’t forget about safety precautions. It is best to work in the fresh air or in a well-ventilated area, be sure to use protective clothing, safety glasses and gloves.

After testing and installing the unit on permanent place its body is painted with special heat-resistant paint. This will add aesthetics to the potbelly stove and protect the metal from corrosion.

Refinement and modernization of the heating device

The design of the Canadian stove is designed to heat one room, since walls and partitions create a barrier to heated air flows. The installation of a metal unit in residential premises greatly affects the aesthetic value of the interior, and the need to throw firewood in the middle of the night so as not to freeze in the morning can hardly be called comfortable operation. Numerous owners of calorific furnaces are trying to solve these and other disadvantages of buleryan. And, I must say, not without success.

Distributing heat throughout the rooms of the house

To heat the whole house with buleryan, and not just one room, they connect to the heat exchangers of the unit corrugated pipes, which lead through the wall of the room, and the opening is ennobled with the help of a decorative grille. Certainly, ideal option This is the case when this type of heating is considered at the building design stage. Then special channels are provided in the walls of all rooms to supply warm air. Nevertheless, even in a house built a long time ago, such a scheme can be implemented if you install a calorific furnace in the basement and run air ducts through the floor of each room on the floor. This fulfills the requirement for heat supply at the lower level and ensures ease of maintenance of the unit.

Air heating of every room in the building will require a slight improvement in the design of the buller. First of all, this concerns the air supply - natural inflow will not be enough, therefore, on the bottom side of the unit, collectors are installed on each row of heat exchangers, which will ensure the distribution of air coming from duct fans. The same collectors are installed at the outlet of each group of air ducts. They will mix air masses coming from sections of the unit with different temperatures. Insulated corrugated pipes are connected to the output manifold, through which heat will be distributed to each room. Since the air temperature at the outlet of the heater reaches 120 °C, when laying pipes through ceilings and partitions, the conditions provided for the installation of chimneys must be observed.

Improving the appearance of the unit using brick or stone masonry

If you cover the Canadian unit with brick, you can simultaneously solve several problems:

• increase the aesthetic value of the stove in the interior;
• ensure safety during operation of the unit;
• increase the thermal capacity of the structure.

A buleryan stylized as a fireplace or Russian stove looks especially advantageous, and if in addition to this the front door is equipped with tempered heat-resistant glass, then such a unit can create a unique atmosphere of comfort and home warmth, while also performing the main function of heating square meters.

If you decide to decorate the Buleryan yourself using bricks, for example, for a bath room, then keep in mind that if the height of the loading hatch is less than 40 cm from the floor, it will be inconvenient to heat the stove, and in addition, the design of the structure will suffer. The masonry should be as close as possible to the furnace body, and the gaps between the brick and the furnace must be filled with broken bricks, which are laid on the mortar. Remember - the masonry will act as a heat accumulator, so how long the stove will remain warm depends on its solidity. We remind you that during operation you must ensure that the inlet and outlet openings of the heat exchangers are outside the “fireplace” and that no construction waste gets into the pipes. It is best to cover the heat exchange channels with a rag at this time.

Converting a potbelly stove for liquid fuel

Despite the fact that the Breneran was originally designed as a wood-burning stove, it can be converted to run on diesel fuel or on cheaper fuel - waste motor oil. Of course, this heating method is not suitable for a living space, but for long-term heating a garage or utility room is fine.

To transfer Buleryan for testing you will need:

• place an oil container on a slight elevation;
• extend the liquid fuel supply hose to the unit;
• cut a hole in the combustion door for the tube to which the fuel supply control valve is connected.

When using used oil, it is important to ensure good traction and correctly regulate the fuel supply. Sometimes, instead of a homemade dropper, a factory burner specially designed for this type of fuel is installed on the hatch. Unlike a home-made device, an industrial nozzle ensures more complete combustion of waste.

Water circuit installation

As noted earlier, inquisitive minds have more than once modified the classic Buleryan to work in a liquid heating system. At the early stages, DIYers tried to loop all the heat exchangers into one circuit. The result was a coil, through which water circulated thanks to the use centrifugal pump. Later, a scheme was proposed that was similar to the previously described design for upgrading the unit to distribute air flow throughout all rooms in the house. The upper and lower sections of the heat exchangers were welded into cylindrical collectors, connecting the lower element to the return line, and the upper element to the supply pipeline. Thus, it became possible to install the unit not only in heating systems with forced supply of coolant, but also when using natural circulation of liquid. By the way, the disadvantage of buleryan, associated with the impossibility of working on high-temperature fuel such as coal, is eliminated by itself - thanks to its high heat capacity, water does an excellent job of cooling the walls of the unit.

As for making buleryan “from scratch,” the process is even simpler. Instead of making the frame from heat exchanger pipes, the furnace body is made entirely of sheet steel, resulting in a unit with the correct cylindrical. On top, the structure is wrapped in another cylinder, which serves as a water jacket. Since the lower part of the potbelly stove heats up weakly, the stove must be moved downwards relative to the casing. In order to make the most of all the heat, some craftsmen manage to install a water circuit at the exit of the smoke channel. In the photographs you can see all the nuances of the described metamorphoses.

If we take into account that in the vertical channel at the output of the buleryan there should be pyrolysis combustion exhaust gases, cooling this section of the chimney contradicts the very principle of operation of the stove, and therefore is hardly correct.

Correct operation and maintenance of the oven

To quickly light the stove, use finely chopped dry firewood, under which paper or cardboard is placed. After the wood is ignited, the main portion of fuel is added to the buleryan. It must be said that thick logs up to 40 cm long are ideal for this unit - they will give off heat for several hours. You should not warm up the stove for more than 20–30 minutes with the damper fully open - Breneran is designed to smolder fuel, so a large fire will simply carry the lion's share of the thermal energy into the chimney. In addition, a red-hot stove may warp or one of the welds may come apart.

After the wood has completely ignited, the stove is switched to gasification mode, for which the gate and throttle are closed. The operation of the unit in gas generator mode is indicated by a small flame under the roof of the fuel chamber, which accompanies the combustion process of the released gases.

The efficiency of the unit depends on how dry the firewood is. Therefore, it is recommended to dry the fuel before loading. By the way, for this you can use the heat of the melted stove itself if you place another armful of firewood on the heat exchange pipes.

Smoke filling the room when a potbelly stove is lit indicates one of the following errors:

• insufficient chimney height. Excellent traction characteristics will be provided by a pipe with a height of at least 5 m, and its upper cut must be located above the roof;
• the gate valve is closed;
• deposits of condensate and soot narrowed the smoke channel so much that normal removal of combustion products became impossible. They need to be removed.

Contamination of the furnace during operation is manifested not only in deterioration of draft. Deposits on the gate prevent its normal closure, and a layer of soot on the internal surfaces of the heating unit significantly impairs heat transfer.

In order to clean buleryan, several methods are used, one of which involves burning out resins and soot. Experts do not recommend burning the unit, since this involves heating the stove and chimney to too high a temperature. In addition, the process is often accompanied by uncontrolled ignition and the release of burning residues onto the roof.

It is best to clean the boiler and chimney using old-fashioned methods, using metal brushes and scrapers. Dirt and oily deposits are removed from the chimney by first removing the flange at its bottom. Inner surface The combustion chamber can be brought into proper shape using a small paint spatula or chisel.

Remember that if regular use of the Buleryan requires cleaning the chimney more than twice a year, it means optimal mode oven operation is not achieved. To ensure efficient operation of the unit, experiment with the position of the dampers, determining the position in which the fuel will burn completely.

Is it possible to warm yourself with one log for a week? Of course you can! In any case, according to a humorous legend, Canadian Jews came up with the Buleryan long-burning stove for this purpose. Buller stoves, invented in Canada, allow you to heat a room using a small amount of fuel, which allows you to achieve maximum efficiency at minimal cost, this explains their popularity around the world, including the CIS countries.

Design and operating features of Buleryan stoves

This metal structure, with an open firebox, compact, and similar to a drum, inside of which there is a large number of hollow tubes. Tubes in Buleryan stove designs necessary for continuous, forced convection, which helps to quickly warm up the room. High efficiency (more than 80%) is ensured by complete use of fuel, thanks to complete combustion ejectors, where gases rising from the lower loading chamber are completely burned. In general, the operating principle of the furnace is comparable to the operating principle of a gas generator. It must be taken into account that Buleryan stoves have high aerodynamic resistance, which requires careful consideration of the installation of the chimney.

Design and principle of operation of Buleryanov.

How to heat and where to install a Buleryan stove

The Buller stove can be heated with any type of fuel, with the exception of coal (coking and stone), gas and flammable liquids. Wood, pellets, peat, cardboard and other paper waste are burned in buleryans with maximum and long-lasting heat output. The oven warms up a room in less than 30 minutes and is capable of maintaining comfortable temperature till 12 o'clock.

Installation of the Buleryan stove

These devices can be installed in any room; they are suitable for heating:

• country houses (cottages, dachas, small boarding houses and hotels);
• outbuildings (garages, workshops, etc.);
• greenhouses, winter gardens, greenhouses;
• various agricultural buildings (grains, farms, hangars).

They take up little space, do not require cleaning and special care, since due to complete combustion of fuel, there is simply nothing to clean.

Installation rules:

• Fire safety rules must be observed - installing the stove close to the wall is not allowed! The size of the distance to the wall is selected depending on the material from which the wall is made. If the wall is made of wood and is not plastered, the device must be placed at a distance of at least 1 m. Distance to brick wall- 30 cm.
• The base for buleryan must also be non-flammable. It could be like brickwork as well as a metal structure made of square or round pipes.
• To prevent burning coals from falling onto the floor, metal sheets are mounted on the floor in front of the firebox.

Reasons for the popularity of stoves

• ease of installation and maintenance;
• versatility of use: they can be installed in any type of residential, warehouse, work premises;
• complete energy independence: the furnace can be heated with any suitable type of fuel, without resorting to the use of gas, petrochemicals, or electricity;
• ability to maintain up to 12 hours optimal temperature on one fuel tab;
• a large selection of modifications, allowing you to purchase a device with the power required for a specific room;
• unpretentiousness to the type of fuel;
• The stoves have passed the necessary certification at the Fire Safety Research Institute under the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs.

Disadvantages of Buleryan stoves

• When using Buleryan stoves, due to the open combustion chamber, the air humidity in the room is sharply reduced. This can have a negative impact on the well-being of people prone to colds, so it makes sense to purchase a humidifier.
• They cannot be used to cook food, they are only intended for heating rooms, so you need to think about an appropriate appliance for your culinary needs.
• Chimney pipes must be insulated; there are even special heat-resistant double pipes with cotton insulation. If this is neglected, the likelihood of a fire increases sharply.

Price of Buleryan stoves (Buller)

From my own experience I know that even the simplest purchase heating stove can cause a serious blow to the budget of an ordinary person. Having studied the many available stove designs, I decided to give preference to Buleryan. A homemade modification of a well-known foreign heating stove has taken root perfectly in my garage.

Do-it-yourself Buleryan stove - drawings and assembly diagram

First, I prepared everything I needed to assemble the buleryan with my own hands. First of all, I took out from the pantry a drill with a set of drills for all occasions, a grinder with discs from the kit, a welding machine, clamps and other small things.

I had to tinker with the materials. In order for the Buleryan to be truly reliable and of high quality, I decided to make it from heat-resistant boiler steel. This material is capable of providing truly long-lasting and reliable operation heating unit. Find the material mentioned in your personal household or buy it in a specialized store.

I also used 4mm thick steel sheet. A sheet measuring 100x200 cm was enough for me. Additionally, I needed a little (40x70 cm) 6 mm steel sheet, about 4 meters of pipe with a diameter of 11 cm, about 10 m of profiled pipe measuring 57x4 mm. In addition, I bought handles, hinges and latches for arranging the doors, prepared pieces of 35-centimeter pipe and, in general, several metal blanks just in case.

Homemade buleryan: a detailed guide

First I bent the 57mm pipe. To do this, I used a special tool - a pipe bender. I cut the pipe to 120 cm, and then bent it with a 225 mm radius.

As a result, I ended up with 8 pipes. According to the design of the buleryan, I installed 4 pipes on each side, arranging them staggered. As a result, the depth of the heating unit was 45.6 cm.

Then I made a "T" bend. I will then install it behind the Buleryan. This design will simultaneously remove smoke and collect condensation. Test it at the end. If everything is done correctly, the smoke will go up, and the condensed moisture will flow down.

A crane was installed underneath. A very convenient thing. As condensation accumulates, simply turn the tap and all the moisture will go away. I tried to keep the tap constantly open, but it’s better not to do this - unnecessary draft appears.

A damper was installed in the outlet to regulate the draft, as well as the intensity of combustion in the buleryan.

I fixed a similar, but already blind, damper on the vent of the entrance door.

To attach the dampers, I attached a spring to their axis. It presses the valves in the pipe more tightly and better secures them in the desired position. In general, the dampers “move” 90 degrees.

I took a 350x4 pipe and cut two 4-centimeter pieces from it. I cut one piece and stretched it, turning it outward. I inserted a shredder measuring 4x4 cm into the gap. As a result, I got 2 rings with diameters of 35 and about 36 cm. That is, one ring should fit calmly but tightly into the second.

The second ring is on the front wall of the buleryan.

I welded the rings into the places allocated for them. I took the larger one for the door. I made a third ring from the tavern - the inner ring for the door. As a result, it stuck inside the ring on the stove door and its wall. I sealed the gap between the rings on the door with asbestos cord.

The door should close as tightly as possible - this is necessary for normal gas generation. Of course, convection pipes can also cope well with this, however, after testing the design a lot, I realized that it is the tight door in combination with the dosed and controlled air supply that makes gas generation more efficient. Therefore, it is better to spend a little more time and properly seal the door.

A heat shield was welded to the door using spacers. Then I welded a corner to the screen. Thanks to the corner, a more uniform air distribution will be ensured. Additionally, the corner will not allow firewood to pass into the lid during closing.

After that, I made slits in the first pair of pipes and inserted injection tubes there. I used tubes with a diameter of 1.4 cm. The length was 15 cm. In my opinion, this is the most best option. The installed tubes will be in constant communication with the firebox through convection pipes, thereby ensuring combustion.

Then I welded the frame from steel pipes. Don't forget: you inserted the injection tubes into the first pipes. The following pipes are on their own.

Then I made a partition from a thick (I think it was about 6 mm) sheet of metal. If possible, use the thickest metal possible. It will get very hot in the combustion compartment and, if it is not thick enough, will burn out extremely quickly. It is best to make a partition according to a pattern - it’s more convenient. Make the pattern itself from thick cardboard to size.

I'm assembling the skeleton of the stove. Installed a partition

Then I welded the space between the convection pipes. I also used patterns. First I made them from thick cardboard, and then cut them out of heat-resistant metal.

Made a castle. The design is simple: the eccentric is grabbed by a hinge attached to the wall of the oven, and while turning it presses the door against the body.

Making such a castle yourself is not very easy, but it is possible. You have to use a router and lathe. The design itself, as I already said, is extremely simple. At the same time, the lock is very effective.

I made the loops from cutters. You can use any suitable similar blank.

Then I mounted the air injector to the top of the front face of the case. In fact, it allows you to further regulate the combustion in the firebox of a homemade buleryan. The injector will open and close by turning the hole in the tubes.

I welded the legs to the buleryan.

I installed the chimney and loaded a test batch of firewood.

Buleryan flooded. Everything went great.

At this point the stove is ready. I’ll say in advance: in practice everything is a little more difficult than in words. But you can get a stove with an efficiency of 75-80% at minimal financial costs. Such a buleryan will be able to heat almost any space - from a barn to a living room.

After using this stove for a while, I decided to improve it. If you want, you can do the same as me.

The design features of the stove in question are such that it can initially distribute oxygen efficiently and evenly within itself. The tubes at the bottom draw in cold oxygen, and the heated air is discharged from those installed at the top. If desired, you can provide forced oxygen circulation.

I took tubes of a suitable diameter and welded adapters from them to the holes of the stove pipe located below. I plugged the adapter at one end.

The other side was connected to the fan.

I decided to use “snail” fan models. To ensure their operation, in my case, a 90-watt motor at 2800 rpm was enough.

The results are excellent - after modification, Buleryan began to work even more efficiently.

I’m also thinking about connecting a corrugated cable to the upper outputs and routing them different directions- you will get a full-fledged heating system.

You can customize the instructions in your own way. I will be happy to read your suggestions and maybe even put something into practice.

My instructions will help you assemble a reliable, efficient, durable and productive stove with your own hands.

Blueprints

Progressive humanity has already come up with dozens of types of solid fuel stoves and boilers of the most different designs. They differ in size, power, design, appearance and many other parameters and characteristics. But in addition to the entire fleet of stoves, another relative novelty has appeared - this is the Buleryan stove, originally from cold Canada.

Let's see what this stove is, how it is designed and how it works. At the same time, we will test it on the question of pros and cons.

Disadvantages of Traditional Ovens

If you take a closer look at the Buleryan stove, it will become clear that this is the most ordinary pyrolysis potbelly stove, equipped with a productive convector. Traditional wood stoves have many disadvantages:

• Fast combustion of fuel;
• Low efficiency rate;
• Low heat generation.

Potbelly stoves have become extremely popular stoves where there is no gas main. They have a simple design, and folk craftsmen have learned to make them themselves, using old barrels, aluminum cans, gas cylinders and scraps of sheet metal. As a result, quite powerful heating units are born, delighting consumers with a large amount of heat.

The efficiency of a conventional potbelly stove rarely exceeds 80%. The thing is that most of the heat flies up the chimney. The surface area of ​​the stoves is not the largest, so thermal energy is poorly dissipated. To increase efficiency, potbelly stoves are lined with stone, fireclay bricks, and equipped with simple metal convectors. Thanks to this, they retain heat longer and transfer it better to heated rooms.

An ordinary potbelly stove, even with many improvements, will never be able to compare in efficiency and quality of heating the room with even the simplest Buleryan stove.

However, in cold climates, the classic potbelly stove looks far from the most suitable option for heating houses that are not connected to gas mains - slow heating and rapid combustion of firewood affect. The problem is partially solved with the help of pyrolysis combustion of fuel, which makes combustion longer and more efficient. But in order to quickly fill any building with heat, an alternative device was needed.

Buleryan stoves and their design

The solution to the problem came from Canada, a country known for its harsh climate. Truly Siberian frosts constantly reign there, but hardened Canadians do not mind the cold special attention. In addition, they invented the Buleryan stove - a wood-burning stove that allows you to warm up a large room or building in a matter of minutes. Today Buleryan has become famous all over the world. It is produced by many manufacturers, despite the presence of a patent from one German manufacturer.

The Buleryan stove is a unique combination of the advantages of a classic potbelly stove, pyrolysis combustion and a convection heater. The combination turned out to be simple and very effective. In fact, the developers added convection tubes to a regular potbelly stove and managed to make sure that the generated heat almost completely went into the air ducts and not into the chimney.

The Buleryan solid fuel stove consists of the following parts:

• Combustion chamber - its volume is approximately ¾ of the total internal volume. This is where the initial ignition of the fuel occurs when Buleryan is just starting up. And here the generation of pyrolysis products takes place;
• Afterburner chamber – in terms of volume, it occupies approximately ¼ of the internal space. Here, under the influence of draft, pyrolysis products enter, which ignite and burn to form a high-temperature flame;
• Injectors - small tubes through which atmospheric air enters the afterburning chamber, are necessary for burning pyrolysis products;
• Convection pipes - the Buleryan stove is a powerful convector, and convection is formed due to thick metal pipes. Interior these pipes come into direct contact with burning wood and flames. Due to the large contact area, they select a huge amount of heat, sending it into the premises in the form of powerful convection currents;
• Regulators - these include a slide valve and a throttle on the loading door. Thanks to them, the pyrolysis reaction is maintained in a Buleryan-type furnace - the control elements limit the draft and oxygen supply. At the same time, they are responsible for the intensity of combustion and maintaining a particular temperature;
• The chimney is the simplest part, often equipped with a container to collect condensate. Combustion products are removed through the chimney.

The design of the Buleryan stove is really very simple. Its most important part is the firebox, formed by convection pipes. Most of their area is open to heat, which ensures high efficiency of the unit.

The principle of Buleryan’s work is incredibly simple and is well illustrated by this picture.

Buleryan is a potbelly stove from Canada, from a country with a cold climate. This means that it has high performance. Initially, such stoves were used by lumberjacks to heat their houses - a comfortable atmosphere in them was achieved due to powerful convection generated by a large amount of heat. Thanks to the simplest scheme, Buleryan can be made independently, using auxiliary tools. But let's see how this oven works.

Operating principle of the furnace

Next we will look at the operating principle of Buleryan. Traditional stoves burn wood in a direct way - a flame rages inside the firebox, giving off thermal energy through the body into the surrounding space. Moreover, a wild amount of heat simply flies into the atmosphere - their chimneys are red-hot. As for Buleryan, he works differently, using a gas generation process.

A very interesting experiment was published in school physics textbooks - they placed sawdust, on the other side of the flask they made an outlet tube. The flask was installed above the burner, the pyrolysis process began inside it - the wood, exposed to heat, began to release flammable gases. These gases escaped through the outlet tube, and when a match was placed, a steady flame appeared here.

Firewood has a good calorific value, especially if it is dry enough - every extra percentage of moisture will impede combustion and lead to the formation of condensation. But their calorific value can be increased using the pyrolysis reaction - it is this principle of operation that is implemented in the Buleryan furnace. It has a large combustion chamber, ensures the generation of pyrolysis products and effectively warms up the premises.

The Canadian potbelly stove called Buleryan works as follows:

• Logs are loaded into its firebox and lit in the traditional way;
• After the entire loaded fuel has been engulfed in flames, the supply of oxygen to the Buleryan furnace is limited;
• The pyrolysis process begins - its products enter the afterburning chamber, mix with secondary air and ignite;
• The heat generated from the smoldering and combustion of wood, as well as from the combustion of pyrolysis products, is sent to the air heat exchanger.

This is where the fun begins. The heat exchanger of the Buleryan furnace is an assembly of large diameter pipes. They start at the very floor, cover the combustion chamber in a semicircle and end at the top. Moreover, they intersect at the bottom and top, forming a symmetrical teardrop-shaped firebox. In fact, the air heat exchanger of the Buleryan stove is its body.

To ensure the tightness of the combustion chamber, the heat exchanger pipes are welded together with small pieces of sheet iron.

The heat release of the stove is so great that with a properly constructed chimney, Buleryan will be able to heat not only the room in which he is located, but also the room through which only the chimney pipe passes.

The resulting heat exchanger is the heart of the Buleryan stove. Thanks to him, she received her high efficiency. Hot gases give off thermal energy into curved pipes, which play the role of a very ordinary convector. Due to their rounded shape and maximum area of ​​contact with the heat source, they create powerful convection - each pipe passes a huge amount of air through itself, quickly warming up residential and non-residential buildings.

Long burning fuel

Just a few tubes covering the combustion chamber, and we have a Buleryan long-burning stove. It has a very large firebox, so a large amount of fuel can easily be loaded here. One load is enough for several hours of operation, which depends on the power of the unit. Having correctly selected the power for the area, you will lay firewood a maximum of 2-3 times a day, without burdening yourself with unnecessary worries.

Long-term combustion in the Buleryan furnace is ensured not only by the large combustion chamber, but also by the use of a gas generator operating circuit. When the flow of oxygen into the firebox is limited, the firewood begins to smolder, and this process is lengthy. The released pyrolysis gases gradually burn in the upper afterburning chamber, providing support for a certain combustion intensity - you can adjust it with a gate valve and a throttle.

Thanks to the long burning of wood in the Buleryan stove, users have the opportunity to get rid of the constant fuss with loading fuel. If a traditional stove with a small firebox requires new portions of logs every 2-3 hours, then in the case of the Buleryan stove this process will not seem laborious - at least 6-8 hours will pass between approaches for loading wood. This depends on the following factors:

• Volume of loaded logs;
• Burning intensity;
• Outside temperature;
• Wood moisture content.

By adjusting the clearance of the slide damper in the chimney of the Buleryan stove, you can influence the burning rate, focusing on your own temperature preferences and the weather outside.

Advantages and disadvantages

The Buleryan wood stove is a serious alternative to other solid fuel units - these are fireplace stoves, various potbelly stoves, homemade stoves and much more. It will provide maximum operational heating and will delight you with the absence of problems in operation - it flares up easily, is not capricious and does not make you wait long for heat to arrive. The scope of application is extremely wide, because you can buy and use a stove in the country, in the garage, in utility room. Buleryan for a home or country estate is also good and economical option heating

Let's look at the main positive features of the Buleryan stove:

There are many options for placing the stove in the house. With a little imagination, you can create a very cozy and pleasing place to relax.

• Rapid heat input due to intense convection – large diameter air heat exchanger pipes provide good performance. Warm-up time is from 20 minutes;
• Safety - due to powerful convection, the temperature of the Buleryan furnace body is low, burns from hot metal are excluded;
• Long burning – provides more convenient operation of the equipment. Instead of 7-8 approaches to laying fuel per day, 2-3 approaches will be required;
• Possibility of heating large areas - for this purpose, especially powerful Buleryan stoves are available for sale, with a capacity of up to several tens of kilowatts;
• Ease of modernization - any stove can be quickly converted into a Buleryan boiler, which is installed in a water heating system;
• There is no need for additional energy sources - they operate according to a non-volatile scheme;
• You don’t need a permit for installation - you have the right to install Buleryan stoves anywhere, without documentation;
• Affordable price - you can buy a Buleryan stove with a power of 10 kW for literally 7-9 thousand rubles.

There are also disadvantages:

• It is necessary to collect condensation - it is formed due to the high moisture content in the wood;
• Special requirements for the quality of firewood - the Canadian Buleryan stove does not burn well on wet wood;
• The need for regular cleaning of the chimney - it must be clean and not clogged;
• Bulkyness – Buleryan stoves are characterized by some bulkiness, especially characteristic of high-power models;
• Not always a pleasant design - some models are not distinguished by the most successful external data.

In general, Buleryan stoves are praised. They perform their function 100%, ensuring rapid heat injection into heated rooms. The operating time on one bookmark is on average 8 hours - this is already a solid plus.

The key drawback, in our opinion, is the lack of a normal design. Buleryan stoves are similar to industrial heating units or powerful boiler installations. There are nice small-sized samples on sale, but they are more expensive.

Modifications of Buleryans and their principles of operation

By covering Buleryan with brick, you will not only increase its efficiency, but also protect your household from possible burns in case of accidental contact with the stove.

Next we will look at two interesting modifications of the Buleryan stove. The first of them is aimed at working as part of water heating systems. The thing is that an air tubular heat exchanger can easily be converted into a water heat exchanger. By passing coolant through it, we will get a full-fledged Buleryan boiler, delighting consumers long burning and powerful heat dissipation.

Buleryan stoves with water heat exchangers are available for sale in the form of ready-made models. According to user reviews, they are highly efficient and quickly warm up the coolant in the heating system - it has an effect high performance systems. If you don’t have the money to buy a water modification, but you already have a Buleryan air stove, you can convert it to water.

Nothing prevents you from adapting the Buleryan stove to heat several rooms without installing water heating. This is done by organizing air ducts distributed throughout the rooms. For example, the stove can be mounted in a small room equipped with windows for air intake from below and air channels extending from above. If you want more serious performance, you should work with a convector:

• Connect the intake holes with one pipe and install a blower fan here;
• Connect the outlets with a similar pipe and direct air flows into the rooms.

The principle of operation of the Buleryan stove, built according to this scheme, will be extremely simple - the fan drives more cold air through pipes, as a result of which it heats up and, under some pressure, enters other rooms. This scheme is characterized by faster heat supply. By the way, air heating with air ducts is actively used in the United States of America.

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