What building level is the best. What levels of PC use exist. Bubble and magnetic

Regular measurement and scrupulous control are the basis of all areas of construction. If a perfect result is needed in finishing or repair, it is necessary to mark and check the geometry of the structures. A normal owner will not hang a shelf or install washing machine without measuring and control manipulations. They are carried out with the help of building levels used to comply with horizontal and vertical directions. These are devices and devices that differ in degree of complexity, cost, purpose. Home master should know which building level it is better that it is useful or may not be needed on the farm.

The ancestors of building levels were the spirit level and plumb line, which have been used by builders for marking and control since ancient times. A plumb line is used to determine the verticals, the spirit level - horizontals.

The principle of operation of old uncomplicated devices is closely connected with the law of universal gravitation. The most important element of the simplest devices is a heavy steel blank with a cone-shaped tip. Under the action of gravity, the metal part steadily tends downward, repeating the vertical line without the slightest error. Actually, the blank is a plumb line, which is tritely hung on a cord or fishing line, if you need to find or verify the vertical direction.

In the spirit level, the plumb line is attached to the top of an equilateral triangle or to the highest point of the structure, shaped like an inverted letter T. Its own weight causes the blank to rush down, thereby clearly denoting the vertical line. The device is applied with its base to the surface to be tested. If the plumb line of the spirit level is not located exactly in the middle, i.e. does not repeat the central axis, then the surface cannot be considered horizontal.,

All types of building levels used today in construction perform similar functions. They are used for marking structures before pouring the screed, leveling and plastering walls, before installing drywall and suspended ceilings. Marking and verification devices are necessary when plumbing, window systems are produced.

According to their functional purpose, representatives of the family of building levels are divided into two groups:

• Control devices. With their help, they check the quality of the masonry, the horizontality and verticality of the surfaces being constructed, mounted systems, communications, and devices. The control group includes bubble building levels, often referred to as spirit levels after their immediate predecessors.
• Devices used for marking. With their help position of points concerning horizontals with verticals is defined, contours of the created surfaces are drawn. This group includes the simplest water levels, plumb lines, and a more complex and high-precision category - laser devices.

There is no universal building level. For example, in markup, the bubble type is a very weak helper, although a number of models have rulers with a millimeter scale. Its purpose is to display deviations from the horizontal. There is only one working face, the other three are auxiliary: it makes no sense to apply them to any surfaces.

The primitive plumb line can be used for both stakeout and control, but only for vertical lines. Site marking is best done with a laser level. True, the cost makes you think about the feasibility of acquiring an expensive device for a single job.

An antediluvian water level is indispensable if you need to beat off points at the same height in rooms separated by partitions. Before buying these devices and accessories, you should carefully consider the intensity of use and the rationality of costs. You need to weigh what tools you need to purchase and what is cheaper to rent.

In any case, you need to know exactly how to choose a building level, and clearly understand the scope of its application.

Bubble building levels

In the name of a simple control device, in addition to the “bubble” definition, “alcohol” or “oil” may appear on equal grounds. Among the people, depending on the shape of the hull, they are called "box" or "rail". It is a bar or rail with built-in ampoules filled mainly with liquid, partly with air.

The case is most often metal, less often plastic, but there are still outdated wooden options. Among the case materials, metal is the priority, because. polymers are not heavy enough and resistant to deformation, and wood products need increased attention, regular monitoring of readings and scrupulous care.

Regardless of the name, the principle of operation of bubble levels is the same. It is based on the difference in the specific gravity of liquid and gas, as well as the inability of substances with different aggregate states to mix. Simply put, no matter what position the building level would take, a light bubble of air will invariably end up at the top of a vessel slightly curved in the same direction. If it is set exactly in the middle, then the surface is perfectly horizontal.

The volume of the bubble does not change, this is prevented by a hermetically sealed ampoule-flask. It will not disintegrate into several components, because the liquid will constantly push the air up and group its disparate molecules into a single formation. To be sure, shake a tightly sealed jar of water. The small bubbles that appeared in it will soon disappear, and the distance between the lid and the surface of the liquid will remain the same.

Functional classification

The number of mounted flasks determines the functionality of the building level model, because the devices:

• With one ampoule in the center of the working face to search for deviations in the horizontal direction;
• With two ampoules: a central flask for checking horizontal lines and a side flask for checking vertical planes and lines;
• With three ampoules, two of which, by analogy, are designed to check verticals and horizontals, and the third is used to control inclined lines and planes.

The third variety with three control flasks is universal. However, if the level is acquired only in order to qualitatively fill the screed or, there is no reasonable need for a third control device. It is in demand mainly in the construction of roofs and in the construction of stairs.

The sealed flask is filled with an alcohol or oil solution, the freezing point of which is significantly lower than that of ordinary water. Therefore, it became possible to work with a bubble building level at low temperatures. Solutions are tinted for clarity of perception. They are distinguished by less fluidity than water, due to which the air bubble in the flask moves with a agility sufficient for a calm visual fixation of its position.

Convenience and add-ons from manufacturers

The body of the building level is of the usual rectangular or tee section. The shape of the case does not affect the result of the readings at all, but it can be convenient or inconvenient for a particular human hand. Determining the ergonomics of a device is a purely personal matter, but it is advisable to carry out a crane before buying it. To test for convenience, you need to simply hold the tool in your hands, compare several options.

Among the options offered by manufacturers to facilitate work with the building level:

• A magnifying lens that allows you to read instrument readings without tension;
• The introduction of fluorescent components into the liquid to enable reading in low light conditions;
• Rubberized gripper holes for improved usability;
• Magnetic inserts on the edge applied to the tested surface for fixing on metal structures;
• Rulers that allow simultaneously with checking verticals with horizontals to control geometric parameters.

Models of building levels are available with and without the listed additions. Nevertheless, the size of the ampoules, the pleasant brightness of the liquid and the clarity of the scale are rightfully recognized as the main convenience.

Those who want to buy a level with useful options should think about the possibility of using them. They will certainly increase the price of the instrument. Is it reasonable to overpay for something that is absolutely not necessary to solve the tasks already set or only planned?

Accounting for application prospects

Rack-and-pinion control devices are now also available in electronic form, but the demand for conventional bubble ones has not fallen at all. Simplicity captivates. After all, it has been proven by practice that the simpler the device, the more reliable and longer it serves the owner.

A simple device is easier to learn, easy to maintain, and almost never requires costly repairs.

To perform a variety of control operations, levels are produced in lengths from 0.4 m to 2.5 m. Depending on the brand, the spread can be in both directions from the specified limits. Thinking about the question of which building level of the bubble group is better to choose for domestic needs, you need to focus on your own needs and real prospects.

Please note that devices:

• With a length of 2 m and more, they are designed to control the planes of ceilings and walls, to check the quality of screeds, leveling with plaster;
• Lengths in the range of 1 - 2m are used to check the evenness brickwork, geometric data of suspended and stretch ceilings;
• Lengths in the range of 0.4 - 1 m are suitable for arranging window and doorways, for installing and hanging a variety of household appliances, for performing various finishing and repair manipulations.

Do not forget that the place of storage of the building level with a length of more than 2m must be taken care of in advance. Remember that the error for long devices is much less than for short counterparts.

Noteworthy Aspects

It was not in vain that the simplicity of the design inspired vague thoughts about the possibility of serial production of fakes to the counterfeit sculptors. Checking the documents for products before purchasing will save you from offensive oversights and from buying "left" devices.

Products of domestic manufacturers must comply with the GOST 9416-83 protocol, devices from foreign manufacturers - with ISO 9001 regulations.

In addition to checking technical documents, the buyer of a bubble building level must:

• Thoroughly examine the condition of the main elements of the device - ampoules with liquid;
• Decide on the size of the devices and the color of the liquid;
• Inspect fasteners. On sale there are models whose flasks are fixed with adjusting screws. Whether they are needed or not is debatable. According to experts, the levels should not be adjusted independently. The result of the efforts of ignorant people is too doubtful.
• Investigate the clarity of the application of the metric scale and divisions of the protractor, if there is an ampoule to control the angular directions;
• Test ergonomics, i.e. hold in your hands;
• Check the condition of the hull.
• Check the accuracy of the readings.

Most specialty stores have stands with a perfectly horizontal surface.

Let's say you're buying a level from a newly opened outlet or online store. In such situations, the accuracy of the readings of the control device is checked as follows:

• Let's find a horizontal platform on which the tested level can freely fit. Without instrumental definitions, it should appear almost flat;
• We apply the tool to the surface. With a marker or pencil, we outline the contour of the corners so that the level can be put back in the same place.
• We fix and remember the position of the bubble. We note how much he deviated from the risks.
• We turn the level 180º and set it according to the marks made earlier.
• Fix the position of the bubble. If he took a similar position, there was no doubt about the accuracy of the instrument. If not, check a couple more devices.

The ampoule responsible for the verticals is checked by an identical method, but for vertical plane. Even among the people there is a way of applying two spirit levels to each other with working faces. The position of the bubbles according to this method must be the same, otherwise one of the devices is blatantly lying.

There are also tips according to which, to check the rack device, a horizontal line is beaten off with a water level or a laser level, the principle of operation of which should also be studied.

The simplest water level

The device consists of two flasks of equal volume, interconnected by a flexible thin hose. It is used in the marking of horizontal lines, if the layout needs to be done in different rooms or at large distances. Those. where the use of a laser level is impossible, unprofitable or pointless.

The principle of operation of an elementary device is based on the law of communicating vessels. The water level in both communicating vessels will always be at the same absolute mark, for fixing which there are risks on the flasks.

The use of a water device allows you to correctly beat off the horizontal lines, regardless of the actual position of the surfaces of the floor, ceiling, parapet, etc. No digital device has yet been able to replace it. Note that the reference horizon is beaten off by the water level, from which the heights indicated by the project are then deposited. With its help, they do not directly mark future planes formed by a suspended ceiling, lags or, installation points for plumbing fixtures, etc.

To mark the water level, we will invite an assistant, we will act as follows:

• On the wall we mark an arbitrary point at a distance from the floor, convenient for marking;
• We apply one of the flasks to the point, fix and remember at what mark the water level has been established;
• We send an assistant to the desired point. Moving his flask up/down along the wall, he must find a position in which the water level will be set at an equivalent level.

Significant advantages of the device: low cost, simple operation and accuracy. Disadvantages: the inability to break down at negative temperatures, limited use, the need to wait for the moment the level is established in both flasks.

Advanced laser devices

Buy a laser level for use in living conditions considered to be unprofitable. Why do you need a completely expensive device if the markup can be done using a water level and a ruler? However, for owners who have decided to seriously equip their country estates, a laser device will certainly come in handy. It will help to lay out open areas and indoor areas, ensure the accuracy of vertical and horizontal lines, and, if necessary, mark entire planes in the cultivated space.

A variety of models of laser devices are used in construction: from compact pocket devices with a built-in laser pointer to ultra-complex multiprism devices that allow marking in three mutually perpendicular planes.

The miniature version is ideal for everyday household needs and cosmetic repairs. To perform in-depth redevelopment, cardinal leveling of surfaces, laying pipelines, it is advisable to acquire a serious laser level that is installed in a stationary position on a tripod or on a wall bracket.

Most of the lasers used in construction only target verticals and horizontals. Some of the new modifications are equipped with the function of splitting inclined lines, which are required in the construction of stairs, for example. Instructions for use are simple, manufacturers attach a detailed description to the device. The optimal color of the laser beam is green, because. it does not irritate the eyes, and is also perfectly readable in a brightly lit room and in an open area in sunny weather.

Videos with a detailed explanation of how to correctly select the right device will help to finally clarify the issue.

Overview of bubble variety devices:

Bubble Level Accuracy Test:

Analysis of compact laser levels:

Let's summarize. The rack-type building level with bubble "sensors" is not used for marking. With its help, the horizon and verticals of structures under construction and restoration are checked. The breakdown of the premises and the construction site is carried out laser devices. If the laser is not available at a cost, marking is done with a good old plumb line paired with a water level. There is no universal device, each of them performs its own functions.

Carrying out repairs requires a large amount of different instruments, including marking and measuring. In order to perfectly evenly make a screed on the floor or plaster a wall, it is necessary to use a level. In this rating, we have included the best building levels that will help you complete all the work efficiently, quickly and comfortably.

Among professionals, products of European brands are popular, and for those who want to save money, products of domestic manufacturers are also suitable. The list of leaders in this field includes the following firms:

• Stabila– the history of the brand began in Germany in 1889, its specialization is the creation of a measuring tool for accurate, efficient and comfortable use by both beginners and professionals.
• bison is a leading Russian manufacturer of electric, gasoline, auto, painting and metalwork tools, thermal and welding equipment. The company has its own testing laboratory, a well-developed dealer network and numerous user services.
• matrix has been producing hand and power tools since 2003. The main office is located in Germany, the brand is well represented in Europe, Asia, America. Buyers are provided with a 1-2 year warranty for all goods.
• Kapro– the company has been on the market for more than 30 years, all its products comply with ISO9001, 14001 and SA8000 standards.
• Stanley- the tool of this company at the end of the 19th century began to be used at construction sites in the United States. The key to the success of the company is a flexible pricing policy, the use of advanced technologies and a good marketing plan.

Most building levels are available in the range of the international company Kapro.

Rating of the best building levels

The winners were determined based on the opinions of users, and the length of their experience with a particular tool was taken into account. The country of production and user complaints about the price and quality of the product, and ease of use were taken into account. Also an important point was the frequency of breakdowns, the availability of purchase and service.

The selection criteria were the following characteristics:

• Purpose;
• Product type (bubble, magnetic, digital, laser);
• Dimensions and weight of the tool;
• Design features;
• Build quality;
• Material (plastic or metal);
• Length;
• Accuracy of indications;
• Number of capsules;
• The presence of plugs on the ends;
• Additional amenities - magnetic overlay, backlight, liquid color.

The popularity of the product and the number of positive reviews about it also influenced the choice.

Best building levels

Only those products that are accurate, comfortable, simple and easy to use can be called so. They should not weigh too much (no more than 400-500 g). It is very important to have a handle inside and protective rubber pads. The rating included designs of bubble, water, digital, laser and magnetic types.

The best bubble building level

Stabila Type 30 cm- this is a good choice for those who need to mark the wall to level it due to its short length this option not very relevant. The spirit level is very light, weighing only 100 g, so it can be easily held over your head.

It is convenient that with its help it is possible to fix both horizontal and vertical deviations thanks to special ampoules, of which there are 2 pcs.

The profile is made of aluminum, smooth and non-slip. The reading accuracy is 0.5 mm/m. Although it is metal, it is not afraid of corrosion. A nice plus is the ability to store the tool in a suspended state due to the presence of a special hole in the case for this.

Advantages:

• Light weight;
• Thin;
• Smooth surface;
• German quality;
• Wear resistant.

Flaws:

• Short length;
• In contact with abrasive compounds, the paint may peel off;
• The price is above average.

Before choosing a particular option, you should familiarize yourself with the different types of levels and their advantages in more detail, you can do this in the following video:

The most reliable water tool

Bison "Master" 10 m long- this is a reliable hydraulic level, which has found application in laying bricks, pouring the foundation, creating a floor screed. The measurement is carried out only in the horizontal plane, it is also possible to use a tool for marking the surface.

The hose here is very thin (its diameter does not exceed 8 mm), and flexible, so it is convenient to work with it. To determine the readings on the ruler, there are two special plastic flasks with a five-point measurement scale.

Advantages:

• Does not pass water;
• You can fill in any water;
• Does not break;
• Reliable plugs;
• Several areas of application.

Flaws:

• Not very durable plastic flasks;
• Large weight when filled with water.

best laser building level

Matrix 1 line is a compact level that will facilitate the measurement process thanks to a special design with built-in diodes. It is powered by batteries, which can be simply replaced at the end of the charge. Alignment is carried out manually, by bubble levels.

The only drawback of this model is that its beam has only a horizontal direction. You should not expect too large a sweep angle here, it does not exceed 90 degrees. The body of the product is made of plastic, it is protected from dust ingress. The accuracy class is quite high - the second.

Advantages:

• Large range;
• Simple operation;
• Low error rate;
• Convenient to use;
• Does not require preparation for work.

Flaws:

• More expensive than other models in the ranking;
• Chinese production;
• Heavy (390 g).

The best digital (electronic) building level

Kapro 985D Digiman- one of the few models available in different sizes. Devices are available for sale in three lengths - 25 cm, 60 cm and 120 cm. The product is protected from shock, dust and moisture. It is convenient to use it due to the presence of handles-brackets, a backlit display and the possibility of turning the tool by 180º.

The building level is a tool that detects the slope of surfaces. Suitable for indoor and outdoor use.

How they work

The algorithm of operation of any of them is reduced to the choice of the installation point and the place for measuring the level. The remaining options depend on the particular type of tool and can be combined.

The building level helps:

1. Determine the verticality or horizontality of a given surface - in order to establish a further scope of work and its necessity.
2. To find out in which direction the tilt occurred, in some models its exact size is also available.
3. Set clear guidelines when marking surfaces - before installing frames or furniture.
4. Calculate the volume of materials - for this, the arithmetic mean of the levels of different points on the same surface is used.
5. Determine a single level in different rooms - often required when installing ceilings or windows.

In low-rise construction or apartment renovation, manual tool variations are more often used. These are devices without complex electronics that do not require special skills. Professionals use several types at the same time.

Types and functions of building levels

hydraulic levels

The functioning of this type of instrument is based on the law of physics about communicating vessels. Structurally, hydraulic levels are two flasks connected by a transparent tube.

Peculiarities:

• This is an accurate view of the levels, but it is important to keep the hose free of kinks and have good eyesight.
• Suitable for checking slopes simultaneously in different rooms.
• As a rule, they require pair work.

To bring the device into working condition, it is enough to fill it with water so that the upper meniscus of the liquid reaches the middle of both flasks, and no air bubbles remain in the tube.

Bubble building levels

Regardless of the size and design features, the principle of the device is the same. At least two flasks are built into the body of the level, where small air bubbles “float” in the liquid. Focusing on them, they check if there is a slope of the planes.

Peculiarities:

• The liquid in most cases will be technical alcohol. Allows you to measure with an accuracy of 1 mm / m - this is the industry standard.
• "Air" bubbles of solid acrylic suggest greater precision. Accuracy 0.5 mm/m.

Some models of bubble levels are equipped with flasks on a rotating base. This allows you to work with inclined planes. Profile shapes are in the form of a box, a trapezoid and with one measuring plane cast Shark (shark). Part of the tool is equipped with end elements that prevent breakage during falls.

Laser building levels

The convenience of this equipment lies in the non-contact use and in a large area of ​​marking coverage.

Peculiarities:

• The pendulum of devices is leveled after unlocking. It is desirable to set the base plane horizontally.
• Manufacturers offer an additional mounting tripod, but its dimensions are not enough for marking at a height. In this case, a bar is used, which is fixed between the floor and another horizontal surface. The platform on which the tool is installed moves along it.
• In bright light, the laser beam is not visible to the naked eye. To resolve the issue, glasses with glasses in the red color range are used.

Part of the laser levels produces static vertical and horizontal lines in a limited sector. Alternative option with the use of a dot running in a circle allows you to make markings simultaneously from all sides.

Magnetic building levels

Magnetic levels are visually indistinguishable from bubble levels. The difference is noticeable only on the lower ends. This option is equipped with magnets for easy work with metal surfaces.

Peculiarities:

• Bar magnets are more commonly used in polymer levels, in combination with a V-groove for ease of use on pipelines.
• Ceramic magnets or ferrites have been the industry standard in levels up until recent years.
• Rare earth - most aluminum models now come with this type of magnet. They are up to 10 times stronger than ceramic.

This type of level is more often used for work related to the installation of frames for drywall, as it is conveniently attached to ceiling and rack profiles, leaving hands free.

Optical building levels

An optical level or level is used on industrial facilities or when building houses. The kit includes a special tripod, without which the use of the instrument is unproductive. Installation comes down to mounting, focusing and centering.

Peculiarities:

• Centering is needed for point-to-point measurements. It is carried out using a construction plumb line attached to the bottom of the tripod.
• Focusing - the telescope is aimed at the rail, with the help of an adjusting screw, the clarity is adjusted. The eyepiece ring defines the reticle.

After adjustment, the height marks are taken. The collected data are summarized, their arithmetic mean is calculated. It will be the mark of the base from the horizon of the instrument.

Advantages

Each type has its own set of advantages:

• hydraulic levels . They support measurements in different rooms, when the initial level is hidden by partitions or heavy structures. This functionality is not available in other models.
• Bubble . Easy to install and use, light weight and dimensions. Possibility of use for measuring the level and at the same time checking the plane of the wall or floor.
• Magnetic . Do not require additional fixation when working with metal. They have a full set of advantages of bubble models.
• Laser . Supports simultaneous vertical and horizontal measurements. The coverage range is higher than any of the manual models. Automation of routine processes.
• Optical . Applicability in open spaces, in the construction of roads and large facilities. Functionality, saving time and labor costs. When measuring at a distance, the accuracy does not decrease.

Problems

Disadvantages and inconveniences also depend on the type of tool:

• Hydro. M obscure and difficult to use. The routine processes of filling, draining, unwinding and forcing out bubbles are time consuming. Not suitable for vertical planes.
• Bubble . Often goes astray, adjustment is often not available. Not suitable for work over long distances and areas. In adjacent rooms, the correct level cannot be determined.
• Magnetic . The same disadvantages as the bubble. Magnets often protrude from the plane of the rib - when measuring, fresh paint or putty can be damaged. Some models are less stable than bubble ones. Frequent failure of magnets is also a disadvantage.
• laser . Requires flat surface. The pendulum during transportation often fails. With distance, the diameter of the beam increases, which affects the accuracy. Plane measurements can only be made using optional accessories.
• Optic . Adjustment is time consuming and requires skill. For domestic purposes, the functionality is redundant - neither the time costs nor the costs are justified.

How to choose a building level

For most types of levels, accuracy will be the defining indicator, so checking its correctness is important.

bubble and magnetic

The same design also implies uniform methods for assessing the correctness of indications.

To check a horizontal flask, you need:

1. Place the tool on a flat surface.
2. Make two marks: at the end of the level and along - near the horizontal ampoule.
3. Note the position of the air bubble.
4. Turn the spirit level 180° and set in the same place according to the previously made marks.
5. Check the position of the air bubble. Any difference in its position before and after the level flip indicates that the instrument is inaccurate.
6. Repeat the test even if the readings match.

To check the vertical bulb, set the level to door frame or a flat wall, further actions - by analogy with horizontal measurements.

Hydro

In this type of measuring instruments there are no structural details responsible for the accuracy of measurements, but there are nuances that should be considered when choosing:

• The length of the hose - you should not choose it in reserve, because the extrusion of air bubbles and the straightening of the tubes can turn this advantage into a problem.
• Pay attention to the tightness of the protective caps. Water should not pour out - this will interfere with work.
• It is worth checking the integrity of the tube and the connections with the flasks.

An additional parameter is the flexibility of the hose, but it is difficult to evaluate it without having experience with this type of level.

laser

The choice of a laser level involves reconciliation of a number of indicators:

• Measurement error - should not exceed 3 mm per 10 meters.
• Self-alignment - test multiple models. The preferred option is the pendulum of which levels out faster than in analogues.
• Range - marked as a radius or diameter. To avoid confusion, specify what type of distance is indicated. The laser is responsible for the same parameter. The 532nM green beam is suitable for most measurements.

In addition, the integrity of the instrument and the absence of mechanical damage are checked.

Optic

You need to choose a level taking into account the tasks ahead and the features of future use. They are divided into three classes: high-precision, basic and technical.

Peculiarities:

• An air damper is suitable for outdoor applications, while vibration mode requires the use of a magnetic version.
• To perform tasks in a limited space, the defining parameter should be the smallest sighting distance. For large objects, models with the maximum magnification range of the telescope are preferred.
• Class I or II leveling at construction sites is usually not required, but it should be borne in mind that only high-precision instruments are capable of performing it.
• It is easier to prepare a tool with a compensator for work due to the self-alignment of the sighting axis.

Which is better

The answers to these questions will help you choose best type tool for current tasks.

What basic functions should the level perform?

• The functionality of the bubble level will cover all the problems of household tiling, but it is impossible for them to correctly measure the level of ceilings in different rooms.
• Laser - will save hours of work on marking walls for frames and wallpapers, but is not suitable for determining the correct level of the planes.
• Optical - will support accurate calculations for laying tracks, leveling surfaces, but hanging shelves inside a kitchen cabinet with it will not work.
• Hydro - will help to perform a single marking of ceilings, but it is useless for mounting wall frames.

Where will it be used? Indoors, outdoors, or both?

• Most of the electronic models are not designed to work outdoors or in aggressive environments (rain, snow).
• Please note that in addition to the laser level, you will need a detector to work on outdoors, since the rays will be invisible in daylight.

What is the required measurement accuracy?

Industrial lasers and levels have mechanical or digital counters, there is support for recording the angle of inclination in 0.01% increments. For less accurate measurements, basic models of hand tools are selected.

Are additional features needed?

Professional grade tool required for comfortable work accessories. But the functionality of household and industrial models may not have significant differences.

How to use the building level

Features of use depend on the type of tool. There are no single operating methods.

How to use the hydraulic level

1. Carefully unroll the tubes and fill the instrument with clean, running water through one of the flasks while holding the other one above. Try to fill without stopping so that there are no extra air gaps.
2. Check the correct filling - the tubes should be evenly convex. Drive the rest of the air bubbles with light clicks to the flasks until completely out. If done correctly, the risks will rise to the same height when measured. This can be checked by placing the flasks close to each other.
3. Lock the lids.
4. The next step is to work together. One person holds the flask, and the second goes with a hose to a place or room, the level of which needs to be compared with the current one.
5. When both are in place, the caps are removed from the flasks. It is important to do everything at the same time and at approximately the same height - otherwise there will be overflows.
6. One person holds the flask against a pre-made mark, making sure that the center of the meniscus of the water corresponds to it.
7. The partner carefully raises or lowers the flask, thereby adjusting the level of filling with water.
8. When everything is leveled, a level mark is made by the second participant.

Precautions: avoid kinks and mechanical damage to the hose.

How to use the bubble and magnetic level

• Place the instrument on the surface of the object whose horizontality is to be checked.
• If the air bubble is to the right of the line, the object is tilted down to the left.
• If the bubble is to the left of the line, the object is tilted down to the right.

The vertical level is found by analogy.

Maintenance and care consist in the timely cleaning of the instrument, especially after measurements on wet plaster surfaces.

Precautions are limited to protecting the instrument from bumps and falls.

How to use the laser level

• Place the instrument on a tripod or a flat surface.
• If the model is manual, make sure the bubbles indicate the level. Otherwise, find the screws on the side and adjust them to the required correctness. Self-Leveling - Allow the tool to self-level after installation, typically 30 seconds.
• Turn on the device. The device will emit a beam that reflects on surfaces. Depending on the type of laser level, it can be a dot, a line, or several horizontal or vertical intersections.

If the device has not been used for a long time or has been dropped, calibration will be required. Mounting on a rail or tripod is carried out using a clamp or clamps from the kit.

Precautionary measures:

• do not look at the beam itself, do not direct it at children or animals;
• do not use the tool in the rain;
• do not carry with an unlocked pendulum - many models warn about this with a beep or laser blinking.

How to use the optical level

Before use, check the stability of the tripod. Tighten the mount with the tool. Make sure the foot screws are not too tight on the footing.

Alignment:

• By clamping the adjusting screws between the large and index fingers, rotate them simultaneously in opposite directions. Observe the movement in the graduated flask.
• The air bubble should be centered on the circular level window.
• Centering on a point is carried out by a plumb line mounted on a tripod screw. Then the level is shifted along the head.
• Centering is complete when the plumb bob is above the target point.

Focusing:

• Aim the telescope at a sheet of paper or other light object.
• Tighten the eyepiece until the desired sharpness appears - the sight should be clear.
• With the tube pointed at the supplied rail, adjust the focus with the knob.
• When properly adjusted, the scale of the leveling staff and the crosshair of the sight do not move one after the other.
• After focusing, hold the level on a specific target.

Use the focus knob to add sharpness.

Precautions are the same as for laser models, but additional care must be taken when handling the lens.

Guarantee

Standard warranty obligations exclude cases of mechanical damage.

Bubble, magnetic and hydro - related to hand tools. They rarely have warranties longer than 12 months. Most manufacturers do not provide detailed conditions for these types of tools.

Laser - depending on the manufacturer and the category of the tool (household or professional), a guarantee is provided from 1 to 3 years.

Optical - standard warranty period of one year. But the narrowness of the niche forces manufacturers to go to tricks. Some give a guarantee on the tool up to 25 years.

The warranty period can be counted from the date of purchase or shipment. In the second case, it is appropriate to clarify how much time the tool spent in the warehouse.

Faults and repairs

Different parts turn out to be weak links - their set depends on the type of tool.

Bubble and magnetic

The main problem is related to the loss of measurement accuracy.

1. Broken flask with bubble - the readings will no longer be accurate, the error can reach several cm per meter. In budget models, bulb adjustment is not provided - the tool is unsuitable for work with this malfunction. In other cases, tightening the screw fasteners or fixing clips will return the level to the correctness of the readings. During setup, calibration is performed in the same way as when selecting a tool.
2. Bent profile - this happens with bumps and falls. The tool cannot be repaired, it will no longer give accurate readings.
3. Crack in the protective glass of the flask - in models of a collapsible type, the part changes to an analogue. Solid cast levels in this case cannot be repaired.

Minor problems: breakage of protective pads and handles, falling off of magnets are corrected by replacing the obsolete part with a new one.

hydraulic levels

Malfunctions of hydraulic levels are reduced to three types:

1. Broken or cracked hose . Occurs as a result of mechanical damage or freezing of an instrument filled with water. As a temporary measure, you can seal it with a layer of nail polish and wrap it with electrical tape. Complete renovation and replacement of the hose is often unprofitable - the costs are comparable to the acquisition of a new hydraulic level.
2. Cracks in flasks - temporary measures are similar to those presented in the previous paragraph, but instead of electrical tape there should be a transparent material in order to see the rizki. Replacement may not be required in mild cases. In serious cases, it is necessary to change, since the defect will affect the accuracy of the instrument.
3. Breakage or loss of protective caps is the simplest case. They can be replaced plastic lids from soda.

Laser

Correction is often impossible to perform independently due to the need for a special tool.

1. pendulum shift - the tool does not work correctly, with deviations in horizontal and vertical measurements. This happens after the device falls or is carried with an unlocked pendulum. Restoration will require an offset adjustment. Such damage is not covered by the warranty.
2. Beam does not burn - the malfunction is caused by a broken wiring or incorrect operation of the batteries. In the first case, you will need to remove the cover of the device and replace the flexible wiring going to the pendulum. In the second case, unclenching and stripping contacts or changing batteries is more often enough. Both options are self-repairable.
3. Instability of readings - as a rule, it will be necessary to change the suspension bearing. The case is rare, but guaranteed in the absence of mechanical damage.
4. Buttons don't work - there are several options for failure, of which only clogging of contacts can be repaired independently. The keyboard may not work as a result of frequent use in dusty environments. Clogged contacts will need to be cleaned mechanically. The procedure can be performed at home.

In difficult cases, the keyboard will need to be replaced. When the coating is membrane, it will not be possible to repair the device without special skills.

Optical

Problems of optical levels are solved systematically or by replacing parts. Repair with improvised tools is often not applicable.

• Sticking compensator - to solve the problem, the standard calibration procedure is performed several times. In case of gross errors, service maintenance of the tool will be required.
• Cracked lens or mirror . Purchase of a similar part is required. The optical lens can be replaced by yourself.
• Adjustment is broken - you need to calibrate the device. The screw fastener is loosened, the plate with the grid is aligned. To do this, the horizontal thread is placed perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tool, and the vertical thread is set along the plumb line.

Problems in the operation of electronics, serious mechanical damage, site repair or torsion bars will require the intervention of specialists.

Manufacturers

Manufacturers are presented in different price categories. The correlation between prices and quality is often insignificant.

AD - manufacturer of diagnostic and measuring equipment. The company is multinational. Digital and shockproof level types, professional tool. Warranties are not specified. Website: www.adainstruments.com

Bosch - German manufacturer of equipment. Rotary, linear and point laser levels, digital levels. The tool is available in professional (blue) and home (green) formats. Standard warranty. Valid for 12 months from the date of purchase. In addition, a long-term promotion is taking place, within which warranty cases with mechanical confirmation of the tool are recognized. Website: www.bosch-professional.com

FIT - budgetary manufacturer of power tools. Torpedo and laser levels are available in the minimum configuration. The tool is certified, a network of service centers. Warranty terms not announced. Website: www.fit-instrument.ru

Kapro - an international manufacturer from Israel specializes in measuring instruments. Digital, magnetic, aluminum levels with an ergonomic design, comply with Russian standards, are certified. The warranty period is 12 months. Website: www.kapro.com

KRAFTOOL - manufacturer of professional hand tools. Magnetic, digital, foldout and box models available. Warranty and certification not announced. Website: kraftool-instrument.ru

Stabila - manufacturer from Germany. The company specializes in measuring instrument. The range includes 120 construction, including telescopic and special models. No warranty provided. Website: www.stabila.com

Stanley - hand and power tools, including measuring ones. Average price category. Certification provided. Plain and magnetic models are available. Warranty not stated. Website: www.stanleyrussia.com

Zubr - a budget manufacturer of household and professional tools, but measuring instruments are presented in the middle price category. Basic and enhanced models. Warranty not stated. Website: zubr-instrument.ru

When wondering how to choose a building level, any person is aware of the consequences of a wrong decision.

A common type of bubble level is its rectangular modification, which is inexpensive.

After all, any, even the smallest deviation from a flat surface can lead to the most deplorable consequences, up to a complete rework of a just completed repair. Therefore, the question of how to choose a building level should be taken with all care, because this tool can be of several different types, the properties, purpose and price of which can vary significantly.

Currently, the market has a fairly wide range of these construction tools. One of the most common measuring instruments of this type is the bubble level. It consists of a body and a flask filled with a liquid in which an air bubble floats. This level is very simple and at the same time quite accurate and reliable.

What are the types of levels

The principle of operation of the water level.

Bubble levels. The most common type of this level is its rectangular modification. Its length varies widely and can be 2.5 meters. Minimum size- 20 cm. However, occasionally you can find devices of telescopic design, the length of which reaches 4 meters. Their flasks are made of impact-resistant transparent material. Alcohol is used as a filler.

Some of these tools are equipped with magnets, which makes them much easier to use on steel surfaces. There is also a variety of levels that are used when working with pipes: such tools are usually small in size and have a semicircular recess running along the body. Thanks to it, the device is well kept on the surface of the pipe. These tools have a low price, but versatility is not their strong point, so it is better to choose a different type of level.

water levels. This type of measuring instrument, otherwise known as a hydraulic level, is well suited for measuring the deviations of large horizontal surfaces. It consists of two containers filled with liquid, which are connected by a hose. The main feature of these levels is that their length ranges from 5 to 25 meters, which makes them indispensable when working with extended surfaces and at the same time absolutely useless for use in an apartment.

The principle of operation of the laser level.

They are sensitive to heat, so keep them away from heat sources. You also need to ensure that no air bubbles enter the water when filling the containers, as this significantly affects the readings of this measuring device.

laser levels. Measuring devices of this type are among the most accurate and at the same time the most expensive. Their main advantages are small size and large range, which can reach several tens of meters. They are also best suited for measuring large and extended surfaces, since the laser beam emitted by this instrument can be turned into a plane. In addition, they show themselves perfectly when laying directions. For ease of use, such measuring instruments are equipped with tripods and magnetic suction cups.

Top tools have not one laser beam, but several. They can intersect with each other, facilitating and refining measurements.

This device can definitely be called the best among all levels. It is versatile, accurate, compact and practical. It has only one drawback: its high price.

Choosing a level in the store: what to look for

The type of measuring device largely depends on how large-scale tasks will be solved with it. After all, it is one thing when the level is chosen for frequent use in large-scale construction work, and quite another when it is needed only to level the floor in the apartment.

There is no need to fall under the influence of products of well-known brands and choose the most famous brand, because the main thing in any thing is its quality, and this indicator often has nothing to do with a big name.

How to choose a bubble type building level

Diagram of a bubble level.

First of all, you need to decide for which tasks you need this measuring tool. If you are going to level the walls with it, then you need to choose the maximum length level, but if the question is posed much more modestly and you just need to attach a bookshelf, then the tool, accordingly, should also be smaller.

The air bubble itself should be clearly visible, and the marks on the level flask should be black and there should be several of them. These marks should be very close to each other, forming a kind of scale.

After this verification step, you can proceed to the next one and test the accuracy of the instrument. If the purchase is made in a specialized store, then for sure he has special stands that are specifically designed to test such measuring instruments.

For the test, the device should be placed horizontally and accurately remember the location of the air bubble on the flask scale, then turn the level 180 degrees. If everything is in order with the device, then the bubble will not change its position relative to the scale.

After that, you need to check its work in a vertical plane. For this, an appropriate stand is selected, to which the device is applied. Further, everything happens, as in the previous case: the location of the bubble is remembered, then a 180-degree turn follows. If the bubble remains in its place in this case, it means that the level is made with high quality and you can safely buy it.

In the absence of such a stand in the store, upon arrival home, you need to invite a person who has a level or a laser level and use these tools to check the correct operation of the purchased one. If something does not suit you, then there is always the opportunity to return the purchased device back to the store.

What to look for when buying a laser level?

If you have made a choice in favor of a laser measuring device, then when buying, first of all, you should pay attention to its technical characteristics, the main of which are measurement error and range. The accuracy of the laser level must be at least 3 mm for every 10 meters, and the range must be at least 20 meters.

Often, this device comes with special glasses that allow you to better see the laser beam.

In addition, these devices are equipped with two types of lasers, which differ in the color of the beam they emit. Red emitters are the most common, but if possible, it is better to choose an instrument with a green beam, since this color is more visible and contrasting to the human eye. However, levels with a green laser are somewhat more expensive than their "red" counterparts.

It is worth taking a closer look at what is included in the package of the device.

Often it is very diverse and includes both many useful items and those that you can do without.

If, along with the purchase of a laser level, you are going to purchase some kind of addition to it, then be sure to consult on this with sellers or friends who understand such things so that it does not happen that the purchased accessory does not fit your type of device.

Buying a level is a very important step, on which the quality of the upcoming repair directly depends.

masterinstrumenta.ru

Rating of the best building levels according to user reviews

It is necessary to reliably build a house or renovate an apartment, evenly assemble furniture or hang a picture, create a high-quality screed or paste wallpaper - of course, you can’t do without a building level. The building materials market is constantly changing, offering new models, time-tested devices are left, non-competitive ones are thrown away. Having studied the latest rating, you can find out the latest situation in the world of measuring instruments and look at the spirit level you like.

Building level of which company to choose

The list of manufacturers whose products are especially in demand among builders:

1. Stabila is a German construction measuring equipment company founded in 1889. Thanks to the revolutionary discoveries of its engineers, it has many patents and is one of the leaders in its industry. A rare installer does not know this manufacturer, and many of them use the high-end levels offered;

2. Kapro is a modern Israeli company that has managed to become a “top” in the measuring equipment market over its 30-year history. Ergonomic design, high quality and manufacturability of spirit levels were appreciated by both professional and novice builders in many countries;

3. Stanley is an American manufacturing giant with over 170 years of experience in the manufacture of various tools. The key to success is successful management, advanced technologies and excellent quality. That is why the building levels of the company are in demand in the construction of important facilities and for domestic purposes;

4. Sola is a well-known Austrian company for the production of measuring instruments, which sells its products in more than 40 countries. Since 1994, the production complies with the ISO 9001 standard, so the owners of modern spirit levels have no doubts about their quality.

Rating of the best building levels

• Experience in using tools from different manufacturers and the possibility of buying counterfeit products.
• Purpose: control of ceilings and walls, screeds and masonry, stretch and suspended ceilings, door and window openings, as well as for correct installation household appliances, furniture, paintings.
• Dimensions and weight of the level; the measurement accuracy declared by the manufacturer; number, size and impact resistance of capsules.
• Basic design features: box or I-profile, plastic or aluminum material, static or adjustable ampoules.
• The presence of technical amenities in the form of magnets, clear markings, tinted liquid, lighting, ergonomic handle, ruler, shockproof plugs.
• Comfort during manual fitting and during use.
• Mandatory verifiable build quality.
• Cost, warranty and service.

Conventions

Best little bubble levels

Pocket

Stanley 0-42-130 is a small measuring device with a simple design: molded plastic housing, magnetic V-shape metal base and 2nd (horizontal and vertical) capsules securely fixed in the holes. During transportation, the tool is placed in a pocket or attached to a belt with a clip.

Advantages:

• L / G / α = 0.09 m / 0.1 kg / ≈0.5 mm/m;
• price: 0.4 ... 0.5 thousand ₽;
• strong magnet; thanks to the hollow, tight fastening to the pipes; good review for reading information; measurement accuracy sufficient for domestic needs;
• compactness; convenience; mobility; practicality;
• easy to clean from dust and dirt; with careful use, it is used for a long time; adequately worth it.

Flaw:

• sometimes bubble "sensors" scroll.

According to reviews: the level in question is indispensable for use in hard-to-reach places. When buying, be sure to pay attention to the fastening of the flasks.

Angular

Kapro 340-08 is a professional tool that determines angular deviations using 2 horizontal and 1 vertical ampoule. It is made of plastic, equipped with 4 magnets, like a book cover it folds in half or unfolds, forming a plane. For fixing to non-metallic surfaces, an elastic band is used.

Advantages:

• L / G / α = 0.08 m / 0.2 kg / ≈0.5 mm/m;
• cost: 0.7 ... 0.9 thousand rubles;
• locks with a click in 15° increments; not exposed to UV rays;
• small dimensions; easy to carry and use; practical; dust is easily wiped off;
• permissible error in measurements; optimal combination of price, quality and efficiency.

Flaw:

• during manufacture, geometric rigor is not always maintained. This factor must be taken into account when testing.

According to reviews: the device is good and useful, since it is often used not only for its intended purpose - working with round elements, but in a wider range.

Torpedo

Stanley 0-43-511 is a small-sized magnetic vetarpas, consisting of a plastic case, an aluminum base and 3 capsules - 2 perpendicular to each other and 1 at an angle of 45 °. The tool with concave extruded plates is securely attached to the pipes, thanks to the rubber end caps and the impact-resistant central ampoule, it does not fail when dropped.

Advantages:

• L / G / α = 0.23 m / 0.13 kg / ≈0.5 mm/m;
• price: 0.5 ... 0.7 thousand rubles;
• when working with metal structures, there is no need for manual support; deviations in measurements within the limits of the standard; good visual accessibility of all scales;
• lasting; compact; comfortable in using;
• ergonomic design; democratic value.

Flaw:

• in some instances, the build quality is “lame”.

According to reviews: the operating parameters correspond to the purpose, size and price category of the device.

The best medium length bubble levels

L = 0.4 m

Sola MM40 is a trapezoidal cast aluminum instrument with 1 horizontal bulb and 1 spirit level. Features include a neodymium magnet and unbreakable acrylic sleeves. In addition, the central luminous eye has a magnifying lens.

Advantages:

• L / G / α = 0.4 m / 2.4 kg / ≈0.5 (1.0) mm/m;
• price: ≈2.0 thousand ₽;
• epoxy red finish; milled working canvas;
• resistance to various influences, including bending and torsion;
• consistently high measurement accuracy.

Flaw:

• when interacting with chemically aggressive substances, the paint "lets out" color.

According to reviews: the tool in question is a necessary “thing” in the household: small, durable and accurate.

L = 0.8 m

Stabila 70MAS 1411 is a universal spirit level with a feature in the form of a measuring scale printed on 1 of the surfaces and 2 sliders, with which the required size is transferred, for example, to the wall. The device itself is an effective bubble instrument with a box-shaped body, closed at the ends with plastic plugs. Equipped with 2 eyes - horizontal and vertical.

Advantages:

• L / G / α = 0.8 m / 0.4 kg / 0.5 mm/m;
• cost: ≈1.5 thousand ₽;
• 2 marking plastic sliders; 2 centimeter scales opposite in direction;
• simplicity and ease of use; strength and durability of the rail; the accuracy of the work performed; electrostatic powder coating.

Flaw:

• sometimes the running gear gets stuck.

According to reviews: a very convenient and practical device - if necessary, the engines can be easily removed.

L = 1.22 m

Stabila R-300 18374 is a new R-shaped model, which is an aluminum body with 3 capsules (2 vertical, 1 horizontal) and removable end caps that can prevent slipping and absorb shocks. The electrostatically painted spirit level has 5 internal chambers, 2 wide working surfaces, a longitudinal recess for gripping. The effectiveness of the removable caps is ensured by side overlays.

Advantages:

• L / G / α = 1.22 m / 0.3 kg / ≈0.5 mm/m (0.029°);
• price: 6.2 ... 6.4 thousand rubles;
• accurate readings when working overhead; comfortable grip; tinted alcohol in ampoules; high-quality powder coating; rigidity and strength of the structure;
• high marking accuracy; tightness of flasks; ergonomic contours.

Flaw:

According to reviews: users who have experienced a novelty in business do not regret the money spent. – The rack works properly when performing any tasks and in various conditions.

The best long bubble levels

L = 1.5 m

Stabila 70 02290 is a classic aluminum model assembled from a smooth powder-coated body, oppositely located plastic plugs and 2 ampoules filled with alcohol - vertical and horizontal. The first is located at the end of the rectangular profile, the second - in the middle.

Advantages:

• L / G / α = 1.5 m / 1.0 kg / 0.5 mm/m;
• cost: 2.3 ... 2.4 thousand rubles;
• ease of use; accuracy of measurements; strength; reliability;
• not "afraid" of falls and operation in extreme conditions;
• ascetic design; long term operation.

Flaw:

• paint wears off over time.

According to reviews: the spirit level is very popular among both professionals and amateurs in the construction business. There are no complaints about the instrument - only positive words.

L = 2.0 m

Stanley FATMAX XL 0-43-681 - aluminum box model with shock absorbing plugs, through handle and 3 ampoules. The body is milled on 2 surfaces and is larger in comparison with analogues, the gripping hole is finished with double linings, the flasks are recessed in acrylic blocks. Larger central horizontal ampoule, side vertical ampoule with improved visibility.

Advantages:

• L / G / α = 2.0 m / 2.1 kg / 0.5 mm/m;
• cost: 5.2 ... 6.7 thousand rubles;
• reinforced profile; high accuracy and wear resistance; long service life without repair; indelible markup;
• spectacular appearance; affordable real price.

Flaw:

• it is difficult to completely remove the dirt from the handle linings.

According to reviews: the tool is the heaviest in its class, and this property is highly appreciated by specialists. Working with him, they feel comfortable and enjoy.

L = 2.5 m

Capro Plumbsite Hercules 986-44-250 is a professional device milled from 2 sides, in the aluminum case of which 4 capsules are installed (2 horizontal, 2 vertical), shock-absorbing end caps and an ergonomic handle in the form of a hole rubberized along the edges. Epoxy-sealed impact flasks are made of polyacrylic and filled with bright Nite-glo oil. Readings are easy to read in uncomfortable working postures and poor lighting.

Advantages:

L / G / α = 2.5 m / 2.7 kg / ≈0.029°; cost: 6.1 ... 7.5 thousand rubles; unique system plumbsite; box-shaped effective profile; reinforced heavy construction; minimum error in the readings; resistance to sunlight, as well as torsion and bending; ease of use;

Longevity; affordability.

Flaw:

• the horizontal end peephole is not always reachable for review.

According to reviews: the rail is solid, has an optimal weight, does not fail when it falls.

The best electronic building levels

high precision

Kapro 985D 60 L is a professional electronic spirit level with illuminated display and 2 Plumb Site polyacrylic capsules. Efficient thanks to 2 milled surfaces, built-in magnets, optimal length and calibration. It has additional practical options: comfortable grip, low battery indicator, auto flip dial and 9x memory. It is provided: for a tripod - 1/4-inch hole, for storage and carrying - a compact case.

Advantages:

• L / G / α = 0.6 m / 1.1 kg / 0.1 mm/m;
• price: 6.5 ... 8.8 thousand rubles;
• measurement in percent, degrees and the ratio "in/foot"; sound signal at an angle of 45 °, as well as absolute horizontal and vertical position;
• "false 0" function; box profile; laser ray; side view;
• high measurement accuracy; convenience and comfort in work; UV and impact resistance;
• long service life; relatively low cost.

Flaw:

• paint is not always evenly applied.

According to reviews: this level is a real assistant, performing work of any complexity. Among the amenities, buyers especially noted the presence of a cover.

Which building level to buy

The choice of instrument depends on many of the above factors and may have the following options:

• For control work with walls, ceilings, floors, including screed and plaster, you can use: Plumbsite Hercules 986-44-250 from Capro and FATMAX XL 0-43-681 from Stanley;
• To check the geometry of brickwork and ceilings (tension and suspended) will fit: Stabila 70 02290;
• For even installation of furniture, windows and doors, the best option: R-300 18374 from Stabila;
• For driving dowels with a certain pitch, the following are suitable: 70MAS 1411 from Stabila;
• For working with metal structures, it has proven itself well: MM40 from Sola;
• Effective for leveling pipes: Kapro 340-08;
• For local household tasks, the following are good: Stanley 0-42-130 and Stanley 0-43-511.

When buying a device, you must definitely test it - put it in the store on a control surface, read the indicators on the flask, turn it 180 ° and install it strictly in its original place - the bubble should not change location.

If you notice an error, select a piece of text and press Ctrl + Enter

vyboroved.ru

How to choose a building level? And which one is better?

The final result of the work of a number of industrial specialists depends on the accuracy of measuring instruments: a builder, a bricklayer, a carpenter, etc. The building level of various modifications is a simple but indispensable tool for any serious team or individual craftsman, which allows you to determine the accuracy of the location of horizontal and vertical surfaces. The history of the appearance of the first spirit level dates back to the second half of the 17th century, and the vertical plumb line is a well-known primitive prototype of later inventions.

The generally accepted classification for building levels:

• Bubble (water level) - with flasks installed in a rigid case filled with liquid, and the presence of a floating air bubble in each flask;
• Laser level - with fast and clear marking by a point of a laser beam of working surfaces;
• Water level (hydrolevel) - the principle of operation is based on Pascal's hydrostatic law and checks the compliance of the planes of horizontal surfaces.

Despite all the obvious innovative advantages of the same laser level, skilled craftsmen never refuse to use a high-quality bubble level - this universal tool time-tested.

The main characteristics of the building level

• Measurement accuracy (from 0.3 mm / m, the longer the building level and the heavier it is, the higher the accuracy of its readings);
• Impact resistance. As a rule, levels have a hollow body, but with walls of sufficient thickness;
• Wide resistance to the slightest bending and torsion;
• Measuring flasks with a high degree of transparency and resistance to discoloration, haze, cracking and leakage when exposed to low and high temperatures, as well as ultraviolet rays.

Device

A rigid monolithic, most often rectangular case with a milled bottom edge is made of light and durable materials (aluminum, polystyrene, plastic, wood) with an anti-corrosion coating. In the case, depending on the required accuracy, a certain number of transparent sealed glass flasks (level eyes) are securely fixed with an air bubble floating in a colored alcohol-containing liquid:

• one flask - only for a horizontal guide (180 degrees);
• two - for horizontal (180 degrees) and vertical guides (90 degrees);
• three for more complex work, with an additional third camera that controls the measurement of the angle of inclination (rigidly fixed at 45 degrees, or rotary - to measure any angle of the controlled surface).

In order to minimize errors in angular vision, limiting lines - risks - are applied on the surface of the measuring flasks. Eyes for checking the position of surfaces of the vertical plane and the angle of inclination have built-in mirror reflectors for simultaneous control of the position of the bubbles.

Plastic plugs at the ends of the level protect the structure in case of accidental falls.

Some level manufacturers also provide additional conveniences: for example, a built-in magnifying lens for more comfortable bubble control, magnetic systems or a fluorescent flask liquid for the possibility of continuing work even in the dark.

The principle of operation of the bubble building level is simple: measuring and adjusting surfaces relative to the horizontal and vertical planes occurs by moving the bubble inside a certain level eye. The result of the correct adjustment will be the presence of the bubble exactly in the middle between the measuring marks of the flask.

Building level. Which is better?

Having decided to purchase a building level, it will not be superfluous to familiarize yourself with some recommendations for choosing it:

1. Flask - must be securely fastened in the body. When buying, it is worth abandoning the level at which the flask is screwed with screws, because of which it can become loose over time. Flasks made of polyacrylic should be chosen, which is stronger than glass and more transparent than plastic.
2. Level length - it is necessary to take into account the type of work to be done, since the larger the working area, the longer the level should be chosen;
3. Defects - the building level is a measuring device, so when buying a tool, you must make sure that there are no factory defects, as well as errors in the readings.

1. Case material - the tool can be made of plastic, metal or wood. The most reliable and durable is, of course, the metal level, inside which there are stiffeners
2. Markup - the best option the placement of control strips inside the vial itself is considered. The divisions applied to the surface of the flask should be clear and located close to each other.

The run-up in the cost of building levels is quite diverse. At the same time, it is not worth asking for a choice of more economic models, especially if you need to use the tool repeatedly. If you have to carry out a thorough repair, then experts strongly recommend purchasing a professional tool. For him, a characteristic difference is the presence of a shock-resistant case with special rubber pads, which, during operation, are able to soften the blows from falls, etc.

In operation, it is better than others, the construction level of the famous German brand "Stabila" has proven itself. For such a tool, on average, you will have to pay from 700 to 1800 rubles. This measuring device is famous for such advantages as:

• high-quality and stable reading of indications (high degree of measurement accuracy);
• good ergonomic characteristics;
• precision in the geometry of the aluminum profile housing.

In addition, this brand also produces magnetic building levels, which make it possible to work with electricity, and are equipped with special slots for marking switches and sockets.

In addition to "Stabila", another good option could be the building level of the company "Shark". The levels of this brand are good because they are not afraid of falls and bumps. Also, good models are produced by Ermak, Bosch or Kapro. For example, the Kapro company constantly updates its models and often introduces the latest innovative solutions, releasing tools for household and professional type. The models of the German company Bosch are distinguished by high quality. A similar tool with Bosch models is also produced by the Russian company Condtrol, which is more affordable.

In the middle category of such instruments, it is worth highlighting the levels produced by Matrix, Brigadier and Stayer, which are distinguished by their high measurement accuracy and optimal cost-to-quality ratio.

However, when buying a building level, a well-known brand should not be a decisive aspect. The main thing is to decide on the type of future work and the frequency of using the tool.

180 degree method

You can check the accuracy of the level in the simplest way, called the 180 degree method:

1. It is necessary to put the building level tightly, without gaps, on a flat horizontal surface and remember the position of the bubble relative to the marks.
2. In the horizontal plane, turn the level 180 degrees and place it clearly on the same area.
3. In a qualitative and accurate level, the position of the bubble should remain the same.

In the same way, you can check the accuracy of the vertical readings.

Round bubble level

This kind of building levels is designed to control only horizontal surfaces and differs somewhat from the usual levels in the design of the body with the same principle of operation. The round level is a sealed hemispherical capsule made of impact-resistant glass with a fixed flask, inside which the position of the bubble is determined by a bounding round line.

The scope of the round bubble level is not only construction works and control of the degree of shrinkage of already rebuilt buildings. Such levels are widely used in photo and video shooting for strict adjustment of the horizontal position of the equipment tripod. The use of round levels is also very common when installing trade or control scales, as well as for constantly monitoring the stable horizontal position of stationary machines, industrial tools and even jewelry surfaces - for example, polishing wheels.

A round bubble level often has the possibility of local attachment to a controlled surface and a very low cost with high measurement accuracy. A knowledgeable person will appreciate this simple and necessary tool.

The ubiquity of levels

Whatever work you have to do (check the vertical and horizontal alignment of the surface of the walls, floor and ceiling; install a washing machine without distortions, hang a bookshelf or a picture) - the simplicity and ease of use of the bubble building level will help you do it quickly and with the highest quality. Even in the presence of a laser level or a plane builder that is more complex in execution and principle of operation, the building level, unchanged in the arsenal of any master, will not remain idle.

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A good tool is a great help in any job, and a good building level is necessary in any household (hang a mirror or a locker), when repairing. And for the construction of a bath you will need at least two or three different levels. There are quite a few types of this tool and each has its own characteristics.

Bubble levels are the most popular. Most likely, this is due to their not very high price and sufficient measurement accuracy. These instruments come in very different lengths - from a few tens of centimeters to 3 meters. During construction or repair, levels of several sizes are usually needed: short ones are convenient if you need to check the compliance of not small areas, but long ones are indispensable, for example, when plastering, when installing a crate for lining in a bathhouse, etc.

Bubble levels have one, two or three transparent chambers with a scale filled with liquid with a bubble. The position of the bubble relative to the applied divisions determines the deviation from the vertical and horizontal. If the tool has only one camera, only horizontal surfaces can be controlled, if there are two cameras, vertical and horizontal. There are levels with three flasks. The third, if fixed, serves to determine the deviation from an angle of 45 degrees. But there are models with movable flasks that allow you to determine the deviation from the selected angle of inclination. These will be needed during the construction truss system and some other works.

There are several modifications of bubble levels: some of them have built-in magnets and it is convenient to fix them on metal surfaces. Such levels are also called magnetic levels. There are special tools for masons and tilers: there are places where you can hit with a hammer, which is very convenient.

How to choose a bubble level

The range of prices for these tools is quite large. Definitely, it is hardly worth buying the cheapest ones, unless you need them for one-time work. If you have construction or major repairs, you should choose one of professional levels. Although they cost several times more, they will also serve much longer: they have thick-walled cases for which bumps and falls are not so terrible, some are equipped with rubber pads that soften the blows. The building level stabila proved to be the best. Not bad is the Kapro tool (the manufacturer gives a lifetime warranty on flasks) and Kraftool. These are probably the best building levels available on the market today. If we talk about the middle price category, then Zubr, Stayer and Matrix have proven themselves well.

When choosing a tool, pay attention to the fastening of the flasks: they shouldn't wobble. It is better if they are mounted tightly, without screws. At first glance, the flasks reinforced with screws are good because they can be adjusted independently, but in practice such tools go astray very quickly, and you have to repeat the entire setup procedure again and again. In order to work with the level it was convenient, you must clearly see the flask, the divisions on it and the position of the bubble. The farther apart the stripes on the flask are, the more difficult it is to determine how displaced the bubble is.

Important! Even after a slight drop, the bubble level may begin to "lie", especially for cheap models. For this reason, check the level for accuracy right in the store.

How to check the bubble level

To check the accuracy of the level, you need to put it on any horizontal surface (for example, on a shop window), note the place where it lies, and remember the position of the bubble. Rotate the tool 180 degrees (the part that was on the right should be on the left), set it in the same place and look at the position of the bubble again. If the readings match, the horizontal bulb is set correctly. Repeat the same test on a vertical plane (for example, on a wall). If the readings match there, you can buy this level. If there are deviations somewhere, ask for another one.

For details on checking the bubble level, see the video.

Laser building level

Laser building levels are the most modern and accurate, but also the most expensive. Most budget options cost the same (or more) as professional bubble levels. But it's a compact device that attaches to any surface and has a range of up to 100 meters. Laser levels allow you to perfectly set a straight line, some models have the function of scanning the direction in a plane, there are cross models with 2 or more (up to 10) lines, with which you can perform any work. Their only drawback is their high price.

The world leader in the production of laser levels is the German company Bosch - it produces a huge line of laser levels. Compact models include the Bosch PPL5 model.

This device is quite compact, as you can see by watching the video.

The laser level can be mounted on the wall, and along the guide to glue the tiles on the walls in the bath or sauna.

Unless you are a professional builder, there is no need to buy the expensive levels that the products fall under. Bosch. If you need a laser level only for the construction of a single bath, then it is quite possible to buy a laser level in China. The price of this level on eBay is only 8-9 dollars, and delivery to Russia is free.

Chinese laser level with tape measure (click on the picture to enlarge)
The laser requires three coin-cell batteries to operate.

Water or hydro level

This tool is suitable for determining the presence of deviations of horizontal surfaces. Neither verticals nor planes located at an angle can be checked by them. The water level is a set of a hose (from 5 to 25 meters long) and two glass flasks with a scale printed on them.

Water is poured into this design (be sure to fill in water at room temperature and make sure that bubbles do not form). You can draw a horizontal line by setting the same water levels in both flasks.

Water levels are useful when working with large surfaces (for example, when laying foundations or piles), but they are inconvenient when working in small spaces. Their main drawback: sensitivity to temperature changes: it is impossible to check surfaces located at a distance of less than 1.5 meters from heaters or other heat sources.

A huge advantage of water levels is that, if used correctly, you can perfectly level out the horizontal on large planes. For this reason, for marking, it is advisable to use the water level, and not the bubble level.

When buying a hydraulic level, check that there are no cracks on the plastic flasks.

Pipe levels

They work on the principle of bubble ones, but they are small and most often made in the form of a rectangle. Some models are foldable.

They are useful when working with pipes or when laying profiles (some have appropriate holes and / or magnets to make them easier to attach).

There are many types of levels and their various modifications. The main thing is to determine for what purposes you will use them, and choose the most suitable option for them.

Level on Android

What progress has come to ... This is what I want to say when you find out that now you can download and install the building level program on a device running the Android operating system (Android).

The building level program in a smartphone

A fairly large number of such programs have already been created, but there are not as many high-quality ones as you would like. One of the most popular levels for a smartphone is the program bubble level, which can be installed by following this link https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.androgames.level&hl=en .

The Bubble level program allows you to switch the level view.

The Bubble level program allows you to switch the level view

The smartphone is oriented in space with the built-in camera. After installing the program, you need to calibrate the device by placing it on a flat surface.

As you understand, the level for android cannot be considered as a full-fledged tool in the construction of a bath. Although using this level it will be quite possible to hang pictures evenly in the rest room.

conclusions

During the construction of a bath, as in any other construction, one cannot do without a building level. Since our site is designed for amateur builders, we dare to offer the following gentleman's set:

1. Hydraulic level (required);
2. Bubble level (required);
3. Chinese laser level (you can do without).

This whole set can be bought for only 1000 rubles and it will be enough for all types of work, from pouring the foundation to laying tiles.