Boilers long burning wood burning stoves are in demand among summer residents and owners of cottages intended for year-round use. Before installation, you should understand the features, pros and cons of this type of heating in a private home.
Long-term combustion boilers using wood do not require frequent maintenance, and the cost of each 1 kW/h. thermal energy is several times lower than when using liquid fuel or gas units.
A solid fuel wood boiler is well suited for homeowners who have the opportunity to purchase good quality firewood
In general, the operating mechanism is based on long-term smoldering of fuel due to limited air supply - as a result, the filling lasts approximately 80% longer than when operating a solid fuel boiler of the so-called classic type.
Pros and cons of wood-burning boilers for long-burning fuel
Advantages:
- no need for frequent refueling - depending on the chosen model, you need to add firewood into the combustion chamber from once every 3-4 hours and up to 12 hours;
- possibility of application various types fuels and their combinations;
- In most cases, the boiler operates autonomously and does not require connection to other communications;
- relative cheapness of fuel.
Solid fuel boiler in a private house
Flaws:
- the cost is higher than classic boilers;
- due to the low calorific value of firewood, the efficiency is from 70 to 89%;
- There is no mechanism for regulating the temperature regime.
Another important disadvantage is the inability to operate heating equipment without human intervention
Advice. Mainly purchased for dachas and private cottages wood boilers not with combustion chambers large sizes. Heating efficiency can be increased by increasing the combustion chamber, but at the same time the dimensions of the boiler itself will also increase.
Varieties by mechanism of action
- Heating unit with extended firebox
The simplest and most common type of wood heating. The main difference from standard solid fuel units is their elongated shape with an elongated firebox. Directly into the combustion chamber after ignition, air is supplied in a dosed manner, due to which the operating time on each load of firewood is significantly increased (up to 6–8 hours).
Solid fuel boiler with extended firebox
- Top burning model
Unlike standard wood-fired boilers, which are ignited from below, in the chambers of top-combustion boilers, fuel is burned under the influence of a burner moving from above and slowly descending down. - Pyrolysis boiler
The gas generator or pyrolysis unit has a more complex operating principle and design compared to the two previous models, due to which it can operate continuously for up to 12 hours on each fuel fill. In the combustion chamber, the wood does not burn in it, but smolders very slowly, in turn releasing gas. It is discharged into the lower chamber compartment, where it is burned under the forced supply of oxygen, releasing additional heat.
Top combustion solid fuel boiler
The most popular units for private properties
Different models of wood boilers differ from each other:
- dimensions of combustion chambers;
- type of construction;
- material of manufacture.
The heat exchanger is often made of steel or cast iron. At the same time, cast iron will last longer than steel, it takes a long time to cool down, but can collapse under sudden temperature changes. Steel is heat-resistant, but can be subject to corrosion and will last on average about 10–15 years.
For country heating Most often, simple single-circuit models are installed; for houses with year-round occupancy, it is rational to install a double-circuit boiler. In the latter case, one circuit will provide heating, while the second will provide hot water supply.
Diagram: device of a pyrolysis boiler
Each individual unit has its own special specifications, averaged data:
- power about 100 kW;
- coolant temperature at the outlet is 80 degrees, at the return - at least 50 degrees;
- working pressure on average 1 atm;
- boiler weight up to 400 kg;
- Duration of operation on one load of fuel is 10-12 hours.
Operation of the pyrolysis boiler
Attention! When buying a heating boiler that runs on wood, you need to take into account that most units were originally designed to burn brown or hard coal. Their technical data sheets indicate the power and burning time of one bookmark based on operation on coal. Therefore, it is necessary to separately calculate the power and combustion time of the fuel if the heat generator runs on wood.
How to properly organize heating
In private cottages intended for year-round use, long-burning boilers equipped with heat exchangers are embedded in the heating system. The coolant carries thermal energy, obtained by burning wood, to radiators.
Attention! If in autonomous system used circulation pump, it is necessary to make sure that the boiler heat exchanger can withstand the operating pressure of the entire system.
IN small dachas for 1-2 rooms there is no need for an autonomous heating system; it is more rational to use a convector stove of the Buleryan type. For models operating on the convection principle, the walls of the fireboxes consist of open metal tubes that are welded to each other in a vertical position.
House heating system using a solid fuel boiler
During the combustion of wood, heated air rises through the tubes due to the action of convection, and cold air comes in its place.
Fuel selection
You can place a long-burning wood-burning boiler both in the house and in an equipped boiler room or in a small separate extension to a private cottage. In this case, it will be necessary to allocate a separate place for fuel: wood, coal, peat, etc.
The most popular type of fuel is often waste from the wood processing industry. But this type of fuel is low-calorie, so it requires high consumption.
Wood is the most popular type of fuel for a home boiler room
The choice and degree of moisture content of the raw material will directly determine its calorific value. Fuel from the most high performance- dry firewood, the quality of which should ideally be the same high from purchase to purchase. The maximum fuel length is 40 cm.
Important installation features
The weight of wood-burning boilers reaches several hundred kilograms, so before installation you need to make sure that the floors can withstand the load. For durable floors, a cast iron product is suitable; in other cases, it is worth considering the option of purchasing a boiler made of steel, which will weigh several times less.
At the place where the unit is planned to be installed, a concrete pad is usually installed (its thickness varies from 100 to 150 mm).
For the smooth operation of the boiler, its correct installation is very important.
IN non-volatile boilers so-called mechanical thermostats are used. If the model has a fan designed for forced air supply, as well as an electronic control system, then a power supply will be required.
It is important to take into account that during power outages, operation will be very difficult.
Conclusion
Long burning boilers deserve special attention when choosing heating equipment for private houses and cottages. The most effective are pyrolysis units, which have the highest efficiency of 97% and long term work without refueling.
Placing a solid fuel boiler
Before purchasing, you should also decide on the material of manufacture, the required volume of the firebox, prepare the boiler room or equip a place for the boiler in the house. Separately, you should take care of choosing high-quality fuel - dry firewood must be prepared in advance, and a separate place is allocated for its storage.
How a pyrolysis solid fuel boiler works: video
Long burning boiler: photo
To purchase a suitable heating unit for a private home, you need to soberly evaluate the characteristics of the proposed options and take into account all the features of the home that needs to be heated. To cope with this task, you will have to make precise mathematical calculations and carefully consider the timing of fuel delivery. The information you will receive from this article will help you understand how to choose a long-burning solid fuel boiler. Use the material provided to avoid common mistakes and make the right decision.
Types and principles of operation of long-burning solid fuel boilers
If you have to choose a long-burning solid fuel boiler, first of all, familiarize yourself with the classification of these units. Having a general idea about existing varieties, you will be able to navigate a wide range and immediately exclude suitable options. Solid fuel heating boilers differ in several ways, which will be described later in the article.
By fuel combustion method
Long-burning heating boilers using solid fuel are divided into two categories:
- Traditional. They implement the most simple circuit fuel combustion. According to the principle of operation, they resemble an ordinary stove with a special window for supplying fuel. The main element is a heat exchanger, which ensures temperature transfer directly to the coolant. Such boilers are characterized by unprecedented reliability and durability, but their efficiency leaves much to be desired.
- Pyrolysis (gas generator). This type has a higher level of efficiency. Such units generate thermal energy by burning fuel in a special way. First, the unit dries the fuel. This is followed by degassing, during which about 85% of the substances are converted into combustible gas during combustion. The remaining 15% remains in the form of coal. In the internal cavity of the combustion chamber, the temperature rises to 600°, due to which the combustible gas oxidizes and ignites. This process leaves a burning layer of coal. Masses of low-temperature gases are saturated with carbon, providing a temperature increase of up to 1000°. Under such conditions, coal decomposes, releasing a large number of thermal energy. The air flow supplied to the upper wall of the combustion chamber directs the flame vertically downwards. Due to this, the combustion process becomes controlled. Continuous air supply ensures constant oxidation of flammable gases.
According to the material of manufacture
The range of household solid fuel boilers includes units made from various materials. Manufacturers use two types of metals:
- Cast iron. The boiler is made of cast iron and is a sectional structure, each section of which can be separated from the rest. The ability to disassemble makes the unit more convenient for transportation and installation. If there is a need to carry out repair work This feature greatly simplifies the task for the master. During operation of a cast iron boiler, the internal walls of the combustion chamber are subject to chemical corrosion. Dry rust (a film consisting of iron oxide) appears on them. As a rule, it does not progress, so the efficiency of the unit remains at a consistently high level. You won't have to clean it often to remove carbon deposits. The only significant drawback is susceptibility to temperature changes. Heat shock can damage the chamber walls. Such cases should be avoided.
- Steel. A boiler made from this metal is a monoblock unit that is assembled in a factory. It cannot be disassembled for ease of transportation. Steel solid fuel boilers with long combustion are not afraid of thermal shock, so automatic electronic mode changers are more widely used in them. However, systematic temperature changes lead to the formation of tired zones on the walls of the combustion chamber, which over time leads to burnout of the metal. If this happens, the unit cannot be repaired.
By type of fuel used
Long-term combustion solid fuel heating boilers are divided into four categories according to the type of fuel burned:
- On wood. The most common variety. Its popularity is explained by its simplicity of design and unpretentiousness to fuel. A long-burning solid fuel boiler using wood can operate under almost any conditions, but it has one significant drawback - the lack of automation. As the fuel burns, the user has to add firewood to the firebox.
- On coal. Much more suitable for a large house than a wood-burning one. Coal is low cost and easy to transport.
- On pellets. The fuel used for this variety is wood pellets, which are compressed waste from the woodworking industry. They are called pellets. The relatively small combustion chamber of a pellet boiler burns briquettes, producing a large amount of heat.
- On sawdust. A separate type of solid fuel boilers in which sawdust, dry grass, leaves and other waste are burned. Such units provide high-quality heating of housing, and also solve the problem of recycling waste of plant origin.
Dual-circuit
Solid fuel double-circuit boilers Long-burning stoves are distinguished by the fact that they not only heat homes, but also heat water for domestic use. By installing such a unit, you will heat the house and at the same time solve the problem of providing warm water for the bathroom and kitchen. A long-burning solid fuel boiler with a water circuit is more expensive, but it eliminates the need to install a gas water heater or boiler.
Criteria for selecting long-burning solid fuel boilers
WITH general classification We have already familiarized ourselves with solid fuel boilers. It's time to consider the criteria by which owners of private houses determine the optimal options for units for installing heating systems. After reading the following sections, you will learn how to choose the right long-burning solid fuel boiler for your home.
Type of fuel
First of all, you must decide what fuel will be used for heating. Based on what type of fuel is more convenient to buy and import. If you have harvested wood, it would be wise to purchase a wood-burning boiler. Owners of cottages where there are no trees can recommend heating with pellets. Coal boilers suitable for those who have the opportunity to order high-quality fuel on favorable terms. Sawdust heating systems are typically used to heat wood processing facilities.
Power
To determine the required power heating system, you need to make simple mathematical calculations. Calculate the total volume of the premises you are going to heat. The resulting figure will help you find a model with the appropriate parameters in a wide range of long-burning solid fuel boilers. Keep in mind: you should always provide a power reserve so that during severe winter frosts the house does not become cold.
Device weight
When choosing a long-burning solid fuel boiler for heating a private home, the mass parameter is taken into account only if the owner intends to mount the purchased unit on the wall. According to state standards established by the Russian gas service, this installation method is allowed for heating boilers with a volume of less than 100 liters.
Loading chamber volume
This parameter characterizes the ratio of the volume of fuel supplied to the power of the heating unit. The more fuel that fits in the loading chamber, the less often you will have to replenish the supply of firewood/coal/pellets. For steel boilers, the ratio of these values is 1.6-2.6 l/kW. Cast iron heating units consume fuel in smaller quantities - 1.1-1.4 l/kW.
The total volume of the loading chamber will help you roughly estimate the capabilities. In any case, you will not be able to fill it 100%. The usable volume of the loading chamber is much more important. This value reflects the actual amount of fuel that you can load into the combustion chamber. To determine it, you need to know the principle of combustion of the selected boiler and the method of loading fuel (top or front).
Efficiency
One of the most important parameters for any long-term combustion solid fuel heating unit. The figure expressing the efficiency of the boiler characterizes that part of the generated thermal energy that is actually spent on heating the home. Choosing a unit with a high coefficient useful action, you can reduce your power requirements. Low efficiency means waste of heat, so you will have to add more fuel to maintain an acceptable temperature in your home.
Review of the best manufacturers
The modern market for heating systems for private homes is filled with offers from many brands, but not all of these units can boast of reliability and durability. You learned how to choose a long-burning domestic solid fuel boiler from the previous sections of the article. It's time to narrow your search to those manufacturers who truly deserve respect:
- Stropuva. The Stropuva trademark produces high-quality coal heating boilers with high level Efficiency and long burning life after each filling.
- Hearth. The Ochag company produces solid fuel boilers equipped with heat exchangers modern design. The units of this brand are characterized by durability and high performance.
- Wichlacz. A reliable Polish brand that produces excellent solid fuel boilers that operate on the principle of layer-by-layer combustion of fuel.
- Viadrus. A world-respected manufacturer of coal, wood and coal-wood solid fuel boilers.
- Don. Heating units of this brand are reliable and durable. With minimal fuel consumption, Don provides a high level of efficiency.
- Teplodar. In terms of reliability and performance, long-burning heating units of the Teplodar brand can be compared with the best creations of German manufacturers.
Where to buy and how much they cost
Purchasing a long-burning solid fuel boiler for heating a private home is a serious task. You need to approach it with maximum responsibility. Such a unit costs a lot of money, so the first thing you need to do is evaluate the reliability of the selling party. In the table below you will find contact details and some commercial offers of trusted Moscow suppliers of heating equipment.
| Name of the organization | Address, Website | Name of the proposed model | Price, rub |
|
| "TechnoDom" | Zavodskoye Highway, building No. 9A; Website: teh-dom | Double-circuit pyrolysis | ||
| Viardus Woodpell 7 | Automatic pellet | |||
| "Thermo-Mir" | st. Aircraft constructor Mil, house No. 19; Website: termo-mir | Don KS-T-16 | Wood-burning | |
| Don KS-GV-50N | Wood-burning | |||
| "GarantComfort" | Business Park Rumyantsevo, Kyiv highway, building No. 1, building A, office No. 905; Website: garantcomfort | Coal-wood | ||
| Coal-wood | ||||
| "TeploDar" | Website: teplodar | Teplodar Kupper OK15 | Universal solid fuel | |
| Teplodar Cooper OK20 | Universal solid fuel | |||
| Teplodar Cooper OK20 | Universal solid fuel |
Video
For those who are unable to purchase an expensive heating boiler, the option of assembling such a unit at home is suitable. The video below will explain in detail how to do this. Listen to the advice of experts, and you can create your own Alternative option long combustion solid fuel boiler.
They require regular maintenance and fuel loading - this is their main drawback. Cheap and simple models needs to be filled with firewood every few hours. Therefore, for heating a residential building, long-burning boilers are more often used, which can operate on one batch of fuel for several days.
How is such a long service life of these models achieved? Significant dimensions usually tell the buyer that the problem is the larger volume of the loading chamber. This is partly true, but the basis of long-term work is not the amount of fuel, but the principle of its combustion is “top to bottom”.
When burning fuel, only the top layer burns, and combustion occurs with a dosed supply of air. In this case, a bright flame is not formed; the fuel smolders for a long time and evenly, heating the lower layers. Therefore, long-burning boilers not so demanding on the moisture content of firewood and coal fractions.
The design of a long-burning boiler has its own characteristics. The loading chamber door is located high - in the upper third of the body. Almost the entire internal space is filled with fuel, which explains the large loading volume. At the top of the housing there is a smoke pipe, which is connected to the chimney.
At the bottom of the chamber there is an ash pan; it is necessary for cleaning the boiler. The ash pan does not play the role of the ash pan, as in conventional ovens, so its door is sealed. The air comes from the air chamber located at the top; it is also a recuperator: flue gases heat its walls, due to which the air enters the combustion zone already heated. The camera is equipped with a shutter at the top.
In order to dose air to the fuel combustion surface, the boilers are equipped with an air distributor connected to the air chamber through a telescopically extending pipe. As the fuel load burns out, the distributor lowers along with the upper burning layer, which ensures a long-term stable air supply.
The air distributor returns to its original position using a cable with a ring - it is simply pulled upward. By the position of the cable, you can determine the remaining fuel in the loading chamber.
The heat exchanger in long-burning models is a water jacket located on all side surfaces, making heat removal quite effective. Fittings are provided to supply coolant to the heating system and return it to the boiler. The water supply connection to the system is located in the upper part of the heat exchanger, the return connection is in the lower part, this ensures natural circulation.
Can be equipped automatic or thermomechanical regulation. In the first case, they are volatile and require connection to the electrical network. In the second, the combustion process is controlled using a bimetallic one. Such boilers do not require electricity and can operate uninterruptedly in any conditions.
Advantages of long-burning boilers
- operating time on one load - up to 7 days;
- simple and reliable design;
- low requirements for fuel quality;
- most models do not require a network connection;
- the price of boilers is comparable to the price of.
Flaws:
- significant dimensions;
- the need for regular cleaning - when smoldering, a large amount of soot is released.
Types of fuel for long-burning boilers
Long-burning boilers are not demanding on fuel quality. They are most effective on anthracite and brown coal, but can also work on firewood, briquettes and pellets.
An important nuance that you need to pay attention to when purchasing is the maximum length of firewood. Ready-made chopped firewood usually has a length of 40-45 cm; if the model has a shorter loading chamber, then the firewood will have to be prepared yourself or cut to order.The moisture content of the wood is not as important for this type of boiler as for pyrolysis boilers, but when burning raw wood, the boiler efficiency will be significantly lower, and the amount of soot and soot will increase greatly. In addition, with high smoke humidity, water vapor can condense on the walls of the chimney and interact with soot, forming carbonic acid. Over time, the acid will destroy the walls of the chimney and it will require replacement.
Pellets and fuel briquettes in long-burning boilers can be used without preliminary preparation, the size of the granules does not matter, and the moisture content of this fuel is within 20%, which is quite acceptable for these models. Brown coal and anthracite of the middle fraction also do not require additional preparation; large pieces need to be crushed before loading.
It is not recommended to use wet sawdust and construction waste in long-burning boilers - the fuel chamber and chimney when using them!Review of long-burning boiler models
There are boilers from different manufacturers on the market, and their declared characteristics are similar, so making a choice is sometimes difficult. Below is an overview of the most popular models.
Boilers Liepsnele, Lithuania
The lineup Long-burning boilers from this manufacturer include universal models with a power from 10 to 40 kW; they can operate on coal, wood, sawdust, shavings, fuel pellets and pressed briquettes.
The design of the boilers is of the classic shaft type with top combustion. Liepsnele boilers are energy independent and have high efficiency - it is at least 90% in any operating mode and with any fuel.
Video: installation and connection of Liepsnele heating equipment
Boilers SWaG, Ukraine
Mine universal long-burning models, equipped with an electronic control unit that allows you to precisely regulate combustion modes. Range of powers - from 10 to 50 kW. The boilers are equipped with a turbine that forces air into the combustion zone, which increases its efficiency during ignition and in the system heating mode. The boilers are equipped with a safety group, including a pressure relief valve and an air vent, as well as a thermometer.
Brief technical specifications:
In SWaG boilers, along with the main fuel, you can burn sawdust, straw, wood chips and other waste, mixing them with coal or firewood. Do not use dusty fine coal, which is prone to caking and coking - the operation of the boiler will be unstable and ineffective.Video: description of SwaG boilers
Boilers Stropuva, Bulgaria
Classic top-burning, shaft-type units for heating residential and industrial facilities. Equipped with a bimetallic draft regulator, which eliminates the need to connect to electrical network. The range of universal boilers is represented by models from 8 to 40 kW.
Brief technical specifications:
Stropuva boilers are distinguished by increased safety and resistance to water hammer - in case of sudden overheating, the walls of the housing are not damaged, the deformation is directed inward.Video: Stropuva long-burning models
Boilers Nedelka, Russia
Domestic-made boilers capable of operating on one load of coal for 6-7 days. They have high efficiency - up to 92%, the boiler automation allows you to accurately regulate the temperature of the network water and the microclimate in the premises of the house.
The boiler has a rectangular shape with a loading door in the upper plane. The type of combustion in the boiler is top; for more complete heat removal, smoke circulation is provided - channels through which heated flue gases pass.
The heat exchanger of the Nedelka boiler is multi-pass, which ensures maximum heat removal from the most heated surfaces. The firebox is equipped with a grate and two cleaning doors: through one, located in the fuel chamber, combustion products are removed from the firebox, through the second - from the ash pan.
At the top there is a microprocessor control unit that controls the boost fan. It regulates the air supply to the chamber, and therefore the combustion mode. When the power is turned off, the boiler goes out, but when it is turned on, it can flare up again without human intervention. The control is simple - just set the desired temperature in the rooms in which the sensors are installed.
The fuel quality requirements for Nedelka units are low: they can burn coal and firewood, pellets, wood chips, and construction waste. The greatest efficiency and duration of combustion is achieved when working on coal, the quality of which does not have any special requirements - effective pressurization can ignite any fraction of coal.
Three boiler models are recommended for private homes: KO-60 - for a house with an area of 100 to 300 square meters, KO-90 - from 200 to 400 square meters and KO-110 - from 250 to 600 square meters. Moreover, the larger the area, the less time combustion of the boiler at one load, so it is better to choose a more powerful boiler.
Prices for Nedelka boilers, depending on the modification - from 110 to 220 thousand rubles.
Boiler "Week", video
The correct choice of the appropriate model of solid fuel equipment will allow you to forget about daily loading, cleaning and maintenance of heating equipment. Modern boilers are reliable, safe and do not require monitoring. It is enough to clean the unit from ash and ashes once every few days and load a new batch of fuel, after which the house will be warm and comfortable all week.
Solid fuel boilers designed for the heating system of a private house are very effective solution under certain conditions. Electric heating is associated with high costs if it is necessary to heat a large area, gas devices in this regard, they are more economical, but it is not always possible to provide the house with adequate fuel. Wood, coal and other similar materials are used as fuel for solid fuel boilers.
Available on the market today wide choose models of such units various kinds: long burning, pellet, traditional, pyrolysis and so on. Do right choice in such conditions it is not as simple as it might seem at first glance. We tried to make this task as easy as possible for you and compiled a rating of the top 10 best boilers. When compiling it, a large number of similar devices were analyzed, we relied on reviews from users and specialists, and compared the price-quality ratio.
Ten best models of solid fuel boilers
10+. ZOTA Pellet 100A
This is a pellet-type boiler, which is characterized by a high level of automation of the process, when the device is capable of operating for several days without additional refueling with flammable materials. The design includes a screw fuel supply and an inflatable fan; it is perfect for the harsh Russian climatic conditions. The maximum power of the equipment is 100 kW, the volume of the fuel bunker is 606 liters. Thanks to the screw feed, absolute protection against overheating is ensured, and it also prevents flame from penetrating into the fuel storage bunker.
The built-in thermostat sends the device into standby mode when the required temperature is reached. The boiler is connected to the electrical network, from which all automation functions; it has automatic ignition. The main parameters are adjusted using the buttons located on the device body. Automation allows you to keep daily fuel consumption under full control, making the boiler’s operation more efficient and economical. Additionally, you can install a GSM module that allows you to remotely regulate the temperature in the system. The unit is able to heat a building up to 800 square meters.
Advantages:
- Screw fuel supply;
- Availability of an electronic control system for all elements;
- High power;
- High efficiency - about 90%.
Flaws:
- The need to connect to the electrical network;
- Considerable weight of the device.
10. ACV TKAN 100
A fully automated device that uses coal, wood chips, firewood, etc. as fuel. It is characterized by a high efficiency - about 93%, fuel consumption is low - from 8 kg per hour when the boiler is set to maximum performance parameters. The boiler is absolutely safe during operation thanks to its fully sealed combustion chamber and forced air supply. The fuel supply mechanism is equipped with a fire damper.
The convective part is equipped pneumatic system cleaning, for the convenience of using solid fuel there are special grates. The maximum heated area is 300 square meters. m. The highest pressure in the heating system is 3 bar. The device is equipped with automatic equipment, powered by electricity, so the boiler needs to be connected to the network, the burner ignites independently. Basic settings are set using a special remote control located on the unit body.
Advantages:
- Not the largest mass of the product;
- High rated power and efficiency;
- Availability of electronic automation, providing safe work and compliance with all set regimes;
- Fuel is supplied using a screw mechanism.
Flaws:
- High price.
9. ZOTA Topol M 20
The boiler is highly reliable and very attractive design solution. Fuel loading is vertical, a draft regulator is provided automatic type, There is gas-burner, connected directly to a household gas pipeline or to a cylinder, there is a reliable heating element.
The maximum heated area is 150 square meters with a ceiling height of 3 meters. In the heating system highest pressure is 3 atmospheres, its volume is designed for 54 liters. The housing has good thermal insulation. Under the decorative casing there is a water jacket that prevents the boiler from overheating; it is additionally covered with basalt cardboard, due to which heat loss is minimal. Fire door equipped with a lock, one load of fuel burns out within about 12 hours. The boiler must be connected to a natural chimney, since its design does not include a fan.
Advantages:
- The burner is economical, due to which fuel consumption is reduced, and thermal power increases;
- Autonomous control;
- Possibility to use several types of solid fuel;
- Significant efficiency indicators - over 90%;
- Reliable assembly;
Flaws:
- Heavy weight.
8. Wirbel BIO-TEC 35
This is a pyrolysis type device, its power range is from 18 to 80 kW. The boiler is designed to burn wood or wood waste. It is well suited for small or medium-sized spaces. Pyrolysis type technology ensures complete combustion of fuel. The chamber is quite spacious - firewood up to half a meter long can fit there. One load burns completely within five hours at the standard power of the device; during the economy mode, it can burn throughout the day.
The unit retains heat for about 12 hours, during which there is no need to re-ignite it. All functions of the equipment are controlled by a special regulator. The boiler is connected to the heating system of the house through a thermostatic three-way valve and a storage tank. When loading, make sure that the fuel is dry - it should contain no more than 25% moisture. There is practically no combustion waste in the boiler, due to which it does not need frequent cleaning - with maximum load it needs to be cleaned on average once a week. Flue gases are also subjected to combustion, which ensures a high efficiency of the equipment (about 92%) and good environmental performance. Boilers are completely safe when used correctly.
Advantages:
- High power level;
- Both the fuel itself and the exhaust gases are burned;
- The device is equipped with a control panel;
- All processes occur fully automatically.
Flaws:
- If the remote control breaks, the user is deprived of the ability to control processes;
- Expensive equipment.
7. Wattek PYROTEK 36
This boiler provides long-lasting combustion in the firebox and is capable of maintaining heat in the house for a long time. comfortable temperature. At fully loaded Fuel combustion occurs within 12 hours. The thickness of the firebox walls is 5 mm, the heat exchanger is made of copper, and scale does not form in it. The boiler dampers do not require initial adjustment. The boiler's automation is electric, has a significant number of functions, and has a number of operating modes - standard, summer, hot water supply, priority of hot water supply.
On the control panel you can program the pump on and off temperature. With its help, weekly programming of the boiler operation is also carried out. The remote control menu is completely Russified. The boiler operates using pyrolysis technology; to remove combustion products, there is a 10-speed fan, the operation of which is adjusted automatically. The unit is made in strict accordance with all existing quality standards.
Advantages:
- All modes and temperature indicators are adjusted automatically;
- To ensure additional safety, the boiler is equipped with emergency, boiler and boiler sensors;
- Ordinary firewood in the firebox burns within 12 hours; when using briquettes, this figure increases to 15-17 hours;
- High-quality assembly;
- Possibility of using the boiler to create a hot water supply system.
Flaws:
- High cost of maintenance, repairs and spare parts.
6. EVAN WARMOS TT-18
This boiler can be used not only for residential, but also for industrial or agricultural premises. It can be used either as primary or additional heating equipment. The main rule is that it must be located in a room equipped natural system ventilation. For higher efficiency, the device is equipped with a flue gas combustion system.
The design has a heating element and a reliable draft adjustment system. The main function of the heating element is to maintain the water temperature to prevent the heating system from defrosting. The unit operates on the basis of natural circulation of water due to temperature differences, however, the pipes will need to be positioned in such a way that the coolant can pass through the system independently. If it cannot be ensured, then you will have to additionally install a circulation pump and expansion tank having direct contact with atmospheric air. The maximum pressure at which this boiler can operate is 5 bar. The unit is designed for an area of up to 120 square meters.
Advantages:
- Easy to install;
- Reliable build quality;
- Possibility of using any solid fuel.
Flaws:
- The position of the damper must be adjusted manually to prevent excessive fuel consumption;
- Rapid fuel burnout.
5. Lemax Forward-16
It is a fairly simple device with nothing superfluous. The design is very reliable, does not require maintenance, and has a reasonable price. The body is made of decorative metal panels. Behind it lies a layer of thermal insulation, under which there is a housing made of low-carbon steel 4 mm thick. The fuel chamber is large and is protected from overheating by a water jacket.
To increase the strength of the equipment, the heat exchanger is reinforced with a channel, making the likelihood of rupture low. At the bottom of the device there is a heat-resistant grate; under it there is a box for slag and ash. It can be removed through the door on the front panel; it also acts as a damper that regulates the amount of air entering the combustion chamber from the room. The pipes through which the supply and return lines of the heating system are connected are located on the rear panel. There is also a chimney pipe with a damper that regulates draft. The boiler can operate on wood or brown coal; for convenience, there is a top fuel loading system.
Advantages:
- Possibility of using any type of solid fuel - coal, coke, firewood, and so on;
- Small dimensions, no need for constant maintenance;
- Low cost.
Flaws:
- Low efficiency;
- The need to regularly load fuel, as it burns out quite quickly.
4. NMK Magnum KDG 20 TE
The first device in our ranking of the best solid fuel boilers, equipped with a long-burning system. It is perfect for heating a home or production premises, the area of which is about 150 square meters.
This unit Russian production, designed specifically for harsh domestic climatic conditions. Coal is used exclusively as fuel - it can burn out within four to five days, the efficiency of this equipment is about 80%. The housing is reliable, the unit does not require additional maintenance. The fuel combustion control system is quite simple, but at the same time it is very reliable - it almost never fails.
Advantages:
- Favorable cost;
- Excellent workmanship;
- There is a heating control system.
Flaws:
- The air damper must be in a certain position, which is not very easy to set.
3. Teplodar Cooper OK 15
In the top solid fuel boilers, this unit is in an honorable third place, largely due to the long burning of the fuel. So, on one stack of firewood, the equipment can work for about 30 hours, briquettes burn out in two days, coal about 5 days. Perfect for residential, warehouse and even industrial premises, the area of which does not exceed 150 square meters.
Both water and antifreeze can be used as a coolant; any solid fuel - briquettes, firewood, coal - can be used as fuel. When installing additional elements the boiler will operate on electricity or gas. The heat exchanger is made of 12 tubes, which ensures high efficiency of the device. The door is sealed, due to which smoke will not pass into the room, and the fuel will burn much longer due to poor access of oxygen to the firebox - it is made on the basis of the state standard GOST 9817-95.
Advantages:
- High build quality of the device;
- Economical operation with significant efficiency;
- Excellent value for money.
Flaws:
- Significant mass, which makes it difficult to move the boiler from one place to another.
Heats rooms of 150 - 400 sq.m. Perfect option for a private home, cottage, car service center, as well as car wash.
On one load of 300 liters it can work for up to 7 days. Operating power: 15−45 kW (adjustable using automation). Peak power: 90 kW
Advantages:
- Mass production;
- Made of Russian steel 5 mm grade 09G2S produced by MMK;
- The hatch for cleaning the heat exchanger can be located either on the left or on the right;
- All stages of production are controlled;
- Insured liability to the consumer in ROSGOSSTRAKH in the amount of 10 million rubles;
- Patented production technology;
- Availability of documentation confirming fire safety, reliability in use.
Flaws:
- Weight and dimensions, but this makes the boiler reliable, with good one-time loading;
- The presence of condensate may seem like a minus, but this is an indicator of the high efficiency of the boiler, and there is effective ways its reduction;
- Energy dependence. Undoubtedly a minus, but easily corrected, when solving it the house always becomes warm, regardless of whether there is electricity or not.
You can buy Nedelka boilers here.
1. Buderus Logano G221-25
Uses any solid fuel - for loading it there is a spacious combustion chamber and a convenient loading door. It is possible to adjust the temperature of the coolant. The boiler is very convenient for systems with a natural water circulation system, but it can be used in structures equipped with a circulation pump.
The maximum power of the unit is 25 kW, the largest heated area is about 250 square meters. The boiler is used as the main or backup source of heat supply. The heat exchanger is made of cast iron, its average service life is about 30 years, thanks to which the coolant can be heated to a temperature of 90 degrees. The efficiency of the device is 78%, it is completely energy independent. We can say with confidence that this is the best solid fuel boiler for a private home.
Advantages:
- Large firebox volume, where you can place firewood up to 68 cm in size;
- Attractive appearance and high-quality assembly;
- Good energy efficiency;
- Easy to install, operate and maintain.
Flaws:
- High price.
In conclusion, the video: how to choose a solid fuel boiler for a private home?
Long-burning solid fuel boilers
What are solid fuel boilers and what are the principles of their operation
It would seem that heating a house with solid fuel (wood, coal, peat) will disappear from use in the 21st century. But this statement turned out to be premature: today many modern houses fueled by these energy sources. Of course, to heat the room, it is not an old stone stove that is used, but modern solid fuel boilers.
These heat generators can operate on different types energy carrier:
- coal pellets;
- firewood;
- ordinary coal;
- peat pellets.
The principle of operation of a solid fuel boiler is quite simple: any of the above energy carriers is loaded into the combustion chamber of the boiler and ignited. The heat from the combustion heats the water, which circulates through the pipes to heat the house. Such long-burning wood heating boilers have a number of negative features:
- short burning period (2-8 hours);
- the need to remove ash;
- the need to regularly add new portions of energy into the firebox.
- low efficiency.
It was possible to get rid of these shortcomings with the development of fundamentally new solid fuel heat generators, which are long-burning solid fuel boilers. They are divided into two types:
- pyrolysis;
- top combustion boilers.
Long-burning pyrolysis solid fuel boilers
The functioning mechanism of a pyrolysis boiler is based on the principle of splitting the energy carrier into pyrolysis gas and coke. This problem is solved with the help of a low burning rate of fuel, which, in fact, does not burn, but smolders. As a result of this smoldering, pyrolysis gas is formed, which burns when combined with air.
A long-burning pyrolysis boiler using wood or any other solid energy carrier is structurally composed of two chambers: in the first, the fuel itself is split, and in the second, the pyrolysis gas is burned. In such a unit, the combustion process is controlled automatically: to increase the combustion intensity, the system slightly opens the combustion chamber damper, letting more oxygen into it, and to reduce the temperature, it closes it.
Pyrolysis gas generators have a number of advantages:
- high efficiency of energy carrier burning (minimum waste remains);
- long period of operation without additional loading;
- environmental friendliness (releases a minimum of harmful gases that undergo thorough filtration);
- high reliability.
Pyrolysis units, due to the fact that they consist mainly of mechanical elements, are extremely easy to operate. If you want to install a long-burning boiler with your own hands, then this heat generator option is optimal.
But pyrolysis models also have certain disadvantages. They operate on forced draft, so they depend on an uninterrupted power supply. The fuel loaded into the pyrolysis boiler must be absolutely dry, and its volume in the firebox must meet the requirements of the heat generator manufacturer.
Top combustion boilers
Fuel combustion in conventional boilers and fireboxes of fireplaces and stoves occurs from the bottom up, which is explained by the physics of combustion. But this scheme is not always effective, since the burning rate is too high, which is why not all materials burn out completely. This drawback was eliminated in top-burning boilers, where the fuel burns gradually from top to bottom.
It was possible to implement such a mechanism thanks to design feature heat generators. They do not have a grate and an ash pan. There are no combustion-supporting elements in the pan at all.
Fuel burnout occurs when there is a deficiency of oxygen, which is supplied to the combustion chamber through movable nozzles, and the volume of oxygen supply is controlled automatically. The fuel in the chamber burns out in stages, layer by layer, due to which such equipment demonstrates a number of advantages:
- high efficiency;
- minimum volume of waste (ash);
- minimum consumption fuel;
- environmental friendliness ( minimal amount harmful emissions).
A long-burning solid fuel boiler of this type is also equipped with an automatic system that controls the intensity of combustion, limiting or increasing the supply of oxygen to the chamber.
The average power of such equipment is 6 kW, which is quite enough for heating small house. Ease of maintenance is the main advantage of top combustion boilers: you only need to load about 50 kg of firewood or other energy carrier into the firebox, after which you can forget about the existence of the boiler for the next 30 hours.
How to choose a long-burning solid fuel boiler
If you have decided on the type of device, then in order to buy a long-burning boiler that best suits your requirements, you need to find out a number of more nuances:
- volume of heated room;
- average room temperature;
- level of thermal insulation of the house;
- type of solid fuel.
Selection by power criterion
In order for the boiler to provide a comfortable temperature in the house, it is important to choose a unit with optimal power. This parameter is calculated by the formula P=S/10, where P is the power of the heat generator, and S is the area of the heated room.
By chamber volume and type of loading
When choosing equipment important role plays by the volume of the combustion chamber and the method of loading it. Since this criterion affects the main labor costs when using the boiler. It is better to give preference to units with large chambers, into which fuel is supplied from above. This arrangement allows the boiler to be completely loaded with flammable material and reduces the time between procedures.
According to heat exchanger material
The transfer of combustion energy to the coolant (water) occurs through a heat exchanger; in such devices there are two types - cast iron and steel.
- The first option is different for a long time service (30 years), but is afraid of temperature changes and hard water.
- And the second requires regular cleaning, but is resistant to sudden temperature changes and chemical composition coolant. Its operating time is 2 times less than cast iron.
Decide among the many technical parameters Professional consultants who work in specialized heating equipment stores will help.
If price is the determining parameter when choosing equipment, then it makes sense to pay attention to a domestically produced long-burning boiler. Russian models are distinguished not only by their attractive prices, but also by their high reliability.
Bottom line
By purchasing a long-burning solid fuel boiler, you are guaranteed to provide your home with uninterrupted heat supply, the cost of which will not be too burdensome for the family budget.
