Fancoil is a heat exchange equipment that is included in common system chiller-fancoil and is the final element of the whole scheme, which serves to cool / heat air in enclosed spaces.
Fan coil selection
Depending on many factors, the calculation and selection of a fan coil is made. These factors include:- the number of people in the room;
- purpose of the premises;
- area and orientation to the cardinal points window openings and walls of the room;
- geographical location of the room with temperature and humidity characteristics of the outside air;
- material and quality of external walls and ceilings;
- quantity and power lighting fixtures or other appliances that are in the room and can generate heat;
- availability of a ventilation system.
Fan coil calculation methods
There are three ways to calculate a fan coil unit to create the necessary temperature background in the room. They can be named differently.Academic
This is the most accurate and longest calculation process. Such calculations are made during scientific developments or studies of heat exchange processes of cooling / heating air in rooms using air conditioning systems. The same method applies to fan coil units. All the factors listed above and several other less significant ones are taken into account in order to provide for all the nuances in the operation of the fan coil unit to the maximum extent possible. In this case, exact reference values of thermal conductivity coefficients, heat transfer of fencing materials, heat transfer coefficients from walls to the internal and external environment are applied. When calculating, the i-d diagram of moist air is necessarily used. With this calculation, without special training, you can spend the whole day selecting fan coil units for a room of 20-30 sq. m.
Refined
Such a calculation is made by technical specialists, leading managers of companies that sell fan coil units and chiller-fan coil air conditioning systems. The calculation is not as accurate as in the previous case, but is made much faster and based on the averaged values of all reference values that may be involved in the calculation. However, with this calculation, it is necessary to calculate the performance taking into account the humidity of the air. Therefore, there are three definitions of performance:
- explicit performance, which takes into account apparent heat, i.e. all heat gains without taking into account air humidity;
- latent performance, which takes into account latent heat, i.e. all heat gains, taking into account air humidity.
- full performance, which takes into account sensible and latent heat, i.e. all heat gains, taking into account air humidity.
The calculation of latent heat is made with i-d charts or special tables.
In regions with low air humidity, you can add 20% to the calculated sensible heat and get the full heat. Thus, lay 20% for latent heat. In regions with high humidity, it is necessary to carry out a separate calculation of latent heat. Otherwise, you can make a selection with an error of up to 50-60%.
Approximate (urgent, estimated)
Such a calculation is made by managers who sell fan coils and chiller-fan coil air conditioning systems, but do not have the skills to select. It is made from the calculation of the area of \u200b\u200bthe room. For every 10 sq.m, a fan coil with a cooling capacity of 1000 W is selected. with a ceiling height of up to 2.70 - 3 m.
Almost never in such cases is the latent heat taken into account. And in regions with a humidity of 40%, latent heat is approximately 30% of apparent heat, and at a humidity of 80-90% - up to 50% of apparent heat. Such calculations may affect the operation of the entire chiller-fan coil system or lead to its breakdown, therefore, such calculations and the selection of fan coil units must be trusted to trusted and qualified specialists.
In large areas filled with many sources of heat, the installation of air conditioners is irrational. achieve comfortable conditions with less energy consumption allows the use of fan coil units. These are heat exchange devices consisting of a fan and a radiator, inside which water circulates. Before buying equipment, its power is calculated. Depending on the degree of preparedness of the consumer, calculations are carried out in an academic or simple approximate way.
How to choose the right fan coil power
The total capacity of the fan coil units must not exceed the capacity of the chiller
The chiller-fan coil system is one of the options for climatic equipment for creating a comfortable microclimate in office, commercial, industrial and domestic premises. The equipment is designed for two modes: cooling in the warm season and heating in the cold season. For multi-zone air conditioning systems, a combined option is recommended: the heat and humidity load falls on fan coil units, and ventilation provides clean air.
The main elements of the system: chiller - a machine for generating cold; and fan coil units - air conditioners-closers or fan coils, which are a heat exchange device. The heat carrier is water or an ethylene glycol mixture. The hydraulic unit provides fluid circulation in the pipeline. The purpose of fan coil units is to bring the air temperature in the room to the set parameters.
The principle of operation of the device: the fan blows air through the heat exchanger. A cold coil lowers the flow temperature. The cooled air is returned to the room. The process is accompanied by the loss of condensate discharged into the drain.
Fan coil selection
The air conditioner-closer is selected according to the full cooling capacity. The cost of cooling exceeds the power consumed for heating, so the calculation is based on the maximum values. Calculations require taking into account many parameters that affect the amount of heat and moisture generated in the room:
- Sensible heat input to the room:
- a) the location of the room and windows relative to the cardinal points;
- b) the number of people (with average physical activity, an adult generates 130-150 watts of heat);
- c) material, thickness and quality of thermal insulation of walls and ceilings;
- d) power of lighting fixtures;
- e) heat generated during operation household appliances, computers.
- Climatic conditions are typical for this region in terms of temperature and humidity.
- Coolant temperature in the chiller-fan coil system.
- The presence of ventilation, the amount of fresh air inflow.
- Functional purpose of the room.
Fan coil calculation methods
Heat loss at home
Having determined the total heat load indoors, start calculating the power of the fan coil unit. Three calculation methods are used. They differ in the complexity of implementation and the accuracy of the results.
Academic
The most accurate calculation option that takes into account all possible parameters. The academic method involves a long and complicated calculation process, it will take a beginner 8-10 hours to choose a fan coil unit for a room of 25-30 sq. m. The calculations carried out are similar to the studies carried out for the heat exchange processes of the air conditioning system. For work you will need:
- coefficients of thermal conductivity of fencing materials;
- heat transfer indicators structural materials to the external environment;
- moisture content and enthalpy (components of the id diagram).
When calculating air humidity and its processing, an id diagram is used. It contains several options:
- relative humidity;
- temperature;
- moisture content (the amount of steam in 1 kg of air);
- enthalpy (the amount of heat in 1 kg of air).
By connecting with lines all the available indicators, a diagram of the state of the air is obtained. It is used by experts to calculate air heating And fan coil.
Refined
Technicians associated with the design of air conditioning systems perform calculations on average values of reference values. The method is less accurate than the academic one, but gives a fairly reliable result. The calculation is carried out taking into account the influence of humidity on the power of fan coil units. Manufacturers in the specifications indicate two performances: explicit and full. These options require explanation:
- Explicit performance of the device - takes into account all the influxes of heat in the room without correction for humidity.
- The full performance of the fan coil is the cooling power used to compensate for sensible and latent heat. The second parameter is the heat of condensation of vapor into liquid. It is calculated by id chart or special tables.
With low air humidity, latent heat is up to 20%. By adding this number to the apparent performance, you get the total. With an increase in the humidity index, the share of latent heat increases to 50-60%.
Approximate or estimated
The simplest calculation option, which is offered by employees at points of sale of air conditioning systems using fan coil units, who do not have professional selection skills. Calculations are fast with a minimum set of parameters used. Generalized preliminary calculations in the premises for various purposes provide the following data:
- for offices with office equipment and computers, an air conditioner with a power of 150 watts per 1 sq. m;
- a residential building with a ceiling height of 2.7-3 m needs a fan coil unit with a cooling capacity of 100 watts per 1 sq. m area.
For example: the area of a room in an apartment is 20 square meters. m - Q \u003d 100 X 20 \u003d 2000 W or 2 kW.
The final power is determined without taking into account the latent heat. In regions with a dry climate, the error is up to 20%, and with high humidity(80-90%) error within 50%.
Possible difficulties
Some manufacturers of climate equipment indicate the cooling capacity of the fan coil not in the usual kW, but in BTU. British Thermal Unit means British thermal unit. The unit ratio is 1 kW = 3412 BTU/h.
The power of the devices for ease of orientation of buyers is indicated rounded. For example: 7000 BTU/h = 2100 W.
Features of the calculation of the fan coil
Manufacturers' data on the production of cold by the air conditioner-closer are tied to standard temperature indicators:
- dry thermometer 27°;
- wet bulb 19°;
- water at the fan coil inlet 7°.
Variable factors include fan speed, the specifications indicate high. There is also medium and low. Among the factors, the change of which affects the performance of the fan coil unit:
- inlet water temperature;
- air flow (fan speed);
- the amount of water passing through the fan coil;
- air temperature in the room.
Self-calculation electrical power fan coil units for office or production shop can cause serious problems. Such work is entrusted to specialists. Helps with accurate calculations online calculator on sites related to climate technology. For domestic use device will fit an approximate calculation.
In our age, when everyone has access to innovative technologies, it is a sin not to use technology to improve the feeling of comfort at home, at work, during leisure. Fancoils are not something completely new, but their equipment is constantly evolving, which gives the user great benefits. Now we have the opportunity to achieve the desired result without much effort, our microclimate is supported by smart technology and automated processes.
Fancoils are devices that can both cool and heat the air in the room. They very accurately follow the temperature set by the user, and are able to quickly cool / heat medium or large rooms. Such a device may visually look like a conventional air conditioner, namely its indoor unit. But the fan coil is more powerful and efficient; it is suitable for an environment where a conventional split system cannot cope. In addition, these devices are equipped with the function of adding fresh air and cleaning it, which will undoubtedly improve the microclimate in the building. However, you need to additionally take care of the ventilation of the room, since the admixture is not enough for the full organization of air exchange. Fresh air is just as important for our well-being as comfortable temperature. Therefore, it is recommended to install a supply or air handling unit in large and medium-sized objects.
The resource for air cooling and fan coil operation is water - cold or hot, depending on the required mode. To ensure it, you need to additionally purchase a chiller that will give it the right temperature. The chiller is equivalent to the fan coil as outdoor unit For wall air conditioner- it is installed on the roof of a building or in a special technical room and serves as the basis for cooling.
The principle of operation of the fan coil system is in the following processes:
- Water from the chiller enters through the pipeline into the fan coil heat exchanger.
- Air masses from the room are taken into the device.
- The air is cooled by contact with the heat exchanger.
- It is then blown back into the room by a fan located next to the cooler.
In order to change the intensity of cooling, that is, the performance of the unit, you need to set a certain fan speed. Modern systems have the function of automatically maintaining the desired temperature and changing the speed, if required by the air temperature.
A feature of the fan coil system is that in winter it can be switched from the chiller to the boiler, thereby ensuring the supply hot water to the heat exchanger. This will heat the room and create warm conditions during the cold season. But experts recommend using heat pumps for this - they are efficient, economical and safe for environment. With a tandem heat pump with fancoils you can heat the room almost free of charge, because the energy of the environment is used for this, and not expensive resources like gas.
Design and control of fan coil units
The design of such devices is quite simple. Important role plays a heat exchanger, which can be characterized as a radiator. Water enters it and it radiates the right temperature into the air to cool it. The cooling capacity is controlled by a fan and electric motor. It is also an integral part air filter which purifies the air of pollution. The condensate tray collects moisture from the air. In addition, an electric heater and a control system are built into the system.
Fancoils are controlled by a remote control. It can be portable, or it can be mounted on the wall, which guarantees the impossibility of losing it. Thanks to this control, you can adjust the performance level, fan speed, temperature and set various modes, automate work processes. Some remotes control one device, and some can set modes for a number of fan coil units.
How to choose a fan coil unit for a specific room
The choice of such a device is divided into two stages: selection by technical equipment and by type of system. As for the first, you need to know that the efficiency of air conditioning will depend on this. Therefore, it is better to consult with specialists about such climatic equipment. First of all, you need to take into account the following features:
- Suitable capacity for cooling and heating
- Air volume to be cooled per hour (device capacity)
- Air flow length
- The size of the object (height, width) for which the product is selected
- Type of room with its features
- Important additional functions and modes
Regarding the type of fan coil unit, we can say that it must be chosen based on the planned installation site. There are channel, cassette, universal, wall and column models. It is very important to attach importance to the type of device, because the efficiency and functionality of the product will also depend on this.
Calculation of fan coil power for the room
Just choosing the right type and the right series of fan coil units is not enough. It is also important to calculate how much cooling and heating capacity you need.
If we are talking about the performance of heating work, then it is necessary to determine what heat losses occur in the room, because heaters are needed to compensate for the lost heat (if it did not go away, then heating would not be needed). How much kW of heat the room loses depends on how much kW the device should bring. That is, if you have determined that 5 kW of heat per hour comes from the room, then you need a fan coil unit with a power of 5 kW. How to determine heat loss? You need to do the calculation according to the formula given below.
Thermal engineering calculation:
Q=kx△ T x f, Where
Q - heat loss from a certain surface / enclosing structure (slits in the walls, windows, doors, ceiling);
k - coefficient of thermal conductivity of the material
△T - difference between indoor and outdoor temperature
f - surface area (e.g. walls)
You also need to understand that when using the formula, you need to set the desired temperature to which you want to heat the room, and the average annual temperature on the street in your city. Let's say you want to heat a room up to +24 degrees, and on the street in Kiev the average annual temperature is +8.4 ° C, that is, the temperature difference is exactly 15.6 ° C - we will write this number in △T.
This formula must be applied to each surface, that is, calculate Q of the wall, Q of the floor, Q of the ceiling and others. Ultimately, we need to sum up all Q, and we get a number that will mean heat loss in kW. The higher the desired room temperature, the more heat must be supplied - the higher the difference △T, the more power in kW is needed in the fancoil.
Exactly the same principle applies when calculating the power in cooling operation, only in this case, you calculate the loss of cold in the room.
Where and how to apply them
The chiller-fan coil system is perfect for an office with many different rooms and for so-called "open space" offices, where one room is divided by partitions into many booths. In this case, a fan coil is perfect ceiling mounting- the device distributes the conditioned air along the ceiling, from where it evenly descends and cools all the cabins.
Fan coil units are widely used in business centers, shopping malls, office buildings, supermarkets and other retail outlets, hotels, and even industrial and large warehouses. You just need to choose the right power for individual characteristics a certain room, and such units will restore a comfortable temperature.
Features when using various types of fan coil units:
They have different levels of static pressure: high, medium and low pressure. This type is characterized by high performance, so if you have a large room, such as a shopping and entertainment hall, a warehouse or a large office, then this great option. Such a unit is installed, respectively, in ventilation duct, which makes it possible to supply cooled air through the ducts. 
They are installed in the ceiling space, and only the front decorative grille remains in sight. This installation method will reduce noise parameters and hide the entire structure, so this type is perfect for an office and a retail space, and other types of areas. Cassette models can have 2-way airflow and 4-way airflow.
Such fan coil units can be mounted both on the ceiling and on the floor, but they are mostly hidden by a hidden type of installation. This type of appliance is suitable for every room - it has a quiet noise level, economical consumption nutrition, and also provides good air exchange. But for good performance, it is important to take into account the following nuance: if you purchase a device preferably for cooling, then you need to install it in the upper part of the room, and if for heating, then in the lower part. 
Models of this type are very similar to conventional indoor units split systems (air conditioners). But the difference is that the fan coil has much more power and performance. The wall mounted type is suitable for medium and small spaces. Considering that they are installed on the wall, this type is equipped with a pleasant appearance and designer front panel. The advantage will be the ability to control and support optimum temperature using a thermostat, which is built into most models. But when installing a wall-mounted fan coil, you need to use a flexible pipe for the subsequent supply of water to the system.
Fancoils are climatic equipment designed for cooling or heating air. This setup includes:
- a heat exchanger where air from the room enters and where it takes the desired temperature;
- a fan with which air is supplied to the radiator;
- air filter;
- Remote Control.
With the help of fan coil units, it is possible to solve the problem of ventilation of enclosed spaces: fresh air comes from the central air conditioner.
Currently, there are several types of fan coil units:
- wall;
- floor and ceiling;
- cassette;
- channel;
- case floor;
- frameless.
Channel ones are more popular, as they imply hidden installation. However fan coil selection it is better to trust a specialist.
Proper selection of a fan coil unit is a guarantee of a long service life of the equipment
Fancoils can be used in shopping malls, cinemas, office buildings, hotels, gyms, etc. The calculation of the fan coil is carried out by the specialists of the company "Vek high technology". First of all, information is collected about the room where the equipment will be installed:
- area of the room;
- ceiling height;
- the approximate number of people in the room;
- the number of working equipment;
- the number of light bulbs;
- window arrangement.
This information is necessary to determine the required power of the unit. Further, the customer himself can select a fan coil unit in accordance with his financial capabilities and artistic preferences. It is important to determine the tasks that are assigned to the air conditioning system. To operate the fan coil in one mode: cooling or heating, two-pipe installations are used. Four-pipe devices can act as an air conditioner in summer and a heater in winter, as they have two independent heat exchangers.
You can also select the desired device online, but in this case, the performance parameters may not be determined accurately.
Chiller-fancoil system
By itself, a fan coil cannot function as an air conditioner, as a machine is needed to cool the water. Most often, this machine is a chiller. This system, called "chiller-fan coil" has a number of advantages over other climatic equipment:
- water is used as a refrigerant, which makes it possible to make pipelines long enough;
- versatility: can be used in residential, office and industrial premises;
- offline work;
- convenient control: remotely using the remote control or manually.
In order for the system to work without interruption and not increase energy costs, fan coil calculation must be done by professionals. Masters of the company "Vek vysokikh tekhnologii" will not only select the required fan coil unit, but will also perform high-quality and quick installation.
