The ceilings are insulated in my brick house. How to make ceiling insulation in a private house with your own hands and not make a mistake with the choice of insulation. Leaves, dried grass, moss

Large heat losses in the room and cold air blowing from the ceiling is a consequence of incorrect or poor-quality thermal insulation. Heat loss through the ceiling can reach 20%, since the heated air rises, and if there is no obstacle on its way that can keep it indoors, it will be “blown out”, just like your budget. Ceiling insulation measures must be carried out during the construction of the house. But if for some reason this did not happen, or the old thermal insulation has become unusable, you will have to do everything again. What are the ways to insulate a ceiling, how best to implement them in this or that case, what materials to use - these are the main questions that arise for owners. At the same time, it is important to do everything correctly so that the insulation does not become damp, condensation does not accumulate on the surface, and mold or mildew does not appear. And for this it is necessary to understand the very essence of the work performed and the processes occurring in the insulation.

Why and how to insulate the ceiling

What is meant by ceiling insulation? If it blows from above, from the side of the ceiling, we say “we need to insulate the ceiling,” but what actions are meant by this? In fact, there are several technologies, and which one is suitable in each specific case depends on the starting conditions.

In a private house, the ceiling insulation is always done from the upper room: be it the attic, the next floor or the attic. Laying thermal insulation material on top of the ceiling or in the voids of the ceiling ensures heat retention inside the room. At the same time, the height of the insulated room does not decrease, additional finishing of the ceiling is not required, and there is no need to install thermal insulation directly above the head, because it is not so easy to fix, and particles will penetrate into the living room. But the most important thing is that the processes occurring in the ceiling and heat-insulating material ensure warmth and dryness of the room and materials, condensation does not form and the insulation does not get wet.

What is the principle of attic insulation? It's no secret that the most the best insulation- this is air. All modern thermal insulation materials are essentially air enclosed in one way or another in a form. But how can you use air for insulation without paying for it? Our ancestors acted very wisely when they built houses with a gable roof and an extremely cold attic, which had two windows in the gables. Our climate allows us to play this situation to our advantage. Gable roof It retains snow well, which is also insulation. A roof covered with snow retains heat so well that even if it is -25 °C outside, the temperature inside the attic is about 0 °C. The air trapped in the attic is an ideal insulator, the characteristics of which can be changed depending on the time of year or weather by opening and closing gable windows and ventilating the room. The floor of the attic was always insulated with bulk natural materials; together with air, this made it possible to maintain the temperature inside the heated room at +20 - +25 °C. Another advantage of insulating the floor in the attic is that the material does not become damp and can be dried by ventilating the room.

Extremely important! In order for the attic to serve as a heat insulator, the roof slope cannot be insulated from the inside. This will cause the snow on the roof to melt and icicles to form on the eaves. In addition, the structure of a non-insulated roof is always open for inspection and repair.

Important! An attic that is insulated on all sides and has heating is no longer an attic. This is an attic, more suitable for the climate of warm Western European countries. The design and operation of the attic has its own rules.

In the apartment multi-storey building everything is a little different. It is not possible to insulate the ceiling or floor of the upper floor. And the problem of a drafty ceiling most often occurs among residents of the top floor. What to do? The only option is to insulate the ceiling from the inside of the room, although this is not recommended, there is no other choice.

When insulating the ceiling, it is important to remember this rule: each subsequent layer in the direction from the room must have greater vapor permeability.

Below we will look separately at ways to insulate an attic from the outside and inside.

Insulation of the ceiling from the outside (from the upper room)

Insulating the ceiling from the upper room involves laying heat-insulating material on top of the ceiling or in its voids, if any. As mentioned above, this is done in private houses and cottages. The type of insulation material and the technology for laying it depend on whether the floor is wooden or concrete. For flooring on beams, which is a wooden floor on joists, lightweight backfill materials or roll-type materials are suitable. But for insulation concrete slab- dense mats or slabs, as well as heavy backfill materials.

One of the most ancient and time-tested methods of ceiling insulation is insulating the attic with sawdust. In some regions, you can buy sawdust for next to nothing or even get it for free if there is a woodworking plant nearby. Quite often, the company itself does not know where to put the sawdust, so stop by and take it at least every year. It is better to pour sawdust on top of wooden floors.

The only drawback of this method is that the sawdust burns. Therefore, several in various ways insulation with sawdust.

Method 1. All the cracks in wooden floor coat the attic with clay, a little liquid. Sprinkle sand on top. If the clay suddenly cracks somewhere, sand will immediately be poured into the crack, and the integrity will be preserved. To protect sawdust from mice, add a layer of slaked lime mixed with carbide. Next comes the main layer - sawdust. For different regions, the thickness of this layer may be different, but the minimum is 150 - 200 mm, 250 - 300 mm is considered optimal. Since sawdust is a flammable material, a thin layer of waste slag is sprinkled on top of it, especially around hot communications - a chimney, for example. Nothing is laid on top. You can only lay out the boards for ease of walking in the attic.

Method 2. The floor surface must be protected from moisture. This can be done in two ways: the first is to lay a waterproofing film on the wooden floor that can allow steam to pass through from the side of the room, the second is to coat the entire floor with clay in the same way as in the first method. Then you need to mix sawdust with cement. To do this, take 10 parts of sawdust, approximately 1 - 2 parts of cement and 1.5 parts of water. First, sawdust is mixed with cement, then water is added. The sawdust must be slightly wet for the cement to adhere to it. The resulting mixture can be poured from above onto the attic floor or poured between the floor beams onto the subfloor. A layer of 200 mm will be enough. It is necessary to start doing all this work in the spring, so that the sawdust and cement have time to dry well over the summer (they take a long time to dry).

Important! It’s easy to check whether the sawdust has dried or not: just walk on it. Dried sawdust will not sag, but will slightly crunch.

Method 3. Similar to the second method. Only instead of cement, clay is used.

Method 4. Similar to the first method. There is no need to sprinkle slag on top. The sawdust can be spread on top with clay, only not very liquid, so that it does not spill deep inside.

Considering that expanded clay is a rather heavy material, it is not recommended to insulate wooden floors with it. There is too much risk that the wooden deck will fail. Ceilings with concrete floors are insulated with expanded clay.

First of all, the surface of the concrete floor must be covered with a vapor barrier film. It should be laid with an overlap, and the joints should be taped. An overlap is made on the walls, approximately 40 - 50 cm. Wooden rafters The chimney also needs to be covered with a vapor barrier film.

Next, crumpled clay is placed on the film. And already on top - expanded clay. For better thermal insulation, use a mixture of large and small fractions of expanded clay. Then the fine grain will fill the voids, and the backfill will be more uniform. For cold climates, the expanded clay layer should be 50 cm. The 15 - 20 cm recommended in some sources will not save the situation. It is precisely because expanded clay needs to be covered in such a large layer for high-quality thermal insulation that it is rarely used.

A light cement-sand screed with a layer of 50 mm is placed on top of the expanded clay. The solution should be thick enough so as not to spill deep into the backfill. This way, the attic will have a fairly strong floor, and it can be used for storing something or as a boiler room. A big plus is also the complete fire safety and environmental friendliness of this method.

Clay - ancient construction material, the scope of which is diverse and multifaceted. Clay itself is not used for insulation, since it effective thermal insulation its layer should be simply colossal - 50 - 80 cm. It cannot withstand such a weight wooden ceiling, and such a thickness of backfill is simply impractical; it is better to choose a modern material.

Therefore, to insulate the ceiling, clay is used in a mixture with sawdust.

First, the floor is covered with a vapor barrier film that does not allow water to pass through. Next, you can prepare a clay-sawdust solution. Water is poured into a large barrel, to which 4 - 5 buckets of clay are added. The clay is then mixed in water until the water turns dirty and the clay almost dissolves. Next, part of the resulting mixture is poured into a concrete mixer and covered with sawdust. As mixing progresses, more water is added. As a result, the solution should be neither liquid nor thick.

An excellent option for insulating the ceiling in the attic wooden house- mats made of reeds. Modern reed mats, tied with twine or wire, are simply laid staggered on top of the floors. It is better if there are 2 layers, the second of them will overlap the joints of the mats of the first layer, removing “cold bridges”. The disadvantage of this method is the fire hazard.

For those who want to insulate the ceiling with natural materials, seaweed is suitable. In coastal regions, this material can be bought for pennies, and if you really want, you can order delivery to another region. The advantage of seaweed ladders is that they do not harbor mice, they are hypoallergenic and even medicinal, as they are saturated with iodine and sea ​​salt, the vapors of which are beneficial and also do not support combustion and do not smoke. Insects and microorganisms do not grow in algae.

Seaweed is not afraid of moisture, so there is no need to vapor barrier the floor. The ladders are laid directly on the ceiling or floor in a layer of 200 mm. You can install a floor on top or lay boards for ease of movement.

Ecowool or cellulose wool is a modern material that is positioned as natural. To reduce flammability, it is treated with fire retardants or boric acid. Ecowool absorbs moisture, so there is no need to lay a vapor barrier film.

Ecowool is laid immediately on wooden or concrete floors. This requires a special blowing installation, thanks to which all the cracks are blown in, the insulation layer becomes monolithic and saturated with the air contained inside. For most regions of the Russian Federation, a layer of ecowool of 250 mm is sufficient, but in colder regions it is better to make 400 - 500 mm.

The technology for insulating the ceiling with ecowool sometimes includes spraying water. It is needed in order to speed up the process of lignin formation. Then after 1 - 3 weeks a crust appears on top of the ecowool. Due to the fact that this material tends to cake, it is always necessary to take a margin of 5 - 15%.

Penoplex is a representative of the family of extruded polystyrene foams. This material is more durable than polystyrene foam, which means it can be used for insulation. concrete floors before pouring the concrete floor on top. A good option for insulating the ceilings of the first or second floor of a low-rise private house.

It is not recommended to insulate the ceiling with Penoplex if the floors are wooden. The fact is that EPS is absolutely not a “breathable” material. As a result, moisture will accumulate in wooden structures, which will lead to the appearance of mold and mildew.

Before laying Penoplex on a concrete floor, the latter must be checked for unevenness. First, the surface is leveled, only then can a vapor barrier material be laid.

Then the Penoplex slabs are laid out. Be sure to take a running start. They are attached to the surface with special dowels with a mushroom cap. The joints between the plates are filled with polyurethane foam. After the foam has dried, a cement-sand screed with a layer of 50 mm is poured on top. It will serve as a durable floor for the attic or second floor.

Ceiling insulation with mineral wool (Ursa)

The most popular modern material for ceiling insulation is mineral wool. One of the manufacturers of thermal insulation materials based on minerals or fiberglass is the Ursa company, whose product range includes both rolled items and rigid slabs.

Ursa mineral wool in rolls is good for insulating wooden floors; it is convenient to lay it between beams. But rigid mineral wool slabs are used for thermal insulation of concrete floors, although it can also be used for wooden floors.

Ceiling insulation with Ursa is carried out as follows:

For wooden floors. A vapor barrier material is laid between the floor beams. Its installation is mandatory, since mineral wool is afraid of moisture. The film is spread with an overlap, and the joints are taped, an overlap of 15 - 25 cm is made on the walls. Next, rolls of Ursa mineral wool with a thickness of 100 to 250 mm are laid between the beams, depending on heat loss calculations. The material must enter the space with force. To do this, it must be cut with a small margin of 2 cm more than the distance between the beams. Then there are two ways: the first - you can leave the mineral wool open, but then it will be impossible to walk on the floor, the second - you can make a wooden floor on top, leaving a gap of 3 mm between the mineral wool and the floor boards. The advantage of mineral wool is its fire safety.

For concrete floors. The concrete surface is leveled and then covered with a vapor barrier film. Mineral wool slabs are laid on top, always spaced apart. Next, a wooden floor or flooring made of boards, plywood, etc. is installed. It is not recommended to screed over mineral wool, since concrete has low vapor permeability, which means that the main rule of thermal insulation will not be observed.

Ceiling insulation with foam (polyurethane foam)

Polyurethane foam is a modern material that is advertised everywhere as the most ideal insulation for ceilings and attics. Advantages of this material are non-flammability, good adhesion, neutrality to microorganisms and insects, waterproofing and soundproofing properties, resistance to temperature fluctuations, absence of cold bridges. The disadvantage is complete vapor tightness; this has a bad effect on the microclimate of the room.

Ceiling insulation with polyurethane foam is carried out only by an organization specializing in this. The material is sprayed under high pressure so that it is blown into all the cracks and envelops protruding elements - columns, etc. The layer is usually 10 - 12 cm.

Insulation of the ceiling from the inside

An extremely undesirable measure is to insulate the ceiling from inside the room. In addition to reducing the overall height of the room, there is an extremely high risk of heat-insulating material or its evaporation entering the room, as well as the likelihood of mold and mildew appearing in the insulation. But if there is no other way out, you will have to at least take into account a number of restrictions: do not use mineral wool and form a ventilation gap between the insulation and the ceiling finish.

Ceiling insulation with extruded polystyrene foam (Penoplex)

Eps is a good option for insulation concrete ceiling. First, the sheathing is nailed onto which the drywall will later be attached. The height of the sheathing beam should be 2 - 3 mm greater than the thickness of the insulation. The pitch between the slats should be equal to the width of Penoplex minus 1 - 2 mm. Next, the insulation is stuffed between the sheathing; it must fit in with force. For greater reliability, it must be secured to the ceiling with dowels. Then plasterboard is attached to the sheathing and a suspended ceiling is obtained. Instead of drywall, you can install a suspended ceiling.

Penofol is foamed polyethylene, one side of which is foil-coated. Its thermal insulation properties are not that great, but if the heat loss is not too great, it may be sufficient.

It is necessary to fill the ceiling with a sheathing, to which Penofol is attached, with the foil side facing the room. It can be nailed to the sheathing. It is necessary to create a ventilation gap on both sides of this material, so another sheathing is placed on top of it, to which drywall is attached. A stretch ceiling option is also possible.

The second way to insulate a ceiling with Penofol is to use it in combination with Penoplex.

In addition to the Penoplex insulation method described above, Penofol is applied to the sheathing, and only then plasterboard.

Insulation of the ceiling with heat-insulating plaster mixtures

For some unknown reason, the option of insulating the ceiling with special heat-insulating plaster mixtures is not popular. But in vain. This is an excellent material for insulating concrete ceilings. Plasters are absolutely environmentally friendly, decorative, do not suffer from moisture and steam, do not burn and are not afraid of fungus or mold. Among the materials from UMKA there are items that can be used indoors.

Insulating the ceiling with white agglomerate of cork tree bark is an environmentally friendly natural method of insulation. The plug is convenient to use during installation suspended ceiling Armstrong type, secured to the sheathing. The use of a vapor barrier is not necessary, since cork is not afraid of moisture.

The methods of ceiling insulation described above are the most common, but the general list does not end there. There are many other natural and synthetic materials that can be used to insulate the attic of a private home. When choosing this or that method and material, be sure to take into account the overall concept of your home. For example, insulating the ceiling of an environmentally friendly wooden house with Penoplex or Penofol is at least stupid. To keep the wood dry and give it the opportunity to “breathe,” you need to choose natural, vapor-permeable materials, such as seaweed, reeds, sawdust or ecowool. And for a house made of concrete, foam concrete or brick, EPS and polyurethane foam are perfect.

Floors in private houses are usually made of wood: beams are laid, and then they are lined with boards from below. If the house does not have a heated attic, the ceiling in the building must be insulated. And when installing equipment in the attic of a living space, it won’t hurt to lay something over the ceiling. After all, most, among other things, can also serve as excellent sound insulators.

Material selection

So, let's look at how to insulate a house. And first, let's figure out what type of insulator is best to choose in a given case. Typically, floors in country buildings are insulated:

• mineral wool;
• expanded polystyrene;
• sawdust;
• expanded clay.

Advantages and disadvantages of mineral wool

This heat insulator is currently the most popular and is used most often in private homes. Its main advantages include:

• Low cost.
• Easy to install.
• High heat-retaining qualities.
• Insulating the ceiling in a house with this material can also improve the soundproofing properties of the floors.
• Durability.
• Non-flammability.

The disadvantages of this material include:

• The ability to accumulate moisture and lose some of its thermal insulation qualities.
• Not too high a degree of environmental cleanliness.

Expanded polystyrene

This material is also an excellent answer to the question of how to insulate a wooden ceiling in a house. It is a lightweight, environmentally friendly board. Although they are made using a slightly different technology, their appearance is very similar to the well-known polystyrene foam. They differ from the latter in that they practically do not crumble and retain heat much better. Expanded polystyrene lasts much longer than polystyrene foam. Unlike mineral wool, this material is not afraid of moisture at all. Its main advantage over basalt insulator is its smaller thickness with the same heat-retaining qualities.

Its disadvantages include only its rather high cost and flammability. In addition, it is strictly not recommended to use this material if there are rodents in the house. Mice simply love to make passages and holes in foamy materials.

Expanded clay

This material is also very often used to insulate a wooden ceiling in a private house. Expanded clay is a special porous granule made from clay. The material is very inexpensive and retains heat well. Its main advantage is that it can last much longer than any other insulation. Not afraid of expanded clay and water. In addition, it is very durable and fire resistant.

Sawdust

The main advantages of this bulk material absolute environmental friendliness and low weight are considered. Insulating the ceiling with sawdust is very inexpensive. At sawmills they sell this material for literally pennies, and sometimes even give it away for free. The disadvantages of sawdust include, first of all, a very high risk of fire. In addition, they may dry out or begin to rot. Like polystyrene foam, they can harbor mice or rats.

Insulation of a wooden ceiling in a private house with mineral wool

When insulating the ceiling from the attic side, this material is laid as follows:

• In a building under construction, the ceiling itself, made from edged boards, is placed on the beams below. If the house is old and there are already floors in the attic, a cellular frame should be installed on them.
• A vapor barrier is laid between the beams. You can use either polyethylene or foil material. The latter option is more expensive, but performs its function much better. In addition, foil can reflect heat back into the room. Therefore, such materials, in addition to everything else, are also capable of additionally retaining heat. A vapor barrier is installed on existing attic floors in old houses before installing the frame under the slabs.
• At the next stage, the mineral wool itself is installed. They put her to shame. That is, the step between the beams should be slightly less than the width of the slabs. This allows you to arrange as much as possible effective insulation. You need to start laying the wool from the corner farthest from the door. To make it comfortable to walk on the floor, it is worth lining the attic with strips of plywood.
• A waterproofing layer is laid on top of the mineral wool if the attic is not intended to be insulated in the future. If the roof is waterproofed with a film, this stage you can skip it.
• Next, the finishing floor of the attic is filled.

In exactly the same way, insulation of a wooden ceiling in a brick or poured concrete one is carried out. If there is a chimney in the attic, the slabs are placed on it to a height of 40-50 cm and secured.

Installation from inside

Next, let's see how to insulate a wooden ceiling in a house with mineral wool from the living room side. Most often, the material in this case is installed simultaneously with the pre-assembled metal carcass under drywall. The distance between its constituent profiles is usually 40 cm. Mineral wool slabs have a width of 50-120 cm. Therefore, installation is carried out using the accordion method. The cotton wool is simply slipped under the frame elements. In this case, the plates are installed close to each other. Carrying out this work, you should try not to wrinkle the material. Otherwise, the cotton wool will lose some of its performance characteristics.

Do-it-yourself ceiling insulation from the inside continues with the installation of a vapor barrier film. Next, the gypsum boards themselves are installed on the frame. In the event that installation suspended ceilings will not be carried out, the work is performed using a slightly different technology:

• The ceiling is first covered with a vapor barrier film. If there is no attic above, it is better to use a waterproofing membrane.
• Next he gets stuffed wooden sheathing. For its manufacture, bars with a cross section of 30*30 - 40*40 mm are used. In this case, the step between the frame elements is made so that the slabs lie sideways.
• At the next stage, mineral wool is inserted between the bars. If the sheathing was installed correctly, the slabs will hold up well just like that. However, in order to completely eliminate the risk of falling out, it is worth additionally securing them with special mushroom dowels.
• Next, it is stretched onto the frame. You need to nail it with slats at least three centimeters thick. This will provide an additional ventilation layer.
• At the next stage, the ceiling is usually sheathed with plywood and covered with ceiling tiles.

Installation of polystyrene foam

Now let's figure out how to insulate the ceiling in wooden house using another modern material. Typically, expanded polystyrene is laid in the attic in the same way as mineral wool - between beams or in the sheathing. However, it is entirely possible to install it directly on the attic floors, if any, that is, without installing a frame. In this case, the base must be thoroughly cleaned of dirt and leveled. Then the work is done like this:

• Check to see if the floor boards have rotted or come loose.
• Lay a layer of vapor barrier. Fastening is done using staplers.
• From the corner farthest from the door, begin laying out the expanded polystyrene slabs. At the same time, make sure that the joints do not meet in a cross. That is, they perform staggered laying.
• The joints between the plates are sealed with polyurethane foam and additionally taped with construction tape.
• Since slabs are a rather fragile material, a board is either stuffed on top of them or poured cement screed 3-4 cm. In the first case, before laying polystyrene foam on the floors, you will need to fill several logs.

Using polystyrene foam from the inside

Insulation of a wooden ceiling in a private house in this case is carried out as follows:

• The ceiling is thoroughly cleaned of dirt, old plaster (if any), etc.
• After this it should be primed.
• Next, polystyrene foam boards are glued to the ceiling using foam glue. In this case, the material should also be additionally secured with “fungi”.
• A reinforcing mesh is glued on top of the slabs.
• Next, the ceiling is plastered.

Of course, you can install polystyrene foam in the same way as mineral wool, that is, in the sheathing. In this case, the ceiling is final stage sheathed with plywood, clapboard or edged boards.

We insulate the ceiling in a wooden house with expanded clay

In this case, the space between the floor beams is pre-covered with roofing felt. You can also use very thick plastic film. must cover the beams themselves as well. The seams on the roofing felt are taped bitumen mastic, on film - with tape. Along the perimeter of the attic waterproofing material must be raised to the height of the future backfill layer.

Next, the ceiling itself is insulated with expanded clay. Sometimes the roofing material is pre-coated with a clay solution. The thickness of the expanded clay layer is usually 12-16 cm. It is advisable to use a material that has different fractions of granules. In this case, the insulating layer will be denser and more even. Sometimes crushed foam is added to expanded clay to enhance the thermal insulation effect.

The heat insulator is covered with a waterproofing film on top. Next is arranged concrete screed 4-5 cm thick. 20 days after pouring, you can begin finishing the floor.

Insulation with sawdust

For such material, cement is usually used as a binder. In order to prevent the appearance of rodents, you can also add a little lime to the sawdust. Rotting is prevented by using borax.

As with expanded clay insulation, the attic floors in this case are first covered with roofing felt or plastic film. You can also use sheet glassine.

The sawdust itself has the following requirements:

• They must be aged for at least a year.
• The material must be dry.
• It is not allowed to insulate the ceiling with sawdust, rotted or infested insects.
• It is best to use sawdust of the middle fraction.

After the attic floors have been prepared and waterproofed, they begin to actually prepare the insulating solution itself. To do this, for ten buckets of sawdust, take one bucket of cement and half a bucket of lime. In addition, dilute a glass of borax in a bucket of water and spray this solution from a watering can over the mixture. The amount of water depends on the moisture level of the sawdust. Usually you have to add 5-10 liters.

The chimney must be laid before installing this type of insulation. The wiring in the attic in this case is pulled in special metal pipes. It is not necessary to screed over sawdust insulation. The frozen mixture itself will be quite strong.

So, you now know how to insulate a wooden ceiling in a house. If the work will be done from the inside, use thinner polystyrene foam. When insulating from the attic side, it is better to use mineral wool. You can save money by using expanded clay or sawdust.

Ceiling insulation must be done in any private houses or apartments located on the upper floors. According to the laws of physics warm air always rises up, and cold water always rushes down. If there are cracks in the ceiling, then warm air masses will evaporate, and the room will always be cold. In order not to “heat the street”, it is recommended to take the issue of ceiling insulation seriously.

Peculiarities

It happens that it is not possible to insulate the ceiling from the outside in an apartment in a multi-storey building. The only option in this case is to carry out installation work indoors. To understand the features of insulation in a private house from the inside, you should first consider the structure of the insulation and the volume necessary work. It is necessary to combine the following layers sequentially:

• external waterproofing;
• lathing for fastening insulation;
• thermal insulation;
• finishing of the upper surfaces.

How to insulate?

In order to insulate a room inside, several types of materials are used. Most often, a special heat-insulating material is used, which is called glassine. It has the following advantages:

• economically beneficial;
• practical;
• resistant to temperature changes;
• resists moisture well.

Insulation materials with similar characteristics are also popular. These include the following:

• nenofol;
• expanded polystyrene;
• isolon;
• penoplex;
• technical wool;
• cork.

PVC film is most often used as waterproofing, which reliably protects against leaks. Its service life is several decades. It is profitable to use film, because it is inexpensive.

PVC film should be overlapped, this is done so that condensation does not penetrate the surface of the supporting structures. The inner layer of waterproofing is glued, the seams are sealed with tape, they must be airtight.

Drywall

Drywall is good because it provides ideal flat surface without seams, you can use it to make any type of ceiling. To work with drywall, two types of lathing are used:

• made of wood– it is easier to work with such material, it costs less;
• made of galvanized profile– is more durable, does not deteriorate under the influence of temperature changes, and is not susceptible to mold or mildew.

Technical wool

Ceiling insulation in a private household using technical wool is carried out in the following way:

• using a stapler, a PVC film is mounted to the ceiling, which will reliably protect against moisture getting on the slabs;
• the lathing is made of wooden blocks in increments of 40–50 cm. The size of the block must correspond to the thickness of the thermal plates, that is, it must be 5 cm;
• slabs of technical wool are laid and secured with special mounting rails. This design is reliable and simple, not subject to deformation.

Mineral wool has several important characteristics.

• Low thermal conductivity - 0.036 W/ (m*K); for insulation, a layer of no more than 10 cm is sufficient, which corresponds to the usual thickness of load-bearing beams.
• The material has increased vapor permeability, 50 kg of weight per cubic meter the coefficient is 0.7 mg/ (m*h*Pa). This figure is higher than that of wood.
• Slight hygroscopicity, that is, upon contact with liquid, the material will absorb no more than 2% of moisture from the total volume.
• Mineral wool slabs have high fire safety. Such insulation is non-flammable and does not contribute to the spread of fire.
• Mineral wool has good soundproofing characteristics and is capable of effectively blocking sound waves of various frequencies. It is especially advantageous to use basalt insulation, because it does not deform and has long term services. One package is enough to treat about twenty square meters.
• The material is not susceptible to the harmful effects of fungus or mold, and has antiseptic properties.
• Porous material, which has a specific low weight, cannot be burdensome for load-bearing structures, which contributes to long term services.

Condensation has a detrimental effect on technical wool; it inevitably loses its beneficial features. PVC slabs are not afraid of moisture and are not subject to erosion or the spread of fungus. The advantages of mineral wool are that it is not afraid of moisture and does not become damp. Mineral wool is cheaper than PVC boards, does not contain toxins, foam boards emit harmful components.

It is worth remembering that when working with mineral wool, you should always use gloves and goggles to prevent microparticles from getting into your eyes or on the skin of your hands.

Execution of work

The easiest to install on the inside of the room is basalt insulation. It is dense and easy to process. In order to secure it, no special equipment or any special mechanisms are required. Plywood is suitable for hemming beams interfloor covering. This material is good for hemming load-bearing structures that are attached from below. They can support insulation boards that are placed between the beams.

The most commonly used plywood is 1 cm thick, which is why it is the most popular grade of FC. There are often cases when FSF brand plywood is also used. It smells less of formaldehyde. In addition to plywood, materials such as gypsum plasterboard, KVL and lining are also used. Plywood is installed as follows:

• the sheet is cut to the required dimensions;
• a gap of about 2–3 mm is left between the wall and plywood;
• prepared elements are secured using self-tapping screws;
• The distance between the screws is approximately 15–25 cm.

They also constantly use polyurethane glue, sold in large cylinders. The good thing about this material is that if it is used correctly, it does not require the use of expensive polyurethane foam. This material is good for sealing joints in thermal insulation, for example, in the attic. If the attic space is residential, then the use of tongue and groove boards will be required. If the room has a technical purpose, then it is more correct to use plywood.

A special primer for wood must be present, because it is used to treat beams, ceilings and sheathing. A special primer reliably protects wooden structures from the action of microorganisms and harmful insects.

To secure communications to the ceiling, use a plastic or wooden box. This kind of work is easy to do with your own hands. Last years PVC foam cylinders are also increasingly being used. Sometimes the boxes are also lined with mineral wool, which reduces the level of fire hazard and creates additional sound insulation.

Installation of insulation in the attic occurs in the following way:

• prepared thermal slabs made of technical wool are laid on a horizontal surface, which is lined with a waterproofing film;
• In order for the slabs to fall into place, they must be prepared in advance;
• the task of adjusting thermal plates is important, since the gap between the material should be minimal;
• Often the space between the plates is filled with polyurethane foam, which guarantees the absence of “cold bridges”.

The main materials that homeowners use for insulation are the following:

• glass wool;
• basalt slabs;
• stone-like;
• foam propylene in rolls;
• foam boards;
• polyplex;
• polystyrene;
• expanded clay

And also the so-called sawdust is often used. These are wood shavings that are mixed with lime, cement mixture or clay. This process is labor intensive and requires a fair amount of time. Therefore, it is resorted to only in cases where a large amount of such wood waste is available.

PVC boards are considered the most popular. They can be successfully used both inside and outside. The gable roof is insulated primarily from the inside, and massive load-bearing beams are also treated; in the cold season they can be a significant source of cold.

Typically, the ceiling and roof consume up to forty percent of the total heat exchange of a house. Ceiling insulation is a pressing issue for many families. This type of work requires certain knowledge and skills of a builder. As with any construction process, it has its own characteristics and difficulties. Nowadays, thanks to modern technologies, any novice builder and ordinary person will be able to do such work.

Peculiarities

The so-called cold roof is built according to slightly different principles. During its construction, the usual types of layering of materials are not used. A similar type exists in those houses where the room under the roof is not residential and is not heated in winter.

Due to this roof structure, it is lightweight and minimum costs during construction. The installation itself is much easier than when building a roof with a warm structure. Previously, it was believed that this was an ideal and inexpensive option when building a simple country house.

It is important to know that due to the lack of heating in the upper room, the air there acts as a buffer, which helps to avoid unnecessary heat losses.

Due to the increase in heating tariffs, many people began to think about insulating their ceilings. A large number of heat evaporates from the house due to the presence of cracks in the ceilings. This is due to poor quality construction and poor building materials.

Insulation of the ceiling and the presence of a cold roof is a pressing problem for residents of the top floors. This is especially true for old housing stock. This problem is also relevant for owners who live in a private house. The attic is neutral territory, and the management company may not allow a layer of insulation to be placed there. Therefore, the option remains to insulate the ceiling in your own apartment.

The peculiarity of this solution is that several useful centimeters from the ceiling height will be lost. But due to the capabilities of drywall and various lighting fixtures you can get an updated and fashionable interior. To keep warm and not pay too much for heating, you should think about insulating the ceiling.

Thermal insulation of the ceiling in a private house has its own characteristics. It is customary to start work from the second or outermost floor. This could be an attic, top floor or attic space. Laying a special material with thermal insulation properties occurs on top of the ceiling or in empty cracks and helps retain heat in the room.

You won't need to think about additional ceiling finishing. The craftsman will not need to install insulation on the ceiling itself. Thanks to the placement of insulation in the ceiling, condensation will not form.

You need to know that you cannot insulate the roof slope. This will contribute to the melting of snow and the formation of icicles. In addition, an insulated attic is already an attic according to building standards. It is also important to know about this feature: the next layer directed out of the room should be more vapor permeable than the previous one.

Another feature is that it is impossible to drain the condensate. This rule also applies to sloped ceilings. There are drainage walls. This is a very expensive and difficult pleasure for owners of a private home. Cool and hot sides of the ceiling apartment building can change places. It depends on the time of year.

It's worth knowing that modern technology Ceiling insulation is focused on the absence of condensation in the material itself.

And if it does form, then it should have the opportunity to come out.

Another feature is the process of laying on a cold floor. When using loose material, be sure to leave gaps. Another gap remains between the insulator and the insulation layer. This technique is a safety net in case of condensation.

In a private house or cottage, it is possible to insulate the ceiling of the next floor using a special material that is placed on top of the ceiling or in existing voids. The features of the overlap depend on its type. It can be made of wood or concrete.

To put insulation on beams, which are a wooden floor, you should use lightweight and backfill materials. Materials in roll form are also suitable. In order to insulate concrete, it is worth using not very loose mats and dense materials.

If the issue of insulation was not resolved at the construction stage or we are talking about the last floor of a residential building, then it is quite justified to start insulation as needed.

If we are talking about insulating the roof of a private house made of wood, then in this case there are a number of advantages. The insulation will create additional sound insulation. This is especially true during times of heavy rain and wind outside. In hot weather, the insulation will block the entry of hot air from the street. Due to this, a pleasant climate will remain in the room.

In winter, an insulated roof will help significantly save energy and will prevent heat from escaping from the room to the street.

You can insulate the ceiling in a private house made of wood yourself. It is important to be well prepared. Need to know properties different materials, their pros and cons, master specific technology for ceiling insulation, study video instructions.

It has become fashionable to insulate attics and turn them into attics. A feature of such a room is the criteria ventilation area, which are located between the room and external structure. The size of such ventilation usually ranges from fifteen to twenty centimeters. But a regular roof has an attic with dormer windows. Therefore, to create a warm climate there, it is important to take care of sufficient air circulation.

When heating, good ventilation reduces the degree of heating of the roof and prevents the formation of ice blocks on the roof.

For residents multi-storey buildings or private, if it is not possible to insulate the roof from the top floor, you can consider another option. We are talking about insulation from below. This type of work is possible if reconstruction of premises with good overlap in the attic, when there is no way to get into the attic space. This is especially true for residents of apartment buildings and intractable managers. In this case, the structure will be installed based on a frame made of wooden slats or metal elements. The insulation can be in the form of slabs.

There is a big disadvantage with this type of insulation. As mentioned earlier, due to this technique, the height of the room and precious centimeters are lost.

In addition, such work requires more experience and time to complete.

It must be remembered that good and durable insulation will be achieved with an integrated approach. Moreover, in a room with cold roof In addition, it is necessary to insulate door and window openings and, without fail, the floor. Using a thermal imager, you can easily calculate the areas through which the greatest amount of heat escapes. They are usually red and yellow.

Materials

Currently in construction stores There is a large selection of insulation materials available. To choose necessary options, it is worth carefully studying the presented samples and their main characteristics. They must meet all the necessary requirements.

There are several nuances on the basis of which you should choose materials. It is important to know that products with low thermal conductivity are best suited for this. The material must be moisture resistant. This is an important criterion when choosing insulation for the outside and for a rather worn-out roof.

Insulation and other materials must last quite a long time, so they must be durable. Don't forget about environmental safety. For work you need to choose non-flammable or low-flammable products.

For a private home, the best insulation is expanded clay.

Often shavings or sawdust are used, stone or mineral wool, ecowool, polystyrene foam, penoplex, and aerated concrete are often used. Polyurethane foam is a sprayable type of material.

To insulate the roof of a wooden house, it is worth using certain types of insulation. The material must be selected strictly in accordance with the type of flooring. It comes in two types - concrete or wood. For concrete it is worth using heavier insulation materials. They come in the form of a mat or slab. As a rule, they are of the backfill type.

Builders often use insulation materials of natural origin. These include sawdust, hay, pine needles, last year's leaves, algae or reeds. However, it is worth remembering that everything natural materials, except sawdust, are subject to severe rotting.

It is important to approach the issue of choosing material extremely responsibly.

Which to choose?

Insulation in the form of shavings or sawdust is considered the oldest material. In areas where woodworking production is highly developed, this material is very cheap. It is perfect for creating a layer of insulation on top of a wooden floor. A significant disadvantage of this type of insulation is its high flammability.

There are three types of mineral wool in the construction industry: stone, slag and glass. Stone wool It is obtained from rocks with the addition of clay, limestone and formaldehyde.

A significant disadvantage of this material is that it contains harmful substances. When heated, they turn into phenols and enter the air. Balsat wool is considered safer; it contains harmful substances far less.

Slag wool is obtained from the use of blast furnace slag and other waste from the metallurgical industry. Due to its average thermal conductivity and ability to absorb large amounts of moisture, it is not suitable for insulating a cold ceiling.

Glass wool is the most suitable material, and it is also extremely low cost.

The obvious disadvantage is that if particles of the material get on the skin or mucous membranes of a person, it can cause harm to health. In this case, experts advise using gloves and special means protection.

A clear advantage of wool as a home insulation is its ease of transportation and installation. This is possible due to its low weight. Cotton wool has low flammability and high temperatures can only sinter. For the owners country houses and cottages, it is important to know that glass wool is not the most favorite material for insects, various rodents and mold to live in.

Polyethylene foam is foamed PVC, on which a layer of foil is applied. The manufacturer produces this insulation in rolls up to one meter wide. You can also insulate the ceiling using polystyrene foam. But it is important to know what will be required in this case additional installation suspended structures. In a private home, it is also good to use polystyrene foam. It fits tightly and, due to its good density, is often used in the attic as a base for further putty.

Expanded clay is also very popular. It is better if it is made of light alloy clay. Due to this, the material is light and has a fairly porous structure. The production of modern insulation allows you to choose foam products. Many builders consider isover as insulation. This material is similar in many characteristics to mineral wool. But it is more elastic and resistant to stress.

Another worthy option is penofol. His distinctive feature is the property of reflecting thermal radiation. This material is well suited as insulation inside and outside the house. With this method it is quite possible to insulate the entire country house, and not just the ceiling.

Don't forget about polyurethane foam. It is a convenient and good quality material that meets all the necessary characteristics as insulation. It is a polyurethane foam that only needs to be sprayed on to get the desired result. It not only insulates, but also helps to soundproof the room.

For residents apartment building It's best to get permission from management company and insulate the attic floor.

An excellent option in this case would be to use expanded clay. This material is fire resistant and perfectly protects against moisture.

Vapor-permeable insulation is often used inside the apartment. In the process repair work The master uses special materials that fill the entire ceiling area. After this you can start finishing works using drywall.

Application area

As noted earlier, materials can be used both indoors and above the ceiling. Sawdust and clay are ideal for eliminating defects in wooden floors. The floor is worked with clay, then sprinkled with a thin layer of sand and sawdust is scattered on top.

To prevent mice from getting into the sawdust, you should use carbide mixed with slaked lime. In an old house made of timber, the height of such insulation can reach thirty centimeters. When using the attic in economic purposes It is enough to put wooden boards on top of such insulation.

Experienced craftsmen use a special film with waterproofing.

It allows particles of steam to escape from living spaces. For a residential building, you can use a mixture of clay and sawdust. Great option in a log or frame house.

In any case, people will walk on the concrete floor of an apartment building. This will happen during repair or maintenance work. In this case, you should choose dense foam or mineral wool. It is necessary to put plywood or board on the insulation.

You can use these two types of insulation and a less dense layer. Due to this, the material will be much cheaper. In this case, you need to make a wooden sheathing on the slab. It is better if it is on stands, because the mounted height can reach twenty centimeters or more. Insulation is laid under such sheathing and a gap is created for ventilation.

For insulation reinforced concrete floor V brick house You can use polystyrene foam. In this case there is no question of separating toxic substances in case of fire. Residential apartments are separated from it by a special ceiling that does not burn.

If there is a wooden floor, it is not advisable to use polystyrene foam.

This also applies to norms fire safety. The most common type of flooring between floors is wood. In this case, you should opt for ecowool. This type of material is placed in bulk; it can fill any space.

Ecowool tiles are laid in several layers. It is important that the seams of the layers are overlapped. After insulation, the attic turns into an attic, but this applies to private houses and cottages.

Current in Lately There was a question about insulation in the basement.

IN modern houses such a room can be equipped into a real living room. This could be an office, a gym or a workshop. In any case, this room can only be used if the temperature in it is comfortable for a person. Insulation basement- this is the right step towards saving energy and heat throughout the house. Even if the basement is unsuitable for equipping useful space in it, it still needs to be insulated.

This can be done internally, externally or in a combined way. The choice of thermal insulation materials is quite wide. The main thing is to choose the appropriate option for specific purposes.

Work technology

It is very important that the roof of the house is warm. This is not cheap, but it saves your budget in the future. After all, energy costs are significantly reduced.

When working on ceiling insulation with expanded clay, the weight of the material itself is of great importance. Due to the weight of expanded clay, it cannot be used in the presence of wood floors. Due to the heaviness of the material, the decking may completely collapse. Expanded clay should be used in the presence of concrete floors. The insulation scheme for the ceiling and roof may vary slightly.

Preparing the attic begins with clearing the entire area of ​​clutter and debris.

If there is old insulation, it is best to remove it too. It can create unnecessary load on the floors.

The next step is to carry out thorough isolation. This is necessary so that in the spring you do not have to remove the consequences of flooding. A special membrane is used for this. It is placed between the joists so that about four centimeters are screwed onto the sides of the joists.

The insulator must be pressed very tightly against the joists. It is usually fixed with a stapler or glue.

Wooden floor must have oxygen access on at least two sides.

After this, laying of the first layer of insulation begins. It is placed up to the joist level. Then the insulation is covered with a membrane, which has a low oxygen permeability. Then the wood flooring is laid. Special gaps are left for ventilation.

It is necessary to correctly select the thickness of the insulation.

In this case, it is worth considering the waterproofing layer. Often builders use material about fifty millimeters thick.

When carrying out insulation using polyurethane foam, you will need to call a specialist. The spraying process occurs under high pressure. Due to this, all the cracks are filled. The thickness of the layer is from ten to twelve centimeters.

Mineral wool as insulation has different thicknesses. Indicators depend on the volume of work. The layer of wool used as insulation can range from two to twenty centimeters.

Polyethylene foam is polyethylene foam.

The thickness of this material ranges from one millimeter to two centimeters. Polystyrene foam is laid in slabs. The thickness of one slab varies from two to ten centimeters. This happens because the material needs to be overlapped.

When insulating the attic, use various materials for insulation. But the average ranges from fifteen to twenty centimeters. The layer of clay and straw is approximately ten centimeters. To ensure that everything is straight, you should use a special ruler or stick.

Thermal insulation options

There are only two options for insulating a cold ceiling and roof - either the ceiling is insulated inside the room, or the ceiling is insulated outside. Both of these options will perfectly help preserve heat and electricity in the house. Each of these options has its own set necessary materials and installation technology.

Materials for thermal insulation are divided into two classes - vapor-permeable and vapor-tight. These readings indicate the ability to absorb moisture. It is for these reasons that one or another type of material is chosen for performing work on insulating a ceiling or roof. For external insulation work, vapor-proof material is used, and for interior work– vapor permeable.

Mineral insulation is most often used inside. The work can be done using rolled glass wool. When combined with a plasterboard ceiling, you will get an excellent buffer for hot air. The insulation process is carried out at the time of installation of the suspended ceiling.

It will be correct if first a frame is made from profiles, in which the insulation will then be placed.

If the work is done with your own hands and on our own, do not forget about safety precautions.

Glass wool is a rather dangerous material. The methods for attaching glass wool to the ceiling are quite simple. The material is glued with tile adhesive. It is important that the glue dries as quickly as possible. After all the insulation has dried, it is covered with plasterboard.

It is worth remembering that cotton wool cannot be compacted or pressed.

Due to these features, it is attached with glue and not with screws. The entire thermal effect of mineral wool lies in the abundant amount of interlayers that are placed inside the wool.

The need to independently insulate the ceiling of a private house often arises both for those who have already erected a building and for those who are still planning construction. Contrary to the belief that it is difficult to carry out such work on your own, insulating the ceiling is not difficult without the involvement of third-party workers - the owner himself can do this, having some skills and choosing the insulation for the ceiling (which is best suited for the given building).

The need to insulate the ceiling is by no means due only to the low temperature in the building in question. Sometimes humidity becomes more important, increasing as a result of temperature differences on the floors. The amount that has to be spent on additional heating to compensate for heat loss.

How to insulate the ceiling in a house with your own hands will be described in detail below.

Before attributing low temperature problems in the house to the ceiling, it is worth deciding whether insulation is really necessary.

It is necessary to insulate the ceiling in several cases:

1. You are just starting to build a house, and the ceiling separating the living space and the unheated attic will consist only of ceiling beams. Then it is reasonable to lay thermal insulation material between them, and then “sew up” them.
2. The house has already begun to be inhabited, that is, the ceiling has been ready for a long time, but in winter it turned out that it was necessary to insulate it, since in cold weather it is cold inside the house.
3. No one lives on the top floor, so the temperature there is significantly lower than the temperature in the lower inhabited rooms. Thus, a heated room loses heat to an unheated room.

When considering how to insulate the ceiling in a private house, it is worth assessing all these factors.

It is not necessary to insulate the ceiling when:

1. Boards with holes were used that were not sufficiently insulated. With this option, it is worth insulating the walls.
2. Both the upper and lower floors are inhabited. Such floors can only be soundproofed (that is, make a ceiling lining and lay the floor).

General requirements for ceiling insulation

When deciding how to insulate a ceiling, you need to consider several rules:

1. It is worth choosing the most environmentally friendly material.
2. The insulation must be fireproof
3. Due to the insulation material, heat loss should be reduced, and not the steam circulation occurring in the house.
4. Moisture should not get on the insulation.

How to insulate the ceiling?

When choosing insulation for the ceiling (which one is best), pay attention to the variety of materials, usually divided into 4 types: bulk, sheet, fibrous and liquid.

Among them are:

• Expanded clay is a loose, lightweight clay-based insulation material. It does not burn, is environmentally friendly, is not afraid of moisture and has good thermal insulation. Rodents and pests are not interested in it, and they do not grow in this material.
• Sawdust is a natural material, cheap, easy to use, but very attractive to rodents and a fire hazard. It can be used only after first thinking through the processing methods.
• Mineral wool is a very commonly used insulation option, with excellent thermal insulation characteristics, but quite high hygroscopicity, so this insulation must be protected from moisture.
• Ecowool based on cellulose. Eco-friendly and well-insulating material.
• Polystyrene foam is easy to use and ideal for DIY installation. Non-hygroscopic and highly fireproof.
• Penoizol is a polymer material that is an innovation in the range of insulation materials. Penoizol is filled into cavities, where it then hardens. The material is reliable, does not retain moisture and is safe against possible fires.

Penoizol - innovative insulation for ceilings

Types of buildings for ceiling insulation

You can decide how to properly insulate the ceiling, taking into account the type of building to be worked on. There are several of them:

• brick buildings;
• wooden buildings;
• houses made of foam blocks.

The design and material of the floors will be of great importance when planning the insulation of both the ceiling and walls. Therefore, only by finding the optimal method of insulation can you safely and as simply as possible reduce heat loss.

Insulation installation options

You can decide how to insulate the ceiling in a house by evaluating all methods of installing materials.

There are 2 ways:

1. From the inside - a costly option in terms of time, effort, and money;
2. From above - that is, insulation of the attic. Less complex, less expensive.

It is worth insulating the ceiling from the inside at the stage of building a house, since you are unlikely to want to violate the integrity of the already created finish. Sometimes such serious work is not required - it will be sufficient to sound and heat insulate the floor on the upper attic floor. This will be simple if you do not intend to make this floor residential and generally use it significantly (which means you will not trample down the insulation for the ceiling). In order to occasionally visit the attic without harm to the material, lay several ladders from boards.

Insulation works with different types of materials

Insulation with sawdust

Sawdust is an inexpensive way to enhance the insulation of your home. Having chosen this material, when deciding how best to insulate the ceiling, you need to pay utmost attention to its negative properties - the success of the entire work depends on how much you can level them out. The method of insulating attics in this way is quite well established - 20 years ago, sawdust or other porous available material was simply poured onto the floor of the attic, since it was not easy to find a worthy replacement.

Sawdust is a proven material for insulation

There are only 2 disadvantages of sawdust, but they are significant and obvious:

• accessibility and attractiveness to rodents;
• fire hazard.

In addition, such insulation for the ceiling of a wooden house or other structure will make the attic inaccessible for use, because they are very fragile and susceptible to destruction when trampled.

To overcome the negative characteristics of this otherwise attractive material, care must be taken to properly treat it with means that prevent fire and animal reproduction. The simplest of these substances are lime and gypsum, with which sawdust is mixed before adding binders to coat the elements - cement and clay.

The general technology for insulating a house is as follows:

1. the ceiling should be covered with parchment (special);
2. floors and boards must be treated with fire retardants;
3. it is necessary to prepare a mixture of water, cement and sawdust, pour the resulting liquid insulation.

Insulation - foam plastic

Liquid foam is a very convenient way to insulate the ceiling

Analyzing insulation for the ceiling of a house, you understand that polystyrene foam is one of the best options that are inexpensive and available for independent use. Its advantages are very significant, although some details of its installation require strict adherence. Modern materials (spray foam, for example) make working with this insulation much easier - they allow you to maintain the tightness of the joints.

In combination with mineral wool, polystyrene foam becomes an even more effective insulation material, allowing you to create an ideal “barrier” for warm air.

Polystyrene foam has many positive qualities. Among them:

• high sound and heat insulation;
• moisture impermeability and resistance to negative external conditions and mechanical pressure (this insulation will not cake);
• ease;
• simplicity of the installation process;
• versatility and strength (although remember that you should not compress the sheets - this will lead to a loss of heat-retaining properties).

All the advantages of polystyrene foam cannot cover several of its disadvantages, namely:

• fire hazard;
• exposure to rodents;
• difficulties in adjusting to specific surface dimensions of foam sheets;
• careful preparation of the floor and ceiling when using this material.

Sheet foam plastic is an affordable and convenient material for thermal insulation

The technology for insulating the ceiling with polystyrene foam is relatively simple; such work is carried out in two ways:

1. from the attic side - the sheets are laid in the space between the beams, and the joints are foamed. Then floor boards are laid on top of the beams.
2. from the ceiling side - foam plastic is glued directly to the slabs and the joints are sealed. The top of the ceiling is sewn into plasterboard or a stretch ceiling is installed.

Insulation with mineral wool

When evaluating insulation for the ceiling in a house (which is better or worse), we focus on affordability and ease of use. Mineral wool is an ideal material for these indicators, but even more effective, as already mentioned, is the combination with foam sheets.