IN Lately growing popularity among amateur gardeners, summer residents and owners country houses with small land plots purchase devices for lawn maintenance - the so-called trimmers. Indeed, compared to large cart-type lawn mowers, trimmers are quite compact, light and convenient when mowing grass in hard-to-reach areas.

Trimmers are divided into two types: electric and gasoline.

Electric trimmers can be powered by a power cord plugged into an outlet or by a battery. Petrol trimmers can be powered by two-stroke or four-stroke internal combustion engines.

Each type of trimmer has its own typical malfunctions, which we will try to consider in this article.

Typical malfunctions of electric trimmers

Trimmer does not cut grass. Most often, the culprit of the problem is a failed cutting tool. If you use a trimmer with metal blades (cutters), most likely they are dull and need to be sharpened. If the grass is cut with a trimmer line, replace the worn line with a new one.
The device vibrates a lot during operation. Most likely, the landing nest of the coil was clogged with particles of cut grass, or it itself failed. In the first case, remove the coil and clean the seat from clogging. In the second - to replace the failed part with a serviceable one. If you do not have experience disassembling the trimmer, it is better to entrust it to professionals.
Trimmer electric motor does not turn on. First of all, check the presence of voltage in the power supply network, the serviceability of the plug and cord. Special attention pay attention to traces of melting, bending of the cable and its broken insulation. If they are in good condition, the graphite motor brushes may have worn out. Defective elements should be repaired or replaced with new ones.
Blade knife stopped rotating. If the electrical part is not at fault, then it would be better to seek help from a service center.

Typical malfunctions of gasoline trimmers

1. Trimmer motor does not start. The causes of the problem may be malfunctions in the trimmer ignition system or the use of low-quality fuel (mixture).

Typical fuel problems:

The use of low-quality (counterfeit) gasoline contaminated with various impurities;
The presence of water in gasoline;
Excessive fuel level in the tank (cylinder);
Usage fuel mixture with the wrong proportions of gasoline and oil.

Typical problems in the ignition system:

Damaged or dirty spark plug;
Incorrectly set gap between the spark plug electrodes. The easiest way is to replace the problem candle with a new one or seek help from specialists.

2. When the engine is running, characteristic knocks are heard. Knocking can be caused by a damaged cylinder, crankshaft or bearing. All damaged parts must be replaced with serviceable ones. If the trimmer motor makes a metallic noise when running, it is possible that you have selected the wrong type of fuel mixture (gasoline with oil or gasoline with an additive). The mixture should be drained and replaced with the correct one. In addition, extraneous sounds can be emitted by an overheated engine that has been running continuously for more than a set period (usually a safe period is 15 minutes).

3.Faulty trimmer ignition system. Such malfunctions are caused by water that has entered the fuel mixture or problems with the spark plug.

4. Trimmer engine suddenly stalls. Typically, such causes are caused by a lack of fuel mixture in the tank, a malfunctioning spark plug, or damage to the high-voltage wire in the ignition system.

An unpleasant situation when mowing grass occurs at the most inopportune moment: you need to work in a hurry, and the electric scythe is broken.

It is required to carry out an urgent repair of an electric trimmer, the design of which at first glance is simple, but in fact there can be a lot of places of damage.

The article contains an overview typical breakdowns. Familiarity with it will help save time on troubleshooting and troubleshooting.

In simple words about the design and principles of operation

The trimmer device can be divided into two parts:

Electrical diagram;
kinematics system.

The electrics are built on the supply of voltage from the outlet to the collector motor, which rotates the rotor.

Depending on destination specific model this engine is located on the top or bottom of the trimmer, equipped with various protections and governing bodies.

Powerful models are designed to quickly mow large areas, while medium and low-power models allow you to decoratively process lawns, cut shrubs, and form flower beds.

The mechanical part is made of a collapsible housing with a kinematic scheme that transfers the energy of rotation of the engine rotor to the working body of the mowing head.

Mechanics and electrics are closely interconnected: a breakdown anywhere leads to the removal of the trimmer from work. Let's consider these situations in more detail for the possibility of repair.

A quick way to check the electrical circuit

When put into work commutator motor the current passes in series through all half-windings of the stator and rotor through the brush mechanism.

The paradox with the electrician or what the rush leads to

Banal truth: voltage is supplied by turning on the switch from the contacts of the plug inserted into the socket.

However, my neighbor in the country managed to goof on this issue and invited me to look at the brushes of the disassembled trimmer motor in order to explain why it does not work.

When I asked about the voltage in the outlet, he confidently stated that. I asked to be shown, because I do not trust words in such matters.

He took the indicator, and showed that it glows from the socket contact. Then I asked to go to the extension plug and rearrange it by changing the sockets. At first, his surprise quickly passed: during the second check, the indicator light did not light up.

There was a break in one extension cord, which excluded the supply of voltage to a serviceable trimmer motor. There was no point in disassembling it and looking at the brushes.

Begin any electrical circuit check from the analysis of the health of the power circuits. This reduces the time for finding and eliminating defects.

The most important element of the electric trimmer

The trouble for novice users is that they do not fully understand the role of temperature in the operation of the collector, and indeed of any electric motor.

Electric current passes well through cold or overheated winding wires and normally creates a magnetic field that rotates the rotor. And the insulation lacquer, and other surrounding materials, melt and flow as the temperature rises.

The photo shows a trimmer cover body deformed from high heat and a failed engine.

Below is a photo of the burnt insulation of the stator and rotor windings, which are baked into a single lump.

It is not economically viable to repair such breakdowns. Replacing a burned-out engine in a repair shop is slightly inferior in price to buying a new trimmer in a store.

Compliance with the temperature regime

During operation, it is necessary to monitor the heating of the case.

This requirement is especially relevant for low-power models with a lower engine location. They are intended for short-term work on mowing lawns with low grass: they have a simplified design and are not equipped with overheating protection.

Electric trimmers of the middle class and above are equipped with a protective thermal relay. When the critical temperature is reached, it breaks the flow chain with its bimetallic contact. electric current, and after cooling - restores.

On my trimmer, it began to work falsely: I had to block contacts. Describe this case. In the same place, he showed in detail the sequence of disassembling the engine with photographs. Get to know the technology.

With the shunted contacts of the thermal relay, the trimmer worked until the end of the season. During mowing, I periodically checked the body temperature with my hand, took breaks. During the winter I found a new thermal relay, replaced the old one. After that I work with thermal protection.

How can you overheat an electric trimmer motor?

Since ancient times at the institute, I remember the phrase of the teacher of the department of strength of materials and the theory of shell strength about the reliability of the design of any mechanism: all equipment is designed and created to work with optimal conditions with an acceptable safety factor.

You can’t underestimate it: they will frequent breakdowns, and it is not economically profitable to overestimate: the cost increases sharply.

I made this introduction in order to emphasize that the operating conditions indicated by the plant must be studied and strictly observed. Otherwise, breakdowns are inevitable: you will need to repair the electric trimmer.

What do the "newly innovators" do to facilitate their work:

install a thicker fishing line in the mowing head;
remove the protective cover with the trimming knife of the fishing line;
mounted on the head "eternal line" of chains, thick wire, soldered tape from plastic bottles;
fasten homemade knives from strips of steel.

A thick line does cut taller grass better, but it also places an increased load on the engine. Overheating does not occur immediately, but after a certain period of time.

The length of the rotating pieces of fishing line affects not only the width of the swath, but also the operation of the engine. This is especially felt by ear on the rotor speed. The release of a longer fishing line and the absence of a cutting knife on the protective cover is a prerequisite for overheating of the windings.

For the same reason, it is unacceptable to violate the design of the cutting elements of the mowing head.

If there is a need to refine some elements contrary to the requirements of the factory documentation, then carefully make a technical decision, calculate all possible consequences.

This is what I did when making homemade extension cord for your electric trimmer,

Here is another example of a gross violation of the installation of the input of an electric cable into the trimmer body: blocking the shock-absorbing protective sleeve instead of replacing the damaged one.

Such a rigid mount will not work for a long time: in tightened with clamps In place, the power cord will be constantly subjected to increased bending, which will lead to rapid damage or breakage of the metal core, disruption of its insulation layer.

What to check first of all in the electrical circuit

After opening the case, it is necessary to inspect all wires and parts, paying attention to the contact connections and the integrity of the insulation.

The operation of the control buttons is checked not only by mechanical pressing, but also

It is necessary to clearly determine the moment of change in the resistance value when switching with a button and make sure that the springs of the return mechanism work.

On the engine, they inspect the condition of the brush mechanism, check its operation. Pay attention to the cleanliness and condition of the surface of the collector plates.

It is important to carefully examine the condition of the collector motor windings, evaluate the operation of the bearings by hand to rotate the rotor in the stator, and the absence of transverse backlash.

Do not apply mains voltage to wiring diagram with the body disassembled. Functional testing should only be carried out after the engine has been completely reassembled.

How to troubleshoot mechanical parts

The transmission of rotation from the electric trimmer to the mowing head is carried out in the same way as for models with an internal combustion engine: a solid shaft operates inside the rectangular section of the bar, and a cable operates at the curved section.

Their length, diameter and design are selected by the manufacturer for the specific dimensions of the composite rod.

Features of the junction of the composite rod

It is made with an adapter with a screw clamp.

The large head of the screw is made for the convenience of adjusting the position of the mowing body at the bottom of the bar. The angle of rotation is selected individually.

It is convenient for me to set it so that the longitudinal axis protective cover and the axes of the electric motor were located in the same plane.

In this place, a malfunction can sometimes occur due to the transmission of torque from the direct shaft to the cable. It manifests itself in Idling engine, the trimmer works normally, and already under a small load, the mowing head stops rotating.

The way to eliminate it was well shown by the owner of the video "Electric trimmer repair" Roman Shapkov. I recommend to look.

Mounting method of the mowing head and casing

On my trimmer, an adapter is riveted from the bottom of the bar, into which the protective cover mounting bolt is screwed.

The output shaft of the rotating cable has a hexagon at the end. A plastic mowing head is put on it.

From the inside, a return spring is inserted into it to automatically reset the fishing line when mowing.

It has a spool on it. It is screwed on top with a fixing nut.

The device of the mowing head with a fishing line is quite simple.

However, all plastic parts do not have high strength, subject to wear. Their working surfaces are erased. After three seasons of work on my trimmer, the exit holes of the fishing line from the mowing head have expanded, the thickness of the fixing nut has decreased.

It is difficult to apply protective measures to wear, and the easiest way to repair these parts is to completely replace the head. It is easy to buy: you just need to know the exact dimensions of the hexagon and evaluate new design in terms of performance.

Line selection secrets

Among frequent malfunctions trimmer reel, there are cases when the fishing line is over or simply tangled due to incorrect winding on the spool. Eliminating them is not difficult.

But in practice, I met with another defect in the fishing line, which was sold in the state trading network from the Moscow company Patriot LLC. Her appearance in the original packaging.

As I understand it, it is specially hidden in a sealed bag: you can’t touch it when buying.

When I opened the packaging for installing the fishing line in the spool, its plasticity, and not elasticity, immediately caught my eye. It bends easily, behaves like a soft wire: upon contact with grass, it immediately breaks. It is impossible for her to mow: she managed to return it to the seller.

Since then, I buy only that fishing line that can be crushed in my hands and evaluate its performance properties.

I try to refuse varieties of ordinary round fishing line. I prefer them a ribbed shape with edges: an asterisk, a trapezoid, a square or a triangle. They cut grass better.

How to eliminate increased vibration

The solidly assembled trimmer mechanics are well balanced. She provides convenient work. However, bearings can wear out over time and lose lubrication.

The prefabricated shaft, which transmits rotation from the engine to the spool, is able to touch the inner walls of the rod, creating excessive friction with heating.

Such a defect can and should be eliminated. This technology is shown by the TV Repairman in his video “Vibration during the operation of the electric scythe”.

If you still have questions about how to repair an electric trimmer, then ask them in the comments. I will answer.

How repair electronic trimmer Experts of the service center will be able to assess the breakdown and future repairs. Repair of electronic trimmers To keep the lawn in

How to repair electric trimmer

The specialists of the service center will be able to assess the breakdown and future repairs.

Repair of electric trimmers

To keep the lawn in proper condition, it is comfortable to use a trimmer. There are petrol trimmers (their engine runs on gasoline) and electronic (powered by the mains). All types of trimmers have malfunctions. Do not repair electronic trimmers without the help of others, you must contact a service center where you can repair trimmer.

You should immediately warn that repairing an electric trimmer, like other equipment, is not cheap, especially if you need to repair the trimmer engine or replace the coil. In some cases, it's actually easier to buy new tool. This can be assessed by a competent specialist who knows how to repair trimmer.

How to repair an electric scythe yourself/Trimmer repair from AVTO CLASS

How to repair do-it-yourself electric scythe / Trimmer repair/ do-it-yourself electric scythes. Affiliate.

THERE WAS NO LIMIT TO SURPRISE, do-it-yourself repair of an electric lawn mower trimmer

disassemble electrical mower and looking for a fault.

Repairing electric trimmers won't be a hassle if you know where to get your trimmer repaired. Neither Internet forums nor acquaintances will solve the question of how to repair the trimmer, only professionals will help. If there are no spare parts for a specific model, they will be able to pick up similar ones.

Electric device malfunctions

Equipment that operates from the network differs from similar devices that provide for a built-in power drive in that it has more simple design. The main elements of the trimmer are the following components:

the mechanical part that transmits torque to the trimmer head;
electric motor;
power cable.

In this case, all the problems that may occur with this equipment can be presented in the form of the following groups.

Mechanical problems

The main function when using the device placed on the trimmer head, in which the cutting surface is made of fishing line. In most cases, the device fails due to problems with its supply.

If the failure of a gasoline trimmer is associated with a malfunction in the mechanical part, then the repair technology will for the most part repeat the work carried out in relation to electric models.

Electrical damage

To repair electric trimmers, you must prepare the appropriate tools:

indicator screwdriver;
multimeter;
blowtorch.

It is quite difficult to find out during a visual inspection what caused the problem; in most cases, only the most obvious malfunctions can be determined “by eye”.

Regardless of the nature of the malfunction, this in any case leads to the cessation of engine operation.

If there are signs of damage power cable, then you will need to think about installing a new one.
If the problem is in the outlet, then in this case you need to make sure with an indicator screwdriver that this is really the case. If the fears are confirmed, then you should choose another outlet to connect.
Engine failure may be due to fork damage. In this case, it must be disassembled and replaced with a workable product.
Sometimes problems can be related to the control knob. First you need to make sure of this, for which use an indicator screwdriver: if there is a break in one of the wires, then the contact will not close. In this case, the damaged wiring is replaced.
Motor stator winding can also cause the motor to fail. First, check with a multimeter. For this, the measuring the device must be switched to the mode of operation with minimum resistance, and then its probes are connected to graphite brushes. If there are no resistance readings, then on the basis of this it can be concluded that the winding is burned. Repair will be reduced to the installation of a new engine. Usually, there are no problems with finding the necessary spare parts for an electric trimmer.
Also, the engine may fail as a result of a break in one of the contact connections. If there are no signs of damage to the winding, it is necessary to check all connections using a multimeter. When a damaged contact is detected, it must be soldered by yourself.

Equipment of this type is more complex, since it provides not only a drive, but also a number of other elements: gas distribution system, fuel tank and control.

Considering mechanical damage, it should be noted that filter clogging should also be included here. The operating requirements stipulate that they must be changed during regular maintenance of the device.

Extremely it is undesirable to stop the choice on models of little-known manufacturers because the level of their performance is often quite low. Considering that the components petrol trimmers are not offered in every store, it may be difficult to purchase them.

Fuel and ignition system

In most cases, malfunctions occur precisely in this area, and each owner can fix such problems with his own hands.

Engine malfunctions

If the failure of the trimmer is associated with an inoperative engine, then in this case it will not be so easy for the owner to understand what caused the problem and how it can be fixed. Well, if the device is still under warranty, in this case, you can take the trimmer to a repair shop, whose specialists will quickly and efficiently cope with this task. Among the most frequently identified and least difficult to eliminate the causes of engine failure is the destruction of the piston rings. You can verify this by removing the cylinder head and piston.

Conclusion

The owner of a gasoline or electric trimmer always needs to be prepared for the fact that at some point this equipment will need repairs. In this case, it is not always the right decision to contact a service center. Often the causes of a malfunction can be quite simple, which can be eliminated at home. The main thing is to know where to look for it.

However, it is best not to solve such problems, but to prevent their occurrence. For this manufacturer's instructions for use and maintenance must be followed exactly. behind the trimmer. Then situations when you have to think about repairing a gasoline or electric trimmer will occur much less frequently. And this will help the owner save a lot of time, effort and money.