Growing roses in Siberia and caring for roses in Siberian conditions. The best varieties of roses

What could be more beautiful than a charming and regal rose on the site? Many gardeners are afraid to grow this flower because of its capricious nature. But you only have to learn how to grow roses once and avoid the most common mistakes when growing it, and this “queen of flowers” will delight you with its luxurious appearance and fragrance. Gardeners in the Urals also have every opportunity to acquire their own rose garden, despite the difficult climatic conditions of their region. But thanks to the efforts of breeders, varieties have appeared that successfully adapt to such a climate and feel quite comfortable. Of course, if you live in the Urals and want to start growing a rose for the first time, then it’s worth learning all the secrets of planting it, caring for this flower, etc. This is exactly what we will talk about in this article.

Rose is the queen of flowers. Story

The rose is truly a royal flower, admired and even worshiped in many countries since ancient times. Many legends and traditions about the rose can be found in the literature of almost all peoples of the world:

in Ancient India, in order to ask something from the king, it was enough to bring him a rose;
In ancient Iran they believed that the rose was a gift from Allah. There is a legend that one day all the representatives of the flora came to Allah and asked to appoint a new ruler for them instead of the Lotus. And Allah sent the White Rose;
In Persia there was a beautiful legend about the Nightingale and the Rose. The Nightingale was so fascinated by this flower that he pressed it to his chest and died from the thorn-daggers of the Rose. The flower immediately turned the color of blood - red;
V Ancient China Confucius himself admired the rose, whose library was full of books about it amazing flower, and the gardens were filled with the fragrance of a variety of roses;
V Ancient Egypt food was prepared from roses, and the well-known Queen Cleopatra used roses for cosmetic purposes;
V Ancient Greece The origin of the rose was associated with Aphrodite. People believed that the flower arose from the foam that covered the body of the goddess;
V Ancient Rome roses were present in palaces in incredible quantities. The floors were sprinkled with rose petals, pillows were made from them, ships sailed on water strewn with rose petals, and the city had a persistent aroma of this flower.

Classification of roses

The rose is a flower that has an incredible number of groups and varieties. The very first varieties were obtained by crossing wild roses, then cultivated roses began to be crossed with each other. Currently, the classification of roses is so broad that different information can be found in different sources. Each specific scheme for classifying roses generalizes them according to one characteristic, because It is simply impossible to take into account all the signs in one scheme. Modern gardeners and landscape designers prefer the following classification system for roses, according to which they are divided into 8 groups. Each group combines varieties that are similar in agricultural technology, winter hardiness, height, flowering pattern, methods of use in landscape design, etc.

Park roses

The group of park roses is not always identified as a separate group in other classification systems. In Russia, this group includes wild species of roses, as well as their cultivated species, which are able to easily tolerate periods of dormancy in a natural way. It is among park roses that you can find the most winter-hardy varieties. Among the most popular varieties are: Ritausma, Robusta, Pink Robusta, Grotendorst, Rugelda.

Shrub roses

Shrub roses, or scrubs, are sometimes also called semi-climbing roses. This group combines varieties with long flowering, lushness and fairly rapid growth. This group includes “antique” roses and “modern” English roses. A distinctive feature of roses from this group is considered to be their incredible aroma. Popular varieties: Abraham Darby, Charles Austin, Graham Thomas, etc.

climbing roses

Just by the name of this group you can imagine the appearance of the roses that are combined in this group. Climbing roses have long flexible stems that can reach 5 meters in length. Of course, such roses require support, and are most often used when vertical gardening. New hybrid varieties of this group can delight the eye with incredible flowering more than once a season. Varieties of this group are divided into small-flowered and large-flowered. Large-flowered varieties have great aroma. The most popular varieties: Rosarium Uterzen, Schwanensee, Dorothy Perkins, New Doon, Excelsa.

Hybrid tea roses

The history of modern roses begins with the cultivation of tea roses. These flowers are very heat-loving. Very fragrant flowers can grow either singly or in inflorescences. One of the main disadvantages hybrid tea roses can be considered their high susceptibility to various diseases and pests. Breeders have developed a large number of hybrid varieties that can delight with their flowering almost all summer. Among the most famous varieties are: Limbo, Mainzer, Gloria Dei, Angelique, Black Baccarat, etc.

Miniature roses

Miniature roses, as you might guess from the name alone, are quite small in size. They grow up to 40-50 cm. In their own way appearance miniature roses are very similar to hybrid teas. They are quite unpretentious, resistant to adverse natural factors, and bloom for a long time. An important advantage is the ability miniature roses It is good to endure the winter under the snow, even without complex shelter. Among the most popular varieties are: Baby Masquerade, Mandarin, Yellow Dolly, etc.

Floribunda roses

If you want to grow an outstanding rose garden, then Floribunda roses can be an excellent option for creating it. Roses of this group were obtained by hybridizing tea roses, compared to which they are more resistant to unfavorable conditions and less susceptible to diseases and pests. Compact and beautiful bushes decorated with inflorescences of small but lush flowers. Varieties: Apricola, Galaxy, Augusta Louise, Gebrüder Grimm, etc.

Canadian roses

One of the most uncommon types of roses in Russia. This group united roses that were bred in Canada through lengthy crossings. Distinctive Features are long flowering, resistance to adverse natural factors, exceptional winter hardiness (can tolerate down to minus 40 degrees), and not susceptibility to diseases and pests. The group is currently being actively replenished with more and more new varieties. Among the already well-known are: Moden Blush, Alexander Mackenzie, David Thompson and others.

Ground cover roses

Ground cover roses are a fairly new group of these plants. Gardeners will certainly be attracted by the ability of these roses to bloom abundantly and their resistance to adverse weather factors. They bloom in lush bushes and form long shoots that create the illusion of a beautiful carpet of luxurious flowers. Despite the fact that ground cover rose bushes are quite dense and spreading, they do not require annual pruning. Varieties: Gold Carpet, Ondela, Fairy, etc.

Useful properties and uses of roses

Remember that you can grow roses on your site not only for aesthetic purposes, but also for practical ones. It has long been known about the healing effects of roses on the human body, if you learn to use it correctly. Since ancient times, the following effects of this flower on the body have been noted:

anti-inflammatory effect;
wound healing effect;
calming effect;
restorative effect.

Folk healers learned to prepare infusions, ointments, decoctions, rose oils from roses, mainly from its petals, rose water etc. A rose on your site can become an assistant in the treatment of diseases such as bronchial asthma, rhinitis, allergic rhinitis, stomach ulcers, various inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, tonsillitis, tonsillitis, respiratory diseases, conjunctivitis, radiation damage to the skin, necrosis and many other ailments. Rose is widely used not only in folk medicine, but also in cosmetology and cooking. The rejuvenating effect of various masks, tonics, and creams based on roses has long been known to women since ancient times.

Roses for the Urals and Siberia. Catalog of varieties

The climate of the Urals and Siberia is quite complex and harsh. Not all plants are able to withstand severe winter frosts, gusty winds, prolonged spring thaws, etc. Choice the right variety When growing roses in the Urals or Siberia, it is of paramount and fundamental importance. The best option would be if you buy roses for the Urals in a Siberian nursery, where they have already gone through all the stages of hardening to the climate and are ready for planting. Such specialized nurseries occupy a leading position among all possible options for purchasing seedlings. Gardeners in the Urals consider it a rare success to find Canadian roses, which are considered one of the most winter-hardy. Seedlings of such roses can very rarely be found on sale, and therefore the chance of running into a fake is very high. Therefore, again, give preference only to trusted nurseries and stores. Ordinary varieties of roses and varieties for the Urals are not always the same thing. Among the most popular varieties of roses that are suitable for growing in the climatic conditions of Siberia and the Urals are traditionally:

"Rosarium Uetersen". A very spectacular variety of climbing roses that can be grown as a standard. Powerful stems reach 3 meters. They are not afraid of northern frost, wind, or long winter. Gardeners fell in love with this variety for its immunity to fungal diseases, the ability to bloom several times per season, excellent winter hardiness and, of course, the spectacular appearance of dark pink flowers. The colder the climate, the smaller the diameter of the roses. On average they reach 6-8 cm, but can grow up to 12 cm;

"New Dawn". If you are going to grow roses in the Urals, then be sure to pay attention to this variety. Roses "New Dawn" received an affectionate epithet from gardeners - "very roses." They are very fragrant, very prickly, very winter-hardy, very unpretentious, etc. This perfect option for growing in harsh climatic conditions. There are varieties of this variety that bloom continuously throughout the season, and there are roses that bloom in only one wave. Therefore, when purchasing, check the nature and duration of flowering;

« Golden Celebration" Roses of the “Golden Celebration” variety can be an excellent decoration for your garden in the Urals. They bloom quite large and spectacular flowers bright yellow in color and exude a pleasant caramel aroma. The bushes reach 1.5 m in height;

"William Shakerspeare 2000". A hybrid variety that is notable for the presence of lush red, red-purple flowers and high resistance to fungal diseases. When purchasing, pay attention to the presence of the number 2000, because... it is this figure that indicates resistance to disease;

"Westerland". One of the most popular varieties of roses in the Urals. It became popular due to its continuous and unusually long flowering time. Large flowers up to 10 cm in diameter give the bushes spectacular appearance. Roses have a soft peach, salmon hue. The variety was bred in Germany.

Growing roses in the Urals

Step 1. Choose the time to plant roses in the Urals

Growing roses, planting in the Urals and caring for this flower have some peculiarities. In the climatic conditions of Siberia and the Urals there are 2 possible options Rose planting time: spring and summer:

spring planting begins when the soil temperature reaches 8-10 degrees. Usually this is the end of April, but it is still better to focus on the temperature. Gardeners in the Urals, trying not to miss planting time in the spring, look at the time of flowering of dandelions;
autumn planting begins when the air temperature reaches 4 degrees Celsius. It is important not to start planting too early, because... the roses will begin to actively grow, their root system will begin to work at full strength, and the rose will go into winter weakened. If you missed the autumn planting time, it is better to save the seedlings until spring.

Step 2. Choosing a place to plant roses in the Urals

Rose varieties that are suitable for growing in Siberia and the Urals, although quite unpretentious, still have some preferences in the place for planting. If you try to find exactly the optimal place for roses to grow, then this flower will thank you with bright blooms. Follow these recommendations when choosing a landing site:

The area for planting roses should be quite elevated. In such places, the degree of soil freezing is much lower than in low-lying areas. And this will greatly reduce the possibility of freezing and rotting of roots, and will protect the root system from possible fungal diseases as a result of waterlogging of the soil;
Considering the fact that there are not so many sunny days in the Urals and Siberia, it is worth choosing the southern side of the site. But don't choose too much open area in the sun. So, the flowers will begin to grow actively, but the flowers will quickly dry out or lose their richness of color. Think about “neighbors” for the rose - plants, shrubs that will slightly shade the rose during the sun;
Roses do not like areas with strong drafts. Try to think about this too.

Step 3. Preparing the soil for planting roses in the Urals

As for preparing a place for planting roses, there are practically no differences with other climatic zones. In the Urals, roses still love slightly acidic humus soils. Gardeners often use one trick to ensure that the roses subsequently overwinter well - they place manure at the bottom of the hole, which will warm the roots. The nutrient mixture for filling the hole is prepared as follows:

1 part sand;
1 part clay;
0.5 parts wood ash;
3 parts humus;
2 parts peat.

It is better to add additional special fertilizer for roses, or buy a ready-made mixture for planting roses in the store.

Step 4. Planting roses in the Urals

We're digging landing hole with a depth of approximately 50 cm.
We place horse manure at the bottom of the hole.
Fill the hole with the prepared nutrient soil mixture.
Seedlings must be prepared for planting: dipped in a solution of a growth stimulator and shortened roots longer than 20 cm.
Be sure to monitor the location of the roots during planting. They should be in the direction from top to bottom. To do this, the nutrient mixture is poured into a mound, a seedling is placed on top of it, and its roots are straightened along the mound.
In the conditions of Siberia and the Urals, deep planting of 7-8 cm is practiced. If you doubt the winter hardiness of the variety, you can plant the rose directly in a plastic container and dig it up in the fall without damaging the root system.
Then the young seedling needs to be watered and covered with earth to a height of 15 cm.

Rose in the Urals: care

Growing roses in the Urals will not be successful without proper and timely care. Some varieties require a little more attention, while others require a little less. We can highlight the most general scheme for caring for roses in the Urals: different times of the year:

feeding Roses always readily respond to feeding. During the growing season, they need to be fed about 3 times: the first feeding in early June (mullein infusion), the second feeding in July (nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer), the third feeding in early August (superphosphate and potassium);
with the onset of autumn, you need to reduce watering as much as possible, remove the apical growth buds, thus preparing the plant for winter;
any gardener in the Urals will tell you how to cover roses in the Urals and which method of covering is the best. You need to start covering at least 2 weeks before the establishment of persistent subzero temperatures. Everything needs to be removed from the bush green shoots, flowers, leaves;
in the spring, when the snow has not yet melted, the roses need to be “checked out”: raise the cover, loosen the bushes so that there is no harmful condensation from temperature changes. It will be possible to finally remove the shelter in early May;
the remaining steps for caring for roses remain the same as for other flowers: watering, weeding, loosening.

How to preserve rose seedlings in the Urals

There are times when you have purchased rose seedlings, but they cannot be planted right now, but need to be stored for several days or even until the next season. Here you need to adhere to the following recommendations:

If you bought rose seedlings with wax-coated stems and packed roots, then they can be stored in the basement in this form. To prevent the roots from losing moisture, just open the package a little and add a little water;
If you received seedlings in the spring, then you can also save them for several days until planting. It is enough to simply dig it into any container at an angle of 45 degrees;
Perhaps the most painstaking task will be preserving the seedlings after planting. In the conditions of Siberia and the Urals, this is a primary task. Bushes need to be trimmed, hilled, sprayed copper sulfate and make a special shelter. Climbing roses are removed from the supports and laid on the ground, they are strengthened with hooks.

Options for covering roses for the winter in the Urals

Work on covering roses for the winter in the Urals should begin as persistent subzero temperatures set in, approximately in mid-October. Remember that it is better to cover your roses a little later than to do it earlier. If you cover the bushes too early, then the buds will wake up under the cover and the shoots will begin to grow, and this is completely wrong. An important condition is also carrying out shelter work precisely in dry time. If the weather is humid or raining, then wait until the soil and the bushes themselves dry out. Gardeners in the Urals use a variety of shelter options for their “prickly beauties”:

“air” shelter using a frame made of metal rods and polyethylene (or other moisture-proof material), sprinkled with earth;
shelter made of wooden shields for climbing roses in the Urals. This shelter is also presented in the form of a “house” made of two wooden panels. The bushes are bent to the ground, secured with wire, covered with spruce branches, a “house” is erected and covered with polyethylene. This type of shelter is practical because... you can open the “door” slightly if the winter has been warm;
shelter made from bags standard rose. A bag without a bottom is placed over the crown, filled with leaves and spruce branches, tied, and the trunk is covered with burlap.

As you can see, the process of growing roses in the Urals, although labor-intensive, is possible. Gardeners, even in areas with severe winter frosts, can grow the “queen of flowers” in their garden. The effort and desire to decorate your area with spectacular rose bushes will certainly help you achieve results. Good luck!

Type: Rosaceae
Flowering period: June July August September
Height: 30-300cm
Color: white, cream, yellow, pink, orange, red, burgundy
perennial
Winters
Sun-loving
Moisture-loving

Siberians joke that weaklings cannot survive their harsh winters. A persistent character is needed, not only for people, but also for plants. So the criteria for selecting colors for site design in Siberian conditions much more severe than for the Moscow region or the southern regions of the country. And yet, residents of cold regions successfully grow even beautiful prickly roses. They have developed quite a lot interesting ways sheltering plants, planting tricks to protect the root system in harsh winters. We looked through the forums of Siberian gardeners and chose the most important information O frost-resistant varieties, winter shelter technologies and what features planting roses in spring in Siberia has.

The Siberian climate is known to be characterized by late spring, short summers and harsh winters. To withstand such conditions, plants must initially be zoned to the local climate. Those. In terms of survival rate, seedlings grown in Siberian nurseries are in the lead. Gardeners give second place to Canadian roses, because the climate of this country is similar to Siberian. But real Canadian roses, unfortunately, are rare. This category of plants is too attractive for buyers, so it is most often counterfeited. Canadian varieties It is better to purchase only from a reliable supplier, and, naturally, not from hand or on the market.

The second selection criterion is vaccination. According to statistics, grafted varieties of roses in Siberia withstand winters much easier and do not freeze out, because they have higher immunity. The rootstock for a varietal rose is usually a rose hip, and its immune system is much more resilient than that of the rose's own roots.

Here is what, according to Siberian gardeners, the five most unpretentious and winter-hardy varieties of roses look like:

First place: Rosarium Uetersen

Belongs to the Climber group, i.e. large-flowered climbing roses. Can also be grown as a standard. Blooms with dark pink petals that gradually fade. The flower size can reach 12 cm, but the colder the climate, the smaller the inflorescences will be. The approximate size of flowers for Novosibirsk is 5-6 cm. Rosarium Uetersen is loved for its resistance to fungal infections, repeated flowering (the first is the most abundant, and then in waves). Powerful stems are not afraid of frost or wind. Gardeners can ruin this rose only if it is improperly laid out for the winter, when the stems break due to an unsuccessfully chosen direction of laying. The bush grows up to 3 meters.

Rosarium Wetersen fits perfectly into arches, pergolas and other supporting structures, and if desired, it can be grown as a standard

Second place: Westerland

A German variety, adored in Siberia for its continuous flowering. This rose wakes up and blooms very early, and then practically remains without flowers. The flowers change color from bright orange to apricot-salmon. In diameter - up to 10 cm. Has an ADR certificate as one of the most unpretentious roses.

Timely removal of fading flowers from the Westerland climbing rose stimulates the bush to active growth and the formation of new flower buds

Third place: New Dawn

Descendant of American roses. It blooms with soft pink, fragrant flowers almost all season. The gardeners of Siberia gave her the nickname “Very”, i.e. very frost-resistant, very unpretentious (grows everywhere), very prickly, very aromatic, etc. The only nuance: in Lately New Dawn specimens have appeared that bloom only once. Therefore, before ordering, check the number of blooms, otherwise you may see this beauty only once, at the beginning of summer.

Siberians believe that New Down lives under the motto “Everyone will disappear, but I will remain,” because it survives in the most inhuman conditions

Fourth place: William Sheakespeare 2000

A English rose of a new generation, cultivated by the world famous breeder David Austin. It blooms with velvety rich red flowers, gradually turning into a purple hue. Fragrant, medium height (up to 110 cm), forms many flowering clusters on each branch. When purchasing, pay attention to the presence of the number 2000, since there is also an ancestor of this rose - William Sheakespeare, which does not have such a high immunity to fungal infections.

William Shakespeare 2000 is the result of selection of the English “ancestor” of the same name, which is characterized by high immunity to diseases and excellent frost resistance

Fifth place: Golden Celebration

Another David Austin pet. It blooms twice, with bright yellow large flowers, similar to balls, emitting a lemon-caramel aroma. In cold climates it grows up to one and a half meters tall. Practically not susceptible to diseases, except black spotting. Looks great in mixborders.

Sunny, large inflorescences of Golden Celebration smell like lemon candy, so they are planted near recreation areas to enjoy the wonderful aroma

Choosing a location: looking for the sunny side

Due to the fact that spring comes late in Siberia and there are not very many sunny days a year, they try to plant roses on the south side. But a completely open area is not very profitable, since the flowering period is significantly accelerated, and the flowers fade in the heat. It is best to consider light partial shade with the help of sparsely leafed shrubs or trees. Roses are planted near them in such a way that during the hottest time of the day they are protected by the foliage of the “neighbors”.

Planting rules: light soil + depth

Desirable for the Siberian climate spring planting, and their period is much shorter than in other areas. The planting season begins in May, when the soil warms up to 10 degrees. Gardeners determine the optimal time for dandelions: as soon as they bloom, it’s time to plant rose bushes. Grafted seedlings are planted first, because rose hips are not afraid of sudden late frosts. Own root roses - no earlier than May 15. The maximum planting date is June 15. If you are late, the rose will not have time to grow stronger during the short summer and will go into the winter without a lignified trunk. This means it will freeze easily.

When planted in depth, a rose can send out roots above the grafting site, developing its own root system, which is weaker than that of a rose hip, so “wrong” roots must be removed

When planting, the roots of the rose are straightened so that they go only from top to bottom, and are not wrapped in a ring. A planting mound can help with this arrangement: a mound of fertile soil is poured onto the bottom of the hole, a seedling is placed on top of it, the roots are straightened along the mound and sprinkled. When planting a mound, water after the rose is planted. During normal planting, you can first shed the roots and then cover them with soil.

After planting, be sure to hill the bush to a height of 15 cm. This is necessary so that the water does not quickly evaporate. The soil will also protect the tender branches from the scorching sun, because once they take root they dry out very quickly. In the northernmost regions, plantings are covered with lutrasil to protect them from night frosts.

Siberian methods of covering such roses

So that growing roses in Siberia does not end with the bushes freezing in the first winter, gardeners have come up with a lot of ideas different options shelters. Their similarity is that for roses in cold climates it is necessary to create a dry shelter, i.e. Protect each seedling from above with waterproof material. It will protect the plant from moisture, which instantly turns into ice.

Shelter options:

"Snow Blanket". If your area has consistently snowy winters, then throwing snow on each bush is the most the best option shelters. After all, in Siberia, snow falls and remains there until spring, so the temperature underneath is always stable.
"Framework made of plastic arcs." They make a frame from two intersecting arcs, place it over the rose, cover the bush halfway with dry soil or leaves, cover it with a double layer of spunbond or lutrasil, on top of which they must spread a film so that it captures part of the soil. Sprinkle the edges of the film with earth. Before the onset of stable frost, the film should be slightly open so that the stems do not dry out.
"House made of polycarbonate." Instead of plastic arcs, place two pieces of polycarbonate above the rose, fastened at the top with twine. It turns out to be a house. Cover the top with lutrasil and film. But at the ends the film is closed only after the onset of frost.
"From plastic buckets." Each bush is hilled to a height of 20 cm, covered with spruce paws and covered with plastic containers without holes.

This is roughly what it all looks like:

You cannot cover roses with lutrasil alone without using film, since during a thaw moisture accumulates inside, and during the first frost it will settle as ice on the plants

For any type of shelter in early spring Many Siberians repeatedly spill epin into the soil to revive their pets. Grateful roses give their owners abundant and fragrant blooms, although nature has given them very little time for this.

Roses are southern plants, and until recently they were a rare sight in our gardens. But now there are many varieties of roses that feel great in middle lane Russia, the Urals and even Siberia. It is precisely these, the most frost-resistant varieties, that we will talk about today.
The varieties of the park group are considered the most frost-resistant and least demanding to care for. English are distinguished park roses and Canadian park roses. Canadian ones are more winter-hardy and stable in our climate; in central Russia they can be grown without shelter.

Also unpretentious, stable and winter well with proper winter shelter are varieties of roses from the floribunda group.

Climbing roses also winter well in our conditions. They can become a chic decoration for a gazebo or arch over the path. But you need to choose the right variety, it must have a flexible stem so that it can be easily winterized, and also study agricultural technology, all the rules for planting, care and pruning, since they are quite finicky.

Hybrid tea roses, too, with proper care and proper shelter, winter well in our conditions.

Our groundcover roses overwinter without problems under a layer of snow; for the winter, it is enough to pour a bucket of soil under the root.

1. Group of park roses for Central Russia, the Urals and Siberia

Park roses are the most unpretentious frost-resistant ornamental shrubs. The group of park roses usually includes so-called cultivated rose hips. They are usually bushes up to one and a half meters high, densely covered with foliage. Park roses bloom from the first half of June.

English park roses need shelter in the conditions of Central Russia and the Urals. A pleasant feature of these roses is their rich aroma, and also the fact that they bloom almost all summer. Among the English park roses, the following varieties are most suitable for growing in our climate:

- Park rose "Abraham Derby"

- Park rose "Benjamin Britten"

- Rose park "William Shakespeare"

- Rose park "Graham Thomas"

- Rose park "Louis Odier"

Canadian park roses . These roses were bred specifically for cold climates. In central Russia they don’t even need to be covered. In more northern regions, as well as where snowless winters are possible, shelter for the winter is still desirable. But in the south these roses do not grow very well. "Canadians" bloom all summer. Varieties Canadian roses There are many, let’s just mention a few:

- Rosa Prairie Joy

- Canadian park rose Moden Blush

- Rosa Canada Morden Sunrise

2. Roses of the floribunda group

These roses are obtained by crossing polyanthus and hybrid tea roses. The name of the group - "floribunda" is translated as abundantly flowering. This group was isolated in 1952 and included roses obtained as a result of crossing polyanthus and hybrid tea roses. Floribunda roses have inherited the advantages of both groups: high winter hardiness and disease resistance, as well as the abundance and duration of flowering from polyantha roses, the beauty and elegance of flowers from hybrid tea roses. Unfortunately, roses of this group often have almost no aroma, but their decorative qualities are excellent, plus they have good disease resistance and relative winter hardiness. Floribunda roses for winter.

Here are just a few varieties from this extensive group:

(Jubilee de Saint Petersburg), aka Jubilee of the Prince of Monaco (Jubilee du Prince de Monaco)

- Rosa Rotilia

3. Climbing roses

Climbing roses are obtained by crossing the wild multiflora climbing rose, the Japanese Vihura rose and modern varieties of floribunda roses and hybrid tea roses.

There are three main types of climbing roses:
- “Rambler” roses - shoots form flexible lashes that reach a length of 4 to 6 meters. They need to be tied up. Flowering is once, starting from the second year. Blooms luxuriantly in June-July, flowering duration is about 30 days.
- “Climber” roses - have thick shoots (which in our conditions are quite difficult to lay down for the winter), the height of which reaches from 2.5 to 3 meters. Large flowers resemble the flowers of hybrid tea roses. Roses are repeat bloomers and can bloom this year.
- a separate group of climbing roses - “hybrids of Cordes selection.” Their parameters are similar to “Rambler” type roses. They are characterized by winter hardiness and disease resistance. They bloom profusely and continuously until late autumn.

In order for climbing roses to bloom well, you need to prune them correctly, lay them for the winter and form them on a support. These rules of agricultural technology differ for different groups of climbing roses.
Here are just a few popular varieties of climbing roses:

- Rose "Flamentan" from hybrids selected by Cordes. It has large double red flowers.

- Rose "New Dawn" has large semi-double or double pale pink flowers with a salmon tint and a pleasant apple scent.

- Rose "Cute" from hybrids selected by Cordes. It has large, double, very fragrant flowers of bright red color.

4. Ground cover roses

Many botanists consider this group to be conditional, because it is difficult to call a rose more than a meter high a ground cover, but there are such varieties in this group. The fact is that this group includes those roses that have the property of growing more in width than in height. In addition to this, many varieties of ground cover roses also belong to the floribunda group. Among the ground cover roses there are low ones up to 50 cm in height, medium-sized ones up to 1 meter in height, and tall ones over a meter. Shoots of ground cover roses can spread horizontally along the ground or droop in arches.

Ground cover roses have relatively good winter hardiness; for the winter, the roots need to be covered with soil, pouring a bucket of soil onto them. In regions with harsh climates, it is still advisable to cover them with spruce branches or lutrasil.

Here are some popular varieties of ground cover roses:

- Ground cover rose Swany

- Ground cover rose Fairy

When buying roses you need to pay attention to the following:

1. When choosing roses for your site, first of all you need to find out whether the roses are grafted onto rose hips or whether they are self-rooted roses. There are different opinions about which is better. In our climate, grafted ones are preferable; they will be more frost-resistant, will take root better and grow longer, and they are also less whimsical. However, it is necessary to monitor such roses so that they do not develop wild shoots and remove them in a timely manner so that the entire plant does not grow wild.
2. The packaging must contain information about the variety and recommendations for caring for this variety. Do not buy roses without this information.
3. When purchasing, it is necessary to inspect the seedlings, and if you notice damage to the roots or shoots, dried roots, shoots or buds, sprouted buds and other defects, then it is better not to take risks and choose seedlings of better quality.
4. Varieties that are specifically defined in a series based on the principles of stability and unpretentiousness are considered more reliable.

You should carefully consider the choice of rose varieties, especially in our climate, and do not forget to carefully study all the instructions for planting and caring for the selected varieties, and then your roses will certainly delight you with abundant and long flowering. Usually, new varieties of roses are purchased in February; it is at this time that there is a large selection and the seedlings are of the highest quality. However, having bought roses this month, you need to take care before landing.

You will find all the information about roses and proper care for them.

Please note that you can purchase inexpensive educational electronic magazines on landscape design from us. In particular, a special practical issue can truly become your reference book. The magazine contains combinations only with plant species and varieties that are stable in our climate (perennials and ornamental shrubs). There are spring, summer, autumn and decorative combinations throughout the season. Combinations for shady and sunny places.

Chippendale ( Chippendale)

A plant that forms a bush 80-120 cm high and 100 cm wide. Double flowers in old style, bright orange with a diameter of 10-12 cm. Recommended for planting in massive flower beds, as an accent in the background.

Queen Elizabeth ( Queen Elizabeth)

Bush height from 100 to 250 cm. Double flowers, goblet-shaped, Pink colour 10 cm in diameter. The plant forms a compact bush, suitable for planting in confined spaces.. Grows well in poor soils.

Golden Celebration ( Golden Celebration

A rounded bush 120-150 cm high and 120 cm wide. The flowers combine an ancient shape and an unusual copper-yellow color, and are large in size from 14 to 16 cm in diameter. Features of the variety: rapid growth of shoots, spicy-fruity aroma of flowers. During heavy rains, the flowers do not open. Great option for designing mixborders.

The variety is rightfully considered the best among red roses. The plant forms a lush bush 100-120 cm high and 100 cm wide. It is distinguished by the rapid flowering of new shoots and the formation of large clusters that stay on the bush for more than 2 weeks. The flowers are densely double, bright purple, more than 10 cm in diameter with a characteristic aroma. Suitable for single and group plantings.

New Dawn ( New Dawn

climbing plant, which with support reaches up to 5 m in height, and without it up to 2 m. The variety is characterized by continuous flowering from June to late autumn. The flowers are pastel pink, 7-8 cm in diameter. The bush reveals itself most brightly when planted near a tree while the lashes hang freely from the branches.

Westerland ( Westerland)

The variety is distinguished by a tall (2 m) and wide bush (1.5 m). Double flowers 10-11 cm in diameter with a pronounced aroma. They change color throughout the season: orange and apricot shades gradually turn into pink. The plant can be used as a climbing and bush plant. The variety is self-sufficient for single plantings.

Rosarium Jutersen ( Rosarium Uetersen)

Lush shrub 200-350 cm high and 200 cm wide. Flowers are 9-12 cm in diameter, densely double, rich pink in color with a light aroma. Suitable for decorating spacious lawns.

Plants of these varieties are distinguished by repeated or continuous flowering throughout the season. In rare cases, shrubs can be seen without a single flower. But even at this time the bushes do not lose their decorative properties. Bright green glossy leaves, beautiful shoots and thorns are attractive in their own way.

What roses should you choose for Siberia?

Features of the climate of Siberia - late spring, few warm days, harsh winter, severe Siberian frosts. Only plants zoned in the regional climate can withstand such conditions. That's why The first rule for gardeners is to purchase seedlings from local nurseries.

Roses grafted onto rose hips take root much easier and are distinguished by their hardiness. It is distinguished by strong immunity to diseases, the ability to adapt to any conditions and quickly recover from damage from cold weather.

The scion should also have a good characteristic. The best indicators in all respects are shown by varieties of Canadian selection, derived taking into account the climate of this country, similar to the conditions of Siberia. Roses for planting in Siberia must have high levels of frost resistance, resistance to diseases and pests.

Winter hardiness depends not only on the characteristics of the plant, but also on the efforts of the gardener - proper care during the season, regular feeding with minerals, proper preparation for winter.

Features of planting roses

Since spring is late in Siberia, the soil often does not have time to warm up to a temperature comfortable for the roots, it is recommended to plant them on the south side of the site. To prevent the buds from burning out, it is advisable for the plants to be in the shade during the hours when the sun is most active.

The climate of Siberia is characterized by cold northern and western winds. Therefore, the rose garden must have protection from these directions. These can be the walls of buildings, plants with a dense crown, gazebos or hedge. To prevent the wind barrier from greatly shading the roses, they are planted at some distance.

If possible, select elevated areas for the rose garden.. In such places, the soil does not have time to freeze to critical temperatures and quickly thaws. This means that the roots will develop faster in the spring and are less at risk of rotting due to excessive moisture.

In Siberia, it is recommended to plant roses in the spring. Event are planned in the period from May 15 to June 15. In this case, the air temperature should not be lower than +10°C. Shoots of plants planted later than this date do not have time to ripen, which causes death in the first winter season.

Otherwise, planting roses in Siberia differs little from warmer regions. In a pre-dug area for plants, a planting hole (50x50x50x) is formed and the substrate is prepared. To do this, mix the components on a piece of film:

humus 3 parts;
peat 2 parts;
weathered clay 1 part;
river sand 1 part;
wood ash 400 g.

The minerals superphosphate 300 g and potassium sulfate 30 g are added to the soil mixture.

The roots of the seedling, longer than 20 cm, are cut and immersed in a growth stimulator for 3-4 hours. The rose is planted with the grafting site deepened: for climbing roses by 10 cm, and for bush roses by 7 cm.

During planting, a hill is formed at the bottom of the hole, on which the seedling is placed and the roots are straightened. After powdering the roots and compacting trunk circle water 10 l warm water . After this, the bush is hilled to a height of 10-15 cm, the soil under the bush is mulched with peat or humus. For the first time after planting, seedlings should be protected from direct sunlight.

Basics of caring for Siberian roses

The roots of roses penetrate quite deeply. Therefore, plants do not require frequent watering. It is enough to carry it out once every 3-5 days, depending on the weather.. In this case, the earthen lump should be completely wetted; the norm is determined by the size of the bush from 10 to 20 liters.

In the first year after planting, the plants do not need fertilizing. In subsequent seasons, it is important to feed roses regularly.:

in early spring: aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate (20 g/10 l);
in 15 days re-fertilize with ammonium nitrate, watering with mullein infusion (1: 10) 4 liters for each bush;
at the beginning of budding calcium nitrate solution (1 tbsp/10 l);
a week after that are useful foliar feeding: solutions double superphosphate, potassium nitrate, infusions of mullein or ash, macroelements of your choice;
before flowering solutions of potassium magnesia or potassium humate;
after flowering and sanitary pruning mineral complexes with an increased content of potassium and phosphorus (1 tbsp/10 l);
at the beginning of August organic solution, after 2 weeks with potassium-phosphorus complexes, and after another week with potassium sulfate.
in September potassium magnesia.

In August, the application of nitrogen fertilizers is completely stopped.

The rest is seasonal care consists of regular weeding and loosening of the tree trunk, shaping and sanitary pruning. To prevent diseases in spring and autumn, bushes are sprayed with fungicidal solutions.

To stimulate the ripening of shoots, watering is stopped in August. In the third ten days of September, during dry weather, moisture-recharging irrigation is carried out. The water requirement for one bush is 40-50 l. Soil moistened in deep layers freezes and thaws more slowly and retains heat longer.

During this period, loosening of the tree trunk circle and formative pruning are stopped. This is necessary to prevent the growth of new shoots.

Before sheltering, all leaves and petioles of plants are removed, unripe shoots are cut off.

Before cold weather sets below 0°C, rose shoots are tied with twine and bent to the ground. It is important to avoid contact of the branches with the soil, which leads to rotting of the stems, so they are secured with a wire hook.

Place on top of the prepared bush wooden boards in the form of a roof, securing them with pegs. The ends should be closed only after the temperature has reached below -7°C. A dense layer is laid on top of the shelter plastic film and fix it.

The main cause of damage to roses in winter is exposure to moisture on the plant. Therefore, measures to cover roses are carried out only in dry weather, and in winter they prevent humidification of the air inside the shields. To do this, during prolonged thaws, the ends of the shelter need to be opened slightly.

Despite the whimsical nature of plants, gardeners admit that Cultivation of roses in Siberia allows you to create personal plot special atmosphere. Only the first 2 years are considered particularly difficult. As they grow older, roses that receive proper care become much hardier and do not require close attention.

There are many vines in the world: both flowering and decorative deciduous. Moreover, they not only decorate the designated hedge, but also serve as a living screen. Creepers help decorate an unsightly fence, old mesh or outbuilding. Calistegia terry is just such a “helper” for domestic flower growers: it is unpretentious, looks beautiful all season, and long flowering ends only after frost.

Siberian is their popular name. It seems to me that this nickname suits them completely: the inflorescences really look like blooming roses, but not so dense, but more fluffy. Calistegia It is also unique in that it blooms already in the first year after planting, and how it blooms: a flower is necessarily formed in each axil of green leaves. Somewhere from mid-July, the vine is completely covered with soft pink, shiny flowers, which do not stop blooming until late autumn. If you look at it from afar, it looks like someone has pasted a lot of small roses among the foliage. People often confuse it with climbing roses and even clematis - just in our gardens calistegia terry practically never occurs. Extremely difficult to find in stores planting material, which is another obstacle to a person’s acquaintance with this rose.

Calistegia. Growing

Do not be afraid to plant this vine; it is not capricious and grows well in almost any conditions. And if you take a little care of the “Siberian rose”, you will end up with a fast-growing, branched bindweed that will master any support, wall, chain-link fence or stone partitions! So, what does a plant need for a carefree life in our garden?

Planting site and soil. The time of the beginning of flowering depends on the choice of location: in a sunny area, the Siberian rose will show itself in all its glory in mid-July; in the shade it will bloom, but, as you understand, the effect will be somewhat worse, and besides, flowering will occur two weeks later.

Any soil will do, but it is better to prepare moderately nutritious, light soil in advance. In such conditions, calistegia will grow for at least ten years. I think it’s okay to try for such a beautiful vine just once?

Watering and fertilizing. Flowering takes a lot of effort, so make it a rule to regularly add organic and mineral fertilizers(one at a time). Watering is moderate; usually the vines have enough natural precipitation.

Transfer. Calistegia does not respond well to summer replanting - at this time it is already actively growing green mass and may die. And here autumn transplant just in time for her. The Siberian rose is very convenient because it can grow in one place for 10, 20, and even 30 years. However, before landing, carefully select a place, because the aggressor is still in front of you! Out of inexperience, I placed her in the front garden, so she soon swept up roses, lilies and other flowers. She climbs any elevation, and no ties or directions will save her - she will reach for the sun and overcome everything in her path. If you decide to seclude the vine in some far corner, dig up every single root, be careful: even a small part of such remains will add a lot of trouble in the coming spring.

Reproduction. Calistegia produces many root shoots. In spring they are visible along the perimeter of the mother bush: carefully dig them up and plant them in the right place, be sure to water them. There are no special recommendations regarding the timing of the reproduction of calistegia; you can dig in the children both in spring and autumn. It’s just that it’s better to cover and mulch the sprouts planted before winter.

Wintering. The Siberian rose overwinters well; after the first frost, prune the entire bush. You don’t even have to cover it: in my experience there was no freezing or getting wet.

Calistegia care. About once every 7-10 days you will have to pick up scissors and cut off all the dried flowers. It is very good at the moment of flowering, but old buds significantly spoil the appearance of the vine. It is also important to remove weak young shoots in the spring and periodically thin out the bush.

Some difficulties and pests

Despite its many advantages, there are two difficulties in growing this beautiful liana. First, and most important: the unbridled growth of the rhizome. If it is allowed to grow on its own, it will turn from a desirable vine into a raging weed that is difficult to control. Therefore, I recommend that you immediately determine clear boundaries that will restrain the rhizome from growing. In this case, I usually bury old buckets without a bottom in the hole or make a perimeter from slate, metal, etc. solid foundation. Work hard once - but then there will be no problems with the aggressiveness of the Siberian rose!

The second problem when growing flowering ones is the influx of slugs and snails. For some reason, they really love double calistegia, they crawl and feast on both leaves and flowers. Last summer there were a lot of them, a whole invasion. And this despite the fact that this plant is classified as poisonous plants. It seems that pests only like such toxicity. Pest control involves periodically treating bushes with pesticides. I don't know, maybe it's just me who has these problems?

Despite the difficulties described above and the periodic “dances with a tambourine” around calistegia, my plans do not include getting rid of it. First of all, this is a beautiful vine that perfectly decorates the not entirely attractive vertical supports. And when she opens soft pink buds, the spectacle (to the envy of her neighbors;)) is most magnificent!