Low pressure in the water supply system can infuriate not only you, but also expensive equipment. Agree, both of them just need to be protected. Such situations mainly oppress the owners of private houses, but they also happen in apartments connected to centralized networks. How to deal with them?
Pumps to increase water pressure will permanently get rid of these troubles. They will provide the operating parameters required for normal functionality. household appliances. Compact, almost invisible devices will protect your nerves and extend the working life of the units.
The article presented to your attention details the principles of equipment selection and the rules for its installation. Those who wish to carry out the work themselves or control the hired plumbers will be helped useful diagrams. The information is supplemented by photo collections and videos.
problem low pressure in the water supply, they solve using two types of devices: circulation and self-priming pumps. The former are simpler and easier to assemble into the system.
A conventional circulation pump consists of a rotor, an impeller mounted on it and an engine that rotates it all. Usually, if there is water in the system, but its pressure is weak, one or two pumps are enough.
The task of increasing the pressure in the water supply system is solved in two ways: by installing a circulation or centrifugal self-priming pump (click to enlarge)
But if water does not flow to the upper floors at all, you will have to put it. Such a device is simply installed as part of a plumbing system in a suitable location. The impeller spins, giving the water flow additional acceleration.
As a result, the pipes fill with water faster, providing the necessary level of pressure in the water supply. These are compact devices. low power designed to solve local problems. Suction pumps are more high performance and more complex device.
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In addition to the suction pump, capable of pumping water to a considerable height, the system is also equipped with a special membrane.
The work of this technique is automated, used. Water is first supplied to the storage tank, and then enters the water supply, providing the necessary characteristics within the system.
Thus, if centrifugal pump allows you to eliminate the problem in a separate area, then the suction equipment is used to regulate the entire water supply in a house or apartment.
Self-priming booster pumps are capable of lifting liquid to a height of up to 12 m, while their capacity starts from 2 m 3 / h.
Circulation pumps tend to work "to a dead end", i.e. they do not need to be turned off even if all taps are closed and no water is taken from the system.
Inlet pumps operate in approximately the same way to increase water pressure. These devices are similar in design to circulation models.
If such a pump is turned off, water will circulate freely through its housing. As soon as power is supplied to the motor, the pump turns on.
The impeller begins to rotate and the water pressure in the system increases. When faced with a choice between automatic or manual systems, the former is usually preferred.
Comparison of the scheme of the plumbing system with and without a booster pump allows you to more accurately represent the installation procedure for such equipment
It is more convenient to use such equipment, and it lasts longer, because it does not work idle. Take the pump manual control it makes sense only in cases where it will be used either for a very short time (temporary option), or extremely rarely (in summer, in the country, only on weekends).
The diagram clearly shows the device of a pump with a wet rotor. Water washes the moving parts of the pump and absorbs excess heat
The concept of dry and wet rotor refers to information about the cooling system of the device. In the first case, it is cooled by an air stream, and in the second case, by a stream of pumped water.
A wet rotor pump is cheaper, but has a shorter life due to the negative effects of sediment that accumulates on the working parts during pumping water. Models with a dry rotor cope with their tasks more efficiently, and their service life is longer.
Rules for selecting the power of the unit
The power of the device must be commensurate with the needs of the system. Lack of pressure is bad, but also too great pressure no need.
If a too efficient pump is selected for the water supply, the pressure in the system will increase, and all its elements will be subjected to unnecessary additional load. This leads to rapid wear and frequent breakdowns.
The water pressure in the system must not be less than two atmospheres. This is enough for comfortable water procedures, as well as to start the automatic washing machine.
Although some models are more demanding in terms of operating conditions. For example, if the house has a shower, hydromassage, jacuzzi or other similar devices, the pressure should be higher.
In this case, it is better to increase the pressure in the plumbing system to 5-6 atmospheres. Certain types of equipment require even higher performance.
Therefore, the first step before installing a pressure boosting pump should be to study the documentation of household appliances. If any devices are planned to be purchased in the future, their characteristics also need to be taken into account.
To create a permanent high pressure the system uses special pumping stations, including a pump and a hydraulic tank. Their work is controlled by a pressure switch.
Accurate calculations can be made by a specialist, but preliminary data made “by eye” are usually sufficient. To determine what pressure really exists in the system, you can use a regular liter jar. The water is opened and measured, how many liters of water poured out of the tap within a minute.
Then you need to deal with current needs. If the inconvenience is due to the fact that it is difficult to take a shower with an open tap in the kitchen due to low pressure, it is enough to use a conventional pump that will increase the pressure by a couple of atmospheres.
But if the house has an automatic washing machine, shower cabin or other equipment of this kind, you should study the technical documentation.
Each such consumer requires a certain pressure of water. Lack of sufficient pressure can lead to costly equipment running idle.
Household appliances, especially foreign-made ones, are not designed for such operating conditions. A failure caused by a lack of normal pressure can be considered as a case that does not comply with the warranty conditions.
You can focus on the maximum pressure in the plumbing system indicated in the device passports. In the presence of a large number such a technique should be consulted with an engineer.
When choosing a model of a water pump suitable for increasing pressure, one should also take into account the needs of equipment, the purchase of which is planned in the future.
Lack of pressure in the plumbing system can lead to premature wear and failure of expensive water heating and plumbing equipment.
Installation principles for self-priming models
Installing this type of pump is not difficult. This will require approximately the same skills and tools that are needed to install other types of pumping equipment.
Schematically, the installation of a booster pump can be represented as the following steps:
- Choosing a location for the accumulator and pump.
- Installing a hydraulic accumulator.
- Installation of pipes for connecting equipment to the water supply.
- Hanging the pump on the wall.
- Tying the pump and accumulator.
- Checking the operation of equipment in automatic mode.
In fact, the pump and accumulator with a pressure switch is a variation. To implement the installation of such a system of devices, you first need to find a place to place the tank.
Some craftsmen replace the accumulator with a membrane with a conventional large capacity, for example, a 200 liter plastic tank.
Instead of a pressure switch, the tank is equipped with a float sensor to ensure that it is automatically filled as needed. Such a tank is installed as high as possible: in the attic or on the top floor. Immediately you should think not only about the size, but also about the configuration of the container.
A flat and narrow tank will take less space than the traditional cylindrical model. Although there are no special requirements for the capacity configuration. When choosing a place for a container, access to the tank / accumulator or the possibility of easy dismantling of this element should be provided. This is necessary to complete Maintenance, repair or replace the device.
The photo shows the installation of check valves during installation plastic tank, as well as the procedure for connecting the inlet and outlet pipes to the water pipe
Supplied ready for installation, but the tank should be prepared. It has holes for water inlet and outlet.
You can also make a separate shut-off valve to drain water into emergency. Branch pipes for supplying water to the tank and taking it into the water supply system are mounted to one water pipe.
IN modern conditions for the installation of a water supply system, it is more logical to use easy-to-install and reliable plastic pipes.
To prevent air from being sucked into the tank from the pump, and also to prevent water from entering there when the equipment is turned off, both nozzles should be equipped with check valves. After that, pipes are mounted, with the help of which the tank is connected to the plumbing system.
Circulation pumps occupy a minimum of space, do not interfere with the maintenance of household appliances
After the tank or hydraulic accumulator is installed, and the laying of the necessary water pipes, you can start installing the suction pump. Usually such a device is delivered unassembled. It is first collected, and then proceed to installation.
If you decide to mount the pump on the wall, you should first make markings for fasteners. Then the pump is suspended and connected to the water supply pipes. In general, this is not a very difficult operation. Important point- the direction of the liquid in the pump. It is indicated on the case with special marks.
The pump should be installed in such a way that the movement of water is from the tank to the water points. Thus, the scheme for installing and connecting a pressure boosting pump is as follows: accumulator-pump-consumer. Then the pump is tied.
All connections must be carefully sealed. If a booster pump is connected threaded connections, you should use a suitable sealant: FUM tape, linen thread, etc.
The amount of sealant should be sufficient, but not excessive. TO plastic pipes the device is connected by means of special fittings.
After that, you should check the operation of the entire system. If a tank with a float sensor was used, it is filled with water. Check not only the operation of the sensor. The container that serves as a storage tank should be checked for leaks. If everything is in order, you can proceed to testing the operation of the pump itself.
The pump must be connected to electrical network. It is recommended that the pump switch lever be set to the automatic position. It remains to open the nearest water tap and observe the operation of the device. If the installation is done correctly, the pump should automatically turn on, and the water pressure will increase noticeably.
Similarly, the installation of pressure boosting circulation pumps is carried out. For them choose appropriate place in the plumbing, and they cut it there. In this case, it is also extremely important to correctly connect the pump, taking into account the direction of fluid flow. If the position of the device is incorrect, the pump will still let the water flow through.
Wiring diagram circulation pump to the plumbing system. The installation of such a device is very simple, but it is important not to confuse the direction of water flow.
But his work will be extremely inefficient, since the device simply will not function. In the instructions and on the case it is indicated in detail correct position pump.
After installation, the pump is turned on in the mains and its operation is checked. If the water pressure at the nearest water intake point has increased, then the installation is done correctly.
A small pressure booster pump is simply plugged into the system. Usually for this it is enough to remove a piece of pipe of the appropriate length at the beginning of the water pipe.
Installing a system with a hydraulic accumulator looks a little more complicated. First you need to deal with the device of the entire structure.
The pump is connected to the accumulator using special hoses. Then a pressure switch is connected, with which the equipment will turn on and off.
This figure shows in detail the principle of operation of a pump with a hydraulic accumulator and how to connect it. The pump fills the tank and then turns off
Deserves special attention. Before starting work, it is recommended to carefully study the instructions and recommendations of the manufacturer.
If there is not enough knowledge and skills for high-quality installation and configuration of equipment, it is better to contact a specialist for advice or completely entrust him with all the work.
Not always a booster pump is needed to solve the problem with low water pressure in the system. To begin with, it does not hurt to diagnose the condition of the water pipes. Their cleaning or complete replacement can restore normal pressure without additional equipment.
To understand that the problem is in the poor condition of the water pipes, sometimes it is enough to ask neighbors who live in apartments on the same floor or higher.
If they have normal pressure, you almost certainly need to clean the pipes. If the picture is the same for everyone, there may be more serious problems affecting the entire plumbing system of the house and even the area.
In high-rise buildings, water sometimes simply does not flow to the upper floors. This requires high-powered and rather expensive equipment. It makes sense to cooperate with other tenants to share the costs.
It is a good idea to demand that the organization that receives the payment for the water supply solve the problem, since it is they who must ensure the supply of water to the consumer.
The lack of water on the upper floors is a violation of the requirements fire safety. When communicating with the water service provider, it is worth paying attention to this point and mention the possibility of litigation due to non-compliance with the law.
Installation of equipment in apartment building Best to get a professional plumber management company. He is with the system better familiar, and will be responsible in case of leaks or breakdowns caused by poor installation of equipment.
Conclusions and useful video on the topic
Visually the operation of the booster pump in an apartment high-rise building featured in the following video:
Informative video on the installation of a booster pump:
Many models of booster pumps can easily be installed independently. Even a novice plumber will cope with this task without any problems. But the level of comfort with normal water pressure in the system will increase very noticeably.
Interested in information or have questions? Leave comments on the article. Two-way communication will help you quickly understand difficult or unclear points.
Contemporary public utilities often does not provide the supply of water of the required parameters to the common highway. A pump to increase the water pressure in some cases would be useful. But the choice of device depends on many factors. Sometimes a complex solution can save the situation.
Technical parameters of water supply laid down in the regulations
Modern household appliances are designed for water supply with a pressure of 4 bar. If the pressure in the tubes is less, the devices turn off. You can check the pressure on the pressure gauge or using homemade device- a transparent tube 2 m long connected to a tap.
equivalent physical quantities pressures are recognized: 1 bar, 1at, 10 m of water. Art., 100 kPa. Such indicators can be found in the passports of the pumps.
The normal pressure is considered to be the pressure for which pipes, joints, gaskets are designed - 4 bar. At 6-7 bars, leaks appear in the line, at 10 the pipes can break. You need to know this when choosing a pump to increase water pressure.
Is it always possible to install booster pumps
In a private house, the lack of pressure in the line is stopped installed pumps. At the same time, their power supply through the battery tank allows you to have stable input parameters. Mount devices in areas where you need to increase the pressure after the pump. The pump for increasing the water pressure differs from the centrifugal one in that it turns on periodically, upon request. The centrifugal apparatus in the system is constantly running.
In an apartment building, there can be several problems:
- in the manifold on the distribution comb is not desired pressure for any reason;
- during peak loads, water flows to the upper floors intermittently;
- In the apartment at different points the pressure is different.
Examinations should show the reason for the lack of pressure. There are cases when the pressure in the line is normal, but the downstairs neighbor narrowed the conditional passage when replacing pipes. It happens that the pipes are completely clogged with rust. In such cases, it is useless to install a pump to increase the water pressure in an apartment with a common wiring. It is necessary to restore the conditional passage in the system.
A legitimate way out could be to install an accumulator tank in the basement, common to the riser, then all residents can use a pump that increases the pressure in the water supply on a common line.
With a general lack of water in the system, it is prohibited to install an additional pump to increase pressure, penalties are comparable to the cost of the equipment.
Pump Selection Criteria
First of all, a pump is selected based on the outlet pressure indicator, about 4 bar. It is important to know the dimensions, wet or dry rotor, noise. When choosing a high-pressure pump, the presence of automation or manual control can be decisive.
Used for hot and cold water supply different systems pumps. Systems cold water are equipped with pumps of well-known manufacturers:
- WILO - the booster pump is recognized as the most purchased. Differ in simple device, reliability and long term guarantees.
- – works silently, in demand, warranty is issued for 1 year
- OASIS is a brand that strives to get into the TOP, and so far it succeeds due to simple device, reliability and low price.
- Gileks is a recognized domestic leader in the production of pumps.
Their models are compact and quiet. Branch pipes for installation are unified for Russian water utility systems.
Pumps to increase water pressure are of two types, with a "wet" and "dry" rotor. Devices with a wet rotor are installed in a pipe. The power part is located outside the pipe, has air cooling, is attached to the wall as a cantilever - a pump with a dry rotor.
The high pressure water pumps on the manifolds run continuously. More often they are equipped with more than one, several wheels, the pressure increase occurs in steps. Such devices can create a pressure of several tens of atmospheres on the injection line. Industrial plants high-pressure models are only available with a free-standing air-cooled engine.
Installation of the pump in the apartment
First you need to carry out the distribution of water to devices that need a stable pressure. Installing the pump before wiring will make it possible to get by with one device, which is turned on manually or automatically.
Before starting work, make sure that the reinforcement does not let the agent through. To guarantee the common cold water riser must be blocked from the collector.
Steel pipes should be welded by a professional welder. Polypropylene conduits are connected with special fittings, a soldering iron is required. Be sure to install shut-off valves before and after the pump.
It is important to correctly position the high pressure water pump impeller in the direction of fluid flow, as indicated by the arrow. A common booster pump can be installed immediately after the root valve, then the pressure is maintained at all points of extraction. After checking the system for tight connections, the pump is plugged into the outlet.
Using the accumulator tank and high pressure pump
Such a scheme will be required if a multi-storey building chronically lacks pressure on the upper floors. Turning on the high pressure pump is due to an increase in the flow rate on the line to a certain value. Since pressure and flow are interdependent indicators, an increase in flow is a signal to turn on the high pressure pump.
Turning on, the pump will create the necessary pressure in the system on all floors. Thus, it is possible to solve the problem of water supply for residents in a cottage or multi-storey building.
booster pump cost
The market offers models of pumps for increasing water pressure at a price corresponding to the prestige of the brand, the degree of automation, and parameters. The minimum pump costs 2500 rubles. Brands that work on the principle: set it and forget it, can cost 30,000 rubles.
Industrial installations for highways are purchased by agreement. In any case, the installation of a high-pressure pump will require a survey of pipes and an installation project approved by the Housing Office.
Video about the operation of the booster pump in the water supply system
The drop in water pressure in the pipeline inevitably leads to the fact that any instantaneous water heaters, including gas water heaters stop working, as well as washing machines that do not have a storage tank. If the apartment does not hot water even taking a shower can be difficult. Correct selection and the installation of a special pump eliminates this problem.
What is a water pressure booster pump for?
The water supply system is represented by many pipes interconnected by a large number of taps, tees, elbows and other elements. The presence of a large number of pipe bends helps to reduce pressure, and with increased water consumption by the population and subject to the presence of outdated pumping equipment at stations supplying water, the situation can become catastrophic.
It is from these factors that the upper floors are often apartment buildings remain completely without water during the hours when its consumption increases everywhere. If the pressure in the plumbing system drops to below 2 atmospheres, a special pump must be installed to correct the situation.
At the same time, it must be taken into account that in some cases such equipment can only partially improve the situation, and sometimes it is not able to eliminate the problem at all. For example, if low pressure is the result of a clogged or ruptured pipe, it is not possible to cope with this problem by installing a pump. In such cases, only cleaning the pipes and replacing them, if necessary, can correct the situation.
Since the water pump will be used in the future at home, many factors must be taken into account. The first thing you should pay attention to is the power of the device. This is the defining parameter. When choosing a pump, you need to take into account the number of taps and equipment that uses water during operation. Often only powerful devices can meet the needs of residents of an apartment or house.
Existing models of water pressure pumps also differ in the type of control. Some are manual while others are automatic. By increasing the water pressure, any electric pump will create a certain level of noise. This can create some discomfort for residents. When choosing a unit, this parameter must be paid attention to, since many modern models operate almost silently.
In addition, compact models can only be connected to pipes of a certain diameter. Some machines are designed exclusively for cold water supply, while others can be used to pressurize a hot water supply system.
When choosing a pump, you need to consider how much it can raise the water level. Especially important given parameter when choosing a pumping station designed to increase pressure in several apartments of a multi-storey building at once.
To buy a quality device, you need to pay attention to the performance of the device. This parameter determines how much liquid the pump can pump per unit of time. Performance values must necessarily exceed the average water flow.
Some water compressors have additional functions, for example, built-in filter. In addition, you need to pay attention to the manufacturer, since devices from companies that have already earned a good reputation, in most cases, are durable.
Varieties of designs of household pumps
All pumps used to increase the pressure in the water supply system of houses, apartments and cottages can be divided into devices with a "wet" and "dry" rotor. Each option has its own characteristics. Pumps used to increase the pressure of water in pipes with a "wet" rotor are compact in size and make little noise during operation, since their internal parts are lubricated by the pumped liquid.
Such devices have a simple circuit connections. In most cases, they simply cut into the water pipe and work as flow pump. Such pumps are installed in front of the water intake point or in front of household appliances.
Water compressors with a "dry" rotor are characterized by higher performance. Such devices are used in most cases to serve several points of water intake. A distinctive feature of all water pumps with a "dry" rotor is the location of the main electric pump-pump away from the main body and the presence of a separate air cooling system. The rotor does not interact with water.
The best wet rotor pumps
Since there are many varieties of pumps with a "wet" rotor on the market, the selection of such an apparatus can be a certain difficulty for people who are not versed in such a technique. To the most best models dry rotor water pumps, Grundfos UPA 15-90 (N) applies.
This device is equipped with a reinforced body made of cast iron, a terminal box and a flow sensor. Work can be carried out both in automatic and manual mode. The advantages of this device include:
- high build quality;
- overheat protection;
- low noise figure;
- resistance to corrosion and wear;
- durability;
- compactness.
The disadvantages of this model include high cost and expensive post-warranty repairs.
In addition, experts often recommend a pump with a "wet" rotor made in Germany - Wilo PB-201EA. This device has a reliable cast iron body with a special coating, bronze nozzles, a plastic wheel and a shaft with of stainless steel. This pump has a mode switch. The advantages of such devices include:
- use of materials resistant to corrosion;
- low level noise;
- the possibility of pumping hot water;
- overheat protection;
- simplicity in terms of installation;
- long service life.
The disadvantages of this apparatus include relatively large dimensions. In addition, such a pump can only be mounted horizontally.
High-quality models of pumps with a "dry" rotor
In some cases, it is advisable to use pumps with a "dry" rotor. The best and at the same time inexpensive devices of this type include the Jemix W15GR-15 A.
This unit It has a durable cast-iron body, but at the same time the motor shell is made of aluminum, and the rotary wheel is made of durable plastic. Using the switch, you can configure such a pump to work in both manual and automatic modes. The advantages of this model include:
- high performance characteristics;
- endurance high temperatures water;
- overheat protection;
- dry running fuse;
- resistance to corrosion;
- relatively low price.
The obvious disadvantages of this model include the possibility of heating during operation. In addition, this unit is very noisy. The service life of this unit is relatively short.
Among other things, noteworthy models of pumps for boosting pressure, characterized by a "dry" rotor, include the Comfort X15GR-15. This model is equipped with stainless steel housing, flow switch and vane cooler. This unit works in both manual and automatic mode. The advantages of this pump include:
- small dimensions;
- low power consumption;
- the possibility of using for pumping water with high temperature;
- ease of operation and installation;
- resistance to corrosion;
- relatively low price.
Please note that this unit makes a lot of noise during operation. In addition, many users note that the power cord of this pump is short, so it is often necessary to use a carrier.
Pumping stations for increasing water pressure
Pumping stations deserve special attention. Good feedback has a Grundfos MQ3-35 model. This is one of the best pumping stations designed to increase water pressure. She has automatic control. This machine is equipped with an electric motor, self-priming pump, hydraulic accumulator. Such pumping station managed by automatic system, equipped with a pressure switch, a protective block and a flow sensor. The advantages of this device include:
- design reliability;
- wear resistance;
- built-in protection system;
- ease of installation;
- low noise levels;
- durability.
It must be borne in mind that this unit is only suitable for pumping cold water. In addition, in this model the accumulator has a small size.
The Dzhileks "Jumbo" 70/50 N-50 N device is distinguished by good performance. This model has a built-in asynchronous motor, ejector, centrifugal pump, horizontal hydraulic accumulator, pressure gauge, pressure switch. The device has good power and performance. The advantages of this model include:
- resistance to corrosion;
- built-in protection against overheating;
- ease of installation;
- Ease of use;
- relatively low cost;
- water level control.
The main disadvantage of this unit is high level noise generated during operation. In addition, this model does not have built-in protection against dry running. The device can operate at a water temperature not exceeding +35°C. For effective cooling of the mechanism, it is necessary that the air temperature is no more than +50°C.
Sources:
- The best pumps to increase water pressure
- Automatic pump to increase the water pressure in the apartment - selection and installation
For the normal operation of household washing and heating equipment, a certain pressure water in the plumbing. This is especially true for flowing electrical and gas water heaters. Under reduced pressure built into them protective devices disable these devices completely. There are several ways to solve this problem.
You will need
- Manometer, plumbing steel cable, calculator.
Instruction
In autonomous (located in rural areas) systems, there are several reasons leading to a drop in pressure in the water supply. First of all, check the correct operation circuit breaker pumping station. To do this, connect a pressure gauge to the outlet pipe of the pumping station and turn it on. The motor should turn off when pressure will rise to 2.5 atmospheres. Then slightly open the shut-off valve and slowly drain the water from the accumulator. When pressure drops to 1, the pumping station motor should turn on. Then check pressure air in the air chamber, it should be about 2 atmospheres. If it's lower, raise it to that level. If the test results differ greatly from the above calculations, have the pumping station repaired.
In the event that when you open a tap in the house, the water briefly goes under with great pressure, and then the pressure decreases significantly, you have clogged. Clean it with sanitary steel. If this is not possible, replace the damaged section of the pipeline.
In case if pressure water in the water supply system periodically decreases and rises without any system, determine the maximum flow water in the house. To do this, count the number of water distribution points. For one point estimated flow water 0.6 cubic meters water at one o'clock. The calculation assumes that two-thirds of the total can work simultaneously.
Example: together with a heating column, a washing machine and a machine (if any), there are 5 water distribution points in the house. So multiply 3×0.6 and get the value maximum flow water in this house. It is equal to 1.8 cubic meters per hour. Convert this value to liters per minute. To do this, divide 1.8 by 60 and multiply by a thousand. The resulting number will be the value of the maximum flow water in a minute.
Check if the performance of your pumping station matches the maximum flow rate water in the house. When there is insufficient performance pressure water in the water supply system
Pumps to increase water pressure - a practical solution to the problem of low water pressure in the room. When water barely flows out of the tap, this not only causes tangible inconvenience to residents, but also negatively affects the operation of household appliances.
Due to low pressure, washing machines, dishwashers, boilers, etc. stop working. Faced with a similar problem, it makes sense to think about buying a pump to increase water pressure.
Good pressure indicators
The pressure of a liquid can be measured using several quantities: bar, atmospheres, meters of water column. So 1 bar equals 1.0197 atmospheres or 10.19 meters of water column. According to the standard indicators of urban water supply, the pressure in the network must be at least 4 atmospheres. But the actual numbers are not so optimistic. In most cases, enormous pressure drops are recorded that adversely affect the entire system.
An increase in pressure up to 7 atmospheres can disable even the highest quality plumbing and destroy pipe fasteners, causing a leak.
Weak pressure is also the cause of many problems. At an indicator of 2 atmospheres and below, household appliances stop working, and the owners experience tangible inconvenience.
The permissible minimum required for the operation of basic household appliances is 1.5-2.4 atmospheres. The reason for too low pressure may be a strong analysis of water or the fact that the apartment is located on the upper floors of a multi-storey building. In this case, it is recommended to use special equipment that maintains stable pressure indicators - a pump to raise the water pressure.
Equipment selection
For selection the best option pump, specify the nature of the problem - low pressure, frequent drops, high pressure.
If the flow of water from the faucet is very weak, it is necessary to install a pump that increases the water pressure. In the event of a complete lack of water on the last floors of a multi-storey building, most likely, you need to buy a self-priming pumping station.
The main parameters that should be relied upon when choosing pumping equipment
- Task - what the equipment is for: increase / decrease / regulate pressure.
- Equipment characteristics - the main indicators indicating the throughput and pressure.
- Manufacturing plant - the credibility of the company that produces pumps for raising the water level, reviews about it.
- The dimensions of the serviced area are the dimensions of the room where the pump will be installed.
- The financial question is the amount that you are willing to allocate for the purchase of a pump.
It will be quite difficult for an ignorant person to calculate the required performance and water pressure to select a suitable pump. If you do not have the relevant knowledge, entrust this work to a specialist. Often, when ordering equipment, firms provide this service for free.
Compact pumps
When a slight increase in pressure in the system is required (by 1-1.5 atmospheres), installing a compact pump will be enough. This is a small piece of equipment that is installed directly into the water pipe.
The price of a water pressure booster pump may vary depending on the characteristics and manufacturer. Many experts are inclined to believe that it makes no sense to overpay for such an ordinary device. It is not at all necessary to install an expensive imported high-power pump. It is better to use equipment with less power and the possibility of optimizing work. The connection of such pumps is carried out in front of the places where pipes are fastened and near household appliances.
Equipment classification
The choice of device depends on the need for the usual amplification of low pressure or the “running” of water from the lower floors of a residential building to the upper ones.
If you just need to increase the pressure, it is recommended to use a small pump with low power. If you need to raise water from the bottom up, you will need a centrifugal pump with a hydraulic accumulator. There are pumps for increasing the pressure of hot water and cold water.
Operating modes
1. Manual - uninterrupted operation of pumping equipment. To prevent overheating during operation, it is necessary to constantly monitor the indicators and turn off the pump in a timely manner. Otherwise, it may overheat and fail.
2. Automatic - regulation of the working process is carried out by a flow sensor. The pump is switched on at the moment of switching on faucet. That is, if no water flows, the pump is at rest. Obvious factors indicate that automatic pump increasing water pressure is much more convenient and functional than manual. It has protectors that do not allow it to turn on if the water does not flow. This guarantees the economy and durability of the device.
Cooling methods
1. Motor impeller - the blades located on the shaft cool the device. Such a mechanism with a dry rotor allows the pump to work more or less silently and significantly increases efficiency.
2. Liquid - the device is cooled by water pumped during operation. The mechanism, with the so-called wet rotor, creates practically no noise, unlike the previous version.
Pumping stations
Before deciding on the choice of a pumping station, make sure that the source of the problem of low pressure is precisely the low water pressure in the system, and not clogged pipes. Over the years, all pipes are covered from the inside limescale and mechanical particles remaining after filtration. Their volume decreases, resulting in low throughput. If this is the reason, no pumping station will solve the problem - the entire water supply system needs to be replaced. In other cases, a water pressure booster pump will help you.
With the help of a pumping station, you can raise water from a well or the lower tiers of a house. Such devices are especially popular in private residential sectors.
The station device is a centrifugal pump that increases water pressure. It is connected to a hydraulic accumulator and a relay that controls the entire system. During operation, water is pumped from the system to the storage tank. Even after an unplanned (emergency) shutdown of the pump, you can use the stored water. In the event of such a shutdown of water, the pressure will gradually decrease to a certain level. Having reached it, the relay will automatically work, turning on the pump. It is logical that the larger the volume of the water tank, the longer the pump will last, since the device will turn on and off less often.
Models and Specifications
There are several popular models of pumps for increasing water pressure, the properties and characteristics of which are most in demand for use in apartments, cottages, summer cottages.
Sprut 15WBX-8
A vortex pump designed for pumping liquids containing gas or air. Demonstrates high performance in increasing inlet pressure with a relatively low volumetric flow.
Main characteristics:
- asynchronous and virtually silent motor
- one mode of operation
- power 0.09 kW
- capacity up to 8 liters of fluid per minute
- liquid head up to 8m
Aquatica 774715
Provides a good increase in water pressure in the water supply system, thanks to modern automation and a "dry" rotor system.
Main characteristics:
- maximum heating up to 40C
- asynchronous and silent motor
- single phase voltage up to 240V
- power 0.08 kW
- liquid head up to 10m
Euroaqua 15WB-10
A vortex electric pump for increasing water pressure in cottages, summer cottages, apartments. The design of the impeller pumps liquid with gas or air. Small volume feed and long term operation.
Main characteristics:
- maximum water heating up to 40C
- silent asynchronous motor
- one mode of operation
- power 0.09 kW
- capacity up to 10 liters of fluid per minute
- liquid head up to 10m
Katran 774713
Modern automation of the "dry" rotor provides high performance of the electric pump with a small volume flow.
Main characteristics:
- maximum water temperature +40С
- virtually silent motor
- three operating modes
- power 0.1 kW
- single phase voltage up to 240V
- capacity up to 30 liters of fluid per minute
- liquid head up to 9m
Buying a pump to increase water pressure is not difficult - they are sold in almost all specialized plumbing, household appliances, and construction markets. But to avoid possible problems in the future, it is recommended to contact the company salon, where specialists will advise you and provide a guarantee for the purchased product.
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Life modern man living in an apartment building is unthinkable without the usual amenities: electricity, sewerage and, of course, running water. However, it often happens that the quality of services provided by the water utility is unsatisfactory, namely, the residents are not satisfied with the pressure in the water supply. Weak pressure leads to the fact that household appliances refuse to work, and sometimes water simply does not reach the upper floors. Therefore, many are interested in the question of how to increase the water pressure in an apartment using a booster pump? Let's try to answer this question.
When is a booster pump needed?
Water pressure in a water supply system is measured in two quantities - bar, atmosphere and water column:
1 bar = 1.0197 atmospheres = 10.19 meters of water.
According to regulatory documentation, the pressure in the water supply system of a city apartment should be no more than 6 atmospheres and at least 2, ideally 4, and for a water supply system in a private house, the average will be 3 atmospheres. However, the reality is that the pressure in the water supply system of high-rise buildings jumps a lot.
Pressure over 6-7 atm. has a negative impact on plumbing, pipeline, breaks in connections occur. At the same time, low pressure also causes many inconveniences. At a pressure of less than 2 atmospheres, neither the washing machine nor geyser, nor Dishwasher will not work. For normal operation of household appliances in the system, there must be a minimum pressure in the range from 2 to 2.5 atmospheres.
Therefore, when the pressure indicators are below the norm, then it is necessary to use special boosting devices:
- pumps to increase water pressure;
- self-priming pumping station.
However, before choosing a water pump to increase pressure, you first need to establish the problem:
- there is water in the water supply, but its pressure is very weak;
- water does not reach the upper floors, but everything is fine on the lower floors.
The first problem can be solved by household water pumps that increase the pressure in home system, and in the second case, only a self-priming pumping station can solve the problem. Therefore, you first need to find the cause of low pressure, and then select booster pumps.
Very often, the cause of low pressure is the destruction of the water supply, corrosion or severe contamination of the pipes. Then installing a high-pressure water pump will not help, the pipeline needs to be replaced. Well, if the reason is still low pressure, then it can be increased by installing appropriate equipment in the apartment.
The station for increasing low water pressure is also based on the use of a pump to increase pressure, however, in this device it is connected to a hydraulic accumulator, and a special relay is used to pump up pressure in the water supply. At the same time, a self-priming centrifugal station pumps liquid into the storage tank.
What are pressure boosters?
So, when choosing pumps for water supply in order to increase pressure or raise water to the upper floors, you need to know what types of units for increased pressure exist. For example, to enhance low pressure it is enough to choose a design that is compact in size and small in power, such as "in-line", which is simply installed in the system and raises the pressure by 1-3 atmospheres.
Such a pump can operate in the following modes (classification according to the method of inclusion):
- manual activation - ensures continuous operation of the unit when the equipment is turned on. If there is no need to increase the pressure, then the device is simply turned off. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the pump does not overheat;
- automatic switching on - in this case, the flow sensor reacts to the presence or absence of flow. When water is drawn, the pump turns on, and if there is no certain flow per second, then the unit turns off. These models are more economical;
- combined options - they can work either in one or another mode, if you translate a special switch.
Existing units are also classified according to the cooling method:
- with a dry rotor - cooling occurs due to the movement of the blades mounted on the shaft. They are distinguished by high efficiency, but they are large in size and very noisy;
- with a wet rotor - cooling occurs due to the pumped liquid. They have a low noise level, compact dimensions, but are less efficient.
By type of construction, the following models can be distinguished:
- in-line - small, but inefficient units that are mounted in the supply pipeline;
- vortex - with higher performance, but noisy and require special piping.
Also, the booster pump differs in the installation method: horizontally, vertically, in both positions, and in the number of operating speeds:
- single-stage - with one pumping speed;
- multi-stage - with several speeds that switch depending on the flow rate.
According to the principle of operation, a flow, pressure, injection pump, as well as a unit that increases circulation are distinguished.
It should be noted that pumps for increasing pressure are universal, that is, they can be used in systems with both cold and hot water supply. And there are models that can be used only for hot or exclusively for cold water.
What parameters to pay attention to when choosing?
First of all, it must be remembered that the high-pressure water pump is powered by electricity, and it needs to be provided with a normal power supply. Also, in most cases, such equipment is very demanding on voltage. Therefore, if the installed booster pump does not increase the pressure to the required level, then check the voltage in the mains. If it is low, then required power unit operation is not achieved.
It is also important to take into account specifications devices that determine whether the pump can cope with the task:
- Maximum flow - this parameter shows how much water this device can pump per unit of time: liters per minute or cubic meters per hour.
- The maximum working pressure is the value that the booster unit can produce at the outlet relative to the installation site.
- Minimum turn-on speed - a parameter that indicates when the equipment turns on: at a speed of 0.12 l / min or 0.3 l / min. It depends on this indicator whether the unit will work when the toilet bowl is filled, or it will turn on only after opening the mixer in the bath.
- Maximum and rated power - this value shows the performance of the motor, measured in watts (W). The higher the power, the higher the maximum pressure.
- Temperature of the working environment - indicates at what temperature the equipment can operate (for hot or cold water). Measured in degrees Celsius.
- cross section connecting elements. The pressure increasing pump cuts into the pipeline, so it is important that the size of the connecting nuts and fittings match the diameter of the pipes, otherwise the pressure will be less.
- Noise level - measured in decibels (dB), different models your noise level.
- The size of the equipment is an important parameter that must also be taken into account, since this unit can be installed in very small rooms.
- The number of speeds of the unit.
- Reliability and reputation of the manufacturer. Companies such as Sprut, Aquatica, Wilo, Katran, Grundfos, Euroaqua, Jemix have proven themselves best. Grundafos is the best Danish brand.
In order not to choose for a long time, they usually buy a pump that increases low water pressure with an in-line (built-in) design with a wet rotor. This is the most optimal model, combining low noise level and ease of installation.
vertical or horizontal type installation - depends on the place where the water flow enters. As for speeds, then, of course, multi-stage equipment is better, but these models are expensive, so not every consumer is ready to pay a round sum for them.
In this case, it is better to choose pumps that operate in both manual and automatic modes, since not all water intake points can create a flow that is necessary to turn on the device. Then, having a manual mode, the unit can be turned on forcibly.
The material of manufacture of the housing and impeller is also worth paying attention to. The body can be made of stainless steel or cast iron, with stainless steel being preferred. In the cheapest models of this device, the impeller is made of plastic, while the more expensive pumps are made of brass or bronze.
Features of installing a device for pressure in the water supply
The installation location of the pressure boosting equipment depends on the specific situation. To ensure the normal operation of the faucet and shower head, it is enough to mount it at the outlet of storage tank. For devices that are more demanding on pressure (washing machine, dishwasher, water heater), it is better to install the pump in front of them.
With sufficient flow and power, one unit, as a rule, is enough for two points of water intake, but it is necessary to carefully consider the scheme. One way or another, when designing the installation scheme, it is worth considering the possibility of bypassing or removing the pump. This can be done using a bypass with a shut-off valve.
However, the installation of several low-power pumps at once is not the best option. In this case, it is worth installing more powerful models that can stabilize the pressure at high flow rates.
The installation of a pump to increase the pressure in the water supply of an apartment or a private house is performed in the following sequence:
- First, mark the pipe on which the equipment will be installed, taking into account the length of the device and fittings.
- Then the water supply is shut off in the room.
- After that, in the marked places, the pipe is cut.
- At the ends of the pipeline, an external thread is cut.
- Then adapters with an internal thread are mounted on the pipe.
- Fittings from the kit with the pump are screwed into the installed adapters. For better sealing, wind FUM tape around the thread.
- An increasing device is mounted, while it is necessary to follow the instructions of the arrow on the body of the device, showing the direction of water flow.
- After that, from the electrical panel to the device, you need to stretch a three-core cable and, preferably, make a separate outlet, and it is better to connect the device through a separate RCD.
- Then the pump must be turned on and its operation checked, paying attention to the absence of leaks at the joints. Tighten the fittings if necessary.
Proper installation of the device will provide water needs for many years. Adhere to the following recommendations during the installation of equipment:
- in order for the pump to work longer, it is better to install a mechanical filter at the inlet to it. So you can protect the device from getting into it unwanted particles;
- it is better to mount the unit in a dry and heated room, since low temperatures can freeze the liquid in the device, which will disable it;
- vibration from the operation of the equipment, over time, can loosen the fasteners, causing a leak, so sometimes you need to check the connections for leaks.
Now you know how to increase the water pressure in the apartment. Remember that a well-chosen and properly installed device can solve the problem of low pressure in the water supply.
