Home heating system device. Water heated floor. Types of heating systems

Hooray! You erected the walls of the future house, equipped the roof and thought. Do-it-yourself heating of a private house - is it possible? What will be the heating scheme? Although, most likely, you study the issue in advance. So let's decide now what kind of heating will be in the house.
Almost certainly the heating method is chosen, but let's spend a couple of minutes considering the alternatives, what if? ..

Types of heating.

Geo- and solar thermal heating. Heating the house with the help of the heat of the earth and the energy of the sun. In the vast majority of cases, these methods are not applicable, they will pay off for a long time, so we will not dwell on them.
Steam heating. Water is heated by a boiler until it turns into steam. main pipes supplied to the radiators. There it gives off heat, and returning to a liquid state, it falls back into the boiler. This system is used in enterprises. For a private house - unacceptable due to bulkiness. And don't forget about safety. A steam boiler is not a very reliable thing, and the steam temperature is 115 ° C.
Air, infrared heating. A heat source such as infrared emitter, heats the air, which is directed directly or through air ducts into the premises. The heat source is powered by natural gas. Fans are used to improve air circulation. It is used for heating workshops at enterprises, it is not suitable for a residential building. Dry air will not create comfort in the house. Yes, this system is expensive.

Now closer to the realities of life.

Electric heating. To create heating, convectors, "warm floors", electric infrared heaters and their combinations are used.
Convectors - These are the same radiators, only heated with electricity. The convector has a metal case, the surface temperature is not more than 60°C. Grills are placed on the body, directing air flows down and to the sides. Convectors are protected from overheating and power surges.
Creating a heating scheme using convectors is cheaper than water heating, because there is neither a boiler nor main networks. In addition, there are movable convectors, this allows you to change the heating scheme.

The simplest calculation of the required number of devices is carried out from the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house, per 1 square meter rooms require 100 W of thermal power. For example, the area of ​​​​the house is 200 square meters. m. So, it is required thermal power 100 W x 200 = 20,000 W. You have chosen a convector with a power of 2000 W. Number of items 20,000/2000 = 10 pieces.
Warm floor - heat the room from the bottom up. Heat goes in the right direction and evenly over the entire area. For the installation of a warm floor inside the screed, a system of heating elements is created, most often electric. electrical element- tube or conductive film. For the sake of justice, let's say that warm floors can be water.

Advice. Do not install water heated floors in a multi-storey building. In the event of a leak, you won’t get any trouble, opening them is a problem, plus repairing flooded neighbors from below.

Infrared ceiling heaters . A new interesting technical solution for space heating. The heat from the heater located at the top of the room is not transferred to the air, but directly to the objects in the room. Heaters of this principle have a high coefficient useful action. Their location does not reduce the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room.

In conclusion, a couple of fly in the ointment electric heating. Heating a house with electricity is more expensive than gas and power outages happen much more often than with gas.

Water heating. The system is simple, reliable and cheap to operate. One downside is the cost of creating it. Further in the article, we will consider it.

Water heating. Operating principle. Construction elements.

The circuit is a closed circuit built around the heater - the boiler. Water radiators are used as heat transfer elements. Water, heated in the boiler to a temperature of approximately 75 ° C, enters the heating circuit. Giving heat to the surrounding air with the help of radiators, the cooled water enters the boiler again for further heating. Further, the cycle is repeated.

Depending on the type of fuel, boilers are divided into:

• gas,
• solid fuel,
• liquid fuel,
• electrical.

gas boilers Most Popular. This is due to their efficiency and the relative cheapness of natural gas. The range of models allows you to choose a boiler for every taste, for solving any task. Disadvantages - installation and installation of the boiler can only be carried out by a specialized organization. The second drawback is that your area must be gasified, it is very expensive to use gas in cylinders.
Solid fuel boilers are heated by coal, peat, pallets. The downside is obvious - the fuel must be constantly loaded and stored somewhere. But if there is no gas, then the choice decreases.
Oil boilers have a number of serious shortcomings. The main one is the cost of fuel. And every day the cost is increasing. In addition, when the fuel is burned, a very noticeable smell is released. Storage requires a special tank.

Perhaps, when choosing a boiler, the calorific value table will help you different types fuel.

Electric boilers - connected to centralized electrical network. The disadvantage is the high cost of fuel compared to a gas boiler.

A few words about what boiler power you need. If you do not want to go into cumbersome calculations, then it can be estimated using a table.

House area, sq. m. Boiler power, kW
60-200 to 25
200-300 25-35
300-600 35-60
600-1200 60-100

There are models of boilers that can use several types of fuel. For example, gas and coal.
For the device of the highway (circuit) through which water will circulate, use steel, stainless and polypropylene pipes. The latter became the undisputed leader.
They are cheap, with enviable heat resistance and strength, sufficient for a heating device in a residential building. Buy better reinforced polypropylene pipes, they are durable and have a lower coefficient of linear expansion when heated, which means they do not deform during service.

Radiators of water heating are:

• cast iron,
• steel,
• aluminum,
• bimetallic.

Cast iron - the most deserved type of radiators. They heat up slowly, but keep the heat well. Very heavy, fragile and somewhat more expensive than steel, but the service life is up to 50 years and they are not afraid of rust.
Steel - budget type of radiators. They have high efficiency and low price. Warm up quickly. Minus - they are afraid of corrosion.
Aluminum radiators - lightweight, mounted on less durable brackets, compared to cast iron and steel. They warm up quickly, and in terms of heat transfer they are superior to other heating devices. Cheapness and modern design attract a lot of supporters of this type of radiators. The disadvantages include a short service life (up to 15 years), fear of corrosion and water hammer.

Bimetallic - combine strength steel radiators and heat dissipation of aluminum. They are a tubular structure made of steel, sometimes reinforced with a steel frame, on which an aluminum shell is placed. They warm up quickly, give off heat well, keep water hammer, wealth modern design, ease of installation - this is a list of their advantages. Minus - high price.

Schemes of water heating.

Single loop system. The water heated by the boiler flows sequentially to all radiators, losing temperature in each of them in turn. Lastly, it may not be low enough.

The advantage is the cheapness of the scheme. Only one loop is created, labor and material costs are lower. The disadvantage is the uneven heating, due to the sequential scheme. To some extent, we will eliminate the disadvantage forced circulation using a pump. More on this a little further.

Dual circuit diagram. The heated water flows immediately to all radiators in parallel, the cooled water flows along a different circuit. By installing taps on each of the radiators, we get the opportunity to exclude any element from the system.

The main advantage is the uniform heating of all radiators. The disadvantage is that the creation of a second circuit will cost more.
Collector scheme. In it, each radiator has its own supply and return circuits, which are connected by a collector.

Advantages - aesthetic appearance, the ability to control the temperature in any room using a control cabinet (electronic control is possible).

Scheme of forced circulation. A distinctive feature is the use of a water pump. The pump allows you to create additional pressure in the system, providing a uniform supply to the second and third floors of your home. The system is undemanding to the slope of the pipes.

Heating system installation.

In the process of building a house, it is necessary to provide technological holes for laying heating pipes. The sequence of installation is determined by your desire and construction technology.
Let's start with the boiler.

Attention! Once again, we remind you that only a specialized organization can connect the boiler to the gas network.

As soon as the wall decoration is ready, we install radiators. We set the radiators strictly horizontally, according to the level.

Did you know that the noise of the batteries, which sometimes interferes with sleep, is caused by a misalignment of the radiators? Due to the skew, an air pocket is created that generates this "music".

In an effort to make your home comfortable and independent of various utilities, many start with autonomous heating houses or apartments. In the process of its construction, questions arise that have to be solved in a hurry or even “backdating”.

You can install the heating system of a private house on your own or with the involvement of professionals. In any case, you need to be familiar with the procedure for designing, agreeing on permits and installing the system. Such knowledge will allow you to monitor the quality of work at each stage and eliminate obvious errors.

How to make heating in a private house

To begin with, we briefly list the main stages that will need to be completed on the way to achieving the goal:

1. choice of heating system;
2. selection of the constituent elements of the heating system;
3. calculation of heating of a private house;
4. circuit design individual heating;
5. registration and obtaining permits;
6. heating system installation;
7. test run of the system.

It is important to follow the sequence, because. the phased implementation of the project eliminates errors that are difficult or expensive to fix.

1. The choice of heating - which heating system is best for a private house

The choice of autonomous heating is based on the type of boiler that runs on a certain type of fuel and differs in structural elements. Among the most popular heating systems: gas, electric, liquid and solid fuel heating.

The main criteria for choosing a heating boiler are:

• safety;
• fuel availability;
• compactness, ease of regulation, maintenance and maintainability;
• economical installation and operation;
• the ability to make heating with your own hands.

Heating systems of a private house - types and types

Water heating system

One of the most exploited heating systems in our country is water heating. Piping in a house or apartment is a common occurrence.

The principle of operation of water heating is as follows: the water heated from the boiler naturally (or forced) circulates through the pipes, giving off heat to the room. Considering that in the course of the movement of water at the junctions, at the bend of pipes, etc. friction and local resistance are formed, many systems are equipped with valves to provide a pressure equal to the resistance loss. Such a water heating system is called an artificial water circulation system.

The water heating system can be structurally implemented according to two schemes:

• single circuit(system with closed water circulation, focused only on heating)

• double circuit(a system oriented at the same time for space heating and water heating in the water supply system). Such a system requires the use of a special double-circuit boiler.

The water heating device involves 3 fundamentally different piping schemes in the rooms.

Heating pipe layout

Single pipe home heating system

The scheme of a single-pipe heating system is shown in the photo.

As can be seen from the figure, the pipes are looped, and the radiators are connected in turn. Thus, the coolant leaves the boiler and passes through each of them in turn.
It should be noted that the temperature of the coolant gradually decreases. This is a significant disadvantage of the system. Nevertheless, it is quite common due to its simplicity, economy and the ability to make a one-pipe heating system with your own hands.

How to reduce heat loss with a single-pipe heating system:

• increase the number of sections in the last radiators (the last two or three);

• increase the outlet temperature. This, in turn, increases heating costs;

• provide the coolant with forced circulation. That is, install a pump that will create additional pressure in the system, causing the water to circulate faster.

Two-pipe house heating system

The diagram of a two-pipe heating system is shown in the photo. The exhaust pipe is highlighted in blue, which removes the cooled coolant from the radiator to the boiler.

The two-pipe system provides the supply of coolant to the radiators without heat loss. Its varieties are shown in the photo. At parallel connection material savings are achieved. With radiation, it becomes possible to regulate the temperature in each room separately.

Collector (beam) wiring

It involves the use of a special device - a collector, which collects the coolant and distributes it through pipes to the batteries. The scheme is difficult to implement, so it is rarely used.

The undoubted advantage of the water heating system is its safety.

The disadvantages include:

• it is relatively difficult to heat a large area without significant costs (due to heat loss during water circulation);

• aesthetic setting. An extensive pipe system can be hidden by sacrificing a certain amount of room volume, which is not always convenient, or left in plain sight;

• large radiators;

• the likelihood of air pockets. This problem occurs after the system has been drained of water.

The task of creating home heating with your own hands is difficult, but quite solvable. There can be many reasons why you have to choose such an option for arranging heating, ranging from the high cost of performing work by third-party organizations to the habit of doing everything yourself. But regardless of the motives that made us stop at this option, in order to successfully create heating, you need to know how it works.

About heating the house in general

Water heating of any private house consists of at least the following elements:

• heating boiler;
• expansion tank;
• heating radiators;
• pipelines;
• control valves.

And here the first feature appears - among the equipment it is not mentioned circulation pump. The fact is that for some options for creating home heating, whether it will be done with your own hands or not, a pump is not required. But in this case, there are other requirements that will be touched upon a little later.

Components of water heating

Therefore, when deciding on a future water heating system, it is necessary to start work from the main points - to decide what the heating scheme will be, and to choose the power of the heating boiler.

What boiler should be used?

This is a rather complex task, in the solution of which it is necessary to take into account many different points.

1. Choice of type of fuel. It is necessary to focus on affordable and cheap energy sources, the main gas is considered the best. In its absence, use other types of fuel:

• solid (coal, firewood, peat, pellets, etc.);
• liquid (solar oil);
• electrical or any other energy. Fuel should be chosen the cheapest and most affordable, given that these costs will determine your future home heating costs.

2. How will the boiler be used - only as an element of the heating system or even as a source of hot water. Depending on the purpose, you can choose a double-circuit or single-circuit boiler.

3. What area needs to be heated, creating home heating on their own, and the characteristics of the heated premises. In such a calculation, it is necessary to take into account almost everything:

• geographical location of the house;
• number of floors;
• the material from which the house is made, the thickness of the walls, the use of insulation during its construction, etc .;
• the frequency of operation of the boiler, the possibility of its operation in automatic mode;
• location, dimensions, possibility and necessity of routine maintenance and service;
• the presence or possibility of creating the necessary ventilation to remove combustion products.

The above questions represent only a small part of those that you must answer before you create a home heating system with your own hands.

About choosing a heating scheme

Heating can be carried out according to the most different schemes. At the same time, for each specific case, its own, most suitable option. When choosing it, it is necessary to take into account the features inherent in various systems heating.

1. They come with natural (gravity) and forced circulation. A feature of gravity circulation is the ability to heat the house without the use of additional equipment, such as a circulation pump, and the ability to operate system elements at atmospheric pressure.

This approach makes it possible to reduce costs when creating heating, however, for this it is necessary to fulfill a number of additional requirements:

• the heating boiler must be located below the radiators, and expansion tank higher;
• pipelines must have a slope that creates a gravity flow of the coolant towards the radiators during the movement of hot water, and towards the boiler during the return;
• pipelines must be secured to prevent backflow;
• pipes for supplying hot water should be of a larger cross section than for the return.

The forced circulation heating system is the most versatile, and it does not require so many requirements to be created.

2. Installation of heating can be done in one-pipe and two-pipe way. The features of these heating schemes are shown in the photo

With a single-pipe system, water passes through the radiators one after the other and then returns to the heating boiler, and with a two-pipe system, water enters each radiator separately from the main and then returns there.

It is traditionally believed that the two-pipe heating scheme is the most efficient, but the one-pipe one also has its advantages, among which it must be admitted that this is the simplest and most affordable option creating home heating, and also the cheapest.

As for the shortcomings inherent in the single-pipe scheme, its most popular type, called "Leningrad", thanks to the efforts of numerous heating specialists, has been largely spared from them.

If you look at the home-made heating being created in the house from this point of view - the simplicity and reasonable price of the entire system, then Leningradka can probably be considered one of the most suitable options.

You can learn more about the intricacies and features of this system using the video.

How to connect a heating radiator

An important factor ensuring the normal operation of the heating system are the radiators used. There are many varieties of such products, they are made in different shapes and from different material, achieving maximum heat transfer from them, but other factors play the main role in heating the room:

1. Number of radiator sections. The established practice recommends using one section for heating three sq.m. area, while the temperature of the coolant should be seventy degrees.

However, the number of sections cannot be unlimited, do not forget that each element in the system creates resistance to the passage of water, and if it is too large, then the heating simply will not work.

2. How the radiator is connected to the heating system. The figure below will allow you to evaluate how much the difference in various ways battery connection heating efficiency:

3. Where and how the radiator is installed.

These data should force us to take a closer look at the task of determining the location of the radiator. And if the battery is usually placed under the window opening (in the center), and this is quite correct solution, then here is the installation of any decorative screens or other decor items (curtains, curtains) impairs heat transfer and heating efficiency.

Although the creation of heating a private house must be considered a rather difficult task, nevertheless, it can be solved on its own.

The existing variety of options for the implementation of the heating system allows anyone to choose the best suitable for own forces, skill and means.

Everyone who has dealt with the construction of a private house knows how important it is to correctly design, calculate and install a heating system. With regards to natural circulation - the wrong slope, and it will cease to function at the slightest air. Speaking of forced - you need the correct calculation of the parameters of the circulation pump. Today's article is useful to those who are just planning water heating of a private house with their own hands. We will consider the schemes of systems and the nuances of work in detail, trying not to “pour” in scientific terms, but to explain in an understandable language.

Read in the article:

Water heating of a private house: the pros and cons of the system

Like any type of heating, water has supporters and opponents. But our business is not to take one of the sides, but to carefully deal with all the parameters. We will analyze the advantages of heating a home with water.

Which coolant to use: properties of water and antifreeze

The question of which coolant is better is complicated. On the one hand, water heating in a private house does not require costs. If the house is heated in winter, it is used, then the pipes will last for many years. If there is no air in the system, corrosion will not be able to render the pipes unusable. On the other hand, it takes a long time to warm up, but it also takes longer to cool down. And this is a plus.

Expert opinion

HVAC design engineer (heating, ventilation and air conditioning) LLC "ASP North-West"

“The choice of coolant depends on the degree of insulation of the house. If the thermal insulation is made according to the rules, it is better to use water - it is cheaper. If the home is not properly insulated, you will have to spend money on expensive antifreeze. In this case, when using water, there will be an overrun of fuel or electricity - you need to heat it constantly.”

What are the requirements for autonomous heating

There are few requirements for autonomous water heating systems. We note the availability of the fuel used, the efficiency in operation and the reliability of the system. Compactness is also not in last place. Heating must perform functions with a high percentage of efficiency.

Let's translate into simple language. The fuel used to heat the coolant (water) should be cheaper than other types. It is different for each region. Firewood is more available in one village, coal in another, and natural gas in a third. What are the nuances to consider:

1. Economy in operation. We return to the insulation of the walls of the house: there are no heat leaks - fuel savings are evident.
2. Reliability of the heating system. If the circulation stops, it takes time to start it. The coolant cools down, and heating leads to an overrun of firewood, gas, coal.
3. Compactness. When installing water heating, the "golden mean" is calculated. There is too little coolant - the system will not warm the house. In the opposite case - excessive fuel consumption and slow heating.

The nuances inherent in water heating

Water heating of a dwelling means mandatory installation heater. This may be an electric boiler, or another device using liquid or solid fuel. A circulation pump can be used to move the coolant through the system, but it is not always used.

Good to know! Water heating, unlike electric, maintains heat for some time even when the heater is turned off. When compared with infrared heating, then the liquid heat carrier wins, especially in relation to houses without the necessary thermal insulation.

What is a water heating system

Before you make heating in a private house, you should calculate required amount material. And it is impossible to do this without knowing what elements the system consists of. There are 5 main components:

• boiler;
• pipes;
• radiators;
• circulation pump (not always);
• expansion tank.

Related article:

Advantages and disadvantages, principle of operation, selection criteria, overview the best manufacturers and models, how to make a boiler with your own hands - read in our publication.

The role of the boiler in the heating system of a private house

The boiler is the main node of the system. With its help, the coolant is heated. Boilers are solid fuel (wood, coal, pellets or peat), gas or electric. Are considered more economical than others gas boilers However, even with the current level of gasification, “blue fuel” has not reached every corner of vast Russia.

Important! The boiler, regardless of the type of fuel, requires constant attention and periodic revisions. Only in this case, you can be sure that the heating system will not fail at the wrong time.

Before you install a heating boiler in a private house, you need to calculate the power required to heat the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bresidential premises. For these purposes, we suggest using the handy calculator below.

Calculator for calculating the required boiler power

Pipes - the circulatory system in home heating

Pipes play the role of arteries through which the vital required by the system heating coolant. For installation, seamless, welded pipes with a safety margin of 16 atm are used. Lightweight materials are also used - polypropylene, cross-linked polyethylene. Today, polypropylene products are offered that are not afraid of frost. According to the manufacturer, even when freezing in such water mains, it is impossible to defrost the pipes.

Why are water pumps installed for heating a private house

The circulation pump makes the coolant move through the pipes. When installing the pump, the boiler is even mounted in the basement two-story house the boiler will work as expected - the heated water will still pass through the system. A properly selected circulation pump in terms of power and performance will ensure the stability of the system and an equally comfortable temperature in all rooms. Especially for our readers, we have developed convenient and intuitive calculators.

Calculator for calculating the required pressure of the circulation pump

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The choice of radiators for a private house

Just yesterday in private and apartment buildings established cast iron radiators. About aesthetics in appearance did not have to speak. All that could be done was paint the sections to match the walls. Today the range of radiators on Russian market extensive. Popular among the population are aluminum or. Their heat transfer to high level, and the weight is disproportionately less than that of cast iron. Yes, and the cost is lower. On sale there are both assembled radiators and separate sections that can be assembled independently to any length.

Expansion tank: why is it needed

Water expands when heated. And if done closed system without an outflow of coolant, the pipes will simply break. The same applies to the reverse effect of volume reduction after cooling. IN open systems periodic topping up of water in the expansion tank is required. After all, it evaporates during operation. If it is not topped up in time, when cooling, the volume of the coolant will decrease, air will enter the system. If there is a pump, this is fraught with minor troubles, but if it is not there, the system will “stand up”, the water circulation will stop, which will lead to cooling of the radiators and boiling of the coolant in the heater. Use the calculator below to calculate the minimum required volume of the expansion tank.

Calculator for calculating the minimum volume of the expansion tank

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What is a thermal circuit and how is it mounted

A thermal circuit is a closed line, starting at the supply from the heating boiler and ending at the “return”, passing through the radiators. Depending on the equipment and functionality of the boiler, the power and performance of the pump, there may be 2 or 3 circuits. This depends on the size of the area of ​​​​heated premises.

Do-it-yourself heating installation in a private house is a laborious process that requires accuracy in calculations when planning and strict adherence to the calculated parameters during work. However, even a home master without professional skills can do this. The main thing here is attentiveness and strict adherence to the rules.

Underfloor heating is a great way to heat a room.

Criteria for choosing boilers: what to look for

The main criterion for choosing a heater is the type of fuel on which the boiler will operate. There are several options:

1. Gas equipment– classic or condensing boiler.
2. Electrical– TENOvy or electrode.
3. Solid fuel– Classical (wood, coal, briquettes), pyrolysis, long-burning boiler.
4. Diesel- classic, condensing (as well as gas).

It is necessary to clearly calculate the area of ​​​​heated premises to calculate the required power. With a large amount of space, it is better to choose a boiler with two circuits - this will allow you to evenly distribute the load on the heater and, as a result, get a uniform distribution of heat.

Types of water heating systems and options for their application

When wondering how to do heating in a private house correctly, home craftsmen often consider only systems using radiators. However, it is not enough that such systems can differ in the way of circulation (natural or forced). They can be complemented with schemes that will add comfort to the living space. Consider how you can arrange the heating of a private house.

Water heating system in a private house "Warm floor"

ABOUT " warm floors A lot has been said, but not everyone knows how they work. The layman is more accustomed to hearing the expression "warm floor" in combination with the term "electric". But when building a private house, the installation of this type of heating on water is more acceptable, despite the laboriousness of the process.

Helpful information! Having mounted water system"Warm floor", a comfortable temperature will be achieved without extra costs for electricity. After full warm-up floor covering(with good thermal insulation of the building) there will be practically no heat loss, which will provide good savings.

Skirting water heating: system features

The plinth heating system consists of a distribution manifold, radiators and a set of plastic tubes, one of which is placed inside the other. External (corrugated) plays the role of a cover and serves not only for protection, but also makes it possible to simplify the replacement of the internal in case of damage.

The peculiarity of the plinth heating system is that it does not heat the air inside the room. The principle of operation is based on the properties of the passage of flows close to the surfaces. The heat here "spreads" along the floor and walls, bending around obstacles in the form of cabinets or bedside tables. This method of heating has proven to be effective. And although it is rarely used, the popularity of baseboard water (as well as electric) heating is growing.

Radiators in heating systems: the classic version

Radiator heating is the most popular and familiar to the Russian man in the street. Yes, and the installation of this type is easier than the device "warm floor". However, there are some nuances here as well. It is important to correctly calculate the number of radiators, the location and sections in them so that the heat is distributed evenly.

Radiators are sectional, tubular and lamellar. Heat dissipation various types does not differ, which means you need to choose based on the design of the room and financial capabilities.

The most common type of heating in Russia is radiator

Related article:

It is better to choose among all the variety on the market heating systems? Read all the subtleties of choice and expert advice in our publication!

Heating system of a one-story house with natural circulation

This simple systems heating without a pump. Water moves through pipes according to the laws of physics. When heated, the coolant expands, while its density and specific gravity decreases. Installation of heating with natural circulation is more often performed in private houses on one floor with small areas premises.

Important! Before starting the installation of such a heating system, a clear and detailed plan is drawn up with the calculation and indication of the angles of inclination of the mains in the project. Incorrect calculations will lead to the formation of air pockets. In this case, there will be no circulation of the coolant.

The main advantage of natural circulation is energy independence. In the event of a power outage, the heating will continue to operate. The negative side is the cost of pipes. They should be large diameter. The coolant will not pass through thin lines during natural circulation.

Heating schemes for one-story houses with forced circulation

The advantage of such heating systems (CO) is the installation of pipelines with thin pipes and a reduced amount of coolant. The pump freely moves water, a small amount of which allows it to warm up faster. Hence the conclusion - savings on materials during installation and on fuel, the consumption of which is lower. CO with forced circulation allow you to connect an additional circuit (or several) and the "Warm floor" system, the installation of which is impossible with natural circulation.

There are also disadvantages that you should find out about before heating in a private house. If there is no separate room for the boiler room, the noise of the pump can be annoying. The consumption of electricity for the constant operation of the circulation pump will also be noticeable when receiving invoices. But the main thing is that during power outages, which occur regularly in private sectors, the circulation of the coolant stops. At the same time, the option with a gas or wood-burning boiler becomes the main problem - the water in it will boil.

But in order to thoroughly understand how to properly make heating in a private house, let's look at the installation diagrams.

Do-it-yourself water heating of a private house: diagrams and explanations

The heating system of a private house can be single-pipe or two-pipe. Choosing a heating device scheme country house with your own hands depends on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe premises and experience home master. Let's figure out what each of them is and how complex they are in the device.

Do-it-yourself single-pipe heating system of a private house

The scheme and procedure for installing single-pipe heating is as follows. A heated coolant exits the boiler, which moves, sequentially passing through the radiators of the system, after which it returns to the boiler. Schematically, the movement of the coolant can be seen in the figure below.

One-pipe heating systems in schematic representation:

Such a heating system is simple to implement. Minus - an increase in the number of radiators leads to the fact that the first of them is too hot, and the last, on the contrary, is cold. With such a circulation, the temperature difference in the rooms is sensitive if the heated area is large.

Do-it-yourself two-pipe heating scheme in a private house

If the previous option is not suitable due to the large area of ​​\u200b\u200bheated premises, a two-pipe heating scheme can be used. Here the highway follows a different "route". Both supply and return are laid along the perimeter of the room. Thus, the hot coolant is distributed evenly over all radiators, which eliminates temperature differences. Schematically, the operation of a two-pipe heating system can be seen below.

Schematic representation of mounting two-pipe schemes:

Ask a specialist

“Regardless of the scheme (one-pipe or two-pipe), the circulation pump is installed on the “return” next to the boiler. The coolant at this point is not so hot, which means the equipment will last longer.”

When choosing between a one-pipe and two-pipe system, it is better to opt for the second option. Despite the large expenditure of effort during installation and funds for the purchase of pipes, such a scheme will provide a uniform and comfortable temperature in the dwelling and will allow you to adjust each radiator individually.

Scheme of heating with a heat carrier of a two-story house

For two-storey houses installation of single-pipe circuits is highly undesirable. Despite the complexity of installing a two-pipe system and the consumption of material, these are temporary losses. Having mounted a simple one-pipe system, you will have to suffer for the rest of the time. The run-up of temperatures in the cold on the second floor will be especially noticeable. Here we can draw an analogy with famous expression economist Adam Smith, who said: "I'm not rich enough to buy cheap things." This is to the fact that it will be unprofitable to convert the mounted one-pipe system into a two-pipe system.

For uniform distribution of the coolant over the radiators in two-storey houses a collector is used that distributes one circuit into several.

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The main advantage of private housing construction is that complete independence from public communal goods can be achieved here. At the same time, they should still be, but much better than those that utilities can offer. The most important thing, probably, is that in your home heating season can begin when the homeowner wishes and, accordingly, end when he wants it. It is important, of course, and how it will pass.

The heating system cannot be purchased from a store and installed at home. More precisely, of course, all its components in a store or on the market are just sold, but buying them in one set will not work. In order to make the heating system of a frequent house with your own hands, you first need to know:

1. How will the house be heated?
2. What is the appropriate energy carrier to use in the system.

Designing a heating system is one of the most important in the communications of a private house

After that, it will be necessary to carry out a lot of calculations to determine the number of heating radiators, as well as pipes. All this should correspond to each other in many ways.

In general, first you need to decide which boiler can heat the house.

Types of heating boilers

In a private house, you want it to be warm, but you also want it to be achieved with minimal human participation. Therefore, the heating boiler should be purchased based on what type of fuel is easiest to provide for its smooth operation.

So, boilers can be:

• gas,
• electrical,
• coal,
• combined.

It is important! All modern boilers are more or less economical, operate without much noise, have relatively small size and easy to maintain. But for all of them, even if it is a coal-fired boiler, they need electricity to run.

Gas boiler

How to install a single pipe system

Fewer pipes are needed to install the system in this way. The system can only be with the top wiring. It will fit in small private houses with attics. Heating radiators. Therefore, each next one will be a little colder.

The system must have:

• boiler,
• expansion tank,
• batteries,
• water purification filters,
• possibly a pump.

It is important! It is very difficult to set the temperature in a room with such a heating system. One disconnected battery will bring the entire system to a halt.

air heating

This method of heating the house is now quite popular. air heating assumes the presence in each room of heaters or special ventilation ducts through which hot air will flow. Both the first and the second can be located in the walls or on the ceiling.

There are three types of air heating:

1. Local.
2. Central.
3. Curtains from the air.

Heating local

This method of heating can hardly be called a full-fledged heating, but it also has a place to be of high quality. To do this, you need to install fan heaters in each room or heat guns and enjoy the warmth. Heaters will heat the air, drying it out. Heat will only be in a separate room and provided that the doors are closed.

Thermal Fan- it can be installed in the room, but it can also be built into the wall as part of the central air heating.

Central heating

Systems where hot air is supplied centrally can be with:

• direct-flow recirculation,
• complete,
• partial recycling.

Usually ventilation ducts have over false ceiling, leaving holes in it through which hot air will flow into the rooms.

All this can be done in the walls, if, of course, the space allows to take a certain part of it in order to hide the pipes.

Air curtains

Devices resembling air conditioners are hung over entrance doors or installed next to them. A powerful jet comes out of the veils warm air, which blocks cold air entering the room when the door is opened. In a private house, such a curtain can be installed only at the entrance to it, and then if the doors are constantly opened.

Air heating is more expensive to install than water heating. Any boiler (usually electric or gas) can heat the air.

Advantages air system heating:

1. Warm air is circulated after it has been filtered.
2. In the house constant inflow fresh air, as the system takes it from the street for heating.
3. Possibility of installation in the drip humidifier system.

Flaws:

1. The inability to mount the system in the built house.
2. The cost of installation.