Stair drawing with winder steps is in great demand in homes where comfortable, safe movement between floors is required, but there is no technical possibility of placing a direct structure. Such facilities require special attention at the stage.
Scheme with the names of the elements of the winder stairs
Winder steps are widely used for the following types of stairs:
- Screw. The most compact options for lifting structures. The recommended width of the overall opening is up to 3000 mm.
- L-shaped. Devices with 90˚ rotation. Occupy less space than straight marches or marching with platforms.
- U-shaped. They have a rotation of 180˚, more compact than the previous version.
- Curvilinear. They feature smooth turning lines. Winder steps (treads) are often used with the same parameters, which creates additional comfort when climbing.
The shape of the turning tread for such structures has the shape of a truncated triangle. Due to the compactness of the device is saved.
Scheme of the device for turning the winder ladder Winder steps can be located at the bottom, top, in the middle flight of stairs. For safe movement, the first two options are recommended. They have good visibility of the turning area, which allows you to orient yourself in time and change the position of the foot or step length.
Winder staircases are more difficult to implement than straight structures or with transition platforms. Therefore, drawings with incorrectly executed structures are often found.
And this not only reduces the comfort of movement, but also increases the risk of injury from a fall.
Basic requirements for winder ladders
Comfort and safety are the basic principles that any building construction must meet. The staircase is no exception. A number of the technical requirements presented are also typical for direct mid-flight structures:
Scheme of a wooden staircase with winder steps 
All of the above characteristics and data will ensure the comfort and safety of movement between floors.
Advantages of running structures
The main advantages of winder stairs include:
- Compactness. Often, a direct structure does not allow the area or dimensions of the opening to the second floor to be placed. To with minimal losses to overcome these difficulties, winder steps are mounted in turning marches.
- Aesthetics. adds a special charm to the interior of the house.
- Saving materials. With an increase in the angle of inclination (steepness), the consumption of materials decreases somewhat.
The disadvantages include a decrease in the level of comfort and safety of movement. Running treads differ in size, you will have to adapt. Yes, and disperse on such a march is more difficult than on ordinary stairs.
Classical appearance winder stairs Technical data for drawings
For the competent drawing up of a winding staircase scheme, it is required to take into account all the above standards, the dimensions of the premises and link them on the plan. To do this, proceed to the following steps:
- Determine the location of the structure.
- Appropriate measurements are taken: the width of the opening, the height from the finished floor of the first floor to the surface of the second floor.
- Drawn to scale with detail. If there are openings, windows, ledges, niches in the place where the staircase will be mounted, they are marked on the drawing with reference to the walls and floor.
- Choose the type of construction and building material for it.
- Produce preliminary calculations by the number, height and depth of steps.
Scheme and drawing of winder stairs This data will help you make correct selection design that will ensure compliance with building codes.
Preliminary calculation of data
Knowing the height between the levels and the formula for comfortable movement, you can calculate the length of the flight of stairs, the number of expected steps. For example, the specified height between floors is 2600 mm. We choose the height of the degrees from the recommended range of 120 mm. Let's make all the calculations to build a drawing:
The example shows that it is better to revise the parameters of the steps. This will save a lot of space. For example, with a riser height of 150 mm, the tread depth will be 300 mm, and the length of the stairs will be 5,400. Which will save 3 square meters. m. usable area of the house.
Drawings and methods for calculating winder steps
Taking into account modern realities and obtaining quick results You can use several ways to draw up a design diagram.
Project programs
The best option for design. There are softwares that, based on the drawing, issue a specification for sawn materials. This option is not provided. But having done detail drawing, it will not be difficult to calculate the amount of material. The disadvantage of this method is the time spent on searching and mastering the software product.
Ready solutions
Drawings posted on the Internet allow you to choose suitable option. But they should be checked for consistency. technical requirements to protect yourself from someone's design illiteracy.
Winder ladder drawing To do this, you can use online calculators or master one of the methods for calculating winder steps.
The main difficulty when working with such drawings is to fit into the right space turnkey solution. You may encounter the fact that a window or ledge on the wall will be at the place where the stairs are mounted.
You will either have to adapt the design for, or look for another suitable option.
Online calculators
They will help to make calculations and issue recommendations for correcting the structure if it does not comply with building codes. Based on the received data, a detailed drawing is automatically generated. This is the simplest and affordable way development of drawings for individual sizes. But in the future, you should make a binding to .
Interface online calculator for winder ladder calculation Otherwise, the resulting design may close the window or doorway.
Proportion method
The main difficulty in the independent design of stairs with winders is the calculation of the number and development of the forms of rotary elements. Calculation using proportions. This method is suitable for stairs with a turn of 90˚, 180˚. First you need to draw a top view of the future structure, fitting it into the estimated area. Then perform a series of operations:
This is the easiest and most affordable way to build a drawing. There are three more methods: Danish, sweep and lift lines. The listed technologies are complex and require deeper knowledge of mathematical analysis. These methods require taking into account the horizontal and vertical curvature of the structure.
Example metal frame for winder stairs It should be noted that the drawing by any of the above methods is performed with a certain degree of error. Therefore, even professionals adjust parts at the assembly site. winder ladder– more complex structure, therefore, if there is no confidence in one's abilities, then it is better to entrust the calculation, design, installation to specialized enterprises.
If an L-shaped staircase is installed in the room, then a situation is possible when, in order to reduce the size of the stairwell and save space, it is necessary to abandon the site and instead make winder steps.
A tread staircase is more compact than a landing design. However, winder stairs have a number of disadvantages, the most important of which are radial steps. irregular shape and the resulting features.
In this article, we will tell you how to properly design a staircase with winder steps so that it is convenient and safe to use.
Safety requirements for stairs
To smooth out design flaws, corner stairs must be correctly designed by calculating winder steps, taking into account the following requirements:
- the depth of the steps in the widest part should not exceed 40 cm, and in the narrow one - not less than 10 cm;
- in the middle, all winder steps must be of the same depth, but not less than 20 cm;
- step height can vary from 12 to 22 cm;
- the edge of the tread should not protrude more than 4 cm;
- when designing l-shaped stairs, follow the following formulas (where e is the depth of the step, j is the height of the riser):
- convenience formula: e - j = 12 cm;
- safety formula: e + j = 46 cm.
- step formula: 2 j + e = 62 (60-64) cm;
- if a staircase is built with a 180-degree turn, then the distance between the marches should be at least ¼ of the width of the step, otherwise the depth of the turning step in the narrow part will turn out to be too small (less than 10 cm), which is unacceptable;
- the distance from the flight of stairs to the ceiling must be at least 200 cm;
Calculation of stairs with winder steps
After the main dimensions of the curved staircase are determined based on the video, it is necessary to calculate the configuration and number of winder steps.
U-shaped staircase
First of all, it is necessary to designate the center of the arc coinciding with the inner radius of the stairs, that is, point "A". Then determine the number of turning steps: the more of them, the smaller the angle of rotation for each and the more comfortable it will be to move up the stairs.
Let's assume that the rungs will be steps up to the seventh inclusive. Then a straight line DE is drawn through the beginning of the eighth step. Line AB divides the staircase into left and right parts. In the middle of the march it is necessary to draw a curve ace corresponding to the line of motion. From AB on the line of motion, a section equal to ½ b, Where b- the width of the usual step. We get point 1. Further from it we set aside a segment equal to b and mark point 2. Similarly, at regular intervals, mark the remaining points 3-7.
Further, through point 1 and A, we draw a straight line until it intersects with DE. We also draw a straight line through points 2 and A. On the DE section, we get points 1 and 2. We set aside segments equal to sections 1-2 on the DE line and mark them with numbers 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, respectively. Now connect point 3 on the line of motion ace with point 3 on the line DE, then we connect the corresponding points 4, 5, 6, 7. Thus, the configuration of the steps is determined. A similar calculation is made for the right side of the stairs with turning steps.
As in the case of the U-shaped staircase, point "A" is located and a straight line AC is drawn. There are two options for the location of the steps:
- straight line AC bisects the angular step;
- two steps adjoin the straight line AC with their edges.
In the second case, similarly to the U-shaped staircase, a line of motion is drawn ace. On a curved section, segments with a length of b(width of a straight step). The number of running steps is determined. Suppose these are steps 1, 2, 3 and 4. Then a line EB is drawn through the end of step 4, where "B" is the intersection of lines EB and CA. Further, from the point “A”, segment AD is arbitrarily laid aside, and points 2, 3 and 4 are marked on it so that segment A2 is equal to two parts, segment 23 - three, 34 - four. An arbitrary segment equal to 1 conventional unit (cm, dm) is taken as one part.
Now we connect points 4 and B. From points 2 and 3 to the intersection with AB, we draw straight lines parallel to segment B4. The points obtained in the section AB are connected, respectively, with points 3 and 2 on the line of motion ac. These lines define the winder configuration.
In the case when the straight line AC divides the step in half, the calculation of the winder stairs is carried out in a similar way.
Ladder with a 90 degree turn - how to do it yourself
We will show how to make a winder ladder using the example of a structure with the following parameters:
- the length of the staircase is 2294 mm;
- width - 930 mm;
- ceiling height - 2683 mm.
The corner staircase consists of two marches. There are 8 steps in a long march, and the top one coincides with the platform of the second floor. There are 2 steps in the lower march. And three winder steps, the angle of rotation of which is 30 °. The project of a wooden staircase will look like this:
A wooden staircase with a turn is carried out on two stringers with dimensions of 50x300x3000 mm, one of which is fixed to the wall, and the other to support post with dimensions 100x100x2500 mm. It is also necessary to purchase steps 900x300x40 mm in size, a turntable 900x900x40 mm, from which winder steps will be cut, and balusters.
A wooden staircase with winder steps, having this shape and parameters, is made in several stages.
Manufacturing of stringers
First you need to prepare a template, which is a right triangle, the legs of which are equal to the depth of the tread and the height of the riser. For convenience, the triangle should be fixed on the guide rail, as in the photo. Using this template, we mark the kosour and cut out the excess circular saw. It must be remembered that in the thinnest part, the width of the stringer should not be less than 15 cm.
In the corner we build an impromptu supporting structure, which will burst the wall stringer and serve as the basis for the winder steps.
We fix the upper ends of the stringers with metal corners.
After load-bearing elements will be fixed, it should look like this:
When installing stringers, it is important to monitor the level so that later the steps lie strictly horizontally. The most common mistake of inexperienced craftsmen is that horizontality is taken to be parallel to the floor. But the floor may be uneven, so determine given parameter only needed with a level.
How to make winder steps
Winder steps are cut from a rectangular board 900x900x40 mm. For stairs with a 90 degree turn, three steps will suffice. To make them, we divide the board into three parts with lines coming out of one corner. The cut steps are adjusted in length.
Having decided which varnish to cover the stairs, we apply at least 3 layers on the steps.
Winder stairs installation
To fix the winder steps, grooves are cut out in the column, the height of which is slightly less than the thickness of the board. So we will ensure reliable fixation of steps with inside stairs. And from the outside, we are finalizing the supporting structure so that steps can be placed on it.
From the outside of the flight of stairs, the turning steps are screwed to the supporting frame using self-tapping screws. The inner ends of the steps are inserted into the cuts and glued with PVA glue mixed with sawdust to reinforce the structure.
We cut the end of the bowstring at a right angle relative to the floor so that the entrance pole can be installed.
Handrail installation
Now you need to install balusters. Sometimes they are attached from below through the steps with self-tapping screws, but this method is unreliable. It is better to use dowels - cylindrical wooden rods.
To do this, a hole is drilled in the steps, the diameter of which is slightly smaller than the dowel section, and filled with glue. A similar hole is made in the balusters, and it is very important that it be exactly in the center. If the baluster is rectangular, then the center is defined as the intersection of the diagonals of the rectangle. Try to drill holes as accurately as possible so that they turn out to be strictly vertical, because the position of the balusters will depend on this.
A rope is stretched between the first and last pillar, along which the angle of inclination of the railing is marked on all balusters. Further, according to the applied marks, the tops of the racks are cut off. Thus, we prepare the balusters for the installation of the handrail.
The handrail can be fixed with simple self-tapping screws (solid), and the attachment points can be hidden with putty.
A single-flight staircase with winder steps is ready. Here's what we got.
With this method of manufacture, the load on the lower rotary stage will act along the fibers of the wood, which is undesirable, as this weakens the structure. In this case, it will be necessary to additionally strengthen the step with a support, which we did.
Stairs with a 90 degree turn are called L-shaped. Such stairs are located close to adjacent walls. The site can separate flights of stairs of different lengths. A 90 degree turn is most common in the manufacture of stairs, which become equally good for placement in a country house or in a two-story apartment.
How are L-shaped stairs separated from each other?
Stairs differ in material, turn vector, appearance. The second point is deciphered simply: either the staircase turns to the right or to the left.
Stairs can be made of wood, metal and concrete. There are combined versions of wood with metal.
Features of stairs with a turn of 90 degrees:
Such models do not differ from single-march ones in the presence of a kosour or bowstring, steps and fences, in the form of balusters, railings, handrails.
However, single-flight stairs do not have a platform and winders.
When creating a drawing of a rotary structure, preference is given to either the platform or winder steps. The choice depends on the amount of space available in the room.
The second option is chosen when there is a shortage of space, and usually such steps are made without treads, which gives the stairs airiness.
Construction stages:
How to calculate the height and width of winder steps
When making your own calculations, it is best to rely on reliable data. optimal values. The width of the march is 90 cm, the width of the middle part of the winder step is from 20 cm, the height of the steps is from 10 cm, the angle of inclination of the stairs is no more than 45 degrees, the width of the bottleneck of the winder step is from 10 cm.
Instead of a ladder, a ramp is installed when an angle of inclination of more than 23 degrees is not possible. At an angle of inclination of more than 45 degrees, a folding structure will become an alternative to the stairs, since you will have to go down such a steep staircase backwards.
Parts manufacturing
Installation
Usually, installation starts from the topmost march.
Subsequence:
- First, a kosour is fixed on the wall.
- After the concrete pillars are concreted.
- The outer stringer is fastened to the support post.
- The steps are connected to the stringers with the help of props and mounting brackets.
- After that, winder steps are mounted, which should firmly “sit down” in place.
- After the risers are installed.
- After mounted balusters with railings.
Do-it-yourself calculation of a wooden staircase with a 180 turn through winder steps to the second floor
Stairs with a 180 degree turn are called U-shaped. It is based on a rectangular platform that divides the stairs into two flights. The design takes up more space than a 90 degree turntable.
The main thing that is taken into account when designing stairs with a turn of 180 degrees is that the height of the steps should not be greater than their width. The height from the stairs to the ceiling must be at least 1.9 m.
- First you need to draw a circle, the radius of which is equal to the sum of the width of the stairs and 0.5 of the distance between the flights.
- Marches with a given width and length are drawn on both sides of the circle. A line is drawn through them, along which a person will walk, and straight steps are also marked.
- Next, you need to draw a segment BC, which starts from the highest point of the circle, ending with the lowest. Its markings should pass through the middle of the main winder. It is from her that the other steps will descend.
- The final straight step is marked as segment DE.
3d calculation program, online constructor
There are about a dozen programs that, according to the available data, can carry out calculations of the future stairs. Some of them design 3D models, create a full-fledged graphic image and a general staircase interior. Such programs greatly facilitate life, allowing you to see the future result as realistic as possible.
There are paid programs on disks, such as ArCon Eleco 2010, its license is paid and costs about 40,000 thousand, the use of such a program is advisable for landscape designers and designers. Its capabilities unfold on professional level and allow you to design stairs of various shapes and designs, winter gardens, cottages and landscape.
StairCon is also a paid license program that has become widely used in the creation of stair designs. Among its capabilities are 3D design, counting the quantity and final cost of materials, creating a bill of materials.
There are two free online service designed for the calculation and design of stairs.
"Ladder - online design of stairs" allows you to create a project in four steps. You need to specify the desired shape, dimensions of the stairs and get the output finished project. In addition, there is a company selection function that can turn the staircase sketch into reality.
The "WeBsr Stair Calculation" service allows you to calculate the optimal slope, the size of the opening in the floor, the size of the tread and riser, as well as select the type of stairs and the type of opening.
Do-it-yourself calculation of a wooden staircase with a turn of 90, 180 through winder steps to the second floor, 3d calculation program, online constructor, dimensions of a turntable made of wood, photo
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When calculating and designing stairs in two-story house or a two-level apartment, a frequent problem is the lack of free space for its installation. In such a situation great solution will wooden staircase with running steps. But such a design has its own characteristics in the calculation and installation, and we will talk about this below.
A winder staircase is a flight staircase with a turn of 90 or 180 degrees. Its feature is winder steps, which can significantly save the area occupied by the stairs after installation. Winder steps are installed at the turn of the stairs instead of an intermediate platform.
Staircase with winder steps and turn 90 degrees 
Staircase with winder steps and turn 180 degrees Consider the main advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of stairs of this design include:
- take up little space
- aesthetic appeal
- visually make the room wider
to the cons:
- complexity of calculations
- winder steps are already ordinary, which causes inconvenience
- increased risk of injury
How to calculate a staircase with winder steps
Before proceeding with the design, you must understand that any calculation is a complex procedure that requires certain knowledge and the use of special formulas. Therefore, in order to avoid errors and problems in the future, it is recommended to use special programs, such as AutoCAD, StairDesigner, Compass, or use the services of specialists.
The manufacture of any wooden staircase begins with the calculation of dimensions and its presentation graphically. Before calculating the dimensions, you should remember the recommended dimensions of the elements of the stairs, namely:
- the width of the flight of stairs in a private house should be 600 - 700 mm for one person, but do not forget about the possibility of oncoming traffic, so the optimal width will be 900 mm
- tilt angle. The ideal ratio of the height of the march to its horizontal projection is 1:2 - 1:1.75, in which case the slope of the stairs is about 30º. If there is not enough space, then the maximum allowable slope is 40º, which in the ratio of march to projection is 1: 1.25
- the thickness of the tread usually depends on the width of the march in a ratio of 1:20, for example, for a march 900 mm wide, the thickness of the tread should be about 45 mm
- there are no special requirements for the riser, it can be made of any wood, and the recommended thickness is 15 - 25 mm. Veneered plywood is also often used to make risers.
- stringers should be straight and without knots, the width of the board from which they are made should be 250 - 300 mm, and the thickness 40 - 70 mm
- for convenient descent and ascent, the railing is set at a level of about 900 mm
- the dimensions of the steps must correspond to the formula 2 * h + b = 600 ... 650 mm, where h is the height of the step, and b is its width. Comfortable height the size is considered to be 140 - 180 mm, and the width is 250 - 300 mm
- the number of winder steps is recommended to be three, less often four pieces. It all depends on the specific situation.
Staircase with three winders (marked in green) DIY wooden staircase with winder steps
Start calculation wooden stairsyou need to determine the number of steps, for this you need to take the distance from the floor of the first floor to the floor of the second floor and divide by the approximate height of the step. Consider an example where the height of the stairs is 2700 mm, and the length of the free space allocated for the stairs is 3300 mm.
Dimensions of the future stairs Dividing the distance between the floors of the first and second floors by the average recommended step height of 2700/155, we get the number of steps equal to 17.41 pieces, round up to 17 pieces and subtract one step, since the floor of the second floor is already one of the steps of our future stairs. Thus, we get the number of steps equal to 16. Dividing the height of the stairs by the number of steps, we get the exact size of our step, which is 169 mm.
At the next stage of the calculation, you need to decide how many straight steps there will be before the turn of the stairs and, accordingly, before the winder steps. Suppose there are three straight steps. The next element of the stairs will be a winder turn. First of all, you need to decide on the width of the flight of stairs, since in order to turn the stairs by 90 degrees, it is necessary to allocate space for winders in the form of a square, the sides of which have a length equal to the width of the flight of stairs. Let's take the size of 900mm for the width of the flight of stairs. Now knowing the size of the element with winders and the number of steps after, we can calculate the width of the step. In our case, the number of steps in the upper flight is 10 pieces (the total number of steps is 16, 3 steps before the turn, 3 winder steps)
(3300 - 900) / 10 = 240 mm
Having the width and height of the steps, we can check whether they will be comfortable for walking using the formula 2 h + b = 600…650 mm.
2*169 + 240 = 578
As we can see, 578 mm is much less than the recommended 600 - 650 mm, so in order to increase the width of the tread, we need to reduce the number of steps after the turn. To do this, you can increase the number of steps before the turn or increase the number of winder steps to four. We will increase the number of steps before the turn to four, thereby reducing the number after the turn. Let's carry out once again our calculations with the width of the tread:
(3300 - 900) / 9 = 267 mm
The width has increased. Now let's check the comfort of movement with such dimensions
2*169 + 267 = 605mm
Now, knowing the size and number of steps before and after the turn, we can calculate the angle of inclination of the stairs and check if it falls within the recommended range.
To do this, we need to know the height of the last march and the length of its projection onto the floor. We can get the height by multiplying the number of steps up to it by their height and subtract this value from the total height
2700 — 7*169 = 1517
The length of the projection will be equal to the difference in the length of the niche and the platform for winders
3300 — 900 = 2400
Knowing this data and using the tangent angle formula, we can determine the angle of inclination of the stairs, which is approximately 32º, given result falls within the recommended range.
Approximate appearance of the finished staircase made according to the dimensions taken above It remains only to calculate the size of the wooden winder steps. When assigning the size of the wedge-shaped winder steps, the calculated values are taken in the middle of the march. From practice, I can say that on average there are 3 steps per square, less often 4 steps, it all depends on the specific case. With three steps, the angle of rotation of the winder steps is a multiple of 30 degrees, with 4 steps the algorithm is different. The angle of the first step is 24º, the second 45º, the third 67º and the fourth, respectively, 90º.
Winder Angle Of course, 3 steps are more comfortable than 4, since the average tread with three steps will be 290 - 300 mm, and with four 210 - 220 mm. This can be seen in the figure below.
Step size The last, but optional step is to draw a ladder in real size on the wall in the place where it will be installed. Such actions will help you visualize the design in space and check the correctness of your calculations.
Before you start making a wooden staircase with winder steps with your own hands, you need to decide on the type of wood from which it will be made. The most common species for production are oak, ash, beech, maple and larch. Pine is also very popular, but compared to the listed species, it does not have the same density, but it is much cheaper.
List of tools that you may need to make and install stairs:
- drill
- screwdriver
- jigsaw
- hand saw
- hammer
- plane
- chisel
- roulette
- level
- screws, screws, nails and other fasteners
A ladder with winder steps can be made in two ways: on stringers or bowstrings. The option with bowstrings is more common and easy to install, in the case of stringers, manufacturing and installation is more difficult, but this design looks more elegant and beautiful.
Installation of a wooden staircase occurs in stages:
- installation of a bollard for the winder steps and the first flight
- installation and fastening of the supporting structure of the second flight
- installation steps, should be done from the bottom up
- installation of supports, balusters and pillars
- installation and fastening of railings
Outcome
In this article, we have reviewedhow to make a running ladder and how to calculate it. Making a wooden staircase with winders is a difficult process, but if you have certain skills in working with wood and sufficient knowledge in geometry, then this process is quite doable on your own. Do not forget that with proper care and maintenance, a wooden staircase will serve you for more than one year, so when making calculations, follow the recommendations outlined in this article, this will help make it safe, and walking onstairs all these years will bring you only pleasure.
Specify the required dimensions
X- stair opening width
Y- opening height
Z- ladder width
F- ledge steps
W- step thickness
C- the number of all steps
C1- the number of steps on the lower march
C2- number of turning steps
reference
Calculation of stairs with 90° turning steps.A wooden staircase with turning steps allows you to significantly save space in the house without losing convenience and functionality.
When calculating, pay attention to the optimal number of rotary steps. In my experience, 3 steps are optimal with a staircase width of 80 cm. More - the steps will be too narrow and therefore uncomfortable.
If the opening is located only above the top of the stairs, then the height at the turning point before the overlap is important in order to avoid head injuries. It must be at least 2 meters.
With this design, the width of the stairs plays important role. Since it directly affects the convenience of turning steps. The wider the staircase - the more steps can be used without loss of convenience.
Due to the variety of projects and designs, the railing for stairs in the program is not calculated in any way and is not shown.
Important! Pay attention to the dimensions of the turning steps. To get the dimensions of the step - do not forget to add the size of the protrusion to these dimensions.
The calculation of a stone staircase for is no different from the calculation of a wooden or metal staircase. The main thing is to correctly calculate the dimensions of the steps. Their height must be the same for all its parts.
The calculation of the convenience of the stairs is calculated by a formula based on the length of the step.
Human stride length ranges from 60 to 66 cm, with an average of 63 cm.
A comfortable staircase corresponds to the formula: 2 step heights + step depth = 63 ± 3 cm.
The most comfortable slope of the stairs is from 30° to 40°.
The depth of the steps of the stairs should correspond to shoe size 45 - at least 28-30 cm.
The lack of depth can be compensated by the protrusion of the step.
The height of the step should be up to 20-25 cm.
The program will draw drawings of stairs with turning steps with basic angles and dimensions.
The drawings show the overall dimensions of the stairs, marking the top of the steps on the bowstrings, the corners of the steps and the main dimensions of the steps themselves.
I hope the program will help you design and make a staircase for your summer cottage or home with your own hands.
