Snapdragon growing from seeds, when to plant, planting and care features. Antirrinum terry - planting and care, photo, growing from seeds

Snapdragon is a herbaceous perennial, which belongs to the Podorozhnikov family. The flower is also called antirrinum. Different nations have other names: wolf's mouth, dogs, biting dragon, mouths. Growing these flowers in your own garden is easy. For a long time they will delight with beautiful flowering in flower beds, rock gardens, discounts, near curbs.

The culture distinguishes varieties with inflorescences not only two-lipped, but also open. For example, there are varieties in which the petals do not grow together, forming a visually "lip".

Description and types

Snapdragon is a culture that can be both herbaceous and semi-shrub. There is also an ampelous look.

Botanical description of the plant:

1. 1. Bushes form the shape of pyramids.
2. 2. The stems are straight, strongly branched, have furrows, reach a height of 15 cm to 1 m.
3. 3. The leaves are arranged in turn, and in the lower part - oppositely. They are usually either lanceolate or oblong oval. Painted in all shades of green. The veins on them are red.
4. 4. Flowers are large, fragrant, large. They have an irregular shape, two-lipped. There are both simple and terry - it depends on the variety. They gather in spikelets. Flowers can be yellow, white, red, pink colors. There are not only one-, but also two-, three-color varieties.
5. 5. The fruit looks like a seed box. There are from 5 to 8 thousand seeds per 1 g.
6. 6. Flowering time - from the beginning of summer until frost.

Plants look good in the garden in the flower beds.

Antirriums are classified by height:

Landing at home

The main way to grow snapdragons is from seeds. If sowing is carried out before mid-March, then the first buds will appear by the end of spring or in the first days of summer.

It is best to first grow antirrinum at home using the seedling method. Sow the seeds in the following way:

1. 1. Pick up containers. It can be low, but wide boxes and containers. At the bottom they need to make holes for excess water to escape after watering.
2. 2. Pour small stones, expanded clay on the bottom of the pots. They will perform the function of drainage. The layer should be 2-3 cm thick.
3. 3. Fill the container with the substrate and moisten it. Ready soil can be purchased at a specialized store. For his self cooking you need to mix the compost soil in half with river sand. Another option: take 2 parts of light soddy soil and 1 - non-acidic peat.
4. 4. Mix the seeds with sand, as they are very small - this will make it easier to work with them. Then plant them in the soil. You can do otherwise: put snow on the ground, and then in it upper layer place seeds. The snow cover is rapidly melting and planting material sink to the ground. At the end, it remains only to sprinkle the seeds with a thin layer of the substrate and spray it with water from a spray bottle.
5. 5. Cover the container with foil or glass. Put it on a windowsill or under a lamp for good lighting. It is required for seed germination.

Every day, you need to temporarily remove the shelter for ventilation, spraying the soil if necessary, and eliminating condensation from the film or glass. Then the container is covered again. If the temperature in the room where the seed container is located is about 230 C, then the first shoots will appear in 2 weeks. After another 3 days, the film or glass should be removed, and the seedling pot should be moved to a cooler place.

In the first weeks, the growth of seedlings is very slow. At this time, you need to water them a little. Waterlogging of the soil must not be allowed, otherwise the sprouts will rot due to a disease such as a black leg.

When 4 true leaves appear on the seedlings, they are supposed to dive, that is, plant all the plants in separate small pots (you can also use plastic cups). Up to 3 seedlings are allowed per container. If the pots are on the windowsill, then during the day you can open the window so that the plants begin to get used to the street and harden. But you need to make sure that there is no draft.

When the plants begin to bush, you need to pinch their top. If side shoots grow rapidly upwards, they are also recommended to be subjected to this procedure. While the seedlings will be indoors, it is advisable to feed them using complex mineral fertilizers.

Landing in open ground

Plant snapdragon sprouts in open ground it is necessary in the second half of May or already at the beginning of summer, when it is known for sure that frosts will not return. If, nevertheless, there will be a cold snap at night, then it is not terrible for plants that were previously specially hardened.

Be sure to choose a well-lit place. Partial shade is also allowed. But the territory must be protected from drafts and strong winds, otherwise the branches with inflorescences will bend down to the ground.

Fertile, loose soil is more suitable for snapdragons. You can make a mixture of garden soil, peat, compost and sand. Between undersized crops, you need to leave a distance of 40 cm, plants with an average height - 30 cm, dwarf varieties - 20 cm.

It is necessary to carefully remove the seedlings together with an earthen clod from pots (cups), and then place them in prepared holes with pre-moistened soil. Then it remains only to sprinkle them with earth and water.

Antirrinum can be used for:

1. 1. Making the edges of paths in the garden.
2. 2. Group landings on the lawn. Snapdragon goes well with spray petunias, sage, phlox, poppies, one-year-old chrysanthemums, kosmeya.
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Care rules

Caring for a snapdragon is quite simple. For its development, it is enough to create a minimum of conditions:

1. 1. Watering. It should be moderate and regular. It is best to water the plants early in the morning. It is recommended to use settled or filtered water. If the weather is rainy, then you do not need to irrigate the soil. Watering is very important during the period when buds are forming and opening. But you should not allow stagnant water, because because of this, the plant may begin to rot.
2. 2. Weeding and loosening the soil. This is useful for the root system - this way it receives more useful components, air and water, and weeds do not interfere with the development of flowers. It is recommended to loosen the soil the next day after watering.
3. 3. Tying up. If the antirrinums are high, then they should be tied to a fence or stakes so that they do not bend due to wind or rain.
4. 4. Cropping. All fading inflorescences must be removed so that they do not interfere with other buds to open. If you need to collect seeds, then you need to leave 2-3 boxes at the bottom of the flower for ripening. The rest can be removed.
5. 5. Top dressing. There should be 2 of them during the season. The first is carried out 10 days after plant transplantation. It is necessary to use nitrophoska. The second feeding is carried out when the buds appear. It is best to use special complex mineral fertilizers that are intended for flowering plants.
6. 6. Warming. In autumn and winter, some varieties need to be warmed. To do this, you can use sawdust, dry leaves, spruce branches or special agrofibre.

Snapdragon care also involves prevention various diseases. If create right conditions content, then the flower will not hurt, but if the rules are violated, then the risk increases greatly. Snapdragon can suffer from rust, septoria, rot, fusarium. The diseased plant should be removed, and the adjacent bushes should be treated with fungicides (Fundazol, Fitosporin, Topaz). To combat insect pests, it is recommended to use insecticidal agents ("Aktara", "Aktellik").

Antirrinum or Snapdragon(lat. Antirrhinum) refers to herbaceous plants of the Plantain family. The genus includes more than 50 species of perennial flowers, differing in flowering time, a variety of flower shades and distribution area. In natural conditions, it can be found in warm climates, and is also found in North America. Antirrinum in Greek means "nose-like". Snapdragon is recommended to be grown from seeds on household plots, because with minimal care, you can create incredible compositions in landscape design.

Botanical description

The perennial plant snapdragon in our latitudes is grown as an annual, since many species and varieties are not adapted to our harsh winters and freeze in severe frosts.

Antirrinum stems simple, numerous. Depending on the species, they can reach different sizes in height. Undersized varieties barely reach 20 cm in height, and tall ones can be up to 1 meter.

On pyramidal bushes there are pubescent leaves of a lanceolate, elongated shape. On the leaves, a slight pubescence is clearly visible. blooms beautiful flowers irregular shape. When fully bloomed, the flowers are like an open lion's mouth, hence the name of the plant.

Thanks to breeding work, not only natural varieties with simple flowers are known, but also with double ones. The white, yellow, pink and bicolor flowers of the cultivated snapdragon are collected in racemose inflorescences. Flowers of wild species are purple, blue and yellow.

The birthplace of the plant North America, has been cultivated in Russia for many decades. During this time, numerous varieties have been developed that allow you to create a beautiful bright corner in the garden. A pleasant aroma attracts not only butterflies, but also bees.

Myths about the origin of the flower

Ancient Greek legend says that snapdragons first appeared on the lands of Hellas, near the Peloponnese. Here Hercules performed his first feat. In those days, the Nemean lion raged, which was famous for its invulnerability. In an unequal battle, Hercules defeated the Nemean lion.

In honor of the victory over the evil enemy, the goddess Flora presented Hercules with a flower of unearthly beauty, which she called the snapdragon. Until now, in Greece, there is a custom to give the heroes an antirrinum.

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Here is such a beautiful antirrinum was presented to the brave Hercules in honor of his victory over the raging Nemean lion

It is believed that snapdragon is a medicinal plant. Infusion and decoction, prepared on the basis of dried parts of the plant, help get rid of shortness of breath, furunculosis, hepatic and renal colic. The tincture helps to tone up and give self-confidence. That is why the snapdragon at all times symbolizes arrogance.

Types and varieties of antirrinum: classification

Among the variety of species, giant, tall, medium-sized, undersized and dwarf species of snapdragons are distinguished.

Giant

Snapdragon Rocket (Snapdragon Rocket)

Plants are tall, grow more often in one stem, have a compressed bush shape. Terry blossoms on long peduncles, large flowers. Grown mainly in greenhouse conditions for cutting.

Among the varieties can be called: Start, Frontier, Supreme, Rocket, Forcing.

Tall

tall plant variety

Large and showy annual plants with a bush height of 65-110 cm. Dense and compact bushes consist of few stems arranged in rank. Snapdragon of this species is characterized by dense inflorescences with large flowers. Tall plants look beautiful in the cut.

medium height

By appearance- these are beautifully flowering, pyramidal, compact bushes, characterized by a plant height of 35-50 cm. The stems are strongly branched, look very lush.

However, among the huge variety of varieties you can choose from different periods flowering and with their help create an interesting composition.

Undersized

Undersized varieties

Low bushes of plants barely reach 30 cm in height. On the bushes you can count many shoots. In full dissolution, antirrinums look like a round ball. The inflorescences are loose, small, characterized by early and medium flowering.

Dwarf

Miniature snapdragon variety

Miniature varieties reach 15 cm in height. The species is characterized by strong branching bushes. Upon visual inspection, it may seem as if the stems are spreading somewhere. Small flowers bloom on short peduncles.

Growing from seeds

To speed up the growing process and get earlier flowering, it is necessary to sow seeds for seedlings. To do this, you need to prepare a container for planting, 2 sieves with large and small cells, a spatula.

plant achene

The selected container or container for growing seedlings in height should not be less than 10 cm. At the bottom of the container, holes must be made for a stack of water.

At the bottom of the container, you need to pour a drainage layer, which can be made from expanded clay, vermiculite, perlite or small pebbles. The next step is to prepare the soil.

The choice of soil for planting

Good germination seed observed in loose, light soil, which can be purchased at a specialized store or prepared independently. For this, 1 part of soddy land is taken, mixed with the same amount of sand and peat. After mixing, 0.5 parts of humus and 0.3 parts of wood ash.

Beautiful "slipper" of an annual plant

After one more mixing, the prepared mixture must be sifted through a sieve. First you need to sift through a large sieve. The resulting screenings fill the container over the drainage layer.

Then screening should be carried out using a fine sieve. This part fills the remaining space to the top of the container.

Seed preparation

In the store, the attention of the buyer is presented various varieties snapdragon. From a wide variety, you can choose exactly the variety that will meet the required characteristics: plant height, flowering time, number of double or single flowers, humidity requirements and growing conditions.

If the seeds were collected in your own garden or in a flower bed, you need to dry them, put them in a bag and send them to storage on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator. There the seeds will be stored until spring. Thus, the seeds will undergo natural stratification and will be ready for sowing.

Seeds must be disinfected before sowing. To do this, prepare a solution of potassium permanganate in a light pink color. Seeds must lie in the solution for at least 0.5 hours. After the time has elapsed, you need to remove the seed and dry it on a napkin. Only after all the procedures can you start sowing.

Rules for sowing seeds for seedlings

To evenly distribute the seeds over the surface of the soil, they must be mixed in advance with fine dry sand. Small grooves are made in the prepared container with poured soil, with an interval of 2 cm.

Seeds will be more conveniently distributed over the surface if placed in a paper envelope with a cut off corner. With this method, sand with seeds is evenly poured out of the bag and gently falls into the grooves.

After sowing the seeds, they need to be lightly pressed. so that they get the best contact with the ground. A layer of sand and fertile soil should be poured over the seed layer.

It is necessary to water by spraying from a fine spray bottle.

After all the work has been done, the seed container should be covered with a film and placed in a well-lit place. Good seed germination is observed at a temperature of +18 °C. From time to time, you need to remove the film shelter and ventilate the plantings. Moisten only after drying the topsoil.

How to care for seedlings

When the seedlings hatch from the seeds, it will be possible to remove the glass or film. You need to remove it gradually, daily increasing the ventilation time by 10-15 minutes.

First, the seedlings develop a root system. The first true leaves develop after 3 weeks from the appearance of the first shoots. When 2 pairs of true leaves are well developed on the snapdragon plant, it is recommended to plant the plantings.

Young seedlings ready to pick

Dive into separate peat cups, cassettes or plastic containers. The diameter of the cup should be within 8 cm.

If picking is carried out in large containers, a 5x5 cm pattern should be observed between seedlings. After transplanting, water the soil well and place the pots with plants in a dark place.

Such a pick is called intermediate. It allows you to increase the bushiness of plants. To achieve the appearance of many stems, you need to pinch the top in time.

If the pick was carried out in a common container, then after the spreads grow up, it will be necessary to carry out another transplant. The scheme should already be like this: the distance between the seedlings should not be less than 10 cm.

Plants need to provide enough light, good watering

For successful cultivation seedlings suitable temperature +23 °C. Excessive waterlogging of the soil can lead to diseases, such as blackleg, so watering should be done only after the topsoil has dried.

If a plaque of unknown origin, any rot, is noticeable on the surface of the soil, urgent processing will be required. To prepare the solution, you need to take 1 liter of water and dissolve 10 drops of Fitosporin in it. After processing, crushed charcoal can be scattered on the surface of the soil.

Transplanting seedlings in open ground

Transplantation of snapdragon seedlings for permanent residence is carried out only after the threat of return frosts has passed. For different regions time may vary. Approximate time frame: from mid-May to mid-June.

First prepare the ground

For good growth and the development of antirrinum, loamy soil is suitable with high content sand. In such soil, plants are provided with good air permeability. Sandy soils pass water well, which does not allow the area to swamp. On such soils, plants grow well and do not suffer from diseases of the root system.

In order for flowering to be plentiful and long, you need to add to the soil:

• 1 glass of wood ash per 1 m2
• 3 kg of rotted manure
• 1 kg of peat per 1 m2
• 1 st. l. complex fertilizer for flowers or nitrophoska per 1 meter of plantings

Before planting seedlings, it is necessary to dig up the ground, loosen it. When choosing a place, you need to pay attention to the amount of lighting. Antirrinum will not grow in a dark place. When shading, there will be no flowering or it will be very scarce.

You need to transplant in cloudy weather or late in the evening.

Planting scheme for various varieties of antirrinum:

• low varieties are planted at a distance of 20x20 cm from each other
• between dwarf plants, a distance of 15x15 cm must be observed
• tall ones need to be planted according to the scheme 40x40 cm
• when planting medium varieties between seedlings, you need to leave 30 cm

When planting seedlings, it is better to use the transshipment method so as not to injure the root system. Before transplanting, it is necessary to thoroughly shed the earth in order to maintain the integrity of the earthen coma. It is impossible to deeply bury plants - only to the first (cotyledonous) leaves. After planting, the soil around the plants should be well compacted.

When landing, it is undesirable to mix different varieties, since there is a high probability of cross-pollination and the next year you can get completely different plants.

This method is used by breeders to develop new varieties. It is possible to plant only if it does not matter which seeds will be collected or there is no need to collect them.

Outdoor care

Snapdragon prefers fertile soil, therefore, before planting seedlings in open ground, it is recommended to add peat, sand, and organic fertilizers to the soil. Flowers do not like clay, therefore, by introducing additional substrates, it is necessary to achieve air permeability of the soil.

The site for planting must pass moisture well, otherwise rotting of the root system cannot be avoided.. It is recommended to add humus, leafy soil, black soil to sandy soil. With such soil, everything possible must be done so that the earth retains moisture for at least a short time.

Cache-pot with antirrinum

In addition, designers use snapdragons to decorate rock gardens, discounts, flower beds, mixborders. They can plant rockeries. The most acceptable partners are sage, kosmeya and marine lobularia.

In our climate, a perennial plant is often grown as an annual. If you still take a chance and try to save the planting until the new season, you will need to cut off the entire above-ground part, pour a layer of mulch and cover it with dry foliage or spruce branches.

Snapdragon (lat. Antirrhinum) or antirrinum, is a genus of herbaceous plants of the Plantain family, covering about 50 species of perennials, including climbing ones. The plant is a shrub or herbaceous plants with straight, branched green thinly furrowed stems from 15 cm to one meter in height, forming pyramidal bushes.

The upper leaves of the snapdragon are alternate, the lower ones are opposite, they are elongated-oval or lanceolate in shape, the color is from light green to dark green with red veins. The flowers are fragrant, rather large, irregular, two-lipped, depending on the variety, simple or double, collected in spike-shaped inflorescences, they are painted in white, yellow, pink, pale fawn, all shades of red, but there are also two-color and even three-color varieties. The fruit is a two-celled multi-seeded capsule. Snapdragon bloom usually begins in June and ends with the first frost.

Most often, perennial snapdragons in nature are grown in horticulture as annual plant, but at good care And favorable conditions cold-resistant snapdragons can successfully winter in the garden and bloom more beautifully the next year. IN garden design antirrinum is grown as a border plant, although snapdragon looks great both in a flower bed and planted in groups against a green lawn. Often snapdragons are used to decorate balconies and terraces. Of particular interest to flower growers today are ampelous forms of snapdragons, which can be grown in suspended structures for decorating terraces and galleries.

Snapdragon growing from seeds

The snapdragon reproduces in generative and vegetative ways. Snapdragon seeds retain the ability to germinate for several years. If you live in a warm climate, you can grow snapdragons from seeds by sowing them directly into the ground, and they will sprout in two and a half or three weeks, surviving even a slight night cold snap, which is common in spring, but in areas where it is warm without problems comes gradually, it is better to use the seedling method of growing snapdragons.

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Snapdragon or antirrinum belongs to herbaceous or semi-shrub plants of the Plantain family (formerly belonged to the Norichnikov family). Flowers snapdragons amaze the imagination with their beauty and variety of colors. Serves as an irreplaceable decoration balconies , loggias And garden plots. They delight with their flowering all summer and until mid-autumn.

Strongly branched or single-stemmed plants with dense foliage can reach a height of 20-80 cm. Their taproot, branched roots penetrate deep into the soil. Snapdragon is a perennial. Blooms until late autumn. In warmer regions it is adapted to overwintering in open ground. In spring, the plant produces young sprouts and blooms until frost.

These flowers can also be grown as annuals. Snapdragon in this case is pulled out of the soil in late autumn, and its seeds are stored until spring sowing. About 50 species of this plant are cultivated.

Species and varieties

The very first in the 19th century, German scientists were engaged in the selection of snapdragons or antirrinum. To date, a huge number of varieties have already been bred, classified mainly by plant height:

• 80 cm - high (cut);
• 40-60 cm - semi-high (universal);
• 25-40 cm - low;
• 15-20 cm - dwarf.

Tall or cut flowers are mainly used to create bouquets that can last up to 10 days in water. This group includes the following types:

• "Alaska"- has greenish-white flowers

• "Anna German"- with light pink shades of inflorescences

• "Canary"- has bright yellow flowers

• "Rocket Orchid" And "Rocket Lemon"- flowers of lilac and pale lemon shades

• "Arthur"- large cherry blossoms

• "Goshenka"- orange

• "Swallowtail"- flowers of two colors: raspberry and yellow

The main shoots of semi-high varieties of antirrinums rise above the shoots of the second order. These types include:

• Golden Monarch
• White Monarch
• Scarie Monarch
• Ruby
• Lipstick Silver
• Tequila Sunrise

Low, as well as dwarf varieties are represented by the following species:

• Floral Showers
• Tip Top
• Magic Carpet
• Tom Thumb
• Kimozi
• Chimes
• hobbit and many others

In dwarf varieties, dense and short inflorescences have a flattened shape. Dwarf snapdragons bloom more profusely than undersized varieties.

A species called "Ruby Star" has appeared recently. It has cherry blossoms. Snapdragon ampelous, called "Lampion", bred for. It is great for hanging baskets.

reproduction

The plant is propagated by seeds or cuttings. The second option is used quite rarely, only for breeding some terry forms. Therefore, growing snapdragons from seeds is the most popular, easy and affordable way.

In a warm climate, snapdragon sowing can be done in open ground in early spring. Seeds are sown in well-moistened soil, sprinkled with a thin layer of earth and covered with a film. To ventilate the seedlings, the film must be removed daily for a while. Snapdragon seeds can not be poured, excess moisture is detrimental to them.

In more severe climatic conditions, snapdragon seedlings are grown at home or in greenhouses. At home, flower containers are used for this, in which seeds are sown in early spring. They germinate in 3-4 weeks temperature regime 22-25°C.

For the substrate, a mixture of peat, garden soil and humus is used. All components are taken in equal quantities. Seeds spill well and cover with a film or glass jar. When the first shoots appear, the coating is removed. Planting snapdragons in the ground is carried out in the middle of May. For better adaptation, seedling boxes should be left outdoors for a few days before planting.

Snapdragon. Landing and care

Although this plant is unpretentious, it grows better and develops well in places well lit by the sun and in fertilized soils. The soil is prepared a week before planting snapdragons in the ground. For this, for each square meter the site selected for planting the plant must be made:

• 200 grams of wood ash;
• 3 kg of humus or compost;
• one tablespoon of nitrophoska.

The soil with additives is dug up and levelled. Snapdragon seedlings are best planted on a cloudy day. Young shoots planted in sunny weather do not take root well. The distance between seedlings is 25-30 cm. The soil must be loosened during the entire summer period and weeds must be removed from it.

Watering and feeding

It will take about two weeks for the seedlings to take root. After that, the first feeding of the plant is carried out. organic fertilizer. This may be nitrophoska or other fertilizer, which contains the trace element boron.

Snapdragon flowers need constant watering, but excess moisture can kill the plant. Therefore, it is better to water the antirrinum as the soil dries. And to maintain the required level of moisture, you can mulch the soil with freshly cut grass or humus.