Scheme of a rocket stove for the house. Rocket stove: do-it-yourself rocket, drawings and videos, long-burning jet stove, for heating. Video: how to make a long-burning jet furnace with your own hands

A do-it-yourself rocket stove, drawings of which most home craftsmen would probably like to have in their archive, can be made, in principle, even within one day, since its design is quite simple. If you have skills in working with tools, reading drawings, stocked necessary materials, then making a simple stove of this type will not be difficult. It should be noted that it can be made from the most different materials, which are at hand, but a lot will depend on where the oven is planned to be installed. The rocket stove has a slightly different principle of operation from other heating devices, and can be either stationary or portable.

Stationary rocket stoves are installed inside the house along the walls or on the area reserved for cooking in the courtyard of the house. If the stove is installed indoors, then it is able to heat a room up to 50 square meters. m.

Portable versions of the rocket stove are usually very small and can easily fit in the trunk of a car. Therefore, when traveling, for example, to a picnic or to a dacha, such a stove will help to boil water and cook dinner. Moreover, the fuel consumption in the rocket stove is quite small, even dry branches, splinter or grass tufts can be used as it.

The principle of operation of the rocket-type stove

Despite the simplicity of the rocket stove, its design uses two principles of operation that the developers borrowed from other types of solid fuel stoves. So for her effective work the following principles are taken:

The principle of free circulation of gases released from the fuel through the created furnace channels, without the forced creation of a chimney draft.
The principle of post-combustion of pyrolysis gases released during the combustion of fuel in the mode of insufficient oxygen supply.

In the simplest designs of rocket ovens, which are used only for cooking, only the first principle of operation can operate, since it is rather difficult to create the necessary conditions for pyrolysis and the organization of gas afterburning in them.

To understand the constructions and understand how they work, you need to consider some of them in turn.

The simplest design of a rocket stove

To begin with, it is worth considering the simplest device of a direct combustion rocket furnace. As a rule, such devices are used only for heating water or for cooking, and only in the open air. As can be seen from the figure below, these are two pipe sections connected by a right angle bend.

The furnace for such a design of the furnace is the horizontal part of the pipe, and fuel is laid into it. Often, the firebox has a vertical load - in this case, three elements are used to make a simple stove - these are two pipes of different heights, installed vertically and connected from below by a common horizontal channel. The lower pipe will serve as the firebox. For the manufacture of a stationary version of the simplest design scheme, a brick is often used, installed on a heat-resistant mortar.

To achieve higher efficiency, the furnace was improved, and additional elements appeared, for example, the pipe began to be installed in a housing that enhances the heating of the structure.

1 - outer metal body of the furnace.

2 - pipe - combustion chamber.

3 - a channel formed by a jumper under the fuel chamber and designed for free passage of air into the combustion area.

4 - the space between the pipe (riser) and the body, densely filled with a heat-insulating composition, for example, ash.

The heating of the furnace is as follows. A light combustible material, such as paper, is first placed in the firebox, and when it flares up, wood chips or other main fuel are thrown into the fire. As a result of the process of intense combustion, hot gases are formed that rise along the vertical channel of the pipe and go outside. On the open section of the pipe and install a container for boiling water or cooking.

An important condition for the intensity of fuel combustion is the creation of a gap between the pipe and the installed container. If its hole is completely blocked, then the combustion inside the structure will stop, since there will be no draft, which provides air supply to the combustion area and raises the heated gases up. To avoid problems with this, a removable or stationary stand for the container is installed on the upper edge of the pipe.

This diagram shows a simple design, on the loading opening of which a door is installed. And to create thrust, a special channel is provided, which forms the lower wall of the combustion chamber and a plate welded at a distance of 7-10 mm from it. Even when the firebox door is completely closed, the air supply will not stop. In this scheme, the second principle is already starting to work - without active oxygen access to burning wood, the pyrolysis process can begin, and the continuous supply of "secondary" air will contribute to the afterburning of the released gases. But for a fully-fledged process, one more thing is still missing. important condition- high-quality thermal insulation of the secondary afterburner chamber, since certain temperature conditions are necessary for the combustion process of gases.

1 - air channel in the combustion chamber, through which blowing is carried out with the furnace door closed;

2- zone of the most active heat exchange;

3 - ascending flow of hot gases.

Video: a variant of the simplest rakten furnace from an old cylinder

Improved Rocket Furnace Design

The design, intended both for cooking and for heating the room, is equipped not only with a furnace door and a second body, which serves as a good external heat exchanger, but also with an upper hob. Such a rocket stove can already be installed inside the premises of the house, and the chimney from it is brought out into the street. After carrying out such a modernization of the furnace, its efficiency increases significantly, since the device acquires many useful properties:

Due to the second outer casing and insulating heat-resistant materials that thermally insulate the main furnace pipe (riser), hermetic closure of the upper part of the structure, the heated air retains a high temperature for much longer.

In the lower part of the body, a channel for supplying secondary air began to be mounted, successfully carrying out the necessary blowing, for which an open firebox was used in the simplest design.
The smoke pipe in a closed design is not located at the top, as in a simple rocket furnace, but at the lower rear of the case. Due to this, the heated air does not go directly into the chimney, but gets the opportunity to circulate through the internal channels of the appliance, heating, first of all, the hob, and then diverging inside the body, providing its heating. In turn, the outer casing gives off heat to the surrounding air.

This diagram clearly shows the whole process of the furnace operation: in the fuel hopper (pos. 1) there is a preliminary combustion of fuel (pos. 2) in the mode of insufficient air supply "A" - this is regulated by a damper (pos. 3). The resulting hot pyrolysis gases enter the end of the horizontal fire channel (pos. 5), where they are afterburned. This process takes place due to good thermal insulation and the continuous supply of "secondary" air "B" through a specially provided channel (pos.4).

Further, hot air rushes into the inner pipe of the structure, called the riser (pos. 7), rises through it under the "ceiling" of the body, which is the hob (pos. 10), providing its high-temperature heating. Then the gas flow passes through the space between the riser and the outer shell-drum (pos. 6), providing heating of the shell for further heat exchange with the air in the room. Then the gases go down and only after that they go into the chimney (pos. 11).

In order to achieve maximum heat transfer from the fuel and provide the necessary conditions for the complete combustion of pyrolysis gases, it is important to maintain the highest and most stable temperature in the riser channel (pos. 7) For this, the riser pipe is enclosed in another pipe larger diameter- a shell (pos. 8), and the space between them is tightly clogged with heat-resistant mineral composition(pos. 9), which will serve as thermal insulation (a kind of lining). For these purposes, for example, a mixture of kiln masonry clay with fireclay sand (in a ratio of 1: 1) can be used. Some craftsmen prefer to simply fill this space very tightly with sifted sand.

Increasing the efficiency of heat extraction in rocket stoves

To increase the efficiency of the rocket stove, other designs with more efficient heat extraction were developed, both for using the device in outdoor conditions and for indoor use - for space heating or water heating.

Stove stove

For cooking or preparing food for the winter, stoves are made that are arranged according to the principle described above, but have an expanded hob that allows you to install several containers at once.

In this model of a rocket stove, a vertical pipe with a top-loading firebox built into it with a door is located under the hob. Therefore, hot air heats it directly, and in order for the entire panel to be hot, the heated gases, gathering under the panel, are directed to a horizontal channel passing under its entire surface and connected to a vertical section of the chimney.

Additionally, the design is equipped with legs, which gives it stability and reliability. It should be noted that when such a stove is not used for its intended purpose, it can be used as a regular garden table.

In addition to this outdoor model, several types of structures have been developed for indoor use, allowing you to effectively heat rooms or heat water.

Rocket oven with water circuit

The rocket furnace with a water circuit consists of the following elements:

The furnace is installed on a solid concrete base, in order to avoid distortions and deformation of structures.
The lower part of the structure, which includes the furnace compartment (pos. 2) and the fire channel, is laid out from fireclay bricks (pos. 1). The furnace has a vertical loading. At the bottom there is an ash pan (pos. 3) with a side door for regular cleaning of the furnace from accumulated ash.

The vertical channel (riser) (pos. 4) is made of a steel pipe, which is put on a thick layer of thermal insulation (pos. 5) and an outer metal case.
A heat exchanger assembly with a water jacket in the walls (pos. 6) and horizontal plates creating a kind of labyrinth (pos. 7) is hermetically fixed on top of the outer casing to ensure maximum heat exchange area and time.

Attempts are being made to install a water register in this place. However, as practice shows, this approach is impractical - the temperatures here due to the afterburning of pyrolysis gases are very high, and the pipe register has every chance of quickly burning out.

Hot air, passing through the heat exchanger, bending around the metal plates, heats the entire massive block, and the metal gives off heat to the water circulating through the water jacket.
Further, the cooled gas flow goes into the chimney (pos. 8).
Water circulation occurs through a heat accumulator (pos. 9), which may well be made from an old boiler or other closed container with valves for connecting cold and hot water. The option of connecting a heating radiator is not excluded, although, in truth, such a furnace is unlikely to justify itself in such a role.
Hot water from the heat storage tank through a pipe connected to it (pos. 10) can be directed to the points of water intake for domestic needs.

Such a rocket stove is perfect for installation in a country house or in a private house, where it is possible to connect such a heat storage tank to an autonomous water supply system. The stove will help to significantly reduce the cost of heating water and heating, since this model does not require a large amount of solid fuel or connecting it to some additional energy sources.

Rocket stove with bench

Another way to effectively use a rocket stove is to equip a fairly massive structure with a heated bench. It should be noted that such a bed can take the form of a bed or a sofa, successfully replacing these pieces of furniture, since by laying a mattress on its surface, you can comfortably settle down for a day or night rest. The bed can be made of brickwork or stones and clay mass.

The design of this version of the rocket furnace consists of the following components and elements:

A lid-closed furnace with vertical fuel loading with a secondary air intake chamber located in its lower part.
The furnace passes into a horizontally located fire channel, at the end of which pyrolysis gas is burned.
The hot gas flow rises along the vertical channel (riser) to the hermetically sealed "ceiling" of the housing, where it gives off part of the thermal energy to the horizontal stove - the hob. Then, under the pressure of the hotter gases following it, it diverges into the heat exchange channels, giving off heat to the surfaces of the drum, and goes down.
In the lower part of the furnace there is an entrance to the horizontal pipe channels that run under the entire surface of the bed. Moreover, one, two or more turns of a corrugated pipe can be laid in this space, in the form of a coil, through which hot air circulates, heating the bed. This heat exchange pipeline is connected at the end to a chimney pipe led out through the wall of the house.

It should be noted that in the case of making a bed made of brick, the channels can also be laid out of this material, without the use of metal corrugated tubes.
The heated stove and stove bench, giving off heat to the room, in themselves will serve as a kind of “battery”, capable of heating an area of up to 50 m².

The metal drum of the furnace can be made of a barrel, a gas cylinder or other durable containers, and also made of bricks. Usually the material is chosen by the craftsmen themselves as far as financial possibilities and convenience of work.

A rocket stove with a brick bed looks neater and is somewhat easier to install than a clay version, but the material costs will be about the same.

Video: another original solution to increase the heating efficiency of a rocket furnace

We fold a rocket stove with a stove bench out of brick

What is needed for work?

The brick heating structure proposed for execution is designed on the principle of a rocket stove. Construction size at standard parameters brick (250 × 120 × 65 mm) will be 2540 × 1030 × 1620 mm.

It should be noted that the structure is, as it were, divided into three parts:

The furnace itself - its size is 505 × 1620 × 580 mm;
Furnace compartment - 390 × 250 × 400 mm;
Bed 1905 × 755 × 620 mm + 120 mm headrest.

For laying the oven you will need the following materials:

Red brick - 435 pcs.;
Blower door 140 × 140 mm - 1 pc.;
Cleaning door 140x140 mm - 1 pc.;
Furnace door desirable (250 × 120 mm - 1 pc.), otherwise there is a risk of smoke in the room.
Cooking stove 505 × 580 mm - 1 pc.;
Rear metal panel-shelf 370 × 365 mm - 1 pc.;
Asbestos sheet 2.5 × 3 mm thick to create a gasket between metal elements and bricks.
Chimney pipe, 150 mm in diameter, with a 90 ? outlet.
clay and sand for mortar or a ready-made heat-resistant mixture. It should be noted here that for 100 bricks laid flat, with a joint width of 5 mm, 20 liters of mortar will be required.

The design of this top-loading rocket furnace is quite simple, trouble-free and efficient in operation, but only if its laying is done with high quality, in full accordance with the order.

In the absence of experience in the work of a bricklayer and stove-setter, but a great desire to independently install such a heating device, it is worth making sure, and for starters, lay down the structure “dry”, without mortar. This process will help you figure out the location of the brick in each of the rows.

In addition, in order for the seams to be of the same width, it is recommended to prepare sizing wooden or plastic slats for masonry, which will be laid on the previous row before laying the next one. After setting the solution, it will be easy to remove them.

Under the laying of such a furnace, it is necessary to have a flat and solid foundation. Despite the fact that the design is quite compact, and its weight is not as large as, for example, that of a Russian stove, a floor made of thin boards is not suitable for its installation. In the event that the floor, although wooden, is very durable, before starting laying under the future furnace, it is necessary to lay and fix heat-resistant material, for example, asbestos 5 mm thick.

Ordering a brick rocket stove with a stove bench:

Illustration	Brief description of the operation to be performed
	The first row is laid out solid, and the brick must lie in strict accordance with the pattern shown in the diagram - this will give strength to the entire base. For masonry, 62 red bricks are required. The diagram clearly shows the connection of all three sections of the furnace. The corners on the side bricks of the facade of the firebox are cut off or rounded - so the design will look neat.
	Second row. At this stage of the work, internal chimney channels are laid, through which the gases heated in the furnace will pass, giving off heat to the stove bench bricks. The channels are connected to the combustion chamber, which also begins to form in this row. The first brick of the wall separating the two channels under the stove bench is cut obliquely - this “nook” will collect unburned combustion products, and the cleaning door installed opposite the bevel will allow it to be easily cleaned. For laying a row, 44 bricks are required.
	On the second row, the doors of the blower and cleaning chambers are mounted, which are necessary for periodically putting the ash chamber and internal horizontal channels in order. The doors are fixed with wire, which is twisted on the ears of the cast-iron elements, and then laid in the seams of the masonry.
	Third row. It almost completely repeats the configuration of the second row, but, of course, taking into account the laying in the dressing, and therefore it will also require 44 bricks.
	Fourth row. At this stage, the channels passing inside the couch are blocked with a continuous layer of bricks. The opening of the firebox is left, and a channel is formed that will heat hob and discharge combustion products into the chimney. In addition, a rotary horizontal channel is blocked from above, which discharges heated air under the stove bench. For laying a row, you need to prepare 59 bricks.
	Fifth row. The next step is to cover the couch with a second cross layer of bricks. The chimney ducts and the furnace also continue to be removed. For a row, 60 bricks are being prepared.
	Sixth row. The first row of the headrest of the couch is laid out, and the part of the stove begins to rise, on which the hob will be installed. It still has chimneys. For a row you need 17 bricks.
	Seventh row. The laying of the headrest is being completed, for which bricks cut obliquely are used. The second row of the base under the hob rises. For masonry, 18 bricks are required.
	Eighth row. The construction of the furnace with three channels is being laid. It will take 14 bricks.
	The ninth and tenth rows are similar to the previous, eighth, laid out in the same way, alternately, in dressing. 14 bricks are used for each row.
	11th row. Continuation of masonry according to the scheme. This row will take 13 bricks.
	12th row. At this stage, a hole is formed for installing the chimney pipe. The hole brought under the stove is supplied with a brick cut obliquely for a smoother flow of heated air into the adjacent channel leading to the lower horizontal channels located in the bench. 11 bricks were used per row.
	13th row. A base is formed for the slab, and the central and side channels are combined. It is through it that hot air will flow under the stove, and then flow into a vertical channel leading under the stove bench. 10 bricks are laid.
	13th row. On the same row, the basis for laying the hob is being prepared. To do this, along the perimeter of the space in which two vertical channels were combined, heat-resistant material - asbestos - is laid.
	13th row. Then, a solid metal plate is laid on the asbestos gasket. In this case, it is not recommended to install a hob with opening burners, since when they are opened, smoke can enter the room.
	14th row. The arranged hole for the chimney pipe is blocked and the wall separating the hob from the stove bench area is raised. Only 5 bricks are used for a row.
	15th row. This row that raises the wall will also require 5 bricks.
	15th row. On the same row, in continuation of the back wall, next to the hob is fixed metal shelf which can be used as a cutting board. It is attached to brackets.
	15th row. The picture-scheme is well modeled how the hob can be used. In this case, the pan is placed exactly on that part of the stove that will warm up first of all, since a hot air stream will pass under it.
	After completion of all the work described in the order, a chimney pipe is built into the hole, from the back of the furnace, which leads out into the street.
	From the back, the design also looks quite neat, so it can be installed both near the wall and in the middle of the room. Such a stove is perfect for heating in a country house. If the stove and chimney are decorated finishing materials, then the building can become an original addition, and very functional, for any private house. As you can see, the corner formed under the cutting shelf is very convenient for drying and storing firewood.
	To fully consider the design, you need to see its projection from the end side.
	And the last figure shows well what should happen as a result of the work done, if you look at the stove from the side of the bench.

In conclusion, I would like to emphasize that the design of the rocket furnace can be called one of the simplest and most accessible for self-manufacturing compared to other heaters. Therefore, if such a goal is set - to acquire a stove in the house, but experience in such work is clearly not enough, then it is best to choose this particular option, since when building it, it is difficult to make a mistake in the configuration of its internal channels.

Among the diversity wood stoves special attention deserves such a heating device as a homemade rocket stove. She's different original design, which does not require expensive materials and components in the manufacture. Any person can make such a stove, at least a little bit versed in the drawings and able to work with his hands. Our article should come to the aid of such home craftsmen, where we will talk about the design and principle of operation of the rocket stove. Here, recommendations will be given on its manufacture from various materials.

The principle of operation of the rocket furnace

Although the rocket stove device is quite simple, it successfully uses two whole principles of operation borrowed from other types of solid fuel heaters:

the principle of afterburning wood gases released during combustion (pyrolysis);
the principle of free flow of gases through the channels (without prompting from the natural draft of the chimney).

Note. In protozoa rocket stoves for cooking, including the portable type, only the second principle applies, since favorable conditions are not created for the pyrolysis process to proceed in them.

First, we will analyze the design of direct-burning rocket stoves, designed only for cooking food. Here, a short horizontal section of the pipe serves as a firebox, which then turns upward. The design is simple to disgrace, as shown in the figure:

Fuel is put into the pipe and ignited, resulting in an upward flow of hot gases, which tends to rise along the vertical section and go outside. Here, at the cut of the pipe, a container for food or water is installed. Of course, a gap is provided between the pan and the pipe for the exit of combustion products. This is achieved through various metal supports.

For reference. The above rocket furnace device is one of the first. It is because of the nozzle turned up with a flame escaping from it that the device was called a rocket.

Since it is impossible to heat the premises with such a unit, the design of the heating rocket furnace was supplemented with a heat exchanger and channels for removing flue gases. To keep a high temperature on the vertical section of the pipe, it is insulated with any refractory material. Further, for intensive heat extraction, the nozzle is covered from above with a cap, for example, an ordinary metal barrel. A separate channel for supplying secondary air is made in the lower part of the horizontal fire tube.

Now the principle of operation of the rocket furnace looks a little different. Firstly, at the end of the horizontal fire channel, pyrolysis gases are afterburned due to the inflow of secondary air. Secondly, the products of combustion, which have a high temperature, accumulate under the top of the cap (barrel), creating some excess pressure. As heat is transferred to the outside through the metal walls, these gases cool down and rush down.

Since the cooling gases are supported from below by a new hot stream, they cannot descend in the same way, but pass through the space between the walls of the pipe and the barrel, safely exiting into the chimney channel. The flow of processes is well reflected in the scheme of the rocket furnace:

So, thanks to pyrolysis, the efficiency of wood combustion increases, and the use of free gas flow creates a self-regulating system that limits the flow of fresh air into the firebox. The air mixture is supplied as the combustion products under the hood cool down, making room for its new portion. The excess pressure of hot gases "pushes" the cooled part out, so the operation of the furnace depends little on the presence of draft in the chimney.

Efficient heat extraction

The gases entering the chimney are still at a high temperature. Just throwing them out is impractical, everyone will understand that the efficiency of such an installation will be too low. Taking advantage of the fact that the rocket stove literally pushes the products of combustion out, the craftsmen came up with 2 ways to extract heat:

passing gases through the channels arranged under the bench;
installing a water circuit on the furnace.

A rocket furnace with a water circuit is made without a hood, the force of the upward flow of combustion products is used in a multi-pass heat exchanger made of metal. It is not recommended to introduce a coil with water into the gas flow, it will not last long due to too high a temperature. It would be more correct to make a water jacket with metal fins inside the flue, as shown in the diagram:

Another way is to lay horizontal chimney channels out of bricks directly on the floor surface and arrange a chic heated adobe bed on top by connecting a stove to it missile type. Here, the correct selection of the length of the channels is important in order to overpressure enough to overcome them, otherwise you still have to take care of the organization of natural traction.

Advantages and disadvantages

Homemade rocket stoves long burning have many admirers, and here are the reasons why:

simplicity and low cost of installation: in order to build such a thermal device, you do not need to incur high costs for the purchase of expensive materials, fixtures and fittings. Experience in the furnace business is also required minimal;
self-regulation and undemanding to the natural draft of the chimney;
The efficiency of the furnace - rocket is a variable value and largely depends on the design, the main thing is to select as much as possible thermal energy at flue gases;
fuel can be added "on the go".

Despite the attractiveness and simplicity of the unit, heating with a rocket stove has its negative points. It is a mistake to think that you can shove firewood of any quality into the firebox. Wet wood will not give the required temperature in the chamber, the pyrolysis process will not proceed. In the worst case, the smoke from the stove can pour into the room. Also, the “rocket” needs constant supervision, especially in terms of fire safety.

Do-it-yourself rocket stoves are of little use for a bath, because they give off relatively little heat in the infrared range, which is very important for a steam room. The surfaces of the stove that radiate heat are too small and it will not be possible to heat the bath properly.

For reference. A factory-made Robinson metal rocket furnace is often used as a portable heat source. The craftsmen were not at a loss here either and quickly modernized this product, having done the same, only with a grate.

balloon stove

This is one of the most simple options, you can use the drawing below to implement it. A propane tank with a diameter of 300 mm will serve as an excellent cap, and the role of a firebox and a hopper will play a role steel pipe size 150 mm. The internal vertical channel is made of a pipe with a diameter of 70 mm, and a chimney - 100 mm.

The design is completely welded, the pipes are cut to the required length, and the upper part of the cylinder is cut off. Then the parts are welded according to the drawings, only the opening between the vertical pipes with a diameter of 70 and 150 mm is filled with loose heat-insulating material. Perlite or vermiculite can act as such, on extreme case- ordinary sand.

If there is an opportunity and desire to make a more powerful rocket furnace, then a standard 200-liter barrel is used as a cap, then the dimensions of all parts also increase. The working inner pipe is accepted with a diameter of 129 mm (or profile 120 x 120 mm), and the outer one - with a size of 450 mm. It is difficult to pick up a pipe of this diameter, so they usually find another barrel of a smaller capacity and cut off its bottom.

The entire rocket furnace from a gas cylinder assembly is not very heavy, so it is not necessary to arrange a massive foundation for it. When the unit is placed on the floor, legs are welded to it, and if a stove bench is subsequently planned, then the structure will have to be coated with a refractory compound, and then the outer lining should be made. Then basalt cardboard and a sheet of roofing iron are laid on the floor from below.

brick oven

In terms of its design, a brick rocket furnace is not much different from a metal one, but it requires a lot of labor. The difference is that all fire channels of the unit are made of fireclay bricks, and the cap is made from the same barrel.

The entire structure, except for the protruding cap, is recommended to be lowered below the floor level, for which a shallow hole is dug. Its bottom is compacted, and then a small concrete foundation 100 mm thick is poured along the formwork. After it hardens, laying begins, using a solution of refractory clay. iron barrel without a bottom, the cavity between it and the brick is covered with insulation.

The end of the structure is coated with the same solution, and then the largest barrel is put on top - a cap. A chimney pipe is welded to its lower part, drawings of a rocket furnace are used to clarify all sizes.

Conclusion

For all its advantages, a do-it-yourself rocket stove cannot serve as a full-fledged source of heat for heating the whole house. It makes sense to start such construction when it is necessary to organize the heating of a small cottage or other similar building, especially since the “rocket” is not afraid of periodic work.

Rocket furnace according to its design is divided into two main types: portable and stationary. A portable model is used in hiking, relaxing in nature. Its industrial model called "Robinson" is widespread. It bears its name because it looks like a rocket. The similarity of the image is added by the fact that a flame bursts out of a short chimney during combustion, with an unlimited supply of air, a rumble is emitted. It is used for cooking, heating the kettle in field conditions.

Consider the principle of operation, based on the above model.

Description of work

For the construction, steel with a thickness of 2-3 mm is used.
Has a shape matchbox, no box. A lid and a bottom are welded to its side. On the other side there will be a firebox into which firewood is directly loaded.
At the top, closer to the bottom, a pipe is welded to the box at an angle of 45 degrees. A structure is welded on top to act as a stand for dishes and a flame divider.
So that the flame does not burn through the bottom of the dishes during cooking. For manufacturing, you will need a piece of pipe, which is cut into three rings, each ring is cut in half, for a total of six half rings, we weld them with a uniform indent in the center, the product is welded to the top of the chimney.
Legs are welded to the bottom of the box, ensuring the stability of the structure.

The finished sample with dimensions is shown below in the illustration and diagram.

Principle of operation

The considered option is good in that it is not required to build a structure over a fire for hanging a cauldron or a teapot.
Cooking kulesh or fish soup will be more comfortable, like on a stove at home. The installation should be oriented towards the wind, it should blow into the furnace.
Firewood burns out quickly, the heat generated is enough for cooking, but most of it disappears.
In the stationary model, these shortcomings are eliminated by improving the basic design. Namely, the furnace is equipped with a door, a blower is arranged under it, which limits the air supply, thereby slowing down the process of burning firewood.
Air is also supplied to the area above the combustion, where the gases go, but do not burn there, this makes it possible to start the pyrolysis process, thereby ensuring the burning of the pyrolysis gases.
Also, the fuel combustion chamber should be wrapped in a casing, which increases thermal insulation. A manufactured thermal insulator is put on it, this additionally retains heat inside, shown below.

materials

The Rocket Furnace will require the manufacture of the following Supplies: two gas cylinders and everything in the table below.

Getting Started

We cut off a piece of 20 cm from the profile, cut the rest into three parts.

From a piece, 315 mm in size, a “bed” base is made, from the second, 300 mm in size - a place for loading firewood and weld it at an angle. To do this, we do a saw cut on an oblique.

We cut the third blank, 280 mm in size, across, we get two channels, the one with a width of 35 mm is welded from the bottom, thereby making a blower.

On the upper surface of the base, we cut out a rectangular hole for the entire width, long for a bunker with a blower, on it, from the side of the joint, we make a cutout for it. The distance from the beginning to the workpiece is 100 mm.

Safety measures should be observed when cutting, first it must be filled with water, this will etch the remaining gas condensate.

Blower manufacturing process

From the bottom of the base, opposite the hole, we weld five rods, 16 cm long, from reinforcement. We make slots between the welded grates. Next, we weld another part of the channel (the remainder from the third workpiece) below the grate. We weld on the back wall, on which, for the convenience of further installation, the bevel, its plug. After the “working” blank has been welded to the base, the bottom should be welded with a plug.

Next, we proceed to the manufacture of the casing, which will act as a conductor. The space between them will be filled with mineral filler perlite. At the bottom of it, we make a cutout for the “sunbed”, the width is 120, and the height of the cutout will be 160 mm, i.e. from below we weld a strip using a cut piece 40 mm long.

This insulates the bottom at the junction with perlite. We hide it in the casing, weld a round cover on its bottom.

Desired volume of perlite

For the upcoming purchase, you should find out experimentally, for this you should fill this space with water. It turns out the desired volume. Perlite is sold in garden stores, its measure is liters. A channel is welded to the bunker, traction will be provided through it and the loading bunker will be mounted on the base. Inside the "working" we organize the air supply. To do this, we crash there through the casing and weld the workpiece to the place of the slot, in the form of a ring. With a piece of profile pipe we make a branch for the air duct. It has a door for adjustment.

Doors are made and attached to the furnace with a blower and to the loading chamber with a draft chamber. The doors on the boot should be used regularly, but on the firebox - only when igniting or when choosing ash, so it’s better to construct them as shown below, it will be more practical.

Perlite is filled in and the hole is welded from above with an annular plug. In this case, 5 and a half liters of insulation were used.

Measurements are made and a hole is cut out in order to put on the lower section of the insulation. Since an air leak was attached to the side of the stove, the cutout does not come out in the correct rectangular shape.

We also manufacture two balloon rings.

Rings are worn at the junction between, one outside, the other inside.

Between them, a packing is laid, which is a non-combustible sealing cord, 150 mm long and 10 mm thick. These manipulations will allow you to securely fix the upper section of the cap, putting it in the grooves of the so-called “saddle”, while it remains removable in order to ensure the possibility of cleaning from waste in the future.

rocket stove video

For ease of installation of the lower part of the oven can be turned over. We center it by welding spacers between the cap and the casing. After that, we weld the insert over the "bed" to the place of the cutout. We weld rings, the width of which is 30 mm with a release to the top of 20 mm, one inside the lower cap, the other from the outside.

We calculate the distance between the top of the "working" pipe and the upper surface of the cap. The cross-sectional area must be less than the lateral area of the imaginary cylinder. In this case, its diameter is 120 mm. The cross-sectional area is 11304 mm². The experimentally calculated figure of the desired distance is 50 mm.

Summary: the top will heat up, and the heat will diverge over the entire surface area - this will be a stove with excellent efficiency, since the heat will remain in the device and not fly out into the chimney.

The cap is fastened as follows: corners with 10 holes are welded along the contour from below and from above and twisted with bolts 8x8 cm long in four places.

The last stage is the output of the chimney at the bottom. To do this, cut a hole under it.

The stationary rocket furnace in this article was considered using the example of video material, which can be viewed by clicking on the links below.

The rocket stove is widely known throughout as a long-burning solid fuel heating structure. To achieve the maximum efficiency had to work hard. A liquid fuel stove is able to give all its energy, but wood is more difficult to process. To unlock the full potential of the tree, a chamber for afterburning gases was equipped in jet furnaces.

The Shirokov-Khramtsov rocket or jet furnace got its name not because of its connection with space. The point is the shape of the device and the noise that is created during operation, reminiscent of the operation of a rocket. But this sound indicates improper use of the oven.

Types of long-burning rocket furnaces:

Portable (mobile);
Stationary (for heating).

The most popular rocket model is the Robinson. It is often used on hikes. Thanks to a small portable apparatus, you can understand the principle of operation of jet furnaces. The shape of the oven resembles the letter "L".

If the oven is too noisy and hums during operation, then this mode is inefficient and expensive. Normally, there should be a quiet sound, a little rustling.

The jet furnace has a receiving hopper. This is the horizontal part of the pipe. A thrust arises in the channel itself, it is it that affects the intensity of combustion, which warms up the body. That is why it is advised to limit the supply of oxygen. Otherwise, the firewood will quickly burn out and all the heat will evaporate.

The stove is powered by jet thrust due to the natural flow of hot air. The higher the temperature of the furnace walls, the better the wood burns. This allows you to quickly heat water in a large container, which is indispensable on a road trip. If you equip the pipe with thermal insulation, then after warming up, you can burn thick logs.

Do-it-yourself rocket stove: advantages, drawings, disadvantages

If desired, the conventional design of the furnace can be improved. So the potbelly stove loses a lot of heat, but by equipping the device with a water circuit or brickwork can solve these problems. For all these manipulations, drawings are made.

Advantages of jet ovens:

Simple and cost effective design. You can use improvised materials, without significant financial costs. All work can be done by hand, special knowledge and skills are not required.
You can independently control combustion by choosing the desired intensity.
High efficiency. In general, it all depends on the quality of the installation. The main thing is to take away the maximum energy from the flue gases.

But such a simple and convenient design has significant drawbacks. So you need to select a special fuel for the potbelly stove. Wet firewood must not be used, otherwise pyrolysis will not occur. The furnace may begin to smoke profusely, and all gases will go into the house. In addition, the rocket furnace requires increased safety requirements.

The most popular portable model is the Robinson rocket stove. It was modified and a grate was added.

Homemade jet stoves are not used for heating baths. They are ineffective in infrared light, which plays important role for a couple. Surface structures are small area heating, so they can not heat the bath.

Drawings of a jet furnace from a gas cylinder and other types

Long-burning furnaces are divided into stationary and mobile. Mobile stoves are used in hiking, picnics, outdoors for heating and cooking. Stationary ones are used to heat the house, outbuildings, greenhouses, garages. In this case, 4 types of structures are distinguished.

Types of jet furnaces:

Homemade camp stove made of metal pipes, buckets, cans;
Reactive design from a gas cylinder;
Brick oven with a metal container;
Stove with bed.

The portable structure is equipped with pipe sections. The only difference concerns the installed partition for the ash pan. For the lower part, a grate can be used.

A device from a gas cylinder is more difficult to build, but significantly increases efficiency. For installation of the structure, a barrel or a gas cylinder is required. Firewood in the firebox burns out due to the influx of oxygen by loading through a special window.

The gases burn out in the pipe, which is located inside the structure, due to the supply of secondary air. The effect is enhanced by warming the inner chamber. Hot air is placed in the hood, and then into the outer chamber. The products of combustion are removed through the chimney.

To create draft, the top of the chimney is placed 4 cm above the loading window.

The combined brick and metal model is a stationary structure. Due to the high heat capacity, the wood stove accumulates and releases heat for several hours. That is why this design is used to heat residential premises.

A rocket assembly with a bed is an advanced device that is able to retain heat longer. Since part of the heat exits through the chimney, we increased its length. Due to the rapid excision of hot gases and a larger chimney, this problem was solved.

This is how massive stoves with a stove bench are obtained, which are similar to a sofa or bed. These are stationary devices made of brick or stone. Thanks to its unique design, the stove is able to retain heat all night.

Do-it-yourself drawings of the Ognivo stove and other models

It is best to make small ones with your own hands. portable structures: rocket "Flint" and "Robinson". It is easy to perform the calculation, and the work will require cutting profile pipes and metal welding skills. Dimensions may differ from the drawing, it's not scary. It's important to keep the proportions.

To increase the intensity of combustion, it is advised to add improvised nozzles to the design. Secondary air for afterburning will flow there.

Stationary rocket stoves are made from a gas cylinder or metal barrel. These elements act as a body. Inside, the stove is equipped with smaller pipes or fireclay bricks. From the cylinder, you can make both a stationary unit and a mobile one.

Scheme of a continuous combustion furnace:

Chimney;
Cap;
insulation;
loading bunker;
Burning zone;
Afterburning zone.

It can be difficult to calculate a rocket furnace, because there is no exact methodology. You should pay attention to the checked finished drawings. It is necessary to determine the size of the heating equipment for a particular room.

Assembling a do-it-yourself jet furnace for heating

The construction of the furnace begins with preparatory work. First you need to decide on the place of construction. It is chosen based on the requirements that apply to solid fuel structures: wood or coal.

When you have decided on a place, you need to properly prepare it for construction. The wooden floor under the stove is dismantled. They dig a small pit and tamp the bottom.

In a small room, a jet furnace is placed in the corner. The loading bunker occupies one side, and the lounger the other.

The barrel or cylinder must also be prepared for installation. To do this, they cut off the lid and the tap. Then the structure is cleaned. Next, prepare the solution.

Stages of construction of a jet furnace with a bench:

The bottom of the dug pit is laid out with fireclay bricks. Formwork is made along the contour of the recess. Perform reinforcement.
Lay out the base and pour concrete. After a day, when the concrete hardens, further work begins.
The base of the stove is laid out from fireclay bricks. Raise the side walls, make the lower channel.
The combustion chamber is covered with brick. There are two holes on the sides. One is for the firebox, the second is for the vertical pipe (riser).
The metal case is equipped with a flange into which the horizontal channel of the stove will enter. All seams must be airtight, well sealed.
TO horizontal pipe attach a side outlet, which serves as an ash pan.
A fire tube is made of brick. As a rule, it is square.
The flame tube is equipped with a casing. The gaps are filled with perlite.
Installation of the cap is made from the cut off part of the barrel or cylinder. It is equipped with a handle.
Equip the furnace body with brick or stone.
Equip the front of the furnace. Lay out the necessary contour.
A prepared barrel is placed on the base. The lower part must be sealed with clay.
With the help of a corrugated pipe, a channel is formed that connects the firebox with the street.
The pipes of the heat exchanger are connected to the lower pipe.
Install a chimney. All elements must be sealed using asbestos cord and refractory coating.

Advanced Water Loop Rocket Furnace

A long-burning cauldron can be obtained by equipping a furnace with a water jacket. Water heating may not be efficient enough. The fact is that the bulk of the warm air enters the room and containers on the hobs. To create a rocket cauldron, it is necessary to give up the possibility of cooking on a stove.

Materials required for equipping a stove with a water circuit:

fireclay bricks and masonry mortar;
Steel pipe (diameter 7 cm);
Barrel or balloon;
insulation;
Sheet steel and a barrel of a smaller diameter than for the hull to create a water jacket;
Chimney (diameter 10 cm);
Details for the heat accumulator (tank, pipes, connecting pipe).

A characteristic feature of rocket furnaces with a water circuit is that the insulation of the vertical part ensures the combustion of pyrolysis gases. Wherein warm air is sent to a coil with a water circuit and gives off heat to the stove. Even when all the fuel has burned out, in heating circuit warm air will still be supplied.

Do-it-yourself rocket furnace drawings (video)

Jet oven stove benches are widely known among the people. They were used even by Korea, China, England and the population of Japan. The Chinese stove differed from the rest in the ability to heat the entire floor. But the Russian counterpart is in no way inferior. Thanks to useful innovations, the stove is able to keep heat for a long time.

Examples of a rocket stove (photo ideas)

Drawings and videos of the rocket furnace required for DIY installation

Do-it-yourself jet furnace: diagram, drawings, step-by-step instructions for making a rocket furnace and more + video

The jet stove or rocket stove came about as a result of a departure from the tradition of building space heating equipment. It is considered an economical heat generator, the design of which is elementary. Therefore, many are thinking about building a jet furnace with their own hands.

Description, advantages and disadvantages of the rocket oven

A heat generator for heating the air in a room is called a rocket stove or a jet stove, because during operation, in case of excessive air intake, it makes special sounds. This noise can be mistaken for the roar of a jet engine. In normal mode, the equipment operates with a barely audible rustling sound.

The rocket stove serves as a home heating and cooking device. It takes about 6 hours to burn one batch of firewood in such equipment, more than in a standard metal stove. The reason for this is the creation of a heat generator based on a furnace with upper combustion.

The flame from the jet furnace can escape

The advantages of the rocket oven include:

independence from fuel energy;
simplicity of design, consisting of affordable parts, connected in a matter of minutes;
the ability to produce a lot of heat, despite the quality of the loaded fuel.

The jet furnace also has some disadvantages:

manual control, which implies constant monitoring of equipment operation;
danger of getting burned, because the walls of the equipment become extremely hot;
inexpediency of use in the bath, because it will not be possible to warm it up.

Kinds

A unit that emits a rocket hum during operation happens:

portable (a unit of metal pipes, buckets or a gas cylinder); Portable rocket furnaces are mass-produced by the industry
stationary (created from fireclay bricks and metal containers); Such an assembly is more difficult to build than a metal furnace
equipment for heating air with a stove bench. The stove bench is equipped with back wall ovens

Portable structures are made in large batches, because they are used for hiking. The basis of these heat generators is a pipe made up of several segments.

True, such structures, unlike units based on fireclay bricks, are not reliable. The walls of refractory blocks increase the heat transfer of the jet furnace.

If desired, you can add a couch in the form of a sofa or bed, decorated with clay or sawdust.

Details and operation of a jet heat generator

An elementary rocket furnace is a device of two pipe fragments connected by a branch at an angle of 90 degrees.

The combustion chamber in this heat generator is usually a zone in the horizontal part of the structure.

But sometimes the fuel is placed in the vertical section of the apparatus, for which the rocket furnace is constructed from two pipes of different lengths, mounted vertically and connected by a common horizontal channel.

Primary and secondary air passes through the furnace

The functioning of the jet furnace is based on two actions: the unhindered passage of wood gases through the pipe and the afterburning of gases produced during the combustion of fuel.

Wood chips and firewood are placed in the furnace of this heat generator after a highly flammable material like paper has ignited there. A container with water or other contents is placed on the open section of the pipe.

At the same time, a small space is left between the structure and the installed tank, which is necessary to create traction.

The processes occurring inside a stationary jet furnace resemble the operation of pyrolysis heating units.

Calculation of parameters (tables)

The volume of the furnace should be determined with skill, because it is he who affects the power and amount of heat generated by heating equipment.

When calculating the dimensions of reactive heating equipment, an indicator of the inner diameter of the drum D is used, the value of which can vary within 300–600 mm. You also need to know the cross-sectional area of the drum.

To determine this indicator of a rocket furnace, use the formula: S = 3.14 * D2 / 4.

The main dimensions of the jet furnace are presented in the table:

Particular importance is attached to the length of the flue with a stove bench. The maximum allowable indicators are shown in the table:

The volume of the secondary ash chamber is also an important indicator, depending on the volume of the drum and the primary chimney.

Building materials for the construction of a non-standard furnace

The production of jet heating equipment will require the presence of:

barrels with a volume of 200 liters and a diameter of 0.6 meters, an empty liquefied gas cylinder or tin buckets to build a furnace drum;
square or round pipes from steel 2-3 mm thick, which are needed to create a blower, a combustion chamber and a primary chimney;
fireclay crushed stone and furnace clay as heat-insulating materials;
adobe, which serves as an outer coating layer;
fireclay bricks;
sand from the bottom of the river;
pieces of sheets of zinc-coated steel or aluminum for the manufacture of covers and doors;
asbestos or basalt cardboard, which performs the tasks of a sealant.

Of the tools for the construction of a rocket furnace, you will need a welding machine. And if you plan to make heating equipment out of bricks, you will have to take:

Master OK;
mortar blade;
pick hammer;
stitching;
an acute-angled sledgehammer;
level;
plumb;
roulette.

Preparing for the assembly of heating equipment

When choosing a place for a rocket furnace, they are guided by some rules:

reactive heating equipment is placed only in a room with an area of at least 16 m²;
without floorboards under the oven, equipment installation will be easier;
above the structure that gives heat, it is forbidden to place wooden beams;
if it is understood that the chimney will go through the ceilings, then the heating equipment is placed in the middle of the house;
the heat generator cannot be installed near the outer contour of the house, otherwise the room will lose heated air;
the jet device must not be placed near the walls and partitions of their wooden materials.

To make it convenient to put fuel in jet heating equipment, it is more reasonable to put it with the front side opposite the entrance. It is important to leave at least a meter of unoccupied space around the rocket stove.

In a small house, builders are advised to allocate a place in the corner for the stove. In this case, the firebox should be directed in one direction, and the stove bench (if it is made) in the other.

The stove stands on a special platform that protects the floor from high temperatures.

Having found a suitable site for a rocket furnace, they begin to prepare it for construction work. If boards are laid on the floor in the house, then in the place where the equipment will be installed, they will need to be removed. A hole is dug under the open floor, the bottom of which must be pressed.

Before construction works a special solution should be mixed. It consists of sand and clay combined in a ratio of 1:1. Water will be needed so much that the building materials acquire the consistency of sour cream, that is, ¼ of the amount of dry ingredients.

Do-it-yourself step-by-step instructions for making

If it is planned to make a rocket furnace from a gas cylinder, then you can not be afraid of difficulties. The steps to create equipment from such building materials are quite simple:

from a cylinder with a volume of 50 liters, the upper part is cut off in order to build a kind of cap;
The balloon is cut at the top and bottom
focusing on the instructions in the drawing, all parts of the product are welded to each other, that is, a gas cylinder, a pipe with a diameter of 10 cm (future chimney), a pipe with a diameter of 7 cm (internal channel) and another pipe with a diameter of 15 cm (firebox);
Dimensions are in mm
the space between the two pipes is filled with a material that retains heat, for example, sand, which has been carefully calcined, that is, cleaned of organic substances;
legs are welded to give stability to the structure.

To build a rocket stove with a stove bench, which involves the use of bricks, you need to act differently:

The area for arranging the firebox is deepened by removing 10 cm of soil. The combustion chamber is formed from fireclay bricks. A formwork is created along the contour of the manufactured structure. To make the foundation strong, it is recommended to lay in it reinforcing mesh or metal rods;
The platform will harden in about two days
The structure is poured with liquid concrete. Then they wait for the solution to harden, and finish the job. Bricks are laid in a continuous line, creating a platform for the furnace. After that, the walls of the structure are formed, exposing several rows of brick blocks;
They equip the lower channel of the structure, while one line of bricks is laid across to block the combustion chamber. The blocks are placed, leaving the vertical channel and the opening of the firebox open;
Two sectors of the furnace at this stage of construction must be open
They find a body from an old boiler and cut off the top and bottom covers on it. At the bottom of the resulting pipe, a flange is installed through which a horizontal heat exchanger will pass. Parts need to be connected to each other with a continuous weld;
Work requires diligence
An outlet pipe is inserted into the barrel, after which they take a brush for metal and scrape rust from the walls of the container. The cleaned barrel is treated with a primer, and a little later - with paint that is resistant to high temperatures;
The horizontal chimney is connected by welding to the side outlet - the future ash pan. To facilitate its cleaning, a sealed flange is mounted;
Spread the flame tube of refractory bricks. At the same time, a channel with a height and width of 18 cm is formed inside the structure. While doing this, they constantly use building level, which allows you to control the verticality of the product;
The height of the pipe is predetermined
The flame tube is covered with a protective casing, and the resulting gaps are clogged with perlite. The lower area of the vertical channel is sealed with wet clay, the function of which is to prevent spillage thermal insulation material on the floor;
From the boiler, on which the top and bottom were cut off, a fuel tank is formed. A handle must be welded to it;
To improve the appearance, the structure is treated with adobe putty, consisting of sawdust and raw clay. The first component of the composition serves in the same way as crushed stone in concrete, that is, it prevents cracking of the furnace walls. It is recommended to apply adobe putty on top of perlite backfill;
They create the facade of the furnace, for which the furnace circuit is laid out of stone, bricks, adobe and sand. The wrong side of the structure is filled with crushed stone, and the front side is filled with adobe mixture, which makes the surface perfectly even;
A casing made of a metal barrel is placed on the previously created base. The lower branch pipe of the tank is directed towards the bench. The bottom of the structure is treated with raw clay, which will ensure its tightness;
A channel from a corrugated pipe is brought to the combustion chamber. It will serve as a link between the firebox and the atmosphere from the outside;
At this stage, the oven looks almost finished.
A test kindling of the furnace is carried out, looking at how the gases are removed from the horizontal chimney. After that, the heat exchanger pipes are connected to the lower branch pipe installed on the red brick platform;
The furnace is supplemented with a pipe for removing smoke. The junction of the chimney and the heat generator is sealed with refractory coating and asbestos cord;
Using clay and adobe, the couch is given the desired shape. Only the horizontal section of the structure is left unsealed, which will then be used during cooking.
The furnace functions as a whole system

Design improvement

A stove bench with a flue inside is not the only option for upgrading a rocket furnace. The design can be improved with a water jacket connected to a heating system in which water circulates. It is desirable to give this part of the structure the appearance of a coil, created from copper pipe swirling on the chimney.

This design provides even more warmth.

Another way to improve the jet furnace is associated with the organization of the flow of heated secondary air into the flame tube. This will increase the efficiency of the heat generator, but will lead to the deposition of a large amount of soot in the primary chimney. Therefore, it is better to make sure that the drum cover can be dismantled if necessary.

The subtleties of operating an unconventional furnace

The rocket furnace is heated by analogy with the upper combustion heat generator. It turns out that the kindling of equipment called a rocket must be carried out according to certain rules:

the main raw material for the furnace of the unit should be laid only after the structure has warmed up well, for which, first, sawdust or paper is placed and set on fire in the blowing sector;
they necessarily react to the muffling of the hum coming from the furnace - they put a large batch of fuel into the combustion chamber, which will ignite on its own from the red-hot residues of sawdust;
the process is closely monitored, that is, after laying firewood, the damper is fully opened, and after a while, when the equipment makes a hum, it is covered to produce a sound similar to rustling;
as necessary, the damper is covered more and more, otherwise the furnace will become filled with an excess volume of air, which will disrupt the pyrolysis inside the flame tube and lead to the creation of a strong hum.

Since the reaction furnace was originally designed for use in field conditions, its design is extremely simple. This allows you to cope with the manufacture of the unit by an ordinary home master. But, despite the apparent lightness, the rocket stove is supposed to be assembled, taking into account the correct ratio of parameters. Otherwise, the equipment will be unproductive.

Ksenia Zubkova
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Source: //legkovmeste.ru/stroitelstvo-i-remont/otoplenie/reaktivnaya-pech-svoimi-rukami.html

Do-it-yourself rocket stove - instructions!

Unfortunately, in our country, almost no one knows about the rocket stove. Meanwhile, such a design is extremely useful in a number of cases due to the almost complete absence of soot during operation and the high combustion temperature.

Jet Furnace

rocket furnace

Today we will talk about how a do-it-yourself rocket stove is made.

Principle of operation

Hot gases instead of a chimney enter a special hood, where they burn out (hence the absence of soot). At the same time, the temperature rises even more, and the pressure, on the contrary, decreases. The cycle is constantly repeated and soon the furnace enters the combustion mode with maximum thrust (the strength of the latter depends on design features and installation quality).

rocket furnace

The temperature in the bell can reach 1200ᵒС, as a result of which all waste is burned almost without residue, and the exhaust consists mainly of carbon dioxide and water vapor.

Note! Thanks to this, the chimney can be laid under the floor or through some kind of heating structure (couch, for example, or a bench). What's more, the hot hood can be used for water heating, cooking, fruit drying, etc.

Jet furnaces

The benefits include:

high efficiency;
lack of soot;
high temperature;
the possibility of using cones, damp branches, dry plant stems as fuel - at a temperature of 1200ᵒ almost everything burns;
low fuel consumption - about four times lower than in the standard design.

Types of rocket furnaces

There are several types of rocket (or jet, as they are also called) furnaces.

Portable structures from tin containers (paint cans, buckets, etc.). Great helpers on the construction site or on a hike that can be made in just a few hours.
Furnaces made of refractory bricks and metal barrels, intended for heating heat-intensive masses. They feature a horizontal chimney installed underground and an external riser to provide draft.
Fully brick structures are used for floor air heating. They consist of several chimneys at once.

Note! Due to the complexity of the implementation of the third option, only the first two will be considered in this article.

Making a jet furnace from a brick and a metal barrel

In this case, work traditionally begins with the preparation of everything necessary.

Making a jet furnace from a brick and a metal barrel, blueprint

Stage 1. Materials and equipment

For construction you will need:

fireclay brick;
steel barrel 200 l;
chimney pipe;
metal brush;
old barbeque;
fireproof paint;
bayonet shovel;
expanded clay;
fittings;
adobe;
perlite;
cement mortar;
trowel. Production of a jet furnace from a brick and a metal barrel

Stage 2. Preparation

Step 1. A pit is pulled out in the floor (if possible) with a depth of about 30-50 cm. This is necessary so that the level of the horizontal chimney does not rise much.

Step 2. The steel barrel will serve as a cap for the furnace. First, the barrel is fired and cleaned of soot wire brush and then painted with refractory paint.

Note! The paint is applied only after the chimney outlet flange is installed.

Stage 3. Foundation

Step 1 Formwork is being prepared for the future foundation.

Step 2. In the place where the firebox will be, several bricks go deep into the ground.

Step 3. Steel reinforcement is laid on the bottom.

Step 4 Bricks are laid around the lower point of the combustion chamber according to the level.

Step 5. The base is poured with concrete mortar.

Making a jet furnace from a brick and a metal barrel

Stage 4. Masonry

After the mortar has dried, you can proceed to laying the rocket furnace.

Note! To do this, you need to use only refractory clay.

Step 1. On the first tier, the masonry rises, leaving only a hole for the combustion chamber.

Step 2. At the second level, the lower channel of the furnace is formed.

Making a jet furnace from a brick and a metal barrel

Step 3. On the third channel, it is covered with masonry in such a way that two holes are obtained - for the combustion chamber and the vertical channel.

Note! Bricks after laying can not be hewn - they still have to be hidden with adobe and expanded clay.

Step 4. Preparation for laying the vertical channel. In addition to the barrel itself, this will require an old water heater of about 150 liters.

A flange is built into the barrel for connecting the chimney. Here it is desirable to install a tee for cleaning the chimney.

Step 5. Using the "boot" method, the ascending part of the structure is placed. The internal section of this part should be approximately 18 cm.

Step 6. A cut of the water heater is put on the ascending part, and the voids between the walls are filled with perlite. The upper part of the perlite is sealed with chamotte clay.

Step 7. The base of the furnace is lined with bags filled with sand, the base of the casing is coated with clay. The voids between the bags and the body are filled with expanded clay, after which the base is finished with the same clay.

Step 8. The chimney is connected, an inverted steel barrel is put on the ascending part.

Step 9. A trial run of the furnace is carried out, after which the barrel is painted with fire-resistant paint.

Making a jet furnace from a brick and a metal barrel, a diagram

Stage 5. Chimney lining

Step 1. The chimney is lined with sandbags and covered with expanded clay.

Step 2. The construction is given the appropriate shape with the help of fireclay clay.

Note! The rocket furnace needs a lot of oxygen during operation, so it is recommended to run an air duct from the street.

It remains only to install the old barbecue in the neck of the firebox and close it with a lid. The seams are sealed with clay. Everything, the brick rocket oven is ready for operation.

Stove stove, built on the principle of a rocket stove

Stove stove, built on the principle of a rocket stove, diagram

Stove stove, built on the principle of a rocket stove, foundation

Stove stove, built on the principle of a rocket stove, masonry

Making a camping garden stove

In this design, as in the one described above, the principle of operation is to isolate the fire and direct the thermal energy to the right place.

Stage 1. Preparing everything you need

To prepare a portable rocket stove you will need:

two tin containers of different diameters;
a couple of corners;
steel clamps ø10 cm;
pipe from of stainless steel for a chimney;
small-sized crushed stone;
Bulgarian;
scissors for metal. Making a camping garden stove Making a camping garden stove Making a camp garden stove In the second bucket - the bottom of the rocket stove we cut a hole for the pipe We cut the metal into petals and bend inside the bucket Direct flow Direct flow We fill the bucket with small gravel We put on the second bucket-lid on the pipe of the rocket furnace From the wire we bend the burner for dishes From the wire we bend the burner for dishes We melt the rocket oven

Stage 2. Assembly of the structure

Step 1. A lid for the structure is made from a smaller bucket. To do this, a hole is made in it for the chimney (the cover is not removed). In this case, it is better to bend the “petals” inward - so the pipe will be more securely fixed.

The lower half of the bucket is cut off with a grinder.

Step 2. A hole is cut in the bottom of the other container for connecting the firebox. The tin is cut with scissors into "petals" and bent inward.

Step 3. The forward flow is assembled from a pipe and a pair of corners. Then the pipe is inserted into the bucket and connected there to the "petals" with a steel clamp. Everything, the forward flow of the rocket furnace is ready.

Step 4. The space between the forward flow and the walls of the bucket is covered with fine gravel. The latter will perform two functions in the design at once - thermal insulation and thermal accumulation.

Step 5. The second bucket (lid) is put on the jet furnace.

Step 6. The burner for dishes is bent from steel wire.

Note! Instead of a burner, you can install three bricks.

Step 7. It remains only to paint the structure with heat-resistant paint (preferably gray or black). For melting, the forward flow outlet will be used.

Mini jet oven

Reactive mini-oven, kindling

Rules for the operation of rocket furnaces

Rocket stoves, as well as other long-burning designs, need to be launched on a warm pipe. And if this is not so important for the second version of the furnace, then for the first option a cold chimney will only lead to unnecessary burning of fuel. For this reason, the structure needs to be preheated - fired with sawdust, paper, etc.

It is also worth noting that the jet furnace is unable to self-adjust, so at first the blower opens completely, and is covered only after the structure starts to hum strongly. In the future, the supply of oxygen gradually decreases.

About the rocket stove in the bath

Jet wood stove with sun lounger

Many, probably, were interested in the question - is it possible to use a jet furnace in a bath? It would seem that it is possible, because it is quite easy to equip a heater on a tire.

In fact, such a design for a bath is not suitable. For light steam, you first need to warm up the walls, and only then, after a while, the air. For the latter, the furnace must be a source of convection and thermal radiation (IR). This is the problem - in a rocket furnace, convection is clearly distributed, and the design does not provide for losses due to thermal radiation at all.

Do-it-yourself rocket stove

conclusions

Be that as it may, but today in the manufacture of rocket furnaces there is more intuition than real accurate calculations, therefore, this is an almost limitless field for creativity.

We also suggest that you familiarize yourself with the video instruction for the manufacture of a rocket furnace.

- Do-it-yourself jet oven

Source: //svoimi-rykami.ru/stroitelstvo-doma/pechi_i_mangaly/pech-raketa-svoimi-rukami.html

Do-it-yourself rocket stove made of long-burning bricks: drawing, instruction, photo

A rocket stove made of long-burning bricks, despite its simple design, can solve a number of problems for owners of summer cottages and private houses. These include not only the functions of heating and cooking, but also the creation original interior and comfort in the room.

Principle of operation

During the thermal decomposition of solid organic fuel, gaseous substances are released, which also decompose and turn into wood gas during combustion, which has a high level of heat transfer during combustion.

In conventional solid fuel stoves, wood gas goes into the pipe along with the gas, where it cools and settles on the walls in the form of soot. In a rocket-type furnace, due to the horizontal channel, the gases move more slowly, do not have time to cool down, but burn out, giving off a large number of heat.

In reactive models heating devices complex design heated air and gas passes through a series of internal channels. Then they move to the upper part of the body, under the hob, where it burns out completely. For such a rocket, there is no need for additional blowing. The draft in them is created due to the chimney, and the longer its length, the more intense the upward flow.

Principle of operation

In this diagram, the principle of operation of a rocket stove with a stove bench

Advantages and disadvantages

Rocket long-burning furnaces have the following advantages:

high efficiency - not less than 85%;
high speed of heating the room - 50 m² will become warm in less than 1 hour;
the absence of soot - the exhaust during the combustion of fuel does not form soot, but is formed in the form of steam and carbon;
the possibility of functioning on solid fuel any kind;
low consumption - fuel consumption by a rocket stove is 4 - 5 times less than a conventional stove under equal conditions: burning time interval and heating temperature;
the possibility of arranging a warm bed;
the duration of heat retention in a well-heated structure without adding fuel - up to 12 hours.

There are many advantages to such a furnace, but there are also bad sides.

The disadvantages include:

manual method of controlling the heating device - fuel burns out quickly, and it is required to report it regularly;
the high heating temperature of some structural elements threatens to burn the owners in case of accidental contact;
the heating rate does not allow the use of a rocket oven for baths;
the aesthetic component of such a device is not for everyone and is not suitable for any interior;
danger of penetration carbon monoxide to living rooms.

materials

Do-it-yourself building materials for the construction of a long-burning rocket furnace are selected depending on the calorific value of the fuel. For laying the main part of the body, a simple red oven brick is usually used. The firebox and the furnace bunker are lined with fireclay bricks.

If it is planned to use high-calorie fuel (for example, coal), then refractory bricks are used for the construction of almost all parts of the structure. The masonry elements are fastened with an aqueous solution of a mixture of sand and clay.

Regardless of the type of design for a long-burning rocket furnace, you will need to buy furnace fittings:

blew;
grates;
furnace doors;
intermediate cap;
chimney pipe.

Tools

To build a rocket-type furnace with your own hands, you need to prepare in advance a set of tools for work, which should consist of:

trowels for scooping up and distributing the solution. It is more convenient to work with a tool with a handle slightly shifted to the side;
picks or hammers - picks for hewing individual parts of bricks;
grinders with a diamond blade for sawing solid blocks into quarters and halves;
mallets with a rubber tip for leveling bricks in masonry;
twisted cord - moorings;
building level;
square and tape measure;
shovels.

You also need to stock up on two containers for preparing a solution, concrete and a metal mesh for sifting ingredients.

How to do it yourself?

Before you make a rocket furnace, you need to decide on the place of its installation, with the dimensions of the future design, and develop a diagram. The technology of masonry itself is quite simple, any novice builder can master it.

The simplest design of a rocket furnace can be built from 20 bricks per suburban area and use it to heat food brought from home.

Location selection

Before starting construction, the first step is to choose a place. brick ovens missile type is recommended to be placed closer to front door. In this case, the ash after cleaning will not need to be carried through the entire room, which will positively affect the overall dust content of the room.

It is also desirable that there are no rafters located closer than 40 cm to the chimney at the exit point of the pipe. And yet, the stove should not be adjacent to the outer wall of the house so that expensive heat does not go to heat the street.

Solution preparation

Cement mortar under the influence of high temperatures quickly cracks, therefore, only a mortar consisting of clay and sand is used for laying brick heating devices.

Their proportions are determined experimentally, depending on the quality of the clay. Most often in a ratio of 1:2 or 1:3, and the higher the fat content of the clay, the less it is added to the solution.

First, the clay must be soaked, filtered, and then sand is introduced. The resulting solution should have the consistency of thick sour cream. You can check the level of its viscosity in the following way:

place a wooden stick or trowel handle into the mixture;
remove the tool and shake well;
check the thickness of the adhering layer: if less than 2 mm add clay, more than 3 mm - sand.

The preparation of the mortar must be approached with all responsibility, since only a plastic mixture of the required density can fill all the irregularities of the bricks and ensure their strong adhesion.

Masonry rocket stove of 20 bricks

Ordering a rocket furnace for 20 bricks

An example of a brick rocket stove

Masonry rocket stove with stove bench

A brick rocket stove, even equipped with a bench, is small. The order shown in the figures (below) allows you to assemble the structure without using metal products. Only the doors will be iron. Subsequently, the body can be coated with clay to give it more rounded shapes.

row number	Number of bricks, pcs.	Description of masonry	Drawing
1	62	Formation of the furnace base	(click to enlarge)
2	44	The formation of the base of the channels for heating the couch along the entire structure. Fastening mortgages for mounting a cast-iron door
3	44	Repeating the contour of the second row
4	59	Complete channel coverage. The beginning of the formation of a vertical smoke channel and a furnace
5	60	The construction of the couch	(click to enlarge)
6	17	Continuation of laying the smoke channel
7	18
8	14
9; 10	14	Smoke channel formation	(click to enlarge)
11	13
12	11	The beginning of laying the chimney pipe. From here begins the channel through which the air from the hob will go down to move to the stove bench
13	10	The end of the formation of the surface under the hob. Laying asbestos gasket, which is covered with sheet steel.	(click to enlarge)
14; 15	5	Closing the chimney channel and forming a low wall between the bench and the hob.

After completing the masonry work, the home-made rocket stove must be dried, carefully, by heating at low intensity. First, no more than 20% of the firewood norm is laid in the firebox, and the device is heated twice a day for 30-40 minutes.

According to this scheme, the stove is heated until it outside surface won't get rid of wet spots. Drying, depending on the dimensions of the device, may take from three to eight days. During this time, the room should be well ventilated, especially in summer.

Accelerating drying can lead to cracking of the masonry, that is, the device will become unsuitable for further heating.

Ready view

You need to start a brick rocket stove only with a warm chimney. For a small device, this property is not so significant, and a larger stove for a cold pipe only uses firewood in vain.

Therefore, before loading the fuel rate after a long break in operation, the rocket stove must be heated with paper, dry shavings, straw, etc., placing them in a blower with the door open. When the hum in the stove lowers its tone or subsides, then you can load all the fuel into the furnace, it should ignite by itself from the already existing fire.

A rocket stove with a bed is not a fully self-regulating device for external conditions and fuel energy efficiency. Therefore, at the beginning of the furnace, the regular amount of fuel blower door left in the open position. After the stove starts to hum strongly, it is covered to a position where the sound emitted is barely audible.

Only dry wood can be used to heat the stove, wet wood will not allow the stove to warm up to the desired temperature, which can lead to reverse draft.

Conclusion

The brick jet stove is becoming an increasingly popular heating appliance for small buildings, both temporary and permanent residence. This is explained by the simplicity of execution, the cheapness of the material, the duration of autonomous operation and the high heat transfer of this design.

Scheme of a rocket stove for the house. Rocket stove: do-it-yourself rocket, drawings and videos, long-burning jet stove, for heating. Video: how to make a long-burning jet furnace with your own hands

The principle of operation of the rocket-type stove

The simplest design of a rocket stove

Improved Rocket Furnace Design

Increasing the efficiency of heat extraction in rocket stoves

Stove stove

Rocket oven with water circuit

Rocket stove with bench

We fold a rocket stove with a stove bench out of brick

What is needed for work?

Ordering a brick rocket stove with a stove bench:

The principle of operation of the rocket furnace

Efficient heat extraction

Advantages and disadvantages

balloon stove

brick oven

Conclusion

Description of work

Principle of operation

materials

Getting Started

Blower manufacturing process

Desired volume of perlite

rocket stove video

Do-it-yourself rocket stove: advantages, drawings, disadvantages

Drawings of a jet furnace from a gas cylinder and other types

Do-it-yourself drawings of the Ognivo stove and other models

Assembling a do-it-yourself jet furnace for heating

Advanced Water Loop Rocket Furnace

Do-it-yourself rocket furnace drawings (video)

Examples of a rocket stove (photo ideas)

Do-it-yourself jet furnace: diagram, drawings, step-by-step instructions for making a rocket furnace and more + video

Description, advantages and disadvantages of the rocket oven

Kinds

Details and operation of a jet heat generator

Calculation of parameters (tables)

Building materials for the construction of a non-standard furnace

Preparing for the assembly of heating equipment

Do-it-yourself step-by-step instructions for making

Design improvement

The subtleties of operating an unconventional furnace

Do-it-yourself rocket stove - instructions!

Principle of operation

Types of rocket furnaces

Stage 1. Materials and equipment

Stage 2. Preparation

Stage 3. Foundation

Stage 4. Masonry

Stage 5. Chimney lining

Making a camping garden stove

Stage 1. Preparing everything you need

Stage 2. Assembly of the structure

Rules for the operation of rocket furnaces

About the rocket stove in the bath

conclusions

- Do-it-yourself jet oven

Do-it-yourself rocket stove made of long-burning bricks: drawing, instruction, photo

Principle of operation

Advantages and disadvantages

materials

Tools

How to do it yourself?

Location selection

Solution preparation

Masonry rocket stove of 20 bricks

Masonry rocket stove with stove bench

Conclusion

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