Coffee is the favorite drink of many on the planet. It has an invigorating effect on the human body, improves performance and fills with energy. But few people know that coffee can be grown on your balcony. Lovers of this drink do not think of seeing a plant called a coffee tree in their home. How to grow coffee? This is not difficult to do. First of all, you need to get the seeds, but you should remember that the seeds must be fresh, since dried seeds will not germinate. But that's not all - before planting the seeds, you need to clean out all the pulp and wash them in a solution of potassium permanganate.

• Where is the best place to put the tree?
• Watering
• Possible diseases
• Active growth
• Top dressing
• Transfer
• Video tips

Setting the stage

The soil should be prepared and the seeds should be spread at a distance of 3-4 cm. As for the soil, it should consist of deciduous soil and sand in equal parts. Coffee beans should only be placed on the ground and not sprinkled, because the beans can rot in the ground. After that, for the seeds necessary care. To do this, you need to water them and, of course, cover them with glass or polyethylene so that the soil always remains moist. But, also, do not forget to ventilate periodically - about twice a week, although make sure that the temperature does not drop below 20 degrees. If properly cared for, the seeds should sprout within 2 months. As for replanting, this is only possible after several pairs of leaves appear.

Where is the best place to put the tree?

You need to place the coffee tree in a well-lit place, just avoid direct sunlight. If the rays hit the leaves, spots may appear on the leaves, which means that the plant has been burned. If such spots have already appeared, then the plant must be saved - placed in a less lit place or covered from the sun. If the spots do not go away, the cause may be a draft in which the plant is standing.

Watering

Regular watering and misting is essential for coffee, as this plant cannot thrive in a dry environment. Otherwise, the leaves may dry out. If the coffee has already dried out a little, you can restore it by using water baths. But it happens that this does not help, since the reason may be in the root system, maybe you flooded your plant. Then you should leave the soil to dry without watering. It is considered a completely normal process if the lower leaves of a tree dry out - this occurs as the plant grows.

Possible diseases

There are cases when coffee leaves turn black - this can cause iron deficiency. Then you should feed the plant with some kind of iron-containing fertilizer or simply stick a few nails into the pot.

There were times when coffee trees were considered exotic, but now you can grow such a tree at home. Of course, every coffee lover would like to have such a plant, especially since now this is no longer a problem. The coffee tree not only smells and blooms beautifully, but also bears fruit. Not every type of coffee can be grown at home, as some have very tall trees, which is inconvenient room conditions and requires special space.

It is best to grow a coffee tree by planting cuttings, but you can also propagate from beans, only, as already mentioned, fresh beans. If you plant cuttings, it will be very easy to grow a coffee tree, but not many people know that, if you do everything correctly, it will also not be difficult to grow from beans.

As for the variety, it is better to grow Arabica at home if the grains are fully ripe. Almost a hundred percent guarantee will be given by seeds that are plucked directly from the tree, and not bought in a store. Store-bought grains are unlikely to germinate. If grains are picked from a tree, it must be immediately planted in the ground, as it quickly loses its ability to grow. The soil also needs to be selected very carefully - it should be slightly acidic, loose and free of any debris.

Coffee beans also need to be prepared for planting. To do this, it should be peeled from the outer shell and placed in a solution of potassium permanganate for about one hour. After this time, the grain must be removed with tweezers. It is necessary to plant the grain in a small pot, since after growth, the plant can be replanted. Drainage should be poured into the bottom of the pot, and then the prepared soil. Plant coffee beans to a depth of 1 cm. Everyone knows that one side of the bean is flat and the other is round, so you also need to plant coffee accordingly - so that the flat side is at the bottom and the round side is on the surface. This will make it easier for coffee sprouts to break through to the surface. After the grain is planted, it should be watered abundantly and greenhouse conditions should be created. To do this, cover the pot with glass and place it in a bright place. The temperature in the pot should be no lower than 19 degrees and no higher than 24.

Watering the grain is required once every three days and only in the pan. The soil should remain constantly moist, so you need to check if there is enough moisture in the pot. If it is not enough, then you should water more. When the plant begins to grow, you should not loosen the soil at this stage.

Active growth

If everything is done correctly, then within a few months you will be able to see the first shoots. Then you can begin to accustom the plant to room temperature. You can start with periodic ventilation. To do this, simply remove the glass for a while, just not for long, and then cover it again. After some time, the coating can be completely removed. If you manage to grow a coffee tree, then this is not a complete victory, since caring for it also plays a big role.

The finished coffee tree should stand in a place where the lighting will be diffused, and the air temperature in summer is about 23-25 ​​degrees, and in winter 15-17 degrees. It is also important not to allow the soil to dry out, because the plant may dry out and, in the future, die altogether. In hot summer months, the coffee tree requires more moisture, so it should be watered every day, and to avoid overwatering, you can place a container of water near the plant. The water that needs to be watered on the tree must be settled. In winter it is necessary to water once a week. The coffee tree loves water, so it is advisable to spray it with settled water daily.

This plant has one more feature - it does not like drafts and standing near others. indoor plants. When the tree grows, it should be pinched in the spring to encourage flowering.

To ensure that the coffee tree bears fruit, you must properly and constantly care for it. To do this, you need to remove or weed the weeds in a timely manner, as well as treat them with fungicides and insecticides. These drugs are needed to protect plants from pests and diseases. As for the fruits, with proper care, they appear no earlier than after two years.

If you take good care of it and know how to grow coffee, the plant will not only delight you with its presence, but will bear fruits that are natural coffee.

Many people believe that coffee trees cannot tolerate proximity to other plants, but this is not entirely true, because such intolerance is very rare. If the goal is to obtain fruit, then the tree must be placed in a very bright place, since coffee loves light. In the hot tropics, coffee trees do not get much sun, they are more in the shade, but in our climatic conditions home plant should be placed on a south windowsill. If you place a coffee tree in another, less bright room, it will not grow well, and it certainly will not bear fruit. The coffee tree loves diffused light and also does not like to change position. If you rotate a tree, the leaves will grow evenly, but the tree will not bear fruit.

Top dressing

As for feeding, the coffee tree needs to be active growth, feed every 7-10 days. But, the drug should be alternated - every other time a water infusion of mullein and a mineral fertilizer with microelements. In the spring you can water with most of the nitrogen, but in the fall the plant requires more potassium. When the fruits begin to form, it is better to add phosphorus to the soil. The source of phosphorus is bone meal, which is well absorbed.

The coffee tree requires pollination, but at first glance this is impossible in the house. Although you can use a cotton swab and dip it into each flower one by one and move on to another flower.

Transfer

Young coffee plants should be replanted every year, but older trees can be replanted after two to three years.

Coffee replanting made easy necessary process. This must be done in the spring every two years. But you shouldn’t take a very large pot at once; it’s better to increase the pot by 2-3 centimeters each time. The pot can be narrow, but high, since the coffee tree has a very developed root system. It is important to interfere with the independent life of the plant as little as possible and not to trim it unnecessarily. You can trim leaves or branches only if the tree no longer fits in the room where it grows.

The plant reproduces better by seeds and it is easier to grow a full-fledged coffee tree. Propagation by cuttings is used less frequently. After planting the grain, the tree will bear fruit only in the third year, and may not bear fruit at all if it has not retained its properties mother plant.

The coffee tree is not durable, as from constant fruiting the branches become bare and lose their strength. To rejuvenate such a tree, you can cut the crown 8-10 centimeters from the ground and form a new one from these shoots.

Growing using cuttings

If you grow a coffee tree from cuttings, it can bear fruit already in the first year, that is, immediately after rooting, the tree can bloom. These cuttings retain all the properties of the mother trees, so the fruits are large and there are many of them. But a tree grows from a cutting much more slowly than from a grain.

Cuttings are used from shoots of last year's growth, only from the middle part of the crown. They are cut obliquely with two pairs of leaves. To stimulate root formation, the bottom of the cutting is scratched with a needle. Before planting, the cuttings are treated with a heteroauxin solution and then left in this solution for 4 hours. After this time, the cutting is removed and the lower part is powdered with charcoal powder. Cuttings should be planted vertically in a mixture of sifted peat and perlite. The petioles, where the lower part of the leaves are, are buried halfway in the ground. You just need to make sure that neighboring petioles do not touch each other. After the petioles are planted, the ground must be watered with a solution of potassium permanganate and covered with polyethylene or glass so that the petioles grow in greenhouse conditions. The pot with the coffee stalk should be placed on the windowsill in the southern part of the room, but not in direct sunlight. The substrate temperature should be maintained at 25-27 degrees. Such a greenhouse must be periodically ventilated by opening the glass for a few minutes. The first buds should appear in about 40 days.

You can replant cuttings only when new pairs of leaves appear. If several cuttings were planted in one pot before, then after new leaves appear they are transplanted into individual pots. The soil used is a mixture of turf soil, sand and peat. Drainage is laid out at the bottom, and then soil. The cuttings need to be planted, watered and placed in a bright place.

If the cuttings have taken root and buds have appeared on them, then they should not be removed, because they will not interfere with the development of the tree, but will only bear the first full fruits.

Coffee trees will begin to bear fruit only after year-round care, and this includes weeding, fertilizing and pest control.

Growing coffee trees is not that difficult. It is necessary to have either a sufficiently large window sill or a veranda that is well insulated. This plant requires a lot of space as the coffee tree can grow up to two meters. Of course, you can shape it compactly, but this is quite difficult.

Almost everyone loves strong, invigorating coffee. But, to our deepest regret, coffee is not grown in our country - therefore we have only two opportunities to drink real, fresh coffee: either go to the country where coffee is produced (countries in Africa and Asia), or... grow a coffee tree at home ! Yes, yes, don’t be surprised - it’s possible, and it won’t be difficult. And besides, it looks very nice and looks like lemon Tree- the same leathery, large and smooth leaves of a dark green color, and the height rarely exceeds 1.5 meters. In the axils of the leaves there are flowers that resemble jasmine (though a little larger) and smell pleasant. Then these flowers ripen into fruits the size of cherries, but not round, but slightly elongated: first green, then red, and finally black and blue. Moreover, on one branch there can be both flowers and green fruits, and red ones, both red and black and blue. The fact is that coffee fruits may not ripen at the same time. After ripening, they can be picked, fried, ground - and enjoy the aroma of fresh, natural coffee"from my own garden." How can you give yourself and your family such exotic pleasure?

A few facts from the history of coffee

Now Arabian coffee (Arabica group) is rightfully recognized as the best coffee. And this is not without reason - the fact is that, according to legend, the drink coffee appeared in the 12th-13th centuries in Arabia, thanks to an Arab mullah. One day he saw that goats, after eating the leaves and berries of the coffee tree, became active, excited and agile. The mullah decided to try giving an infusion of coffee beans to his students so that they would have more strength and energy for prayers. The infusion worked - and after that other people began to drink coffee in order to give themselves energy. By the 17th century, coffee had become widespread in Asia, Europe and America. It became an obligatory component of various ceremonies, a sign of hospitality (for example, among the Bedouins, when four sips of coffee were poured into a guest’s cup, which meant: “Drink and leave”). Coffee houses began to be built in the East and soon they became more popular than mosques! After this, coffee shops were banned in some places, but this did not turn people away from coffee: in Europe, coffee first appeared in Italy, then spread to England and other countries. Here they also tried to limit the number of coffee houses, for example, the English king Charles II called coffee houses “rebel schools” and ordered the closure of about 3,000 of them, but public opinion forced him to abandon his idea.

Nowadays, coffee is mainly grown in Latin America, and it is widely represented by the Java and Mocha varieties. The best coffee The Robusta variety grown in Central Africa is recognized, which is frost-resistant and has a harsh taste. This type of coffee is usually used to make instant coffee. Liberian coffee varieties are grown mainly in Africa and are not imported abroad, so it is extremely difficult to find it in stores.

Arabian coffee is usually grown in the apartment; in rare cases, Liberian or Brazilian coffee is grown.

Coffee trees propagate in two ways: cuttings and seeds. Those who grow coffee at home disagree on which method of propagation is best - so you can leave this choice to yourself. You just have to know that ordinary coffee seeds bought in a store are not suitable for planting a coffee tree: the seeds lose their viability very quickly when stored. In addition, a coffee tree grown from a seed will bear fruit no earlier than 3-4 years after planting. If you decide to plant your coffee tree using cuttings, it will begin to bear fruit earlier, although it will take longer to grow.

Where can I get cuttings or suitable seeds? The fact is that cuttings need to be taken from a branch from the middle part of the crown of a coffee tree that is already bearing fruit. And the seeds must be taken from newly ripened fruits, from which the pulp has been removed - and it is better to plant the seeds immediately, without leaving them “for later.” Therefore, you should only take cuttings or seeds from friends who already have their own coffee tree - because in a regular store for summer residents you are unlikely to find the materials you need.

If you decide to plant a coffee tree using a cutting, you must comply with a number of conditions:

If you plant several cuttings next to each other, their leaves should not cover each other;

The cutting must be cut diagonally with two pairs of leaves, and the lower section of the branch remaining under the leaves must be scratched with a needle so that the cutting takes root faster;

To stimulate growth and rooting, before planting, you need to dissolve a quarter of a heteroauxin tablet in 0.5 liters of water and place the end of the cutting in this solution for 4 hours, then apply charcoal powder to the lower cut of the cutting;

It is better to plant the cuttings in a mixture of sifted peat and perlite with the addition of a weak solution of potassium permanganate; you can also use ordinary soil containing high peat and organic (manure) and inorganic (mineral) fertilizers;

After planting the cutting, it should be watered with the same weak solution of potassium permanganate;

After planting the seedling, it is advisable to build a mini-greenhouse, since coffee trees love warmth, after which you must not forget to regularly ventilate it and spray the cuttings themselves - the first bud in this case will awaken in a month and a half;

The temperature at the roots should be maintained at 25-27 degrees;

The cutting should be replanted no earlier than it forms a new pair of leaves;

If buds appear on the rooted cuttings, there is no need to remove them - they will not hinder the development of the coffee tree itself.

If you decide to sow coffee tree seeds, do not forget about the following important things:

For planting, you need to take well-ripened fruits with two seeds - then you will have a better chance that the coffee tree will actually grow;

Before planting, pulp-free coffee seeds must be washed in a weak solution of potassium permanganate;

The soil in which you will plant the seeds must be prepared two weeks before planting: steam the turf soil and mix it with sand and sifted high-moor peat (proportion 1:2:2);

After cleaning and washing with potassium permanganate, the seeds are laid flat side down on the prepared soil at a distance of about 3 cm from each other and pressed into the ground about 1 cm;

After this, the seeds are watered with a weak solution of potassium permanganate and covered with a sheet of glass;

The pot with the crops must be placed in a warm place with a constant temperature of about 20 degrees and watered in moderation - then seedlings will appear in 1-1.5 months;

Crops must be ventilated daily, wiped and the glass turned over, and after germination, ventilation should increase even more;

Seedlings can be replanted after 2-3 pairs of leaves appear on them;

Seedlings need to be transplanted one at a time into different pots. small size, after which it is necessary to put them in the shade, and when the seedlings take root, place them in a bright place with a constant flow of fresh air;

The seedling becomes a tree gradually - first, brown spots appear on the green bark, then they increase in size and merge with each other, after which they lighten and the bark acquires its typical color;

The formation of a crown as such does not occur in coffee trees grown from seeds: at first they grow as a single table, and in the second year new branches grow from new buds, and it is advisable to trim off too long side shoots so that the crown is more lush.

As for replanting coffee trees, young trees that are not yet bearing fruit must be replanted annually, and those that are already bearing fruit should be replanted once every 3-4 years. Moreover, it is better to do this in the spring.

Before transplanting, it is necessary to lay drainage at the bottom of the new pot, carefully remove rotten roots from the seedlings - and prepare the soil. In general, an already rooted coffee tree is not demanding in the composition of the soil; the only condition is a slightly acidic pH reaction (about 5-5.5). The following soil is ideal for replanting Arabian coffee trees: 40% - turf soil, 30% - leaf soil; 20% - river sand; 10% - high-moor peat.

Coffee tree care

The coffee tree is a rather unpretentious plant. All it needs is light, warmth and moderate watering. In summer and autumn - that is, in the cool season - it is recommended for the coffee tree temperature conditions in the region of 16-22 degrees, frequent and abundant watering in summer and moderate watering in winter, since if watered too much, the roots may simply rot. Lighting is very important point For good growth your coffee tree, so try to place the coffee pot in well-lit and sunny areas of the apartment. True, one detail needs to be taken into account - too much sun is not very good, especially for young seedlings, as this leads to yellowing and wrinkling of tender leaves.

In order for your coffee tree to grow and develop, it must be in a bright, well-ventilated room with an average temperature of 20-25 degrees (the lowest limit is 16 degrees in winter). But despite the fact that the temperature of the sucker is too low for the coffee tree, it should also not be near heating devices in winter - as they dry out the air, which can have a detrimental effect on your tree, because it really loves a humid atmosphere!

As for feeding, coffee trees are very fond of nitrogen and potassium salts (3 g of potassium salt and 5 g of ammonium nitrate per 1 liter of water). It is best to fertilize in late spring and throughout the summer - during a period of particularly rapid growth. In addition, you can add organic fertilizers to this fertilizer.

The dormant period as such in the coffee tree is practically not expressed - but, nevertheless, it occurs in winter and is manifested in the need for moderate watering and keeping the tree in a bright place at a low (16-20 degrees) temperature.

Some features of growing coffee trees at home

The condition of a coffee tree's leaves can tell you a lot about its needs. For example, if there is not enough moisture in the air, the leaves will probably begin to dry out. If the acidity of the soil in which the coffee tree grows is low, the leaves will lose their color. If a coffee tree feels too much sun, it, just like a person, gets a “sunburn”: the leaves turn yellow and brown spots appear on them. If you slightly overdo it with watering the tree, the leaves may begin to rot and fall off. If the water you water this plant with is very hard, brown spots will appear on the leaves and they may curl. You can soften the water using simple water softening tablets, which you can buy in the household chemicals or in a store for summer residents. There is another remedy - simply soak a small bag of peat in 3 liters of water.

The main pests for the coffee tree are scale insects, spider mite and sooty fungus, which appears on the leaves of the plant if it gets into too low a temperature (10-12 degrees). Sooty fungus can cause the death of a coffee tree.

To make coffee from beans grown at home, you need to collect them, remove the pulp and dry them. outdoors. After that, put them in a regular frying pan and fry until Brown, grind in a coffee grinder - and you can brew coffee (at the rate of 1 tablespoon of coffee per glass of boiling water)! You can simply pour boiling water over the ground coffee and let it brew for about an hour.

By the way, coffee trees grown at home bear fruit very little - you can hardly get more than 500g of beans. But, in the end, even this amount of coffee grown with your own hands can be very valuable and will give you an unforgettable taste and aroma. A very cute tree will be a good decoration for your apartment.

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Coffee plant at home: how to grow and properly care for it

Many people, dreaming of growing a coffee plant at home, wonder how to care for it correctly and avoid making serious mistakes? Most people believe that it is almost impossible to grow this exotic tree on a windowsill. That's why they don't even dare try to do it. However, this opinion is erroneous. If done correctly, coffee can be a pleasure to the eye for many years in a regular pot for indoor plants.

Coffee is a finicky plant, but it is possible to grow it at home.

To understand how to care for a coffee tree at home, you should first consider some of the features of this plant. Growing coffee at home is not that difficult. But still, each flower has its own vagaries that should be taken into account. And coffee has a little more of these vagaries than other houseplants.

Growing from seeds and cuttings

Arabica coffee grows best at home. This variety can adapt to almost any type of soil. But the most interesting thing is that if you provide good conditions for growth, it will be possible to harvest a small harvest of green coffee beans each year. So, it is quite possible to collect 0.5 kg of grains from one adult plant.

Coffee seeds have a very hard shell, so they do not always germinate.

But it is important to plant and grow coffee correctly. First you need to decide whether to sow seeds or plant a cutting of a coffee tree. Both of these methods are good at home. And even an inexperienced person in this matter is quite capable of growing an adult healthy plant.

It’s very good if you can buy at least a small cutting of a coffee tree somewhere. Then you won’t have to wait long for the first harvest: usually the plant bears fruit within a year, since the crown develops very quickly. It is important that the cuttings already have several leaves.

First, the branch is rooted in clean water. The amount of water in the container should be small so that the cutting does not rot. As soon as the first roots appear, you can plant coffee in the ground. It is better to start with a light nutrient substrate of peat and sand. Having compacted the cutting in the ground, you should water it and cover it plastic bottle, leaving a hole for air. You need to spray it every day, and as soon as the root system fills the entire container, you need to transplant the indoor coffee into a permanent pot.

It is quite interesting to grow a plant from a coffee bean. It is very important to purchase high-quality seeds with a high probability of germination. But there is one problem: the fact is that the seed shell is so strong that not all sprouts are able to destroy it. And even pre-soaking the grains in hot water will not help.

If you plant coffee tree cuttings, they can begin to bear fruit within a year.

Experts recommend making a small cut on the grain and processing it special means, which dissolves the dense seed coat. You can buy it at flower shop. The grains are planted in the same substrate as for cuttings, watered on top with warm water and covered with glass.

You need to be patient, as you will most likely have to wait 4-6 months for the shoots to appear. At this time, you need to constantly moisten the soil, you can even sometimes use growth stimulants. But you need to carefully ensure that the ground does not become waterlogged.

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Soil and lighting

How to care for a coffee tree at home? When transplanting a plant to permanent place into a new pot, you should ensure good drainage from expanded clay. In this case, it is best to compose the soil yourself from equal parts of leaf, turf soil and sand. Regular fertilizing will gradually increase the level of substrate fertility.

The plant needs to be fed every 1-1.5 months, and it is recommended to use mineral fertilizers in liquid form. And every spring during the growing season you need to add a small amount of bone meal to the soil and additionally fertilize the substrate with preparations containing high content potassium and phosphorus.

The capricious coffee tree requires a lot of care good lighting. Moreover, both in winter and in summer in approximately equal quantities. It is best to place the pot on a south window - there the plant will feel most comfortable. In summer it is recommended to shade the flower with a thin layer of gauze, but in winter nothing like this should be done.

If you want to get a coffee harvest, then when turning a flower or moving it along a windowsill, experts advise covering the leaves with the same gauze. This will help him better adapt to the light. But if there is no need for the harvest, you don’t have to do this. Then the plant will more actively produce new branches with leaves. All this is explained by the fact that the home coffee tree reacts strongly to changes in the angle of incidence of light.

Growing coffee at home

To grow a coffee tree at home we will need: unroasted coffee beans or coffee tree cuttings.

Let's consider the seed method of propagating coffee. The main question is where to get coffee beans to grow at home, you can buy green, non-roasted coffee beans in the store and try to grow a plant from coffee seeds, the probability of growth is very small. You can ask friends who already have a fruit-bearing plant, a couple of fruits of the coffee tree, ripe brown-red coffee fruits, peel the coffee from the peel and pulp, which tastes sweet and has a tonic effect, the grain usually consists of two halves, each half is a full-fledged seed coffee tree that germinates very quickly. You can buy coffee seeds at a flower shop, but rather than buying seeds, it is better to buy a ready-made sprouted plant that is 3-4 months old. Now let's look at all the ways to grow coffee in more detail.

Coffee fruits from green to ripe and overripe

The genus Coffee, or Coffee tree (Coffea), includes about 50 species of evergreen or deciduous shrubs growing wild in tropical Africa, Madagascar and the Mascarene Islands. small trees. How ornamental plant The coffee tree was first cultivated in botanical gardens and greenhouses.

Coffee tree seeds generally lose their viability very quickly, and the fresher the seeds, the more likely they are to sprout. If you get your hands on dried green coffee beans, pour water into a plate and put the coffee beans there for a day; after 24 hours, a root embryo should hatch on the grains; plant the coffee beans that have begun to germinate in a separate pot. Of the hundreds of seeds that you remove from a plant, even after a couple of months only a few will sprout. Those who would like to have coffee at home should pay attention to this.

Two weeks before sowing the seeds, prepare a loose, water- and breathable substrate: steam the turf soil, mix it with sand and sifted peat in a ratio (1:2:2).

The peeled coffee seeds are placed in a pot filled with substrate, flat side down, 3 cm apart. Having pressed the seeds into the soil to a depth of 1 cm, water the substrate with a pink solution of potassium permanganate and cover the crops with glass.

Do not forget to ventilate the pots, wipe and turn over the glass; When seedlings appear, the ventilation time is gradually increased.

The first coffee sprouts will appear in two months, be patient.

Coffee at 4 months has already formed a primary leaf that will fall over time

Coffee is a very unpretentious and grateful plant. In the first year of life, the growth rate is modest - the average growth is 15-20 cm. But over time, the plant begins to branch independently, without additional pruning.

At 9 months of age, the coffee tree begins its primary crown formation; the crown forms independently.

You need to try to interfere as little as possible with the independent life of the plant. Pruning is required only as a last resort - when the bush becomes too large for the room that you are willing to provide it with.

Coffee trees developing from seedlings do not need to form a crown: at first they grow with one trunk, and in the second year skeletal branches grow from the awakened lateral axillary buds of the trunk. Too long side shoots of coffee are pruned to ensure the splendor of the crown and abundant flowering. Fruiting of coffee trees grown from seeds begins after 5-6 years; coffee branches grow quite interestingly, much the same as a Christmas tree. They extend at right angles to the trunk. Therefore, the crown turns out to be spreading. It is because of this crown that difficulties often arise, because the plant must be placed closer to the light, it is very light-loving

In the first years of life, replanting is required annually, into a pot that is at least 5 cm larger in diameter. Otherwise, instead of blooming for the first time in 4 years, your coffee will not bloom at all. Any soil can be used – suitable for potted plants or shrubs, rich in nutrients, structured and not very loose.

It's not necessary to spray the coffee, but it won't hurt. The coffee tree should be wiped from dust with a damp sponge and arranged for coffee. warm shower. The temperature regime is normal for indoor plants. Wintering at 16-18°C is recommended. But adult plants tolerate lower temperatures well, down to 10-12°C, but always in a very bright place and with rare watering.

Coffee is a very attractive shrub with a symmetrical crown and shiny dark green leaves. The light brown bark peels away from the trunk with age. So the surrounding ground is literally strewn with thin shavings.

In the summer, you can take the coffee outside, placing it in the shade of a tree; if you place it in direct sunlight, the coffee will quickly die; in the summer, the coffee tree loves shade outside.

The coffee tree is 9 years old.

Young coffee tree seedlings need to be replanted every year. When the tree begins to bear fruit, it is no longer necessary to replant so often, on average, once every three to four years. This should be done in the spring. Before repotting the plant, ensure drainage in the new container. Inspect the roots of the plant, remove rotten and diseased ones. Almost any soil composition is suitable, most importantly, with weak acidity. For example, this: turf soil - 40%, leaf soil - 30%, river sand - 20%, high peat - 10%. This soil is well suited for Arabica seedlings. Fertilizers can and should be used. Both regular manure and special mineralized compounds can be used as fertilizers. Horn shavings or bone meal (200 g per 10 kg of soil) are an ideal source of highly digestible phosphorus.

Coffee tree outdoors

The flowering of the coffee tree lasts from 2 to 10 days; the aroma of the flowers is not as strong as that of citrus fruits.

Coffee beans have long been known as a means of invigorating. They contain caffeine - about 2%, organic acids, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, amino acids, and minerals. In creating the taste and aroma of the drink, the main role is played by chlorogenic acid and ester-like compounds formed during roasting of grains, and the physiological effect is determined by the alkaloid - caffeine.

You need to wait until the berries are completely ripe. They will become cherry color and soft to the touch. Then, we do the same as in coffee plantations: We collect the seeds, wash them, separate them from the pulp and films and dry them. Further options are possible: someone will try to distribute them or sow them themselves. It is a gardener's natural instinct to multiply what he has. Or you can roast it and get the grains, which make a full-fledged drink.

Be sure to try the coffee from our own harvest. Select grains from ripe berries and soak them in water for 12 hours (this will clear them of mucus). Dry the grains for 7-10 days. Then keep in the oven for 2-3 hours at 70-80 °C. Without these procedures coffee beans will not acquire the desired taste. Fry the cooled seeds after drying, stirring constantly, in a frying pan until light brownish. Cool again and fry again until dark brown. Only after these procedures can the coffee be ground and prepared as a drink.

Propagation by cuttings

Plants obtained by cuttings can bloom immediately after rooting; they retain all the properties of the mother plant, the fruits are larger and more numerous. However, coffee trees from cuttings grow more slowly than from seeds; they require the formation of a crown (usually round).

1. To obtain cuttings, shoots of last year's growth from the middle part of the crown of a fruit-bearing coffee tree and apical branches are used.
2. The stalk is cut obliquely with two pairs of leaves; under bottom knot a piece of branch about 2.5 cm long is left, which is scratched from below with a needle to stimulate root formation.
3. The bases of the cuttings are placed in a heteroauxin solution (a quarter of a tablet per 0.5 liter of water) for approximately 4 hours; then dust the lower cut of the cutting with charcoal powder.
4. The cuttings are planted vertically in a mixture of sifted high peat and perlite, spilled with a pale pink solution of potassium permanganate; The petioles of the lower leaves of the cutting are buried halfway into the substrate, preventing adjacent cuttings from touching each other.
5. After planting the cuttings, water the soil again with a solution of potassium permanganate and build a mini-greenhouse in the pot.
6. Place the pot with coffee cuttings in a bright place, protected from direct sun, and support high temperature substrate (optimally 25-27 degrees).
7. The greenhouse is regularly ventilated by spraying the cuttings; After about 40 days, their upper kidney awakens.
8. Transplantation of cuttings into individual pots with a diameter of 9-12 cm is carried out after the formation of a new pair of leaves. For rooted cuttings, prepare a mixture of turf soil, peat and sand (4:2:1) with the addition wood ash. A shard is placed on the drainage hole of the pot with the convex side up, coarse sand is poured onto the bottom of the pot in a layer of 1-1.5 cm. The cutting is planted in a pot using the prepared substrate, at the same level (you can’t bury it - the root collar will rot), watered, placed on a bright place without direct sun.
9. If buds appear on rooted cuttings, there is no need to remove them: the fruits will be full-fledged and will not slow down the development of plants.

You can take different soil for cuttings. It is important to comply with two basic requirements for its structure. The mixture must retain moisture well and be breathable, since it is necessary constant influx air to the root formation sites. The best results, as experience shows, are obtained by a mixture of perlite ( construction material) and peat (1:1), where peat is the component that retains moisture. It is best to take bog peat from sphagnum moss, and before preparing the mixture it must be sifted through a fine sieve. For improved air supply during rooting, add perlite (perlite expanded sand). It has an absolutely neutral environment, so it does not require preliminary disinfection. Before planting the cuttings, both prepared components are thoroughly mixed, then the vessel in which the cuttings will root is filled with this mixture. There is no need to compact the mixture much. The prepared aqueous solution of potassium permanganate (pale pink color) is poured well into the mixture. This way the peat included in the mixture is disinfected and at the same time stimulates better survival of the cuttings.

The coffee tree does not have a clearly defined dormant period, therefore, in order for the plant all year round grew, blossomed and bore fruit, it needs to be constantly fed every 10 days: on the 1st, 10th and 20th, giving respectively 5 g of nitrogen, 7 g of phosphorus, 1 g of potassium and 7 g of trace elements per 1 liter of water. We use chicken manure as a nitrogen fertilizer, which we dilute in water and leave until it completely ferments. When there is no pungent odor and no gas bubbles are released (this means that all organic matter has decomposed), the solution is ready for use. Dilute it three times with water. It should be remembered that chicken manure is the strongest nitrogen-organic fertilizer, and it must be used carefully.

In a greenhouse, coffee tree plants are from 1 to 5 years old. Cultivation of coffee in greenhouses is promising. Thus, in GNBS, from each coffee tree growing in a greenhouse, 100-150 g of dry weight of seeds are obtained in the third year. The plant also bears fruit indoors.

The cuttings are planted in a strictly vertical position to a depth of 2 - 2.5 cm. The prepared cutting is taken with two fingers and carefully inserted into the substrate so that the petioles of the two lower leaves are recessed into the ground. It has been noticed that roots often form at the place where the leaves of the coffee tree connect to the supporting branch. Therefore, when planting cuttings in this way, they root almost 100%.

After planting the cuttings, to better fix them in the substrate, it is recommended to spill it again with a solution of potassium permanganate. A prerequisite for rooting is a moist environment around the ground part of the cuttings. It is formed when the vessel in which rooting takes place is covered plastic bag. But you shouldn’t close it tightly; there should be some air access. To do this, cut a small hole in the bag and spray the cuttings through it during the rooting period, completely moistening the leaf plates. The planted cuttings are placed in diffused light. Direct sunlight is best avoided. The substrate temperature is ideally maintained at +25-27 °C. The higher the temperature of the substrate, the faster the cuttings root. So, for example, at a temperature of +21-23 °C, cuttings took root from February 23 to April 10, and at a temperature of +25 °C - from April 1 to May 5. However, temperatures above +32 °C already have a negative effect on root formation.

The first sign of rooting of cuttings is the awakening of the upper growth bud. However, if you notice this, do not rush to replant the plant. Wait for a new pair of leaves to form on top. And then, having dug up the rooted cuttings, you will see the formed root system. It can be fibrous or elongated with 2-3 taproots.

It is recommended to shake off small particles of peat and perlite stuck to the roots a little, but do not wash them off under running water, otherwise the seedling will be sick for a long time before it begins to grow again. The earth mixture for planting rooted cuttings is prepared in the following composition: turf, peat and sand (river) in a ratio of 4:2:1. You can add a little wood ash here. A pot for planting is taken with an upper diameter of 12 cm. A shard is placed on the bottom with the convex side up and drainage from coarse sand 1 cm thick is poured.
We use a superphosphate solution as phosphorus fertilizer. Pour superphosphate granules into the settled water and stir, heating the solution (for better dissolution) to a temperature of 50°.

A good potash supplement can be obtained from ash extract. To do this, straw ash (contains up to 46% potassium) must be mixed in lukewarm water. After settling for a day, the potassium solution is ready for use. The coffee tree, like any plant, also needs other elements (calcium, boron, manganese, iron, etc.).

Many people believe that since the coffee tree comes from the tropics, it needs the scorching rays of the sun all year round. Actually this is not true. Even at home, on plantations around one coffee tree, four shading plants of a different species are planted. In our geographic area, coffee should be kept indoors on windows facing south or southeast. Any sun shining into them in the summer will not adversely affect the development of the plant. It is more difficult to provide sufficient illumination on cloudy and dark days, in autumn and winter. To do this, we illuminate the plants from November 1 to March 1 with a fluorescent lamp.

Pests and diseases of the coffee tree

Many lovers complain that the leaves turn brown. This is typical for indoor conditions with low air humidity in the autumn-winter period. However, this is not a disease. And if the plant is placed in a wide, shallow pan of water, a more favorable microclimate will be created.

Sunburn on the leaves from the bright sun and lack of moisture in the air.

Watering

One of the most important aspects of coffee tree care is watering. If the roots are exposed to standing water, the leaves turn brown and fall off. All water should drain from the roots after watering.

Watering. Regular, abundant in summer. The water should be soft, settled, without lime, warm (a few degrees above room temperature). It is necessary to maintain weak soil acidity. To do this, once a month add 2-3 drops of acetic acid or several crystals of citric acid to the settled water.

Regular spraying will not harm it. Once a week (except for the flowering period), the tree can be given a warm shower.

Excessive watering often causes root rot, crusty growths and corking spots appear on the leaves of many plants (it can even cork the entire surface of the leaf). In addition to excess water during watering, the cause of the appearance of such spots can be a sharp change in temperature, a sharp fluctuation in moisture in the substrate (if the soil becomes very dry and you immediately water it abundantly), or lack of light. With the correction of errors in care, the formation of cork spots on the leaves stops. If the most likely cause of spots on coffee leaves is over-watering (after all, coffee requires moderate watering in winter), water the substrate once or twice with a suspension of foundationazole (1-2 g per liter of water) - this will help the plant in unfavorable conditions.

To restore the plant’s immunity, it is not forbidden to carry out a cycle of spraying the leaves of the coffee tree warm water with the addition of "Epin" according to the instructions on the package.

Feeding

In spring and summer, feed regularly (once every 7-10 days), alternating a water infusion of mullein (1:10) with a full range of mineral fertilizers. In the spring you can increase the dose of nitrogen fertilizers, during fruit ripening - phosphorus, in the fall - potassium.

The main pests are scale insects, spider mites, and diseases include sooty fungus. If in winter the temperature in the room where the coffee tree is installed is between 10 - 12 C, then a black border will first appear on the leaves, and why the whole plant will begin to die.

• If the soil is not too acidic, the leaves may become discolored.
• The tips of the leaves dry out when there is a lack of moisture in the air.
• The leaves turn yellow and brown spots of dead tissue appear on them in case of sunburn.
• If overwatered, the leaves rot and fall off.
• When watered with hard water, the tips of the leaves curl slightly and brown spots appear on them. To prevent this from happening, soften the water using special tablets, or keep a bag of peat in 3 liters of water.

Uneven ripening of coffee fruits, usually in room conditions

How to make coffee bear fruit?
Plants bear fruit only when year-round care, which includes weeding and regularly treating trees with fungicides and insecticides to protect them from pests and diseases such as bean borer or coffee rust. A young plant begins to bear fruit after at least two years.

The collected coffee fruits need to be slightly dried and cleared of pulp. collected seeds You can dry it and make coffee.

Coffee recipes

Roasting coffee at home

You have taken out green, unroasted coffee beans, and you can prepare excellent coffee to suit your taste with the required caffeine content.
As you know, the taste of coffee is not least influenced by how the coffee beans were roasted. Properly roasting coffee is a special art. This experience does not come immediately. But you can learn how to roast.

Coffee roasting is such an important process that today the coffee producer is not the one who grew and harvested it, but the one who roasted and packaged it. In Italy there is even a special Institute where they study various methods coffee roasting The scientific name for this process is pyrolysis. As a result of complex chemical transformations, the taste of the grains is enhanced and improved. Scientists have found that coffee contains up to 2000 different oils, aromatic and chemical compounds. During roasting, they are activated, which subsequently gives coffee its unique bouquet. Select the best grains before you take to the pan. Please note that when roasting, the beans will evaporate moisture, so the weight of the roasted coffee will differ significantly from the raw beans. Different cultures have different roast levels for coffee.

Arabica varieties are traditionally lightly roasted. This method allows you to preserve subtle shades of taste and aroma.

Medium roasting gives the beans more dark color. At the same time, oil is actively released, which gives roasted coffee a characteristic bitter taste.

The so-called dark roast is the most intense. This coffee is more bitter than others. Its taste is tart and strongly pronounced. Moreover, the higher the roasting temperature, the more expressive the taste. Some varieties become slightly sweet when dark roasted. But here it is important to observe the allotted time. If the grains are overcooked, the sweetish taste will be lost.

In addition to those listed, there are other roasting methods. As a rule, they are named after the name of the area or city where they are used. For example, Scandinavian (light roast), Viennese (flavors develop fully and oil comes out) and Continental (also known as double roast, the beans take on the color of dark chocolate). In the east, they often try to give grains an exotic aroma. To do this, spices and herbs are added to coffee during roasting. Here are a few more useful tips. Once the beans are removed from the heat, try to cool them as quickly as possible. Grind immediately afterwards. In order for coffee to acquire sugar content, you need to wait at least twelve hours for the gases that are released when heated to evaporate. Roasted grains should be shiny. If they are dull, it means that the heat treatment time was insufficient.

What to roast coffee in. There are special roasters for this. Before pouring beans into the roaster, try to heat it evenly. However, in the absence of a roaster, coffee can be fried in a frying pan. The main thing is not to use an oven to roast grains. Firstly, the grains in this case will be roasted unevenly. Secondly, you will not have the opportunity to mix and turn them over. First automatic devices for roasting coffee appeared in the seventies. The heat treatment time in them could be maintained to within seconds. The difference with roasters was that the beans were not heated directly, but were exposed to hot air. However, gourmets say that the taste of coffee prepared in this way is not at all the same as if the beans are roasted using the traditional method.

We store and prepare coffee according to the rules

1. A closed bag of coffee must be stored in the freezer.

2. Coffee should always remain dry (to prepare coffee, do not pour it with a wet spoon and store it in places that are easily accessible to water.) The place where you store open coffee should be well ventilated, protected from dampness and light.

3. If the taste of coffee has changed, check the condition of the coffee pot and water filter. Also check the freshness of the milk or cream.

4. Spoons are different. If you have not only teaspoons in your cutlery set, but also

dessert, you should be careful about what spoon you use to take the coffee. Agree, a drink made from a small teaspoon differs in strength from coffee prepared according to the same recipe, but taken in the volume of a dessert spoon.

5. When preparing Bots coffee, do not forget that sugar is added after the ground coffee is poured with boiling water.

6. If you are serving classic coffee, then according to the rules of good manners, you should serve it with a jug of milk. So that each of your guests can add it if they wish.

7. Milk should be heated before serving or adding to coffee. Otherwise, you can spoil the taste by cooling the drink.

8. If you are a connoisseur of the taste of the drink, do not add a lot of sugar to your coffee. The optimal dose is a teaspoon

Mexican volcanoes. Light cakes

This dish is quite labor-intensive to prepare, but its extraordinary taste will serve as a reward for your efforts..
15 servings:
3 tablespoons skim condensed milk
0.5 chocolate bars
1 package chocolate cake mix
2 tablespoons instant coffee
1 teaspoon ground cinnamon
1/8 teaspoon red pepper
1 glass of water
1 egg
3 egg whites
3/4 cup sugar
15 Brazil nuts or walnut halves
3/4 cup powdered sugar
1.5 tablespoon cocoa powder
0.5 sachet vanilla sugar
3-4 tablespoons skim milk

1. Pour condensed milk over chocolate and melt over heat. Cool, then refrigerate for 30 minutes. In a large bowl, combine chocolate cake mix with instant coffee, cinnamon and cayenne pepper. Add water and egg and mix.
2. For the meringue, in a separate bowl, beat the whites into a stiff foam and, without ceasing to stir, add sugar.
3. Prepare the frosting: Mix the powdered sugar, cocoa powder, vanilla sugar and milk in a bowl. Cool and coat the nuts to form balls.
4. Preheat the oven to 180 degrees. Grease 15 muffin tins vegetable oil. Fill them 2/3 full with chocolate dough. Place 1 tablespoon of beaten egg whites on top and smooth out. Place a chocolate-covered nut in the center of each ramekin. Bake the cakes in the oven for 25-30 minutes.
5. Once cooled, carefully remove them from the molds and pour chocolate glaze on top

Iced coffee cream

This refreshing dessert is served in Italian cafes and bars during the summer.
You will need for 6-8 servings:
250 ml very strong espresso
250 ml milk
250 g cream 33% fat
1 vanilla pod
4 yolks
8 tbsp. l. sugar coffee beans for decoration
Cooking time: 45 min. (+ 3-4 hours for freezing)
Calorie content: 330 kcal

1. Dissolve 4 tbsp in freshly prepared espresso. l. sugar, cool. Heat milk in a small saucepan. Open the vanilla pod, take out the contents and put it along with the pod into the milk. Don't boil!
2. Place a round bowl in a warm water bath. Place the yolks and 4 tbsp in a bowl. l. sugar, beat with a whisk until foamy.
3. Remove the vanilla pod from the milk. First add cold coffee to the egg foam, then milk and mix vigorously. Remove the foamy cream from the stove, place in a cold water bath and cool.
4. Whip the cream into stiff foam. Mix 3/4 of the whipped cream with the coffee cream. Cover the remaining cream and refrigerate for further decoration of the dessert. Place the coffee cream in a metal bowl, cover and place in the freezer for 3-4 hours. 5. In 20 minutes. Before serving, remove the coffee cream from the freezer and place in tall glasses. Place the whipped cream in a pastry syringe and decorate the coffee cream. Place a few coffee beans on top.
Tip: Vanilla beans are quite expensive, but you can substitute ground vanilla. Use natural vanilla (blackhead powder) rather than artificial vanilla. It will degrade the taste of this dish.

Cold coffee with milk

To prepare one serving of the drink you need a glass of very cold milk, 2 tablespoons of coffee syrup and 2 tablespoons of ice cream.
Mix all this, pour it into a mixer and beat. The drink is poured into glasses and ice is added if desired.
Coffee syrup can be replaced with instant or just strong coffee.
The required proportions are easy to establish yourself. For example: in a mixer, beat 3/4 cup of milk, 2 teaspoons of sugar, 60g of ice cream and 1/2 cup of strong coffee.

O-lei Festival or Milk Festival

1 cup hot coffee
8 ounces milk
1 ounce vanilla syrup or extract 1/8 teaspoon cinnamon
1/8 teaspoon sugar
1/8 teaspoon allspice
1/8 teaspoon cloves

Mix spices and vanilla in the bottom of the mug.
Fill the mug halfway with hot coffee, then add warm milk.
Designed for 1-2 servings.

Coffee Marianna

5 beans of natural Brazilian coffee
3-4 tablespoons chocolate fudge
3 tablespoons heavy cream

Grind coffee and brew it in a coffee maker.
Whip the cream with chocolate fudge and drop a teaspoon to the bottom of the cup.
Pour in coffee.

Spiced coffee

Place the chopped zest of one lemon and one orange on the bottom of a shallow enamel pan.
Add 4-5 cloves, cinnamon, 20 pieces of refined sugar.
The mixture is put on fire and poured with hot black coffee (1 l).
After 3-4 minutes, filter through a sieve into cups (yield - 10 servings)

"Love potion"

Sophia Loren says that there is no better love potion than... regular coffee, brewed with your own hands. Once a man tries it, he won’t go anywhere.
In order to prepare 2 cups of this amazing drink, you will need:
- 2 teaspoons ground coffee
- 1-2 cardamom fruits
- 1 bud of dry cloves
- cinnamon and sugar

Heat the water in the cezve until the first bubbles appear on the walls.
At this point, reduce the heat to low, add coffee, stir gently, split the cardamom pods and throw the beans into the coffee.
Throw in cloves, cinnamon on the tip of a knife and, if you want, sugar.
Wait about five minutes for the foam to rise slowly, but do not let the coffee boil.
To do this, periodically lift the cezve even over low heat so that the bottom cools down slightly.
As soon as the coffee starts to rise, remove it from the heat and let it brew for a couple of minutes.

If you want to start a coffee tree at home, it is recommended to pay attention to important aspects in care and living conditions. The plant from hot Africa is unpretentious and does not require special attention and with proper handling it bears fruit for 2-3 years. How to provide optimal conditions, To obtain quick results? What subtleties should be taken into account? Read, learn, implement!

Types of coffee trees and which ones you can grow at home

The place of origin of all coffee plants is Ethiopia. For home grown Only a few types of woody Arabica are suitable:

• Liberian coffee. The size and type of crown can be shaped by pruning. The size of the wavy leathery leaves reaches 40 cm. The inflorescences are large and light. The fruits are juicy, large, from light orange to bright scarlet;
• Dwarf coffee Nana. Without pruning, the tree can reach a height of 90 cm. The indoor coffee plant tolerates pruning and pinching of the tops well. Blooms and bears fruit profusely;
• Arabian coffee. The most popular type of home coffee tree in our latitudes. The leaves are dense, leathery, elongated oval in shape with a wavy edge. The inflorescences are large bunches of white flowers; when pollinated, they transform into greenish-olive berries that turn red over time. Seeds can be collected when the fruits have completely darkened and shriveled.

How to plant a coffee tree

Any type of coffee tree has a deep taproot, which should be taken into account when choosing a flowerpot. The preferred pot size is 40 cm deep.

The most suitable type of soil for a coffee tree consists of:

• 1 part turf, 2 parts crushed peat and 2 parts river sand;
• Humus, sand and turf from leaves are mixed in equal proportions. To achieve the required level of acidity, add two parts of peat.

The bottom of the pot must be lined with drainage, since the plant is sensitive to high moisture content. Pieces of sphagnum moss would be a good addition.

How to choose the right seedling

• The leaves are dense, shiny, without external damage or spots. They grow in large numbers on branches;
• The trunk is elastic, solid, with an optimal ratio of height and thickness;
• If inflorescences or fruits are present, it is necessary to inspect them for the absence of diseases.

The seedling is quite sensitive to low temperatures. During the cold season, it must be wrapped before transportation.

It is worth first deciding on the plant variety. C. arabica is more suitable for decorative purposes; nana blooms and bears fruit more abundantly, the bush is more compact.

Growing from cuttings

Growing a coffee tree at home is not a problem. The most suitable method for this is propagation by cuttings. The most suitable for the cut part is a soil mixture based on marsh-acid crumbs, perlite and peat. It is recommended to first disinfect the mixture with a manganese solution.

In order to choose the best petiole, you must:

• On a healthy mature tree, select a strong branch with four pairs of leaves from the middle of the plant. The branch of the second year of growth is considered the best;
• The cuttings are cut at an angle of 45° with a very sharp knife immediately after the first pair of leaves;
• The bark in the lower part is slightly cut lengthwise to stimulate root formation;
• If desired, you can feed the cuttings with a stimulant before planting;
• The seedling is deepened into the soil by 2-3 cm and covered with film.

Optimal growing conditions, diffused light and constant spraying, guarantee 100% rooting.

The most important advantage of this method is fruiting in the first year of planting.

Growing from grain

A coffee tree from seeds will begin to bear fruit 1-2 years later than from cuttings. But this method will give the gardener more pleasure and bring great experience. How to plant an exotic plant:

• Deepen the seed into the previously prepared soil by 3-4 cm. The distance between the seeds is 5-7 cm. The grain will germinate faster if you soak it in a growth stimulator before planting;
• Water thoroughly and cover the flowerpot with film or glass;
• Every two weeks the film is removed to ventilate and remove condensation. Watering is carried out. The first shoots appear a month after planting;
• When two true leaves appear, the sprout is cropped and planted in a permanent place.

Attention! During planting, it is necessary to scarify the seed, which will significantly speed up its germination. To do this, its shell is slightly damaged by lightly pressing with pliers.

How to grow a coffee tree at home - care rules

Regular care of the coffee tree at home is quite simple. With proper provision, exotics will delight the owner with beautiful appearance all year round.

Where to put the plant

The preferred location is a window sill, with access to the south. A location on the north side will significantly slow down the growth of the plant and reduce its ability to reproduce.

Attention! The coffee tree absolutely does not tolerate turning the pot. Such actions can cause shedding of leaves, inflorescences and fruits.

You cannot place the flower in close proximity to the battery, this will lead to shedding.

Replanting and pruning

To properly transplant a tree at home, you need:

• Change the soil annually when the plant reaches 3 years of age. Further - 2-3 times a year;
• During the period of absence of replanting, replace the top layer of soil.

The coffee tree can be pruned to form an attractive, well-shaped crown.

At 8-9 years of life, the tree tends to lose its decorative effect. The crown thins, the leaves lose their appearance and shape. Periodic pruning between transplants will prolong the life of the plant and strengthen it.

Lighting and temperature

The tree prefers diffused soft light. When located on the south side, it is worth sticking a newspaper on the window to avoid burns of the leaves from direct sunlight. After the ovary has formed, it is better to shade the plant slightly. IN winter time year, you can increase daylight hours with additional lamps.

The optimal temperature for a coffee tree with proper care:

• in summer +23 - +25°;
• in winter +18 - +20°.

Avoid lowering the room temperature below +15°.

Watering and air humidity

The water regime when growing a coffee tree should be approached with special care, because... The plant is very demanding of moisture. It is necessary to draw up a watering schedule in accordance with periods of vegetative activity:

1. The rest period is from October to March. The tree is not moistened or fed. Such measures are necessary to ensure that the plant gains strength before flowering and fruiting. The top layer of soil must not be allowed to dry out, so it is constantly sprayed.
2. The active period is from March to September. The plant is watered and sprayed abundantly every day. A large number of Excessive moisture in the stand container will lead to necrosis of the root system, so the water must be drained.

Top dressing

Regular application of fertilizers increases the fruiting period and the number of inflorescences. The optimal feeding time for the plant is the spring-autumn season. You can feed with both organic and mineral fertilizers. So, it is recommended to enter during:

• Vegetative activity - nitrogen;
• Flowering - multi-mineral complex;
• Formation of the ovary - phosphorus.
• Before winter dormancy - potassium.

Reproduction

At the end of the tree’s life cycle (8-9 years), it is recommended to separate the strongest parts of the plant and propagate by cuttings. New flowers will retain all the properties of the mother plant and will delight the owner for many years.

You can not propagate, but rejuvenate the plant by completely cleaning it down to the trunk. This method is preferable for use by experienced gardeners.

Problems during cultivation

Among the problems when growing a coffee tree, you can encounter such a nuisance as disease. For example, coffee rust. main reason - improper care, untimely removal of dead parts, violation of the water regime.

Attention! After purchasing new indoor plants of any kind, you must observe a quarantine period to avoid contamination of your home greenhouse. To do this, keep the newly brought flower in a separate room for at least two weeks, with constant monitoring for the presence of diseases.

Leaves turn black

If the leaves of a coffee tree turn black, the likely cause of this disease is non-compliance with temperature regime. The black edging on the leaf indicates freezing of the earthen clod and the presence of drafts at the location of the flowerpot. The way to solve the problem is simple - choose a good place for the flower.

Another reason is sooty fungus. It is necessary to remove the affected leaves from the branches and spray with fungicides.

Leaves are drying

Are the leaves of the coffee tree drying out? The main reason is low air humidity in the room. When growing exotic plants from tropical countries, it is recommended to install a household humidifier. Or spray daily.

Brown spots on leaves

If brown spots appear on the leaves, it is worth washing the leaves soap solution. This will help destroy possible pests- fungi. The plant is also sanitarily cleaned of affected leaves and sprayed with an antifungal agent.

The leaves are turning yellow

When the leaves turn yellow, a simultaneous yellowing of the tree trunk is observed due to bacterial damage. Control measures include stripping the bark and treating it with an antibacterial drug.

Why doesn't the coffee tree bloom?

The coffee tree does not bloom only due to non-compliance with water or temperature conditions, excessive acidity of the soil, or lack of fertilizing.

The coffee tree grows quite quickly. With proper care, the first flowers appear 3 years after planting the seeds, 2 years after cuttings.

When to expect the harvest

The first period of harvesting fruit from a coffee tree depends on the method of planting. Flowers grown from seeds bear fruit 3-5 years after planting. Propagation by cuttings gives the desired result 2-3 years after planting.

It is clear that caring for a coffee tree is not difficult, but exciting process. The main reward for the grower will be fragrant inflorescences and exotic fruits. A cup of coffee from our own plantation will surprise any guest!