Height modern houses become more and more, but the weight of concrete blocks does not decrease. For this reason, even for domestic purposes, it would be a good idea to make a crane with your own hands. This design, naturally, will not have a large load capacity, approximately 200 kg. Of course, this is probably not the limit, but it’s better not to experiment. This crane is a completely prefabricated structure that weighs from 200 to 300 kg, so self-assembly of such a crane will not cause difficulties. In addition, this crane is very convenient to transport; it fits well in a Chinese pickup truck.
The cargo winch can be made from a worm gearbox with an electric drive of 600 W, and the boom winch can be made from manual drive, organized through the same reducer.
You can use construction supports as a basis for outriggers on screw stops. To make drums for winches, you can use rotors from electric motors, and they should be selected according to size.
The mobile platform must be equipped with wheels that were previously on the conveyor trolley. This makes it possible to easily move the crane from one position to another; all that needs to be done is to remove the outriggers.
Removal and installation of these supports will take approximately five minutes. For this reason, the design can be considered quite mobile. However, there is a drawback: to move the crane you need to lower the boom to zero level, otherwise the crane may overturn due to imbalance.
The do-it-yourself crane has a five-meter boom made from a Ø 7.5 cm pipe and a square profile at the very base, made from a pair of corners. In addition, the crane has a portal to lift the boom, and a rotating mechanism, which is based on a hub from a truck.
As a counterweight, you can use a frame from a non-working machine complete with four caterpillar tracks, or just bricks. The winch does not include a brake, since the need to use it is a big question.
The turning mechanism also does not have a brake, since the crane is not designed to operate at high speeds, and therefore the inertial forces are too small.
Most thin metal, which is used for this tap, is approximately 3 mm. The outrigger and the base are, for the most part, made of a rectangular pipe, with dimensions 85 by 50 and 85 by 55. A 200 channel channel is used to make the base of the tower. The hook cage is equipped with a powerful bearing, which means that the rotation of the hook does not depend on the pulley. At the same time, during rotation, overlapping or twisting of the track is eliminated.
The length of the stop screws is 40 cm. This is the reason that the installation of the crane can be carried out even on extremely uneven surfaces.
Now about the wheels, not everything is so smooth here. We are talking about a small flaw. The essence of the problem is that when using a crane with the described wheels on loose soil, the wheels burrow into the ground while moving, and if the soil is hard, then there are no problems. The described construction can be considered one-time use, this means that after you have completed necessary work, it should be disassembled for metal or until next time. It is for this reason that this design has little load capacity and is not durable.
A crane of this type can be manufactured in approximately three days, taking into account the fact that all the necessary components are prepared. The production of gearboxes was made from the first items that came to hand. The gearboxes have the following gear ratios: 1 to 30 and 1 to 35.
The connection of a three-phase motor is carried out in single-phase network. It has a shaft output of 600 W and capacitors with a capacity of 80 microfarads. The weight of all installations, if not taking into account counterweights, will be approximately 250 kg, with a relatively low cost. The bulk of the components used are borrowed from other designs; you only have to worry about purchasing cables and bearings.
After you make a crane with your own hands, you can easily lift 150 -200 kg, which is quite impressive considering that it is not intended for industrial scale.
A simpler version of the tap:
For repair work for the car engine, a lifting device was needed, a craftsman from Novosibirsk decided to make a homemade crane with his own hands.
As planned, the crane should be collapsible so that it does not take up much space in the garage. Lifting will be carried out using a hydraulic jack.
The photo shows the homemade design.
The base is welded from 60 mm channel and square pipe 50 mm, additional trimmings were used to strengthen the structure.
The channel is welded at an angle at which the vertical column tilts back.
Vertical stand and boom made of 50 mm square pipe.
The legs and reach of the boom are made from 40mm square tube.
Drilled holes for vertical stand, legs, and arrows to fly. I welded the ear under the jack and figured out how the jack would fit on a piece of some kind of metal structure. The boom has a 30mm corner reinforcement.
Shoulder - 1/5, approximately 110 cm of the boom and 22 cm of the stop from the axis of the vertical post.
In the photo there is a rise of 130 cm to 210 cm. The boom can be moved plus depending on the load capacity. You can also unscrew the screw from the rod on the jack. The jack is designed for 3000 kg, so the weight on the boom is maximum 600 kg (arm 3000/5).
During testing, the vertical console began to bend (between the lower channels and the lower stop of the jack). Motor + gearbox, 250-260 kg. I had to strengthen it and weld 5 mm cut plates onto the 50 pipe.
Almost any construction site cannot be done without special equipment, especially a construction crane. He becomes an indispensable assistant when it is necessary to lift heavy loads to different heights.
Most people associate this technology with huge size, but there are many types of faucets that are ergonomic and compact.
You can even do some options yourself, saving personal savings during construction. In this article we will look at how to assemble a homemade Pioneer crane for building a house.
Mini construction crane: scope of application
Mini cranes are in great demand. They are used during construction and repair work. Modern manufacturers offer innovative solutions in the manufacture of their products.
These devices are different:
- maneuverability;
- wide range of applications;
- functionality;
- ease of use.
Thanks to the presence of various attachments, various manipulations can be carried out with this technique.
Mini cranes, both purchased and assembled at home, are capable of working in the most hard to reach places: in cramped courtyards, dense urban construction, uneven sites, inside buildings and on roofs. Compact dimensions allow special equipment to even pass through single or double doors.
They are often used for fine, almost jewelry work. Manufacturers of modern technology conducted an experiment with matchbox, which needed to be moved from one place to another. At the same time, the device did not crush or crush cardboard box such a tiny size.
The presence of a control panel for the units allows users to control the work process while standing next to the equipment near the load, but only purchased units assembled in production have such advantages.
You are unlikely to be able to make such a device yourself. But you can try to build something similar. Of course, a mini crane assembled by yourself will not be very functional, but it will be able to lift loads of a certain mass to a specified height.
Simple mini-faucet with your own hands
If you make a mini crane with your own hands, it will be able to lift loads weighing up to 250 kg. This will greatly simplify the construction process on site. He can handle lifting logs, concrete mortar, roofing materials. With it, you can do construction yourself without involving a large number of workers.
The main thing when making a mini crane: prepare a drawing, necessary tools and details. The weight of this structure can reach 300 kg. It depends on what materials you will use during assembly. Despite its impressive weight, the mini crane will be distinguished by its compact size and high performance.
Assembling a mini crane with your own hands consists of the following steps:
- Using a gearbox, a cargo winch is attached to a worm base.
- Construction supports are the basis for screw outrigger systems.
- In addition to the basic structure, drums for winches will be required to assemble the unit. Making them on your own is quite problematic. Therefore, it is recommended to purchase ready-made products.
- Rotors from an electric motor can be used as a basis.
Attention: at self-assembly mini crane, Special attention it is necessary to pay attention to the relationship between the sizes of the elements and the dimensions of the future device.
To make the device convenient to use, its platform can be equipped with wheels. This is where the old transport cart comes to the rescue.
Features of mini cranes assembled by yourself include:
- The optimal boom height is 5 meters. To make it yourself, you will need to use a pipe with a diameter of 8 cm.
- A profile of 2 corners is mounted on the base and a rotating mechanism is created to rotate the boom. As rotary mechanism A car hub from a truck will do.
- To build a counterweight, you don’t need any special materials. Ordinary bricks can serve as them.
Types of manual taps
All construction cranes are classified into:
- self-propelled;
- stationary;
- tower;
- special purpose.
This equipment is equipped with a boom extension mechanism, a cargo trolley, and a rotating support.
By type of movement they are divided into:
- stationary;
- adjustable;
- self-elevating;
- mobile.
According to the type of control, these devices are electrically driven and manual (mechanical).
Lift
Modern lifts are divided by type into:
- Foot. They are capable of lifting heavy loads weighing up to 2 tons to a height of 8 meters.
- Telescopic. Their advantages include: light weight and compactness. These devices are capable of lifting loads working height up to 150 kg.
They, in turn, are divided into:
- self-propelled;
- non-self-propelled.
When choosing a lift, it is worth considering several factors: their dimensions, load capacity, scope of application.
To make a lift yourself, prepare materials and a preliminary drawing. To build it we will need:
- a winch, which can be made from a drum and a cable;
- pipes;
- electric drive
The advantages of construction hoists include:
- maneuverability;
- high load capacity;
- safety;
- ease of use.
Scissor crane
The scissor crane is a simple and easy-to-use design. Due to their versatility and functionality, these devices are used in installation and construction work. They can also often be found in supermarkets and warehouses.
A scissor crane lifts tons of loads every day. This technique, in addition to the construction industry, is regularly used in the maintenance of advertising billboards, facade signs, and elevators.
Their main advantages include:
- performance;
- high load capacity;
- compact dimensions when folded;
- wide range of applications;
- maneuverability.
Their advantages also include autonomy - they can operate on batteries. In addition, cranes can be equipped different types drives:
- electrohydraulic;
- diesel;
- electrical;
- hydraulic.
Most often, models with electric drives are used in construction. They are affordable, environmentally friendly and easy to use.
There are a large number of variations of devices of this type, but almost all of them consist of:
- lifting device,
- mobile platform;
- equal-speed drive wheels.
To build a scissor crane yourself, you will need to make the base and platform of the apparatus from a channel. To make scissors you will need:
- two-section distributor;
- bushings;
- pump;
- hydraulic cylinder;
- I-beams.
A DIY scissor crane is capable of lifting loads weighing up to half a ton. This device is installed on the UAZ, and after operation it is removed. The basis of the structure will be a thick square bolted to the frame, and the retractable pores will be held on the car bumper.
Crane Pioneer
The Pioneer type lift has excellent technical characteristics. It is light in weight and distinguished by maneuverability and mobility. To the benefits of this device This includes the ability to quickly and easily assemble and disassemble.
To deliver the device to the construction site, it can be disassembled and folded into a simple gazelle. After work, it can also be easily disassembled and transported back. The crane can be installed anywhere: on the ground, in a pit, on a roof, on building floors.
This special equipment is produced by different companies in three main modifications of cranes, lifting capacity, and booms.
If necessary, you can make a Pioneer crane yourself, having with you the necessary Consumables, tools, a well-written drawing and free time.
As for the scope of application of the Pioneer, it can be used to move various objects in any weather conditions. It is capable of delivering cargo to any floor or building structure. With its help you can deliver: tools, equipment, building materials and the like.
Quite often this device is used when installing roofs. With it you can quickly lift various loads, machines, metal constructions, materials.
Advantages of the Pioneer crane
The main advantages of the Pioneer crane include:
- ease of use - thanks to a simple and reliable design;
- the ability to assemble and disassemble the device within half an hour;
- mobility, allowing the unit to be used even at distant sites;
- low energy consumption.
Important: The Pioneer crane is capable of rotating the boom 360 degrees.
But this unit also has its drawbacks:
- it is capable of lifting a weight of no more than 1 ton;
- if you hang a flexible load on it, it is not always convenient and safe.
Do-it-yourself Pioneer crane
The Pioneer crane has a simple design. It consists of the following elements:
- Main support frame. It can be dismountable, bolted or standing on wheels. The second rotating frame is attached to it;
- Safety guy ropes, cargo ropes, electric drive;
- Swivel boom. It can be dismountable or bolted;
- End stop mechanism. It is located at the end of the boom;
- A limit switch located on the mechanism responsible for lifting the load.
So, if you started construction on personal plot, but you don’t have the desire or financial means to hire special equipment, try assembling the crane yourself. With it, you don't have to lift heavy loads yourself.
Attention: The Pioneer construction crane is a collapsible structure designed to lift loads. It can be used when digging a foundation pit for a house, installing a roof, or constructing walls at high altitudes.
The basis of the mechanism is a supporting running frame, which is installed either permanently or on a chassis. The part of the crane that rotates is installed on the frame. You can rotate the boom manually or electric.
The load of this device is lifted using a winch, and stability is achieved thanks to a counterweight and turnbuckles (steel cable stays).
Materials and tools
To make the device we need following materials, which can be found in the garage or in a specialty store:
- rectangular pipe;
- I-beam;
- telescopic unit for I-beam;
- small diameter cables;
- channel;
- electric motor;
- winch.
Tools you will need:
- keys;
- hammer;
- Screwdriver Set.
Design diagram
To make a Pioneer faucet with your own hands, you need to make a competent diagram. It should strictly indicate: materials of manufacture, dimensions of each individual element, methods of fastening parts.
When creating a diagram of a future design, it is worth carefully calculating everything. If you don’t quite understand this, it’s better to invite a specialist. Having a well-designed diagram in your hands, you can independently manufacture and assemble the device in the shortest possible time.
Assembly Features
As for the assembly of the product:
- The crane frame is assembled from a corner 63x63x5 mm.
- For a 5-meter boom, a pipe with a diameter of 5–8 cm is required.
- To strengthen the structure, you will need 2 corners, measuring 30x30x3 mm.
The carrying capacity of such a device will be 150 kg. If the ropes are strengthened, it will be possible to lift heavier loads.
Attention: Making an electric faucet at home is quite difficult. It will be more expensive and take longer.
When choosing an I-beam, you should make sure that it fits freely into the pipe. It will be installed on sliding guides, resulting in a telescopic unit.
In order for a homemade crane to function well, you will need to equip it with small diameter cables. They are best purchased at a specialty store. For welding supporting structure and a rotating frame, it is necessary to use a channel.
Thanks to it, the crane will be well fixed to the surface. For safe operation of the device, it is recommended to weld the platform into a rectangle.
To start it lifting process, you will need to purchase an electric motor and connect it to a winch from an UAZ.
Attention: If you want the electric motor to start electrically, invite a specialized technician. Despite the fact that this procedure is not particularly complicated, for safety reasons it is better to use the services of a professional.
That's the whole process of assembling a Pioneer crane with your own hands.
Specifications
The manufacture and assembly of the Pioneer construction crane has a lot of positive aspects. Installing it on a construction site will help you save on the number of construction workers. With it you can lift roofing materials, timber, working tools and equipment to the required height.
After assembly homemade device You can see its technical characteristics:
- The load capacity of the device can vary between 0.5–1 ton. It all depends on the materials used during assembly.
- The height of the crane will be 4 meters.
- The platform can rotate 360 degrees.
In conclusion, it is worth noting that when starting construction on a personal plot, in order to save money, try to assemble special equipment with your own hands. Of course, you will spend your free time on such manipulations, but you can save a lot. Even large construction companies do not always buy special equipment. They usually resort to renting units.
Many people believe that building a house from 6-meter timber alone is a fantasy task. Nevertheless, it is quite possible to do this, but you will have to use an assistant crane, which is quite possible to build yourself.
Because the wooden beam Quite bulky and heavy, it will be quite difficult to lift it yourself. With the help of a crane, in turn, the timber can be placed at the cutting site, and also, with the help of its functions, you can quite successfully lift the sawn timber onto the base of the house.
For frame homemade crane Any type of scrap metal will do. At the same time, it can be made from ordinary corners measuring 63x63x5 millimeters.
A five-meter pipe with a diameter of 50 millimeters was used as an arrow; also, the design feature implies that in the future it will be possible to extend the arrow by several meters. This design is reinforced with metal corners 30x30x3.
The maximum weight lifted by the crane is 150 kilograms. However, the design feature of this crane allows it to lift loads weighing half a ton, but for this it will be necessary to increase the multiplicity of the pulleys.
The principle of operation of the pulley is similar to the operating features of the gearbox: to achieve greater power, it is necessary to provide the appropriate length of the rope, which, accordingly, will need much more. As a result, the speed of lifting the load will slow down, but the crane will be able to lift much more.
One of the main characteristics of the gearbox is gear ratio, the pulley, in turn, must have a multiplicity - the ratio of the number of “rings” on the cable with those running off the drum. Based on this, in the case when 5 turns are wound on a homemade crane, the pulley is fivefold. In other words, lifting a half-ton load requires the same force as lifting a 100-kilogram load.
What is special about a homemade lifting mechanism?
It is worth noting that the manufacture of all components and mechanisms of a homemade assistant crane is a labor-intensive and tedious process, requiring a huge amount of time. Thus, to produce all the components of the crane, it will take at least a week, and for assembly finished device and its calibration will take another two to three days. A six-fold pulley was used as a rotation drive, and the boom lift drive, in turn, was represented by a double mechanical pulley.
Specifically in this device, rotating platform made of two faceplates, and the crane itself was assembled from scrap materials, so it is not surprising that its axis is 30 mm. a bolt made of steel that does not have high strength. This decision is due to the fact that high-strength steel is practically impossible to weld: if the tensile strength is exceeded, such a bolt immediately bursts, it can neither be stretched nor bent. It is advisable to lubricate the components of a homemade faucet with a small amount of lithol. To reduce the weight of the counterweight, 2-meter support legs are installed in the crane.
When calculating the components in the manufacture of this device, it is necessary to take into account that with the average radius of the part responsible for the rotation, as well as the distance to the counterweight with the specified mass, a tensile load will act on the main bolt (which, naturally, will be much greater during operation). Before using the crane, you must carefully check the stability indicators.
Blocks for the lifting mechanism can be made from two large and one small washers. Such blocks will be stable. It is extremely important that the cable has the necessary flexibility, or that the blocks themselves have a diameter corresponding to the rope, because when lifting the boom without a load, the rope can fly out of the block, which will be very unpleasant.
A thick cord with a diameter of 15 mm was used as a cable. It is planned that in case of extension, a more flexible 5 mm one will be installed on the tap. cable with a working load of 150 and a breaking load of 850 kg. Such a crane allows you to build a log house almost single-handedly, as well as do a huge amount of other construction work.
Today we will tell you how to build a jib crane with your own hands. But first, a few words about how this design differs. So, jib cranes are used to lift moderate loads and are ideal for servicing construction sites. Moreover, they are also used in other areas of industry - mechanical engineering, machining shops, etc. Such a wide range of operation is explained by the possibility of working in wall conditions, that is, in limited space.
Types of jib crane
There are two types of such cranes.
Mobile structures consist of a frame resting on two wheels and moving along special guides. The console itself is attached to the frame.
Stationary structures are mounted on walls or special columns. It is typical that the column can be installed on the base of the building. At the same time, cranes come in one- and two-arm types (depending on the type of support), and also have different lifting capacities.
The project described is non-standard, but to implement it you will only need two assistants. The procedure begins with drawing up a project.
Attention! All elements are adjusted for CNC gas cutting, as this is the cheapest option.
Technical task
Installation, loading/unloading by four people.
Lifting height 5 meters.
Seven meter console.
Load capacity – from 0.6 tons.
Installation without the use of special equipment.
Drafting
The crane will rest on three legs of a “twentieth” I-beam, secured with flanges made of 1.4-centimeter steel and M-16 bolts. A thick-walled pipe is used as a shaft. The legs are equipped with additional spacers.
Drawing
To create a drawing, use AutoCAD, but round off all dimensions. Finished files from the program go directly to the CNC.
Welding
To weld all the elements you will need yourself welding machine, a current of 220A and five electrodes. When aligning, use a mounting level. All this will take a maximum of one day.
Assembly of the structure
For convenience, dig pits for the legs; carry out the assembly while lying down (this will take about a few hours). To lift the crane you will need a truck, a cable and a beam. Attach one end of the cable to the truck, the other to the crane. Using a truck, pull the cable through the beam until the structure stands on its feet.
