Staircase on bowstrings: features of the installation of the structure (fastening and installation of the bowstring). Fastening wooden steps to a concrete staircase

When choosing a design option for a staircase in a private house, you should pay attention to the stairs on bowstrings. This is perhaps the most classic way to perform. In addition, such a staircase can be made without risers, which will reduce material costs and facilitate construction. Of course, everyone knows what the steps look like. But here's how to properly cut the bowstring for attaching them? We will talk about this below.

What is a bowstring

The bowstring is a support bearing beams, located on the sides, with grooves cut into inside. The grooves are designed for mounting steps. There are usually two such load-bearing beams. But if the ladder on one side adjoins the wall, then in this case only one on the opposite side is required. From the side of the wall, fastening is carried out on the bolts.

There are stairs on a string with risers and without (open). At the same time, their absence will make the design lighter and less expensive, but in terms of reliability, it will be inferior.

Material

As a building material for the bowstring of the stairs, wood or metal is most often used. Reinforced concrete is also suitable, but at home it will be difficult to make such a bowstring.

The best option is probably wood. Such a staircase looks great and there is no need to work with welding, which can ruin appearance the presence of seams.

When choosing wood, you should pay attention to the following species:

Coniferous. The disadvantage of spruce, pine, fir and cedar will be the release of resin. This can affect how evenly the paint will lie. Although such breeds look great in natural color. In addition, they have good technical characteristics.
Deciduous. This type of wood is chosen most often due to the ease of processing and painting. Among them are oak, maple, cherry and beech.

When choosing lumber for a future bowstring, it is necessary to calculate its dimensions so that the beam turns out to be solid, without splicing. The length and width must be in accordance with the design guidelines.

Bowstring calculation

For the calculation, a formula is used that depends on the step length. There are several rules for competent calculation:

The human step is 63 centimeters long. Based on this, the optimal ratio will be in the formula for calculating: 2 step heights + step depth = 63 ± 3 centimeters.
The most comfortable slope of the stairs is 30-40 degrees.
The optimal step depth parameter is 28-30 centimeters. In the case when the bowstring is unable to provide the required depth, the step is made wider, compensating for the lack of a ledge.
The optimal step height parameter is 15-20 centimeters.

As for the dimensions of the bowstring, they will depend on how long the future has. At the same time, there are standard sizes. A wooden support beam 90 centimeters wide must have a thickness of at least 4 centimeters and a width of 30 centimeters. A suitable level for cutting grooves is 2-3 centimeters.

It must be understood that the distance between the grooves and their width on the inner plane of the bowstring will set the characteristics of the span - the width and height of the step. In addition, these parameters also affect the angle of the slope of the stairs.

The minimum beam width will be 27.5 centimeters. This value is due to the need to leave a strip of bowstring above and below the steps with a width of at least 5 centimeters.

When marking the bowstring, it is taken into account that the number of steps will actually be less than the calculated one. This happens because the last rung of the stairs is the floor of the second floor. To mark the bowstring, you can use a ruler or a corner. But in this case there is a risk of error formation. It is best to prepare a special template.

Steps can be positioned relative to the bowstring in the following ways:

The reference line is missing. For such a bowstring, the grooves are made open.
With baseline. In this case, the tie-ins are made closed.
With a reference line, but without tie-ins, but with the use of a support mount, overlays, corners.

The reference line is a line drawn along the entire length of the beam edge. It is located at a certain level, but not less than 50 mm. from the edge.

After all the details of the stairs are ready, it is necessary to treat them with antiseptics and soak them with a primer.

Manufacturing instructions

Before starting work, it is necessary to make calculations and prepare the required material. Next, markup is done. After that, you can start manufacturing.

The work will be carried out using the following tools:

rulers, building level;
jigsaw;
manual milling machine;
drills;
hammer with a rubber tip.

The grooves are cut out after marking with a manual milling machine. These works will prepare the bowstring of the stairs for the installation of steps.

After that, the installation of the structure is carried out. The string of the stairs will adjoin two surfaces - the landing of the first floor and the ceiling or half of the second floor.

The maximum load in the design of the stairs falls on the lower support. There is a load at the top support vertical type if there are horizontal supports on the site.

The bowstring can be fastened against the wall. In this case, it is necessary to carefully measure the beam and saw off the top and bottom, where the supports pass to the floor and cross beam opening.

Most often, a design with mortise is used. grooves in support board make two centimeters. At the same time, it is important that they are all the same and even - this will help to avoid the "walking" of the step. It is best to use a template to mark the distance evenly. Plywood is suitable for its manufacture, to which planks are nailed with an indent of 5 cm from each corner.

Grooving can be done by hand, but it is better to cut the holes with a router. manual machine using a stencil.

Stencil making:

A pair of bars is nailed so that they are parallel to the edge of the bowstring. It is necessary to maintain a distance between them equal to the width of the bowstring.
A stencil is placed to draw a reference line coinciding with the beam.
The stencil for steps is placed on the template for milling.
Align support lines.
Draw lines corresponding to the sides of the tread.
The stencil for the step is moved to the tread line, circling the resulting markings with a marker.

After that, proceed to cutting holes. A jigsaw or drill is suitable for this. With their help, it is necessary to make holes a little larger than necessary. After that, the bowstrings are placed on the goats, and markings are applied using a stencil. Hole with a diameter of 15 or 20 mm. cut with a milling machine. In the corners pass with a chisel.

Installation is carried out in the following order:

A march is assembled, which is laid on its side so that the wall bowstring is placed below. After that, a line is drawn from the inside of the riser and the upper step.
Next, a line is drawn connecting the rear edge of the frieze tread to the level of the plinth. Often this line is 7.5 cm long.
Now you need to remove the top riser. The bowstring is sawn off along the guides.
The lower part of the beam is sawn off parallel to the floor line.
Before installation, a recess is made located on the upper support post. This notch is used to push the rack onto the top floor. The recess is made during the installation of the finished march.

March Position Calculation

The bowstring is attached to both support posts with the help of tongues in special pre-made grooves.
To increase the reliability of fastening the stairs, it is necessary to fix the march to the beams. This is done with screws through the support posts. Fastening to the wall is made through a bowstring.

The bowstring can be fixed to the floor in two ways.:

The support post is installed in a pre-prepared hole in the floor screed.
The support post is installed using steel anchors. This option is the easiest to implement.

Installing stairs to the second floor is a long and costly process. To make it as easy as possible, you need to properly prepare. For more convenience, preparatory work can be divided into 3 stages:

design (creation of a drawing);
selection of necessary materials;
preparation of tools.

Installation of a spiral staircase: a brief description

Since the form screw design differs from marching varieties, the installation principle is different here. It is recommended to install such a staircase to the next floor in the following order:

a drawing is made;
based on the calculations, structural elements are made;
in the selected place, the lower support assembly is installed and attached to the floor;
a vertical stand is inserted into the node;
steps are pinched (or put on it) in a tripod;
a platform is installed at the floor level of the second floor and a support rod is fixed;
balusters are inserted into the holes on the steps, on which the railing is put on.

Finished installation spiral staircase

It requires a careful approach and attentiveness from the master. Incorrect calculation or poor-quality fixation of elements can adversely affect the strength and durability of the structure. For this reason, the assembly of the ladder structure must be carried out with special care.

Attach wooden steps to concrete stairs should be such that the created structure ensures the safety of movement along it. At the same time, the structure itself should not be knocked out of existing interior, but harmoniously fit into it. Let's figure out how to achieve this.

Wooden steps - we will ennoble the stairs made of concrete>

Concrete stair structures are considered to be the most durable and reliable. Such structures serve for many decades, withstand serious loads without problems. You can build them yourself by building using publicly available and inexpensive Construction Materials- sand, cement, gravel. The disadvantage of any concrete staircase is that it does not look the best from the outside. This problem is easily solved. You can decorate the building with any decorative material starting from natural stone and tiles, and ending with fibreboard or natural wood.

wooden stairs

Owners of private houses most often use solid wood for facing staircase structures made of concrete. It costs a lot. But the results finishing works made with this material are, without the slightest exaggeration, amazing. The use of wood allows you to create a special atmosphere of luxury and chic in your home. Finishing the stairs with solid wood, in addition, has a number of important advantages. natural material:

perfectly protects the structure from operational damage (concrete spalling):
makes it possible to mask the defects of the base;
accumulates heat;
causes pleasant tactile sensations (wood is very pleasant to the touch).

Caring for wooden steps is quite simple. At the same time, their service life is calculated for many years. True, for this you will have to take care of the material in advance - treat it with special impregnations that protect products from the sun and moisture.

Choosing the type of wood for finishing - what are the options?

You can improve the concrete stairs different wood. The cheapest is an array of pine. Such products are easily processed with their own hands, they are light in weight, which facilitates the installation of steps. But you need to understand that pine boards strength qualities are not ideal in operation. With intensive use of the stairs, they quickly fail and lose their attractive appearance. The durability of pine structures is also negatively affected by the changeable microclimate in the room. The boards dry out and loosen with temperature changes, and also lose their initial properties under the influence of moisture.

Wood for stairs

For these reasons, more often steps are made of walnut, oak, maple, larch, beech and birch. If your budget for finishing the stairs is not limited by anything, you can choose more expensive types of wood - iroko, lapacha, merbau, wenge, teak. Their exotic appearance is complemented by excellent performance. The most durable are beech products. Steps from this wood are mounted for centuries. But processing a beech array is very difficult. It is almost impossible to cope with this material on your own. You may have a lot of problems when installing steps from it.

It is easier to work with oak boards. In terms of strength, they are not much inferior to beech, but they are processed much easier.

There is also a problem here - the high cost of solid oak. Not everyone can afford to buy a similar material for finishing a concrete staircase. There is an exit! You can use instead of oak products those made from larch. They are cheaper in price, and in most respects they are identical to solid oak. Choose the material for cladding structures, taking into account your financial capabilities and personal preferences, and then you can get an impeccable staircase in all respects in your home. It will decorate the interior of the house and give you a feeling of comfort.

Installation of steps - starting with a concrete base and substrate

The first step is to prepare the concrete base. If the staircase was built by professionals, there will, of course, be no significant defects on its surface. In this case, it is enough for you to level the base using easy-to-use. If there are noticeable height differences on the surface of the structure, you will have to additionally work on the stairs. You have to mount a special substrate under each step. They make it out of plywood. Such a substrate and concrete base will be able to qualitatively align and, in addition, will protect the structure from mechanical stress, acting as a shock absorber.

Installation of steps

You need to purchase 1-1.5 cm thick plywood sheets, cut out substrates from them, focusing on the dimensions of the steps. Then prime the surface of the stairs well, apply to pieces of plywood (with reverse side) glue for wood and mount them in the intended place. Be sure to check the correct position of the substrates on the staircase building level. Plywood should be additionally fixed. Adhesive for secure fixation of substrates to concrete steps won't be enough. Fastening plywood products is usually done with dowels. They are installed on both sides of the steps. Decide on the number of hardware required, remembering that the plywood must be firmly attached to the base.

Installation and fastening of the "clothes" for the stairs - we perform together

Now cut out the treads and risers from the wood of your choice, focusing on the dimensions of the stairs. Installation wooden products always starts from the bottom of the structure in the following way:

At the bottom of the riser (at the end), drill three holes. Their depth is taken about 1.5 cm, the cross section is not more than 0.5 cm. The holes should be located in the middle of the riser and on both sides of it.
Screw 6 mm bolts into the holes made. They will play the role of anchors. Their ends must protrude above the structure by about 7–8 mm.
Bite off (cut off with a grinder) the bolt heads.
Substitute the riser to the first step (to its end), mark on the floor the places where the anchors fall, drill holes in the intended areas. Then you need to fill the resulting "holes" with resin (epoxy).
Mount the riser in the place intended for it. Attach this element to the plywood substrate using liquid nails. Lubricate a piece of plywood with this adhesive, and then carefully place a riser on it (the screwed anchor bolts must be inserted into the holes that were made on the floor).

Arrangement wooden steps

Some craftsmen attach the risers and plywood with universal self-tapping screws or nails of suitable size. This option can also be used. But such work should be done as carefully as possible so as not to damage the wood and rather thin plywood products. The next step is to install the tread. To do this, you need to cut a special groove in it. It will be located at the junction point of the end (upper) of the already mounted riser and the installed tread.

Now everything is easier. Attach the next riser to the second end of the mounted tread (you need to fix it with self-tapping screws). Then coat the groove and the plywood backing with adhesive and install the first stage. In order for it to grab well, it is advisable to put something heavy on it. The rest of the steps are installed in the same way. After installing the wooden steps, be sure to seal the gaps on them and sand them. After sanding, you can treat the wood with stain. When it dries, apply varnish to the steps. The latter is usually used three times. Varnish the steps once, wait for the composition to dry, then repeat the procedure twice.

As you can see, there are no serious difficulties with the process of finishing a concrete staircase with wood. The main thing is to follow the recommendations described and properly fix the steps using liquid nails and other hardware (nails, screws, dowels). The result of your work will be a smartly designed concrete staircase.

Simple but elegant design will fit into any interior

Despite the wide variety of flights of stairs, in the modern world, most people prefer exactly classic options stairs. Indeed, a classic is a time-tested quality, and here you can be sure of the convenience and reliability of the design. Therefore, it is often stairs on bowstrings that are often found in private houses.

The bowstring ladder has enough simple design. Feature of this type of stairs are mortise steps installed in special grooves. That is, recesses are made in the side load-bearing beams, into which steps are inserted. In fact, this is the main difference from products on stringers, when the steps are superimposed on the supporting beam, and not inserted into the grooves.

The principle of fastening the steps of a ladder on a bowstring

To avoid the divergence of the bowstrings (the guides of the stairs where the steps are installed), are used special mounts. The following are commonly used as fasteners:

wooden strands (less reliable);
metal cords with a wide gasket.

The scheme of fastening stairs on a bowstring

Due to the design features, they are most often found. However, in Lately start dating plastic models. Also, in some cases, combined varieties are used. For example, plastic load-bearing beams with wooden steps, or vice versa. Due to the ease of manufacture, stairs with mortise steps are used everywhere. In most cases, they can be found in private houses or in small summer cottages.

Popularity wooden stairs on bowstrings is also due to the fact that it is quite simple to assemble such a ladder, but it looks great

True, not everyone can make such exquisite spiral staircases.

The creation of such ultra-modern compositions of metal and glass is the prerogative of professionals.

But, rather general points, it is worth moving on to an overview of the positive and negative sides.

Advantages and disadvantages

Building quality. Despite the prefabricated structure, with a careful approach and unhurried work, such products can serve for decades.
Variety of forms. Depending on the free space and the height of the room, the staircase on the bowstrings can be spiral, rotary (G or U-shaped), rounded or have a classic straight look.

Turning stairs on one bowstring and bolts look very impressive

Wide range of design possibilities. In addition to the variety of forms, there are many design solutions. For example, the free placement of balusters ("pillars" of railings) or the manufacture of steps without risers.

The combination of materials allows you to create beautiful and original designs.

Perhaps the only drawback of stairs on a string is the high requirements for accurate calculations and quality of work. Incorrect design or poor fastenings can reduce the reliability of the connection. As a result, the load-bearing beams may disperse, and the steps may fall out of the grooves.

Advice! If you thought complex structure(like an ornate spiral staircase), we recommend contacting specialists. It is quite difficult to design and build such a staircase with your own hands without experience.

Docking types

For the production of stairs on a bowstring, several options for joining steps and a bowstring are used. However, before studying the types of fasteners, it is necessary to determine what a tread and a riser are:

a tread is a horizontal part of a step on which a person's foot rests when descending or ascending;
riser (or riser) is the vertical part of the step, which gives additional rigidity and strength to the structure.

The structure of steps on bowstrings

Flights of stairs can be made without treads. Based on this, it is worth highlighting several options for fastening the steps and the bowstring - the carrier beam:

solid step - grooves are made in the bowstring for tread and riser, which together form a right angle;
one-piece step with an overhang - recesses are also cut out in the supporting beam for both parts of the step, but for greater rigidity, the horizontal part protrudes slightly above the vertical one;
one-piece version with wedging - wedges are inserted into the recesses for the steps and treads for better fastening;
free option - step without riser;
free step with wedges - similar to the previous version, but using wedges.

Recently, steps without risers have become increasingly popular.

Material used

Diversity modern materials opens up great opportunities for creating stairs on bowstrings. However, wood is the most commonly used material for this type of stairs. The reason for this popularity lies in the good resistance of the material to loads and negative influences. For some people, a significant plus is that working with wood does not require complex and expensive equipment, and the cost of the material itself remains low.

Experienced craftsmen make luxury stairs out of wood

But, most often, there are simpler designs.

The most popular types of wood are:

deciduous varieties (for example, oak, cherry, beech) - expensive, but beautiful and durable species;
coniferous varieties (spruce, pine or cedar) - cost less, however, due to the release of resin, there are problems with painting.

In addition to wooden products, the following types of flights of stairs are also used:

metal - especially durable, but not suitable for every interior;

Most often, spiral staircases on a bowstring are made of metal.

Stairs made exclusively of metal are often used in public buildings and in industries.

Building such a ladder is not easy, but the result is worth it.

The combination of wood and glass looks quite original.

And, of course, a spectacular “duet” of glass and metal

Instructions for creating

Despite the simplicity of the design, in the manufacture of stairs on a bowstring, certain rules should be followed. Otherwise, due to poor stability or lack of strength, the flight of stairs may break. Therefore, in order to avoid additional costs and injuries, it is necessary to work strictly according to the instructions.

Design

The main difficulty in creating a flight of stairs on bowstrings is design. First of all, you should calculate the length and height of the structure, taking into account the following points:

step height should be from 15 to 20 cm;
optimal tread width - 30 cm;
comfortable span width - from 90 to 110 cm;
so that during the descent or ascent you do not have to bend down, the clearance height should be at least 200 cm;
incline flight of stairs should be from 30 to 40 °;
the best height of the fence is 90 cm;
the minimum height of the bowstring is 30 cm, the thickness is 4 cm.

Your drawing should show the future staircase in 3 projections

In addition to general points, the type of step, as well as the type of connection with the bowstring, is of great importance.

"Crib" for designing stairs

Manufacturing

To create a flight of stairs on bowstrings, certain skills are not required. The main thing is accuracy and accurate calculations. However, in this case, you can not do without special tools:

ruler (preferably metal or engineering);
level;
jigsaw;
manual milling machine or a chisel with a hammer;
drill or screwdriver;
several metal corners

The process itself is as follows:

on two bowstrings make markings under the steps;
with a milling machine or a chisel, make recesses under the steps;
install load-bearing beams and fix them to the floor using metal corners;
cut and grind steps;
grease the grooves with carpentry glue and install steps in them;
make several through holes in the bowstrings;
insert steel or wooden strands into the holes and secure them with nuts with wide spacers;
at the beginning and end of the span, install a vertical beam on which the railing will be attached;
treat the flight of stairs with a primer from rotting or fire.

Manufacturing process turning stairs on a string At first glance, creating a ladder on bowstrings is not an easy task. However, this is one of the most simple and uncomplicated designs that do not require a transcendent skill.

IN country house you can’t do without a flight of stairs, this element of the interior allows you to correctly zone the room and facilitate access from one room to another. There are two main types of ladder structures: on bowstrings and stringers. The choice of one or another option depends on many factors (room area, financial capabilities of residents, personal preferences, design specifics).

The first type is a classical model and that is why it has a number of undeniable advantages. In this article, we will look at why it is better to choose a ladder on bowstrings, how to make it yourself and avoid mistakes when marking and installing.

What is a stair stringer?

To date, there are several various ways assembly of stairs. Some require professional knowledge and skills, while others are easy and quick to install. The category of easy-to-assemble transitions includes stairs on bowstrings. However, before starting to study the principles construction works, it is worth figuring out what a bowstring for stairs is.

A bowstring for stairs is commonly understood as a supporting supporting structure of a flight of stairs in the form of a beam with special grooves or sockets located on the inside. The main advantage of this type of fastening of steps is the "closing" of the ends, which in turn makes ready product even more attractive.

The bowstring for wooden stairs is the most universal option mounts. Even a novice master can make it, and special impregnations will increase the life of the coating. Wooden stairs are most often found in private buildings, and for public institutions they choose more interesting models from materials such as plastic, stone, metal. They can also alternate different breeds wood.

Bowstring as the base of the ladder structure

It is quite simple to understand what a ladder string is, just look at the end of the product. This element is a support beam with grooves of certain sizes, into which the steps will then be mounted. According to the majority experienced builders, it is the bowstring that is responsible for the strength and durability of marches.

The bowstring serves as a kind of base for the staircase structure. The photo below shows the external differences between the two popular options for fastening the steps (on the bowstring and on the stringer).

Staircase on bowstrings and stringers

As you can see, the stringer is a curved beam that secures the steps from below. To increase the strength of such fixation, special cuts are made. This option is best suited for small spaces, as it has a large bearing capacity and saves free space. Flights of stairs on bowstrings are more massive, but due to the design features, they are easy to manufacture and absolutely safe to use.

Please note that there is different types bowstrings for stairs: straight, curved, spiral. When choosing, one should take into account the operational characteristics of the future march.

Material and dimensions

The first stage involves the selection of lumber in accordance with the established dimensions of the future structure. For this, a construction plan is drawn up in advance and a project is created. In the end, you should end up with a solid beam without splicing. For the manufacture of the base of the ladder structure, various types of wood, metal and reinforced concrete can be used.

Preferred material for self-manufacturing stairs is a tree, the breeds used are very different:

Softwoods such as pine, cedar or spruce. These are affordable and reliable options. But the main disadvantage of such materials is the gradual release of resin, which can interfere with uniform coloring and subsequent varnishing of the span.

Hardwoods such as cherry, beech and oak. This is the best option. Oak products are considered the most reliable, they also do not require special care. With careful operation, such stairs will serve your family for several decades.

If you are only planning the production of a staircase, then you can determine the length of the bowstring based on the flight of stairs. The width of the bowstring should be about 30 cm, thickness - 4-5 cm.

String marking

Marking can be done in two ways:

using a building corner or ruler (there is a high probability of error);

using a special template.

At the beginning of work, it is especially important to determine the preferred option for the location of the steps in relation to the base of the structure.

You can stop at the classic marking method - without a reference line (then the groove remains open), or make the nests closed (that is, reproduce the reference line at a distance of 4-5 cm from the edge of the workpiece). Both methods are great for self assembly stairs, so the choice of one or another option depends only on your personal preferences.

Option for making grooves in bowstrings

On the video: marking the bowstring with your own hands.

It is worth noting that when making a wooden staircase with your own hands, you need to know how to avoid bowstring divergence. For this purpose, certain fasteners are used.

Among the clamps for the bowstring include:

Metal bands with wedges. They are reliable, durable, not suitable for compact designs.

Wooden bands with wedges. Such elements are quickly worn out, but are easy to manufacture.

Screw bands with fixation on nuts. are considered the best option for fastening bowstrings.

Assembling the stairs (string fastening options)

Calculation

When making calculations for the project of a future product, the following features of the ladder structure should be taken into account:

the angle of inclination of the march should be within 30-40 degrees;
the depth of the steps should not be less than 30 cm;
The height of the feet is on average 20 cm.

The calculation of the parameters of the individual components of the stairs is carried out according to the formula, which is based on the step length. The average length of a human step is 63 cm, when applying the formula we get the following results: 63 ± 3 cm (2 step heights + step depth).

Fastening and installation of a bowstring

After all the necessary measurements have been made and calculations of the finished structure have been carried out, the process of manufacturing the mid-flight staircase begins directly. Before that, you need to purchase all the materials and tools that you may need in the process.

For fastening and installation of a bowstring, you will need such devices as:

hammer with rubber tip;
electric jigsaw and drill;
manual milling machine;
roulette, ruler;
building level and square.

If you are going to fasten the bowstring against the wall, and this the best option of the possible ones, it is necessary to measure the wall beam in advance and saw off the lower part. This will allow the bowstring to lie flat on the floor plane. As a result of the actions taken, it will rest on the transverse beam of the opening, which will increase the strength of the entire structure.

To better understand how to fit the bowstring to the wall, watch the video, which clearly shows the whole process.

On the video: setting the bowstring to the wall at the stop.

When making stairs with your own hands, the most difficult question remains - how to fix the steps and make them fit to the bowstring of the stairs. In order to avoid mistakes at this stage of work, we recommend that you use the following instructions:

1. A march is assembled, after which it is laid in such a way that the bowstring is at the bottom. Next, you need to draw a straight line along the inside of the upper step and riser.

2. Another line is made from the back of the frieze tread to the level of the plinth (most often its length is 7.5-8 cm).

3. The next step involves removing the top riser (and remember that the installation of steps is carried out only after all the fittings are completed).

4. If you are attaching the bowstring along the floor line, then at this stage mark a line parallel to the bottom tread, along which the bottom of the beam will be sawn off.

5. Immediately before installing the stairs, experts recommend making a notch on the support post (this will allow the base to fit snugly on the top floor).

Please note that the installation process of a ladder structure with bent bowstrings is somewhat different. Before starting construction work, we recommend that you study the features of fastening steps and watch the video below.

On the video: features of the installation of a spiral staircase on bowstrings.

Do-it-yourself wooden staircase on bowstrings

After preparatory stage work is completed, you can proceed to the most crucial moment - fastening steps and railings. Next, we will take a closer look at the whole process in order to avoid mistakes. Do not forget that the safety of you and your loved ones depends on the quality of the work done. Therefore, if you are not confident in your abilities, it is better to entrust this matter to professionals. To save, choose the maximum simple model stairs and inexpensive materials.

Advantages and disadvantages

Like any design, this ladder model has advantages and disadvantages of operation. Experts include the following important aspects to the advantages:

using a prefabricated structure, you can replace individual sections of the stairs;

simple and quick installation all details (the main requirement is the accuracy of calculations);

wooden models at proper care will serve you and your family for decades;

a wide selection of shapes and sizes (ornate, swivel or L-shaped);

a variety of design solutions (as an example, we can cite the manufacture of steps without risers).

The only drawback of this type of design can be called excessive requirements for the accuracy of calculations and the quality of fasteners. Incorrect design or poor fastenings can significantly reduce the reliability of the ladder, which is fraught with accidents. Beams can part, steps fall out of the grooves, and all your work will go down the drain. Therefore, if money allows, and safety is most important to you, it is better to contact professionals.

Docking types

For the manufacture of this type of stairs can use different ways docking steps and bowstrings. Correctly fixing the parts is not so easy, but initially it is worth determining what a tread and a riser are:

The riser is a vertical element of the step, necessary to give additional rigidity and reliability to the entire structure.

A tread is a horizontal element of a step that a person rests on when ascending or descending stairs.

Flights of stairs can be without risers, but you cannot imagine a staircase without treads. That is why more and more new options for fastening steps and bowstrings are constantly being created. It can be a solid step or a free version without a riser. Note that the second method is becoming increasingly popular.

Step fixing

The process of attaching the steps to the bowstring is quite simple. Processed and sawn to size steps and risers are inserted into the grooves or screwed to the bars, metal corners. So that the structure does not loosen, these parts must be made with special precision and accuracy.

Photo of finished stairs

A wide selection of materials allows you to produce a variety of stair designs. Wooden models are especially popular due to the cheapness and environmental friendliness of the material. Do not forget about long term wood services, as well as the possibility of partial or complete renovation products. Experienced craftsmen make luxurious stairs from wood that will suit any, even the most extravagant interior design.

Which is better: a ladder on bowstrings or stringers?

When choosing a model of an interfloor staircase, certain problems may arise. Especially often the owners country houses they cannot decide which is better - a bowstring or a kosour. First of all, take into account external features details and its application. The kosour is made in the form of a comb, repeating the steps of a flight of stairs with its outlines. Thus, each tread is attached to the upper face, and the riser - to the side.

Unlike the kosour, the bowstring has even lateral outlines. Such a product looks more neat, and the steps are practically invisible, since they are inserted into special grooves or installed on fixed bars. Visually, the ladder on the stringers looks more compact, but the bowstring design is more reliable and safe to use.

When choosing one or another option, pay attention to the layout of the room and the availability of free space. If the issue of saving space is particularly acute for you, then it is better to prefer a ladder on stringers.

Making a staircase on a bowstring with your own hands is not difficult at all, you just need to strictly adhere to the given dimensions. All parts must be treated in advance with antiseptics, their dimensions must be recorded and calculations must be made correctly.