Successful cultivation of clematis. Planting clematis in spring and autumn

Clematis (lat. Clematis), or clematis, or vine- a genus of the Ranunculaceae family, is a woody plant or herbaceous perennial, common in the temperate and subtropical zones of the Northern Hemisphere. There are about 300 species in total, and they are sometimes very different from each other. Greek word"klema" once meant any climbing plant. In home floriculture, clematis vines are most often used. They say that clematis is a plant that can replace an entire garden.

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Planting and caring for clematis (in brief)

Landing: Depending on the size of the seeds, seedlings are sown from December to March. Seedlings are planted in autumn or spring.
Bloom: depending on the variety and type from April to October.
Lighting: bright sun, light partial shade.
The soil: loose, rich in humus, sandy loam or loamy, with a pH value from slightly alkaline to slightly acidic.
Watering: once a week, consumption depends on age: from 10 to 40 liters for each bush. In dry seasons - 2-3 times a week.
Feeding: during the growth period - nitrogen fertilizers, during the budding period - potassium, after flowering - phosphorus. Do not feed during flowering.
Garter: required. The supports must be very strong.
Trimming: regular, mandatory, timing and intensity depend on which group the plant belongs to.
Reproduction: seed and vegetative - by dividing the bush, layering, pinning shoots.
Pests: root-knot and leaf nematodes.
Diseases: verticillium wilt, gray rot, rust, powdery mildew, ascochyta blight and sometimes viral yellow mosaic.

Clematis flowers - description

The types of clematis are very different from each other. Among them there are subshrubs, shrubs, herbaceous perennials, But most of species belongs to the group of lianas. Their root system is of two types: taproot (plants of this group are difficult to transplant) and fibrous. The shoots of the current year in clematis are thin, in herbaceous species these shoots are green and rounded, in woody species they are faceted. Such shoots develop from above-ground buds of old shoots or from the underground part of clematis. Clematis leaves are simple or compound (consisting of three, five or seven leaflets), paired, usually green, but in some species they are purple.

Bisexual clematis flowers are single or collected in inflorescences of different shapes (semi-umbrella, shield, panicle). There are different numbers of petals (actually sepals): from four to eight, and in double forms - up to seventy. U simple shapes in the center of the flower there are many stamens and pistils, which makes the middle look like a hairy spider, often having a contrasting color.

In general, the color range of clematis is very wide: from pale pink to dark red, from light blue to velvet blue and, of course, there are white and yellow shades. Each flower lives for two to three weeks, many varieties of clematis exude a scent reminiscent of primrose, jasmine or almond. The fruits of clematis are numerous achenes.

Growing clematis

Clematis from seeds

In the huge variety of species and varieties of clematis, gardeners are tempted to do the breeding themselves. For those who are interested in growing clematis from seeds, we are ready to provide necessary information about this process.

According to the size of the seeds and the duration of their germination Clematis are divided into three groups:

Clematis with large seeds that germinate for a very long time and unevenly - from one and a half to eight months, or even longer (clematis Durand, Jacquemman, purple, woolly, etc.);
Clematis, the seeds of which are of medium size and germinate within one and a half to six months (clematis whole-leaved, Manchurian, six-petalled, Douglas, Chinese, etc.);
Clematis with small seeds that germinate quickly and amicably - from two weeks to four months maximum (Tangut clematis, grape-leaved clematis, etc.).

In the photo: Clematis seeds

Clematis seeds collected in the current year germinate best, but if you store the seed material in paper bags at a temperature of 18-23 ºC, it will be suitable for germination for four years. In terms of sowing time, the timing is as follows: small seeds are sown in March-April, medium seeds are sown after the New Year holidays, and large seeds are sown immediately after harvest, in the fall or early winter.

At the end of summer, dark gray necrosis may appear on the leaves and shoots, making them velvety and changing their color. In mid-summer, clematis can get sick ascotychosis causing necrotic spots irregular shape on the leaves, or cylindrosporiosis, which “decorates” the leaves with bright yellow spots. Preparations containing copper are effective against all these diseases - 1% solution of copper sulfate, for example.

On the picture:

TO viral diseases Clematis is resistant, but sucking pests can infect the plant with a yellow mosaic of leaves, for which there are no drugs yet, so diseased plants will have to be destroyed. In the future, do not plant clematis next to plants that are easily affected by mosaic - hosta, sweet pea, delphinium, aquilegia, phlox and peony. Sometimes clematis suffer from root-knot or leaf nematodes. When removing rotten specimens, look at the condition of the plant roots, and if you find nodules on the roots, do not plant clematis in this area for several years.

Clematis pruning

Clematis pruning is done both during plant growth, as necessary, to extend the flowering period, and during the winter. If you remember, there are three groups of clematis:

The first group of clematis (group A). In this group, flowers form on last year's shoots, so only weak shoots are pruned. This is done after flowering in June. Before winter, clematis hill up high;
Second group of clematis (group B) It blooms both on last year's shoots and on the current year's shoots. Pruning is done at a level of 0.5-1 m, leaving 2-5 pairs of buds, and weak shoots are cut to the base. The liana is removed from the support, rolled up and carefully laid at the roots;
The third group of clematis (group C) forms inflorescences only on young shoots of the current year; clematis of this group are pruned several times during the growing season. In autumn, all shoots are pruned to ground level or slightly higher.

Clematis after flowering

When will it come deep autumn, you need to think about how your clematis will live in winter. In dry weather, under the base of any clematis in the center of the bush, on the eve of winter, pour a bucket of humus, after removing all the leaves and treating the neck of the plant with a two percent solution copper sulfate. Then you need to hill the clematis to a height of 10-15 cm with sand and ash (250 g of ash per bucket of sand). Cover clematis that need it in a dry way: the shoots are bent or twisted and laid on the base, covered with dry leaves (spruce branches, even crushed foam is used), then covered wooden box So that there is air around the plant, they place roofing felt, roofing felt or other waterproof material on the box, which is pressed down in the corners with stones or bricks so as not to be blown away by the wind, and the whole thing is covered with a 20-25 cm layer of earth or peat on top.

In the spring, the soil and film are first removed, and the spruce branches or leaves are removed only when the threat of frost has passed. The shoots are carefully lifted, straightened and distributed on supports.

Types and varieties of clematis

There are several classifications of clematis: division of clematis into groups M.A. Beskaravainaya, taking into account the origin of the species on the maternal line, the taxonomic system of M. Tamura, the classifications of A. Rader, L. Bailey, V. Matthews and others. Hobbyists and beginners prefer to use the simplest classification of clematis according to the size of their flowers: large-flowered clematis, medium-flowered clematis and small-flowered clematis.

But the most convenient for flower growers is the following international classification:

Clematis, the flowers of which bloom on last year's shoots (group A);
Clematis blooming on both last year's shoots and current year's shoots (group B);
Clematis that bloom only on the current year's shoots (group C).

Let's look at these groups and the clematis varieties that belong to them.

Group one A:

Alpine clematis (Clematis alpina)

A liana reaching a height of 3 m, its leaves are leathery, large, small tubular blue flowers bloom in August. Sometimes used as a border plant. Varieties:

Clematis Artagena Franki– height 2-2.4 m, flowers are bell-shaped, blue with a white center, directed downwards. Winter-hardy;
Clematis Albina Plena– clematis white, double, tall (up to 2.8 m), blooms from May to June;
clematis Pamela Jackman– the length of the shoots is 2-3 m, the flowers are violet-blue, drooping, length – 6-7 cm, blooms from April to June, in the second half of summer it blooms a second time, but not so profusely.

In the photo: Alpine clematis (Clematis alpina) Albina Plena

In the photo: Alpine clematis (Clematis alpina) Artagena Franki

In the photo: Alpine clematis (Clematis alpina) Pamela Jackman

Clematis florida

A tall woody liana more than 3 m high, flowers are single, large, fragrant, mostly light in color. There are two-color varieties of clematis. Popular varieties:

Clematis Vyvyan Pennell– height up to 3.5 m, lilac double flowers 12-15 cm in diameter;
clematis baby– height – 1 m, cross-shaped flowers light-colored purple with a blue tint with a diameter of 10-14 cm;
clematis Joan of Arc– pure white fragrant double flowers of compact size that appear large against the background of a small plant. The plant is frost-resistant, is not afraid of either sun or shade, and almost never gets sick.

In the photo: Clematis florida Joan of Arc

In the photo: Clematis florida Vyvyan Pennell

Mountain clematis (Clematis montana)

A giant liana up to 9 m tall, the leaves are small, sharp, flowers collected in bunches of five on long stalks are white, 4-5 cm in diameter, the stamens are yellow. Doesn't like cold winters. Varieties:

Clematis Rubens– a fast-growing liana up to 6 m long, woody, leaves are trifoliate, pointed, oval, with a bronze tint. Opened red-pink flowers up to 6 cm in diameter are collected in 3-5 pieces. Blooms profusely, loves sun;
Clematis Montana Grandiflora– the length of the shoots of this vine is 5 m, closely spaced trifoliate leaves are arranged in bunches, medium-sized flowers are up to 5 cm, open, with a delicate scent, collected in bunches of several pieces, sepals are white or white-pink, anthers are light yellow. This variety blooms in May-June.

In the photo: Mountain clematis (Clematis montana) Grandiflora

In the photo: mountain clematis (Clematis montana) Rubens

Group two B:

Woolly clematis (Clematis lanuginosa)

Shrub vine up to 2.5 m long, beautiful single flowers up to 20 cm in diameter in white, blue and pink shades. The first time it blooms on last year's shoots in May-June, the second time - at the end of summer, but on new shoots. Popular varieties:

Clematis Madame le culture– shoots 2.5-3 m long, leaves simple or trifoliate, lobed or entire. The flowers are 14-20 cm in diameter, white sepals, light-colored anthers, bloom in July. Winter hardiness is average;
Clematis Hybrida Sieboldii– liana, shoots up to 3 m long, flowers 16 cm in diameter: light lilac sepals with dark edges, red-brown anthers. Blooms from July to September;
Clematis Lawsoniana– shrub vine, shoots up to three meters long, leaves sometimes simple, often trifoliate, oval leaves. The buds look upward, fragrant flowers are up to 18 cm in diameter, the sepals are lilac-violet with a dark stripe in the middle, the anthers are purple. It blooms in May-June, sometimes re-blooming, but weaker, in the fall.

In the photo: Clematis lanuginosa Hybrida Sieboldii

In the photo: Clematis lanuginosa Lawsoniana

In the photo: Woolly clematis (Clematis lanuginosa) Madame le culture

Clematis patens

A shrub vine, the shoots of which reach a length of 3.5 m, the flowers are large, up to 15 cm in diameter or more, the most different shades from white to dark blue, there are bicolor varieties. The shape of the flowers is simple, star-shaped or double. It blooms in May-June on old shoots, and can bloom again in the fall on young shoots. All varieties are afraid of severe cold.

clematis Joan Pikton– length of shoots up to 3 m, very large flowers(up to 22 cm) light lilac with a lilac tint with a light stripe in the center of the petal. The edges of the petals are wavy. The anthers are red. Blooms very profusely;
Clematis Multi Blue– a liana up to 2.5 m high, blue-violet double flowers 14 cm in diameter arranged along the shoot in several tiers. Blooms in June-August.

In the photo: Clematis patens Joan Pikton

In the photo: Clematis patens Multi Blue

Group three C:

Clematis jackmanii

These are clematis obtained from crossing clematis Lanuginosa with clematis Viticella, which are mostly large shrubby vines with shoots up to 4-6 meters long and a well-developed root system. Their leaves are pinnately complex, consisting of 3-5 large leaflets, the buds are elongated, the flowers are single or collected in groups of 3, open, directed to the side and upward, odorless, in all possible shades except white. The flowers of this group reach 20 cm in diameter, although there are varieties with flowers only 8 cm in diameter. Varieties of this group bloom profusely and for a long time on the shoots of this year, which in winter are cut to ground level or a shoot with three to five pairs of buds is left. Popular varieties:

Clematis Rouge Cardinal- a liana with a shoot length of 2-2.5 m with trifoliate leaves, flowers - open, up to 15 cm in diameter, cross-shaped. The velvety sepals are dark purple, the anthers are light purple. Blooms in July-September. Moderately winter-hardy. Clematis "Rouge Cardinal" - winner of many floriculture awards;
Clematis Star of India– a shrubby vine with shoots up to 3 m long. Compound leaves consist of 3-5 entire or lobed oval-pointed leaflets. The flowers are open, up to 15 cm in diameter, the diamond-shaped sepals are juicy purple with a purple stripe along the middle, the anthers are light. It blooms very profusely in the second half of summer;
Clematis Gipsy Queen- a shrub vine, the shoots of which reach 3.5 m. There are about 15 shoots in the bush. The leaves are complex, the buds are raised upward, the flowers are open, up to 15 cm in diameter, the sepals are wide, velvety, bright purple, almost do not fade in the sun, the anthers are dark burgundy, the pollen is also colored. It blooms very profusely from the second half of summer until frost. Not afraid of shade, each shoot has up to 20 flowers. The variety is resistant to fungal diseases;
clematis Bella– shoots are only up to 2 m long, star-shaped flowers 10-15 cm in diameter, waxy, at first light yellow, then become snow-white. The variety is winter-hardy and resistant to fungi. Blooms from July to September.

In the photo: Clematis jackmanii Bella

In the photo: Clematis jackmanii Gipsy Queen

In the photo: Clematis jackmanii Rouge Cardinal

In the photo: Clematis jackmanii Star of India

Purple clematis (Clematis viticella)

The name itself suggests that this species is represented by purple flowers of varying intensities and shades. The flowers of representatives of this species are simple, sometimes drooping, ranging in size from 10 to 20 cm in diameter. The shoots of these vines reach 3.5 m in length, and they grow quickly. Clematis of this species bloom from June to September. Here are several varieties of this species:

clematis Ville de Lyon– a shrub vine, dark brown shoots up to 3.5 m long, in a bush there are up to 15 such shoots. The leaves are compound, consisting of 3-5 whole or lobed leaves, which turn yellow and dry at the base of the shoots. The buds look upward, the open flowers are 10-15 cm in diameter, the peduncles are long. Wide carmine-red sepals fade in the sun in summer; the anthers are bright yellow. Blooms profusely, with up to 15 flowers on each shoot;
Clematis Viola– the shoots of this vine reach a length of 2.5 m, the leaves are trifoliate, it blooms profusely and continuously from July to October with disc-shaped open propeller-like flowers 10-14 cm in diameter. The sepals are dark purple with purple veins, the anthers are pale yellow;
Clematis Polish Spirit– the shoots of this vine are up to 4 m long, strewn with lilac-lilac flowers with a diameter of 8 cm from the end of June until the coldest weather.

In the photo: Clematis viticella Polish Spirit

In the photo: Clematis viticella Ville de Lyon

In the photo: Clematis viticella Viola

Clematis integrifolia

A type of climbing shrubs that do not cling to support. The height of these plants is no higher than 2.5 m, drooping bell-shaped flowers in red, pink, purple, blue and blue shades. Popular varieties:

Clematis Durandii (Durand's clematis)- one of the most beautiful large-flowered species of hybrid origin. A climbing shrub up to only 2 m high, it has brown shoots, of which there are up to fifteen in the bush. The leaves are oval, simple, whole, dense, not damaged by the sun. The flowers are drooping, up to 12 cm in diameter, the sepals are bright purple or juicy blue, fading in the sun, the anthers are pale yellow. Each shoot has up to 15 flowers. This variety blooms from July to October;
clematis Värava– shoots no longer than 2.5 m, star-shaped flowers with a diameter of 12-16 cm, light purple on the inside with a burgundy stripe along the petal, pale purple on the outside with an even lighter middle stripe. Blooms until frost;
clematis Memory of the heart- a subshrub with shoots 1-2 m long, drooping bell-shaped flowers 5-9 cm in diameter, blooms profusely from July until frost (October).

Small-flowered clematis (Clematis flammula)

- a vine with small white fragrant flowers, grows very quickly, reaching a shoot length of up to 5 m, leaves are compound, dark green, pinnate, cross-shaped flowers are collected in inflorescences. Blooms in July-August.

Tangut clematis (Clematis tangutica)

- a fast-growing tall vine that blooms with medium-sized yellow bell-shaped flowers. Produces seeds and does not require shelter in the cold season.

In the photo: Durand's whole-leaved clematis (Clematis integrifolia)

In the photo: Clematis whole-leaved Memory of the Heart (Clematis integrifolia)

In the photo: Tangut clematis (Clematis tangutica) Back

Let's talk about how to grow luxury clematis at the dacha, after all, many experienced and novice summer residents have seen these spectacular flowers, but at the same time we heard that they are capricious to grow. Well, most of these popular garden vines are quite hardy, and if you care for them properly, they can grow successfully in your garden. After all, all they need is water, ash, fertilizing and proper pruning.

Clematis Jacquemant photo

Of course, these flowers do not grow in every dacha, but those who grow them are simply in love with them. This resilient, profusely flowering plant is ready to enhance the most unsightly corner of your garden. Liana is used to decorate the walls of houses, fences and terraces. Even an old, withered tree can “bloom” if such flowers are planted next to it.

Amazing huge flowers and the bush looks decorative even without flowers. And flowering lasts all summer - from early June to August.

Variety “Polish Spirit” combined with hyssop, rose and hosta

Clematis planting and care in open ground.

Indeed, choosing your variety from this variety of luxurious flowers is quite difficult. One is more beautiful than the other - huge, bright, terry, each simply strives to outshine the others in beauty. Each type promises to turn our dacha into a real Garden of Eden! After all, any variety looks beautiful both on its own and in combination with other flowers, especially with.

But, because We plan not just to admire the flower, but to grow it, then we need to know the features of caring for it. It is best to buy seedlings in pots, and when choosing a variety, we first look not at the shape of the flower, but at its group. It is she who will determine how we prune it, how to cover it for the winter and when to expect it to bloom.

Types of clematis by group and pruning method:

First group.
The liana will produce flowers only on last year's shoots. Therefore, if you cut off all the old shoots in the winter or spring, you will never see flowering. Flowers from this group are the most luxurious, fashionable and amazing, but they definitely need to be covered for the winter.
Second group.
In these varieties, flowers appear both on last year's shoots and on new shoots. But, if the variety is double, double flowers appear only on last year’s shoots. Only simple-shaped inflorescences appear on young shoots and with a short break after the first flowers on old shoots.
Third group.
Flowers appear only on young shoots. There is no need to cover it - I cut it almost to the root and that’s it. These species are the most unpretentious - they are ideal varieties for beginners, because... Caring for the liana is simple and straightforward. And although there are almost no terry species in this group, believe me, there is plenty to choose your treasure from.

Variety ERNEST MARKHAM. Group 3, height 2.5 m

When you solve the problem of how to grow healthy clematis, remember that it does not tolerate transplantation at all, so immediately plant them on permanent place. And in this place it can grow for up to 40 years, provided that you have prepared the planting hole correctly.

Clematis Comtesse de Bouchaud photo

How to preserve a seedling before planting.

If you bought your plant in the supermarket in early spring and still need to get to your dacha, or perhaps it’s still too cold to plant, you need to make friends with the plant at home.

Place the pot with the seedling on the sunniest windowsill. Now we must disinfect the soil in the pot, because... here it’s better to play it safe than to hope that it will pass - you don’t want to then treat diseases in our vine. We use Fitosporin for the soil. And in order to support the small vine itself, we use spraying with Epin solution. And for the roots we will buy vermicompost (instructions on the label). We repeat these procedures every ten days.

How to plant clematis yourself correctly.

A seedling in a pot can be transplanted into the soil after the night frosts have passed. Before planting, the pot with the plant should stand outside in the shade for a couple of days to adapt.

The main thing you need to remember is that you need to dig a hole for it that is wide and deep enough - almost the same as for planting an apple tree 60x60x60 cm. If you have close groundwater, do not forget to put a 10-12 cm layer of gravel or broken brick at the bottom of the hole so that the clematis roots do not rot.

Everything depends on how the root system of the plant feels: abundant flowering, brightness of flowers, number of new shoots and buds. And if the root system grows well and develops stably, then everything will be fine. It is necessary to add peat, humus and turf soil to the planting hole, and be sure to add a glass of ash. Mix this nutrient mixture in the pit and compact it lightly. We plant the seedling in a hole at the same level as it grew in a purchased container - the roots cannot be buried too deep.

Clematis Etoile Violette photo

Advice. If you want to get a bush with lush flowering, then you need to take care of the intensive formation of roots. To do this, make a hole in the middle of the hole 10 cm below the general level and plant a seedling in it. At the same time, pour a little sand onto the root collar of the vine to prevent it from being damaged by putrefactive fungi. During the summer, we gradually pour fertile soil into the hole until it is completely equal to the general level landing pit. This way we simulate the formation of roots, and with a strong root system the bush will be healthier and there will be more shoots.

Why doesn't clematis bloom?

Some plant varieties take root very well and can bloom in the first year, others need more time to form the root and therefore they will begin to delight us with flowers only in the second or third year.

Where to plant clematis.

Wet, swampy soils are completely unsuitable for the plant, so we exclude areas where there is stagnant water or water from roof drains for planting them. Such places guarantee fungal diseases and the death of the vine. Also, you should not plant the vine near big trees– the roots of the plant are large and will begin to compete with the huge roots of the tree.

I would like to remind you that the flowers of the vine love a sunny place, and the roots love the shade. Therefore, it is good to plant low-growing flowers next to it or ornamental grasses. For example, hostas are excellent companions for vines. Another option is to mulch the roots. Pine needles, sawdust or straw are ideal as mulch.

Features of watering.

When watering, we try not to water the plant in the center. It is better to make a hole at a distance of 15-30 cm from the stems and pour water into this hole. If you water randomly in the center of the bush, you will quickly see how your shoots will begin to wither - this means that Wilt disease (withering) has appeared and after that the plant can only be pulled out and burned, disinfecting this place with a solution of copper sulfate. Therefore, it is better not to let this happen.

How to feed clematis.

Clematis Hania photo

The plant throws out a large mass of flowers over the course of a season, so the bush cannot do without serious feeding. Once every 10 days it must be supported with fertilizers that promote lush flowering. This is Agricola for flowering plants, Agricola Fantasy, Grow-Up, Effecton for flowering plants.

In the fall, be sure to feed the plant in winter: 1 tbsp. spoon of superphosphate and 1 tbsp. spoon of potassium sulfate per 10 liters of water - move carefully. Pour one bucket of this solution per mature plant, then next spring the flowers will bloom faster and will delight you until the fall.

Tricks of experienced gardeners for lush flowering.

To grow beautiful clematis, you need to be aware that they are real gluttons, they should not be fed, but fed regularly and plentifully!

When to feed clematis. Fertilize the vine once every 10 days with small portions of fertilizer, always in liquid form. We begin fertilizing in May, when shoots begin to grow.
What to feed:
- 1 tbsp. spoon of ammonium nitrate per 10 liters of water or
- cow manure in a ratio of 1:10, or
- bird droppings in a ratio of 1:15 or
- 2 tablespoons of vermicompost per 10 liters of water.
  We use one bucket of solution per bush.
How to fertilize. Alternate mineral fertilizers with organic ones. When the buds appear, give organic and mineral fertilizers at the same time.
We protect from pests. If the soil is acidic, to prevent wilt disease, you need to deacidify it with lime milk (200 g of lime per 10 liters of water). Ash is also suitable for these purposes.
We strengthen the plant. These garden vines they love growth stimulants - so spray them with Epin extra once every 10 days. This protects them from stress, helps them successfully survive spring frosts and makes shoots grow more actively.

How to propagate clematis by cuttings and shoots.

There are three ways: cuttings, shoots and dividing the bush.

Clematis Hagley Hubrid photo

Propagation by cuttings. We prepare cuttings at the moment of bud formation, place them in Kornevin’s solution and, when roots appear, plant them in loose soil. Keep in mind that the average percentage of root rooting ranges from 10 to 60%, depending on the variety.

Method of propagation by shoots gives a higher percentage of rooting. Some of the vine branches, falling to the ground, begin to form roots. If at this time, without cutting off the shoot from the branch, you place it in the soil in a peat pot, then in a month you will be able to separate a healthy rooted seedling from the main bush. It is important to water the seedling in the pot abundantly.

Dividing the bush assumes that you break an old bush with a shovel into several parts and plant each part in a new place.

How to properly prune clematis to produce more flowers.

The liana definitely needs support, and the mesh cells must be large enough - up to 15 cm, then it is easy to remove the liana from them, trim it and cover it for the winter.

Clematis Blue Angel photo

If you have a plant for the first year, then in the fall it is cut off almost completely - leaving one bud above the ground. This way we stimulate the bush to form new roots and shoots. All subsequent years with the help correct pruning we continue to shape and strengthen it.

How to prune clematis of the first group, which form flowers only on last year’s branches: in the fall we remove the vine from the support, if the bush is thickened, we cut off some of the shoots to the roots, we also cut out weak thin shoots, and cut all other shoots to a height of 1 to 1.5 m.

How to prune clematis of the second group, which form flowers both on last year’s and on new shoots: in the summer after flowering, we cut off the flowering part of the old shoot, in the fall we cut out thickened and weak shoots, trim the remaining shoots at a height of 1-1.5 m, then shorten some of the shoots by another half and we cut some of them very short - this is how we form a lush bush for next year.

How to prune clematis of the third group, where our flowers will only be on young shoots, consists in cutting off the shoots almost completely - up to the first bud.

If the new seedling you bought is of a group unknown to you, prune it as for the second group, and this way you can determine the group of your vine.

Do clematis need to be covered for the winter?

In order to prevent freezing of the lower bud and roots, these vines need to be protected from frost. Therefore, before covering the shoots, we remove all the leaves from them to prevent rotting. Then we remove the mulch at the base of the bush and fill the neck of the vine with compost or peat. After this, we lay out the stems in a circle in a ring, fasten the stems to the ground with thick wire clips, cover the top with mulch and cover with waterproof material, leaving holes for ventilation. In early spring We release the shoots and tie them to a support.

For all their beauty, clematis frighten some summer residents with the difficulties of growing and caring for it. But, if you care for this amazing liana correctly, then you will be able to grow wonderful and luxurious flowers in the country, which look especially beautiful when paired with.

Many gardeners have clematis. The catalog of these plants is huge. Many people like these vines because they grow from June to September. These varieties include Elegy, Viola, Blue Angel, Ernst Markham and Gypsy Queen. At the same time, up to several hundred flowers with a diameter of up to twenty centimeters can bloom on the vine.

When and how to plant clematis?

Clematis should be planted in a permanent place in autumn or spring. IN autumn period it is necessary to take into account the fact that the plant must take root before the onset of frost. When planting in spring, pay attention to temperature regime. After all, night frosts can negatively affect clematis. It is recommended to make holes for planting large, about 60 centimeters deep and the same in diameter. It is advisable to make a drainage layer approximately 10-15 centimeters thick. Use crushed stone or broken brick for this. When planting, it is better to spread the roots over the soil, poured into a mound. Many people make a similar mound from a mixture of sand and earth, and sprinkle the root collar of the plant with sand. Such a measure can prevent clematis from rotting, as well as protect against overheating of the root system in summer and freezing in winter.

Right? Planting scheme, watering, planting care

The optimal distance between plants is approximately one meter. It can be made larger - about 120 centimeters. Then the plants will develop better and be more branched. Be sure to water the clematis abundantly after planting. During further cultivation, it is recommended to regularly loosen the soil to ensure constant air access to the roots. This will also be a great way to harm the plant by depleting the soil.

How to plant clematis? Secrets of flower growers

To be successful, you should follow a few simple rules:

Before planting, it is better to disinfect the purchased seedling in potassium permanganate;

The plant should be planted immediately in a permanent place;

Provide a secure support for the vine. Such a precaution will protect the fragile root system from mechanical damage;

Growing shoots should be tied up as the vine grows;

Clematis are light-loving plants, but the root system should not be allowed to overheat;

To encourage side shoots to grow, pinch off the top of the plant;

It is advisable not to plant clematis in places where winds constantly blow, as strong winds can break the shoots of the plant;

Make sure that growing clematis do not get water from the roof of the building, it will negatively affect the health of the vine. Therefore, it is better to plant them no closer than fifty centimeters from the walls of the building.

That's all you need to know about how to plant clematis.

To ensure abundant growth and good flowering, do not forget to fertilize periodically. It is better to apply fertilizers taking into account the growth phase of clematis.

Now you know: how to plant so that they bring joy, and your plot is constantly blooming.

How to plant clematis

It is preferable to plant clematis in spring or mid-autumn; If this condition is not met, the adaptation period may be quite difficult for the young plant. A signal of opportunity spring planting The first signs of bud swelling may appear, usually observed in mid-April-early May.

So, you have decided to place a magnificent clematis on your site. Planting and care begin with the right choice places for plants. The ideal “home” for clematis is a moderately dry area, protected from drafts and sufficiently illuminated by the sun.

Before planting clematis, the gardener should prepare wide holes about 60 cm deep for the plants, with an optimal distance between the holes of 1-1.5 meters. It is recommended to lay a 10 cm layer of drainage at the bottom of the holes. broken bricks or crushed stone. Then the top fertile layer mixed with 5-6 kg of humus, a couple of handfuls of ash and 50 g of superphosphate is poured onto the drainage. Upon completion of these activities, clematis can be planted.

Procedure for planting clematis

Disinfect the seedling by holding it in a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

Place the clematis in the hole and cover its roots with soil, deepening the root collar of the old plant by 10 cm, and the young seedling by 5-7 cm.

Place a support with a diameter of approximately 1.5-2 cm next to the flower and tie the seedling to it.

Sprinkle the surface of the soil with sand and water the plant generously.

Mulch the soil well where the climatis is planted.

How to care for clematis

The next important stage for the gardener after planting a clematis flower is growing a healthy individual capable of the longest and richest flowering.

Those who know everything about clematis and actively apply their knowledge in practice are probably convinced that with careful care, these flowers can compete in their beauty with the most luxurious exotic inhabitants of the garden.

In the spring, caring for clematis consists of carefully loosening the soil near the flower and mulching it after the first watering: with humus in the northern regions and peat or sawdust in the southern zones. To avoid overheating of clematis roots in hot weather, it is recommended to equip a summer house for the plants in advance.

Proper care of young clematis involves frequent and abundant (two or three buckets per bush) watering the plant in the first years of the flower’s life. Once the plant reaches three years of age, the intensity of watering can be reduced to twice a week, provided there is no severe drought.

Another important nuance caring for clematis means regularly pinching and pruning the shoots of the plant. Thanks to such “procedures” your pet will bloom much more luxuriantly and for a long time.

Feeding clematis performed 3-4 times during the growing season (one bush, depending on its size, may require from 3 to 10 liters of solution):

The flower is fed for the first time in May, after the clematis produces its first shoots. Fertilizer composition: 1 liter of liquid mullein and 1 tbsp. urea per 10 liters of water.

The second feeding of clematis is carried out on the eve of its flowering. Fertilizer components: per bucket of water - 1 tbsp. "Agricola-7" or potassium sulfate.

The third time, clematis should be fed after mass flowering is completed. Optimal composition of feeding: 2 tbsp. "Agricola-Rosa" and organic fertilizer"Flower" for 10 liters of water.

At the end of summer, you can make the 4th fertilizing with fertilizer from the following components: 1 tbsp per bucket of water. superphosphate and potassium sulfate plus 2 tbsp. preparation "Agricola for flowering plants".

In autumn, when the air temperature reaches -5-7°C, clematis must be covered for the winter, having previously installed rigid frames over the lowered or cut shoots of flowers. This measure will prevent plants from freezing under a layer of insulation that has become heavy under the snow. You can use spruce branches, brushwood or dry leaves as insulation.

This is, perhaps, all that their caring owner needs to know about clematis. Take care of your charming green pets, give them at least a little bit of careful attention - and the luxurious blooms of your garden will enchant with their splendor even the most capricious and demanding esthete!

Clematis is classified as a vine plant that helps many housewives realize their dreams of green living decorations for house walls, fences and other buildings. Clematis allows you to succeed in landscape solutions.

The flowering of clematis does not leave anyone indifferent, because... it is truly mesmerizing. Especially if, when purchasing this plant, the variety that was most suitable for you was chosen.

Planting clematis

After the plant variety has been selected and delivered to the site, it is necessary to decide on the location for planting the clematis. Due to the fact that it blooms and grows better in the sun, we choose the sunny side of the house or wall. It is very important that the clematis bushes be located near some kind of structure, because without this there will be nothing for it to cling to, and it will not be able to fully develop.

in the lowlands;
in a damp place;
in a poorly lit nook;
on the plain;
in a draft;
in a place where animals graze.

Planting usually begins in the fall. . It will be favorable to plant clematis at the end of September, while it is still warm. In cold northern parts of the world, it is better to plant in the spring.

Clematis bushes are planted at a distance of 0.65-0.70 m from each other and about 30-40 cm. It is recommended to retreat from the wall near which they are planted.

The hole for planting a clematis bush is dug thoroughly, about 0.55 x 0.55 x 0.55 meters. A mixture of fertilized soil with various useful elements is poured into the pit itself, which will allow clematis to grow for the first years in a comfortable environment.

Filling composition:

peat – 1 bucket;
sand - 1 bucket;
superphosphate - about 100 grams;
compost - 2-3 buckets;
zala, lime - 210 grams each;
mineral fertilizers – 225 grams;

Before filling the hole with this mixture, it is necessary to secure a cutting in the middle of it - a support for clematis. After which the hole is half filled with this earthen mixture and compacted in the form of a mound or tubercle. Clematis sits on top of this hillock so that its roots smoothly descend from the hillock. It turns out that you are planting a plant on a mound. After which the hole is filled completely, lightly compacted and watered. The branch of the rhizome is deepened 10 cm from the surface of the soil. Clematis planted.

Clematis care

Watering young clematis is carried out once every 8-10 days, with a volume of about 20 liters per bush. If the bush is freshly planted, you can use a little less, about 10-15 liters. Adult clematis need to be watered with a volume of about 30 liters per bush. In hot weather, plants need to be watered twice as often.

Support For clematis, a plastic mesh can serve. It is very easy to use, strong and durable. Also, it is lightweight and even a woman can install it, which is very convenient. You can also use strong wire of small diameters, metal carcass and other devices at your discretion.

Fertilizer For clematis in the first year of growth, when the hole is correctly filled with earthen mixture, this soil serves. But in the 2nd and subsequent years it is still necessary to use fertilizer for
stimulating the growth and maintenance of clematis health.

It is necessary to fertilize clematis in the spring with nitrogen, or rather with nitrogen-containing mixtures. It is recommended to check with a specialized store which feeding mixture is suitable for your clematis, depending on its variety and area of cultivation.

At the moment of bud formation, it is necessary to use potassium fertilizers (ash, saltpeter, chalk).

At the moment of flowering, it is necessary to stop all types of clematis fertilizer.

Upon completion of the first and second waves of flowering (approximately August), it is necessary to fertilize the plant with phosphorus fertilizers.

Wintering . With the onset of cold weather, it is necessary to insulate the root area of the plant. To do this, before spring, you can pour a small mound of earth 10 cm high at the rhizome and tightly lay the cut tops of other plants on top of it. Dried flowers work well. This procedure will help protect the rhizome and stem of clematis from frost.

In the spring, it is necessary to rake away the dried flowers and a mound of earth at the root.

Trimming clematis is carried out in autumn and spring. Exist different ways pruning, depending on the plant variety. As a rule, when purchasing clematis, the packaging indicates the method and timing of pruning.

Clematis propagation

In the first year, clematis does not reproduce. It is recommended to start propagating clematis when the plant has become stronger and shows active growth and health. This is approximately the 3rd year.

Clematis reproduce in the following ways: