Successful cultivation of clematis. Planting clematis in spring and autumn

Clematis (lat. Clematis), or clematis, or vine- a genus of the buttercup family, is a woody plant or herbaceous perennial, common in the temperate and subtropical zones of the Northern Hemisphere. There are about 300 species in total, and they are sometimes very different from each other. Greek word"klema" once meant any climbing plant. In home floriculture, it is clematis-lianas that are most often used. Clematis is said to be a plant that can replace an entire garden.

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Planting and caring for clematis (in brief)

Landing: sowing for seedlings is carried out from December to March, depending on the size of the seeds. Seedlings are planted in autumn or spring.
Bloom: depending on the variety and species from April to October.
Lighting: bright sun, light shade.
The soil: loose, rich in humus, sandy or loamy, with a pH value from slightly alkaline to slightly acidic.
Watering: once a week, consumption depends on age: from 10 to 40 liters for each bush. In the dry season - 2-3 times a week.
Top dressing: during the growth period - nitrogen fertilizers, during the budding period - potash, after flowering - phosphorus. Do not feed during flowering.
Garter: required. The supports must be very strong.
Pruning: regular, mandatory, timing and intensity depend on which group the plant belongs to.
Reproduction: seed and vegetative - dividing the bush, layering, pinning shoots.
Pests: gall and leaf nematodes.
Diseases: verticillium wilt, gray rot, rust, powdery mildew, ascochitosis, and sometimes viral yellow mosaic.

Clematis flowers - description

Types of clematis are very different from each other. Among them there are semi-shrubs, shrubs, herbaceous perennials, But most of species belongs to the group of lianas. Their root system is of two types: taproot (plants of this group are poorly transplanted) and fibrous. The shoots of the current year in clematis are thin, in herbaceous species these shoots are green and rounded, in woody species they are faceted. Such shoots develop from the above-ground buds of old shoots or from the underground part of clematis. The leaves of clematis are simple or compound (consisting of three, five or seven leaflets), paired, usually green, but in some species purple.

Bisexual clematis flowers are single or collected in inflorescences of various forms (semi-umbrella, shield, panicle). Petals (in fact, these are sepals) have a different number: from four to eight, and in terry forms - up to seventy. At simple shapes in the center of the flower there are many stamens and pistils, which makes the middle look like a hairy spider, often with a contrasting color.

In general, the color range of clematis is very wide: from pale pink to dark red, from light blue to velvet blue, and, of course, there are white and yellow shades. Each flower lives for two to three weeks, many varieties of clematis exude an aroma reminiscent of primrose, jasmine or almonds. The fruits of clematis are numerous achenes.

Growing clematis

Clematis from seeds

In the huge variety of species and varieties of clematis for gardeners, there is a temptation to do the selection yourself. For those who are interested in growing clematis from seeds, we are ready to provide necessary information about this process.

According to the size of the seeds and the duration of their germination Clematis are divided into three groups:

Clematis with large seeds that germinate for a very long time and unevenly - from one and a half to eight months, or even longer (clematis Durand, Jacqueman, purple, woolly, etc.);
Clematis, the seeds of which are of medium size and germinate within one and a half to six months (clematis whole-leaved, Manchurian, six-petal, Douglas, Chinese, etc.);
Clematis with small seeds, germinating both quickly and amicably - from two weeks to four months maximum (Tangut clematis, vine-leaved, etc.).

In the photo: Clematis seeds

Clematis seeds harvested this year germinate best, but if the seed material is stored in paper bags at a temperature of 18-23 ºC, it will be suitable for germination for four years. According to the time of sowing, the terms are as follows: small seeds are sown in March-April, medium - after the New Year holidays, and large - immediately after harvest, in autumn or early winter.

At the end of summer, dark gray necrosis may appear on the leaves and shoots, making them velvety and changing their color. In the middle of summer, clematis can get sick ascotichosis causing necrosis irregular shape on the leaves, or cylindrosporiosis, "decorating" the leaves with bright yellow spots. Preparations containing copper are effective against all these diseases - 1% solution of copper sulphate, for example.

On the picture:

TO viral diseases clematis is resistant, but sucking pests can infect the plant with a yellow mosaic of leaves, against which there are no drugs yet, so diseased plants will have to be destroyed. In the future, do not plant clematis next to plants that are easily affected by mosaics - hosta, sweet pea, delphinium, aquilegia, phlox and peony. Sometimes clematis suffer from gall or leaf nematodes. When removing rotten specimens, look at the state of the roots of the plants, and if you find nodules on the roots, do not plant clematis in this area for several years.

Clematis pruning

Pruning of clematis is carried out during the growth of the plant, as necessary, to extend the flowering period, and for the winter. If you remember, there are three groups of clematis:

The first group of clematis (group A). In this group, flowers form on last year's shoots, so only weak shoots are pruned. Do this after flowering in June. Before winter, clematis are highly spud;
The second group of clematis (group B) blooms both on last year's shoots and on shoots of the current year. Pruning is done at a level of 0.5-1 m, leaving 2-5 pairs of buds, and weak shoots are cut to the ground. The vine is removed from the support, folded and carefully laid at the roots;
The third group of clematis (group C) forms inflorescences only on young shoots of the current year, clematis of this group are pruned several times during the growing season. In autumn, all shoots are cut to ground level or slightly higher.

Clematis after flowering

When will it come deep autumn, you need to think about how your clematis will live in winter. In dry weather, under the base of any clematis in the center of the bush, on the eve of winter, pour out a bucket of humus, after removing all the leaves and treating the neck of the plant with a two percent solution blue vitriol. Then you need to spud clematis to a height of 10-15 cm with sand and ash (250 g of ash per bucket of sand). They cover the clematis that need it in a dry way: the shoots are bent or twisted and laid on the base, covered with dry leaves (spruce branches, even crushed foam is used), then covered wooden box so that there is air around the plant, roofing felt, roofing felt or other waterproof material is placed on the box, which is pressed down in the corners with stones or bricks so that it does not blow away by the wind, and all this is covered with an earthen or peat layer of 20-25 cm from above.

In the spring, the ground and the film are first removed, and the spruce branches or leaves are removed only when the threat of frost has passed. Shoots are carefully lifted, straightened and distributed on supports.

Types and varieties of clematis

There are several classifications of clematis: the division of clematis into groups by M.A. Beskaravainaya, taking into account the origin of the species on the maternal line, the taxonomic system of M. Tamura, the classifications of A. Raider, L. Bailey, V. Matthews and others. Lovers and beginners prefer to use the simplest classification of clematis according to the size of their flowers: large-flowered clematis, medium-flowered clematis and small-flowered clematis.

But the following international classification is most convenient for flower growers:

Clematis, the flowers of which bloom on last year's shoots (group A);
Clematis blooming on both last year's shoots and current year's shoots (group B);
Clematis that bloom only on current year's shoots (Group C).

Let's look at these groups and the varieties of clematis that belong to them.

Group one A:

Clematis alpine (Clematis alpina)

Liana, reaching a height of 3 m, her leaves are leathery, large, small tubular blue flowers bloom in August. It is sometimes used as a border plant. Varieties:

Clematis Artagena Franchi- height 2-2.4 m, flowers are bell-shaped, blue with a white center, pointing down. winter-hardy;
Clematis Albina Plena- white clematis, terry, tall (up to 2.8 m), blooms from May to June;
Clematis Pamela Jackman- length of shoots 2-3 m, flowers purple-blue, drooping, length - 6-7 cm, blooms from April to June, blooms a second time in the second half of summer, but not so abundantly.

In the photo: Alpine clematis (Clematis alpina) Albina Plena

In the photo: Alpine Clematis (Clematis alpina) Artagena Franchi

In the photo: Alpine Clematis (Clematis alpina) Pamela Jackman

Clematis flowery (Clematis florida)

High woody liana, more than 3 m high, single flowers, large, fragrant, mostly light shades. There are bicolor varieties of clematis. Popular varieties:

Clematis Vyvyan Pennell- height up to 3.5 m, lilac double flowers 12-15 cm in diameter;
Clematis Kid- height - 1 m, cruciform flowers light purple with a blue tint with a diameter of 10-14 cm;
Clematis Joan of Arc- pure white fragrant double flowers of compact size, which seem large against the background of a small plant. The plant is frost-resistant, not afraid of either the sun or shade, almost does not get sick.

In the photo: Flowery clematis (Clematis florida) Jeanne d'Arc

In the photo: Flowery clematis (Clematis florida) Vyvyan Pennell

Clematis mountain (Clematis montana)

Giant liana up to 9 m tall, leaves are small, sharp, collected in bunches of five flowers on long pedicels - white, 4-5 cm in diameter, yellow stamens. Dislikes cold winters. Varieties:

Clematis Rubens- a fast-growing vine up to 6 m long, woody, trifoliate leaves, pointed, oval, with a bronze sheen. Opened flowers of red-pink color up to 6 cm in diameter are collected in 3-5 pieces. Blooms profusely, loves the sun;
Clematis Montana Grandiflora- the length of the shoots of this creeper is 5 m, the trifoliate leaves are arranged in bunches, the flowers are medium in size - up to 5 cm, open, with a delicate smell, collected in bunches of several pieces, the sepals are white or white-pink, the anthers are light yellow. This variety blooms in May-June.

In the photo: Mountain Clematis (Clematis montana) Grandiflora

In the photo: Clematis mountain (Clematis montana) Rubens

Group two B:

Woolly clematis (Clematis lanuginosa)

Shrub liana up to 2.5 m long, beautiful single flowers up to 20 cm in diameter in white, blue and pink hues. The first time it blooms on last year's shoots in May-June, the second - at the end of summer, but already on new shoots. Popular varieties:

Clematis Madame le Cultre- shoots 2.5-3 m long, leaves simple or trifoliate, lobed or entire. Flowers with a diameter of 14-20 cm, sepals are white, anthers are light, bloom in July. Winter hardiness is average;
Clematis Hybrida Sieboldii- liana, shoots up to 3 m long, flowers 16 cm in diameter: light lilac sepals with a dark edge, red-brown anthers. Blooms from July to September;
Clematis Lawsoniana- shrub liana, shoots up to three meters long, sometimes simple leaves, often trifoliate, oval leaves. The buds look up, fragrant flowers up to 18 cm in diameter, sepals are lilac-violet with a dark stripe in the middle, anthers are purple. It blooms in May-June, sometimes repeated, but weaker flowering in autumn is possible.

In the photo: Woolly clematis (Clematis lanuginosa) Hybrida Sieboldii

In the photo: Woolly clematis (Clematis lanuginosa) Lawsoniana

In the photo: Woolly clematis (Clematis lanuginosa) Madame le culture

Clematis spreading (Clematis patens)

Shrub liana, the shoots of which reach a length of 3.5 m, the flowers are large, up to 15 cm in diameter or more, the most different shades from white to dark blue, there are bicolor varieties. The shape of the flowers are simple, star-shaped or double. It blooms in May-June on old shoots, may re-bloom in autumn on young shoots. All varieties are afraid of severe cold.

Clematis Joan Pikton– length of shoots up to 3 m, very large flowers(up to 22 cm) light lilac with a lilac tint with a light stripe in the center of the petal. The edges of the petals are wavy. Anthers red. Blooms very profusely;
Clematis Multi Blue- liana up to 2.5 m high, blue-violet double flowers 14 cm in diameter are located along the shoot in several tiers. Blooms in June-August.

In the photo: Clematis spreading (Clematis patens) Joan Pikton

In the photo: Clematis spreading (Clematis patens) Multi Blue

Group three C:

Clematis of the Jackman group (Clematis jackmanii)

These are clematis obtained from crossing clematis Lanuginoz with clematis Vititsella, which are mostly large shrub vines with shoots up to 4-6 meters long and a well-developed root system. Their leaves are pinnately compound, consisting of 3-5 large leaves, the buds are elongated, the flowers are single or collected in 3 pieces, open, directed to the side and up, odorless, of all possible shades except white. In diameter, the flowers of this group reach 20 cm, although there are varieties in which flowers are only 8 cm in diameter. The varieties of this group bloom profusely and for a long time on the shoots of this year, which are cut to ground level in winter or leave a shoot with three to five pairs of buds. Popular varieties:

Clematis Rouge Cardinal- creeper with a shoot length of 2-2.5 m with trifoliate leaves, flowers - open, up to 15 cm in diameter, cruciform. Velvety sepals dark purple, anthers light purple. Blooms in July-September. Moderately winter hardy. Clematis "Rouge Cardinal" - the owner of many floricultural awards;
Clematis Star of India- shrub liana with shoots up to 3 m long. Compound leaves consist of 3-5 entire or lobed oval-pointed leaflets. The flowers are open, up to 15 cm in diameter, diamond-shaped sepals are juicy purple with a purple stripe along the middle, anthers are light. It blooms very abundantly in the second half of summer;
Clematis Gipsy Queen- shrub liana, the shoots of which reach 3.5 m. There are about 15 shoots in the bush. The leaves are complex, the buds are raised up, the flowers are open, up to 15 cm in diameter, the sepals are wide, velvety, bright purple, they almost do not fade in the sun, the anthers are maroon, the pollen is also colored. It blooms very profusely from the second half of summer until frost. Not afraid of shadows, up to 20 flowers on each shoot. The variety is resistant to fungal diseases;
clematis bella- shoots only up to 2 m long, star-shaped flowers 10-15 cm in diameter, waxy, first light yellow, then become snow-white. The variety is winter-hardy, resistant to fungi. Blooms from July to September.

In the photo: Clematis Jackman (Clematis jackmanii) Bella

In the photo: Clematis Jackman (Clematis jackmanii) Gipsy Queen

In the photo: Clematis Jackman (Clematis jackmanii) Rouge Cardinal

In the photo: Clematis jackmanii (Clematis jackmanii) Star of India

Purple Clematis (Clematis viticella)

The name itself suggests that this species is represented by purple flowers of different intensities and shades. The flowers of representatives of this species are simple, sometimes drooping, ranging in size from 10 to 20 cm in diameter. The shoots of these vines reach 3.5 m in length, and they grow quickly. Clematis of this species bloom from June to September. Here are some varieties of this species:

Clematis Ville de Lyon- shrub liana, dark brown shoots up to 3.5 m long, in a bush there are up to 15 such shoots. The leaves are compound, consist of 3-5 whole or lobed leaves, which turn yellow and dry at the base of the shoots. Buds look up, open flowers 10-15 cm in diameter, long peduncles. Wide sepals of carmine-red color fade in the summer in the sun, anthers are bright yellow. It blooms profusely, up to 15 flowers on each shoot;
Clematis Viola- the shoots of this creeper reach a length of 2.5 m, the leaves are trifoliate, it blooms profusely and continuously from July to October with disc-shaped open, propeller-like flowers 10-14 cm in diameter. Sepals dark purple with purple veins, anthers pale yellow;
Clematis Polish Spirit- shoots of this creeper up to 4 m long, strewn with lilac-lilac flowers with a diameter of 8 cm from the end of June until the coldest weather.

In the photo: Purple Clematis (Clematis viticella) Polish Spirit

In the photo: Purple clematis (Clematis viticella) Ville de Lyon

In the photo: Purple clematis (Clematis viticella) Viola

Whole leaf clematis (Clematis integrifolia)

Type of climbing shrubs that do not cling to a support. The height of these plants is not higher than 2.5 m, drooping bell-shaped flowers of red, pink, purple, blue and blue hues. Popular varieties:

Clematis Durandii (Clematis Duran)- one of the most beautiful large-flowered species of hybrid origin. Climbing shrub only up to 2 m high, has brown shoots, of which there are up to fifteen in a bush. The leaves are oval, simple, whole, dense, not damaged by the sun. The flowers are drooping, up to 12 cm in diameter, the sepals are bright purple or juicy blue, fading in the sun, the anthers are pale yellow. On each shoot up to 15 flowers. This variety blooms from July to October;
clematis Varava- shoots no longer than 2.5 m, star-shaped flowers with a diameter of 12-16 cm, light purple on the inside with a burgundy stripe along the petal, pale purple on the outside with an even lighter middle stripe. Blooms until frost;
clematis memory of the heart- semi-shrub with shoots 1-2 m long, drooping bell-shaped flowers 5-9 cm in diameter, blooms profusely from July to frost (October).

Clematis burning, or small-flowered (Clematis flammula)

- creeper with small white fragrant flowers, grows very quickly, reaching a length of shoots up to 5 m, the leaves are complex, dark green, pinnate, cruciform flowers are collected in inflorescences. Blooms in July-August.

Tangut Clematis (Clematis tangutica)

- fast-growing tall liana, blooming with medium-sized yellow bell-shaped flowers. Gives seeds, does not require shelter in the cold season.

In the photo: Clematis whole-leaved Duran (Clematis integrifolia)

In the photo: Clematis whole-leaved Memory of the heart (Clematis integrifolia)

In the photo: Clematis tangutica (Clematis tangutica) Back

Let's talk about how to grow luxurious clematis in the country, after all, many experienced and novice gardeners have seen these showy flowers, but at the same time they heard that they are capricious in growing. So, most of these popular garden vines are quite hardy, and if properly cared for, they can successfully grow in your garden. After all, all they need is water, ash, top dressing and competent pruning.

Clematis Jackman photo

Of course, these flowers do not grow in every country house, but those who grow them are simply in love with them. This hardy, profusely flowering plant is ready to elevate the most unprepossessing corner of your garden. Liana is used to decorate the walls of houses, fences and terraces. Even an old withered tree can "bloom" if such flowers are planted next to it.

Amazing huge flowers and bush looks decorative even without flowers. And flowering lasts all summer - from early June to August.

Variety "Polish Spirit" in combination with hyssop, rose and hosta

Clematis planting and care in the open field.

Indeed, it is quite difficult to choose your own variety from this variety of luxurious flowers. One is more beautiful than the other - huge, bright, terry, everyone simply seeks to outshine the others in beauty. Each species promises to turn our dacha into a real Garden of Eden! After all, any variety looks beautiful both on its own and in combination with other colors, especially with.

But, because If we plan not just to admire the flower, but to grow it, then we need to know the features of caring for it. It is best to buy seedlings in pots, and when choosing a variety, we first of all look not at the shape of the flower, but at its group. It is she who will determine how we cut it, how to cover it for the winter and when to expect flowering from it.

Types of clematis by group and method of pruning:

First group.
Liana flowers will appear only on last year's shoots. Therefore, if you cut off all the old shoots for the winter or spring, then you will never see flowering. Flowers from this group are the most luxurious, fashionable and amazing, but they must be covered for the winter.
Second group.
In these varieties, flowers appear both on last year's and on new shoots. But, if the variety is terry, terry flowers appear only on last year's shoots. On young shoots, only inflorescences of a simple form appear and with a short break after the first flowers on old shoots.
Third group.
Flowers appear only on young shoots. No need to cover - cut off almost to the root and that's it. These species are the most unpretentious - these are ideal varieties for beginners, because. Liana care is simple and straightforward. And although there are almost no terry species in this group, but, believe me, there is plenty to choose your treasure from.

Sort ERNEST MARKHAM. 3 group, height 2.5 m

When you solve the problem of how to grow a healthy clematis, remember that it does not tolerate transplanting at all, so immediately plant them on permanent place. And in this place, it can grow up to 40 years, provided that you properly prepared the landing hole.

Clematis Comtesse de Bouchaud photo

How to save a seedling before planting.

If you bought your plant in early spring at the supermarket and still have to drive to the cottage, or it may still be too cold to plant, you need to make friends with the plant at home.

Place the seedling pot on the sunniest windowsill. Now we must decontaminate the soil in the pot, because. here it is better to play it safe than to hope that it will carry over - after all, you do not want to then treat diseases in our liana. We use Phytosporin for soil. And in order to support the smallest vine itself, we use spraying with Epin's solution. And for the roots we will buy Biohumus (instruction on the label). We repeat these procedures every ten days.

How to plant clematis yourself.

A potted seedling can be transplanted into the soil after the night frost has passed. Before planting, the pot with the plant should stand on the street in the shade for a couple of days to adapt.

The main thing to remember is that you need to dig a hole for it wide enough and deep - almost the same as for planting an apple tree 60X60X60 cm. If you are close ground water, do not forget to put a 10-12 cm layer of gravel or broken brick at the bottom of the pit so that the clematis roots do not rot.

Everything depends on how the root system of the plant feels: abundant flowering, brightness of flowers, number of new shoots and buds. And if the root system grows well and develops stably, then everything will be fine with you. Peat, humus and soddy soil must be added to the planting pit, be sure to add a glass of ash. Mix this nutrient mixture in the pit and lightly tamp. We plant the seedling in a hole at the same level as it grew in the purchased container - the roots cannot be deeply buried.

Clematis Etoile Violette photo

Advice. If you want to get a bush with lush flowering, then you need to take care of the intensive formation of roots. To do this, in the middle of the pit, we make a hole 10 cm below the general level and plant a seedling in it. At the same time, we pour a little sand on the root neck of the vine to prevent it from being affected by putrefactive fungi. During the summer, we gradually pour fertile soil into the hole until it is completely equal to the general level. landing pit. So we simulate the formation of roots, and with a strong root system, the bush will be healthier and there will be more shoots.

Why clematis does not bloom.

Some varieties of the plant take root very well and can bloom in the first year, others need more time to form a root and therefore they will begin to delight us with flowers only in the second or third year.

Where to plant clematis.

Wet marshy soils are completely unsuitable for the plant, therefore, we exclude areas where there is stagnant water or water from roof drains for planting. These places guarantee fungal diseases and the death of the vine. Also, do not plant a vine near big trees- the roots of the plant are large and will begin to compete with the huge roots of the tree.

I want to remind you that the flowers of the creeper love a sunny place, and the roots love the shade. Therefore, it is good to plant undersized flowers next to it or ornamental grass. For example, hostas are excellent companions for vines. Another option is root mulching. Needles, sawdust or straw are perfect as mulch.

Irrigation features.

When watering, try not to water the plant in the center. It is better to make a hole at a distance of 15-30 cm from the stems and pour water into this hole. If you water randomly in the center of the bush, you will quickly see how your shoots begin to wither - this means that the Wilt disease (wilt) has appeared and after that the plant can only be pulled out and burned, having disinfected this place with a solution of copper sulphate. Therefore, it is better not to bring it to this.

How to feed clematis.

Clematis Hania photo

The plant throws out a large mass of flowers during the season, so the bush cannot do without serious top dressing. Once every 10 days, it must be supported with fertilizers that contribute to lush bloom. This is Agricola for flowering plants, Agricola Fantasy, Grow-Up, Effecton for flowering plants.

In the fall, be sure to feed the plant in the winter: 1 tbsp. spoon of superphosphate and 1 tbsp. a spoonful of potassium sulfate per 10 liters of water - move carefully. Pour one bucket of this solution onto one mature plant, then next spring the flowers bloom faster and will delight you until autumn.

Tricks of experienced flower growers for lush flowering.

To grow a beautiful clematis, one must be aware that they are real gluttons, they must not be fed, but fed regularly and plentifully!

When to feed clematis. Fertilize the vine every 10 days with small portions of fertilizer, always in liquid form. We start top dressing in May, when the growth of shoots begins.
What to feed:
- 1 st. a spoonful of ammonium nitrate per 10 liters of water or
- cow dung in a ratio of 1:10, or
- bird droppings in a ratio of 1:15 or
- 2 spoons of biohumus per 10 liters of water.
  We use one bucket of solution per bush.
How to fertilize. Alternate mineral fertilizers with organic. When buds appear, give organic and mineral fertilizers at the same time.
We protect from pests. If the soil is acidic, to prevent wilting disease (wilt), you need to deoxidize it with lime milk 200 g of lime per 10 liters of water. Ash is also suitable for these purposes.
We strengthen the plant. These garden creepers love growth stimulants - so spray them with Epin extra once every 10 days. This protects them from stress, helps them successfully survive the spring frosts and makes shoots grow more actively.

How to propagate clematis cuttings and shoots.

There are three ways: cuttings, shoots and dividing the bush.

Clematis Hagley Hubrid photo

Propagation by cuttings. We harvest the cuttings at the time of the formation of the buds, put them in Kornevin's solution and, when the roots appear, we plant them in loose soil. Keep in mind that the average percentage of rooting roots ranges from 10 to 60% - depending on the variety.

The method of propagation by shoots gives a higher percentage of rooting. Part of the branches of the liana, falling to the ground, begins the formation of roots. If at this time, without cutting off the shoot from the branch, place it in the soil in a peat pot, then in a month, you will be able to separate a healthy rooted seedling from the main bush. It is important to water the seedling in a pot abundantly.

The division of the bush assumes that you break the old bush with a shovel into several parts and plant each part in a new place.

How to properly prune clematis so that there are more flowers.

The liana definitely needs support, moreover, the mesh cells should be large enough - up to 15 cm, then it is easy to remove the vine from them, cut them off and cover for the winter.

Clematis Blue Angel photo

If you have a plant for the first year, then in the fall it is cut off almost completely - leaving one bud above the ground. So we stimulate the bush to form new roots and shoots. All subsequent years, with the help of correct pruning we continue to shape and strengthen it.

How to prune clematis of the first group, which form flowers only on last year's branches: in the fall we remove the vine from the support, if the bush is thickened, we cut off part of the shoots to the roots, we also cut out weak thin shoots, we cut all other shoots to a height of 1 to 1.5 m.

How to prune clematis of the second group, which form flowers both on last year's and on new shoots: in the summer, after flowering, we cut off the flowering part of the old shoot, in the fall we cut out thickened and weak shoots, cut the rest of the shoots at a height of 1-1.5 m, then shorten part of the shoots by another half and part is cut very short - so we form a lush bush for the next year.

How to prune clematis of the third group, where our flowers will only be on young shoots, is to cut the shoots almost completely - to the first bud.

If you bought a new seedling of a group unknown to you, trim it for the second group, and this way you can determine the group of your vine.

Do I need to cover clematis for the winter.

In order to prevent freezing of the lower kidney and roots, these creepers need to be covered from frost. Therefore, before sheltering the shoots, we remove all the leaves from them to prevent rotting. Then we remove the mulch at the base of the bush and cover the neck of the vine with compost or peat. After that, we lay out the stems in a circle in a ring, fasten the stems to the ground with thick wire clips, cover with mulch on top and cover with waterproof material, leaving holes for ventilation. In early spring we release the shoots and tie them to the support.

For all their beauty, clematis scare some gardeners with the difficulties of growing and caring for them. But, if you take care of this amazing and liana correctly, then you will be able to grow wonderful and luxurious flowers in the country, which look especially beautiful when paired with.

Many flower growers have clematis. The catalog of these plants is huge. Many people like these creepers because they are from June to September. These varieties include Elegia, Viola, Blue Angel, Ernst Markham and Gypsy Queen. At the same time, up to several hundred flowers with a diameter of up to twenty centimeters can bloom on a vine.

When and how to plant clematis?

Clematis should be planted in a permanent place in autumn or spring. IN autumn period it is necessary to take into account the fact that the plant must take root before the onset of frost. When planting in spring, pay attention to temperature regime. After all, night frosts can negatively affect clematis. Pits for planting are recommended to be made large, about 60 centimeters deep and the same in diameter. It is desirable to make a drainage layer about 10-15 centimeters thick. Use gravel or broken brick for this. When planting, it is better to spread the roots over the soil, poured into a mound. Many make a similar mound from a mixture of sand and earth, and sprinkle the root neck of the plant with sand. Such a measure can prevent decay of clematis, as well as protect the root system from overheating in summer and freezing in winter.

Right? Planting scheme, watering, planting care

The optimal distance between plants is about one meter. It can be made larger - about 120 centimeters. Then the plants will develop better and be more branched. Be sure to water the clematis abundantly after planting. With further cultivation, it is recommended to loosen the soil regularly to ensure constant air access to the roots. It will also be a great way that can harm the plant by depleting the soil.

How to plant clematis? Secrets of flower growers

To be successful, follow a few simple rules:

It is better to disinfect a purchased seedling before planting in potassium permanganate;

The plant should be planted immediately in a permanent place;

Establish a secure support for the vine. Such a precautionary measure will protect the fragile root system from mechanical damage;

It is necessary to tie up the growing shoots as the vine grows;

Clematis are light-loving plants, but overheating of the root system should not be allowed;

To encourage side shoot growth, pinch off the top of the plant;

It is advisable not to plant clematis in places where the winds are constantly blowing, as a strong wind can break the shoots of the plant;

Make sure that growing clematis does not get water from the roof of the building, it will adversely affect the health of the vine. Therefore, it is better to plant them no closer than fifty centimeters from the walls of the building.

That's all you need to know about how to plant clematis.

To ensure abundant growth and good flowering, do not forget to feed periodically. It is better to apply fertilizers taking into account the growth phase of clematis.

Now you know: how to plant so that they bring joy, and your site is constantly blooming.

How to plant clematis

Planting clematis is preferably carried out in spring or mid-autumn; if this condition is not observed, the adaptation period may be quite difficult for a young plant. A signal of opportunity spring planting the first signs of swelling of the kidneys may appear, usually observed in mid-April-early May.

So, you have decided to plant a magnificent clematis on your site. Planting and care begins with right choice places for plants. The ideal "home" for clematis is a moderately dry area, protected from drafts and sufficiently illuminated by the sun.

Before planting clematis, the gardener should prepare wide pits about 60 cm deep for the plants, with an optimal distance between the recesses of 1-1.5 meters. At the bottom of the pits, it is recommended to lay a 10-cm layer of drainage from broken brick or rubble. Then the upper fertile layer is poured onto the drainage, mixed with 5-6 kg of humus, a couple of handfuls of ash and 50 g of superphosphate. Upon completion of these activities, you can plant clematis.

The order of planting clematis

Disinfect the seedling by holding it in a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

Place the clematis in a hole and cover its roots with earth, deepening the root collar of the old plant by 10 cm, and the young seedling by 5-7 cm.

Place a support about 1.5-2 cm in diameter next to the flower and tie a seedling to it.

Sprinkle the surface of the soil with sand and water the plant abundantly.

Mulch the soil well at the clitis planting site.

How to care for clematis

The next important stage for the gardener after planting a clematis flower is the cultivation of a healthy individual capable of the longest and richest flowering.

Those who know everything about clematis and actively apply their knowledge in practice are sure that, with careful care, these flowers, in their beauty, can compete with the most luxurious exotic inhabitants of the garden.

In spring, clematis care consists in carefully loosening the soil near the flower and mulching it after the first watering: with humus in the northern regions and peat or sawdust in the southern zones. In order to avoid overheating of clematis roots in hot weather, it is recommended to equip an annual for plants in advance.

Proper care for young clematis involves frequent and plentiful (two or three buckets per bush) watering the plant in the first years of the flower's life. When the plant reaches the age of three, the intensity of watering can be reduced to twice a week, provided there is no severe drought.

Another important nuance in caring for clematis, this is regular pinching and pruning of plant shoots. Thanks to such "procedures" your pet will bloom much more magnificently and for a long time.

Top dressing clematis produced 3-4 times during the growing season (for one bush, depending on its size, it may take from 3 to 10 liters of solution):

For the first time, the flower is fed in May, after the release of the first shoots by clematis. Fertilizer composition: 1 liter of liquid mullein and 1 tbsp. urea per 10 liters of water.

The second feeding of clematis is carried out on the eve of its flowering. Fertilizer components: for a bucket of water - 1 tbsp. "Agricola-7" or potassium sulfate.

For the third time, clematis should be fed at the end of mass flowering. The optimal composition of top dressing: 2 tbsp. "Agricola-Rose" and organic fertilizer"Flower" for 10 liters of water.

At the end of summer, you can make the 4th fertilizing with fertilizer from the following components: for a bucket of water - 1 tbsp. superphosphate and potassium sulfate plus 2 tbsp. preparation "Agricola for flowering plants".

In autumn, when the air temperature reaches -5-7 ° C, clematis must be covered for the winter, having previously installed stiff frames over the lowered or cut shoots of flowers. Such a measure will prevent the plants from freezing under a layer of insulation that has become heavy under the snow. As a heater, you can use spruce branches, brushwood or dry leaves.

Here, perhaps, is all that a caring owner needs to know about clematis. Take care of your charming green pets, give them at least a small fraction of careful attention - and the luxurious flowering of your garden will charm even the most capricious and demanding aesthete with its splendor!

Clematis is classified as a liana plant, which helps many housewives realize their dreams of green living decorations for the walls of the house, fences, and other buildings. Clematis allows you to excel in landscape solutions.

The flowering of clematis does not leave anyone indifferent, because. it is truly mesmerizing. Especially if, when buying this plant, the variety most suitable for you was chosen.

Planting clematis

After the plant variety is selected and delivered to the site, it is necessary to determine the place for planting clematis. Due to the fact that it blooms and grows better in the sun, we choose the sunny side of the house or wall. It is very important that the clematis bushes be located exactly near some building, because without this it will have nothing to cling to, and it will not be able to fully develop.

in the valley;
in a damp place;
in a corner poorly lit by the sun;
on the plain;
in a draft;
in a grazing area.

Planting starts in autumn . Planting clematis at the end of September will be favorable, while it is still warm. In the cold northern parts of the world, it is better to land in the spring.

Clematis bushes are planted at a distance of 0.65-0.70 m from each other and about 30-40 cm. It is recommended to retreat from the wall near which they land.

A pit for planting a clematis bush is digging a solid one, about 0.55 x 0.55 x 0.55 meters. A mixture of fertilized soil with various useful elements is poured into the pit itself, which will enable clematis to grow in the first years in a comfortable environment.

Filling composition:

peat - 1 bucket;
sand - 1 bucket;
superphosphate - about 100 grams;
compost - 2-3 buckets;
hall, lime - 210 grams each;
mineral fertilizers - 225 grams;

Before filling the pit with this mixture, it is necessary to fix the cutting in the middle of it - a support for clematis. After that, the pit is half filled with this earthen mixture and compacted in the form of a mound, a tubercle. Clematis sits on this tubercle from above so that its roots smoothly descend from the mound down. It turns out that you, as it were, plant a plant on a mound. After that, the hole is completely filled, lightly rammed and watered. The branch of the rhizome is deepened by 10 cm from the soil surface. Clematis planted.

Clematis care

Watering young clematis is carried out every 8-10 days, with a volume of about 20 liters per bush. If the bush is freshly planted, it can be a little less, about 10-15 liters. Adult clematis need to be watered with a volume of about 30 liters per bush. In hot weather, plants need to be watered 2 times more often.

support for clematis, a plastic mesh can serve. It is very easy to use, strong and durable. Also, it is lightweight and even a woman can install it, which is very convenient. You can also use a strong wire of small diameters, metal carcass and other accessories of your choice.

fertilizer for clematis in the first year of growth, with the correct filling of the pit with an earthen mixture, this soil serves. But for the 2nd and subsequent years, it is still necessary to use top dressing for
stimulate the growth and maintain the health of clematis.

It is necessary to fertilize clematis in the spring with nitrogen, or rather with nitrogen-containing mixtures. It is recommended to check with a specialized store which feed mixture is right for your clematis, depending on its variety and growing area.

At the time of bud formation, it is necessary to use potash fertilizers (ash, saltpeter, chalk).

At the time of flowering, it is necessary to stop all types of clematis fertilizer.

At the end of the first and second waves of flowering (approximately August), it is necessary to fertilize the plant with phosphate fertilizers.

Wintering . With the onset of cold weather, it is necessary to insulate the root region of the plant. To do this, until spring, fill a small hill of earth 10 cm high at the rhizome and tightly lay cut tops of other plants on top of it. Dried flowers work well. This procedure will help protect the rhizome and stem of clematis from frost.

In the spring, it is necessary to rake dried flowers and a hill of earth at the root.

pruning clematis is carried out in autumn and spring. Exist different ways pruning, depending on the plant variety. As a rule, on the packaging when buying clematis, the method and terms of pruning are indicated.

Reproduction of clematis

In the first year, clematis does not reproduce. It is recommended to start breeding clematis when the plant is strong and shows active growth and health. This is about the 3rd year.

Clematis reproduce in the following ways: