Today it is difficult to imagine the modern private sector without a chain sawmill. She happens to be indispensable tool for many jobs, especially when it comes to renovation and construction. Therefore, its presence is fully justified.
But not all people have the opportunity to purchase such a tool for money. After all, such a sawmill is not so cheap, and to buy quality tool not easy. This prompted specialists and craftsmen to develop a simple technology by which you can make a chain sawmill with your own hands.
Preparation for work
Before you start working directly on the tool, you need to decide where you will place the sawmill. Best Places for this - a garage or workshop. After all, a sawmill is a rather heavy tool in terms of weight and overall dimensions. Therefore, it is recommended to install it immediately where you intend to work.
Some people keep sawmills in the yard. But it is not recommended to do this for the reason that the sawmill can deteriorate in the open air. Therefore, if you have nowhere to store it, then you need to take care of at least the minimum canopy.
When a place is chosen, make sure that the tool is available. For a sawmill, it is best to select good quality metal, on which there are no signs of corrosion, cracks and holes. By and large, the level of reliability in the future will depend on this. So, you will need:
- two steel channels 2 cm high and about 9 m long (dimensions may vary depending on your personal preferences and capabilities);
- pieces of metal water pipes;
- powerful perforator;
- metal corners;
- thick bolts;
- welding machine;
- metal blanks for racks;
- wooden bars;
- steel plate, the dimensions of which are slightly more sizes the electric motor of the future sawmill, and the thickness is about 5 mm;
- rubber gaskets;
- steel plates;
- a special chain, which is purchased separately (it is best to take a new chain, checking its quality at least visually).
When selecting the main metal blanks, also remember that they must all be perfectly even. If at least in some places there are distortions, then the chain sawmill with your own hands will turn out to be of poor quality. And this, you see, will not please you at all.
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Preparation of blanks
Now is the time to get to work. To begin with, free the area where the sawmill will be located from debris and unnecessary items. It is important that this place is as flat as possible. Therefore, in the case uneven surface it is strongly recommended to level it.
Now take two main channels and at the same distance from the edge along the length (about 1.5 m), drill the same holes with a puncher. Further from the holes, the same distance is measured along the entire length, markings are applied and drilling is performed in the same way. As a result, you will get several holes. The main thing is equal distances between them and keeping them parallel on the channels relative to each other.
Now you need to count the total number of holes. And in the same amount, prepare pipe sections. The length of each tube is approximately ¾ of the length of the channel. But the thickness can vary from 2 to 2.5 cm. The connection with the channels is made using bolts, for which holes are drilled in advance with a puncher.
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Production and fastening of racks
Next, you need to make racks on which the tool will hold. IN ideal you should get 4 identical thick racks, which are fastened to the channels using all the same bolts or welding machine. If the expected length of the unit is large, more racks can be used for reliability. Here you have the right to decide for yourself.
But before fastening, you need to install the frame on the racks. Carefully ensure that the posts are at a distance of about 0.8-1 m from the edges of the bed. After that, you can safely connect the bed with the racks in the manner described above.
But, in order for the tool to be quite strong and reliable, it is necessary to make a lower fixation. For this, wooden bars are used, which are placed under the racks. Try to immediately do everything smoothly so that the tool does not warp.
When building any object, wood is needed: for rafters, stairs, floorboards, furniture. Acquire finished goods very difficult. And why? You can do everything with your own hands. All you need is a desire and some materials.
The purpose of the tire sawmill
Wood is essential for human life. different breeds each for its own purpose. It was once processed exclusively with axes and hand saws. They were replaced by and.
The equipment is constantly being upgraded, more and more convenient modern machines appear. Tire sawmills are among them. They cannot replace other machines such as rounding machine or a crown cutter, but they perform their functions in wood processing successfully.
If construction is planned country house or cottages made of wood, then a lot of material will be required. And if there is a forest nearby and there is an opportunity to stock up on it, then it is best to make a tire sawmill with your own hands to process it and make building materials.
Making a sawmill with your own hands will help solve any problem associated with wooden products: make a barn or, a gazebo, a log house.
Tire sawmill own production can produce:
- high-quality sawing of logs in the longitudinal direction;
- on it you can give logs the same shape and size;
- saw them into boards, beams, slats, and many other elements.
A home-made tire sawmill produces small batches of non-standard wooden blanks and processes wood of different species.
Location and design of tire sawmills
To mount a tire sawmill, you do not need a large area. It can be installed in a small area.
Created by yourself, it can be stationary, in which it is installed Electrical engine, or mobile (using gasoline engine). This will allow sawing equipment to be moved to any place, including the production of lumber in the forest.
The following designs of tire sawmills are made with their own hands:
Appearance tire sawmill with electric motor
- With the movement of the working unit along the processed tree.
- With a longitudinal way of feeding the tree to the unit.
The advantage of the first type of tire sawmill is the control over the working unit throughout the entire section along the log. This ensures uniform cutting and high speed.
In the second case, the control over sawing is more complex. A strong push from the tree can cause the chain to seize or the engine to overheat. The advantage is that there are not many electrical wires following the unit.
Components of a sawmill
The working unit consists of:
- Beds:
- tires;
- electric motor;
- clutch mechanism.
The chainsaw chain bar acts as a cutting tool here. When used for sawing mechanism chain saw designed for ripping, the cutting surface is guaranteed to be even.
As a power unit, a three-phase electric motor with a power of 5.5 kW or a four-stroke gasoline engine with a power of 5.5 horsepower is installed.
The basis of the sawmill is a frame on which a mobile cart moves with a saw fixed in a horizontal position. The base must be of high quality to reduce vibration.
Machine frame design:
- two steel or rails 8 meters long and 14 cm high;
- along the entire length of the channel, screeds from segments of a metal pipe are installed;
- holes are made in the channels and screeds are installed in them after 1–1.5 meters.
Main points of operation
The tire sawmill is installed in any room or in an open area.
Operating rules:
Tire sawmill can be installed in any place convenient for you
- The room must be well ventilated and lit, since the unit is classified as hazardous.
- On outdoors electrical equipment must be protected from precipitation.
- The platform for the equipment must be level. If the surface is uneven, the rail track is placed on anchors.
- The rail track and bus must be horizontal.
- The sawmill is mounted on four support rollers that roll it along the guide rails.
- The thickness of the sawn board is regulated by a vertical screw, which, when rotated, raises or lowers the trolley with the saw unit.
- During the operation of the sawmill, the log is fixed motionless along the frame.
- The clamping stops for supporting the log have a simple and convenient design: the screws press the log against the stop flags.
How a sawmill works
Sawing is carried out by a chain bar mounted on a carriage moving slowly along the log. Please note that the chain is designed for ripping and must be sharp to make sawing easier. If a chain is used for cross cutting, it must be sharpened at a different angle suitable for ripping.
The chain saw attached to the bar has long term service, quickly and easily installed. If the drive sprocket is worn, it must be replaced before putting on a new chain.
The movement of the carriage with the tire is carried out manually. The height of the tire is also adjusted manually using a special handle on the screw. The bar can be raised or lowered a certain distance to achieve the desired cutting thickness.
The chain tension must be adjusted, this is constantly monitored during operation. In the nose sprocket tires organize a constant flow of oil from the oiler.
The quality of the cut on the tire sawmill does not suffer even with poor sharpening of the chain. The rigidity of the tire allows you to maintain it at an excellent level, without waviness and barrel shape.
Do-it-yourself tire sawmill assembly
Making your own tire sawmill is not difficult, although troublesome. It is necessary to prepare the appropriate materials and tools:
- device diagram;
- channel or rail;
- steel pipes for branch pipes and spacers;
- electric motor or gasoline engine;
- tire, drive sprocket (can be taken from a chainsaw);
- welding equipment with electrodes;
- drill and cutting tool for metal;
- auxiliary materials: chalk, hammer, tape measure.
First, a rectangular frame is constructed:
- a tire is attached in the center of the frame at its base;
- the fastening must withstand the increased load and be reliable.
Follow a certain sequence of manufacturing a tire machine:
- The cutting element is mounted on a high-strength steel axis. To do this, use the hole that is on the driven sprocket.
- Due to the axis, the saw cannot move in a horizontal direction.
- To prevent vertical offset, bearings are mounted on the axle on both sides directly near the tire.
- The bearings are clamped with a sleeve, the axle is welded to the frame.
- On the other hand, the engine and the chain tension control unit are placed. All spare parts can be taken ready-made, from a chainsaw.
- The driving drum is fixed on the motor shaft and fixed with a longitudinal key.
- They center the structure and securely fix it in the body.
The engine needs special attention. To eliminate strong vibration, the trolley under it must have sufficient rigidity. It is mounted from a steel sheet with a thickness of 4–6 mm. To eliminate the transverse play, a thrust corner is attached to the trolley.
Installation of the structure on the base
After the assembly of the working unit is completed, it is fixed on metal frame, which can also be made by hand.
Frame mounting sequence:
- Weld two workpieces with the letter P from durable steel pipes.
- Weld or bolt the tops of the blanks.
- Weld vertically 4 pipes in the center of the frame.
- On each branch pipe, on the outside, make recesses at a distance of 20 mm from each other.
- Weld four branch pipes to the working unit. They are put on the branch pipes of the frame.
The design provides the sawing unit with freedom of movement in the vertical direction. To fix the assembly in a certain vertical position, it is required to install bolts.
Stationary unit
For a stationary sawing unit, a concrete base is sometimes made.
You can install the clutch yourself. This is an intermediate transmission mechanism from the engine to the drive gear. The transmission is carried out by belts stretched over the engine pulleys and gears. Belts are pressed by special rollers. Such a device makes the work of the sawmill more efficient.
The assembly process is multi-stage, but it is quite possible to make such a unit with your own hands. Tire sawmill installation suburban area or in the country will bring a lot of benefits. After all, with its help you can make a wide range of necessary wooden products rather than running around in search of expensive material shopping. A handmade product does not require large expenditures.
Do-it-yourself chain sawmill in most cases is a conventional chainsaw rigidly mounted on metal structure for smooth movement along the sawn material. Such a device can cut logs of great length into blanks of the required length with good quality surfaces. The disadvantage of all chain sawmills is a large cutting width, the percentage of waste compared to other types of devices is higher.
The chain sawmill, when using an electric motor, must be equipped with necessary equipment for launch and protection.
Craftsmen have developed several options for devices, sometimes copying industrial ones, sometimes completely unique. Materials and parts for many devices were used from completely unexpected old mechanisms - bicycles, cars.
The manufacture of a stationary sawmill will cost much less than the purchased option, but it requires certain experience and skills. It is necessary to be able to work with metal, making high-precision parts, to be proficient in electric welding. Some parts need to be made on a lathe.
Therefore, before starting a project, it is advisable to carefully weigh all the pros and cons.
Choosing and preparing a site for a sawmill
To install a sawmill, a free space of approximately 3 x 6 m is required. When choosing, you need to take into account the possibility of transporting / exporting material and storage space. If possible, the device should be placed indoors or at least under a canopy. The roof will protect the equipment from the weather and allow you to work in the rain.
The surface must be flat, without significant slopes. It is necessary to provide for the drainage of water in rainy weather and melting snow so that puddles do not form. It is advisable to start manufacturing a sawmill at the installation site. The best option there will be a concrete surface.
To move the saw, you need to prepare two rails or channels. The main requirement for them is perfect evenness without the slightest bends. The length will depend on the expected length of the logs to be processed, usually from 4 to 8 m. The blanks must be fastened together, accurately maintaining the distance between them. The fastening can be made non-separable, using electric welding, or collapsible, bolted. Use the old one to connect. water pipe diameter 25-30 mm or other material available. The fasteners should be located in increments of 1-1.5 m. It is important that both workpieces are in the same plane, without skew, otherwise the cart with the saw will change the angle of inclination relative to the log when moving, and the cutting surface will be uneven - “helicopter”. After installing the paths of movement, you need to install racks to fix the log. They can be made from any metal profile of sufficient rigidity to withstand the weight and impact of the logs. Racks should be positioned as follows:
- the first along the saw should be at a small distance from the edge of the cart with the saw set to its initial position;
- the distance from the first to the last rack should be less than the length of the processed logs by about 0.5 m;
- intermediate posts must be distributed evenly between them.
Racks must be installed on the surface in the same plane with sufficient strength, not to sink under the weight of the log. The plane of their installation must be parallel to the plane of the paths of movement.
On the racks you need to install clamps for the log. Their design can be any of the available materials. The main rule is that the clamps should not interfere with the passage of the saw and be able to fix the logs in a certain thickness range.
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Making a trolley for moving
You can make a chain sawmill with your own hands in two versions, depending on the position of the saw:
- the tire is in a horizontal position;
- vertical tire.
In the first case, the cut will take place along a horizontal plane, the sawn material will be on top of the log. In the second - a vertical cut and the sawn off part will be on the side.
For the manufacture of the trolley, you can use a profile square pipe, a corner or other material with the required strength.
The dimensions of the bogie will depend on the length of the tire used, the weight and dimensions of the engine. The trolley must be in stable equilibrium in all engine positions. The width of the frame must match the width of the movable tracks.
It is desirable to use wagon-type wheels with a side to prevent derailment. The diameter of the wheels should provide smooth, effortless movement.
Assembly can begin with the manufacture of two side frames with wheels. Then they need to be installed on the rails opposite each other, fixed and assembled the upper part. All connections are preferably made using electric welding. In the corners, to increase rigidity, it is necessary to weld jibs or corners made of sheet steel 3-4 mm thick.
To mount the engine, a steel sheet with a thickness of 4 to 8 mm is required. With a light weight of the engine, the nuts for the studs that move the saw can be welded to the sheet, having previously cut holes. For engines of significant weight, it is better to make an additional reinforced frame. The assembly of the structure must be carried out on a trolley, having prepared all the elements. First you need to assemble on the "tacks", connecting the parts so that they can be easily cut or torn off. Then you need to check the design for assembly accuracy. The main checkpoints should be:
- easy movement without significant effort of the saw throughout the allowable space;
- exact position of the tire without inclinations, corresponding to the plane of movement;
- rigid, without movement, the position of the entire mobile structure.
If the design has passed the test, you can start welding all the joints.
Not everyone can afford the purchase of a finished sawmill, especially since it only pays off with constant use (read commercial). Is it possible to make a sawmill with your own hands? What difficulties should a do-it-yourselfer who decides to independently saw up unprocessed logs into industrial wood face?
Homemade band sawmill
Let's talk right away - do it band sawmill very difficult on my own. It's not so much about components, extensive turning and welding work, the need for sharpening and wiring saws in a special way, but in the well-functioning performance of the entire complex.
It is necessary to ensure the loading and stability of movement up to 300 kg of one log, the adjustment of the cutting thickness, and most importantly, safety precautions. But if the availability of free wood won, we make a band sawmill with our own hands.
We will explain the principle of tape cutting with an example: take two spools of thread, stretch a thin tape between them. Forcibly rotating the tape - we cut the log, the distance between the tapes - maximum size timber. It is convenient to cut boards with band saws.
We start with the choice of a production area or premises - at least 3x6 m, verified. The second most important metal wheels carts and band saw, it must be found or bought. To order a frame of a belt mechanism with wheels, but it is better to buy a ready-made one. Do-it-yourself manufacturing requires skills and a lot of high-precision tooling.
View 1: 1 - rack; 2 - roller; 3 - plate; 4 - screw; 5 - chain; 6 - guide bracket; 7 - movable comb; 8 - screw; 9 - fixed comb; 10 - remote control.
View 2: 1 - pulley for starting the engine (if a three-phase motor is connected to single-phase network); 2 - engine; 3 - pulley; 4 - shaft; 5 - housing with bearing; 6 - base; 7 - flywheel; 8 - finger; 9 - connecting rod; 10 - saw; 11 - screw M14x2; 12 - roller; 13 - guide corner; 14 - rack; 15 - steering wheel; 16 - sleeve; 17 - asterisk; 18 - nut М14х2; 19 - locknut; 20 is an asterisk.
We install guides - any durable smooth metal: I-beam, channel, corner, under them through 0.5 m of support or anchor for stability. The distance between the guides is the diameter of the big log with a margin of about 0.7 m. Maintaining the geometry, we weld everything together. We attach the wheels, the frame of the belt mechanism, the electric motor through the pulley to the trolley.
Consider a change mechanism horizontal movement saws relative to the log. By moving the trolley relative to the fixed log, we cut off the horizontal layer of wood - we make boards.
Circular sawmills have received the greatest handicraft use due to their versatility and ease of manufacture. We will make a circular sawmill with our own hands. Most importantly, we will need a circular saw - a disc of more than 500 mm (the more, the better). The propeller is usually an electric motor, through a pulley that increases the speed.
1 - main sleeper ( steel pipe 80x80x3, 5 pieces); 2 - lining (steel sheet, 40x10x1.22 pieces); 3 - canvas guide (steel channel No. 8, L1750, 4 pcs.); 4 - trolley (hoist carriage); 5 - lower bracket (steel channel No. 18, 2 pcs); 6 - plate - base (stylish sheet s5); 7 - bolt M20) (4 pcs.); 8 - Grover's washer (4 pcs.); 9 - nut M20 (4 pcs.); 10 - asynchronous three-phase electric motor (220 V, 5 kW, 930 rpm); 11 — upper bracket (steel angle 45×45); 12 - canvas circular saw; 13 - protective casing (steel sheet s2); 14 - steel pin (8 pcs.); 15 - hub of the circular saw (St5); 16 - thrust handle (water and gas pipe 3/4″); 17 - cutting slab; 18 — kerchief resistant (steel sheet s5); 19 — comb (steel angle 45×45, L400); 20 - log; 21 - M30 bolt; 22 - split washer; 23 - washer-lock (steel sheet sЗ); 24 - thrust crossbar (steel corner 45 × 45); 25 - shortened sleeper (steel pipe 80x40x3, 6 pcs.); 26 - pad for extending the web (steel sheet 250x180x10, 2 pcs.).
A welded frame is being prepared, a metal (rarely wooden) plate with a slot for the disk is placed on the frame. The gaps between the disc and the plate are minimal. The saw shaft is attached to the plate from below on bearings and a pulley. The pulley of the electric motor and the saw are connected by belts (reinsurance when the saw is jammed) - a homemade sawmill can work!
one of the options for a homemade sawmill
To tension the belt, use the weight of the engine with the addition of weights. Make the base of the electric motor movable coaxially with the saw shaft, with a deviation under weight in the opposite direction. As a mover, the wheel of a working tractor is often used, driven by a saw pulley without belts.
The principles of cutting are the same as in the band cut - we feed the log to cutting disc. After a disk cut, the surface of the lumber is of higher quality due to the processing speed. Circular sawmills are vertical and horizontal - they are easier to use in mobile installations.
Tire sawmill
It is necessary to start with an understanding of what and how much we will cut. If you need to cut 100 - 200 rafters for a house under construction from free logs, then 400 boards - it is better to use a manual professional chainsaw. Let's do makeshift sawmill from a chainsaw, the method is inexpensive, simple and effective.
drawing the simplest sawmill from a chainsaw (download full drawing)
You will need any equal metallic profile, welding and grinder. We start with the maximum length of the log - practical about 4 m. For such a length you need to find a channel or an I-beam, you can weld it from pieces with reinforcement - the main thing is that the resulting profile is even. We begin to make our autonomous tire sawmill based on a chainsaw.
The design is a strong profile on working height- above the belt along which the fixed chainsaw moves in the cart.
The height is due to ergonomics, a long knee-elbow posture is not useful. Parallel to the main profile, a log is placed on the support frame, a working chainsaw moves along the log and makes the necessary trimming.
A few more details about the features. Main element- the main profile, providing geometrically correct dimensions lumber must be strong and rigid enough if the channel is at least 200. The profile is supported by 3 or more supports connected to the support frame on which the log rests.
If you decide to make a chain sawmill with your own hands, be sure to look at LOGOSOL sawmills. Drawings and documentation can be downloaded on the website and taken as the basis of your homemade product.
The main sawing errors are formed during the vibrations of the cart with the chainsaw, so the advancement of the cart along the profile is at least four rigidly pressed metal wheels, it is necessary to provide manual drive. The simplest is a well crank with a drive wheel along the main profile.
To install a heavy log, slopes are usually set along which it is convenient to push the log sequentially from side to side onto the support frame, wedging it on the frame.
The most difficult thing is the adjustment mechanism for the thickness of the product. The simplest way- installation of screw or any rigid fixation jacks along the edges of the vertically movable support frame. We adjust the jacks - we adjust the thickness of the product. An example of the construction of a mobile tire sawmill based on a chainsaw can be seen in the photo.
Wood cutting can be done by one person: holding the chainsaw handle and adjusting the gas, we feed with the other hand.
Conclusion
A few thoughts on the feasibility of manufacturing a sawmill. Tested by time and practice - self-production makes sense with free materials. If you calculate the labor costs and materials, and the possible benefits, you will understand for yourself. The worst thing, when self-manufacturing- Few people pay attention to safety. This moment must be considered! Trouble-free operation and quality wood.
Not everyone can afford to buy a ready-made sawmill. Therefore, there are craftsmen who are able to make a tire sawmill in their own. If you follow the instructions and find everything necessary elements, then it will take a little time to assemble this machine. Of course, difficulties may arise in the process of work, but this is not scary, since everyone has the right to make a mistake, especially since in any case everything can be redone.
The manufacture of a home-made tire sawmill is carried out in stages
- first you need to find a place for a sawmill. The platform should be slightly sloped, which will help when cutting. It will not be necessary to exert great effort on the carriage.A carriage is created, an electric motor and a tire will be fixed on it. It will move along the guide pipes (see photo). Everything is extremely simple and efficient, the carriage cleans itself from the guides a large number of sawdust. If desired, you can build a carriage that moves with the help of rollers, while the design will become more complicated;
It is best to choose an asynchronous motor, and not less than 3000 rpm at 2kW.
It is also necessary to purchase a 40 cm long bar with a chain for longitudinal cutting. The sharpening angle is 10 degrees. The tire will be attached to the carriage with two bolts in a regular groove. The tension of the flail is carried out by hand, while at the same time the bolts are tightened, which secure the tire. The motor shaft must rotate at least 3000 rpm, the tire will withstand such a load. The number of teeth of the drive sprocket ranges from 6 to 9, with a diameter of 4 to 6 centimeters;
A thrust bearing must be welded onto the rack, on which the log will rest. The log and the entire support are lifted manually, and the mechanism is fixed with bolts (as shown in the photo).
Advice! To attach the sprocket to the main engine shaft, you need to drill a small hole on the shaft, this must be done with the engine running, then make a thread and fasten the drive sprocket with a bolt;
- as practice shows, an engine with a power of 2 kilowatts does its job quite well. It does not heat up, and the sawmill itself does not create unnecessary noise;
Due to the fact that the sawmill has a similar design with, its bar groove is not always well lubricated. Also, the drive sprocket is left without the right amount of oil. Industrial chain sawmills are supplied with necessary quantity lubrication through a special hole. The sprocket is also lubricated with oil that enters through the hole. But it would be most correct to lubricate those areas that are subjected to maximum friction, and this is: the tire groove and all the sprockets that are in the mechanism. The best way to apply oil is with drip system, in all rubbing areas.
Do-it-yourself tire sawmill driven by an electric motor
