Cold production technology for MDF interior doors. Production of MDF doors - factory of painted damp doors. Materials for creating wooden doors

The production of doors from wood and materials made from it is one of the most promising options - for both large and small businesses. In order to open such a workshop, you will have to not only purchase a list necessary equipment, but also become familiar with all the production nuances.

Based on the video in this article, we will discuss how MDF manufacturing doors; Let's look at the mechanisms by which certain technological operations are performed; and we’ll tell you what capabilities this or that machine or tool has in general.

If a company is engaged in the production of interior doors, then it should not be focused only on working with wood, or only with MDF. Moreover, most doors are combined: the frame is constructed from pine bars, and only then it is sheathed with sheet material. In general, for the successful sale of products, an extensive assortment is needed, covering different price ranges.

Therefore, the manufacturer must offer the buyer cheap doors without decorative covering, and elite ones, made of natural wood, and the golden mean in the form of laminated and veneered products (see). The task is made easier by the fact that the equipment for the production of MDF doors is equally successfully used for the production of solid wood doors. Therefore, the list of machines and devices that we will present during our article will be general.

Preparation of material

Edged boards and timber used in door production must undergo a drying procedure. There are several ways to reduce wood moisture, and the simplest of them is natural.

But it takes a lot of time, so in production they use drying chambers. This is a stationary box with a ventilation system in which the temperature is maintained from +40 to +100 degrees.

So:

First, when the fan is running, the lumber is heated with steam, and then the temperature is gradually brought to the desired temperature. Because design features drying chambers may differ; the principle of operation with them is determined by the manufacturer’s instructions.
Warm-up time depends on the type of wood, and the essence of drying is not only to normalize humidity, but also to relieve stress from its internal fibers. Once the required humidity percentage is reached, the tree is not immediately removed from the chamber, but is kept in it for up to three hours. If poorly dried material is used in production, the products will be deformed.

The cost of a drying chamber depends on its capacity, and the minimum is 2 million rubles. Not everyone has such means, so some craftsmen make them with their own hands. A room is allocated for this, the surfaces of which are well insulated, vapors are insulated using foil, a fan and heating elements are installed. Infrared film for underfloor heating is often used for this purpose, as it is very economical in terms of energy consumption.

If you wish, information on this topic can be easily found on the Internet. The main issue that will need to be resolved is the method of loading wood into the chamber. Usually this is, as in the photo, a trolley on rails, but a forklift can also be used. And, of course, you should take care of fire safety.

Equipment for calibrating and cutting material

It is clear that the wood used to make doors must be calibrated - that is, it must have clear geometric dimensions. Therefore, after drying, the lumber is processed on a four-sided planer, which is capable of processing the workpiece from all sides at once. When a block passes through it, four cutters not only level the surfaces, but also open up defective areas.

Multi-rip machines

A company that has a multi-sawing machine at its disposal can significantly increase productivity. Such equipment allows, in order to reduce costs, to purchase not ready-made edged boards, but round wood, and saw it yourself into boards and beams.

The capabilities of this machine make it possible to mass produce molded blanks, including from sheet and slab materials: plywood, chipboard, fibreboard, MDF, furniture board.

Note! Machines with a multi-saw system are suitable for both longitudinal and transverse processing. Depending on the type of unit, it may contain up to two dozen saws. Their layout is standard, and is very similar to a sawmill, but unlike a multi-saw machine, several workpieces cannot be made at the same time on a sawmill.

In addition, workpieces passed through a multi-saw unit are characterized by greater geometric accuracy. All its working elements are located on the frame, and in some models there is also a material supply line, which is a roller conveyor.
The material supply unit is driven by an electric motor and consists of spiked shafts that ensure uniform movement of workpieces. The sawing unit can consist of several or one shaft on which circular saws are mounted. By the way, they can be located not only in the vertical plane, but also horizontally.

If necessary, the multi-saw machine is equipped with a milling mechanism necessary for processing the ends, as well as an installation for trimming edges. The equipment of the machine may vary depending on the parameters of the products that need to be obtained.

Cross cutting machines

When working with any long material, it is impossible to do without miter saws. In a small workshop, carpenters can use both manual options, but for large volumes of work you need a machine.

Trimming is the name given to cross-cutting wood materials, with the help of which the workpiece is given the shape of a rectangle and a workpiece of a certain length is obtained.

So:

When the enterprise has a dryer, one cross-cutting machine can be installed on the site where raw material is sorted, and the second is used for cutting already calibrated timber or boards. Such equipment has quite a lot of potential.

In addition to trimming the ends, this is dividing the workpiece into 2 parts; identification of an area with a defect, which is automatically removed during sawing; cutting blanks of a certain length. All these operations can be performed by the machine either simultaneously or one by one. Here a lot depends on the equipment of the machine, its settings, as well as the task at hand.
As in multi-saw machines, circular saws with teeth made of hard alloys are used here. However, they have a different sharpening angle, since the wood has to be cut across the grain. A saw with regular teeth cuts the material like clockwork, rather than tearing or crushing it.

Since the cross-cutting cycle is periodic, the moving parts of the machine do not have time to heat up too much, so the mechanism works properly long time. The only thing, for ease of operation, the cross-cutting machine must have convenient device for feeding workpieces. Usually this is either a conveyor or a roller table - a roller table, the price of which, depending on the length, varies between 16,000-25,000 rubles.

To ensure that when sawing there is no discrepancy between the required and actual dimensions of the products, all measuring instruments on the machine, as well as the stop ruler on the roller table, must be periodically checked and adjusted. To obtain the most accurate parameters, modern cross-cutting machines are equipped with optical instruments, which also need to be checked from time to time.

Format saw

When working with sheet wood material, which is MDF, you cannot do without a machine for format cutting. It cuts straight or at an angle: both long-length and slab materials are processed, and you can also cut a whole stack of slabs at once according to a single template.

To do this using any other machines or tools, even if it is possible, will require a lot of time and effort, which is simply unacceptable for mass production of joinery products. In general, production efficiency largely depends on the overall functionality of machines for format cutting.
All of them are professional, and are divided into three categories. The first group contains the most simple models economy class, with small dimensions, and without additional equipment with stops, rulers and clamps. Such machines can operate for no more than five hours at a time, and are designed for a relatively small volume - perfect option for a small private workshop.

The second category includes medium-power machines that can work a full shift (at least 8 hours) and are provided with all necessary equipment and nodes. In particular, they can be equipped with a dust extraction device. Well, the third option is industrial machines that have the most durable design, full equipment, electronic control circuit, and are capable of working for two shifts.
The basis of any machine is the bed on which all working mechanisms are mounted. The stiffer and heavier it is, the less vibration and the higher the cutting accuracy. Two saw blades. There is a cutting disc in front - it has a smaller diameter, and its function is to trim the top (facing) layer on the workpiece.

The material is finally cut by the main disk, the size of which determines the depth of the cut. This arrangement of the discs allows you to produce high-quality cuts, with smooth edges and without chips. The formatting machine has three work tables: one movable, on which a full-size MDF sheet is fed for cutting; the second support, which should support the cut parts. The third, fixed table, on which, in fact, the saw unit is fixed, is the main one.

To cut a workpiece on such a machine, the sheet is placed on a movable table, which moves along guides with a carriage. Using the stop, measure the required length and start the saw mechanism. As soon as it picks up speed, the sheet is fed to the saw unit by moving the table, and a fragment is cut off. From settings to formatting machine: cutting depth and angle only.

Equipment for milling and cutting tenons

It is impossible to imagine any carpentry workshop without a milling machine, because cutting profiles, grooves, volumetric reliefs, large-radius curved cuts, and even wood engraving is done mechanized.

The only difference is that the milling machines used in one case or another are slightly different in design. There are six types of removable tools, the use of which is determined by the need for one or another type of processing.

Thus, a wood milling machine can be considered a universal mechanism. The height of the cutter, located on a movable vertical shaft, can be adjusted. But the position of the part being processed is limited by stops and guides.

In a small workshop you can get by and manual router, a version of which is presented above, but for mass production of joinery, machines with software are used numerical control. Manufacturers offer a huge range of such equipment, which has a variety of characteristics and is controlled by operating systems.
With a router on a vertical shaft you can countersink, that is, produce conical holes; bore them; dado. With the help of such machines, the edges of workpieces are processed and frames are made. But mirror-symmetrical, or absolutely identical, shaped blanks: drawers, panels (see), cannot be made without a copy-type milling machine.
Most often it is collected using the tenon method. Tenons at the ends of the workpieces, as well as recesses for them (eyes), can only be obtained using a tenon-cutting machine. The working mechanisms in it are also cutters and saws. Just like the others milling machines, tenoning units can be equipped with CNC and controlled by a microprocessor.

In any case, it is possible to make an oval or round tenon only on such equipment. In addition to cutting tenons, on computer-controlled machines it is possible to trim the perimeter of the door leaf, process calibrated sheet material, splice the bars along their length, which is sometimes necessary for the manufacture of panel doors.

Note! In addition to the basic woodworking machines mentioned above, door production will also require additional equipment with which finished panels and molded products are finished.

This and Hydraulic Press, which is used to cover MDF door trim with veneer, and edge banding machine, by means of which narrow strips of veneer are glued to the ends of the canvases. This can include a painting booth, a press for gluing bars, a surface grinder, and a packaging machine - otherwise how to transport the products?

As you can see, the list of equipment is quite large, and it is clear that in order to equip a carpentry shop, you need to spend a lot of money. But don’t forget this: the availability of machines and necessary tools does not yet guarantee a quality result. Ultimately, everything depends on the professional competence of the people working on this equipment.

Interior veneer door of our production is a door leaf with a frame structure made using natural wood, medium-density fiberboard (MDF) and restructured veneer (fine-line), adhesives and paints, glass, fasteners and other materials and products that meet the requirements of standards and specifications.

For door production Coniferous pine lumber with a moisture content of 7±1% is used. To achieve the specified wood moisture content, the enterprise has built and operates a drying complex consisting of an autonomous boiler room, four drying chambers with front loading with a capacity of 50 m 3 each. The drying complex is equipped automated system control of drying processes. The drying chambers are equipped with reversible fans, humidification systems, wood and air moisture control sensors, and an air conditioning system. The dried lumber is unloaded into a cooling room, where it cools for 48 hours to relieve internal stress.

The resulting material is used to form the frame of the door leaf.

Door block design

The canvases consist of:

frame (coniferous wood bars);
honeycomb filling (strips of special cardboard glued together in the form of a honeycomb and placed on edge);
inserts for lock mortise (softwood blocks);
frame cladding (MDF veneered with natural veneer);
internal frame - “double-glazed window” made of MDF (for glazing panels)

Unglazed (solid) panels are made with only one outer frame. Glazed doors They have an internal frame corresponding to the size of the inserted glass and slatted filling.

MDF (MDF-medium-density fiberboard) medium-density fiberboard is a sheet material produced from wood species in an environmentally friendly manner favorable conditions by dry hot pressing method, with an increased density of 850 kg/m. cube

In MDF, the developed surface of wood fibers and a shortened pressing cycle are effectively combined with strength due to the participation of binders in interfiber interaction. The production technology of MDF doors eliminates the use of hazardous materials epoxy resins and phenol.

This type of semi-finished product is highly environmentally friendly, and also has excellent characteristics of compactness, fiber adhesion, and consistency of geometric dimensions over a long period of time.

The use of this material in door production allows you to acquire the properties of excellent planarity of the surfaces of the canvas, surface hardness and impact resistance.

Honeycomb is a high-tech material used to form the frame of a structure. Honeycomb fillers got their name due to their geometric similarity to a honeycomb. The main task of the material is to fill the space between two skins. By placing honeycomb core between the skins, the rigidity of the structure actually increases by 100 times or more - this is the effect of spacing the load-bearing layers. Thus, the honeycombs placed between the skins do not particularly burden the structure, because they are light, but they guarantee strength. Honeycomb core is the most promising material today for the manufacture of ultra-light and durable structures for various purposes.

Filling the door leaf using cardboard honeycombs:

timber frame (solid);
facing panel;
cellular filling.

Door design With cellular filling significantly lightens the weight of the canvas, which reduces the load on the hinges, has good heat and sound insulating properties, and also avoids warping of the canvas during operation.

Natural veneer- these are thin sections of natural wood that have the color and texture of wood. The undeniable advantage of such material is door production is that it preserves the natural pattern of wood, which cannot be conveyed by any modern technological tricks. In addition, natural veneer is durable, it does not peel off or dry out, because it is glued to an MDF base.

The surface is covered with veneer and the frame of the canvas is assembled using the hot pressing method. Next, the door leaf is formatted to size in length and width, followed by gluing the ends with veneer.

To create an individual profile for each model, milling is carried out along the contour specified by the template. The processing process is personal for each type of canvas.

Each door leaf is processed by manually grinding the surface with abrasive materials. To obtain the smoothest possible surface, our specialists have developed a step-by-step system for processing the door leaf with grinding tools with different degrees of grain size.

Finishing of the coating is done manually by specialists of the highest category paint and varnish materials Swedish production "Becker Acroma". This two-component organic-based alkyd varnish has high covering power due to its high solids content and forms a durable and, at the same time, elastic film on the surface of the product. In addition to its decorative function, the varnish coating plays a protective role - it prevents the canvas from swelling when the room humidity is too high and protects the door structure from drying out when the humidity is low.

And besides, we should not forget that varnish also gives the surface of veneered doors a more beautiful appearance. Only after varnishing does the final color of the wood appear.

On door production A system for identifying performers of operations has been introduced, which allows minimizing the number of defective products and identifying a specific performer committing a violation of the technological process. Marking is made on the upper and lower edges of the door leaf. Each product undergoes strict control by the Quality Control Service. Frosted “Bronze” glass is installed in the door leaves under the glazing, which gives the door its own individuality and completeness. Glazing is carried out using six elastic gaskets, which eliminates the vibration of the glass and ensures its precise fixation. Thanks to this glazing technology, the glass can be easily removed and replaced.

All door panels are packaged in corrugated cardboard around the perimeter and plastic packaging, which allows us to protect our products from external influences. All our products are necessarily equipped with a product passport, with detailed description warranty obligations and recommendations for storage and operation.

Box timber manufacturing technology

Materials used:

lumber: pine, moisture content 8±1%;
MDF - 10 mm;
c. natural veneer.

Manufacturing technology. The base of the box lumber is made from dry lumber using the end-joint method. When splicing lumber, wood defects are removed: knots according to tolerance standards, cracks, blue stains, rot, etc. Glued blanks are profiled to a given size on four-sided planing machines. MDF is cut to a given size at a cutting center. The use of this machine provides the necessary geometry of the workpiece. The MDF strip is glued with hot melt adhesive on an automatic line for lining molded products. The resulting “rough blank” is processed on four-sided planing machines, after which natural veneer is glued to the blank on an automatic line for veneering molded products. The veneered box timber arrives at the painting shop. Where is it produced? final finishing products: grinding, applying primer and finishing coat varnish.

Manufacturing technology of platband and additional trim

The casing is made of profiled MDF blanks wrapped in fine-line veneer and having a paint coating identical to the door leaf. Packed in polyethylene. The additional element is made from MDF blanks and lined with appropriate veneer. Packed in polyethylene.

Production of interior doors

Interior doors are a necessary part of residential, industrial and office premises. When choosing door leaves and additional elements, you need to know how and according to what rules they are made, as well as understand the advantages and disadvantages of the materials used in the production of doors. Modern manufacturers use high-tech equipment that allows them to produce a large number of high quality products with various types of coating and modern design.

Manufacturing technology of interior doors

Doors serve to separate different functional parts of the room and provide sound insulation, protection from foreign odors and excess moisture. Methods for manufacturing door leaves and additional elements depend on the materials used in production. The most popular doors are those that are made of solid wood or prefabricated on a wooden frame. Glass inserts make the canvas partially permeable to light and visually expand the space of rooms or corridors.

The most complex and multi-link technological process occurs during the manufacture of doors using wooden elements. The fact is that timber that did not pass full cycle pre-drying and processing, susceptible to warping and cracking. To avoid losses in the quality of the final product, great attention must be paid preliminary preparation wood using certain technological methods. The manufacturing process of interior doors includes the following steps:

automatic feeding

Logs are sawn into pieces of the required thickness

Drying of lumber is carried out under the influence of steam and high temperature

Defective areas are cut out from the workpiece cut into timber.

Using a vertical press, a door panel blank is produced

During final assembly, paneled elements or glazing are installed

The technological sequence for manufacturing doors may be different and this depends on the material, equipment and design of the product. For example, expensive doors made from solid wood do not typically use veneer and are made using complex CNC machines, while budget doors often use corrugated cardboard inserts and cheap lamination film.

It is important to note that in the factory, fittings on doors with symmetrical decor are usually not installed, since when installed at the consumer’s site, the product can open either to the left or to the right; accordingly, hinges and handles are installed by installers locally.

Video: making solid wood doors

Rules and regulations for the production of interior doors

Door blocks are manufactured using equipment located in large production areas. These premises are subject to certain requirements, such as industrial facilities, which includes timber warehouses, dryers, a processing shop, a paint and varnish department and a finished product warehouse. Each production site is equipped according to the rules and regulations, in accordance with the technical conditions for specific task. The main requirements for production premises for the manufacture of doors are the following criteria:

availability of free access roads;
buildings must ensure stable temperature, humidity, natural and artificial lighting;
electricity supply, heating, ventilation, water supply and sewerage must be provided;
premises must be equipped fire alarm, fire extinguishing means and emergency exits;
workplaces require provision safe conditions labor;
paint areas must be isolated from other rooms and provided with fresh ventilation.

Personnel are required to undergo professional training and education in labor protection, fire and electrical safety standards, as well as undergo unscheduled, repeated and initial briefings in the workplace.

The production facility must be equipped in accordance with standards

The main standard for the production process is technological documentation, which is based on Technical conditions for production TU 5361−001−58037723−2015 “INTERIOR DOORS, PARTITIONS AND MODELED PRODUCTS FOR THEM.” This document sets out the requirements for the design of interior doors, the quality of material and coating of the front surface, as well as environmental requirements. The standards specify the procedure for acceptance of finished products, certification and installation of a warranty period.

It is important for the buyer to have a certificate, a warranty period and compliance of the door, frame and additional elements with the requirements of technical specifications, since this confirms the quality of the product and allows one to count on a long service life.

Current GOST standards for the production of interior doors

The technical characteristics of doors are determined by the standards that set the general technical specifications or methods for determining the physical parameters and dimensions of finished products. Many manufacturers create products in non-standard sizes, but with strict adherence to quality requirements. The consumer may be interested in the list of regulatory standards by which manufacturers of interior doors operate, namely:

General requirements for wooden doors with a list of regulatory documents are established by GOST 6629–88, and the requirements for wood products are set out in GOST 475–78.
Design options for interior doors, their types and sizes are specified in GOST 24698–81.
Requirements for supplements, fasteners and loops are assigned GOST 538–88.
Methods for determining sound insulation, heat transfer resistance and air permeability are regulated by GOST 26602.
Determination of the flatness of the door leaf is carried out according to the standard ST SEV 4181–83.
The methodology for testing reliability is set out in ST SEV 3285–81.
Impact load resistance is carried out according to the method specified in ST SEV 4180–83.

IN accompanying documents Finished products must have a symbol for door panels, for example, U05195 VERSAL pat. 1014 dec/oro leaf D3 91x 230 L, which means the following door parameters:

article - U05195;
the trade name of a certain collection is VERSAL;
type of finish/color − pat. 1014 dec/oro;
product name - canvas;
product model - D3;
width and height of the canvas - 91x230;
opening type, left - L.

Before ordering doors, you must carefully measure doorways to select the desired size of box, canvas and the required number of additional elements. For interior doors, there are standard opening dimensions with the corresponding designation according to SNiP, and this approach makes it easier to select a door frame according to the table.

Table: relationship between the dimensions of the opening and the dimensions of the door leaf

Existing regulatory documents guarantee a high level of product quality, standardization in size and compliance with environmental requirements; in addition, the consumer can determine the compliance of the product properties declared by the manufacturer with the quality and price level.

Material for the manufacture of interior doors

In the production of interior doors and partitions we use modern materials, which are environmentally friendly, durable, light weight and for a long time operation. These include metal-plastic and glass doors, for which it serves as a frame aluminum profile, and the placeholder is plastic panels or tempered triplex glass with matte finish. But traditional doors with a wooden frame and inserts of glass, MDF panels and panel elements occupy the main niche in the market. The following materials are used in the manufacture of such products:

Pine lumber cleared of defects with a moisture content of no more than 8%, spliced into a tenon using adhesive pressing.
High density particle boards.
Natural veneer from various types of wood with a thickness of 0.6 mm.
Laminating film imitating precious wood.

Laminating film gives doors the texture of natural wood

Corrugated cardboard is used for insulation and sound insulation of inexpensive door panels

The production of inexpensive doors is based on the use of chipboard, laminating film, corrugated cardboard and MDF, while more expensive products use solid wood with milled elements, panels and tempered glass inserts.

The author of the article has six years of experience in using veneered paneled doors shows their significant reliability. But in rooms with high humidity I would like to recommend different kinds laminated doors with additional waterproof coating. After four years of service in the bathroom, the interior veneer panel, despite being treated with liquid wax twice a year, developed whitish stains and streaks from exposure to steam and condensation. There was a need for cosmetic repairs, so it was necessary to sand the surface of the door leaf, degrease it with a solvent, cover it with a coloring compound and waterproof varnish in two layers. To a lesser extent, the same problem appeared in the laundry room, and as for the other doors, minor damage to the veneer and scratches were eliminated by gluing and treating with hard, tinted wax of various shades. After this minor repairs canvases, boxes and extensions acquire their original appearance and serve for more than six years. In dacha conditions during summer living, wooden doors coated with waterproof varnish last more than eight years. In this case, warping and drying out do not occur under conditions of temperature changes and changes in humidity. But it should be noted that the best option for country house construction are metal-plastic doors and frames, which do not change their properties and maintain their geometry under changeable weather conditions.

Equipment for the production of interior doors

The most expensive production of interior doors, in terms of the amount of equipment required, is the production of wood products. Factory products made of metal-plastic and glass require a large number of components and a small number of machines for cutting frames and processing glass panels. Processing of lumber is more saturated with machines, presses and other equipment. Let's consider the equipment that is used for production wooden doors:

band saws

The sawmill allows you to obtain lumber of the required thickness from round timber

Industrial drying chambers allow you to bring lumber to the required level of humidity and avoid warping of the workpieces

The machine is designed for cutting tenons on wooden workpieces

Using a pneumatic press, the door leaf is glued together

Using milling machines, shaped and paneled elements are produced

The list of production parks can be expanded due to the use of various technological and design solutions in the production process of interior doors and components, which has a positive effect on the consumer properties of the final product.

Video: production of interior doors

We reviewed some types of interior doors, production technology, as well as regulatory documents and requirements governing products of this type. For the right choice doors, you need to know the properties of the coating and the material from which they are made. Quality equipment and adherence to production technology ensures resistance to external influences and a long service life of the products. Wide choose design solutions allows you to give the living space an individual look and unique style.

MDF door manufacturing technology

IN modern construction MDF board has confidently taken one of the leading positions among materials for the manufacture of furniture, interior partitions, platbands, door blocks and canvases. This material is a slab made of natural sawdust medium density. The production of MDF involves steam processing under pressure of pre-ground sawdust. After this stage of production is completed, the wood is rubbed to the state of fibers similar to felt discs of a defibrator, the formation of a “carpet” from them, its pressing, drying and sanding.

As a result, the slab is quite dense and homogeneous. Its main advantages are

There is not a single building material that does not have shortcomings. As for MDF, it is worth noting the fact that the integrity of the MDF structure if it is seriously damaged cannot be restored and must be replaced. In addition, you can count on a long service life for furniture or doors made of MDF only if the material is manufactured in full accordance with technological requirements and properly dried.

Key differences in decorative door trim

Painted MDF doors

When using this type of decorative door decoration, enamels and paints can be used, which have good spreadability and elasticity of the resulting product. protective coating. In this way, it is possible to provide the product with an excellent appearance, as well as sufficiently high resistance to external influences (chemical and physical). Factory painting can be done using automatic equipment or manually.

Veneered materials

The process of veneering (or veneering) a material involves gluing it onto base surface MDF decorative layer of veneer made from valuable wood species of one or more species. As a result, the resulting structure takes on the appearance of a solid product, but at the same time loses all the disadvantages associated with the use of solid wood: they become

Laminated MDF doors

Lamination technology involves applying pressure to the front surface of the board. MDF films PVC. Depending on the selected finishing material manage to achieve completely different decorative effects: the product can become glossy or matte, imitating texture natural stone or a certain type of wood. In addition to the decorative qualities of the resulting surface, it is possible to provide increased wear resistance and antistatic properties. The laminated door does not fade in the sun and is not susceptible to chemicals.

Milling

Very widespread (especially in the manufacture of door panels and furniture facades) milling of the material – its relief finishing, which provides great opportunities for new design solutions. To perform such tasks, factories use special computer-controlled machines.

MDF doors and 3D technology

Relatively new technology, which has already begun to be in great demand, have become embossed 3D MDF doors. Their canvases are voluminous veneered surfaces with the natural texture of wood preserved. Today this is the most expensive option for MDF doors of all those listed, but the high cost in this case is entirely based on the complexity of the technology and the low prevalence of enterprises for their production.

Such production takes place in several stages:

a project for the design of the canvas is being developed (a sketch of the drawing is created using computer technology),
a 3D surface is produced: the entire process is aimed at giving the source material a given relief using special equipment (in some cases finishing performed by craftsmen manually);
finishing cladding involves applying a special coating that protects the MDF board from mechanical and chemical damage and direct exposure to ultraviolet radiation (the surface can be given any texture, including fluorescent or “metallic”).

MDF doors: manufacturing technology

Interior doors are never entirely made of MDF panels. When using the standard version of the lightweight fabric design, it includes:

Controversial environmental friendliness of the material

Very often, the real “stumbling block” in choosing MDF doors is the question of their environmental safety. There has always been a lot of controversy about this. But if we consider this issue objectively, there is simply no reason for concern in this case. The material is made from wood processing waste, but at the same time it remains the same wood that is used for the manufacture of solid wood products, but crushed, high blood pressure, heating with steam, pressing.

In the production process such chemical substances like paraffin and formaldehyde resin, which has low toxicity. To bind all components, manufacturers use lignin, which is released independently during the heating of wood. To make MDF, there is simply no need to use phenol or epoxy resins, the fumes of which are hazardous to health. Therefore, there is absolutely no reason to be afraid of installing MDF doors.

How to open a workshop for the production of interior doors

The popularity of interior doors among the population is comparable only with plastic windows. For both the former and the latter, demand is stable even during the economic crisis. But since interior doors serve not only a functional purpose (to open/close access to the room), but also an aesthetic one - they should look impressive and please buyers.

Even if you make doors from environmentally friendly materials (for example, solid wood), but do not give the model a presentation appearance, the business will most likely be doomed to failure.

What does the consumer like? Criterias of choice

Product range– a critical decision for future production. And it should be determined taking into account consumer preferences.

Main types of interior doors:

From the array

The door leaf is made from wood slats (an array of different species - from soft, such as pine, to hard oak and more valuable ones). The bars are spliced using glue and exposure under pressure, the canvas is sanded, calibrated and varnished or coated decorative finishing(for example, veneer of expensive species).

For premium doors, a more complex technology is possible: partial tinting, mosaic fusion, inlay are used, thanks to which the door leaf turns into a real work of art.

Wooden with veneer finishing

Doors of the middle price segment. The base is usually inexpensive wood in the form of boards, fastened into a frame, covered with veneer on the outside.

For voids use various fillers, for example, corrugated cardboard.

Laminated

When laminating, a film of various colors and textures is applied to a base frame made of chipboard or MDF. This production technology makes it possible to imitate various materials(and not only wood), but the wear resistance of such doors is the lowest among all types;

Plastic, aluminum and their various combinations

A combination of materials such as plastic and aluminum is used to equip non-residential premises (offices, medical, government, educational institutions).

According to manufacturers, trends in consumer demand can be characterized as follows: “from cheap to expensive.” Today, veneered doors are most in demand, but with a base not made of chipboard, as was the case a couple of years ago, but made of solid wood. Why?

The reasons are obvious:

reliability – interior doors are subject to quite a large load (especially if there is a child in the house). And a solid mass always outperforms a frame structure, and veneer from hard rocks the wood will be protected by the canvas better than laminate and other film materials;
veneer is homogeneous in structure (compared to furniture panels), so it is easy to choose the most similar doors for different rooms;
naturalness of the material;
price - the cost of doors made of inexpensive wood, lined with veneer, “fits” into the category of the middle price segment (about $250), but they will last much longer than frame products. And if necessary, such doors can be restored.

Organizational form and sales channels

The legal form for a business should be chosen after first assessing the potential buyer.

Here are the options:

large wholesale - construction companies and state-owned enterprises (usually, there is a tender basis, which is quite difficult for a new player in the market to win);
concluding agreements with networks of construction markets and specialized stores;
sales through own retail outlets;
dealer network.

In practice, an enterprise engaged in the production of interior doors is rarely limited to one sales option - to increase sales, all available “channels” should be developed.

Therefore, the optimal organizational form would be entity– LLC (many construction companies and supermarkets simply do not cooperate with individual entrepreneurs).

The following codes must be indicated in the types of activities:

20.30.1 Production of wood building structures and carpentry;
51.53.24 Wholesale trade of others building materials.

A license for the production of interior doors is not required. But if you plan to provide installation as an additional service, please note that without special permission, installation of door panels is only allowed in place of existing openings. If the project involves expansion or any other change in the opening, then an appropriate construction license is required.

Production technology of interior doors

Let's consider the full technological cycle for the production of interior doors made of solid wood with veneer cladding.

1. The production cycle begins with sawing wood (logs) using high-precision band sawmills, which ensures a minimum level of defects.

2. Afterwards, the boards go to a special place - a drying complex, equipped with chambers with mechanized loading. The drying process is completed by controlling the moisture content of the material.

3. Then the board is dissolved into separate bars (lamellas) of the required section. All defects are removed from the slats - material with knots, irregularities, which can affect the quality of the future door.

4. On a special splicing line, defect-free blanks are glued lengthwise into a furniture panel. The strength of the door leaf is ensured by the adhesive finger joint individual blanks. The glued beams are processed on four sides on milling machines to the required cross-section.

5. Gluing lamellas along the width for the production of canvases and individual elements doors, is carried out in vertical presses. At the stage of this operation, the perpendicular arrangement of fibers in adjacent beams is strictly controlled, which guarantees high resistance of future doors to various deformations during operation.

6. To give the load-bearing structures of the door high rigidity and stability of shape, the door leaf is covered with veneer, the production of which takes place on a separate production line.

7. To produce veneer, whole logs are used, which are pre-steamed (in a steam chamber for 3 days), and then centered and sanded on a bark trimming machine to remove the bark and bast layer.

8. Next stage - circular trimming. The log is constantly rotating, and the machine removes a thin layer of veneer from it, only 0.6 cm thick. An average log produces about 134 linear meters of veneer.

9. The veneer is then unrolled and cut into sheets. Sheets with the same fiber pattern are stacked. From these, parts are subsequently selected for external cladding doors.

10. To give the door special wear resistance, three layers of veneer are used (in the economical version, they are replaced with MDF or chipboard with one layer of veneer).

To do this, glue is applied on both sides to the middle layer of the veneer sheet and sent under a hot press. Here, at temperatures above 100 C, the middle sheet sticks tightly to the other two. After a minute and a half, the glue hardens, forming a highly durable top layer - plywood for the door leaf. This finish is made from a variety of wood species (birch, oak, beech, ash and others).

11. Veneered plywood is applied to the door leaf glued together from lamellas, and placed under a cold press for 30-40 minutes until the glue dries. Next, all components of the door structure are polished and checked for compliance in order to eliminate the presence of unacceptable gaps or differences in further assembly.

12. Next, the length/width of the product is measured. The door is sent to a machine that chamfers and cuts the edges to the specified dimensions. On the next machine, the grooves for the hinges are hollowed out.

13. A hole is cut for the door handle.

14. Then, the product is sanded and varnished and dried. All parts of the structure are assembled into one whole, equipped with fittings, packaged and sent to the warehouse.

Regulatory documents and certification of interior structures

Interior doors are not subject to mandatory certification by law, but the presence of a document confirming the quality mark and compliance with standards significantly raises the level of the manufacturer in the eyes of the buyer and creates a positive image of the company.

And in order for the doors to pass all tests, you must adhere to the recommendations and requirements specified in:

GOST 475-78 – Wooden doors. General technical conditions;
GOST 28786-90: Wooden doors. Method for determining resistance to climatic factors;
GOST 26602.3-99: Window and door blocks. Method for determining sound insulation;
GOST 26602.2-99: Window and door blocks. Methods for determining air and water permeability;
GOST 26602.1-99: Window and door blocks. Methods for determining heat transfer resistance;
ST SEV 3285-81 - Wooden doors. Reliability testing methods;
ST SEV 4181-83 - Wooden doors. Method for determining flatness;
ST SEV 4180-83 - Wooden doors. Impact test method

Raw materials for the manufacture of interior doors

In the production of interior wooden doors you can use ready materials(furniture board, plywood, MDF, veneer) or blanks (edged boards, solid logs). The first option greatly simplifies the technology. The second one reduces costs and increases profits, but requires large capital investments. Therefore, only large factories focused on mass production of interior doors can afford a full technological cycle.

Medium and small businesses prefer to increase their capacity using ready-made materials as raw materials. And after the initial investment has been repaid and if expansion is possible, open a separate workshop for the production of furniture panels, veneer and other materials in close proximity to the logging site.

Premises for the production of interior doors

Basic requirements for a production workshop– dryness (a prerequisite for storing materials, products and working with wood), the presence of heating and all necessary communications, three-phase network, access roads for transport.

The size of the workshop varies depending on the volume of production and the completeness of the technological cycle. If an enterprise for the production of doors from edged boards requires an area of at least 400 m2, then for small production from finished furniture panels 100-120 m2 will be sufficient.

heated warehouse for primary drying of wood;
manufacturing facility;
separate room for applying paint and varnish;
a place for assembly and storage of finished products.

Estimated business plan

1. Renting premises

For the production of interior doors from natural wood (oak, pine) with veneer veneer of various types of wood by the enterprise (LLC on common system taxation) rented production premises with an area of 450 m 2.

2. Plans for production volumes

Planned production output: 800 l.m/year

Ways of implementation:

through our own warehouse store;
through a network of construction supermarkets;
on a contractual basis with construction contractors.

3. Capital costs

Equipment for the production of solid wood doors:

drying chamber – 35 thousand rubles;
band sawmill – 110 thousand rubles (Fig. 15);
tenon cutting machine for trimming lamellas and cutting tenon joints – 170 thousand rubles;
cross-cutting press – 220 thousand rubles (Fig. 16);
pneumatic press for forming a shield – 180 thousand rubles (Fig. 17);
format-cutting machine for sawing lumber – 200 thousand rubles;
milling and copying machine – 90 thousand rubles (Fig. 18);
grinding machine – 100 thousand rubles (Fig. 19);
auxiliary equipment (construction tools) – 50 thousand rubles.

Equipment for the production of MDF doors

The production of doors from wood and materials made from it is one of the most promising options - for both large and small businesses. In order to open such a workshop, you will have to not only purchase a list of necessary equipment, but also become familiar with all the production nuances.

Based on the video in this article, we will discuss how the production of MDF doors is carried out; Let's look at the mechanisms by which certain technological operations are performed; and we’ll tell you what capabilities this or that machine or tool has in general.

To get quality products

Therefore, the manufacturer must offer the buyer cheap doors without decorative coating, and elite ones made of natural wood, and the golden mean in the form of laminated and veneered products (see Veneered doors: what they are and how they are made). The task is made easier by the fact that the equipment for the production of MDF doors is equally successfully used for the production of solid wood doors. Therefore, the list of machines and devices that we will present during our article will be general.

Preparation of material

Edged boards and timber used in door production must undergo a drying procedure. There are several ways to reduce wood moisture, and the simplest of them is natural.

But it takes a lot of time, so production uses drying chambers for this purpose. This is a stationary box with a ventilation system in which the temperature is maintained from +40 to +100 degrees.

First, when the fan is running, the lumber is heated with steam, and then the temperature is gradually brought to the desired temperature. Since the design features of drying chambers may differ, the principle of working with them is determined by the manufacturer’s instructions.
Warm-up time depends on the type of wood, and the essence of drying is not only to normalize humidity, but also to relieve stress from its internal fibers. Once the required humidity percentage is reached, the tree is not immediately removed from the chamber, but is kept in it for up to three hours. If poorly dried material is used in production, the products will be deformed.

The cost of a drying chamber depends on its capacity, and the minimum is 2 million rubles. Not everyone has such means, so some craftsmen make them with their own hands. A room is allocated for this, the surfaces of which are well insulated, vapors are insulated using foil, a fan and heating elements are installed. Infrared film for underfloor heating is often used for this purpose, as it is very economical in terms of energy consumption.

Equipment for calibrating and cutting material

Multi-rip machines

The capabilities of this machine make it possible to mass produce molded blanks, including from sheet and slab materials: plywood, chipboard, fibreboard, MDF, furniture board.

Note! Machines with a multi-saw system are suitable for both longitudinal and transverse processing. Depending on the type of unit, it may contain up to two dozen saws. Their layout is standard, and is very similar to a sawmill, but unlike a multi-saw machine, several workpieces cannot be made at the same time on a sawmill.

In addition, workpieces passed through a multi-saw unit are characterized by greater geometric accuracy. All its working elements are located on the frame, and in some models there is also a material supply line, which is a roller conveyor.
The material supply unit is driven by an electric motor and consists of spiked shafts that ensure uniform movement of workpieces. The sawing unit can consist of several or one shaft on which circular saws are mounted. By the way, they can be located not only in the vertical plane, but also horizontally.

Cross cutting machines

When working with any long material, it is impossible to do without miter saws. In a small workshop, carpenters can use manual options, but for large volumes of work they need a machine.

Trimming is the name given to cross-cutting wood materials, with the help of which the workpiece is given the shape of a rectangle and a workpiece of a certain length is obtained.

When the enterprise has a dryer, one cross-cutting machine can be installed on the site where raw material is sorted, and the second is used for cutting already calibrated timber or boards. Such equipment has quite a lot of potential.

In addition to trimming the ends, this is dividing the workpiece into 2 parts; identification of an area with a defect, which is automatically removed during sawing; cutting blanks of a certain length. All these operations can be performed by the machine either simultaneously or one by one. Here a lot depends on the equipment of the machine, its settings, as well as the task at hand.
As in multi-saw machines, circular saws with teeth made of hard alloys are used here. However, they have a different sharpening angle, since the wood has to be cut across the grain. A saw with regular teeth cuts the material like clockwork, rather than tearing or crushing it.

Since the cross-cutting cycle is periodic, the moving parts of the machine do not have time to heat up too much, so the mechanism works properly for a long time. The only thing, for ease of operation, the cross-cutting machine must have a convenient device for feeding workpieces. Usually this is either a conveyor or a roller table - a roller table, the price of which, depending on the length, varies between 16,000-25,000 rubles.

To ensure that when sawing there is no discrepancy between the required and actual dimensions of the products, all measuring instruments on the machine, as well as the stop ruler on the roller table, must be periodically checked and adjusted. To obtain the most accurate parameters, modern cross-cutting machines are equipped with optical devices, which also need to be adjusted from time to time.

Format saw

To do this using any other machines or tools, even if it is possible, will require a lot of time and effort, which is simply unacceptable for mass production of joinery products. In general, production efficiency largely depends on the overall functionality of machines for format cutting.
All of them are professional, and are divided into three categories. The first group contains the simplest economy class models, with small dimensions, and without additional equipment with stops, rulers and clamps. Such machines can operate for no more than five hours at a time, and are designed for a relatively small volume - ideal for a small private workshop.

The second category includes medium-power machines that can work a full shift (at least 8 hours) and are provided with all the necessary devices and components. In particular, they can be equipped with a dust extraction device. Well, the third option is industrial machines that have the most durable design, full equipment, electronic control circuit, and are capable of working for two shifts.
The basis of any machine is the bed on which all working mechanisms are mounted. The stiffer and heavier it is, the less vibration and the higher the cutting accuracy. Two saw blades are mounted on the bed. There is a cutting disc in front - it has a smaller diameter, and its function is to trim the top (facing) layer on the workpiece.

The material is finally cut by the main disk, the size of which determines the depth of the cut. This arrangement of the discs allows you to produce high-quality cuts, with smooth edges and without chips. The formatting machine has three work tables: one movable, on which a full-size MDF sheet is fed for cutting; the second support, which should support the cut parts. The third, fixed table, on which, in fact, the saw unit is fixed, is the main one.

To cut a workpiece on such a machine, the sheet is placed on a movable table, which moves along guides with a carriage. Using the stop, measure the required length and start the saw mechanism. As soon as it picks up speed, the sheet is fed to the saw unit by moving the table, and a fragment is cut off. From the settings in the formatting machine: only depth and angle of cut.

Equipment for milling and cutting tenons

Thus, a wood milling machine can be considered a universal mechanism. The height of the cutter, located on a movable vertical shaft, can be adjusted. But the position of the part being processed is limited by stops and guides.

In a small workshop, you can get by with a manual milling cutter, a version of which is presented above, but for mass production of joinery, they use computer numerically controlled machines. Manufacturers offer a huge range of such equipment, which has a variety of characteristics and is controlled by operating systems.
With a router on a vertical shaft you can countersink, that is, produce conical holes; bore them; dado. With the help of such machines, the edges of workpieces are processed and frames are made. But mirror-symmetrical, or absolutely identical, shaped blanks: drawers, panels (see Door panel: how to make and install) cannot be made without a copy-type milling machine.
The door frame is most often assembled using the tenon method. Tenons at the ends of the workpieces, as well as recesses for them (eyes), can only be obtained using a tenon-cutting machine. The working mechanisms in it are also cutters and saws. Just like other milling machines, tenoning units can be equipped with CNC and controlled by a microprocessor.

In any case, it is possible to make an oval or round tenon only on such equipment. In addition to cutting tenons, computer-controlled machines can be used to trim the perimeter of the door leaf, process calibrated sheet material, and splice bars along the length, which is sometimes necessary for the manufacture of panel doors.

Note! In addition to the basic woodworking machines mentioned above, door production will also require additional equipment with which finished panels and molded products are finished.

This includes a hydraulic press, which is used to cover MDF door skins with veneer, and an edge banding machine, with which narrow strips of veneer are glued to the ends of the panels. This can include a painting booth, a press for gluing bars, a surface grinder, and a packaging machine - otherwise how to transport the products?

As you can see, the list of equipment is quite large, and it is clear that in order to equip a carpentry shop, you need to spend a lot of money. But don’t forget this: the presence of machines and the necessary tools does not guarantee a high-quality result. Ultimately, everything depends on the professional competence of the people working on this equipment.

Interior doors are a necessary part of residential, industrial and office premises. When choosing door leaves and additional elements, you need to know how and according to what rules they are made, as well as understand the advantages and disadvantages of the materials used in the production of doors. Modern manufacturers use high-tech equipment, which allows them to produce a large number of high-quality products with various types of coating and modern design.

Manufacturing technology of interior doors

The most complex and multi-link technological process occurs in the manufacture of doors using wooden elements. The fact is that timber that has not gone through a full cycle of pre-drying and processing is susceptible to warping and cracking. To avoid losses in the quality of the final product, it is necessary to pay great attention to the preliminary preparation of wood using certain technological techniques. The manufacturing process of interior doors includes the following steps:

Pine timber (round timber) is sawn into blanks using band saws with automatic log feeding.
Logs are sawn into pieces of the required thickness
Workpieces are processed high temperature and steam in drying chambers to avoid uneven drying and warping of wood. At the end of the drying process, mandatory humidity control is carried out.
Drying of lumber is carried out under the influence of steam and high temperature
The dried blanks are cut into bars of technological cross-section and defective fragments (chips, knots, cracked and rotten areas) that can affect the quality of the door frame and leaf are removed from them.
Defective areas are cut out from the workpiece cut into timber.
Then the blanks are spliced using tenons, glue and a vertical press into a shield, from which, after drying and cutting, a door leaf is obtained.
Using a vertical press, a door panel blank is produced
After sanding, the canvas is covered with three-layer veneer or MDF panels with one layer of veneer and placed in a press for gluing.
At the next stage, shaped decorative elements, panels or openings for glazing are cut out using a milling and engraving machine, and after assembly, the door panels are coated with three layers of varnish with intermediate and final sanding.
During final assembly, paneled elements or glazing are installed
After final drying, the products are packaged, supplied with accessories if necessary, and sent to the consumer.

Video: making solid wood doors

Rules and regulations for the production of interior doors

Door blocks are manufactured using equipment located in large production areas. These premises have certain requirements, as do industrial facilities, which include timber warehouses, dryers, a processing shop, a paint and varnish department and a finished product warehouse. Each production site is set up according to the rules and regulations, in accordance with the technical conditions for a specific task. The main requirements for industrial premises for the production of doors are the following criteria:

availability of free access roads;
buildings must ensure stable temperature, humidity, natural and artificial lighting;
electricity supply, heating, ventilation, water supply and sewerage must be provided;
premises must be equipped with fire alarms, fire extinguishing equipment and emergency exits;
it is necessary to ensure safe working conditions in the workplace;
paint areas must be isolated from other rooms and provided with fresh ventilation.

The production facility must be equipped in accordance with standards

Current GOST standards for the production of interior doors

The technical characteristics of doors are determined by standards that set general technical conditions or methods for determining the physical parameters and dimensions of the finished product. Many manufacturers create products in non-standard sizes, but with strict adherence to quality requirements. The consumer may be interested in the list of regulatory standards by which manufacturers of interior doors operate, namely:

General requirements for wooden doors with a list of regulatory documents are established by GOST 6629–88, and the requirements for wood products are set out in GOST 475–78.
Design options for interior doors, their types and sizes are specified in GOST 24698–81.
Requirements for accessories, fasteners and hinges are prescribed by GOST 538–88.
Methods for determining sound insulation, heat transfer resistance and air permeability are regulated by GOST 26602.
Determination of the flatness of the door leaf is carried out according to the standard ST SEV 4181–83.
The methodology for testing reliability is set out in ST SEV 3285–81.
Impact load resistance is carried out according to the method specified in ST SEV 4180–83.

The accompanying documents for finished products must contain a symbol for door panels, for example, U05195 VERSAL pat. 1014 dec/oro leaf D3 91x 230 L, which means the following door parameters:

article - U05195;
the trade name of a certain collection is VERSAL;
type of finish/color − pat. 1014 dec/oro;
product name - canvas;
product model - D3;
width and height of the canvas - 91x230;
opening type, left - L.

Before ordering doors, you must carefully measure the doorways in order to select the desired standard size of the frame, leaf and the required number of additional elements. For interior doors, there are standard opening dimensions with the corresponding designation according to SNiP, and this approach makes it easier to select a door frame according to the table.

Table: relationship between the dimensions of the opening and the dimensions of the door leaf

Material for the manufacture of interior doors

In the production of interior doors and partitions, modern materials are used, which are environmentally friendly, durable, light in weight and have a long service life. These include metal-plastic and glass doors, the frame for which is an aluminum profile, and the filler is plastic panels or tempered triplex glass with a matte finish. But traditional doors with a wooden frame and inserts of glass, MDF panels and panel elements occupy the main niche in the market. The following materials are used in the manufacture of such products:

Pine lumber cleared of defects with a moisture content of no more than 8%, spliced into a tenon using adhesive pressing.
High density particle boards.
Natural veneer from various types of wood with a thickness of 0.6 mm.
Laminating film imitating precious wood.
Laminating film gives doors the texture of natural wood
MDF panels of various thicknesses are used for cladding door panels and creating paneled elements.
Frosted, triplex or tempered glass, used for light-diffusing and decorative inserts into the door leaf.
Corrugated cardboard is used in budget options, as soundproofing inserts into the canvas between the beams of the frame.
Corrugated cardboard is used for insulation and sound insulation of inexpensive door panels
Wax and waterproof coatings, tinting compounds and varnishes.
Glue such as “Kleyberit 303.2”, MERITIN GLUE D3 and others, is used for industrial gluing of fragments of canvases, door frames and additional elements.

The author’s six-year experience in using veneered panel doors shows their significant reliability. But in rooms with high humidity, I would like to recommend various types of laminated doors with an additional waterproof coating. After four years of service in the bathroom, the interior veneer panel, despite being treated with liquid wax twice a year, developed whitish stains and streaks from exposure to steam and condensation. There was a need for cosmetic repairs, so it was necessary to sand the surface of the door leaf, degrease it with a solvent, cover it with a coloring compound and waterproof varnish in two layers. To a lesser extent, the same problem appeared in the laundry room, and as for the other doors, minor damage to the veneer and scratches were eliminated by gluing and treating with hard, tinted wax of various shades. After such minor repairs, the canvas, boxes and extensions acquire their original appearance and serve for more than six years. In dacha conditions during summer living, wooden doors coated with waterproof varnish last more than eight years. In this case, warping and drying out do not occur under conditions of temperature changes and changes in humidity. But it should be noted that the best option for country house construction are metal-plastic doors and frames, which do not change their properties and maintain their geometry under changeable weather conditions.

Equipment for the production of interior doors

Sawmills and band saws used for cutting round timber.
The sawmill allows you to obtain lumber of the required thickness from round timber
Thermal chambers with steam supply for drying lumber.
Industrial drying chambers allow you to bring lumber to the required level of humidity and avoid warping of the workpieces
Equipment for veneer production.
Tenon cutting machine for frame and door leaf.
Using a pneumatic press, the door leaf is glued together
Circular saws and sizing machines for cutting workpieces to size.
Copy-milling machines with program control for decorating door panels.
Using milling machines, shaped and paneled elements are produced
Grinding machines for intermediate and finishing products.
Paint and varnish equipment.

Video: production of interior doors

We reviewed some types of interior doors, production technology, as well as regulatory documents and requirements governing products of this type. To choose the right doors, you need to know the properties of the coating and the material from which they are made. High-quality equipment and adherence to production technology ensure resistance to external influences and a long service life of products. A wide selection of design solutions allows you to give your living space an individual look and unique style.

The market segment for the production of interior doors will always be in demand. Good, high-quality interior doors will always find their buyer and give a good profit.

So, what is needed to organize a business producing oak and other wooden interior doors from timber?

Types of doors

Before purchasing equipment and renting premises for the production of wooden interior doors, it is necessary to determine the range of products to be produced in the future.

Wooden doors come in the following types:

From solid wood of various species. Such interior doors are made from wooden blocks of high-quality expensive wood, which are spliced together. The resulting solid wood is sanded, calibrated and varnished to the required shade. Mosaic splicing and tinting in bars is possible. In such cases, the resulting array is coated with colorless varnish. Entire paintings are laid out for VIP doors.
Veneered (veneered) doors. The production of such interior doors involves lining doors made of boards, solid wood or wooden frame technology with veneer made from valuable wood, which is filled with honeycomb cardboard. They are in no way inferior in appearance doors from natural massif, but they are less durable, more capricious in operation and, if not properly maintained, will require immediate restoration. The owner of a workshop for the production of wooden interior doors, when producing products of this type and providing a guarantee, must keep the veneer suitable for the sold interior doors in order to eliminate defects during the warranty period;
Laminated. It is an economy class door in which a laminated film of the texture and color selected by the customer is applied to a wooden frame. The price of such doors depends on the method of applying such a coating and its composition.

In this article we consider technological scheme launching a workshop for the production of interior doors made of sawn oak.

Range of products

door frames;
platbands;
interior doors;
products for linear meter– door array, etc.

Product sales channels

The organization does not plan to implement self-installation of its products, finished products will be sold through such sales channels as: 1) wholesale trade interior doors for construction organizations that renovate offices, apartments, etc.; 2) retail outlets selling building materials, windows and doors; 3) construction hypermarkets and large specialized stores.

Raw materials for production

Planned raw materials for the production of interior doors:

Timber. Price cubic meter lumber, for example, oak, will be approximately equal to 5000-7000 rubles per cubic meter.
Adhesive for end jointing of beams. Such glue is Kleiberit 303.2. Its consumption is 160 grams per square meter. The price for a container weighing 1 ton will be approximately 110 thousand rubles.

Equipment for the production of

You will need the following equipment for the production of interior doors:

Band sawmill. You can, of course, buy ready-made boards and beams, but then the doors will be very expensive. Price from 110-130 thousand rubles.
Drying chamber. Necessary for faster drying of wood. In general, this process will need to be approached with all seriousness, because... if you do not dry the wood, then the doors will warp, and this will lead to negative reviews of your products and general dissatisfaction with your customers. Who will need such products, in which cracks will then form due to continued drying? No one.
Tenoning machine. About 200 thousand rubles. Designed for precise trimming and cutting mini-tenons on workpieces for their subsequent splicing. Those. he makes "locks".
End splice press. From 220 thousand rubles. As a matter of fact, this press is just engaged in splicing through the ends and cuts that the previous machine made.
Pneumatic press for splicing wooden panels. Thanks to it, the entire shield is formed from the previously obtained parts. From 200 thousand rubles.
Slitting machines. 220 thousand rubles. Designed for sawing lumber. They perform longitudinal, transverse, and also sawing of lumber at an angle.
Milling and copying machine. About 150 thousand rubles. Produces exact copies of wooden parts, which saves a lot of time in the production of similar parts.

The total cost of purchasing equipment (without a dryer) for the production of interior doors will be about 1.5 million rubles. Dryers are not sold ready-made, but are made to order. Therefore, we cannot indicate their price here, because... prices vary greatly.

Production technology

The entire manufacturing technology of interior doors consists of the following production stages:

Sawing of raw materials;
Drying of workpieces;
Dissolution of unedged boards;
Cutting tenons and splicing workpieces;
Cutting and calibration of defective areas;
Glue is applied and the blanks are spliced into a wooden panel;
Calibration of canvas sizes;
Sanding the coating;
Varnishing and application of a special solution;
Final drying of the finished product.

Interior doors made of MDF received last years very widespread. After all, chipboard is a material containing urea-formaldehyde or phenol-formaldehyde resins, and wood is expensive, easily absorbs moisture, and is sensitive to fungal diseases. In addition, interior doors made of MDF look great, are relatively inexpensive, and also do not pose any danger to the health of people and pets - they can be installed both in the bedroom and in the children's room. Add here high strength and wear resistance, absolute inertness to environment and you will understand the reasons why MDF doors are popular.

The DEMFA company, as a manufacturer, has been producing interior doors from MDF since 1999. For painting we use only moisture-resistant polyurethane coatings, as well as high-quality patina and acrylic lacquer on water based. It is the concern for the health and wallet of the consumer that makes our products popular. The products of the DEMF company are represented by several model directions of door leaves, each of which can be further modified to suit your interior design. We are also engaged in the production of moldings and capitals, doors for the delivery of residential properties (construction doors).

We paint MDF interior doors in two basic colors: WHITE and CREAM. However, the client can choose any other shade from the RAL catalog, where 213 different colors are presented color solutions. The capital and other moldings can be painted in the same color. The DEMFA company does not recognize any boundaries in terms of interior design. It is also possible to weakly and strongly patina interior doors in various shades (basic - silver and gold) - it looks very impressive!

Since the production of MDF doors in the DEMF company is carried out according to a weekly planning scheme, we fulfill even large wholesale orders very quickly. As a rule, the waiting period varies from one week to a month. Moreover, in our warehouse we have a large stock of the most popular items in two main colors (WHITE and CREAM) - if you are looking for a standard solution for an office or home that will fit into any interior design, you can pick up the ordered interior doors almost the same day order! In addition to standard models, we manufacture custom products:

Not standard in height, width,
painting and patination of sides in different colors,
full or partial patination of the door leaf and moldings,
applying drawings to the door leaf using milling technology.

Cold production technology for MDF interior doors. Production of MDF doors - factory of painted damp doors. Materials for creating wooden doors

Preparation of material

Equipment for calibrating and cutting material

Multi-rip machines

Cross cutting machines

Format saw

Equipment for milling and cutting tenons

Door block design

Box timber manufacturing technology

Manufacturing technology of platband and additional trim

Production of interior doors

Manufacturing technology of interior doors

Video: making solid wood doors

Rules and regulations for the production of interior doors

Current GOST standards for the production of interior doors

Table: relationship between the dimensions of the opening and the dimensions of the door leaf

Material for the manufacture of interior doors

Equipment for the production of interior doors

Video: production of interior doors

MDF door manufacturing technology

Key differences in decorative door trim

Painted MDF doors

Veneered materials

Laminated MDF doors

Milling

MDF doors and 3D technology

MDF doors: manufacturing technology

Controversial environmental friendliness of the material

How to open a workshop for the production of interior doors

What does the consumer like? Criterias of choice

From the array

Wooden with veneer finishing

Laminated

Plastic, aluminum and their various combinations

Organizational form and sales channels

Production technology of interior doors

Regulatory documents and certification of interior structures

Raw materials for the manufacture of interior doors

Premises for the production of interior doors

Estimated business plan

1. Renting premises

2. Plans for production volumes

3. Capital costs

Equipment for the production of MDF doors

To get quality products

Preparation of material

Equipment for calibrating and cutting material

Multi-rip machines

Cross cutting machines

Format saw

Equipment for milling and cutting tenons

Manufacturing technology of interior doors

Video: making solid wood doors

Rules and regulations for the production of interior doors

Current GOST standards for the production of interior doors

Table: relationship between the dimensions of the opening and the dimensions of the door leaf

Material for the manufacture of interior doors

Equipment for the production of interior doors

Video: production of interior doors

Types of doors

Range of products

Product sales channels

Raw materials for production

Equipment for the production of

Production technology

Regular and irregular English verbs

Where did the Romanov dynasty come from?