DIY landscape design. Decorative climbing honeysuckle: planting, care and propagation

In the spring, gardeners are faced with the task of how to decorate the area, what to plant, to add beauty and charm to the garden. An amazing decorative climbing honeysuckle comes to the rescue. It can quickly grow on the site and decorate a wall, fence, gazebo or arch. Expert advice will help you figure out how to properly grow, protect from diseases and propagate this beautiful plant.

The shrub is used as decorative decoration. This plant can add a unique charm to the garden, create coziness and fill the space with aroma. The area will fill up bright colors, if you plant different types of honeysuckle.

The plant is loved by gardeners for its unpretentiousness, beauty and fragrance. The stems of the plant rise up and obediently wrap around the supports, so it is ideal for vertical gardening.

Climbing honeysuckle (Lonicera periclymenum) is a climbing shrub. The species of the genus Honeysuckle belongs to the Honeysuckle Family.

Carl Linnaeus, the famous botanist, gave the name to this species of shrub - Lonicera. In memory of the German scientist Adam Lonitzer, who lived in the 15th century. The description of the plant first appeared in the works of Stepan Krasheninnikov, a famous Russian explorer of the 18th century. Honeysuckle has spread throughout Russia since the beginning of the 20th century.

Types of decorative climbing honeysuckle

There are many species of this plant in nature. The following are popular:

1. The most common honeysuckle is Honeysuckle. From mid-May it is strewn with flowers, and by the end of summer it wears beads of bright berries. Frost-resistant. Up to 6 meters in height.
2. Climbing honeysuckle has flowers in white, purple and pink. Flowers of the “Serotina” variety are crimson in color. The fruits are poisonous.
3. Brown's honeysuckle does not tolerate frost well. It has flowers of the original carrot color, and the “Dropmore Scarlet” variety is orange. The height of the bush is 5 meters.
4. Tatarian honeysuckle is the hardiest species. Flowers are white and pink. The varieties “Amold red”, “Morgen Orange”, “Elegant” have red flowers. They are bred throughout the Middle Volga, Kazakhstan, from Siberia to Altai.
5. Honeysuckle Korolkova is distinguished by abundant flowering in lilac and pink shades. Unpretentious, loves the sun.
6. Gerald's honeysuckle is frost-resistant, does not shed its leaves in the winter, the flowers are yellow in color and fragrant.
7. Type of honeysuckle - Hecrota. Abundant yellow-pink blooms. The height of the bush is up to 4 meters. Blooms for a long time.
8. Maaka honeysuckle is frost-resistant. Large white flowers, pleasant aroma. Bushes up to 3-4 meters in height.
9. Honeysuckle Serotina blooms all summer. The aroma is delicate, like the aroma of linden. The flowers are burgundy-brownish, moth-shaped.
10. Japanese honeysuckle. It is distinguished by the originality of its foliage. The leaves are light green with yellow veins. Afraid of frost.
11. True honeysuckle grows in the forests and groves of Russia. Or wolfberries. Distinguished by flowers white and red berries.
12. Georgian honeysuckle and Caucasian honeysuckle are known in the Caucasus. The flowers are purple. The fruits are red and black.
13. Honeysuckle evergreen - the most frost-resistant type. All summer the vines are strewn with flowers of a raspberry hue on the outside and yellow on the outside. inside flower.

Description of Honeysuckle Honeysuckle

Gardeners are most fond of the decorative climbing honeysuckle Honeysuckle.

Description:

1. Honeysuckle Honeysuckle (decorative inedible vine). Lonicera Caprifolium tolerates heat and cold. It blooms from the second half of May and exudes an extraordinary aroma throughout the month. Honeysuckle is called Honeysuckle, a fragrant vine. The height of the plant reaches 4-5 meters. The branches are strewn with flowers. The flowers are complex, unusual and change color as they bloom.
2. The name "Caprifol" means "goat leaf". The appearance of the flower resembles the horns of a goat and originally grew in an area where goats roamed.
3. The shoots are bare and green. During the season they grow 1-2 meters. Life expectancy of a shrub good care-50 years. Old shoots with dense bark. The branches have suction cups that are attached to the trellis or wall. The leaves of the vine are dense, medium-sized, green. Oval or oblong. The leaves on the shoot grow together at the base.
4. The color of the flowers ranges from light pink to burgundy. Inside yellowish, white, outside dark, purple colors. The shape is unusual. The stamens are long, protrude far, collected in bunches, located at the base of fused leaves.
5. In flowering time May to July - they emit a pleasant aroma. It intensifies in the evening.
   The fruits are orange-red, small, round. 6-7 mm in diameter, bitter, inedible.
6. The stalks are short, the berries are glued to the leaves. Bright berries look beautiful against the background of green leaves. This adds charm and sophistication to the garden. Grows preferably in sunny and warm places. Tolerates light shade and city conditions well.
7. The place should be protected from drafts if possible. Loves to climb onto a wall with trellises on it.
8. Honeysuckle tolerates frost and drought, and is undemanding to watering. Feels great on different soils. Tolerates acidic and salty soil. Does not lose its attractiveness on rocky ground.
9. All types of climbing ornamental honeysuckle decorate the garden from spring to autumn. They give the site mystery and privacy. Climbing vines are used in landscape design for decorating a playground, decorating a gazebo, fencing from neighbors, decorating a barn or an unpresentable wall. Often used to decorate pillars.
10. Also, honeysuckle is used to decorate the entrances of offices, shops, and clinics located on the ground floors.

Planting decorative honeysuckle

The best time for planting is April, May. In spring the plant wakes up. You can also plant in the fall. The soil must be free of weeds before planting. The soil should be rich in nutrients. Soil reaction preferably PH 5.5-6.5. If the soil is acidified, add lime. Before planting, add 200 grams of lime per 1 m2 to the soil.

Buy honeysuckle seedlings in plastic containers with fertilizers. In this case, the root system is not damaged and will take root well. Bare root seedlings are planted in the fall or in early spring when the plant is dormant.

To plant you need:

1. Two or three days before planting, dig holes at a distance of 2.5-3 meters.
2. Place drainage in the form of expanded clay, crushed stone or other.
3. Add fertile soil. For 2 buckets of compost - 50 grams of superphosphate and 1 kilogram of ash. For sandy soil, add clay.
4. Water generously.
5. Place the seedling in the center, on a small hill.
6. Cover with soil, do not deepen the root collar.
7. Water and add soil.
8. The ground around the seedling is mulched.

Water frequently and cover with dry grass for the winter.

Care

Honeysuckle does not require special care. Every spring it is necessary to apply organic fertilizers and water with ash solution. In hot weather, it is advisable to water abundantly, loosen and cover the root system with mulch.

Adult plants are fed with humus in the spring. In summer they add mineral fertilizer or mullein infusion. It is best to do this before mid-July. It is best to prune and shape the bush in the spring. When there are no living buds yet.

To ensure that honeysuckle does not suffer from aphids, insects and larvae, tree trunk circle sprinkle with superphosphate, ash or lime. For the winter, spray with a 5% urea solution. For prophylaxis, use the drug Bitoxibacillin or Lepocid. With the onset of cold weather, it is better to protect the vine from freezing.

Honeysuckle propagation

• cuttings;
• seeds;
• layering;
• rhizome division;

For cuttings, it is necessary to prepare a sand-peat mixture. The branches are cut into cuttings with three internodes. You can hold it in Kornevin’s solution or simply dip it in the powder. After this, the cuttings are buried in the prepared mixture. The twigs take root. In spring, cuttings are planted in the ground.

To plant seeds, you need to take seeds from the second year. Sow in spring. Remove the seeds from the fruit, wash, dry, and stratify. After this, they are sown for seedlings. Ready grown seedlings are transplanted in the summer to permanent place residence.

An easy way to propagate Honeysuckle is by layering. To do this, a branch of a growing vine is buried in the ground and fixed in several places with staples. A small cut is first made on the branch. Roots grow at the site of the incision. After this, the branch is separated and transplanted to another place.

In the fall, the rhizomes of the plant are divided. The root is dug up and divided into parts. Parts of the roots are dug in and covered. In spring, young shoots grow.

Trimming

In order for the Honeysuckle vine to have a decent appearance, it is necessary to arrange a support. The support can be wooden, metal, strong mesh or twine. The shoots spread out and create an oasis of color. When the shoot has grown, it is shortened.

Cut off the top. After this, young side branches grow. Caprifoli has one peculiarity. The stems of honeysuckle are attached to the surface by their roots and weave around the support counterclockwise. Pruning gives the bush shape and rejuvenates the plant.

Diseases and pests

In the summer, in the heat, Honeysuckle is under attack spider mite. In this case, the leaves of the vine curl into tubes. The plant is susceptible to powdery mildew and aphids. To protect the plant from pests, the bushes are treated with fungicides. The gardener chooses the product independently or with the help of a specialist. Advice can also be found on the Internet. It is preferable to do the processing in advance.

If the soil is sandy or simply depleted, then organic humus from composted manure is added under the roots of the climbing honeysuckle. Compost made from food waste is also suitable. Organic matter promotes the growth of soil bacteria and improves soil structure.

It turns out to be a perpetual organic engine, which is maintained by worms. You can forget about expensive imported fertilizers. There is no need to fertilize plants with nitrates, which destroy the human body. Organic waste makes excellent fertilizer. In Europe, waste has been sorted and used for its intended purpose for a long time.

Among the many species of honeysuckle (Lonicera) there are both bush-like and vines - deciduous and evergreen. Honeysuckle vines are good as ground covers and for vertical gardening (designing arches, retaining walls and arbors; camouflaging the trunks of old trees and hedges). Climbing honeysuckles decorate the garden at any time of the year, especially during the flowering period, when they are completely covered with elongated tubular flowers in spectacular inflorescences at the ends of the shoots.

Liana-like honeysuckles have many advantages: numerous leaves and abundant flowering, bright and fragrant flowers (these are excellent honey plants), decorative fruits. The leaves of most types of honeysuckle are elliptical, dark green above and bluish below.

Among the honeysuckle vines in the garden, the most commonly grown species are:

Or fragrant(L. caprifolium) is a deciduous vine that can rise to a height of 10 meters with the help of support. In central Russia this is the most common climbing honeysuckle; it is quite frost-resistant, winters under snow (the tips of the shoots often freeze slightly). Honeysuckle is photophilous and demanding of soil fertility and moisture. The leaves are quite large (the upper 2-3 pairs of leaves are fused) and turn yellow at the end of October. The flowers that appear on honeysuckle honeysuckle at the beginning of summer are very fragrant (especially in the evening), white or yellowish inside, purple or reddish outside. Its flowering lasts about 3 weeks. The elegant fruits ripen in early August and decorate the vine until late autumn. Orange-red honeysuckle berries have a short stalk, framed green leaves they seem to glow.

- blue honeysuckle(L. dioica) is very similar in appearance to honeysuckle, but more “miniature” (up to 2 meters tall). Decorative, stable, easy to propagate.

- climbing honeysuckle, or German honeysuckle(L. periclymenum) - common European deciduous honeysuckle (up to 5 meters long). Unlike ordinary honeysuckle, this species does not have fused leaves at the tops of the shoots. Grows successfully in partial shade in a well-ventilated place, on rich soils. Blooms in June-August; Depending on the variety, the color of the flowers can be white, yellow-pink, or purple. The fruits are red. In Moscow conditions, annual shoots freeze a little, but then the plant quickly recovers.

- American honeysuckle(L. americana) is the most powerful vine of all climbing honeysuckles (reaches a height of 6 meters) with dark purple-violet shoots and a dense branched crown. Blooms in July for about 2 weeks; large, fragrant, cream flowers with a purple base. Prefers loose, nutritious, moderately moist soils.

- Honeysuckle Gecrotta(L. heckrottii) is a hybrid of American and evergreen honeysuckle, growing up to 3-4 meters. The flowers are bicolor (yellowish inside, purple outside) or orange-pink. Blooms continuously from June to September. In Moscow conditions it suffers from frost.

- Brown's honeysuckle(L. brownii) - a hybrid of evergreen and rough honeysuckle; reaches a height of 2.5 meters. Has a lot garden forms With different colors flowers (they are usually odorless) appearing on the plant intermittently from June to late autumn.

- Thälmann's honeysuckle(L. tellmaniana) is a very decorative deciduous vine of hybrid origin. Blooms from the second half of June for 3 weeks; flowers are orange-yellow, odorless.

Evergreen and semi-evergreen honeysuckle vines are very beautiful, but, unfortunately, they are very thermophilic; among them:

- Japanese honeysuckle(L. japonica) - semi-evergreen or evergreen vine with yellow flowers, climbing up to a height of 6 meters along a support; there is a form with golden, wrinkled leaves. It is successfully grown in regions with a warm climate, but in Moscow it freezes severely (even under snow) to the point of death.

- honeysuckle henry(L. henryi) - semi-evergreen vine with brownish-red flowers; tolerates shading. It is thermophilic and freezes slightly in Moscow conditions.

- honeysuckle evergreen blooms for 4-5 months with large reddish or orange flowers up to 5 cm in diameter, which are then replaced by brightly colored fruits. Very thermophilic.

Most types of honeysuckle vines love a sunny location, but shading at the base is very favorable for them. The vines are quite shade-tolerant (however, in the shade, honeysuckle blooms begin later and are less abundant).

Honeysuckle vines grow quickly, many species are undemanding to soil (but develop better in fertile, moist soil), and tolerate replanting and crown pruning well due to their high shoot-forming ability. The liana is thinned out after flowering, at the same time cutting out excess old stems.
Honeysuckle growing on infertile soils is recommended to be fed with mineral fertilizers in the spring.

Climbing honeysuckle propagates easily: by seeds, green cuttings, layering.

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Honeysuckle (lat. Lonicera) is a genus of perennial shrubs of the Honeysuckle family (lat. Caprifoliaceae). The plants are well known and often found in nature. In our latitudes, 14 species grow, for example, common or forest beetle (lat. L. xylosteum).

The Latin name was received in honor of the German botanist of the Renaissance Adam Lonitzer. The English name "honeysuckle" comes from the word "honey", alluding to the sweet nectar found in plant flowers. Honeysuckle is actually an excellent honey plant.

Common honeysuckle

Description

Shrubs are erect or liana-shaped, creeping. The flowers are located in the axils of the leaves at the ends of the branches in pairs (at climbing species), or collected in a complex semi-umbrella (both creeping and erect). The honeysuckle flower at the base has one bract and two bracts, free or fused in pairs. Calyx with very small teeth. The corolla is tubular-funnel-shaped, divided into 5 lobules. There are five stamens, the pistil is long. The flowers are white, cream, pink, yellow, blue or coral.

The fruits are berry-shaped, elongated, blue-blue in color in edible species, inedible in edible small round bitter red or orange, and rarely purple in ornamental species. The berries of many species are poorly secured and easily fall off when shaken.

Arch of rose and honeysuckle

In some shrubs, the upper leaves grow together, forming a common plate, pierced by the end of the branch with flowers. The bushes grow 2 m (with straight branches) or 6 m (creeping), the shoots are highly branched. The root system is taproot. Honeysuckle lives from 20 to 80 years. In mature bushes, peeling of the bark is a normal biological feature.

The growing season begins early - in early April. Flowering starts in May; for ornamental species it can last until autumn. Depending on climatic conditions, some types of honeysuckle may be evergreen (do not lose their leaves in the fall).

This is how common honeysuckle blooms

Types with edible berries and decorative

190 species of honeysuckle are distributed throughout almost the entire Northern Hemisphere in regions with a temperate climate. Many are found in East Asia and the Himalayas. Free growing, as well as species with edible berries, as a rule, have small flowers and are not particularly decorative.

J. blue or blue (lat. L. caerulea) is an erect shrub that grows up to 2.5 m, living for 20 - 30 years. In nature, it grows in spruce undergrowth or alder thickets, and is found on wet edges and rocks. The flowers are pale yellow. The fruit is a dark blue elongated berry with a bloom, aromatic, sweetish-sour, similar in taste to blueberries. Flowering begins in May. The fruits ripen at the end of June. Many varieties have been bred, for example, the tasty and productive (up to 3.5 kg per bush) “Silginka” has sweet berries.

Blue honeysuckle

F. curly or German (lat. L. periclymenum) is found in nature on forest edges, among bushes in Europe and Asia. The shrub is climbing, the vines grow up to 6 m long. Flowering occurs in May - June with yellowish flowers with red spots.

• The abundantly flowering variety “Scentsation” (lat. L. periclymenum ‘Scentsation’) is a three-meter vine that blooms with large creamy yellow flowers from mid-spring to early autumn.
• The Danish early flowering variety ‘Belgica’ (lat. L. periclymenum ‘Belgica’) is interesting for its gorgeous fragrant flowers, which are yellow-white inside and burgundy-red outside. Blooms in spring to early summer. Liana 4 - 8 m long.

J. Honeysuckle or goat's, or fragrant (lat. L. caprifolium) is naturally distributed in the Mediterranean regions and the Caucasus. The climbing shrub grows up to 6 m. Flowering is observed from May to July with whitish-yellow flowers and reddish flowers on the outside (5 cm). The species has a wonderful fragrant aroma that intensifies as evening approaches.

Curly honeysuckle, Serotina

J. evergreen or coral (lat. L. sempervirens) comes from the eastern USA. In hardiness zone 8 (with winter temperatures of -12°C) and warmer regions it does not shed its leaves in the fall. It blooms with bright flowers (5 cm) of coral color from April to June. The climbing vine grows up to 6 m.

Tatarian honeysuckle(lat. L. tatarica) is a fast-growing shrub with hollow, erect shoots from 1 to 3 m high. Paired flowers are white or pink, large and beautiful. The fruits are red berries grown together in pairs. Flowering occurs in May–June, and the berries ripen in July or August.

J. hat(lat. L. pileata) - a slow-growing, but shade-tolerant shrub with spreading straight branches, evergreen, growing up to 1.5 m. Homeland - China. The flowers are fragrant, paired, small, white with red spots. Blooms in May – June. The species is interesting for its decorative foliage, often used as a hedge, and also for its fruits - round purple berries that ripen in October.

J. Japanese‘Halliana’ (lat. L. japonica ‘Halliana’) is a climbing vine up to 6 m with dark green leaves. The variety is, firstly, known for the incomparable sweet-fresh aroma of flowers, and, secondly, for the changing colors of the flowers: at first they are white, and later they become yellow. Flowering occurs from July to September. Homeland - East Asia.

Decoration of a fence by J. Heckrottii (L. × heckrottii)

Honeysuckle also has hybrid species:

J. Gecrotta(lat. Lonicera × heckrottii) – a climbing vine growing up to 6 m with bluish foliage, blooming in late spring large flowers(4 cm) light yellow with a pinkish tint.

J. Telman(lat. L. x tellmanniana) is a climbing vine (4 m) with bright orange or yellow flowers, blooming from May to July. Not the most frost-resistant variety: in the fall they are removed from their supports and covered.

Photo gallery of species

Growing and care

It is best to plant honeysuckle in the fall, in October or late September. In spring, only late-growing species can be planted. Shrubs love loose, but not dry soil, loams or sod-podzolic soils rich in organic matter with a neutral or slightly alkaline pH. Plant with a slight depth of the root collar. The ground around the seedling is watered abundantly, trampled down and mulched with a 3-5 cm layer of peat, rotted manure or humus, which protects it from drying out and prevents the appearance of weeds.

He loves honeysuckle and fertilizers: superphosphate is added when planting, wood ash and potassium sulfate. Every year in the spring they are fed with nitrogen and in the fall with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers.

Honeysuckle bushes are frost-resistant and shade-tolerant. But for abundant flowering and, as a result, it is better to plant fruiting plants (for edible species) in sunny areas. Climbing honeysuckle especially loves good light.

Important: to set fruit, many species require cross-pollination, for which at least one more variety (species) is planted nearby.

Tatarian honeysuckle

The plants practically do not get sick, which simplifies the cultivation of honeysuckle, but when high humidity can be affected by fungal diseases, and are also subject to invasions of aphids, scale insects and mites.

Caring for honeysuckle comes down to weeding, loosening the soil and watering – abundantly during active growth and moderate later.

Trimming

Let's talk about how to prune honeysuckle. The first three to four years of life, it grows slowly; at the age of 6 to 8 years, the active adult flowering period begins. Botanists have different points of view about pruning: some believe that shrubs should not be pruned until adulthood, others believe that it is the opposite. There is general agreement on the following points:

1. Any pruning is carried out in the fall after leaf fall, or in very, very early spring.
2. Sanitary pruning is mandatory: removal of diseased, dry, short and thin shoots in the crown.
3. The bulk of flowers (then fruits) are formed on annual shoots, so they are not touched when pruning.
4. Old bushes (with a strong decrease in fruiting) are rejuvenated by cutting them “under the stump” to a height of 20–50 cm. Young shoots grow quickly and can produce berries within a year.
5. Crown thinning: cut out small and old branches, leaving 5 - 7 powerful trunks. Aging skeletal branches are cut to half, young growths will appear there in the spring. Such trimmings start from 6 - 8 summer age.
6. Species planted as hedges can be trimmed to give shape, since in this case it is important appearance, not flowering.
7. When planting: in the spring - leave three strong shoots, shorten them by a third; in the fall - planted “as is”, pruned in March.

Honeysuckle is pruned during the dormant period

Reproduction

When growing honeysuckle from seeds, varietal characteristics are not preserved. It is best to purchase a ready-made seedling. For ornamental cultivation Propagated vegetatively: green cuttings and layering.

Horizontal layering is a convenient way. In spring, the lower branches are bent to the ground, fixed in pre-dug grooves, sprinkled with earth and watered. Later, roots appear in the zone of contact with moist soil. The cuttings are separated and planted in a separate place.

It is also possible to propagate by young shoots growing from the root, as well as propagation of honeysuckle by cuttings prepared in early spring before the buds awaken.

Joint landing c J. Tuscan (L. etrusca)

Use in gardening and landscape design

Edible species are bred to produce valuable fruits rich in monosaccharides and vitamin C, from which jam and compotes are made or eaten fresh. Widely used in folk medicine.

Numerous species and beautifully flowering varieties are used in landscape design. Flowers of exotic shapes and bright colors look attractive at the main entrance, staircase or under the window, especially if fragrant varieties are planted.

Living corner J. climbing ‘Serotina’ and Mackerel tan

Climbing vines grow quickly and are used for vertical gardening of walls, arches and pergolas. Varieties with straight branches can be grown as hedge, which, unlike conifers, will delight you with flowering and subsequent decorativeness during fruiting. They are also planted together with other shrubs of a later flowering period. Looks nice general fit several different flowering varieties(species) of honeysuckle together.

In addition to clematis, there are large group climbing shrubs worthy of attention. Lianas take up little space on the site and are spectacular thanks to the mass of sustainable greenery: fallopia ( Fallopia) , Kirkazon ( Aristolochia) , wood plier ( Celastrus) , Kampsis ( Campsis) , grape ( Vitis) , girlish grapes ( Parthenocissus) , ampelopsis ( Ampelopsis) , actinidia ( Actinidia) , beautiful flowers: wisteria ( Wisteria) , Kampsis ( Campsis) , honeysuckle ( Lonicera) , decorative fruits: wood plier ( Celastrus) , nightshade ( Solanum) , vineyard ( Ampelopsis) or edible: actinidia ( Actinidia), Schisandra ( Schisandra) , akebia ( Akebia) . Most of the vines twine around the supports, some can climb flat walls, without additional supports, holding on to the walls with aerial roots, for example ivy ( Hedera) , climbing hydrangea ( Hydrangea anomala subsp. petiolaris) , Kampsis ( Campsis) , schizophragma japonica ( Schizophragma hydrangeoides) And Fortune's euonymus ( Euonymus fortunei) or special suction cups, for example. parthenocissus ( Parthenocissus) .

Creepers can be used to cover the walls of a building Apart from providing a decorative function, it insulates buildings in winter and shades and cools in summer, and also prevents walls from drying out, protects them from rain and removes excess water from the foundation area. Parthenocissus is suitable for this purpose, but ivy or campsis can also be planted, and all other vines can provide support.

Creepers can quickly camouflage ineffective buildings, various sheds, warehouses and trash cans, hide from the eyes of our guests. If we need an effect within one year, this is better suited: Aubert's fallopia ( Fallopia aubertii) , hops ( Humulus) , clematis ( Clematis) from the Tangutica Group e.g. "Bill MacKenzie" or "Lambton Park" or clematis "Paul Farges" from Grupy Vitalba. If we wait 2-3 years, then a good effect will come from the remaining vines.

Vines can cover various fences(eg mesh) and in addition to decorative functions, they shield us from the curious, and also protect us from wind and dust. Well suited for this e.g. common ivy ( Hedera helix) , honeysuckle acuminate (" Lonicera acuminata") , clematis ( Clematis) from the group Atragene (especially "Pamela Jackman"), the group Tangutica (especially "Lambton Park"), the group Viticella (especially "Etoile Violette" and "Polish Spirit") also the group Vitalba (especially "Paul Farges"), aconitifolia vineyard (A mpelopsis aconitifolia) , five-leafed maiden grape ( Parthenocissus quinquefolia) And girlish trifoliate grape ( Parthenocissus tricuspidata) .

Most vines are not picky about soil, but since they form a large green mass, they do not like dry and poor soils. Heat-loving species, e.g. actinidia ( Actinidia) , wisteria ( Wisteria) And Kampsis ( Campsis) prefer warm, sunny, sheltered places. For example, they grow best in cool, moist and semi-shaded places. ivy ( Hedera) , climbing hydrangea ( Hydrangea anomala subsp. petiolaris) , Kirkazon ( Aristolochia) , schizophragma, Fortune's euonymus ( Euonymus fortunei) , akebia ( Akebia), hops ( Humulus) and part honeysuckle ( Lonicera) .

When planting vines We dig a hole measuring 50x50x50 cm, which we fill with fertile soil, and plant the plants (depending on the type) 0-10 cm deeper than they grew before, at a distance of 30-50 cm from the walls and 50-100 cm from the trees. Well-selected and planted vines can grow for many years, decorate the garden all year round and form an excellent refuge for birds.

Lonicera – honeysuckle

Popular liana with decorative flowers, tubular, in some varieties aromatic, for example. honeysuckle honeysuckle ( Lonicera caprifolium) , climbing honeysuckle, Japanese honeysuckle, Heckrott's honeysuckle "Goldflame".

Name Lonicera perpetuates someone who lived in the 16th century. German naturalist Adama Lonitzera, author of the famous herbarium. Genus Lonicera belongs to the family Caprifoliaceae.

About 180 species are known to grow in the northern hemisphere. Most of them are shrubs with raised shoots, belonging to the subsection Lonicera- but also vigorously growing vines with shoots spiraling around supports, belonging to the subsection Caprifolium- honeysuckle. About 20 species and several varieties of honeysuckle are grown in the world, of which about 20 taxa (species and varieties) are grown in Poland. Honeysuckle has opposite leaves, in pairs. In most species, the apical leaves are fused in pairs, forming characteristic plates.

Leaves most often green or bluish-green, but some varieties have slightly different colors, for example. Japanese honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonica) "Aureoreticulata" the leaves have yellow veins, and the leaves Japanese honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonica) "Purpurea" in autumn and winter they turn purple. The main decorations are white, yellow, purple or violet flowers- tubular, long, usually with two inverted “lips” in most varieties and species, fragrant.

Honeysuckle begins to bloom 2-4 years after planting. The flowers are collected in three-colored shields, folded in pairs at the corners of the leaves or in heads at the ends of the shoots; depending on the species or variety, they bloom from late May to October. Most honeysuckles also have decorative fruits - multi-seeded, shiny berries of sparkling juicy colors from orange to purple and crimson. Ripen from July to October. They can serve as food for most birds, attracting them to the site.

Lonicera heckrottii"Goldflame"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera caprifolium"Inga"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera x brownii"Golden Trumpet"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera henryi(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera acuminata(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera japonica"Purpurea"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Requirements
Honeysuckle grows in most soils, except poor and dry ones. However, it grows better and blooms profusely in soils that are medium or slightly alkaline, permeable, fertile, clayey, rich in humus, moist but not wet. They look best when planted in a sunny location, but in such locations some honeysuckles are more easily (i.e., more severely) affected by aphids. Therefore, the most universal can be considered a semi-shaded place, protected from the hot midday sun. They also like sheltered places from strong winds.

Lonicera x brownii"Fuchsioides"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera japonica"Halliana"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera periclymenum"Graham Thomas"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera japonica"Aureoreticulata"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera x brownii"Golden Trumpet"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera"Blanche Sandman"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera periclymenum"Serotina"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Usage
Honeysuckles are among the most valuable garden vines; they can be used in any garden, but they look especially good in naturalistic, large ones, where they have free growth. They reach a height of up to 3-6 m (0.5 - 2 m per year). Honeysuckle is excellent for twining structures near walls, gates, nets, trellises, pergolas, gazebos; it can also climb along the trunks of old trees, on which wires or nets are fitted to hold the plant. Planted near fences, they can create decorative camouflage and protection from wind, dust and the gaze of passers-by, replacing a hedge. The evergreen species is especially suitable for this. pointed honeysuckle ( Lonicera acuminata) . Some honeysuckles, e.g. Japanese honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonica) "Halliana" and "Hall's Prolific" can be used as ground cover plants to cover large surfaces also in urban landscaping.Honeysuckles with fragrant flowers, e.g. honeysuckle honeysuckle ( Lonicera caprifolium) , climbing honeysuckle ( Lonicera periclymenum) , Heckrott's honeysuckle ( Lonicera x heckrottii) , Japanese honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonica) as well as varieties, it is recommended to plant near entrances (gates, entrance doors), windows, benches. Honeysuckle is often part of traditional or rustic gardens. Can be used alone or together with other vines, e.g. climbing roses or clematisi ( Clematis) . For this purpose it is better to choose clematis ( Clematis) requiring heavy pruning, e.g. from the Viticella Group or large-flowered, late-flowering, which must be pruned above the ground every year in early spring. Other pruning of clematis will be very difficult to perform, since their shoots will become intertwined with the shoots of honeysuckle.

Lonicera japonica"Halliana"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera periclymenum"Graham Thomas"(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera acuminata(photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera acuminata on the fence (photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera acuminata on a tree (photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Care
Most honeysuckles loosely pruned, only as needed. When they grow freely, they look better and bloom more profusely. If you want to get ornamental plants, you need to devote the first 1 to 3 years to molding them. After planting, it is necessary to trim all shoots to 1/3 of the height so that they form a strong branch at the base. From the newly grown shoots, we select 3-4 of the strongest ones to form a powerful base of the plant, and remove the rest. In subsequent years, honeysuckle blooms on last year's shoots, for example. honeysuckle honeysuckle ( Lonicera caprifolium) or Tellmann's honeysuckle ( Lonicera x tellmanniana) We prune very lightly, removing only weakened shoots that are frozen, dead or interfering with neighboring plants. Honeysuckles blooming on this year's shoots, e.g. Japanese honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonia) and its varieties, or Heckrott's honeysuckle ( Lonicera x heckrottii) we can prune heavily in early spring without fear that it will rid us of flowers. After several years, all honeysuckles may become bare below, producing leaves and flowers only at the top of the plant. To avoid this, it is necessary to carry out good strong anti-aging pruning every 5-6 years. It is better to stretch this out over 2 years, each year cutting off half of the old shoots, right at the base.

Lonicera japonica"Halliana"

Lonicera periclymenum"Serotina"- pruning (photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Lonicera x heckrottii"American Beauty"- pruning (photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Honeysuckle needs good and intensive water and fertilize. If fertilized with slow-release fertilizers, for example Osmocote 5-6M, one application per year is sufficient, at the end of April with a dose of 20-30 g per plant (2-3 teaspoons in 3-5 holes in the ground, 5 cm deep).

Lonicera caprifolium- the entire plant that died due to powdery mildew (photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Diseases and pests
The most burdensome pest honeysuckle are aphids, which appear on the tops of plants in May, right before flowering. Aphids especially attack young shoots, leaves and flower buds. They curl, shrivel, become deformed and are limited in growth, covered with viscous sticky honeydew. Most often affected honeysuckle honeysuckle ( Lonicera caprifolium) , climbing honeysuckle ( Lonicera periclymenum) , Tellmann's honeysuckle ( Lonicera x tellmanniana) And Brown's honeysuckle ( Lonicera x brownii) as well as varieties related to those species, especially when grown in dry or sunny places. Honeysuckle Henry ( Lonicera henryi), Japanese honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonica) and pointed honeysuckle ( Lonicera acuminata) are most often not affected by aphids. The fight consists of spraying honeysuckle with an insecticide immediately after the first aphid appears.

A dangerous honeysuckle disease is powdery mildew. Causes the formation of a white powdery coating on the top of the leaf. Over time, reddening or brown spots may appear, which leads to complete drying of the leaves. Some species, and even varieties, are very different in their susceptibility to this disease. Particularly sensitive honeysuckle honeysuckle ( Lonicera caprifolium) , but the variety of this species is

Lonicera caprifolium"Inga"- a variety that can withstand powdery mildew (photo: Sz. Marczyński)

"Inga" easily tolerates powdery mildew and is only slightly affected. Also tolerates powdery mildew well pointed honeysuckle ( Lonicera acuminata) , Honeysuckle Henry ( Lonicera henryi) and most varieties climbing honeysuckle ( Lonicera periclymenum) also "Graham Thomas" and "Serotina" and Japanese honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonica) with the exception of the sensitive variety "Aureoreticulata". Powdery mildew can be overcome by spraying plants immediately after the first signs appear with some specially designed preparation. Spraying must be repeated 2-3 times every 10 days, changing the preparations. Types and varieties

Lonicera x brownii"Fuchsioides"(photo: Sz. Marczyński) Lonicera caprifolium(photo: Sz. Marczyński) Lonicera acuminata(photo: Sz. Marczyński) Lonicera x heckrottii"Goldflame"(photo: Sz. Marczyński) Lonicera japonica"Halliana"(photo: Sz. Marczyński) Lonicera periclymenum"Graham Thomas"(photo: Sz. Marczyński) Lonicera periclymenum"Chojnow" PBR- flowers (photo: Sz. Marczyński) Lonicera"Blanche Sandman"(photo: Sz. Marczyński) Lonicera x tellmanniana (photo: Sz. Marczyński)

• Lonicera acuminata- pointed honeysuckle . Originally from Northeast China. Evergreen leaves (in harsh winters can freeze slightly), oblong-narrow, pointed-ended, with a heart-shaped base, dark green, densely pubescent. The flowers are small, tubular, bilabial, initially cream, yellow at the end of flowering. Blooms profusely, July-October. The fruits are small, purple-black. Strongly and fast growing plant, grows wildly and bushes. Grows up to 3 - 5m. One of the best evergreen vines for our climate. Good for forming coverings and entwining nets, and also as a ground cover plant.

• Lonicera x brownii- Brown's honeysuckle . The cross was bred in 1850 by crossing Lonicera hirsuta And Lonicera sempervirens. The leaves are ovate, bluish-green, fused. The flowers are tubular, narrow, red, with an orange neck, odorless. Blooms June-August. Fruits are orange-red, August-September. They grow up to 3-4 m tall.
• "Dropmore Scarlet" (Dropmore Scarlet)- The most valuable of the Brown honeysuckle varieties. Bred in Canada in 1950. Flowers are orange-red. It blooms long and profusely in June-October. Beautiful fruits, just like the species. Very frost-resistant.
• "Fuchsioides" (Fuchsidoides)- The flowers are orange-purple. It blooms for a very long time and profusely, June-October. Slowly growing, compact form, reaches a height of up to 1.5 - 2 m. Especially recommended for small areas and gardens.
• GOLDEN TRUMPET "Mintrum" (Golden Trumpet Mintrum)- with copper-yellow flowers. Blooms for a long time, June-October. Grows up to 3 m tall. The fruits are orange-red, like the species.

• Lonicera caprifolium - honeysuckle honeysuckle Originally from the Caucasus and the Middle East, but very popular in Poland. Often confused with climbing honeysuckle ( Lonicera periclymenum), from which it differs in fused apical leaves and greater sensitivity to powdery mildew. The flowers are cream, with an inactive aroma, bloom in May-June, orange fruits July-September. The leaves are ovate to obovate, gray-green, smooth, the upper ones (under the inflorescence) are fused, forming a kind of plate. Grows up to 6m.
• "Inga" (Inga)- Flower buds are pink on the outside, flowers are creamy white after blooming. It blooms in May-June, 7-14 days longer than the species. Leaves and young shoots are slightly pubescent. Tolerates powdery mildew well. The variety is worth recommending, much better than the species.

• Lonicera x heckrotty - Heckrott's honeysuckle. The cross arose naturally, from involuntary crossing Lonicera americana And Lonicera sempervirens. Began to be grown at the end of the 19th century. It is considered a very valuable honeysuckle. The leaves are oblong, oval or elliptical, dark green on the upper side and bluish-green below. The leaves are semi-evergreen or deciduous. Flowers in buds are carmine, after blooming they are pink on the outside and orange-yellow in the middle, fragrant. It blooms especially long and profusely, June-September. The shoots are tough and curl weakly around the supports. Can grow like a regular shrub. Grows up to 3-6 m tall.
• "American Beauty" (American Beauty)- The flowers are sparkling orange, odorless, bloom June-September. The fruits are purple-orange and decorate the plant from August to October.
• "Goldflame" (Goldflame)- The variety is very similar in appearance. The flowers are slightly more intensely colored than the species, fragrant, and bloom from June to September.

• Lonicera henryi - Henry's honeysuckle. Originally from China. The leaves are evergreen, oblong-lanceolate, dark green, shiny. The flowers are dark purple-violet, tubular, not large, not numerous, visible in June-July. The fruits are small, purple-black with a light waxy coating, usually on the plant in August-October. In severe winters it can freeze. It should be planted in sheltered, semi-shaded or shady areas. Grows up to 3m tall.

• Lonicera japonica - Japanese honeysuckle. Originally from Japan, Korea and China. Semi-evergreen vine with green leaves ranging from broadly elliptical to ovate. The flowers are tubular, 2-lipped, creamy white at first, yellow at the end of flowering, with an intense aroma. Blooms all summer. The fruits are bluish-black. They grow up to 3-6 m tall. More valuable than the species are the varieties that must also be used.
• "Aureoreticulata" (Aureoreticulata)- Interesting leaves, green with yellow veins, acquire the best color in full sun. The flowers are small, initially white and then yellow, slightly fragrant. Can be used as a vine or as a ground cover. Resistant to powdery mildew. In severe winters it can freeze.
• "Halliana" (Halliana)- A vigorously growing vine, covered throughout the summer with a mass of small, intensely fragrant flowers. The flowers are initially creamy white, then yellow, covering the plant from June to October. The leaves are semi-evergreen. They grow up to 5m tall. On large surfaces it can be used as a ground cover plant. Suitable for planting near fences and forming all kinds of protection. Suitable for urban landscaping.
• "Hall's Prolific" (Health Prolific)- Brought out in Holland from the "Halliana" variety, it enters the flowering period earlier, blooms longer and more abundantly. Slightly more sensitive to frost than the "Halliana" variety. The growth habit and use are the same as for the "Halliana" variety.
• "Purpurea" (Purpurea)- The leaves are evergreen or semi-evergreen, green in summer, with purple veins, dark purple in autumn and winter. The flowers are small, tubular, purple on the outside, and initially white on the inside, then yellow, fragrant. Grows up to 4 m tall (1-2 m annual growth).

• Lonicera periclymenum - climbing honeysuckle. The plant is naturally found in Central and Western Europe, as well as in northern Africa. In Poland it grows naturally in Primorye and Lower Śląsku (Pomorzu and Dolnym Śląsku) and is protected. The leaves are ovate or oval, green above and bluish below. The leaves are arranged in pairs at the nodes, but grow together (this is different from the rest Lonicera caprifolium). Cream flowers, sometimes with red stripes on the outside, with a strong aroma, adorn the plant in May-July. From July to autumn, dark red, shiny fruits also look very decorative. It grows wildly, reaching up to 7 m in height. A popular vine, more valuable and disease resistant than Lonicera caprifolium .
  We recommend using the following varieties:
• "Belgica Select" (Belgica Select) - Dutch variety, early flowering. The leaves have purple veining. Young shoots and pedicels are purple-violet. The flowers are light purple-red on the outside, creamy on the inside at the beginning, and yellow at the end of flowering, very fragrant. Flowering: May-October (with interruptions). The red fruits that cover the plant in September-October also look very decorative. Grows up to 3 m tall (1 m annual growth).
• "Chojnow" PBR (Chojnow)- New Polish variety since 2006. The flowers are dark purple on the outside and beige on the inside, with a strong aroma. Flowering is abundant, throughout the entire height of the plant, from June to September. Red fruits in August-October. Young leaves are purple-green, older leaves are green. Grows up to 2-3 m tall (1 m annual growth).
• "Graham Thomas" (Graham Thomas)- A very valuable variety. Named after the English naturalist. Blooms exceptionally long and profusely, from May to September. The flowers are tubular, especially large, creamy at first, yellow at the end of flowering, with a strong aroma. The shiny red fruits are also decorative, from June to October. Grows up to 4 m tall (about 1-2 m annual growth).
• "Serotina" (Serotina)- The most commonly grown honeysuckle. Dutch late flowering variety (2 - 3 weeks later than "Belgica Select"). The flowers are cream in the middle, purple-red on the outside, highly fragrant, bloom June-September. The fruits are beautiful, coral, shiny, decorating the plant from July to October. It grows wildly, reaching up to 3-6 m in height.

• Lonicerasempervirens- honeysuckle evergreen. North American species. The leaves are semi-evergreen or seasonal. The flowers are tubular, red inside, yellow outside. In Poland it can freeze slightly, so more frost-resistant varieties are recommended for cultivation.
• "Blanche Sandman" (Blanche Sandman)- American variety, more frost-resistant than the species. The flowers are purple with a yellow center. It blooms exceptionally long and profusely, June-October. The fruits are orange, clearly visible from July to October. Valuable for cultivation.

• Lonicera x tellmanniana- Thälmann's honeysuckle - A crossbred created in 1920 in Hungary by crossbreeding Lonicera sempervirens With Lonicera tragophylla. The leaves are oval to elliptical ovate in shape, dark green above, bluish-greenish-white below. The upper pair of leaves is plate-shaped and fused. The flowers are large, tubular, 2-lipped, copper-yellow, very decorative, almost odorless, June-July. The fruits are orange and decorate the plant from July to September. Grows up to 5 m tall. Grows and blooms best in partial shade.

Lonicera periclymenum"Chojnow"- the whole plant (photo: Sz. Marczyński)

Every gardener wants to see his plot beautiful, so many plant climbing honeysuckle, which gives the garden real beauty and unique charm. It grows quite quickly and decorates a wall, fence or arch. The plant creates coziness, fills the area with colors and a magical aroma.

general description

Honeysuckle belongs to the ornamental shrubs of the Honeysuckle family. The culture owes its name to the world famous botanist Carl Linnaeus, and the first is the most Full description plants appeared in the writings of the 18th century Russian explorer Stepan Krasheninnikov.

In the natural environment of Central Russia, wild culture is found everywhere in groves and forest edges. These plants are well known as wolfberry, it has yellowish inflorescences and bright red berries, and the leaves are pubescent below. In the southern territories it is exclusively a garden crop and does not grow wild.

The garden crops most familiar to us are erect, as well as climbing or creeping bushes, which look great in planting groups, alleys and gazebos.

The flowers of honeysuckle of all varieties are large, but their colors can be varied - pink, red, yellow, orange or white. A tubular corolla emerges from the calyx, divided into 5 equal lobes. The pistil is quite long, each flower has several stamens. The fruits can be yellow, blue, black or red and are located in pairs on the branch.

Honeysuckle is cultivated in almost all countries of the northern hemisphere, and there are about 200 species of the plant. In our country alone you can find at least 50 varieties, and only 10-15 of them are edible.

All types and varieties can be divided into three categories depending on their appearance:

• varieties that resemble small trees;
• bush honeysuckle;
• climbing vines (they are also called climbing or climbing vines).

It is the latter category that is most often found in gardens and personal plots– it attracts attention with its luxurious inflorescences of all colors of the rainbow. Even the most inconspicuous area is transformed before your eyes and acquires a special romance and piquancy if you decorate it with honeysuckle plantings.

Gardeners often combine several varieties of this plant, so that during flowering the area is filled with the brightest colors - from light pink to deep purple. No less exotic are the ripe fruits of honeysuckle, which, depending on the variety, can appear both in summer and in the first weeks of autumn.

Honeysuckle exudes a rich aroma, which is why it is used to decorate areas family vacation. The plant is often used by landscape designers - it is used to create chic pergolas, gazebos and stylish slopes.

The varietal diversity allows the plant to be used to design interesting compositions and even alpine slides.

Types and varieties

There are approximately 200 species of honeysuckle in nature. Consumers around the world cultivate the Himalayan, Primorskaya and other varieties.

"Caprifol"- this is the most common variety of honeysuckle in our country; it is a perennial deciduous vine, which, when proper care often grows up to 6 m in length. Starting from mid-May, the plant is literally strewn with flowers. Flowering lasts 16-20 days. However, even after its completion, the plant does not lose its exoticism, since green berries appear on it, which gradually turn red as they ripen and by the end of summer are replaced by bright beads before our eyes.

The climbing vine grows quite quickly - in one season it can grow a couple of meters and wrap around a pergola or climb the wall of a summer house.

"Caprifol" is a fairly frost-resistant plant. During severe and prolonged cold weather, only the young tips of the shoots are exposed to freezing.

It may seem strange, but a warm, long winter causes much more damage to this variety than cold weather, since regular thaws lead to swelling of the buds, which die when frost returns. However, even in these unfavorable conditions, “Kaprifol” is reborn from root buds, which produce new shoots with the onset of spring.

A very interesting variety of Honeysuckle is considered to be German Honeysuckle - it is similar to the main plant, but is characterized by a longer flowering period, which sometimes lasts until the onset of autumn.

Honeysuckle "Kaprifol" does not leave anyone indifferent - it is no coincidence that it was with it that the passion for this plant began among owners of their own plots in Russia and Europe.

Honeysuckle "Brown"- another interesting variety that blooms twice per season: the first time in late June - early July, and the second time in August. The buds have a characteristic carrot color.

Honeysuckle "Brown" prefers open, illuminated areas and reacts negatively to drafts. The culture does not tolerate harsh, long winters, which is why it should be planted in the southern and central territories of Russia.

Honeysuckle "Henry"- This is a semi-evergreen variety that does not completely shed its leaves in the winter and they remain partially on the bush. This plant is significantly inferior in height to its “brothers” - its length does not exceed 2.5 meters. Flowering usually begins in mid-July, its flowers are scarlet in color with an amazing rich aroma. Fruiting begins in September. The matte black berries have a very interesting shade.

In addition, the following varieties are common in our country:

• "Tatar"– one of the hardiest varieties of honeysuckle with pink and white inflorescences;
• honeysuckle "Korolkova" is distinguished by abundant flowering, the inflorescences are lilac or pale pink;
• "Gerald"- a plant with large yellow flowers, does not shed its leaves in the winter, and tolerates frost well;
• "Gekrota" It is distinguished by flowers of a pinkish-yellow hue, blooms for a long time, grows 4-5 meters in length;
• "Maaka"– a vine with large white inflorescences that emit a piquant aroma, reaches 3-3.5 meters, and is quite frost-resistant;
• honeysuckle “Serotina” is one of the most attractive, which delights with its small burgundy-brown flowers blooming throughout the summer, their aroma is similar to the smell of linden flowers;
• "Japanese" It is distinguished by the decorative color of its leaf blades - they are distinguished by a light green tint with pronounced yellow veins, but this plant does not tolerate frost well, so it can only be grown in the southern regions.
• "Georgian" honeysuckle is common in the Caucasus, has large purple flowers, which by the end of summer are replaced by red and black fruits;
• "Evergreen"– this is the most resistant variety to cold winters; its vines bloom at the end of May unusual flowers: crimson on the outside and bright yellow on the inside.

"Tatar"

"Maaka"

"Evergreen"

It is worth mentioning the edible types of honeysuckle.

"Bakcharsky Giant"- a vigorous plant up to 2 m long, the crown is spreading, and the leaves are dark and very beautiful. The berries are very large - 4-5 cm, the weight of each reaches 2.5 grams. With good care, up to 4.5 kg of harvest can be harvested from one bush.

Varieties also have a good taste of fruits "Cinderella", "Bluebird", "Morena", "Amphora" and "Longfruited". These berries have exceptional taste properties and can be used both for raw consumption and for preservation for the winter.

"Bakcharsky Giant"

"Cinderella"

"Amphora"

Landing

Honeysuckle can be planted with seeds, but this process is very complex and labor-intensive, so not every gardener decides to propagate the crop using this method. Most often, the plant is planted as seedlings, but it is important to choose the right planting material.

You should purchase seedlings strictly from specialized plant nurseries or from trusted private traders who breed necessary plant on your site, otherwise you run the risk of getting a variety that is not the one you expect, since even the most experienced gardeners sometimes get confused about all the varietal features and characteristics.

When choosing a bush, it is advisable to give preference to seedlings aged 2-3 years, since in this case you will not have to wait very long for flowering.

Carefully inspect the roots and shoots - they should not show any damage, they should be plastic, bend well, and have no dry parts. However, peeling of the bark is allowed - this is the standard condition for honeysuckle of all varieties.

The root system of a healthy plant should be strong and powerful, and there should be buds on the shoots. You should not buy a bush if it seems stunted to you. Even if the seller assures that it will recover after replanting and watering, it is better to purchase another plant.

For simultaneous cultivation, it is recommended to take at least three varieties so that you can subsequently propagate them yourself. Keep in mind that honeysuckle is a cross-pollinated crop and not all varieties pollinate each other well, so when purchasing, you should give preference to paired varieties.

It is very important to choose right place for planting honeysuckle.

There is probably not a single garden plant that has as impressive and rich a scent as honeysuckle. It is this that is considered the main factor that influences the choice of place for cultivation. Most often, the plant is planted in the place where household members spend the most time and gather with friends and relatives. For abundant flowering, it is better to place the plant in a sunny place, although shady areas are more suitable for forest varieties - they will grow best under the canopy of spreading trees.

If you prefer climbing varieties, then you should first take care of constructing an arch or a special support.

It is desirable that the acid-base reaction be in the range from 5.5 to 6.5. If the soil is acidified, you should add a little lime to it and dig it up. Then the land should be completely freed from weeds and organic and mineral fertilizers should be applied.

Purchase seedlings in plastic containers with a fertilized earthen ball - in this case, when replanting, the risk of damage to the root system will be minimized. However, if you plant honeysuckle in early spring after the snow melts or in the fall, then it is optimal for the root to be bare.

The time suitable for planting honeysuckle is the end of April - the first ten days of May. It is during these periods that nature awakens and the plant has a good chance of settling into a new place. However, you can plant bushes before winter - in this case, planting work should be carried out in the second half of September.

In order to increase the survival rate of seedlings, the distance between the bushes should be maintained: for tall varieties it should be 2.5 meters, and for short varieties it should be 1 m.

The sequence of actions when landing is standard:

• 3-4 days before planting, you should prepare the holes and line their bottom with crushed stone, expanded clay or any other drainage.
• Place fertile soil on top of it. You can make the mixture yourself; to do this, mix two buckets of compost with 1 kg of wood ash and add 50 g of superphosphate. If the area is sandy, then it makes sense to add a little clay to the prepared substrate.
• A few hours before planting, the hole is watered abundantly.
• Planting material is placed in the center of the hole and covered with prepared soil so as not to deepen the root collar. The soil is watered several times, and then as it shrinks, new soil is added and watered again.
• It is advisable to fill the area around the young bush with mulch. Good results are shown by pine needles, sawdust or peat. This will maintain the required level of humidity and protect the plant from frost if planting is done before winter.

If necessary, all types of honeysuckle can be transplanted to a new place, but this can only be done during the period when the plant is not blooming - optimal late autumn or immediately after the snow melts. Transplantation should be carried out together with a lump of earth.

How to care?

Decorative garden honeysuckle at all stages of its growth and development sends out a lot of shoots, while some of them begin to creep and, accordingly, take root. In this regard, you should constantly monitor the growth of the seedling and promptly get rid of excess shoots.

Some varieties, for example, “Kaprifol”, withstand winter cold quite well. However, most other varieties retain their viability in the cold season, and even if some parts of the plant die, they are restored quite quickly with the onset of warmth.

It is very important to maintain a proper hydration regime. Usually the plant is watered twice a week in hot weather, and if the heat has not yet set in, then one irrigation every 7 days will be sufficient. Do not allow the soil to dry out - in this case, the fruits will be small, dried out, and, in addition, taste bitter. At the same time, an excess of moisture should not be allowed - stagnation of water causes the development of varietal diseases and also leads to rotting of the roots, so it is advisable to equip effective drainage.

Like any other horticultural crop, honeysuckle requires fertilization. The plant needs minerals. Especially a large number of They require fertilizing shortly before flowering, since a large number of large inflorescences require a lot of effort from the plant in order to please the owners of the site for as long as possible.

Plants respond well to ready-made complex preparations, which are sold in any store for summer residents; in addition, before winter, you can sprinkle crushed wood ash under each bush. Adult plants love humus, and in summer experienced summer residents add mullein infusion or mineral supplements. It is optimal to do this before mid-July.

Pests can be controlled using insecticides, but for fungal and viral diseases, as a rule, treatment is not possible - the plant dies, so it should be dug up and burned.

As a preventative measure, to prevent the appearance of larvae and adult aphids, it is recommended to sprinkle granular superphosphate or lime around the trunk, and in the winter it is recommended to treat the branches with a 5% urea solution. In addition, you can spray with Lepocid or Bitoxibacillin.

Since honeysuckle is an ornamental plant, it needs to be pruned regularly to give the bush an aesthetically pleasing shape. Usually, this is done by simply cutting off the top. This stimulates the growth of young branches on the sides, which increase the bushiness of the vine as a whole. By the way, Caprifoli has one characteristic feature– it is tightly attached to the support and literally braids it counterclockwise, so pruning allows you not only to give shape, but also to significantly rejuvenate the bush. However, if you are growing edible honeysuckles, molding can significantly slow down the ripening time of the berries.

Honeysuckle is a cover crop, so it should be tied with agrofibre for the winter.

Reproduction

Most often, honeysuckle is propagated in one of two ways: layering or cuttings.

If you have chosen the first method, that is, propagating the crop by layering, you should choose strong branch and bend her to the ground. The layer is pinned with a special bracket or you can press it a simple stone. During the spring-summer period, the branch will give roots in places of contact with the ground, after which the resulting seedling can be separated and transplanted to a permanent place. As a rule, this is done in the fall or spring of next year.

Propagation by cuttings is carried out in July. In this case, cuttings with a pair of good internodes are cut from the main plant so that a pair of leaves remains on top. After this, the prepared chibouks are placed in a greenhouse or an ordinary cuttings. You can make it yourself from available materials. To do this, you should take the usual plastic bottle, cut off its bottom and cover the young cutting with this structure. The lid should be kept open so that air can flow inside.

About the variety of decorative honeysuckle “Caprifol”, see the video below.