Scheme of the sandblasting chamber. Car sanding in a special chamber. Making a viewing window

- special equipment that is used to clean car body parts. Often, a sandblasting chamber is also called an abrasive chamber, because the abrasive material is supplied under pressure to the car body.
Sandblasting machine

Among the people, I call it easier - sandblasting, and this name really suits. The main material that is used in this kind of chambers is sand. But in addition to it, the following materials are also used:

• Iron pellets;
• Glass balls;
• Electric corundum.

The sand blasting chamber is extremely useful when it is required to remove dirt and deposits of tar or tar from the surface of the body before painting and refinishing. For the normal passage of the process, a special apparatus is used, which, with directed pressure, supplies abrasive material to the car body through a guide gun. In this case, the area that one pass can be regulated through the nozzle, or rather, through the diameter of this device. Please note that not only sand is used as an abrasive material, depending on the material, the quality of the steel and other elements, other special materials are also used, which improve the process and do not harm the iron. You must also clearly understand that each action is subject to great pressure and sand flying at such a speed is a great danger, so you need to follow safety precautions throughout every moment of repairing the machine.

Such treatment is considered effective when it is necessary to achieve cleaning of the car body from corrosion in each hard-to-reach area of ​​the car body. Therefore, if you decide to repaint the car, then the work should be carried out by skilled people. It is impossible to do it yourself so that the car is cleaned adequately.

Features of sandblasting

So, the first thing you need to know about what functions has sandblasting machine is that it is used both indoors and outdoors. Accordingly, in the first case, the compressor stands in an open space, and in the second, a chamber is required that closes hermetically and does not release the abrasive outside the room. At the same time, the camera sandblasting greatly limits the size of the part that can be machined. This unpleasant minus is compensated by the fact that not every car repair shop makes repairs to the car as a whole and such a small camera is convenient for them.

In order for the sandblasting chamber to work properly and last long time, it is advisable to purchase a high quality device. The market offers a lot of devices of a similar nature and each person can choose the one that suits his strength. However, automatic sandblasting chambers are selected only under the guidance of a person who understands these matters. Otherwise, an inexperienced consumer will get lost and is unlikely to be able to adequately choose a device suitable for him.

Understand that metal sandblasting equipment is an important unit and only an additional waste for the cleaning process in machines, and this is highly undesirable for a normal business. An alternative to buying is to make a sandblasting chamber with your own hands, but this requires skills and knowledge that you may not have. Therefore, try not to make a bad choice at the purchase stage, this is the main problem. Try to decide in advance how it can, how often the machine can be prepared for painting work. It is important to understand that those blast chambers and features that meet the demands and needs in terms of economic feasibility will pay off.

Residential chambers

The inhabited sandblasting chamber differs from the rest in that the cleaning process is fully controlled by the chamber operator. When the power of the device is installed outdoors, so as not to interfere with the work of the master. Inside there is a nozzle and a control panel so that the work of the sandblaster still remains comfortable. Remember that abrasive sand is fed inward under high pressure, and the chamber is equipped in such a way that the sandblaster not only feels comfortable, but also safe inside this building. Therefore, when working, it is important that each person consciously puts on protective elements clothing before the glass is sandblasted. There is even a set of clothes thought out in advance:

1. Tight jumpsuit that protects the body;
2. face with a respirator;
3. Gloves for sandblasting chambers;

Please note that the ongoing work in the sandblasting room is considered dangerous, and in order for the masters to be allowed to work, you need to conduct a preliminary briefing with him. He is obliged to follow every rule and remember that the pressure created by the compressor is life-threatening and it is impossible to substitute limbs or body under the jet - there remains the option of injury.

Sandblasting chambers for glass are on the market in different sizes- from a small garage a little more than a car to a huge workshop, which, in principle, is convenient for use in various designs and purposes depending on the needs of the business. On a large scale, the presence of several masters at once indoors is allowed to speed up and optimize the process. Accordingly, this will increase the coefficient useful action from the camera, which will positively affect profits.

There are such advantages that a do-it-yourself sandblasting chamber has:

• Cleanable parts of floating size and perimeter;
• Visually and fully monitor the course of cleaning the body from debris;
• The design of the chamber involves the processing of non-standard structures of complex shape;

Therefore, if you want to make processing better and more profitable, then you need to think about buying additional equipment.

A common acquisition is a stand for the workpiece, because in order for the work to be done efficiently, you need to take care of the conveniences for the master. Also, a do-it-yourself sand washer is often made, which helps to prepare the part in advance. If we add here also that there is ventilation of sandblasting chambers inside, then we get a universal device that can satisfy the needs of the majority.

Self built

So, if you have come to the conclusion that you need this kind of device, but there are no extra funds, then why not make a sandblasting chamber with your own hands. In addition, you need to know that many works are usually performed not indoors, but on the street. This is convenient and beneficial for the master, but it pollutes quite a lot. the world. Although sometimes there is no choice and you have to resort to such methods. The main thing is that the master himself dressed in accordance with safety precautions, since there is no hood for the sandblasting chamber and the abrasive can be accidentally inhaled.

Therefore, the filter for the sandblasting chamber is the main thing, and from this you need to start building, pay enough attention to the selection and installation. Do not forget that ventilation should not be installed excessively, so before buying, you need to make a project and calculate the required number of devices using the appropriate formulas. In addition, it is important to choose the right sandblaster, it must be equipped with a remote control so that the operator can focus on one thing and entrust the automation with another. It is important that the device itself can be turned off if the painter's health deteriorates sharply or he loses consciousness. Availability remote control prevents dangerous consequences for the body and reduces the likelihood of injury. Remember that if you do not anticipate big parts for processing, then you don’t need a huge room.

This is important not only in terms of economic feasibility, but also in terms of security. The shot for sandblasting ricochets off the walls and it must be borne in mind that the larger the room, the stronger the impact from the wall will be. To prevent ricochet, consider hanging the walls inside with special rubber platforms, they significantly dampen the speed of sand movement. Make the floor out of a grid so that the used material goes into the receiver from the room. Then you can pump out the used abrasive from there to free the tank.

Remember, indoor installation is also endangered by flying abrasive material. It is better to put the device outside, and leave only the sandblasting nozzle inside to control the process. Safety precautions in each case must be observed, this is mandatory.

The choice of the purchased device

If you have a small garage in which you repair cars with friends, then it is better to make a small device yourself, and then only buy Consumables– cheaper and more expedient in terms of spending money. If the scale exceeds those indicated, then think about a larger scale room.

Before making a purchase, think about how often you need to use such a device.

First of all, pay attention to the spray gun - it looks like a small handle with nozzles through which air pressure and the desired abrasive are supplied. If to be active use apparatus, then a self-made spray gun will not live long, but simply fall apart into pieces due to the fact that it is worn off from the inside with sand. In addition, you need to select the nozzle diameter in advance, taking into account the predicted loads.

Therefore, we recommend considering nozzles made of strong and resistant alloys, the service life of which is approximately equal to that of the rest of the equipment. Ordinary steel and especially ceramic nozzles will wear out quickly and will not be able to perform their assigned functions. long term. Also pay attention to the body. It must be made of durable material, and the pipe that goes to the container with the abrasive must be flexible. Pay attention to the compressor. The developed capacity is obliged to cover the needs and long work it must not overheat. Availability required automatic system shutdowns.

WATCH THE VIDEO INSTRUCTIONS

Before starting operation, remember the above operating rules, they must be remembered and followed constantly and without exception. The sandblasting room is multifunctional and will help not only prepare the car body for painting, but also perform a lot of other tasks in each area.

The need for effective surface cleaning various products before painting them, suggests the idea of ​​​​acquiring or making a sandblasting chamber with your own hands. These devices, different in their size and purpose, will be quite appropriate both in car service stations and in household.

Camera types

Sandblasting chamber can be local or volumetric (inhabited). Local cameras are designed for processing small products. Inhabited chambers have a large internal volume, where you can put, for example, the body of a car. The operator is inside such a chamber during work, so he will need a set of certain protective accessories - a helmet, goggles, gloves for sandblasting, etc. However, remote control of the process of such cleaning is also possible (more on that later).

In local chambers, sandblasting is performed by creating a reduced air pressure inside the working space. Under the conditions of such an artificial rarefaction, due to the pressure difference, a sand jet is ejected from the nozzle with the required speed and pressure. By moving the nozzle tip along a certain trajectory, the operator performs surface treatment of the workpiece. Naturally, in such ejection chambers it is easy to clean small items.

Advantages of local cameras:

1. Compactness.
2. Small financial and material costs for self-manufacturing.
3. Increased worker safety, and environment.
4. Reduced energy costs as low suction compressor power is required.
5. Convenience and ease of regeneration of sand for reuse.

Inhabited chambers solve larger problems. Their volume must be very accurately calculated in order not only to freely place the object being cleaned inside, and to provide places for the worker to move, but also to ensure the necessary air exchange. Inhabited type sandblasting chambers work on the principle of forcing the working mixture, and therefore are called pressure. Their performance is several times higher than the similar parameter for ejector-type cameras. Accordingly, the cost of electricity also increases (a much more powerful compressor is required), the consumption of sand and its loss increase. The problem is also the disposal of sand contaminated with cleaning products, which, in turn, requires the mandatory availability of effective filter systems.

Buy or make a homemade sandblasting chamber?

For a habitable sandblasting chamber, the answer is no: there is too much to consider in the process of designing and manufacturing the installation. Moreover, the profile sector of the market is replete with various offers adapted to the desired performance and final energy costs. For example, the price of a habitable pressure-type sandblasting chamber, coordinated with the individual requirements of the customer, starts from 1.8 ... 2.0 million rubles.

The set of such equipment includes:

1. Housing (it can be made of profiled steel or sandwich panels).
2. A sluice equipped with hinged double-leaf gates (in passage-type cells there is a similar node on the opposite side).
3. Grating, at the bottom of which there are systems for cleaning waste sand based on pneumatic suction.
4. Ventilation system designed for a certain air exchange.
5. Control and lighting systems for the work area.
6. One or more abrasive blast cleaning stations.
7. Protective equipment for workers.

Typically, the standard equipment also includes systems for mechanized opening of the gateway and gates, additional side doors in the walls of the hull, rail tracks with a trolley (for objects that cannot move independently), etc.

Wiring diagram for remote control of pressure type sandblasting chamber

Manufacturers rarely provide such an option, believing that it is rarely used in habitable cameras. Meanwhile, in the service station, where several such works can be carried out simultaneously, an operator will be required for each camera. The productivity of sandblasting of the same type of objects can be significantly increased by providing for volumetric chambers a system for remote shutdown of power plants - a compressor, fans, a waste disposal conveyor, etc.

A set of such remote control takes into account all the typical operations that are required for the normal functioning of pressure-type sandblasting installations. It consists of the following elements:

• intake valve;
• exhaust valve;
• an electronic control unit that provides some functions for protecting the processing area;
• battery(battery) from any car.

The remote control circuit is mounted on the base of the pneumatic actuator. To activate this circuit, the worker presses the remote control button, after which the air flow from the compressor opens the inlet valve, while simultaneously closing the outlet valve. As a result, inside the pressure chamber is created overpressure sufficient for sandblasting. The control relay has one normally closed and one normally open contact, which ensures fast (no more than 1 ... 1.5 s) operation of the electrical circuit elements for the sandblasting chamber.

When the pressure is released, the relay turns off the sandblasting station control drive. Further, if desired, the circuit can be connected to the controls for opening the gates and sluices of the chamber.

DIY sandblasting chamber

The complexity of the work on the manufacture of an ejector-type sandblasting chamber is much less. First, the terms of reference are developed (what, to what extent, and by what technology will be cleaned). Further, installation drawings, which can be used to judge the functionality of the camera. The dimensions indicated on the drawing must correspond to the free space in the workshop where the sandblasting chamber will be installed.

Given the power of the available compressor (and it usually does not exceed 6…8 kW), the volume of the internal space of the chamber should not exceed (width × depth × height) 800 × 500 × 500 mm, while the front panel is usually provided with a bevel at an angle of 45 ° , for ease of use. The front panel (made of transparent high-impact plastic) should have one or two holes for handling the sandblast gun. The body is sheathed from the inside with technical rubber, and in its bottom part a grating or a retractable tray with a pipe for collecting the waste mixture is arranged.

1. Compulsory waste separation system (it is present in pressure chambers with air exchange of more than 8000 ... 9000 m3 / h).
2. Power ventilation units(calculated from the condition that the performance of sandblasting should be 4 ... 4.5 times less than the performance of the fans).
3. The presence of a cyclone to collect extra fine fractions of abrasive or sand.
4. Is there a unit for automatic cleaning of pipelines in the design (by the way, they should not be made of plastic: this material can change its characteristics depending on temperature, which negatively affects the values ​​of pneumatic resistance and the actual performance of the installation).
5. Materials adopted for wall cladding (the higher their elastic characteristics, the more efficient cleaning is).
6. Availability of useful additional options(trolley, rail track, etc.).

The price of the basic configuration of a pressure-type sandblasting chamber should also take into account the availability of several sets of gloves for the sandblasting chamber, protective masks, helmets, overalls and shoes for operators.

Very often we receive calls from Clients with the question of how to make a sandblasting chamber.

It all starts with the fact that there is an order for large products that either do not fit in a manual sandblasting chamber, or there are a lot of them and you need to save on material.

Another one from important factors- ecology. If you work under a canopy, then the dust cloud will inevitably fly in the direction of the wind to neighboring areas. In such devices, this can be avoided by using a ventilation system.

1. Do-it-yourself manufacturing should start with sandblasting. Here it is worth paying attention to modernization.

In most cases, the equipment sold on the market is equipped with an abrasive gate designed to work with light abrasives (sand, cooper slag, nickel slag, etc.). If the shutter is not designed to work with shot, then you need to purchase it separately and attach it to the sandblasting machine.

6. The floor inside the blasting chamber must be grated. When working as an abrasive in most cases, metal shot is used. If the floor is flat, the operator will slide on the abrasive, which can lead to an accident. Making the bottom corrugated is also inconvenient. It is best to cover the floor with lifting grates, under which there will be a recess for collecting waste material.

7. Ventilation inside the product is done for two purposes. The first is the creation of a vacuum inside the sandblasting chamber so that the compressed air entering the nozzle does not break out. The second is to provide visibility to the worker during production.

I also want to talk a little about the location of the diffusers of the supply and exhaust ventilation. The inflow is made by gravity, located either above the loading gate, or directly into them from above. The exhaust is done on the opposite side of the inflow, from below, as a rule, along the entire width of the equipment.

A semi-automated process is that only part of it is automated. In most cases, after hitting the surface to be cleaned, the material falls to the floor and is sieved through the grating and into the pits. There it is collected and periodically extracted by hand. It is either raked by hand scrapers into a central pit or collected by pneumatic transport. It is a device that creates a vacuum and sucks shot through the sleeves into the separator. The operator periodically has to stop the cleaning process and collect material from the pits. The cost of such a system will cost from 250 to 500 thousand rubles, depending on performance.

9. Shot blasting equipment should be located in a room with a positive temperature, because. condensation forms inside. It is not recommended to create a shot blasting installation inside the sandblasting chamber itself, because. it can fail.

The exhaust ventilation cyclone can be made outdoors, outside the premises. If you use a filter-ventilation machine, then it must be placed indoors. Moreover, it allows you to save on heating in the winter, because. The purified air is fed back to the industrial premises.

10. Among other things, the operator must be in protective equipment. The use of gas masks or petal-type respirators is contraindicated. They will not protect the worker from being hit by ricochet shot. What you should pay attention to? First, the sandblaster's helmet must have a compressed air supply for the operator to breathe. It is necessary to have a supply of replacement glasses. The coverall must be sufficiently airtight. The air supplied under the helmet must be cleaned through a special filter. Among other things, the worker must have gloves and industrial shoes with metal tips.

1. Choose the right shot blasting machine. It must be equipped with a shutter for working with metal shot and a pneumatic remote control valve.
2. The body must be optimal sizes, allowing you to freely perform cleaning work around the part.
3. The sandblasting chamber must be lined from the inside.
4. In addition to the loading gate, an emergency exit should also be provided.
5. Lighting inside the equipment is best placed outside, cutting holes in the body for fixtures. You also need to take care of local lighting.
6. The floor inside should be covered with grating.
7. There must be exhaust ventilation in the chamber.
8. It is necessary to complete the shot separation system.
9. Don't forget your sandblaster's protective equipment.

Sandblasting machine is useful for almost everyone. This device will help to quickly and efficiently clean surfaces from traces and scale. It is not difficult to find sand cleaning devices on sale, but they are not cheap. The most "budget" of them will cost at least 9,000 rubles. Today the editors of the online magazine site offers you detailed instructions about how to make sandblasting with your own hands. Video, tips from the masters and important recommendations for operating the device - in this article.

Read in the article

How the sandblasting machine works and its scheme

Build a sandblasting machine entirely from homemade parts if it doesn't work, you will have to purchase some parts of the device before starting work. In principle, a sandblaster is similar to an airbrush. It consists of a compressor that pumps the air flow, a line into which sand enters and a nozzle that ejects the filler towards the treated surfaces. The device itself can have impressive dimensions, if you, for example, need to be cleaned of traces of paint, or compact, if we are talking about fine work glass engraving.

In addition to the three main elements that have already been mentioned, the apparatus circuit includes a receiver, a system of taps, electrical and hoses. To fill the sand, you will need a main tank.

General scheme of the sandblasting machine

This is what the device diagram looks like.

As you can see, all components of the device can be purchased or manufactured separately, which means that the task is to manufacture sandblasting machine with your own hands - doable.

The principles of operation of the sandblasting machine and its scope

The simple principle of the action of sand as a powerful abrasive is known to all. The smallest particles that fall on work surface under pressure, tear off all layers, plaque, rust. The task of sandblasting is precisely to direct the abrasive in the right direction and provide the necessary pressure to do the job. The pressure is provided by an air compressor.

• Sleeves are easy to pick up. To do this, a rubber hose of the desired diameter is sufficient. The hose is fastened with metal clamps or ties.
• Nozzle- you can buy a ready-made nozzle or make it yourself from improvised material. To make the device last longer, it is equipped with replaceable ceramic caps with holes of 5-6 mm for accurate work.

How to make sandblasting with your own hands from improvised materials: master classes and videos

Think before you take on the manufacture of sandblasting. How big is your planned work? Buying an air compressor is also an expense from the family budget. If you are only faced with the task of cleaning, maybe it’s easier to rent such a device at one of the rental offices?

Another thing is if the unit is needed regularly. His purchase will be reflected in your wallet. Factory models often fail, and manufacturers give them a very modest warranty due to specific conditions work. So it turns out that it is cheaper to make a sandblast with your own hands, and given the use of replaceable parts, it will serve you indefinitely. Let's look at the most popular models from improvised materials.

How to make your own sandblasting from a gas cylinder

Image	Description of works
	A hole must be made in the bottom of the gas cylinder. Please note: the cylinder must be completely empty, this is very important for your safety! To make a hole of the desired diameter, several holes are first drilled, then the contents are cut into metal.
	Rough edges must be carefully processed with a grinding nozzle.
	A two-inch gon with a screw cap will need to be welded to the hole.
	The device will require fittings, shackles, a hose and ties.
	The hardest part of the job is unscrewing the valve from the cylinder. For old cylinders, the taps are usually unscrewed with difficulty, you can slightly warm them up with a burner, use a lever and a gas wrench, a vice.
	Screw the fitting into the vacant hole to connect the remaining parts.
	All threaded connections need to be sealed with tow or FUM thread.
	To exit the sand, you will need to build such a structure from adapters.
	Alternatively, you can use a nozzle from a cheap thermal gun for the nozzle. It is fixed at the end of the hose with electrical tape and clamps.
	To adjust the pressure power, you will need to install a valve at the connection point of the compressor hose.

A detailed guide on how to make a homemade sandblaster with your own hands in the following video:

How to make a sandblast from a fire extinguisher with your own hands

Image	Description of works
	For the manufacture of sandblasting small size You can use a regular fire extinguisher. Such a container will often have to be filled, but it is easy to transfer it to a new place.
	In fire extinguishers, the valve is much easier to unscrew than in a gas cylinder. All you need is a gas key.
	As in a gas cylinder, a hole must be made in the bottom of the fire extinguisher to fill the sand.
	A threaded fitting is welded to the resulting hole.
	Metal legs must be welded to the cylinder. They will give the structure stability and allow you to connect the hose from below.
	For further work, you will need a set of fittings and a crane.
	When assembled, the device looks like this: there is a crane at the outlet of the cylinder, on the left - an outlet for connecting a compressor, on the right - for a sandblasting sleeve.

It remains only to connect a compressor and a gun for a sandblaster to this installation. Such a small device is useful for small jobs.

Sandblasting nozzle and its manufacture by one's own hands

What is important for sandblasting nozzle? First of all, the diameter of the outlet hole, the accuracy of processing and the consumption of abrasive depend on it. How the abrasive is consumed depending on the nozzle diameter in the table:

Second important point- nozzle length. The length affects the quality of the surface finish. And lastly, the material. The stronger the material of the nozzle, the longer this structural element will last.

Finished factory products have standard nozzle diameters - 12, 10, 8 and 6 mm. You can find on sale nozzles with the Venturi system, the speed of abrasive particles in them can reach 720 km / h. Processing with such power is highly efficient.

From what you can make a sandblasting nozzle with your own hands, and how long it will last:

For your information! If you use steel shot as an abrasive, the nozzles will last almost three times longer.

Do-it-yourself manufacturing technology of nozzles from spark plugs for sandblasting:

Image	Description of works
	Suitable for ceramic nozzles car candles, almost every motorist has their stock (already used). You need to remove the tip from the candle, it can be easily removed without the use of tools.
	The core must be clamped in a vice and with gentle movements unscrew the candle so as to remove this metal core.
	The remaining core can be thrown away, it will no longer be useful.
	After the candle should be carefully cut with a grinder immediately after the first nut. Do this carefully so as not to split the ceramic.
	After trimming, all metal parts are easily removed from the ceramic tip, and the sandblasting nozzle is ready.
	The ceramic nozzle withstands a maximum of 2 hours of operation and then loses its shape. So if you need to ensure a longer run time, stock up on a set of tips.

How to extend the life of a homemade nozzle, see the following video:

How to make your own sandblasting gun

Compressor sandblasting gun is a tool for fine processing of small workpieces. It's easy to make, you just need plastic bottle and a gun with a nozzle. The details of the process are written in the video with the master class:

Pros and cons of homemade sandblasting

What benefits will you get if you take on the independent production of a sandblaster:

• save money, as a home-made unit will cost much cheaper than a purchased one;
• get a device more powerful than the factory one.

But not everything is so rosy, there are also disadvantages in this venture:

Think before you get down to business, and correctly calculate your capabilities.

A small instruction for the correct operation of the sandblaster

A sandblasting machine is a potentially dangerous unit, it is important to follow safety measures when working with it to avoid injury:

How much do factory-made sandblasters cost: the most popular models

Sandblasters for domestic use can be purchased in specialized stores. We have analyzed the range for you similar products and bring to your attention some of the most popular models on Yandex Market:

Does it make sense to do homemade sandblasting

We gave you everything known facts, materials and calculations, but you will have to answer this question yourself. You can buy a finished car for about 8,000 rubles, rental will cost you 500-800 rubles per day. Consider if you have accessories for self-manufacturing unit. If an air compressor is not lying around in the garage warehouse, buying it will also significantly affect your budget.

A sandblaster is a device that degreases, cleans finished parts, and also mattifies and engraves glass.

The finished device is expensive, so there is a great alternative: to make a sandblaster with your own hands. Such an installation will not be inferior to expensive equipment in terms of the quality of work and it can be easily assembled from improvised materials.

The principle of operation of the device is to push the abrasive out of the gun nozzle under high pressure. Thus, the sand jet cleans the treated surface: removes rust, mattifies the glass.

Photo of a homemade sandblaster:

Components of a sandblaster

The main components of the sandblaster:

• a compressor that supplies air under pressure;
• container for abrasive: plastic bottle, gas cylinder;
• duct;
• reinforced hose;
• abrasive fraction;
• reducer;
• abrasive spray gun.

The design of the gun includes the following parts: mixer, nozzle, levers for supplying compressed air and abrasive.

It is better to purchase a compressor ready-made, since it is rather difficult to make a device that would provide particles at a rate of 500 liters per minute with your own hands. In addition, the air supply motor must be with automatic subcooling mode.

The nozzle is an important part of the apparatus. It must be made of a heavy-duty material: boron or tungsten carbide. Ceramic and cast iron nozzles are short-lived: they fail after a few hours of operation. However, if one-time processing is carried out, then it is sufficient to use a cheap ceramic nozzle.

Sand sifted through a sieve is usually used as an abrasive at home. Depending on the desired result, choose a fine or coarse fraction from 0.5 to 3 mm. It is undesirable to use ordinary river sand. It is better to take sandy rock from quarries.

Often used at home baking soda. It perfectly grinds and cleans surfaces. But for large areas, it is not advisable to use soda, since it will take a lot. For fine and delicate processing, ready-made mixtures are used.

Basic designs of sandblasters

Depending on the nature of the work, use different kinds sandblasting machines. For decorative processing glass, a sandblasting chamber is required.

Tools are used to clean parts. open type. Open-type devices, depending on the method of supplying the abrasive, are divided into the following types:

• pressure;
• injection;

The drawings of these installations show a significant difference between them.

The principle of operation of the pressure apparatus consists in the flow of air both into the installation and into the dispenser of the sand container. The air flows are mixed, and then the compressed gas enters the hose with a nozzle. The last element sets the shape and pressure of the sand jet. The pressure apparatus is used for processing large surfaces during many hours of work.

Pressure plant scheme:

In the injection device, air and sand move along different sleeves. The result is a low pressure that is optimal for short-term work.

Scheme of the injector installation:

The best homemade sandblasting scheme is a suction apparatus with abrasive injection.

Sandblasting machine from a gas cylinder

A fairly popular device for cleaning large surfaces is a homemade sandblaster from a gas cylinder.

Photo of a sandblasting device from a gas cylinder:

To build this design you will need the following details:

• gas cylinder from propane or freon;
• compressor, power up to 3 kW and capacity up to 500 l/min.
• ball valves that regulate the passage of abrasive and air;
• line segment steel pipe from the water supply 2 inches with thread and plug; serving as a funnel for falling asleep sand;
• tee with thread DU 15;
• rubber hose up to 2 m and with a diameter of 14 mm;
• a piece of hose, 5 m long, with a diameter of 10 mm;
• gas hose 5 meters long and with an internal passage of 10 mm;
• fittings and clamps for hoses;
• nozzle made of high-strength material;
• FUM tape for sealing and eliminating corrosion on metal parts.

The nozzle (injector) can be machined by yourself, but it is better to buy ready-made. This is a critical part that provides the necessary jet pressure and direction. The nozzle should be made of boron or tungsten carbide, as the ceramic part will quickly wear out and become unusable.

The nozzle can be purchased ready-made or do it yourself. For the manufacture of the nozzle, a metal bar is taken, 30 mm long and 10 mm in diameter. It should bore an inner hole up to 2.5 mm to a length of 20 mm. The rest of the rod is bored into larger diameter- 6.5 mm.

The assembly process of the equipment occurs according to the following scheme:

1. Release the gas from the cylinder and unscrew the valve. There should be no gas left in the container, as this is fraught with dangerous consequences. To thoroughly clean the gas, a hose is inserted into it, which is connected to the compressor, and the remaining air is pumped out.
2. Two holes are made in an empty tank: one at the bottom of the cylinder, with a diameter of 12 mm, and the second, on the contrary, in the place of the tap, with a diameter of 2 inches. Exactly the same diameter should be a pipe at the inlet.
3. At the bottom of the cylinder, where there will be a drain of sand, a steel tee DU 15 is welded. Welding should ensure good tightness of the connection.
4. In order for the structure to stand steadily on the floor, a tripod or small wheels should be welded to the bottom of the cylinder. The wheel base will facilitate the deportation of the device when transporting it from place to place.
5. When the main frame of the device is ready, the installation is carried out small parts. Fittings are screwed onto the threaded parts of the pipes. The joints are sealed with FUM tape so that the structure is airtight.
6. Threaded bushings are installed on the open ends of the tee. At one outlet of the pipe, a hose with a diameter of 14 mm is screwed in, and on the other - copper tube, 10 mm in diameter. A reinforced hose is fixed to the copper pipe.
7. Next, a 14 mm fitting is connected to the cylinder valve. Then they take a hose with a diameter of 14 mm and fix it collet clamp at the cylinder, and the other end of the hose is attached to the clamp at the tee.
8. A sleeve is attached to the free end of the tee, which connects the tee mixer and the nozzle of the device.
9. The mixer is connected to the compressor using a hose with a diameter of 10 mm.

When the design is fully assembled, you can safely connect the compressor and start using a home-made unit.

To enhance the operation of the apparatus, you can connect another fitting to the sand tank, the other end of which is connected to the compressor.

Sandblaster simplified design

Based on the injector assembly, you can make a mini sandblaster from a polyethylene (PET) bottle with a volume of 1.5 liters.

Photo of a homemade sandblasting gun:

For a homemade injection apparatus that resembles a pistol in appearance, you will need:

• PET bottle;
• ball valve;
• tee connector;
• spray gun valve;
• nozzle;
• compressor.

The compressor is designed to supply air. This device must be purchased ready-made.

Assembly step by step instructions:

1. Turn the body of the gun to fit the nozzle on a lathe.
2. Attach a tee-mixer to the body. One of the fittings is connected to the compressor. It serves to move air, and a nozzle for air intake is mounted to the other end of the tee. A bottle with an abrasive is mounted on the third outlet of the mixer.
3. Compressed air is supplied from the compressor to the gun.
4. The ball valve is located between the bottle and the tee.
5. The movement of air masses is carried out by means of a handle from the spray gun, which is connected to a tee.
6. The top of the tank is cut off and the abrasive is poured there.
7. With a simple pull of the trigger, a jet of sand is ejected to the desired surface.

Such a simple device is suitable for single use or for short-term processing of small parts - up to 20-30 minutes. In this case, the use of a ceramic nozzle is allowed.

Sandblasting chamber

For sandblasting for small objects or vice versa - large surfaces, use a sandblasting chamber. This device allows you to save abrasive material, preventing it from scattering in the air.

Photo of the sandblasting chamber:

It is represented by a metal rectangular box. The structure is made from metal profiles And thin plywood. Outside, the tank is lined with steel sheets. The design is compact, as it fits even on the table.

A viewing glass can be made on one side of the chamber. Holes are made in the same wall, 10 cm in diameter for gloves. They put their hands into these gloves and perform the necessary actions.

The bottom of the box is lined with wire mesh. A tray is made under the grate, on which the spent abrasive is poured.

The chamber is equipped with a gun, which ensures the ejection of abrasive powder onto the treated surfaces. Therefore, in one of the walls of the chamber it is necessary to make a hole for a hose through which air will flow to the gun.

The sand hose can be placed in the tank with this abrasive. This is necessary for a continuous process: the used sand enters the tank, from which the next cycle will take place along the sleeve.

On one side, a closing hatch is made for supplying parts. For convenience, the chamber is illuminated, which allows you to freely control the process. To process the part, put your hands into rubber gloves inside the chamber and use a sandblast gun.

Thus, with the help of homemade sandblasting, you can make high-quality surface treatment and details. However, improper assembly of the unit may result in injury. To prevent this from happening, you need to purchase high-quality spare parts and install according to the instructions.