As you can see, these are rather big products, both in terms of weight and cost. Is it possible to make a sandblasting device for 1-2 liters from improvised materials, spending a minimum of money? This is quite possible, especially if you have a spray gun on hand.
In everyday life, they can be used to clean rusted metal tools and parts, elements metal gate before painting, removing dirt from the surfaces of house and garden paths, tiled or cemented.
Manufacturing process of a simple sandblaster
We present step by step instructions for the manufacture of sandblasting homemade products, working on the principle of an ejector (spray gun).Step 1. It is necessary to buy or borrow an air gun designed for pressure up to 4 MPa, a plastic 0.5- or 1-liter bottle, fitting, hoses and drills. We will mention other materials and tools as they are used at the corresponding step.
Step 2. We twist the cork from the bottle, and cut the remaining belt on the neck with a carpenter's knife and remove it. Screw the lid tightly into place.
Step 3. Using an electric drill and a 5 mm drill, we drill the neck of the bottle in diameter on both sides right under the lid itself.
Step 4. In drilled holes carefully insert the tube from the kit to the air gun. We determine on it the place where the bottle with sand will be located. It should be closer to the air pistol. This will provide greater structural reliability, better balance and ease of use.
Step 5. We take out the tube from the holes in the bottle and use a marker on the tube to mark the place where the oblong hole will be cut for sand to enter from the container.
Step 6 Using a metal file, we make an oblong, narrow hole on the tube, carefully cleaning its edges.
Step 7. Again we return the tube to its place, and the hole cut with a file should be directed downwards, and a bottle will be placed vertically upwards above it.
Step 8. We fill the places where the tube enters and exits the bottle with suitable glue, firstly, to ensure the strength of the connection, and secondly, to seal it so that during the operation of the sandblasting device, the air supplied by the compressor does not go outside.
After waiting for the glue to completely harden, you can start testing the sandblasting machine, after pouring dry sand with a particle size of not more than 0.5 mm into the bottle, and connecting the gun with a hose, connecting it to a compressor that is able to provide a pressure of 4 MPa (bar).
Step 9. Point the gun tube at dirt garden path, adjusting the air pressure, and hence the consumption of sand, using the handle on the tool. The cleaning efficiency is obvious.
Step 10. Let's try to clean rust from pliers that have been lying somewhere for a long time, exposed to water or humid air. By directing a stream of air mixed with sand to the rusty places of the tool, we achieve its complete cleaning. The surface of the metal after such processing acquires a noble matte shade.
For information: as a source of compressed air, a household air compressor, on the control panel of which there is an air flow adjustment knob, a flow meter, fittings for connecting hoses and a pressure gauge showing the pressure in the system.
As a cleaning agent, along with fine sand, finely crushed walnut shells can be used.
Work safety
Particles of sand or its substitute fly out of the nozzle of the sandblasting device at a speed of tens of meters per second and, reflected from the surface being cleaned, can damage unprotected parts of the body, especially eyes and hands.Therefore, when working with a sandblaster, it is necessary to use personal protective equipment: goggles or a shield, a respirator, gloves, long-sleeved clothing. It is desirable to work on outdoors or in a room with efficient supply and exhaust ventilation.
Way sandblasting surfaces was invented a long time ago and is widely used both in industry and in the household.
The principle of operation of sandblasting is simple, even a beginner can use it. Experienced craftsmen, having understood the intricacies of the sandblasting installation, they assemble the apparatus on their own.
Areas of application for sandblasting
Most often, sandblasting equipment is used in auto repair shops when processing metal surfaces, cleaning them from residues old paint or primer, traces of rust. Prepared with sandblasting the surface becomes smooth, clean, the paint stays on it longer.
No tool can clean the surface as well as sandblasting, after sandblasting, the smallest pores and cracks are cleaned. The advantage of this type of treatment is the absence of scratches after cleaning, which can remain after the use of brushes and sandpaper. WITH metal surface sandblasted, the primer adheres much better, which improves the quality of painting.
As well as sandblasting plants are widely used in other areas, except for body repair: this is the cleaning of metal parts at shipbuilding plants, other industries using metal products; it can be cleaning wooden or concrete surfaces during construction or renovation work.
Another area of application for sandblasting machines is artistic processing glass and wood. With the help of sandblasting, you can get all kinds of patterns on the surface that cannot be reproduced in other ways.
Principle of operation
The main elements of the sandblasting machine:
Principle of operation sandblasting machine simple and clear: the compressor creates the necessary air pressure, then the air is supplied to the gun; an abrasive is simultaneously fed into the gun, which, mixing with air, is thrown out under great pressure on the treated surface . Abrasive particles hit the surface, knocking down dirt from it and at the same time polishing it.
There are two main types of sandblasting machines according to the abrasive supply method:
- Injection - in these devices, the supply of abrasive and air flow passes through different sleeves, then a vacuum is created in the device, and the abrasive material is sucked into the air stream.
- Pressure - abrasive and air are supplied through one sleeve. The container for the abrasive in the pressure apparatus must be sealed, as it is supplied with high-pressure air.
According to the terms of use of devices There are two types of sandblasting equipment:
- Open type - used for outdoor work. Such installations are inexpensive, mobile, have small dimensions. The disadvantages of open processing devices include a high level of dustiness, the impossibility of collecting and reusing the abrasive, and an increased consumption of the abrasive mixture.
- closed type- used indoors, such installations are called sandblasting chambers. Sandblasters for closed processing are characterized by high power, best quality processing.
The quality of work will be affected by the impact power of the air-abrasive mixture on the surface; performance increases with increasing tool nozzle diameter. When buying, pay attention to the parameters of the working pressure of the device and the volume of the abrasive tank, which are indicated in the instructions for the sandblasting installation. In addition, performance data can be found in the instructions, which are expressed in the number of square meters processed per hour (m 2 / h).
An important factor is financial side Therefore, when choosing a device, all factors must be taken into account. If there is no experience, it is better to invite a specialist, consult with friends who work with sandblasting installations.
Overview of popular models
If it is not possible to buy a device you can try to make it yourself.
Self-made sandblasting
Assemble with your own hands sandblasting machine quite difficult, but if you have the necessary knowledge and details, it is quite possible. To do this, you need to purchase:
To assemble the device, you need to find detailed description this process, it is even better if it is video material. The advantage of a homemade sandblaster is to save money, but in terms of performance, purchased models, of course, surpass the “home” design.
Safety
Working with a sandblaster requires safety precautions because sandblasting poses a serious health hazard. When working, you need to follow a few rules:
At correct use sandblaster and compliance with safety regulations, the purchased sandblasting equipment will serve for many years. If the device was purchased for a mini-workshop, then it will help develop the business and bring considerable income owner.
Sandblasting is a versatile device that is used in industrial and living conditions. With it, you can clean the surface of the layer of the old coating, dirt, traces of corrosion.
There are several ways to become the owner of such a useful device in the household. First - buy already ready-made version in the shop. This is the easiest way. Its only disadvantage is its high cost. The second way is to assemble sandblasting with your own hands. This will require the investment of some effort, but in terms of material costs, this method is much more economical.
The principle of operation of the device
To understand how to do it yourself, you need to know the principle of its work. It is similar to the operation of an airbrush used to spray paint (and other paints and varnishes).
The main element of the installation is the compressor. It pumps air, creating the right pressure in all highways. Passing through the installation, the air creates a vacuum. Due to this, the abrasive material (sand) is mixed with air and enters the main line. From there, the flow passes to the nozzle, through which it exits. At the outlet, a stream of air with sand is created, which moves under high pressure. It is he who is sent to the treated surface.
The scheme of the sandblaster is shown in the figure.
Basic installation elements
Homemade sandblasting consists of the following parts:
- compressor;
- electrical cable for connection to the electrical network;
- hoses of a certain diameter;
- fitting for connecting elements;
- cranes;
- dispensers.
Nozzle
Another important element is the nozzle, without which the device will not be able to perform its functions. The nozzle for the sandblasting machine at the enterprise is made of steel and coated with boron or tungsten compounds. This gives the part durability. Less often, ordinary steel, ceramics or cast iron are used for production. But such elements are quickly destroyed under the influence of a stream with abrasive material.
At home, the sandblaster nozzle can be machined to lathe steel, using old spark plugs as a material. To do this, they take out a metal electrode, which is located inside the candle. True, such a mechanism is characterized by a short service life, because it wears out quickly. But its cost is also very low.
Types of devices
The device described above is typical for suction sandblasting equipment. But this is not the only version of the device. There are only 3 types of sandblasters:
- Suction. This option is easiest to make at home. It is suitable for cleaning surfaces at a light stage. This option differs in that air takes sand from the container and delivers it in the form of a stream.
- Vacuum. This type of equipment operates in a cyclic mode. This means that it is ejected to the surface through the nozzle, after which it is sucked back into the chamber for reuse.
- Pneumatic. This type of equipment is used to work on large areas or in hard-to-clean places. Homemade sandblasting of this type is a dangerous device in terms of safety. Therefore, it is not recommended to collect. This is due to the high pressure in the system and high power.
The feeder may be supplied with air or water. The first option is more common, since its design is simpler.
Supply of abrasive material
The abrasive can be fed in two different ways, depending on which sandblasters are divided into injection and pressure.
Pressure vessels are characterized high performance and work intensity. In them, air enters simultaneously into the apparatus itself and into the container with sand.
The injection method of supplying sand is characterized by low pressure, so it is used when sandblasting is done by hand. In this case, air and abrasive material move along different lines.
What can you collect yourself
Making devices at home involves using materials that can be easily found in your garage. In addition, apply simple designs that work effectively. Given this, you can be guided by a simple diagram, without any drawings.
As a container for abrasive material (receiver), where sand should be poured, you can use gas bottle. The hole for filling the balloon is located on top. Air under pressure will enter the receiver through a pipe mounted in the upper part of the cylinder, and, together with sand, will exit through the outlet hose located below.
Materials for the manufacture of the device
The drawings of the sandblaster make it clear what parts are needed for its manufacture and in what sequence they need to be connected. One of these drawings is shown in the figure below.
The need to purchase a compressor, which is the main element of the device, was discussed above. Its capacity should be at least 800 liters. It will require an oil separator so that the sand does not get wet.
In addition to the compressor, you will need a container to accommodate the abrasive material. Very often, a gas cylinder is used for this, the capacity of which is 50 liters. Its design allows it to withstand high pressure inside and mechanical damage outside.
Useful filter for running water, in which it is possible to replace the filler. Instead of a filter element, silica gel in balls will be poured into the flask (you can buy it at a pet store). The filter is necessary to dry the air before it enters the receiver.
The duration of continuous operation largely depends on the selected nozzle. Inexpensive options (made of cast iron or ceramics) are designed for several hours of operation. In some cases, they only last a few tens of minutes. Therefore, it is better to give preference to parts made of boron carbide or tungsten carbide and capable of withstanding hundreds of hours of intensive work.
In addition, the following parts will be needed to assemble the device:
- for air supply (length 5 m and inner diameter 10 mm);
- reinforced hose (length 2 m and inner diameter 2 m);
- fittings to hoses for connecting individual parts of the device with a rubber hose into a single system;
- ball valve made of brass (2 pcs.).
- a pipe with a thread and a plug (the neck will be made from it);
- a piece of pipe with the same diameter and three barrels;
- sealant for joints (fumlenta).
When all the parts are assembled, you can begin to assemble the sandblaster.
Assembly steps
Homemade sandblasting is assembled in the following sequence:
- Balloon preparation. If a used cylinder was purchased, it must be emptied of gas. To do this, the valve is twisted completely. The entire container is filled with water, which will displace the remaining gas. After that, work with the cylinder will be safe. Instead of a neck, we fasten a branch pipe with a ball valve. A tee is screwed into it from above, into which two fittings are inserted.
- Supports are welded from 3-4 pieces of reinforcement from the top side of the cylinder. Their length must be sufficient so that the crane does not touch the ground.
- A hole is made in the middle of the bottom of the cylinder, where the tee is welded. One tap is required for the cork. The second is for the air supply hose (a tubular extension is welded). All connections are recommended to be welded to ensure tightness. It can be threaded, but then a sealant must be used.
- A flow filter is attached to the tubular extension using a tee. To the tee - a hose, which at the second end will be connected to the fitting at the bottom of the cylinder (near the supports). Connections are fixed with clamps. A ball valve is placed at the inlet of the filter. A fitting is fixed to it, through which a hose coming from the compressor will be connected.
- The gun is assembled from a nozzle, which is connected through a piece of hose to a ball valve. The second end of the tap is connected to a metal tube (approximately 30 cm).
At this stage, the homemade sandblaster is ready. Handles can be welded on the sides of the receiver. This will make it easier to carry.
The sandblaster is a special device that ejects sand at a considerable speed. The main task is to clean or polish the surface to be treated.
Modern specialized stores offer a variety of sandblasting units, differing in their power level and cost. However, functional and reliable products are offered at a fairly high price. At the same time, models of the middle price range can quickly become unusable. As a result, many people are interested in what scheme is used to make a sandblasting machine with their own hands. The task can be completed in the shortest possible time and without any difficulties.
Drawings and diagrams
Before you start manufacturing a sandblaster, it is extremely important to understand the specifics of its operation.
General principle operation is easy. Simple Models in their design, they resemble the design of an airbrush. Any drawing can confirm this. It is assumed that the equipment will receive a compressed air flow into its air ducts, after which it will lift the sand and throw it out through the nozzle. Such an easy principle of operation contributes to the convenient and quick use of the device. In addition, its manufacture is surprisingly simple.
However, in order to successfully create a homemade sandblasting unit, a special compressor is required. It must guarantee the supply of air flow at optimum pressure. In fact, it is difficult to create a compressor on your own, so it is best to buy it in a specialized store. It is advisable to choose models with a power of at least 3 kW and the presence of a forced cooling system. It will not be possible to successfully create a sandblasting unit without a compressor, since it simply will not be able to cope with the tasks set.
Being interested in how to make a sandblasting machine with your own hands, it is extremely important to understand the specifics of the equipment used. Otherwise, the created unit will not be able to show the optimal level of functionality and successfully provide high-pressure air flow. Experts note that it is best to use compressors with a capacity of at least 500 liters per minute. To eliminate unnecessary risks associated with the functionality of the equipment, the compressor motor must have a forced cooling system to eliminate the risk of overheating.
To create a sandblast you will need to use:
- A compressor that will contribute to a stable supply of air at optimal pressure.
- A special container for the material (sand), which must supply the abrasive material without interruption. It is recommended to use a gas cylinder from propane or freon. Both containers are ready to boast optimal resistance to mechanical factors and the readiness to contain significant pressure.
- A sandblaster nozzle is also required for the successful operation of the unit. The best materials are boron and tungsten carbide. Short-lived products are made of ceramics, cast iron, but they cannot cope with long intensive work.
- To create a complete structure, you also need to use a 2-inch piece of steel water pipe with special thread and plug, ball valves type S 111, threaded pipe DN 15 with three adapters, 2-meter reinforced rubber hose, gas hose, collet clamp, hose fittings, PTFE sealing tape.
By using high quality components affordable prices, the total cost of the kit will be about 35 dollars. In fact, this amount is more profitable compared to the price of finished sandblasting equipment.
How to make a nozzle, nozzle, gun
When creating a home-made sandblasting machine with your own hands, it is recommended to pay attention to the manufacturing features of the nozzle, nozzle and gun. Only in this case a high level of equipment reliability and the possibility of its successful operation is guaranteed.
Homemade nozzle
In order to create a special nozzle for a sandblaster, it is recommended to take care of the availability of special structural details:
- a nozzle through which a mixture of water and sand will be supplied to the treatment zone;
- trigger;
- reinforced hose that successfully withstands significant pressure;
- dispenser for guaranteed savings in abrasive material used.
On the nozzle of the created sandblaster, it is best to install a ceramic nozzle that can last long time. At the same time, the metal analogue will not justify the hopes placed on its operational life.
It is important to remember that the efficiency of the sandblaster with homemade nozzle, largely depends on the quality of the nozzle used. For this reason, it is best to create a nozzle yourself only if it is possible to drill an exact hole in a metal rod with a diameter of about 15 millimeters. If this is not possible, it is best to use the factory nozzle, as it will contribute to the successful operation of the entire apparatus. When choosing serial products, one can note the presence of special triggers, which allow you to count on the successful operation of the sandblaster.
When choosing a hose, it is recommended to take into account that its minimum length should be 2 meters for maximum convenience. At the same time, it is best to choose reinforced products, as they can work under high pressure and show resistance to abrasive material. An unreinforced apparatus can quickly become unusable.
Features of creating a nozzle:
- the use of a ceramic or metal tip is recommended;
- on the installed tip, it is best to fix the functional dispenser;
- to secure the hose, use a clamp of optimal diameter and a fitting.
The most important thing to remember is that the nozzle will be subjected to considerable pressure generated by the compressor of the sandblaster. To eliminate unnecessary risks, you should take care of the tightness and reliability of the structure, therefore, a fum tape is required for additional fastening.
Nozzle
The main characteristics of the nozzle of any sandblasting machine:
- hole type;
- diameter;
- length;
- manufacturing material.
Important! The diameter of the hole in the nozzle, which is fixed on the unit using a special holder, directly depends on the performance of the device. In this case, the performance is determined by the power of the jet or the volume of air flow that can be passed over a certain period of time. At the same time, the power of the jet becomes directly proportional to the volume of air flow that passes through the unit. For this reason, in order to increase the power of the device, it is recommended to create a nozzle with large diameter. Creating a sandblast for washing high pressure with your own hands, you should take care of the correct creation of the nozzle.
So the ratios are:
- 6 millimeters (1/4 inch) - 100% power;
- 8 millimeters (5/16 inches) - 157%;
- 9.5 millimeters (3/8 inch) - 220%;
- 11 millimeters (7/16 inches) - 320%;
- 12.5 millimeters (1/2 inch) - 400%.
At the same time, a nozzle with a diameter of 6 millimeters contributes to the emergence of a jet with a power of 30 cubic meters at one o'clock.
For sandblasting any surfaces with minor contamination, it is best to choose nozzles with a length of 7-8 centimeters. At the same time, for effective cleaning of surfaces with complex contamination, models with a length of up to 23 centimeters are required.
At home, you can only successfully make a do-it-yourself sandblaster nozzle that will have ordinary holes, but even this task is likely to seem complicated and specific. At the same time, self-creation of sandblasters with internal holes cannot be successful, since their production requires special equipment.
To create nozzles, it is customary to use various materials that affect durability finished product. So, the approximate life of the unit being created during intensive work:
- ceramics - 1-2 hours;
- cast iron - 6-8 hours;
- tungsten carbide - 300 hours;
- boron carbide - 750-1000 hours.
If steel shot is used instead of sand as an abrasive material in a sandblasting machine, the durability of the nozzles increases by 2-2.5 times. In any case, it is recommended to choose only suitable materials to increase the operational life of the sandblasting unit. By independently making a sandblasting nozzle with your own hands, you need to appreciate your work and correctly evaluate its expediency instead of thinking only about saving. This approach provides an opportunity to assess the maximum benefit independent holding measures to create a sandblasting apparatus.
Gun
If you need to create a sandblasting gun with your own hands, it is extremely important to understand the specifics of the execution of this unit.
The simplest gun includes a handle, two fittings and a special tip. In this case, one fitting is required for the air flow at optimal pressure, and the other for sand suction.
Initially, you will need to take care of the presence of a nozzle or nozzle. You should be prepared for the fact that air with sand under optimal pressure can be ejected through the nozzle. In order for the sandblasting unit to work successfully, independent production of a nozzle or nozzle is allowed only with a guaranteed understanding of the features of the device and its capabilities. effective work.
Given the size of the nozzle, you should carve the body to the gun. Then a handle and two fittings are attached to the body. The easiest way is to assemble the unit using plumbing fittings, a tee and a plastic sand container. Such a sandblasting machine can be made in the shortest possible time. To do this, you just need to pour sand into the container used, and then attach it to the second end of the fitting. In this case, the design should include a hose with compressed air flow, which will be produced by the compressor.
Knowing how you can successfully make a sandblasting machine with your own hands, it is guaranteed that you can successfully create a unit that will delight you with a high level of functionality and reliability.
Sandblasting from Karcher
Attention! The main difference between equipment from Karcher is the use of pneumatic equipment for washing, which will also find its rightful place in automotive work.
In this case, a conventional compressor is not required. It is assumed that the abrasive material (most often sand) will be supplied under the influence of strong kinetic energy, which will contribute to effective cleaning. At the same time, the created do-it-yourself sandblasting nozzle for Karcher can be implemented on the basis of a gun designed for pneumatic cleaning equipment.
To create a nozzle, it is best to use quality materials. In this case, it is allowed to use only sand of a very fine fraction, which will be supplied together with distilled water. Otherwise, there is a risk that the sandblasting unit will not last for a long time due to its increased vulnerability to various external factors.
So, how to make a sandblaster with your own hands? What additional aspects should be considered?
The most important thing is to understand the specifics of sandblasting:
- When you press a special gun, the water should pass by the intake hose. The main goal is to create a vacuum.
- Subsequently, the created vacuum sucks in the sand, which is mixed with water. The desired process starts successfully.
The implementation of such a scheme is usually impractical. Most often it is recommended to use additions in the form of taps, dispensers. If you manage to successfully create a homemade sandblast with your own hands, cleaning a surface with a diameter of 70-80 centimeters can take a minimum of time and up to 30 kilograms of sand.
When creating a nozzle for a sandblaster, you need to take care of the mandatory availability of the following details:
- nozzle ( this device is the basis for any sandblasting equipment, not just for Karcher);
- trigger;
- reinforced hose (minimum length - 2 meters);
- convenient and functional dispenser;
- ceramic nozzle for active use sandblasting unit (the metal analogue will quickly become unusable).
It should be noted that it is not so easy to create a sandblast from Karcher with your own hands. The specificity will manifest itself even in the manufacture of the nozzle, because for this you will need to choose a metal rod with a diameter of 15 millimeters or more and carefully saw it from the middle.
You can assemble the nozzle according to the following scheme:
- a nozzle is attached to the nozzle by means of an existing thread;
- on the other side of the nozzle, a reinforced hose is installed, which is fixed with a fitting and a clamp;
- a dispenser is installed at the end of the ceramic nozzle.
It is these three main aspects that contribute to the creation of a ceramic nozzle that will allow you to use sandblasting equipment for a long time.
To save sand, it is allowed to use a special tank with a grate. This requires a reinforced hose, which is attached to a container with water and abrasive material, as well as to a pan for collecting waste sand.
Do-it-yourself sandblasting video from Karcher will allow you to understand the specifics of the equipment with its further successful use.
DIY mini version
The easiest task is to create a mini sandblaster with your own hands. In this case, you need to perform certain tasks that will allow you to become the owner functional unit. So, how to assemble a sandblaster with your own hands?
- Initially, you should prepare the selected container. For example, if a cylinder is used that previously held propane, the remaining propane is vented before the throat is cut.
- Pass inside the prepared container. The compressor pumps the balloon.
- Two holes are made in the prepared container, which are located opposite each other: in place of the tap and at the bottom.
- The holes are welded to create a reliable neck.
- A pipe is welded to the hole from below. When creating a sandblasting machine with your own hands, it is extremely important to monitor the tightness of the structure.
- The cylinder is placed on a tripod or wheels for transportation and stability.
- A fum tape is wound on the threaded ends of the pipes for tightness.
- Screw taps for equipment.
- Fittings are installed on the tee. A 14 mm hose is screwed into one, and a copper tube with hose. A hose is connected to the third fitting and secured with a clamp.
- On the opposite side, a container for abrasive material is installed.
- A special collet clamp with a nozzle is attached to the end of the hose.
- A tee is installed at the inlet to supply air flow. In addition, a crane with a sand bottle is connected.
- The first outlet from the tee is connected to the compressor, the second to the tank.
You can try to create a complex or simple sandblast with your own hands even at home, but you need to take care of high level functionality and reliability of the unit. In addition, sandblasting equipment must function successfully.
Before you take on a homemade sandblaster, you should answer a few questions. This approach will help to avoid both unnecessary expenses and a certain amount of disappointment in the future. So, before you start assembling a sandblasting machine with your own hands, you should decide on the main purpose of the device.
If sandblasting is planned decorative processing glass and mirrors - the option of a sandblasting chamber seems to be optimal.
Its dimensions are determined based on the dimensions of the products with which it is supposed to work. If it is planned to sandblast cleaning of materials for painting and priming, then it is necessary to manufacture a sandblasting machine open type and to work with it requires a separate closed room.
homemade sandblaster from gas balog
At what level will the unit be operated?
On amateur or professional, focused on business? Homemade apparatus you can make it with your own hands. And he will be able to work even with a scale of production comparable to industrial ones. But the resource put into it should be of a completely different plan. It all depends on the quality of the materials used, the size of the installation and its power. This should not be forgotten.
diagram of a simple sandblasting machine
Let's start with the simplest - a sandblasting gun.
In the simplest version, this is a handle with a tip and two fittings.
Compressed air is supplied one at a time, sand is sucked through the second. Of course, it’s better not to do a sandblasting gun with your own hands from start to finish, but to purchase it ready-made, especially if you plan on intensive use of the device. But for home use It is quite possible to collect from what is at hand.
First of all, you need to choose a nozzle, i.e.
e. a nozzle through which a jet of air with an abrasive is ejected.
Sandblaster: how to assemble the installation at home
Sharpening yourself or ordering does not make sense, you will not achieve decent quality and a resource. It is better to buy made of tungsten carbide or boron. Their service life before wear is hundreds of hours, while ceramic or cast iron ones last for two to three hours.
The high abrasiveness of the sand, multiplied by the high feed rate, leads to rapid wear of the outlet channel.
An example of a homemade sandblasting gun made from a valve from an airbrush, a tee, ball valve and a ceramic nozzle from a dental machine.
Under the dimensions of the nozzle, the body of the gun is sharpened.
A handle and fittings are attached to it. The simplest option assembled from several water fittings, a tee and a plastic container for sand - it can serve as a cut plastic bottle attached at the top.
Such a sandblasting installation is assembled literally with your own hands in a few hours. Sand is poured into the bottle, the gun is connected to ... Yes, compressed air is supplied to the gun from a compressor or line.
This is the first, but not the last, difficulty that a beginner sandblaster has to face.
The compressor will have to be acquired, sooner or later. You can rent, of course, but this will be a temporary measure. Alternatively, you can make a compressor with your own hands.
Consumable
Assume that both gun and compressor are available.
It's time to take care of the abrasive as a consumable. Sand, in the usual sense, is not very suitable for the task. Its composition is heterogeneous, the particles have an unequal size and shape. Hence the nature of the resulting surface.
In addition, the grains of sand are broken in the process, turning into dust. Very soon sand mass becomes completely unusable. In short consumable dress up to buy.
The fact is that for high-quality sandblasting you need special types abrasive.
Often it is not even sand, but materials of artificial or natural origin. Their choice depends on the specifics of the work and is determined by the following parameters:
- hardness
- grain size and shape
It turns out that you need a considerable supply of it or you have to go to forced stops. Thus, the idea to conduct the process not in the open air, but in a closed space, ripened by itself.
Universal Sandblasting Chamber
Thus, we moved on to the idea of creating a camera for processing small details. By design, this is a rectangular box, welded from a metal corner and sheathed with a steel sheet 1 mm thick. It will be most convenient to place it on a table or on a stand.
On the long side of the chamber, it is necessary to provide viewing window from glass.
In order to be able to perform internal manipulations, two holes with a diameter of 100 mm are made in the front wall.
A pair of matching gloves is attached to them. Both glass and chamber gloves will be subject to wear and should be considered for replacement.
The bottom of the box is taken up with a wire grate, under it there is a chute that opens into a container for collecting waste sand.
Air is supplied to the pistol placed inside through a connector in the wall. The sand hose is lowered into the sand container. Thus, the sand during operation is poured back and does not go beyond working area. For indoor lighting, two fluorescent lamps of suitable sizes are used. The design will be more perfect if it is supplemented with ventilation.
On the side there is a hatch through which the product is placed inside.
To ensure the possibility of processing long workpieces, it is better to make loading windows on the sides. Covered with a tarpaulin, they will allow you to drive long products through the chamber.
Pressure type devices
You can also make your own if you wish. sandblasting machine pressure type.
Its design is not fundamental. Suitable for this purpose metal barrel. The bottom should be cut off and replaced with a cone. In its lower part, a sand lock with a tee is attached, to which a hose from the compressor is connected on one side, and a sleeve with a nozzle leaves on the other.
From the fire extinguisher, only the body was used, a perforated tube was passed through it, after which the container was filled with sand and compressed air was supplied.
Sort of like an injector. The design is simple, but it can only be recommended as an amateur device.
The above constructions describe only the general scheme and principle of operation. If you decide to make a homemade sandblaster for long-term operation, you should set specific parameters and sit down for the calculations - you can’t do without it.
I would like to wish success to all DIYers, and sandblasters in particular.
SANDBLASTING MACHINE
SANDBLASTING MACHINE(industrial), apparatus various designs, in which a jet of sand is driven into a strong translational motion by air (pneumatic P.
a.) or water (hydraulic P. a.) and is directed to the workpiece from the nozzle. P. a. they are used to clean metal products from pollution, adhering earth, dust, scale, etc. (for example, for cleaning castings in stub compartments, for 
Figure 1. Sandblasting chamber.
deposition from scale preliminarily to electroforming processes, etc.). For cleaning castings, as well as for cleaning products from scale, depending on their size, sandblasting drums, tables [rotating (Fig.
2) and walk-through (Fig. 4)) and sandblasting chambers [closed and open (Figures 1 and 3)]; for small casting - drums, for medium - tables and for large - chambers. In P. a. quartz and river sand are used, and in Lately steel sand (shot) is increasingly being used. The size of the sand particles is taken depending on the product to be cleaned, and particles from 1 to 2 are used to clean the casting. mm, for descaling-particles in 0.75 mm and less. Part of the sand (5-8%) when working in P.
a., crushed, turns into dust. The amount of dust found in P. a. at the place of work of the sandblaster, reaches (with satisfactory ventilation) 10-30 mg dust in 1 cubic meter of air. With very good ventilation, Beintker did not detect any dust at all. In case of insufficient ventilation of Leshchinskaya, 175 mg, and in some cases even more than 200 mg, Kagan 133-160 mg" Frobese 334-453 mg dust in 1 m3.
With no ventilation Beintker inside. cameras detected 2.690 mg. By size 92-97% of dust particles - up to 10 c. According to his chem. The composition of the dust during cleaning of castings consists of mixed dust of quartz sand and foundry earth.
The dust which is formed at P. and.,. non-poisonous, except for dust during cleaning - 
Figure 2. Sandblasted floor (rotating).
Figure 3
Figure 4
Sandblasting table (pass-through).
Figure 5 Topic about the supply "to the air
4>13 lead products, such as
battery plates. An example of the composition of the dust obtained by cleaning the casting: Si02-88.3%; A1203-4%; Fe203-3.6%, the rest is organic matter. Dust P.
a., mostly quartz in all cases, can seriously affect the respiratory system (see. Dust, pneumoconiosis). Work with P. and. replaced the processes previously performed on grinding grinding machines and accompanied by significant dust emission. P.'s use and. has a certain positive value from the point of view of occupational health, since a) does not require rough, as in chopping, physical. forces, b) under the condition of a rational dust separation device, it makes it possible to protect the worker from significant amounts of dust released during cleaning.
The significant amounts of dust noted above, found during the work of P. a., show that the lack of appropriate devices for dust removal and supervision of the work of P.
DIY homemade sandblaster
can turn the last V a source of significant dust formation, moreover, the dust ejected with force from the P. a. not only penetrates the body together with the inhaled air, but also strikes the worker, falling into his face, eyes, etc.
e. Hygienic measures that significantly reduce dust removal are reduced to 1) exhausting the waste sand and the resulting dust with an exhauster; 2) to the office of the worker directing the nozzle P. a., with a partition from the place where the sand jet is sprayed; 3) to the constant correction of all the cracks in the P. a. and its pipes that let sand and dust out. To protect the worker from dust during the operation of P. drums, hermetically closing them is sufficient; while working P.
rotating tables, it is necessary to cover the working place (rear part) of the table with a casing (tarpaulin, rubber plates) to protect against scattered particles of dust and sand, as well as their sufficient suction, leaving small openings only for loading and unloading products; when working with P. cameras ^ in relation to whether they are closed or open): in closed-separation for the worker of a special compartment (booth), where the worker is placed in front of the door, in which there are holes that allow him to direct the nozzle and observe cleaning process; exhausters sucking air inside the chamber create a rarefied space in it, as a result of which the draft of air goes from the outside (from the compartment where the worker is located) to the inside of the chamber, and there is no possibility of air (containing dust) from entering the chamber (where the cleaning takes place) through the holes in the door to the worker's cabin; in open chambers, where the worker is inside the chamber itself, helmets are needed to direct the nozzle (Fig.
5), and breathing occurs through tubes that remove exhaled air and bring in inhaled air (see Fig. Protective devices at work) and corresponding overalls with tight-fitting sleeves and trouser ends.
Recently, hydraulic cleaning of castings in chambers has begun to be used, carried out with a jet of water under high pressure (35-100 atm.). Hydraulic cleaning is more hygienic than sandblasting, because with it there is absolutely no dust, edges with P. a. still pollutes the indoor air to a certain extent. Abroad, sand-hydraulic cleaning is beginning to be used, in which the sand is not carried away by a jet of air, as in P.
a., and a jet of water under pressure. Lit.: Aksenov, Rationalization of the foundry business, M., 1932. See also literature to Art. Foundry.S. Tazz.
