Coffee is the favorite drink of many on the planet. It has an invigorating effect on the human body, improves performance and fills with energy. But, few people know that coffee can be grown on your balcony. Lovers of this drink do not think to see a plant called the coffee tree at home. How to grow coffee? This is easy to do. First of all, you need to get the seeds, but remember that the seeds must be fresh, as dried seeds will not germinate. But, that's not all - before planting the seeds, you need to clean out all the pulp and wash them in a solution of potassium permanganate.

• Where is the best place to put a tree?
• Watering
• Possible diseases
• Active growth
• top dressing
• Transfer
• Video tips

preparing the ground

The soil should be prepared and the seeds spread out at a distance of 3-4 cm. As for the soil, it should consist of deciduous soil and sand, in equal parts. Coffee beans should only be placed on the ground and not sprinkled, because the beans can rot in the ground. After that for seeds necessary care. To do this, they must be watered and, of course, covered with glass or polyethylene so that the soil always remains moist. But, also, do not forget to periodically ventilate - about twice a week, although make sure that the temperature does not fall below 20 degrees. If properly cared for, the seeds should sprout in 2 months. As for transplanting, this is only possible after several pairs of leaves have appeared.

Where is the best place to put a tree?

You need to put the coffee tree in a well-lit place, but avoid direct sunlight. If the rays fall on the leaves, then spots on the leaves may appear, which means that the plant has received a burn. If such spots have already appeared, then the plant must be saved - put in a less lit place or covered from the sun. If the spots do not go away, then the cause may be a draft on which the plant stands.

Watering

Regular watering and spraying is a must for coffee as this plant cannot thrive well in a dry environment. Otherwise, the leaves may dry out. If the coffee has already dried up a little, then you can restore it if you arrange water baths. But it happens that this does not help, since the reason may be in the root system, maybe you flooded your plant. Then you should leave the soil to dry without watering. It is considered quite normal if the lower leaves of the tree dry - this occurs as the plant grows.

Possible diseases

There are times when coffee leaves turn black - this can cause iron deficiency. Then it is worth feeding the plant with some kind of iron-containing fertilizer or simply sticking a few nails into the pot.

There were times when coffee trees were considered exotic, but now you can grow such a tree at home. Of course, every coffee lover would like to have such a plant, especially since now this is no longer a problem. The coffee tree not only smells and blooms beautifully, but also bears fruit. Not every variety of coffee can be grown at home, as some have very tall trees, which is inconvenient in room conditions and requires special space.

It is best to grow a coffee tree by planting cuttings, but you can also propagate by grains, only, as already mentioned, fresh grains. If you plant cuttings, then growing a coffee tree will be very simple, but not many people know that, doing everything right, growing from grain is also not difficult.

As for the variety, it is better to grow Arabica at home and if the grains are fully ripe. Almost a hundred percent guarantee will be given by seeds that are plucked directly from the tree, and not bought in a store. Store beans are unlikely to germinate. If the grains are plucked from a tree, then it must immediately be planted in the ground, as it quickly loses its ability to grow. The soil also needs to be selected very carefully - it should be slightly acidic, loose and cleared of any debris.

The coffee bean also needs to be prepared for planting. To do this, it should be cleaned of the outer shell and put somewhere for one hour in a solution of potassium permanganate. After this time, the grain must be removed with tweezers. It is necessary to plant grain in a small pot, since after growth, the plant can be transplanted. Drainage should be poured at the bottom of the pot, and only then the prepared soil. Plant coffee beans to a depth of 1 cm. Everyone knows that one side of the bean is flat and the other is round, so you also need to plant coffee accordingly - so that the flat side is at the bottom and the round side is on the surface. This will make it easier for the coffee sprouts to break through to the surface. After the grain is planted, it should be watered abundantly and greenhouse conditions should be created. To do this, cover the pot with glass and put in a bright place. The temperature in the pot should not be lower than 19 degrees and not higher than 24.

Watering the grain is required every three days and only in the pan. The soil must remain constantly moist, so it is necessary to check whether there is enough moisture in the pot. If it is not enough, then water should be more. When the plant begins to grow, it is not worth loosening the earth at this stage.

Active growth

If everything is done correctly, then in a few months it will be possible to see the first processes. Then you can start accustoming the plant to room temperature. You can start with periodic ventilation. To do this, simply remove the glass for a while, only not for long, and then cover it again. After a while, the coating can be completely removed. If you managed to grow a coffee tree, then this is not a complete victory, since caring for it also plays a big role.

The finished coffee tree should stand in a place where the lighting will be diffused, and the air temperature in summer is about 23-25 ​​degrees, and in winter 15-17 degrees. It is also important not to allow the soil to dry out, because the plant may dry out and, in the future, die altogether. In the hot summer time, the coffee tree requires more moisture, so it should be watered every day, and to avoid overflowing, you can put a container of water near the plant. The water that needs to be watered on the tree must be settled. In winter, you need to water once a week. The coffee tree loves water, so it is advisable to spray it daily with settled water.

This plant has another feature - it does not like drafts and stand near others. indoor plants. As the tree grows, it should be pinned down in the spring to encourage flowering.

To achieve the fruiting of a coffee tree, you should properly and constantly care for it. To do this, weeds must be removed or weeded in time, as well as treated with fungicides and insecticides. These drugs are needed in order to protect plants from pests and diseases. As for the fruits, with proper care, they appear no earlier than two years later.

If you take good care of and know how to grow coffee, then the plant will not only delight with its presence, but also bear fruits that are natural coffee.

Many people think that coffee trees do not tolerate neighborhood with other plants, but this is not entirely true, because such intolerance is very rare. If the goal is to obtain fruits, then the tree must be placed in a very bright place, since coffee loves light. In the hot tropics, coffee trees do not have a lot of sun, they are more in the shade, but in our climatic conditions home plant should be placed on the south window sill. If you put a coffee tree in another, not so bright room, then it will not grow well, and definitely will not bear fruit. The coffee tree loves diffused light, and also does not like to change position. If you turn the tree, then the leaves will grow evenly, but such a tree will not bear fruit.

top dressing

As for top dressing, the coffee tree is needed during active growth, feed every 7-10 days. But, the drug should be alternated - every other time the water infusion of mullein and mineral fertilizer with trace elements. In the spring, you can water with most of the nitrogen, but in the fall the plant requires more potassium. When the fruits begin to form, it is better to add phosphorus to the soil. The source of phosphorus is bone meal, which is well absorbed.

A coffee tree requires pollination, but in the house this, at first glance, is impossible. Although you can use a cotton swab and alternately dip in each flower and move on to another flower.

Transfer

Young coffee plants should be transplanted every year, but an older tree can be transplanted after two to three years.

Coffee transplanting is easy required process. This must be done in the spring every two years. But, you should not take a very large pot at once, it is better to increase the pot by 2-3 centimeters each time. The pot can be narrow, but tall, as the coffee tree has a very developed root system. It is important to intervene as little as possible in the independent life of the plant, not to cut it unnecessarily. You can cut leaves or branches only if the tree no longer fits in the room where it grows.

The plant reproduces better with seeds and it is easier to grow a full-fledged coffee tree. Propagation by cuttings is used less frequently. A tree, after planting grain, will bear fruit only in the third year, and may not bear fruit at all if it has not retained its properties. mother plant.

The coffee tree is not durable, because from the constant fruiting the branches are exposed and lose their strength. To rejuvenate such a tree, you can cut the crown 8-10 centimeters from the ground and form a new one from these shoots.

Growing with cuttings

If you grow a coffee tree from cuttings, then it can bear fruit in the first year, that is, immediately after rooting, the tree can bloom. These cuttings retain all the properties of mother trees, so the fruits are large and there are many of them. But, a tree grows from a cutting much more slowly than from grain.

Cuttings are used from the shoot of last year's growth, only from the middle part of the crown. They are cut obliquely with two pairs of leaves. To stimulate the formation of roots, the bottom of the cutting is scratched with a needle. Before planting, the cutting is treated with a solution of heteroauxin, and then left in this solution for 4 hours. After this time, the cutting is taken out and the lower part is powdered with charcoal powder. Cuttings should be planted vertically in a mixture of sifted peat and perlite. Petioles, where there is a lower part of the leaves, are buried half in the ground. You just need to make sure that adjacent petioles do not touch each other. After the petioles are planted, the ground should be watered with a solution of potassium permanganate and covered with polyethylene or glass so that the petioles grow in greenhouse conditions. A pot with a coffee stem should be placed on a windowsill in the southern part of the room, but not in direct sunlight. The temperature of the substrate should be maintained at 25-27 degrees. Such a greenhouse must be periodically ventilated by opening the glass for a few minutes. The first buds should appear somewhere in 40 days.

Transplant cuttings only when new pairs of leaves appear. If before that several cuttings were planted in one pot, then after the appearance of new leaves, they are already transplanted into individual pots. The soil is a mixture of turf, sand and peat. Drainage is laid out at the bottom, and then the soil. The stalk needs to be planted, watered and placed in a bright place.

If the cuttings have taken root and buds have appeared on them, then they should not be removed, because they will not interfere with the development of the tree, but will only bring the first full-fledged fruits.

Coffee trees will begin to bear fruit only after year-round care, and this includes weeding, fertilizing and pest control.

Growing coffee trees is not that difficult. It is necessary to have either a sufficiently large window sill or a veranda that is well insulated. This plant requires a lot of space, as the coffee tree can grow up to two meters. Of course, you can form it compact, but it is quite difficult.

Almost everyone loves strong, invigorating coffee. But, to the deepest regret, coffee is not grown in our country - therefore, we have only two options to drink real, fresh coffee: either go to a country where coffee is produced (countries in Africa and Asia), or ... grow a coffee tree at home ! Yes, yes, do not be surprised - it is possible, and it will not be difficult. And besides, it looks very nice and looks like lemon Tree- the same leathery, large and smooth leaves of dark green color, and the height rarely exceeds 1.5 meters. In the axils of the leaves there are flowers that resemble jasmine (though a little larger) and smell pleasant. Then, cherry-sized fruits ripen from these flowers, but not round, but slightly elongated: first green, then red, and finally black and blue. Moreover, on the same branch, both flowers and green fruits, as well as red ones, both red ones and black and blue ones, can coexist. The fact is that coffee fruits may not ripen at the same time. After ripening, they can be plucked, fried, ground - and enjoy the aroma of fresh, natural coffee from my own garden. How to deliver such exotic pleasure to yourself and your family?

Some facts from the history of coffee

Now the best coffee is rightfully recognized as Arabian (Arabica group). And this is no accident - the fact is that, according to legend, the drink of coffee appeared in the XII-XIII century in Arabia, thanks to one Arab mullah. One day he saw that goats, after eating the leaves and berries of the coffee tree, become active, excited and agile. Mulla decided to try giving an infusion of coffee beans to his students so that they would have more strength and energy for prayers. The infusion worked - and after that other people began to drink coffee in order to give themselves vigor. By the 17th century, coffee had spread to Asia, Europe, and America. It became an obligatory component of various ceremonies, a sign of hospitality (for example, among the Bedouins, when four sips of coffee were poured into a cup for a guest, which meant: “Drink and go away”). Coffee houses began to be built in the East and soon they became more popular than mosques! After that, coffee houses were banned in some places, but this did not turn people away from coffee: in Europe, coffee first appeared in Italy, then spread to England and other countries. Here they also sought to limit the number of coffee houses, for example, the English king Charles II called the coffee houses “schools of rebels” and ordered about 3,000 of them to be closed, but public opinion forced him to abandon his idea.

Now coffee is mainly grown in Latin America, and it is widely represented by the Java and Mocha varieties. The best coffee the Central African variety "Robusta" is recognized, which is frost-resistant and has a harsh taste. This type of coffee is usually used to make instant coffee. Liberian coffee varieties are grown mainly in Africa and are not imported abroad, so it is extremely difficult to find them in stores.

Arabian coffee is usually grown in the apartment, in rare cases - Liberian or Brazilian.

Coffee trees propagate in two ways: cuttings and seeds. Home grown coffee growers disagree over which propagation method is best, so you can leave that choice to yourself. One has only to know that the seeds of ordinary coffee bought in a store are not suitable for planting a coffee tree: the seeds lose their germination capacity very quickly during storage. In addition, a coffee tree grown from seed will bear fruit no earlier than 3-4 years after planting. If you decide to plant your coffee tree using cuttings, it will bear fruit earlier, though it will take longer to grow.

Where can I get cuttings or suitable seeds? The fact is that the cuttings need to be taken from the middle part of the crown of the coffee tree, which is already bearing fruit. And the seeds must be taken from freshly ripened fruits, from which the pulp has been removed - and it is better to plant the seeds immediately, without leaving them “for later”. Therefore, you need to take cuttings or seeds only from acquaintances who already have their own coffee tree - because you are unlikely to find the materials you need in an ordinary store for summer residents.

If you decide to plant a coffee tree using a cutting, you must comply with a number of conditions:

If you plant several cuttings side by side, their leaves should not cover each other;

It is necessary to cut the stalk obliquely with two pairs of leaves, and the lower segment of the branch remaining under the leaves must be scratched with a needle so that the stalk takes root faster;

To stimulate growth and rooting, before planting, dissolve a quarter of a tablet of heteroauxin in 0.5 liter of water and place the end of the cutting in this solution for 4 hours, then apply charcoal powder to the lower cut of the cutting;

It is better to plant the stalk in a mixture of sifted peat and perlite with the addition of a weak solution of potassium permanganate, you can also use ordinary soil containing high peat and organic (manure) and inorganic (mineral) fertilizers;

After planting the cutting, it must be watered with the same weak solution of potassium permanganate;

After planting the seedling, it is advisable to build a mini-greenhouse, since coffee trees love heat, after which it must be remembered to regularly ventilate and spray the cuttings themselves - in this case, the first bud will wake up in a month and a half;

The temperature at the roots must be maintained at 25-27 degrees;

A cutting should be transplanted no earlier than a new pair of leaves is formed;

If buds appear on rooted cuttings, you should not remove them - they will not slow down the development of the coffee tree itself.

If you decide to sow the seeds of a coffee tree, do not forget about the following important things:

For planting, you need to take well-ripened fruits with two seeds - then you will have a better chance that the coffee tree will actually grow;

Before planting, coffee seeds cleaned from pulp must be washed in a weak solution of potassium permanganate;

The soil in which you will plant the seeds must be prepared two weeks before planting: steam the soddy soil and mix it with sand and sifted high-moor peat (proportion 1:2:2);

After cleaning and washing with potassium permanganate, the seeds are laid flat side down on the prepared soil at a distance of about 3 cm from each other and pressed into the ground by about 1 cm;

After that, the seeds are watered with a weak solution of potassium permanganate and covered with a sheet of glass;

The pot with crops must be placed in a warm place with a constant temperature of about 20 degrees and watered in moderation - then shoots will appear in 1-1.5 months;

Crops must be ventilated daily, wiped and turned over the glass, and after the emergence of seedlings, ventilation should become even greater;

Seedlings can be transplanted after 2-3 pairs of leaves appear on them;

Seedlings need to be transplanted one at a time into different pots. small size, after which it is necessary to put them in the shade, and when the seedlings take root, put them in a bright place with a constant supply of fresh air;

The seedling becomes a tree gradually - first, brown spots appear on the green bark, then they increase and merge with each other, after which they brighten and the bark acquires its typical color;

The formation of the crown as such in coffee trees grown from seeds does not occur: at first they grow as a single table, and in the second year new branches grow from new buds, and it is advisable to cut too long side shoots - so that the crown is more magnificent.

As for the transplantation of coffee trees, young, not yet fruitful trees need to be transplanted annually, and those that are already bearing fruit - once every 3-4 years. And it is better to do it in the spring.

Before transplanting to the bottom of a new pot, it is necessary to lay drainage, carefully remove rotten roots from seedlings - and prepare the soil. In general, an already rooted coffee tree is not demanding in terms of soil composition, the only condition is a slightly acidic pH reaction (about 5-5.5). For transplanting Arabian coffee trees, the following soil is ideal: 40% - sod land, 30% - leaf land; 20% - river sand; 10% - riding peat.

Coffee tree care

The coffee tree is a rather unpretentious plant. All he needs is light, heat and moderate watering. In summer and autumn - that is, in the cool season - the coffee tree is recommended temperature conditions in the region of 16-22 degrees, frequent and plentiful watering in summer and moderate - in winter, since if watering is too plentiful, the roots can simply rot. Lighting is very important point For good growth Your coffee tree, so try to place the coffee pot in the lighted and sunny areas of the apartment. True, one detail must be taken into account - too much sun - this is not very good, especially for young seedlings, as this leads to yellowing and wrinkling of delicate leaves.

In order for your coffee tree to grow and develop, it must be in a bright, well-ventilated area with an average temperature of 20-25 degrees (the lowest limit is 16 degrees in winter). But despite the fact that the sucker temperature is too low for a coffee tree, it should also not be near heating appliances in winter - as they dry out the air, which can have a detrimental effect on your tree, because it loves a humid atmosphere very much!

As for top dressing, coffee trees are very fond of nitrogen and potassium salts (3 g of potassium salt and 5 g of ammonium nitrate per 1 liter of water). Top dressing is best done in late spring - throughout the summer - during a period of especially rapid growth. In addition, organic fertilizers can be added to this top dressing.

The dormant period as such in the coffee tree is practically not expressed - but, nevertheless, it occurs in winter and manifests itself in the need for moderate watering and keeping the tree in a bright place at a low (16-20 degrees) temperature.

Some features of growing coffee trees at home

Much can be learned about the needs of the coffee tree from the condition of the leaves of the coffee tree. For example, if he does not have enough moisture in the air, the leaves will surely begin to dry out. If the acidity of the soil in which the coffee tree grows is lowered, the leaves will lose their color. If a coffee tree feels an excess of sun, it, just like a person, gets a “sunburn”: the leaves turn yellow and brown spots appear on them. If you slightly overdid it with watering the tree, the leaves may begin to rot and fall off. If the water you water this plant with is very hard, brown spots will appear on the leaves and they may curl up. You can soften water with simple water softening tablets, which you can buy in the department household chemicals or in a grocery store. There is another remedy - just soak a small bag of peat in 3 liters of water.

The main pests for the coffee tree are scale insects, spider mite and a sooty fungus that appears on the leaves of a plant if it gets too cold (10-12 degrees). Sooty fungus can lead to the death of the coffee tree.

To make coffee from beans grown at home, you need to collect them, free them from the pulp and dry them for outdoors. After that, put them in a regular frying pan, fry until Brown, grind in a coffee grinder - and you can brew coffee (at the rate of 1 tablespoon of coffee per cup of boiling water)! You can simply pour boiling water over ground coffee and let it brew for about an hour.

By the way, coffee trees grown at home bear fruit quite a bit - you can hardly get more than 500g of grains. But, in the end, even this amount of home-grown coffee can be very valuable and will give you an unforgettable taste and aroma. A very pretty tree will be a good decoration for your apartment.

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Coffee plant at home: how to grow and properly care

Many people think, dreaming of growing a coffee plant at home, how to care for it correctly and avoid gross mistakes? Most people believe that it is almost impossible to grow this exotic tree on a windowsill. So they don't even try to do it. However, this opinion is erroneous. If you do everything right, coffee can be pleasing to the eye for many years in an ordinary pot for indoor plants.

Coffee is a capricious plant, but it is possible to grow it at home.

To understand how to care for a coffee tree in the house, you should first consider some of the features of this plant. Growing coffee at home is not that difficult. But still, each flower has its whims, which must be taken into account. And coffee has a little more of these whims than other domestic plants.

Growing from seeds and cuttings

Arabica coffee grows best at home. This variety is able to adapt to almost any type of soil. But the most interesting thing is that if you provide good conditions for growth, it will be possible to harvest a small crop of green coffee beans annually. So, it is quite possible to collect 0.5 kg of grains from one adult plant.

Coffee seeds have a very hard shell, so they do not always germinate.

But it is important to properly plant and grow coffee. First you need to decide: to sow seeds or plant a cutting of a coffee tree. Both of these methods are good at home. And to grow an adult healthy plant is quite within the power of even an inexperienced person in this matter.

It is very good if you can get at least a small cutting of a coffee tree somewhere. Then you don’t have to wait long for the first harvest: usually the plant bears fruit in a year, since the crown develops very quickly. It is important that there are already several leaves on the handle.

First, the branch is rooted in clean water. The amount of water in the container should be small so that the stalk does not rot. As soon as the first roots appear, you can plant coffee in the ground. It is better to start with a light nutrient substrate of peat and sand. Having compacted the stalk in the ground, it should be watered and covered plastic bottle leaving a hole for air. You need to spray it every day, and as soon as the root system fills the entire container, you need to transplant indoor coffee into a permanent pot.

It is quite interesting to grow a plant from a coffee bean. It is very important to purchase high-quality seeds with a high probability of germination. But there is one problem here: the fact is that the seed coat is so strong that not all sprouts are able to destroy it. And even pre-soaking the grains in hot water will not help.

If you plant cuttings of a coffee tree, they can begin to bear fruit in a year.

Experts recommend making a small incision on the grain and processing it. special tool, which dissolves the dense shell of seeds. You can buy it at flower shop. Grains are planted in the same substrate as for cuttings, watered from above with warm water and covered with glass.

You need to be patient, as you will most likely have to wait 4-6 months until shoots appear. At this time, you need to constantly moisten the soil, you can even sometimes use growth stimulants. But you need to carefully monitor that the earth is not waterlogged.

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Soil and lighting

How do you care for a coffee tree at home? Transplanting the plant to permanent place in a new pot, you should ensure good drainage from expanded clay in it. In this case, it is best to make the soil yourself from equal parts of leafy, soddy soil and sand. Regular top dressing will gradually increase the level of fertility of the substrate.

You need to feed the plant every 1-1.5 months, while it is recommended to use mineral fertilizers in liquid form. And every spring during the growing season, you need to pour a small amount of bone meal into the soil and additionally fertilize the substrate with preparations with high content potassium and phosphorus.

A capricious coffee tree in care requires very good lighting. At the same time, both in winter and in summer in approximately equal numbers. It is best to put the pot on the south window - there the plant will feel as comfortable as possible. In summer it is recommended to shade the flower with a thin layer of gauze, but in winter nothing should be done.

If there is a desire to get a coffee crop, then when turning the flower or moving it along the windowsill, experts advise covering the leaves with the same gauze. This will help him better adapt to the light. But if there is no need for a crop, you can not do this. Then the plant will more actively produce new branches with leaves. All this is explained by the fact that a homemade coffee tree reacts strongly to changes in the angle of incidence of light.

Growing coffee at home

To grow a coffee tree at home, we need: coffee beans that are not roasted or cuttings of a coffee tree.

Consider the seed method of coffee propagation. The main question is where to get coffee beans for growing at home, you can buy green non-roasted coffee beans in the store and try to grow a plant from coffee seeds, the probability of growth is very small. You can beg from friends who already have a fruiting plant, a couple of fruits of a coffee tree, ripe fruits of brown red coffee, peel the coffee from the peel and pulp, which is sweet in taste and has a tonic effect, the grain usually consists of two halves, each half is a full-fledged seed coffee tree that grows very quickly. You can buy coffee seeds in a flower shop, but rather than buying seeds, it is better to buy a ready-made germinated plant that is 3-4 months old. Now let's look at all the ways of growing coffee in more detail.

Coffee fruits from green to ripe and overripe

To the genus Coffee, or Coffee tree (Coffea), belongs to about 50 species of wild-growing in tropical Africa, Madagascar and the Mascarene Islands, evergreen or deciduous shrubs and small trees. How ornamental plant the coffee tree was originally cultivated in botanical gardens and greenhouses.

Coffee tree seeds generally lose their germination very quickly, and the fresher the seeds, the more likely it is to sprout. If you get dried green coffee beans in your hands, pour water into a plate and put the coffee beans there for a day, after 24 hours the root embryo should hatch on the beans, plant the coffee beans that have begun to germinate each in a separate pot. Of the hundreds of seeds that you remove from the plant, even after a couple of months, only a few will sprout. This should be paid attention to those who would like to have coffee at home.

Two weeks before sowing the seeds, a loose water- and breathable substrate is prepared: the soddy soil is steamed, mixed with sand and sifted peat in a ratio (1:2:2).

The cleaned coffee seeds are laid out in a pot filled with the substrate, flat side down at a distance of 3 cm from each other. After pressing the seeds into the soil to a depth of 1 cm, water the substrate with a pink solution of potassium permanganate and cover the crops with glass.

Do not forget to air the pots, wipe and turn the glass; when shoots appear, the ventilation time is gradually increased.

The first coffee sprouts will appear in two months, be patient.

Coffee at 4 months has an already formed primary leaf that will fall over time

Coffee is a very unpretentious and grateful plant. In the first year of life, the growth rate is modest - the average growth is 15-20 cm. But over time, the plant begins an independent abundant branching, without additional pruning.

The coffee tree at 9 months begins the primary formation of the crown, the crown is formed independently.

We must try to interfere as little as possible in the independent life of the plant. Pruning is required only as a last resort - when the bush becomes too large for the room that you are ready to give it.

Coffee trees developing from seedlings do not need to form a crown: at first they grow with one trunk, and in the second year, skeletal branches grow from the awakened lateral axillary buds of the trunk. Too long side shoots of coffee are cut off to ensure crown splendor and abundant flowering. The fruiting of coffee trees grown from seeds begins in 5-6 years, branches of coffee grow quite interestingly, about the same as that of a Christmas tree. They depart at right angles to the trunk. Therefore, the crown is spreading. It is because of this crown that difficulties often arise, because the plant must be placed closer to the light, it is very photophilous

An annual transplant is required in the first years of life, in a pot at least 5 cm larger in diameter. Otherwise, instead of blooming for the first time in 4 years, coffee will not bloom at all. Any soil is used - suitable for tub plants or shrubs, rich in nutrients, structured and not very loose.

Spraying coffee is not necessary, but it will not be superfluous. The coffee tree should be wiped from dust with a damp sponge and arrange coffee warm shower. The temperature regime is normal for indoor plants. Wintering at 16-18°C is recommended. But adult plants tolerate well lower temperatures, up to 10-12 ° C, but always in a very bright place and with rare watering.

Coffee is a very attractive shrub with a symmetrical crown and glossy dark green leaves. The light brown bark flakes off the trunk with age. So the surrounding earth is literally strewn with thin shavings.

In summer, coffee can be taken out into the street, putting it in the shade of a tree, if you put it in direct sunlight, the coffee will quickly die, in the summer the coffee tree loves shade on the street.

The coffee tree is 9 years old.

Young seedlings of the coffee tree need to be replanted every year. When the tree begins to bear fruit, replanting so often is no longer required, on average, once every three to four years. This should be done in the spring. Before transplanting the plant, provide drainage in a new vessel. Inspect the roots of the plant, remove rotten and diseased ones. Almost any soil composition is suitable, most importantly, with weak acidity. For example, this: turf land - 40%, leaf land - 30%, river sand - 20%, high-moor peat - 10%. Such soil is well suited for Arabica seedlings. Fertilizers can and should be used. Both ordinary manure and special mineralized compounds can be used as fertilizers. Horn shavings or bone meal (200 g per 10 kg of soil) are an ideal source of well-assimilated phosphorus.

outdoor coffee tree

The flowering of the coffee tree lasts from 2 to 10 days; the aroma of flowers is not as strong as that of citrus fruits.

Coffee beans have long been known as an invigorating agent. They contain caffeine - about 2%, organic acids, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, amino acids, minerals. In creating the taste and aroma of the drink, the main role is played by chlorogenic acid and ether-like compounds formed during the roasting of grains, and the physiological effect is determined by the alkaloid - caffeine.

You need to wait until the berries are fully ripe. They will become cherry in color, soft to the touch. Then, we proceed in the same way as coffee plantations: we collect the seeds, wash them, separate them from the pulp and films and dry them. Further options are possible: someone will try to distribute them or sow them himself. It is the natural instinct of the gardener to propagate what he has. Or you can roast and get grains from which a full-fledged drink is obtained.

Be sure to try your own coffee. From ripe berries, select grains and soak them in water for 12 hours (so they are cleared of mucus). Dry the grains for 7-10 days. Then hold in the oven for 2-3 hours at t 70-80 ° C. Without these procedures coffee beans won't get the right taste. Fry the seeds cooled after drying, stirring constantly, in a pan until light brown. Cool again and fry again until dark brown. Only after these procedures, coffee can be ground and a drink prepared.

Reproduction by cuttings

Plants obtained by cuttings can bloom immediately after rooting; they retain all the properties of the mother plant, the fruits are larger and more numerous. However, coffee trees from cuttings grow more slowly than from seeds; they require the formation of a crown (usually rounded).

1. To obtain cuttings, shoots of last year's growth from the middle part of the crown of a fruit-bearing coffee tree, apical branches are used.
2. The stalk is cut obliquely with two pairs of leaves; under bottom node a piece of branch about 2.5 cm long is left, which is scratched from below with a needle to stimulate root formation.
3. The bases of the cuttings are placed in a solution of heteroauxin (a quarter of a tablet per 0.5 liter of water) for approximately 4 hours; then dust the lower cut of the cutting with charcoal powder.
4. Cuttings are planted vertically in a mixture of sifted high-moor peat and perlite, spilled with a pale pink solution of potassium permanganate; the petioles of the lower leaves of the cuttings are half buried in the substrate, preventing neighboring cuttings from touching each other.
5. After planting the cuttings, the soil is again watered with a solution of potassium permanganate and a mini-greenhouse is built in a pot.
6. A pot with coffee cuttings is placed in a bright place protected from direct sun, supported high temperature substrate (optimally 25-27 degrees).
7. The greenhouse is regularly ventilated by spraying the cuttings; after about 40 days, their upper kidney awakens.
8. Transplantation of cuttings into individual pots with a diameter of 9-12 cm is carried out after the formation of a new pair of leaves in them. For rooted cuttings, a mixture of soddy land, peat and sand (4: 2: 1) is prepared with the addition wood ash. A shard is placed on the drainage hole of the pot with the convex side up, coarse-grained sand is poured into the bottom of the pot with a layer of 1-1.5 cm. bright place without direct sun.
9. If buds appear on rooted cuttings, they do not need to be removed: the fruits will be full-fledged and will not slow down the development of plants.

The soil for cuttings can be taken different. It is important to observe two basic requirements for its structure. The mixture should retain moisture well and be breathable, as it is necessary constant inflow air to rooting sites. The best results, as experience shows, gives a mixture of perlite ( construction material) and peat (1:1), where peat is a component that retains moisture. It is best to take swamp peat from sphagnum moss, and before preparing the mixture, it must be sifted through a fine sieve. For improved air supply during rooting, add perlite (perlite expanded sand). It has an absolutely neutral environment, so it does not require pre-disinfection. Before planting the cuttings, both prepared components are thoroughly mixed, then the vessel in which the cuttings will take root is filled with this mixture. It is not necessary to compact the mixture strongly. The mixture is well shed with the prepared aqueous solution of potassium permanganate (pale pink color). This is how the peat, which is part of the mixture, is disinfected, and at the same time it stimulates a better survival rate of the cuttings.

The coffee tree does not have a pronounced dormant period, therefore, in order for the plant all year round grew, bloomed and bore fruit, it must be constantly fed every 10 days: on the 1st, 10th and 20th, giving, respectively, 5 g of nitrogen, 7 g of phosphorus, 1 g of potassium and 7 g of trace elements per 1 liter of water. As a nitrogen fertilizer, we use chicken manure, which we dilute in water and keep until it is completely fermented. When there is no pungent odor and no gas bubbles are released (which means that all organic matter has decomposed), the solution is ready for use. We dilute it three times with water. It should be remembered that chicken manure is the most powerful nitrogen-organic fertilizer, and it must be used carefully.

In a greenhouse, coffee tree plants are from 1 to 5 years old. Cultivation of coffee in greenhouses is promising. So, in GNBS, from each coffee tree growing in a greenhouse, in the third year, 100-150 g of dry seed mass is obtained. The plant also bears fruit indoors.

The cuttings are planted in a strictly vertical position to a depth of 2 - 2.5 cm. The prepared cutting is taken with two fingers and carefully inserted into the substrate so that the petioles of the two lower leaves are sunk into the ground. It has been noticed that at the place where the leaves of the coffee tree are connected to the bearing branch, roots are often formed. Therefore, with such a planting of cuttings, they take root by almost 100%.

After planting the cuttings, for their better fixation in the substrate, it is recommended to shed it again with a solution of potassium permanganate. A prerequisite for rooting is a moist environment around the ground part of the cuttings. It is formed when the vessel in which rooting takes place is covered plastic bag. But it should not be tightly closed, there should be little air access. To do this, a small hole is cut in the bag and the cuttings are sprayed through it during the rooting period, completely moistening the leaf plates. Planted cuttings are placed in diffused light. Direct sunlight is best avoided. The temperature of the substrate is ideally maintained at +25-27 °C. The higher the temperature of the substrate, the faster the cuttings take root. So, for example, at a temperature of +21-23 ° C, the cuttings rooted from February 23 to April 10, and at a temperature of +25 ° C - from April 1 to May 5. However, temperatures above +32 ° C already have a negative effect on root formation.

The first sign of rooting of the cuttings is the awakening of the upper growth bud. However, having noticed this, do not rush to transplant the plant. Wait for a new pair of leaves to form on top. And then, having dug up the rooted cuttings, you will see the resulting root system. It can be fibrous or elongated with 2-3 taproots.

Small particles of peat and perlite adhering to the roots are recommended to be shaken off a little, but not washed off under running water, otherwise the seedling will hurt for a long time before it starts growing again. An earthen mixture for planting rooted cuttings is prepared in the following composition: turf, peat and sand (river) in a ratio of 4:2:1. You can add some wood ash here. A pot for planting is taken with an upper diameter of 12 cm. A shard is placed on the bottom with the convex side up and drainage is poured from coarse-grained sand 1 cm thick.
As a phosphorus top dressing, we take a solution of superphosphate. Pour superphosphate granules into the settled water and stir, heating the solution (for better dissolution) to a temperature of 50 °.

A good potash fertilizer can be obtained from the ash extract. To do this, straw ash (contains up to 46% potassium) must be mixed in lukewarm water. After a daily settling, the potassium solution is ready for use. The coffee tree, like any plant, also needs other elements (calcium, boron, manganese, iron, etc.).

Many believe that since the coffee tree comes from the tropics, it needs the scorching rays of the sun all year round. Actually this is not true. Even at home, on plantations, four shade plants of a different species are planted around one coffee tree. In our geographic area, coffee should be kept indoors with windows facing south or southeast. Any sun that looks into them in the summer will not adversely affect the development of the plant. It is more difficult to provide sufficient illumination on cloudy and dark days, in autumn and winter. To do this, we highlight the plants from November 1 to March 1 with a fluorescent lamp.

Pests and diseases of the coffee tree

Many lovers complain - leaves turn brown. This is typical for room content with low air humidity in the autumn-winter period. However, this is not a disease. And if the plant is placed in a wide shallow pan with water, a more favorable microclimate will be created.

Sunburn on the leaves from the bright sun of lack of moisture in the air.

Watering

One of the most important aspects of coffee tree care is watering. If the roots are exposed to standing water, the leaves turn brown and fall off. All water should drain from the roots after watering.

Watering. Regular, abundant in summer. Water should be soft, separated, without lime, warm (several degrees above room temperature). It is necessary to maintain a weak acidity of the soil. To do this, once a month, 2-3 drops of acetic acid or a few crystals of citric acid are added to settled water.

Regular spraying will not hurt him either. Once a week (with the exception of the flowering period), a warm shower can be arranged for the tree.

Over watering often results in root rot, crusty growths appear on the leaves of many plants, corky spots (it can even completely cork the surface of the leaf). In addition to excess water during irrigation, the cause of the appearance of such spots can be a sharp change in temperature, a sharp fluctuation in moisture in the substrate (if then a strong overdrying of the soil immediately water it abundantly), minus light. With the correction of care errors, the formation of cork spots on the leaves stops. If excessive watering is the most likely cause of coffee leaf spots (after all, coffee requires moderate watering in winter), water the substrate once or twice with a suspension of foundationazole (1-2 g per liter of water) - this will help a plant that has fallen into unfavorable conditions.

To restore the immunity of the plant, it is not forbidden to carry out a cycle of spraying the leaves of the coffee tree warm water with the addition of "Epin" according to the instructions on the package.

top dressing

In spring and summer, they are fed regularly (once every 7-10 days), alternating water infusion of mullein (1:10) with a full range of mineral fertilizers. In the spring, you can increase the dose of nitrogen fertilizers, during fruit ripening - phosphorus, in the fall - potassium.

The main pests are scale insects, spider mites, from diseases - sooty fungus. If in winter in the room where the coffee tree is installed, the temperature is in the range of 10 - 12 C, then a black border will first appear on the leaves, and why the whole plant will begin to die.

• If the soil is not too acidic, the leaves may discolor.
• The tips of the leaves dry up with a lack of moisture in the air.
• The leaves turn yellow, brown spots of dead tissue appear on them in case of a sunburn.
• With excessive watering, the leaves rot and fall off.
• When watering with hard water, the tips of the leaves curl up a little and brown spots appear on them. To prevent this from happening, the water is softened using special tablets, or a bag of peat is kept in 3 liters of water.

Uneven ripening of coffee fruits, usually at room conditions

How to make coffee fruit?
Plants bear fruit only when year-round care which include weeding and regularly treating trees with fungicides and insecticides to protect them from pests and diseases such as bean borer or coffee rust. A young plant begins to bear fruit in at least two years.

The collected coffee fruits should be dried a little and cleaned of pulp. harvested seeds dry and make coffee.

Coffee Recipes

Roasting coffee at home

You got green unroasted coffee beans, you can make great coffee according to your taste with the necessary caffeine content.
As you know, the taste of coffee is not least affected by how the coffee beans were roasted. Properly roasting coffee is a special art. This experience does not come immediately. But you can learn how to roast.

Roasting coffee is such an important process that today the coffee maker is not the one who grew and harvested it, but the one who roasted and packaged it. In Italy, there is even a special Institute in which they study various methods coffee roasting. The scientific name for this process is pyrolysis. As a result of complex chemical transformations, the taste of grains is enhanced and improved. Scientists have found that coffee contains up to 2000 different oils, aromatic and chemical compounds. When roasted, they are activated, which subsequently gives the coffee its unique bouquet. Before taking on the pan, select the best grains. Please note that when roasting, the beans will evaporate moisture, so the mass of roasted coffee will differ significantly from raw beans. Different cultures have different degrees of coffee roasting.

Arabica varieties are traditionally lightly roasted. This method allows you to save subtle shades of taste and aroma.

The medium degree of roasting gives the beans more dark color. At the same time, oil is actively released, which gives the roasted coffee a characteristic bitter aftertaste.

The so-called dark roast is the most intense. This coffee is bittersweet than others. Its taste is tart and strongly pronounced. Moreover, the higher the roasting temperature, the more expressive the taste. Some varieties become slightly sweet when dark roasted. But here it is important to observe the allotted time. If the beans are overcooked, the sweet flavor will be lost.

In addition to those listed, there are other ways of roasting. As a rule, they are called by the name of the locality or city where they are used. For example, Scandinavian (low roast), Viennese (aromas are revealed fully and butter comes out) and Continental (also known as double, the grains turn the color of dark chocolate). In the East, they often try to give the beans an exotic flavor. To do this, when roasting, spices and spices are added to coffee. Here are a few more useful tips. When the beans are removed from the heat, try to cool them down as quickly as possible. Grind immediately afterwards. In order for coffee to acquire sugar content, you need to wait at least twelve hours for the gases that are released during heating to evaporate from it. Roasted beans should be shiny. If they are dull, then the heat treatment time was insufficient.

What to roast coffee in. For this, there are special roasters. Before you pour the grains into the roaster, try to warm it evenly. However, in the absence of a roaster, coffee can also be fried in a pan. Most importantly, do not use the oven to fry the grains. Firstly, the grains in this case will be fried unevenly. Secondly, you will not have the opportunity to mix and turn them. First automatic devices for roasting coffee appeared in the seventies. The heat treatment time in them could be maintained with an accuracy of up to seconds. The difference with roasters was that the beans were not heated directly, but were exposed to hot air. However, gourmets say that the taste of coffee prepared in this way is not at all the same as if the beans are roasted in the traditional way.

We store and prepare coffee according to the rules

1. An unopened coffee bag must be kept in the freezer.

2. Coffee should always be kept dry (to make coffee, do not pour it with a wet spoon and store it in places that are easily accessible to water.) The place where you store open coffee should be well ventilated, protected from moisture and light.

3. If the taste of coffee has changed, then check the condition of the coffee pot, water filter. Also check the freshness of milk or cream.

4. Spoons are different. If you have in your dinner set not only teaspoons, but also

dessert, you should be careful with which spoon you take coffee. Agree, a drink made from a small teaspoon differs in strength from coffee prepared according to the same recipe, but taken in the volume of a dessert spoon.

5. When making coffee "bots" do not forget that sugar is added after the ground coffee is poured with boiling water.

6. If you are serving classic coffee, then according to the rules of good manners, a jug of milk should be served with it. So that each of your guests can add it at will.

7. Milk, before serving or adding to coffee, should be heated. Otherwise, you can spoil the taste by cooling the drink.

8. If you are a connoisseur of the taste of the drink, do not add a lot of sugar to your coffee. The optimal dose is a teaspoon

Mexican volcanoes. light cakes

This dish is quite laborious to prepare, but its extraordinary taste will serve as a reward for your efforts..
15 servings:
3 tablespoons skimmed condensed milk
0.5 chocolate bars
1 pack of chocolate cake mix
2 tablespoons instant coffee
1 teaspoon ground cinnamon
1/8 teaspoon red pepper
1 glass of water
1 egg
3 egg whites
3/4 cup sugar
15 Brazil nuts or walnut halves
3/4 cup powdered sugar
1.5 tablespoons cocoa powder
0.5 sachet of vanilla sugar
3-4 tablespoons skimmed milk

1. Pour chocolate with condensed milk and melt over a fire. Cool, then refrigerate for 30 minutes. In a large bowl, combine chocolate cake mix with instant coffee, cinnamon, and red pepper. Add water and egg and stir.
2. For meringue, in a separate bowl, beat the whites into a stiff foam and, without ceasing to stir, pour in the sugar.
3. Prepare the frosting: Combine the powdered sugar, cocoa powder, vanilla sugar and milk in a bowl. Cool and coat the nuts with it to make balls.
4. Preheat the oven to 180 degrees. Grease 15 cupcake liners vegetable oil. Fill them 2/3 full with chocolate batter. Top with 1 tablespoon of beaten egg whites and spread evenly. Place a chocolate covered walnut in the center of each mold. Bake the cakes in the oven for 25-30 minutes.
5. After cooling, carefully remove them from the molds and pour chocolate icing on top

Iced coffee cream

This refreshing dessert is served in summer in Italian cafes and bars.
You will need for 6-8 servings:
250 ml very strong espresso
250 ml milk
250 g cream 33% fat
1 vanilla pod
4 yolks
8 art. l. sugar coffee beans for decoration
Cooking time: 45 min. (+ 3-4 hours for freezing)
Calories: 330 kcal

1. In freshly prepared espresso, dissolve 4 tbsp. l. sugar, chill. Heat milk in a small saucepan. Open the vanilla pod, take out the contents and put together with the pod in milk. Do not boil!
2. Put a bowl with round walls in a warm water bath. Put in a bowl the yolks and 4 tbsp. l. sugar, beat with a whisk until foamy.
3. Remove the vanilla pod from the milk. In the egg foam, first add cold coffee, then milk and mix well. Remove the foamy cream from the stove, put in a cold water bath and cool.
4. Whip the cream into a stiff foam. 3/4 whipped cream mixed with coffee cream. Cover the remaining cream and refrigerate to further decorate the dessert. Put coffee cream in a metal bowl, cover and put in the freezer for 3-4 hours. 5. 20 min. Before serving, take the coffee cream out of the freezer and place it in tall glasses. Put the whipped cream into a pastry syringe and decorate the coffee cream. Place a few coffee beans on top.
Tip: Vanilla pods are quite expensive and can be substituted with ground vanilla. Use natural vanilla (black dot powder), not artificial vanilla. It will detract from the taste of this dish.

Cold coffee with milk

To prepare one serving of the drink, you need a glass of very cold milk, 2 tablespoons of coffee syrup and 2 tablespoons of ice cream.
All this is mixed, poured into a mixer and whipped. The drink is poured into glasses, if desired, ice is added.
Coffee syrup can be replaced with instant or just strong coffee.
The necessary proportions are easy to establish yourself. For example: 3/4 cup of milk, 2 teaspoons of sugar, 60g of ice cream and 1/2 cup of strong coffee are beaten in a mixer.

O-Lei or Milk Festival

1 cup of hot coffee
8 oz milk
1 oz vanilla syrup or extract 1/8 teaspoon cinnamon
1/8 teaspoon sugar
1/8 teaspoon allspice
1/8 teaspoon cloves

At the bottom of the mug, mix spices and vanilla.
Half fill the mug with hot coffee, then add warm milk.
Designed for 1-2 servings.

Coffee Marianna

5 grains of natural Brazilian coffee
3-4 tablespoons of chocolate fudge
3 tablespoons heavy cream

Grind coffee and brew it in a coffee maker.
Whip cream with chocolate fudge and drop a teaspoon to the bottom of the cup.
Pour coffee.

Spiced coffee

At the bottom of a shallow enamel pan put the chopped zest of one lemon and one orange.
Add 4-5 cloves, cinnamon, 20 pieces of refined sugar.
The mixture is put on fire and poured with hot black coffee (1 l).
After 3-4 minutes, filter through a sieve into cups (yield - 10 servings)

"Love potion"

Sophia Loren says that there is no better love potion than ... ordinary coffee, brewed with one's own hand. When a man tries it, he will not go anywhere.
In order to prepare 2 cups of such an amazing drink, you will need:
- 2 teaspoons ground coffee
- 1-2 cardamom fruits
- 1 bud of dry cloves
- cinnamon and sugar

Heat water in a cezve until the first bubbles appear on the walls.
At this point, reduce the heat to a minimum, pour in the coffee, stir gently, split the cardamom pods and throw the grains into the coffee.
Throw in cloves, cinnamon on the tip of a knife and, if you like, sugar.
Wait five minutes for the foam to slowly rise, but do not let the coffee boil.
To do this, periodically raise the cezve even over low heat so that the bottom cools down a little.
As soon as the coffee starts to rise, take it off the heat and let it steep for a couple of minutes.

If you have a desire to start a coffee tree at home, it is recommended to pay attention to important aspects in care and maintenance. A plant from hot Africa is unpretentious, does not require special attention and when properly handled, it bears fruit for 2-3 years. How to ensure optimal conditions, To obtain quick result? What subtleties should be taken into account? Read, learn, implement!

Types of coffee tree, and which ones can be grown at home

The place of origin of all coffee plants is Ethiopia. For home growing only a few types of woody arabica are suitable:

• Liberian coffee. The size and type of the crown can be formed by pruning. The size of wavy leathery leaves reaches 40 cm. The inflorescences are large, light. The fruits are juicy, large, from light orange to bright scarlet;
• Dwarf coffee Nana. Without pruning, the tree can reach a height of 90 cm. The indoor coffee plant tolerates pruning and pinching the tops well. Blooms profusely and bears fruit;
• Arabian coffee. The most popular type of homemade coffee tree in our latitudes. The leaves are dense, leathery, elongated oval in shape with a wavy edge. Inflorescences - large bunches of white flowers, when pollinated, they turn into greenish-olive berries, which turn red over time. Seeds can be collected when the fruit is completely dark and shriveled.

How to plant a coffee tree

A coffee tree of any variety has a deep taproot, which should be considered when choosing a flowerpot. The preferred pot size is from 40 cm deep.

The most suitable type of soil for a coffee tree consists of:

• 1 part sod, 2 parts crushed peat and 2 parts river sand;
• Humus, sand and turf from the leaves are mixed in equal proportions. To achieve the required level of acidity, two parts of peat are added.

The bottom of the pot must be lined with drainage, because the plant is sensitive to high moisture content. Pieces of sphagnum moss will be a good addition.

How to choose the right seedling

• The leaves are dense, shiny, without external damage and spots. Grow in large numbers on branches;
• The trunk is elastic, solid, with an optimal ratio of height and thickness;
• In the presence of inflorescences or fruits, it is necessary to inspect for the absence of diseases.

The seedling is quite sensitive to low temperatures. In the cold season, it must be wrapped before transportation.

It is necessary to first determine the type of plant. C.arabica is more suitable for decorative purposes; nana blooms and bears fruit more abundantly, the bush is more compact.

Growing from cuttings

Growing a coffee tree at home is not a problem. The most suitable method for this is propagation by cuttings. The cut part is most suitable for a soil mixture based on marsh-acid crumb, perlite and peat. It is recommended that the mixture be disinfected with a solution of manganese beforehand.

In order to choose the best petiole, you must:

• On a healthy adult tree, choose a strong branch with four pairs of leaves from the middle of the plant. The branch of the second year of growth is considered the best;
• The cutting is cut at a 45° angle with a very sharp knife just behind the first pair of leaves;
• The bark in the lower part is slightly incised along to stimulate root formation;
• If desired, you can feed the cutting before planting with a stimulant;
• The seedling is deepened into the ground by 2-3 cm and covered with a film.

Optimal growing conditions, diffused light and constant spraying guarantee 100% rooting.

The most important advantage of this method is fruiting in the first year of planting.

Growing from seed

A coffee tree from seeds will begin to bear fruit 1-2 years later than cuttings. But this method will give the grower more pleasure and bring great experience. How to plant an exotic plant:

• Deepen the seed into the previously prepared soil by 3-4 cm. The distance between the seeds is 5-7 cm. The seed will germinate faster if it is soaked in a growth stimulator before planting;
• Make abundant watering and wrap with a film or cover with glass a flowerpot;
• Every two weeks the film is removed for ventilation and removal of condensate. Produce watering. The first shoots appear a month after planting;
• When two true leaves appear, the sprout is stopped and planted in a permanent place.

Attention! During planting, it is necessary to scarify the seed, which will significantly speed up its germination. To do this, its shell is slightly damaged by lightly pressing with pliers.

How to grow a coffee tree at home - care rules

Regular care of a coffee tree at home is quite simple. With proper provision, exotic will delight the owner with a beautiful appearance all year round.

Where to put the plant

The preferred location is a window sill, with access to the south side. Location on the north side will significantly slow down the growth of the plant and reduce its ability to reproduce.

Attention! The coffee tree categorically does not tolerate turning the pot. Such actions can provoke shedding of leaves, inflorescences and fruits.

You can not put a flower in the immediate vicinity of the battery, this will lead to shedding.

Transplant and pruning

To properly transplant a tree at home, you need:

• Do an annual change of soil when the plant reaches 3 years of age. Further - 2-3 times a year;
• In the absence of a transplant, replace the top layer of soil.

The coffee tree can be pruned to form an attractive, well-shaped crown.

At the age of 8-9, a tree tends to lose its decorative effect. The crown thins, the leaves lose their appearance and shape. Periodic pruning between transplants will prolong the life of the plant and strengthen it.

Lighting and temperature

The tree prefers diffused soft light. When located on the south side, it is worth sticking a newspaper on the window to avoid burning the leaves from direct sunlight. After the formation of the ovary, it is better to lightly shade the plant. IN winter time years, you can increase the daylight hours with additional lamps.

The optimal temperature for a coffee tree with proper care:

• in summer +23 - +25°;
• in winter +18 - +20 °.

Avoid lowering the temperature in the room below +15°.

Watering and humidity

The water regime when growing a coffee tree should be approached with particular care, because. The plant is very demanding on moisture. It is necessary to draw up a watering schedule in accordance with periods of vegetative activity:

1. The dormant period is from October to March. The tree is not moistened or fed. Such measures are necessary in order for the plant to gain strength before flowering and fruiting. It is impossible to allow the top layer of soil to dry out, so it is constantly sprayed.
2. The period of activity is from March to September. The plant is plentifully watered and sprayed daily. A large number of excess moisture in the container-stand will lead to the necrosis of the root system, so the water must be drained.

top dressing

Regular application of fertilizers increases the fruiting period and the number of inflorescences. The optimal feeding time for the plant is the spring-autumn season. It can be fed with both organic and mineral fertilizers. So, it is recommended to enter in the period:

• Vegetative activity - nitrogen;
• Blossoming - multimineral complex;
• Ovary formation - phosphorus.
• Before winter dormancy - potassium.

reproduction

At the end of the life cycle of a tree (8-9 years), it is recommended to separate the strongest parts of the plant and propagate by cuttings. New flowers will retain all the properties of the mother plant and will delight the owner for many years.

You can not propagate, but rejuvenate the plant by complete cleaning to the trunk. This method is preferable for use by experienced flower growers.

Growing problems

Among the problems when growing a coffee tree, one can encounter such a nuisance as diseases. For example, coffee rust. main reason - improper care, untimely removal of dead parts, violation of the water regime.

Attention! After acquiring new houseplants of any kind, a quarantine period must be observed to avoid contamination of the home greenhouse. To do this, keep the newly brought flower in a separate room for at least two weeks, with constant monitoring for the presence of diseases.

The leaves turn black

If the leaves of the coffee tree turn black, the likely cause of such an ailment is non-compliance temperature regime. The black edging on the sheet indicates the freezing of an earthen coma and the presence of drafts at the location of the flowerpot. The way to fix the problem is simple - choose a good place for the flower.

Another reason is soot fungus. It is necessary to remove the affected leaves from the branches and spray with fungicides.

Leaves dry

Do coffee tree leaves dry? The main reason is the low humidity in the room. When growing exotic plants from tropical countries, it is recommended to install a household humidifier. Or spray daily.

Brown spots on leaves

If brown spots appear on the leaves, it is worth washing the leaves soapy water. This will help destroy possible pests- fungi. They also carry out a sanitary cleaning of the plant from the affected leaves and spray it with an antifungal drug.

Leaves turn yellow

With yellowing of the leaves, simultaneous yellowing of the tree trunk is observed due to bacterial damage. Control measures - stripping the bark and treatment with a drug against bacteria.

Why doesn't the coffee tree bloom?

The coffee tree does not bloom only because of non-compliance with the water or temperature regime, excessive acidity of the soil, and lack of top dressing.

The coffee tree is growing fast enough. With proper care, the first flowers appear 3 years after planting the seeds, 2 after cuttings.

When to expect the harvest

The first period of fruit harvesting from a coffee tree depends on the way it is planted. Flowers grown from seeds bear fruit 3-5 years after planting. Propagation by cuttings gives the desired result for 2-3 years after planting.

It is clear that caring for a coffee tree is simple, but fascinating process. The main reward for the grower will be fragrant inflorescences and exotic fruits. And a cup of coffee from our own plantation will surprise any guest!