Stomp in a good way: laying paving slabs in the courtyard of a private house with photo examples. Options for laying paving slabs Design options for paving slabs for a private house

High-quality laying of paving slabs in the country largely determines not only the appearance of the entire yard, but also the durability of paved paths and areas around a private house. Figured paving element (FEM) is the most popular material for arranging the territory of recreation areas and paths leading to them. In order to pave the canvas beautifully and correctly, you need to know some mandatory requirements. Using them, you can do the work with your own hands, bringing to life the conceived solutions.

Today it is difficult to imagine a house or country cottage area without garden paths laid out sidewalk paving stones. Most recently, the adjoining territories were rolled into asphalt. With the advent of tiles, the situation has changed dramatically. The technology for obtaining FEM by pressing made it possible to create a laying material that is widely used today.

Paths made of paving slabs have a number of advantages over concrete or asphalt counterparts:

1. Environmentally friendly. In the production of tiles, components containing carcinogens are not used, therefore, when heated, they do not emit dangerous substances.
2. Long service life. Greater wear resistance is provided by manufacturing technology.
3. Ease of installation, repair and maintenance. Damaged fragments of the track can be easily replaced with whole ones, and in case of dismantling to repair communications, the coating can be reused. Thanks to the simple laying technology, it is possible to do the work yourself.
4. Weather resistance. Withstands over 200 full temperature cycles. Can be used in any region of the country.
5. A wide range and colors. It is possible to choose material of various sizes, shapes, thicknesses and colors, which allows you to implement the intended design solutions.

A significant disadvantage is the high cost of quality material. However, paving stones are easier to maintain and install than other types of flooring. A yard made of paving slabs looks more attractive than an asphalt one. The service life is at least 15 years, and when using material with the addition of granite chips - more than 25 years.

Step-by-step laying plan in the country

Prior to the start of work on paving the site, the installation of communications must be completed. The width of the track is selected based on the dimensions of the material. The base for the canvas is equipped with the necessary slope, which is 1 cm per 1 m of coverage. The technology of laying paving slabs in the courtyard of a private house involves the sequential implementation of several stages:

• selection of materials and calculation of their quantity;
• marking of paths and platforms on the ground;
• ground preparation;
• laying paving stones and curbstones;
• backfilling of seams, completion of works.

For paving garden paths, both vibrocast and pressed tiles are suitable. If a car is supposed to be parked on the site, then pressed paving stones are preferred, because. it withstands heavy loads. The thickness of the FEM on footpaths is up to 4-6 cm, and in parking lots - 6-9 cm.

The calculation of the need for tiles should be carried out at the stage of preparation of work. It includes expenses for contingencies. This can be a battle, a large waste when cutting a stone, etc. To compensate for these losses, material is purchased 3-5% more than necessary. If it is planned to lay colored paving stones, then additional FEMs of all colors are purchased. The stones remaining after installation will be used to repair the canvas.

Preparing Instruments and Selecting Consumables

To lay paving slabs in the yard, you will need sand, crushed stone, cement and curbs. The amount of consumables will depend on the length of the tracks and the depth of the trench. For 10 m² of the track, you will need 0.8-1.0 m³ of crushed stone, 0.7-0.8 m³ of sand and 180-200 kg of cement.

To carry out the work you will need:

1. tape measure, level, fishing line;
2. rubber mallet;
3. grinder with a diamond cutting wheel;
4. surface vibrator or hand rammer;
5. Master OK;
6. rule;
7. lighthouses.

As the latter, you can use segments of water or profile pipes, corners, wooden slats.

Choosing a scheme for laying in the courtyard of a private house

The tile laying pattern depends on the shape, size and color of the material. Using a rectangular stone, you can get a large number of options for arranging paths. Among them, the most used tile laying patterns are:

• geometric;
• chaotic;
• artistic.

In the first option, by choosing colors, you can create a unique pattern of a garden path. Most often, the laying of road tiles on curved sections is carried out using paving techniques such as "run-up" and "herringbone". A more costly option is pruning. Here, each stone adjacent to the curb is cut to right size.

The chaotic laying of the scheme as such does not have. It involves laying out the material in an artistic mess. With a single-color stone, material of different sizes is used, and if the tile is multi-colored, then dilution is made with color.

Artistic schemes are aimed at laying out a drawing, the complexity of which depends on the skill or perseverance of the master.

Planning and marking work

At this stage, the marking of the shape and size of the tracks on the ground is carried out. To do this, pegs are installed and a thread or fishing line is pulled between them, which completely repeats the shape of the paths or the platform.

Carefully carried out marking will allow you to properly lay the tiles in the country.

Bedding preparation

For laying a garden path, it is necessary to properly prepare the base. The scope of these works will depend on the type of soil on the site. The entire width of the planned track or site is removed upper layer earth to a depth of about 40 cm. Then the surface of the trench is compacted with a manual rammer. In order to prevent the tiles from moving around, the curbs are mounted on cement mortar.

A sand cushion 10-15 cm thick is arranged along the bottom of the trench. It is better to use river or washed sand, because. it does not contain clay. Crushed stone with a fraction of 5-20 mm is laid on top and rammed with a surface vibrator. The layer thickness should be at least 15 cm, and if the soil is soft, then more. Sand is laid on top of the rubble, leveled and spilled with water. After that, you can start laying tiles.

Border

It outlines the contours of the track or platform and protects the canvas from spreading. The installation of the curb can be with a visible edge, flush with the tile, or FEM can be laid without it. In this case, a retaining (limiting) rail is mounted, which fixes the stone and prevents it from slipping.

If the canvas is laid with a protruding border, then it is installed with a bevel towards the path, and if flush, then away from it. When arranging the path around the house, the frame is made only from the outside, while the tiles are laid 5 mm above the edge of the stone.

Installation

To lay tiles well in the country with your own hands, you need to know a few simple rules:

1. Start laying the stone from the lower level upwards.
2. Installation is carried out from oneself, i.e. the worker is on the laid canvas.
3. With circular laying, work is carried out from the center.
4. The layout starts from the place where the eye falls first.
5. Installation of tiles is best done with a shift (diagonally). This makes mistakes less visible.

Laying the first row is carried out along a cord stretched across the level across the track. During work, the horizontal installation is checked after 3-4 rows. Installed material settling down with light blows of a rubber mallet. Lay the tiles right next to each other. The resulting gap of 1-2 mm will be sufficient for water drainage.

Final stage

At this stage, the gaps between the tiles are backfilled. Depending on the type of base (drained or non-drained), the joints are filled with either dry screened sand or sand-cement backfill. Such a mixture can be made independently or purchased in the distribution network.

The seams are filled with sand using a broom or a rubber scraper in several stages. After the first backfilling of the gaps, the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe track is spilled with water from a hose with a sprayer. After the sand settles and the tile dries, the process is repeated.

Care of garden paths consists in the timely repair of damaged elements, the removal of sprouted grass and adding sand to the seams. Periodically, the roadbed is washed with a jet of water to remove adhering debris. Do not use metal tools to remove snow, so as not to damage the coating.

There are various options for arranging the yard in a private house. Some provide the aesthetics of the territory of the house, others make it functional. The most popular way to decorate the yard is to use paving slabs. This solution is practical and at the same time quite nice.

If you decide to decorate the courtyard of your house by creating a coating from this material, then this is a completely reasonable decision. However, if this is your first time facing such a challenge, then you will probably have a question about how to lay paving slabs correctly. In order not to be mistaken with this, you need to familiarize yourself with general principles this case. This will be discussed in this article.

Material Advantages

Today, paving slabs are the most common material for paving sidewalks and laying out garden paths, as well as areas near private and country houses. Such popularity of this material is mainly due to the benefits it has. The main ones include the following:

• ease of installation. If you use paving slabs to decorate your yard, then you can do all the work on your own, without involving specialists;
• this material is distinguished by a variety of shapes, colors and structures. A person who purchases this material for the first time is faced with the problem of choice, since the range of paving slabs is quite large. However, this has a certain plus, since it is possible to implement any design solution with the help of this material, to find an option that will be in perfect harmony with the features of the site. At the same time, the owner gets the opportunity to create a unique design that will be practical and at the same time pleasing to the eye;
• moisture protection. Even with heavy rainfall, puddles do not form on paving slabs. Water flows gently without changing appearance coatings;
• durability. The coating of this material is able to withstand heavy loads for decades, while maintaining its performance characteristics;
• ease of repair work. If damage occurs in the process of using paving slabs in a separate area, then the owner will not have to change most of it. All that needs to be done is to replace the damaged elements. This work, even for a beginner, will not be a great difficulty;
• environmental friendliness. Under influence high temperatures the asphalt starts to bleed harmful substances that adversely affect human health. However, this does not apply to paving slabs, which, regardless of the temperature acting on it, continue to be an environmentally friendly material.

Flaws

However, paving slabs cannot be called an absolutely ideal material, since for it have certain shortcomings. True, we note that they are insignificant.

Before making a choice in favor of a tile, you need to familiarize yourself with all its advantages and disadvantages, and after that, carefully weighing everything, make a final decision.

Preparing for styling

There are a number of steps that must be completed before actually laying the tiles. One of them - territory preparation for the subsequent creation of a covering from paving slabs. It involves the implementation of certain activities.

Before starting laying the material, it is necessary to remove the turf from the area where the coating will be created to a depth of 15 cm. Then the cleared space should be cleaned. Seeds and plant roots should be removed.

If clay soils predominate at the site of laying the coating, then in this case it is mandatory to install a drainage system. It is necessary to make a slight slope, due to which water will drain from the coating.

After that it is necessary perform a competent ramming using hand tools. For example, you can use an ordinary log, which will do an excellent job with this task.

Then it is necessary to prepare a concrete pad on which curbs or stones will be installed. When the pillow is created, the prepared stones are laid out, which will indicate the boundaries of the coating.

Base for paving slabs

When the surface for laying paving slabs is prepared, you can lay out the material in the yard. And then you need to start preparing the foundation, on which then it will be material is laid out.

Laying tiles

Laying tiles is a rather difficult moment, especially for a beginner. Many people are interested in the question of how to properly lay this material. First you need solve the drawing problem which you want to have on the cover. It must be marked in advance in the prepared area. It is necessary to pull the cord so that the layout is carried out as evenly as possible. Experts recommend installing tiles diagonally away from you. When laying paving slabs, it is necessary to ensure that the particles of the future coating fit snugly together.

Main stages

Installation nuances

Paving slab laying may seem like a simple task. However, not everything is so simple here. There are certain subtleties that you should be aware of. Let's take a look at the most important details below.

• It doesn't really matter what kind of paving slabs you decide to lay out in the yard. The material almost always does not fit evenly. At the end of the work, unwanted waste remains - wasted money. Therefore, they should be included in the price so as not to spend too much. Most waste occurs when parallel tiling is performed. It is best to lay the material diagonally. This will save money on material.
• If you are faced with the task of fitting the plinth to a certain shape, then it must first be cut with a grinder, and then broken off. Cutting the tile to the end is not the best solution, as this leads to more dust that will have to be removed from the surface.

Conclusion

Many owners of private country houses want to have beautiful yard area. This is pretty easy to do these days. Thanks to paving slabs, which is a common material, you can easily transform the courtyard of a private house, as well as paths in parks and sidewalks.

To many, laying this material may seem like a simple process. However, it is not. There is certain nuances that you should be aware of. First you should get acquainted with the technology of laying the coating from this material, and only then engage in independent laying of paving slabs. In this case, you can avoid mistakes and get a beautiful yard that will please the eye for many years.

Publication date: 21-05-2015

• Drawing up a plan-scheme of the site and selection necessary materials and tools
  • Site layout
  • Necessary tools and materials
• The technology of laying paving slabs
  • Paving slabs

Ennobling the courtyard area in their private households, the owners are increasingly using material such as paving slabs. On the one hand, properly laid, it looks very aesthetically pleasing and helps to keep the yard clean, and on the other hand, the technology of laying paving slabs with your own hands is not so complicated. Having correctly determined the location of the site on which the paving will be carried out, as well as having prepared all the required materials and tools, you can quickly and beautifully decorate your yard with decorative paving stones on your own.

IN Lately pavers have become a very popular material for laying on the ground. This is due not only to its high wear resistance, but also to the fact that paving stones can give a special architectural sophistication and a certain character to the surface.

When planning to lay part of your yard with paving slabs, you first need to decide what area and where to decorate with this paving slab. It is very important to rationally approach the issue of the advisability of laying decorative paving stones in the yard of a private household.

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When choosing a site for paving slabs, try to choose a flat place, make the site the correct geometric shape and think about where the sedimentary water will flow.

When planning the location of the site, which will be framed with paving or paving slabs, it is necessary to take into account some factors. The most important among them are the following:

• The ground must be fairly level. In the case of a strong slope, it is possible to make a multi-level paved area, but in no case should laying be allowed at a significant angle of inclination;
• It is desirable to make a platform of the correct geometric shape. On the one hand, it will look aesthetically pleasing, and on the other hand, the paving process itself will be easier. Having no experience in laying paving slabs, it is best to start by laying a rectangular area;
• It is not necessary to cover the entire yard space with tiles. It is possible to lay a paved area of ​​regular geometric shape in the central part of the yard or on the territory adjacent to the entrance to the house, and from it to lay cobbled paths to various important points on the territory of the infield;
• When planning the location of a paved area, one should foresee where the sedimentary water will flow. If necessary, the installation of an artificial drainage system should also be planned;

An example of how paving slabs harmonize with the courtyard space, complementing and ennobling it.

The most important thing is that the site being laid is in harmony with the common courtyard space, visually organizing and ennobling it.

In general, the plan for creating a platform from paving slabs completely depends on the fantasies and wishes of the owners. Depending on the total area of ​​​​the territory intended for paving, as well as on the specifics of the landscape of the yard, the necessary materials are counted and the tools that are needed for paving to take place without delay are taken into account.

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Depending on the individual characteristics of each site to be laid, the selection and quantity of materials may vary. Here we offer a standard set, which is necessary when paving a regular rectangular area. The materials listed below are quite inexpensive and available at any hardware store. So, what materials and tools will you definitely need?

Here you can see the necessary tools for laying paving slabs, such as a trowel; shovel; Bulgarian; rope; rangefinder; mallet; level; brush.

• Paving slabs (the calculation is made by footage; curly paving slabs are usually sold per running m);
• Sand;
• Cement (best grade M400);
• Concrete plates for laying a border around the perimeter;
• A shovel, a container for mixing cement mortar and for preparing a carving (a mixture that will include cement and sand);
• Mallet with rubber knob, smooth wooden plank, spirit level, lacing;
• To cut tiles, it is best to use a circular machine with a diamond blade. However, such a machine may not be in the household or summer cottage. Therefore, instead of it, the grinder is most often used. Using manual circular saw for cutting tiles, maximum care must be taken to avoid injury;

Thus, having drawn up a rational and aesthetic plan for laying a courtyard area of ​​paving slabs, as well as selecting and preparing all materials and tools, you can proceed directly to the work process. The stages, rules and technology of such work require strict adherence to certain norms and standards.

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When laying paving slabs, sand will serve as a tile adhesive that will fill the gaps between the individual components of the mosaic.

Technology self-laying paving slabs may seem quite simple and affordable, but it is very important to follow all the procedural steps and recommendations so that the paving is not carried out in vain and the site does not crack, deform or fall apart in the shortest possible time. You need to start with careful preparation of the place reserved for paving.

Preparing the base for laying Very milestone, which will largely determine the success of the whole work, is the preparation of the basis for the direct laying of tiles. Such preparation is carried out in the following sequence:

The basis for high-quality laying of paving slabs (paving stones) is a carefully prepared base.

1. We outline the perimeter of the site in accordance with the previously drawn up plan-scheme. For marking it is convenient to use tension lacing and pegs. Along the cord and inside the intended site, we remove the sod, the top layer of soil. If necessary, you can dig a small hole. It depends on the thickness of the selected type of paving slabs and on how much higher the ground level will be the platform plane. The general outline of the recess should be 10-15 cm wider than the intended perimeter of the site (this is necessary for the correct laying of curb slabs.
2. Pour sand over the entire area of ​​the formed recess and tamp it down, forming a sand cushion about 5 cm thick. To create such a cushion, you can use both sand and granite screenings.
3. Now you can start laying curb concrete tiles. They are laid around the perimeter on a thick cement mortar, which is prepared in a ratio of 1/3 - cement / sand. It is very important to install all curbstones evenly. They are placed along a stretched cord that controls the perimeter line, and the upper horizontal plane of the plates is controlled using a level or spirit level.
4. If it is assumed that the future site will have a slight slope for water flow, then it is the curb slabs that should be laid under the appropriate slope. To create such a slope, pegs can be driven in along the edges of the site, with the help of a hydrostatic level, mark zero (single-level) marks on them, tie the cord on one peg a little above this mark, and on the other - a little lower. This cord will adjust the horizontal slope of the curb slabs.
5. In the end, you should get a platform closed around the perimeter with concrete curbs, which will be laid inside with paving slabs.

http://youtu.be/M3H9d0Uryw0

After the mortar, on which the curb slabs are laid, has completely hardened, you can proceed to the most important stage of work, which is the laying of paving slabs.

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Paving tiles on the prepared site is carried out according to the following technology:

Paving stones laid on right technology can be used within a day.

1. First, you should prepare a carving - a backfill mixture, which includes cement and sand in a ratio of 1/6. It is advisable to sift the sand before use. Mix cement with sand very carefully so that the mixture is fairly uniform. There is no need to add water to this cement-sand mixture.
2. We fill the carving into the space between the curb plates and carefully level it. For this alignment of the backfill, it is best to use a long bar, the cut corners of which are installed on opposite curb slabs. We fill the gartsovka to such a level that just laid on it, not rammed tile protrudes 5-10 cm above the curb slabs (depending on the thickness of the paving slab itself). Subsequently, it will be necessary to pour the carving in some places, level it if the stacker will stand on it during the paving process. Perhaps it is more convenient to sit on an already laid tile, moving forward in the process of work.
3. After falling asleep and carefully leveling the carving, you can start laying the tiles. This is done from one edge of the site to the other. When applying one tile to another, it is important to leave a uniform gap between them. This is usually obtained automatically, since a technological protrusion is made on the side surfaces of the tile during its factory production. It also helps to make uniform gaps between individual tiles.
4. The most important and difficult part of the entire laying process is to tamp the tiles into the cut to create a perfectly flat outer surface.

The most difficult thing in the process of laying tiles is to tamp the tile into the carving evenly, for this use a mallet and a small wooden beam.

To do this, you can use a flat bar or bar laid on opposite curb plates. Between such plates, you can pull the cord and focus on it. Experienced craftsmen it is enough to have a small bar for mutual alignment of nearby tiles. The ramming itself and the leveling of each tile are made with a mallet with a rubber knob. A mallet should be hit on the applied to the tile wooden block.

1. To form the first row along the curb slab, curly paving slabs often have to be cut. The safest and easiest way to do this is to circular machine. In the absence of such, a grinder with a diamond disc blade is used. Most often, the tiles in the last laying row also have to be cut.
2. After the completion of dry laying, the resulting area is watered with water, which penetrates inside, under the tile, thanks to the remaining gaps. The cement-sand mixture wetted in this way hardens, forming a solid base under the tile. The strength of such a base largely depends on how evenly the laying of the tile material itself was carried out.
3. After a while, you can fill up the gaps between the tiles with garco or just sand (the first option is more reliable). The tile is watered again. After the carving has dried in the inter-tile gaps, the area is washed with water from a hose. All dirt and residues of used materials are washed off. Now the site is completely ready for operation.

http://youtu.be/atoQtLiFUFs

Thus, adhering to all technological norms and recommendations, it is possible, using available and inexpensive materials, ennoble the yard in front of your house. A platform paved with paving slabs will not only look aesthetically pleasing, but also simply sweep or even wash with water under pressure. And after laying tiled paths to various important objects on personal plot, you can perfectly organize the entire territory.

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Do-it-yourself paving stone laying: step-by-step instructions for paving paths

This article will introduce you to such a procedure as laying paving stones with your own hands: step-by-step instruction for paving platforms and paths, supported by photos and videos, will include full review recommendations on the choice of materials, planning future construction and its implementation. The specificity and advantages of using materials such as paving stones and paving slabs will be considered in detail.

The area in front of the entrance to the house is paved with paving slabs

In the photo, paving stones in the courtyard of private houses can be seen as decoration:

• tracks;
• areas for summer recreation;
• barbecue areas;
• courtyard and entrance to the house;
• areas for placing a car in front of the house;
• areas around the gazebo, shed or bench;
• carport areas, etc.

Paving stone belongs to the category of reliable materials with a high level of strength and wear resistance. It has one indisputable advantage. Looking at asphalt roads and the state in which they are, it immediately becomes clear that the old streets, paved with paving stones, benefit in many ways. Even after 100 years of use, this antique coating retains its strength without repair.

Note! Paving stones will provide similar quality and durability in your yard, but only if the right choice of materials and full compliance with the requirements of paving technology.

The summer patio is decorated with paving stones laid out in a circular way.

Before starting work, you should take care of preparing the necessary materials and tools.

• before going shopping Consumables, you should carefully measure the area for laying the coating, understand the patterns and patterns, and also calculate required amount paving stones with a small margin in case damage occurs during work;
• along with the material, you should purchase a dry mix for paving. If you intend to lay paving stones on concrete, as a rule, such paths can last for several decades. Or purchase other components for work on a sandy surface;
• if necessary, you need to buy or rent the missing equipment and tools;
• enlist the help of an assistant, since it is quite difficult to lay the sidewalk on your own, or call specialists. It will be problematic to cope with such a large array of works alone, especially if you do not have enough experience and knowledge.

A neat garden path paved with your own hands

Paving stones are products small size made of natural stone. Most often, this type of coating is found on pavements, but due to its natural origin, which ensures the preservation of its shape for a long time, it is often used for paving paths in the yards of private houses.

Features of choosing paving stones for paths in the country, prices for concrete material

Concrete paving stones are among the most commonly used materials for paving platforms and sidewalks. In production, concrete is used for the manufacture of blanks. Special plasticizers are added to this mixture, as well as pigments of various colors.

Note! Concrete tiles can be created using different technologies- vibropress or vibrocasting. In each case, the coating acquires special properties and advantages.

The cost of concrete tiles ranges from 300 to 500 rubles per square meter

The production process, during which concrete pavers are created, is as follows:

• preparation of concrete mix;
• filling forms;
• special processing of the mixture;
• drying stage.

After the concrete has completely dried, the finished blanks are removed from the molds. During the drying period, the concrete mixture hardens and gains strength.

If you want to buy concrete pavers for work, along with a low and affordable cost, you get quite acceptable performance properties. This material option is suitable if the construction budget is limited.

Prices for paving stones based on gray cement:

Features of other types of paving stones

In addition to concrete paving stones, there are also other types of coating. Clinker material is made on the basis of clay. Blanks are a kind of bricks used for paving sites. Clinker pavement has a different shape and color. This type of material is distinguished by an increased indicator of strength, durability and resistance to low temperatures.

Stone paving for platforms and sidewalks is considered by developers as classic version coatings. The material for its manufacture are natural rocks, mainly:

Basalt tiles are often used for decoration adjoining territory

There are many ways to lay stone paving stones, which makes it possible to make a pavement that can last more than a century. The modern assortment offers several varieties of this material. The classification is based on external characteristics blanks, which can be:

• sawn;
• stab;
• stab-sawn.

Helpful advice! Use special types of paving stones to cover walkways and terraces. For these purposes, products made of high quality colored concrete or ceramics are provided.

Granite paving stones: material features

Granite paving stones belong to the coatings of natural origin. Its uniqueness lies in the fact that in the conditions of advanced technological progress, specialists have not yet been able to create a technology for obtaining an artificial analogue of this stone, which has the same service life, strength level, and resistance to atmospheric phenomena.

Chipped granite paving stones

The chipped version of the material is used in classic design. The coating is able to withstand significant operational loads, so it can be called almost eternal. While the budget cement pavers can last no more than 20 years.

Granite is extremely stable, so it is best suited for paving:

• sidewalks;
• sites;
• highways;
• park paths.

During the period of long-term operation, the stone practically does not undergo external changes, it retains its properties.

The process of paving the sidewalk with granite tiles

Benefits of using granite paving stones:

• stone blanks have an increased strength index, due to which the entire coating is also durable;
• due to its dense structure, granite acquires moisture resistant properties. Moisture cannot penetrate into the deep layers of the material, so the paving stones are not afraid of severe frosts and rains;
• stable structure protects granite from damaging effects chemical substances. The same property provides the material with excellent performance characteristics;
• natural destruction of the material is very slow. The stone is not subject to cracks, burnout, does not show vulnerability to the impact of putrefactive processes and atmospheric phenomena. The natural pattern of the rock is preserved almost in its original form;
• split paving stones do not absorb dirt particles, self-clean in the rain, and do not contribute to the accumulation of moisture on the coating. Granite is not afraid of ultraviolet radiation;
• paving stones are easy to repair, and the blanks themselves can be used for re-paving. Reusable use material does not affect the quality of the tracks.

A path made of granite paving stones will last more than a dozen years.

Note! Chipped granite has a fairly high strength index. The stone is able to withstand high pressure, strong blows, conditions of high traffic (the surface is not erased), the impact of static loads.

Modern paving stones and tiles have many various forms and colours. Thanks to this, it becomes possible to make an interesting design decision in the courtyard of your house. These coatings are excellent tools in relation to the arrangement of the local area. They are characterized by reliability and practicality, which allows you to operate paths and platforms for many years.

Even the usual form of tiles or paving stones in the form of a brick can be used to create various patterns. To do this, it is enough to choose interesting scheme and purchase material of appropriate colors. Thanks to this, you can improve the aesthetics of the coating and even maintain the style in which the design of your suburban area is made.

Combination of circular and classic paving stones

Based on several varieties of tiles, you can create interesting patterns by laying the coating in a certain pattern. You can develop a drawing yourself or use ready-made options for laying paving slabs:

• geometric figures, for example, colored diamonds on a plain background. To give the image a finished look, you can use a third color to create a kind of border around the edge of the track;
• zigzags resembling the letter "M". In work, you can use 2-3 colors and paving stones of various widths. The drawing will turn out dynamic;
• complex geometric patterns look no less impressive. To work, it will be enough to choose two colors that contrast with each other. You can create something like a maze or decorate the path with twisted spirals in the form of a Greek pattern;
• the staggered order of placing paving stones or diagonally is very often used in the design of paths and playgrounds. Two-tone colors can be varied by using lines of various thicknesses and sizes;
• strict design can be achieved by repeating geometric shapes of the same size, for example, rhombuses, squares, rectangles.

Examples simple circuits laying paving slabs: 1 - herringbone, 2 - spiral, 3 - ladder, 4 - checkerboard

Helpful advice! If you are using repeating geometric shapes, be sure to eliminate any irregularities. Carefully prepare the substrate before laying so that the pattern does not look crooked. Paving in this case should also be given increased attention.

Even the simplest patterns will effectively decorate any yard. Using curly or straight types of paving stones, you can emphasize and highlight certain advantages of the local area.

Simple at first glance, two-color patterns will look pretty decent if you do the work step by step and carefully. At the same time, it is worth adhering to the advice of specialists in order to achieve the most accurate and flat surface. Otherwise, even the highest quality and most expensive material, which will be laid in intricate patterns and patterns, will have a sloppy and cheap appearance. Neglect of technology leads to the formation of irregularities and height differences on the surface of the coating.

Figured paving using paving stones of different colors

Coating in the form of pavers has many advantages. Among them, the following qualities stand out:

• compressive strength;
• long service life;
• attractive appearance;
• abrasion resistance;
• a wide range of applications, including paths, recreation areas, pedestrian walkways, parking areas and areas for traffic;
• high level temperature resistance, both low and high.

Helpful advice! If the pavement will be subjected to serious loads in the future, it is recommended to pave sidewalks over concrete base. A sand cushion is not suitable for these purposes.

The recreation area is made of cement paving slabs

Before laying paving stones, preparatory work must be done. The list of these works includes the following procedures:

1. Determine the condition of the pavement for paving the sidewalk.
2. Choose a scheme in accordance with the planned loads.
3. Prepare the surface for work.

To carry out the work, you will need to prepare the appropriate tools and additional materials:

• paving stones or paving slabs;
• a mallet with rubber pads or a hammer with a similar coating;
• building level;
• grinder with sets of discs for cutting tiles;
• tape measure, shovel, brush, rake;
• container (metal);
• a block of wood;
• watering can, wheelbarrow;
• sand and a special sieve for sifting it;
• protective gloves for hands and goggles.

Before you start laying tiles, you need to prepare everything necessary tools and materials

If you correctly calculate and design a site or a path, in the future you will insure yourself against rework, and therefore from additional costs for the purchase of material. At this stage, the shape of the paving stones is selected. How to properly lay this coating option will depend on other factors: paving patterns, mosaics, color solution, the surrounding landscape, and the grounds.

Using a tape measure, a set of wooden pegs, construction cord, and a level, mark out the area for laying out the site or paths. Instead of building level level can be used.

Helpful advice! Be sure to walk around the area allotted for paving the sidewalk, and check how convenient the location you have chosen, whether the paths interfere with the passage road transport. This stage of work still allows you to make changes without compromising your project.

In the process of paving, you can not do without a rubber mallet and a building level

After that, it is necessary to calculate consumables:

• cement;
• paving stones;
• borders;
• crushed stone;
• gravel;
• sand.

Related article:

Paving slabs for paths in the country. Prices, types and styles. Paths in the country, paved with paving slabs. Right choice and paving slabs. Photos of finished tracks and platforms.

Substrate preparation: how to lay paving stones on sand and gravel

The quality of the future coating is largely determined by how carefully you think over and prepare the base.

The first step is to prepare the soil. To do this, the top layer (turf) should be removed from the surface of the earth. After that, you will need to remove a layer of soil 20 cm thick. Pipes can be placed under the base of the future coating, which will subsequently be used to lay elements of communication systems. Thus, you do not have to break tracks to lay communications.

Site preparation for paving slabs

Then the resulting recess is filled with gravel with large fractions or crushed stone. This is done in order to form a cushion for laying paving stones. Depending on the purpose of the tracks, a certain thickness of this layer is selected. It is recommended to take a thickness of 10-15 cm for laying the footpath. If it is planned to build a parking area and driveway for cars, then this figure should be increased to 15-20 cm.

To shrink the crushed stone cushion, you can use a vibrator or a conventional rammer. An intermediate layer of sand is poured on top of it, after which it is leveled with a rake and compacted a little. It is allowed to use a dry sand-cement mixture with a ratio of these components of 1:5, respectively.

Helpful advice! The height of the layer should be about 3-5 cm, so that as a result the surface of the tiled surface rises 1 cm above the planned laying level. Over time, the paving stones gradually shrink, so this gap is designed to compensate for the height difference that forms during operation.

Leveling the base with a cement-sand mixture

In order for the base to turn out to be correct and well planned, it is recommended to install guides that will eliminate irregularities. For these purposes, it is best to take slats or pipes, they will be used to screed excess material from the upper layer.

Geotextiles are laid on top of the rubble. This type of material should be laid in 2 layers for greater efficiency. Benefits of using geotextiles:

• the material does not allow interlayers of crushed stone and sand to mix;
• a normal outflow of water is ensured;
• the base is durable and more durable;
• the possibility of weed germination between the paving stones is excluded (plants contribute to the destruction of the paved surface, reducing its service life).

If you follow all the recommendations for the formation of the base, this area will be an excellent basis for laying tiles or paving stones. Thanks to the exact observance of technology, the platform or paved path will turn out to be durable, it will not sag over time.

The final result will directly depend on the quality of the base preparation.

no more suitable material for paving paths in the yard country house than paving stones. Many owners of such cottages know how to lay this type of coating with their own hands. After all, this is a great way to save on the arrangement of the local area and make it comfortable and beautiful. In order for the paths to have a complete appearance, curbs should be installed before paving the paving stones.

The border will perform several functions at once:

• decorative (the coating gets a beautiful frame and a harmonious appearance);
• limiting (paving stones will not spread on the sides due to the outflow of water);
• strengthening (the base becomes stronger and more stable).

Before installing the curbs, model the area or path that you are going to make using wooden pegs. Label all bends, turns and intersections.

Helpful advice! In places where the path bends, trim the corners of adjacent curbs. Use a grinder for these purposes.

Pathway with curbs looks neater

Next, all the pegs must be connected to each other with a rope or cord. Be sure to use a building level or level. Dig a groove in such a way that the curb mounted on the pillow rises about 1-2 cm above the rope. Concrete mixture should be placed at the bottom of this groove.

The curb is installed on the prepared cushion, after which it should be hammered with light taps with a rubber mallet or mallet until the surface is equal to the level of rope tension.

When installing the curb, its position should be controlled. Each element is necessarily checked for verticality, which it must strictly comply with. After that, the gaps between the elements of the curb are controlled. These parts should be installed as closely as possible to each other. The groove itself from the outside should be covered with sand and carefully rammed.

In some cases, designers do without the use of curbs during the installation of paving stones. A video on how to properly lay the material in such conditions can be easily found on the Internet. In fact, paving is carried out flush with the lawn or 1-2 cm above it.

We do the laying of paving slabs with our own hands: step by step instructions, video

Laying paving slabs as a covering is carried out manually diagonally. The workpieces are placed on the surface of the base in the direction "away from you". This is done in order not to violate the integrity of the prepared and even top layer. Make sure that there is a gap of about 1-2 mm between the blanks.

Helpful advice! The simplest in terms of installation is the "Old Town" tile. Its blanks have special protrusions that prevent the elements from fitting tightly to each other.

In the future, these gaps will be filled with sand or a special dry mix. This procedure is performed in order to fix the tiles in the desired position. Sand during the operation of the coating will not allow the workpieces to move from their places.

After the tile is laid on the surface of the base, it should be tamped. This must be done very carefully so as not to spoil the workpiece. Use a rubber mallet or wooden mallet. Perform visual control of the placement of each element in accordance with your chosen laying pattern.

For even laying of tiles along and across the rows, a rope is pulled

If it was not possible to install the tile as expected, the workpiece should be lifted, the amount of sand under it adjusted (removed or, conversely, added), level the surface with a rammer and try again to install the element correctly.

If the project involves the creation of a platform or a path not correct form, with turns or rounds, you will need to cut the material. Any variant of the tiled coating lends itself well enough to cutting. For these purposes, it is better to use a grinder. Stock up on a set of discs designed to work with a stone surface.

Before proceeding with the cutting of the material, the tile should be applied to the intended installation site and marked in the form of a line. An unnecessary part that goes beyond the border will be cut off along it. To avoid wastage of material, it is recommended that you cut the tiles last, when the solid blanks have already been laid.

Pavement paving with installed curbs

When the rough laying is completed, a control check of the placement of the tiles is carried out using a rule or building level for the presence of defects in the coating:

• irregularities;
• depressions;
• bulges.

After all defects are eliminated, the coating is covered with river sand with a fine fraction or a mixture of sand and cement. Use a mop, broom or brush to remove excess. Spray the coating with water from a hose. This completes the coating work.

Use the video material to visually see how the tiling is laid. With the observance of technology and the selection of high-quality materials, pavement paths will decorate your country yard for a very long time.

REMOO IN YOUR MAIL

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Do-it-yourself technology for laying paving slabs on sand and on a concrete base

The paving slabs laid on the territory of the site have not only an aesthetic, but also a utilitarian function. Such tiles can significantly improve the aesthetic appearance of the yard, as well as provide comfort while being on the site. There are several technologies for laying paving slabs, thanks to which you can do the work yourself.

This material chooses most of owners of private and country houses for the purpose of arranging the backyard territory. With the help of paving slabs, you can lay out paths in the yard, playgrounds or parking spaces, as well as make a blind area. It is this material that has all the necessary qualities to perform such work. This tile has an affordable cost, easy installation and easy care. Also, this material is characterized by high performance characteristics, wear resistance and resistance to frost. At the same time, in the modern market of building materials you can find the widest selection textures, colors and patterns of paving slabs. All this determines the wide popularity that this material received for last years.

Types of paving slabs

New types of rubber-based paving slabs, tiles with textured, three-dimensional patterns and polymer sand tiles are constantly appearing on the building materials market. Laying paving slabs with your own hands should begin with the choice of tiles, depending on the purpose for which it will be laid and in what way.

To date, tiles are produced in two ways:

• vibrocasting method;
• vibrocompression method.

The vibrocasting method has certain advantages. Tiles produced in this way are presented on the market in a large assortment, in different colors and shapes. Also, this method of manufacturing involves the production of custom-made tiles according to individual parameters. Important point: vibrocast paving slabs differ not long term operation (no more than seven years). In addition, this type of tile is not suitable for arranging paths and areas that will be heavily loaded, therefore, for paving, for example, car parking, it is best to use vibropressed tiles.

The tile produced by the vibropressing method is stronger and more reliable, therefore it is used for any purpose. It is used for laying parking areas, paths in the yard, as well as access roads. Vibrocompression paving slabs include granite paving stones, which are actively used for laying roads. This is due to the fact that such material can withstand heavy loads without problems. In addition, it is worth noting that tiles produced in this way have high frost resistance, long service life and resistance to stress.

In view of this, it should be noted that for paving sites or more expensive in the courtyard of a private house, vibrocast tiles are quite suitable if they are not subjected to a strong impact. It should also be noted that in such a process as laying paving slabs, the price per square meter of this material is not the last value. In this regard, vibrocast tiles will cost much less.

Preparing the site for laying paving slabs - marking the tracks

Despite the fact that there are different ways of laying paving slabs, they all begin with site planning and marking in areas that will be finished with material. First of all, it is necessary to prepare a site plan and designate on it those paths and sections on which paving slabs will be laid. After preparing the project of work, in the selected areas for paving by means of a tape measure, stakes and a cord, appropriate measurements should be made and markings should be made. The width of the paths is determined depending on the size of the territory.

During marking, it should be remembered that during the laying of tiles it will be necessary to equip a slight slope in order to ensure the drainage of rainwater.

We prepare the base

After the marking on the site has been completed, you should begin to prepare the base. This is done in several stages:

At the stage of preparing the surface of the path for laying paving slabs, you should also take care of draining the water from the yard. To do this, you should dig a trench next to the curb and lay the pipe in it, after wrapping it in a layer of geotextile. It helps to prevent sand and earth particles from entering the pipe, thereby avoiding clogging of the pipe and drainage well. In the process of laying the pipe, a slight slope should be made in the direction where the melt water will flow.

Do-it-yourself paving slab laying step-by-step instructions for sand

The technology of laying paving slabs on sand involves the creation of a sand cushion, which must be carefully compacted and its surface leveled. After creating such a pillow, you should lay out the tile to see how it will fit. The laying process should start from the curb stone and move away from you.

The tile should be driven into the sand and with the help of a mallet (made of wood) you need to level its position. Specialists use vibrating plates for this. Therefore, if the amount of work is quite significant and at the same time everything is done independently, then it would be quite justified to rent a vibrating plate. In the process of work, you need to constantly monitor the level of the tile. Periodically, you need to use the building level to see how the tile lies evenly. One of the sides of the track, parallel to which is laid drainage pipe for water to drain, should be at an angle of about three degrees to the adjacent side.

After the first two rows of material have been laid, a rule should be applied and, by tapping with a mallet, it is necessary to make the gaps even. Upon completion of the paving process, all gaps should be covered with plaster mortar (dry) and moistened with plenty of water. At the same time, it is desirable to water using hoses with a diffuser, so that during irrigation, a plentiful stream of water does not wash the solution out of the gaps. Before pouring water on the tile, you need to get rid of small debris from the surface. Now you need to leave the surface for a while so that the tile grabs. At the same time, it is not necessary to allow loads on the tile for this time.

An important point: material consumption depends on the installation technology, for example, during diagonal laying, tiles will go much more. In addition, it is very important to ensure that the base for the tiles is well prepared, since the duration of the life of the paved path or site depends on this.

How to lay tiles on a concrete base

Paving slabs are laid on a concrete base only if significant, constant loads are placed on the surface. To lay tiles using this technology, you can make a pillow of crushed stone and fill it with a cement solution, then level the surface, wait until it dries and the base for laying is ready. In the event that the base requires reinforcement, then in the trench, after the crushed stone pillow has been laid, formwork should be made and a layer of concrete (about ten centimeters) should be poured into it and a reinforced mesh should be laid. To do this, you can use a grid with cells ten by ten centimeters. To prevent cracking, you will need wooden slats that are installed across the trench.

When laying paving slabs on a concrete base, you will need a mixture of M150. On top of the concrete you need to pour cement and use a trowel to level the layer. Next, the surface must be covered with a film and sprinkled with a small amount of water from time to time. To lay such tiles on concrete surface follows through the use of a conventional solution of cement and sand. Before proceeding with laying, it is advisable to lay out all the tiles in the correct order on the surface in order to form a pattern and understand in what sequence they should be laid.

After that, the entire tile is removed, and a solution must be applied to the surface, with a layer of about three centimeters. Next, you can proceed directly to the installation. Crosses are needed to correctly determine the width of the gaps. In the process of work, it is necessary to constantly check the evenness of the masonry and do not forget about the necessary slope of the surface for water flow.

Laying paving slabs video

remontidei.ru

Paving slabs - beauty underfoot: 50 best photo ideas for your site

Paving slabs are one of the most popular coatings for decorating paths, yards and adjacent territories, squares and sidewalks. It is easy to install or dismantle, you can create a unique mosaic pattern from it, while the composition will not be limited either in shape or in color scheme. To get an idea of ​​how it looks, look at the photo of paving slabs.

Not only the term of its operation, but also its appearance depends on the quality of paving slabs. If you compare its quality with asphalt, then you should pay attention to Special attention material properties such as:

• Price. Despite the fact that one square meter of this material is cheaper than asphalt, it is not inferior in terms of its quality characteristics.
• Frost resistance. Unlike asphalt, tiles do not break down under the influence of low or high temperatures. Its structure remains the same: it does not acquire that fragility, due to which it collapses so quickly in winter time asphalt pavement.
• aesthetic qualities. With this building material, you can realize any design idea. The richness of colors and the small size of the bar allow you to lay out a pattern of any complexity.

How original the design of the courtyard with this building material is, look at the paving slabs in the courtyard of a private house in the photo:

Production methods

The main elements from which paving slabs are made are sand and cement. Also in the solution can be added:

• granite chips;
• marble chips;
• pigment.

The quality and technical characteristics of the material depend not so much on the composition and proportions of its components, but on the production technology.

Vibrocompression

The mold for making tiles is located on a vibrating frame. Due to vibrations, the dry mixture in the mold is compacted. To speed up the process and improve quality, force is applied to the mass. This is done using a vibrating punch until the required density is reached. After the process is completed, the punch and the mold are removed, and it remains on the frame ready product. The products obtained in this way are of high quality and have a service life of about 25 years.

Hyperpressing

This method is used in accelerated production. With this manufacturing method, the vibrating process is replaced by a high-pressure pressing process. The result is a homogeneous mixture. This method of production is considered one of the most expensive, as it requires special high-quality equipment.

vibrocasting

Most cheap way pavement manufacturing. On a vibrating table, molds are placed into which the liquid solution is poured. A vibrating tabletop is needed in order to partially separate the solution into fractions. Cement milk is formed on the surface, after which the blanks are removed from the table, covered with a special film and placed to dry in a separate room. Drying lasts about a day, but in order for the material to acquire desired level strength, it should lie in the warehouse for about a month. Look at examples of photos of paving slabs in the yard.

Dimensions

Tiles are produced in the following formats:

• 50 by 50 cm. This size is used not only for decorating paths or large areas. Often used as a blind area around the perimeter of the building. To avoid cracking, the surface for laying this coating must be well prepared, otherwise it may burst.
• 40 by 40 cm. Used mainly for decorating paths and surrounding areas.
• 10 by 20 cm or 10 by 10 cm. Imitation of paving stones. It is mainly used for the design of sidewalks and squares. Can be used instead of asphalt pavement on roads and parking lots.
• The height varies from 5 to 12 cm. It all depends on the production technology. The higher the height, the stronger the material, but the price is higher.

Below you can see how the paving stones lie in the courtyard of a private house in the photo below.

Types of paving slabs

Paving slabs differ not only in manufacturing technology, but also in the composition and shape of the bar. Often, patterns are applied to the surface that imitate various materials. From marbled imitation to texture parquet board. Below are the main types of this building material. ABOUT options look at the photo in our gallery for laying such paving stones.

clover shape

The material from which bars of this shape are made is concrete, which contains small granite gravel. Has a smooth surface. Easy to wash, moisture resistant. Drawings of laying paving stones are obtained in a very beautiful form.

English cobblestone

Obtained in the process of vibrocasting a concrete solution. Very similar in shape and color to natural stone. Usually gray or brown in color. It turns out beautiful paving slabs.

Wave

A bar of an elongated shape, having a bend similar to a wave or lightning, due to which the probability of shifting the bars in the horizontal direction is minimal.

Look at original design paving slabs in a private house in the photo.

brick

As the name implies, the bar is very similar to a brick. The same elongated and regular shape. The most popular and cheapest type. It has high strength and long service life. Below you see a picture of brick paving stones.

Tumbled

Tiles with rounded edges. Although the assembly strength of the construction of such plates is low, design possibilities limited, it is still very popular. The very shape of the plates is very aesthetic and the design turns out to be very original in appearance. Often, this material is applied with a paving stone pattern with imitation of marble.

See the photo for the types of laying such paving stones.

Styling options

Laying begins with the choice of paving stone pattern and laying method. There are many options for laying paving slabs, while the composition must be harmonious and meet accepted aesthetic rules. To avoid wastage of material, preliminary stage preparation, the design of the coating is carefully worked out, then the material is acquired desired shape and quantities. See examples of laying paving slabs in the photo in our article.

There are several styling options, below are only those that are most often used. They do not require any special skills, they are easy to mount even with the help of improvised means. See the options for laying paving slabs in the photo.

Tile

The material is laid either along or across. As a result, a surface with regular geometric shapes should be formed. Installation is carried out in a special trench with concrete pouring. The following shows how to lay paving slabs in the photo.

Network

Classic way. The elements are laid like this: they start from the corner - two tiles are laid around the perimeter, then two are laid next to each other - perpendicular to them. Lay the next row in the same way. Wicker usually decorate straight paths and sidewalks. Especially original in appearance is the pattern of laying paving stones of two colors. Look at the paving slab laying pictures.

Zigzag

Complex design requiring certain skills. Usually brick-shaped tiles are used, from the bars of which a zigzag pattern is laid out. S-shape. Often this method is used to decorate private courtyards or city squares. Below is a photo of this type of laying paving slabs.

Herringbone

The bars are laid relative to each other at an angle of 45° or 90°. This method is used most often, since such laying gives the structure a high level of stability. With this method of laying, brick tiles are mainly used. See examples of laying paving slabs in the photo.

random mix

Difficult installation method. Patterns of paving slabs are laid without any particular order. Often, with this method, tiles of various shapes and colors are used. Below is what paving slabs look like in the courtyard of a private house in the photo.

Photo gallery

In our photo gallery you can see 37 more ways of laying paving slabs in the photo.

Paving slabs in the courtyard of a private house or in the country house perform two functions - aesthetic and utilitarian. The key to the quality implementation of both is correct styling paving slabs.

Many trust this to professionals, hoping that they know their business. Is that so? Will the hired worker always perform the installation better than the owner himself?

The main thing is to know how to lay paving slabs with your own hands.

A step-by-step instruction will be a good help, in which, in addition to the order of work, all the nuances of this rather simple and exciting process. Where the result is shown with the first laid tile.

Preparation for laying paving slabs

Planning is a guarantee that a homemade track will not let you down for a long time.

• Plot layout. Few people dare to lay out the entire space on the site with tiles, just as it is difficult to do without paths, at least from the gate to the cottage and outbuildings. Perfect option- think over the paths to the house and from it to the main buildings on the site. So the lawn is preserved, and in the rain it is not necessary to knead the dirt. In addition, you do not have to uproot trees and other perennial plantings.

• Material selection. Paving slabs are gradually gaining ground from other types of paving. The main advantages: ease of operation, the ability to dismantle the coating, does not “float” like asphalt from heating, does not burst from the cold (frost-resistant), and is not demanding in care. The path, lined with paving slabs, allows moisture to pass through, thereby not harming the soil and soil (environmentally friendly).

• Tile. When choosing a tile, you need to know that, according to the manufacturing method, it can be vibrocast (possibly independent production) and vibropressed (done in industrial conditions). Varies in color, thickness and shape. Requires a device with a different composition of the base. All these factors determine the technology of laying paving slabs.

Tiled paths and grounds - parameters

Comparative analysis of tiled pavement is provided in the table

The type of soil also affects the choice of base for paving slabs. Moving soil requires a concrete base even for a footpath, and dense soil allows you to get by with a sand-cement cushion and under a car.

Laying paving slabs with your own hands - step by step instructions

General tips and rules on how to lay paving slabs correctly:

• provide drains for water drainage. If paving slabs are laid on sand, then water will go into the gaps between the tiles, and if on a concrete base, then a transverse, longitudinal or transverse-longitudinal slope is required. Thus, water, rain or melt, will not collect between concrete and tiles. Therefore, the possibility of swelling of the track sections is excluded. The optimal slope of paving slabs is 1 cm per 1 meter. Please note: the gap for water drainage must be placed between the curb and the tile sheet;

• correlate the size of the tile with the dimensions allotted for the track. The wider the track, the larger the tiled elements should be (subjective opinion), or vice versa, from small tiles. It would seem that large tiles will make the layout faster and easier, but in fact, it may turn out differently. The large dimensions of the tile are directly reflected in the mass, the weight of paving slabs 40x40 cm is 15-16 kg (depending on thickness). As a result, such plates are difficult to lift, move, level. While adjusting the height, you will have to lift the weight several times to add sand;

• lay (bring) communications before laying paving slabs. Otherwise, it will need to be dismantled and reassembled. If there is no need for communications yet, then conditions can be created for their installation later. To do this, under the track in the most likely places for the passage of future communications, it is recommended to lay plastic pipes diameter 50 mm;

• installation of paving slabs is not carried out during rain or immediately after precipitation. The soil and the laid pillow should dry out. Optimal Humidity grounds are a guarantee that the tile will not spread over time;

• the base for laying paving slabs must be perfectly flat. The sand used for backfilling should not contain clay or other impurities;

• choose optimal size tracks. It is reasonable to select the width of the track, based on the size of the paving slab, plus a value equal to the sum of the gaps between it. Thus, it will be possible to avoid time-consuming and not always beautiful trimming of tiles. The same applies to patterned layout. However, this approach is only possible when laying tiles with the correct geometry. The use of imitation of natural stone, a circular pattern, complex geometry does not always make it possible to do without cutting. In this case, you need to consider the exact location of individual whole and trimmed elements.

Stage 1 - Layout of paving slabs - schemes, patterns, drawings

To create a beautiful tile path, you need to make the right sketch. A drawing or scheme for laying paving slabs will help not only visualize the project, but also calculate the required amount of material.

The choice of laying scheme is influenced by the shape (geometry) of the tiles (see photo) and the planned layout design.

Significant room for maneuver creates the use of rectangular paving slabs, with standard sizes 100x200 mm, type "paving stone" or "brick". They give the largest number styling options.

Traditional options for laying paving slabs:

1. Geometric styling. It can be represented by colored canvases or illusions.

Playing with colors and laying tiles, you can create a unique design of garden paths. Examples in the photo (rhombus, square, circle, new and Old city, parquet, checkerboard, fan, coil, butterfly, wedge sheet, hexagon or honeycomb).

2. Illusions 3D - paving slabs with 3D effect. Laying tiles with a pattern that creates a three-dimensional stereoscopic (three-dimensional) image is a tricky technology of optical illusion.

An example of which is provided below, has no scheme in the classical sense. It involves laying out tiles in an artistic mess. If the tile is monophonic, then the size of the tiles varies when laying out, if it is multi-colored - the colors.

4. Artistic layout of paving slabs, the photo of which is provided below, gives an idea of ​​the diversity various options styling. The complexity of the drawing is determined by the skill or perseverance of the master.

Stage 2 - Preparation of material and tools for laying paving slabs

For work you will need: sand, cement, tile, curb. Of the tool is useful: nylon thread, pegs, rubber mallet, long rule, level, rammer, trowel, broom. In case of trimming, you need a grinder with a disc for cutting concrete. Knee pads are a handy thing, because the work takes a lot of time with an emphasis on these parts of the body.

Stage 3 - Marking for laying paving slabs

The marking of the site is to determine the contour of the future track. The place along the entire perimeter is indicated by pegs, between which a nylon thread is stretched. Due to the fact that it serves as a guide for laying out tiles, it must be pulled strictly according to the level.

Stage 4 - preparation of the base for paving slabs

To build the base, you need to remove the top layer of turf, level the bed, pour it with water and compact it with a tamper. Dense soil does not need such work. There are stones, roots of trees and shrubs in the soil - all this should be removed.

Note. You can leave the soil, but then the path will be much higher than the rest of the cover on the site, which can lead to it being washed away by melt or rainwater.

The resulting bed is covered with a drainage bearing layer, for example, crushed stone or gravel 150-200 mm high. For car track(platforms) layer thickness increases to 400 mm. Many people lay geotextiles under gravel and on it to eliminate the possibility of erosion of the pillow. groundwater. 20 mm is poured on top of the crushed stone. sand to level the base.

Stage 5 - Technology of laying paving slabs

Step-by-step instruction

1. Installing a curb for paving slabs or a curb

The purpose of the curb stone is to mark the path and protect the tile from spreading. But there are examples of laying paving slabs without a border.

Installation of a border is made on the leveled basis. For greater reliability, it is laid on a concrete base (concrete castle).

You can install a plastic border for tiles

The border can be installed flush with the tile or protrude by a few cm. It is recommended to lay the tile just above the curb (border) by 5 mm, this is a shrinkage gap.

There are three types of foundation:

Laying paving slabs on the sand.

In this case, the distance between the curbs (or stretched thread in their absence) is filled with sand. The height of the sand layer is 50-60 mm. Before work, the sand is poured with water using a sprayer and left to dry a little. Then it is leveled and rammed. The display is made on wet, but not wet sand.

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On the base prepared at the fifth stage, the second layer of sand (30-40 mm) is laid, on which reinforcing mesh. From above, the mesh is covered with a mixture of sand and cement in a ratio of 1: 4.

Laying paving slabs on a concrete base.

The composition of the "pie" is shown in the diagram.

Note. Laying tiles on concrete is not the best option. This is due to the fact that the concrete base does not allow moisture to pass through. Water lingers between concrete and tile and, at sub-zero temperatures, leads to deformation of the track.

3. Laying tiles

Simple rules for high-quality and efficient work.

How to properly lay paving slabs:

• the tile is laid out from the bottom point upwards;

• masonry is carried out by the method from oneself. That is, when performing work, the master moves along the already laid path so as not to damage the compacted and leveled base;

• installation of tiles in a circular way starts from the center of the pattern.

• the beginning of the montage falls on the optically visible boundary, i.e. to the place where the eye first falls: Entrance door, porch, veranda, gazebo, etc.

• tiles are laid out not in even rows, but diagonally. This makes it easier to align horizontally.

Starting laying, the first step is to stretch the cord along the width of the track, and the first row of tiles is leveled along it. The horizontal should be checked with a level every 2-3 rows.

"Landing" paving slabs The tile is placed in the place intended for it and is installed accurately by lightly tapping it with a rubber mallet. If the tile falls under it, sand or a mixture is poured.

The gap between paving slabs is usually 2-3 mm (enough for water to escape). The exact gaps are maintained with the help of crosses (but, this is a theory, it does not occur in practice).

Some manufacturers have provided for the presence of limiters (remote locks) on the tiles, allowing installation without the use of accessories at the same distance from each other.

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Appeared new technology- paving slabs glowing in the dark. Installing such a tile will allow you to mark the boundaries and secure movement along the path in the dark. Luminous paint is applied over the tiles and is absolutely safe for users and the soil.

Another option for decorative lighting of the path is LED paving slabs. In this case, during the laying process, brick blocks are mounted - LED lights powered by electricity or solar panels.

Stage 6 - Grouting paving slabs

In addition to understanding how to lay paving slabs, you need to know how to seal the seams. Filling the joints between paving slabs is carried out in two approaches. To begin with, a thin layer of clean, sifted, dry sand is poured onto the laid tile. Using a broom or brush, the backfill is scattered between the seams. Then a layer of sand is poured onto the track (if the base is sandy) or a sand-cement mixture in a ratio of 1: 1 (for a cement-sand or concrete base) and the seams are also filled with a broom (spill).

You can purchase a ready-made dry mix for filling the joints of paving slabs: M150 (120 rubles / 25 kg) and Quick-mix PFN (1650 rubles / 25 kg).

At the end of the work, the path is watered with water using a sprayer. Watering is carried out until puddles form on the path.

Important. The distance between the curb and the tile is not concreted, and is also covered with a dry mix.

Note. Professionals advise vibrocompaction of seams with a special board, but users say that this is unnecessary in private construction.

Paving slab care

It is not enough to know how to lay paving slabs, you still need to provide it permanent care so that it lasts the billing period. A simple maintenance is to periodically sweep and wash the paving slab path (so that the colored tiles remain as beautiful). In winter, metal shovels should not be used for snow removal, but crowbars, ice axes should not be used for icing, and the track should also be sprinkled with anti-ice compounds containing salt.

Water repellent for paving slabs

The porous structure of concrete acts like a sponge - it absorbs water. Hygroscopicity plays its detrimental role in winter, when water penetrates into the pores of concrete, freezes, expands and destroys the structure of the concrete base. As a result, the appearance of microcracks, dents, shells, discoloration.

To prevent this, protective impregnations are used - water repellents for paving slabs.

Water-repellent compositions (materials, additives, liquids) do not protect the tile from fading in the sun and abrasion, but only impregnate the surface of the concrete and thereby prevent “soaking” with water (they provide a water-repellent property).